(全国卷)2019届高考英语一轮复习 语法部分 第十二讲 构词法课件 新人教版
高考英语总复习—构词法优质课件
高考英语总复习—构词法优质课件一、教学内容本节课的教学内容选自《高考英语总复习》教材的第五章“词汇与构词法”部分。
详细内容包括词根、词缀的识别与理解，常见前缀、后缀及其意义，以及构词法的实际运用。
二、教学目标1. 掌握常见的前缀、后缀及其意义，提高词汇理解和应用能力。
2. 学会运用构词法知识，扩大词汇量，提高英语阅读和写作能力。
3. 培养学生自主学习和合作学习的能力，提高解决问题的策略。
三、教学难点与重点教学难点：词缀的识别与运用，构词法的实际应用。
教学重点：常见前缀、后缀的掌握，以及通过构词法提高词汇量。
四、教具与学具准备教具：PPT课件、黑板、粉笔。
学具：笔记本、教材、词典。
五、教学过程1. 导入：通过展示一组单词，引导学生观察并发现它们之间的联系，引出构词法的学习。
2. 新课内容：讲解词根、词缀的概念，结合教材例词，分析前缀、后缀及其意义。
3. 实践活动：分组讨论，让学生找出更多具有相同词缀的单词，并进行分享。
4. 例题讲解：选取典型的高考题型，讲解构词法在阅读和写作中的应用。
5. 随堂练习：设计有针对性的练习题，让学生及时巩固所学知识。
六、板书设计1. 构词法概念2. 常见前缀、后缀及其意义3. 构词法在高考中的应用七、作业设计1. 作业题目：根据所学内容，找出5个带有前缀、后缀的单词，并写出它们的意思。
答案：略答案：略八、课后反思及拓展延伸本节课通过讲解构词法，帮助学生提高了词汇理解和应用能力。
课后，教师应关注学生的学习反馈，及时调整教学方法。
同时，鼓励学生利用构词法自主拓展词汇，提高英语水平。
拓展延伸：推荐学生阅读英语词汇学相关书籍，深入了解词汇的起源与发展。
重点和难点解析1. 教学难点与重点的确定。
2. 实践活动的设计与实施。
3. 例题讲解的策略。
4. 作业设计的针对性与拓展性。
5. 课后反思与拓展延伸的实际应用。
详细补充和说明：一、教学难点与重点的确定构词法的教学难点在于学生对词缀的识别与运用，以及如何将构词法知识应用于实际的语言环境中。
高中一轮复习英语课件专题十二构词法
and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music
different
解析：此处应该使用形容词 different 作定语修饰 kinds，意为
“不同的”。
③(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) Instead, he hopes that his business will
可接受的 舒适的 时髦的 合适的 有道理的
music→musical origin→original al person→personal center→central nature→natural
音乐的 最初的 个人的；私人的 中央的；中心的 自然的；天生的
后缀 ful
ed ing ible
例词
grow steady.
steadily
解析：谓语动词 grow 在此处是实义动词，并非连系动词，意
为“增长，增强”，此处应该使用副词 steadily 作状语修饰
grow。grow steadily 意为“稳定地增长”。
④(2016·全国卷Ⅲ) At one time, I even felt my parents couldn't
令人厌倦的 麻烦的
后缀 y ern ish
例词
taste→tasty health→healthy wealth→wealthy
美味的；可口的 健康的 富裕的；丰富的
east→eastern
东方的；向东的
child→childish fool→foolish self→selfish
孩子气的 愚蠢的；可笑的 自私的
困难
cruel→cruelty
残酷；残暴
高考英语一轮复习专题十二构词法考点集训(含解析)
专题十二构词法【考点集训】一、单句填空1.(2020新高考Ⅰ,44)Historical(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.答案accuracy2.(2020课标全国Ⅱ,61)Chinese New Year is a (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.答案celebration3.(2020课标全国Ⅲ,64)Filled with (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.答案curiosity4.(2019课标全国Ⅲ,66)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (pete) to watch, together with the story behind it.答案petition5.(2019浙江, 64)Other American studies showed no (connect) between uniforms and school performance.答案connection/connections6.(2019课标全国Ⅲ,67)They also shared with us many (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.答案traditional7.(2019北京, 10)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and (meaning) college experience.答案meaningful8.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,66)This switch has decreased (pollute)in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.答案pollution9.(2018浙江,64)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh)problems.答案weight10.(2018课标全国Ⅱ, 67)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total (globe)fertilizer consumption.答案global11.(2018课标全国Ⅰ, 68)To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.答案strengthen12.(2018课标全国Ⅲ,66)Im a (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.答案scientist13.(2018浙江, 62)The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be (afford)but doing this most days adds up.答案affordable14.(2017课标全国Ⅱ, 69)This development was only possible with the (introduce) of electricpowered engines and lifts.答案introduction15.(2017课标全国Ⅲ,66)She is determined to carry on with her (educate).答案education16.(2017课标全国Ⅰ, 69)However, be (care)not to go to extremes.答案careful17.(2017课标全国Ⅱ, 70)The Central London Railway was one of the most (success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.答案successful18.(2016课标全国Ⅰ, 61)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top (attract).答案attraction19.(2016课标全国Ⅱ, 62)Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feela real sense of (achieve).答案achievement20.(2016课标全国Ⅲ,68)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the (develop) of chopsticks.答案development二、语法填空When we read newspapers, we often e across such English words as “AIDS” and “PK”. When we watch TV, we 1. (frequent) hear words like “NBA” or “PM ”. When we speak, we automatically use words like “OUT” or “Byebye”. English words and 2. (express) like these are enjoying 3. (popular). They have already bee part of our 4. (day) language. And 239 English words have been included in the latest Modern Chinese Dictionary.The inclusion has started a heated 5. (discuss). A group of scholars signed a letter of plaint over the inclusion of these English words, which, they think, goes against Chinese language policies. They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an 6. (increase) number of English words but are also 7. (concern) that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language. However, others 8. (disapprove) of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will 9. (threat) the Chinese language. They believe the 10. (select) is mostly a result of their function and use in daily life.答案[语篇解读] 本文为议论文,介绍了对汉语词典收录英语词汇这一做法的两种观点。
2019版高考英语一轮实用课件：12-构词法(含答案)
3
目录
一、 转化法
1
动词转化为名词
(1)很多动词可以转化为名词，大多数情况下，意思没有多大的变化。
Let's go out for a walk. 我们到外面去散散步吧。
(2)有时意思有一定变化。 He is a man of strong build. 他是一个体格健壮的人。 (3)有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作。 Let's have a swim. 咱们游泳吧。
Testing of English as a Foreign Language → TOEFL
托福
28
目录
针对训练
29
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1．Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly ______________ (regular)．(2016· 全国卷Ⅱ)
write写
Japan日本 act表演
→
→ →
writer作家
Japanese日本人 actress女演员
mouth口
music音乐
12
→
→
mouthful一口
musician音乐家
目录
二、派生法
2
wide
后缀
(2)构成动词的后缀常用的有en (多用于形容词之后)，fy (使······化)，ize
PART TWO
派生法
8
二、派生法
在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新
词叫作派生法。除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般 改变词类，很少引起词义的变化。
2019年高三英语一轮复习课件市重点高中适用语法贯通专题十二构词法
改y为-ily
easy→easily容易地
怀疑的
健忘的 有害的 有希望的 和平的 感到恐惧的 感到困惑的 下划线的 令人惊异的 令人信服的 令人满意的
后缀 access→accessible -ible horror→horrible terror→terrible act→active effect→effective attract→attractive impress→impressive continue→continuous anxiety→anxious caution→cautious curiosity→curious humor→humorous
例词 容易取得的 可怕的;恐怖的 可怕的 积极的;活跃的 有效的;生效的 有吸引力的 给人深刻印象的 不断的;持续的 忧虑的 十分小心的;谨慎的 好奇的 幽默的
-ive
-ous
后缀 -some tire→tiresome trouble→troublesome
例词 令人厌倦的 麻烦的
taste→tasty
后缀
例词 drive→driver gather→gatherer conduct→conductor teach→teacher announce→announcer punish→punishment achieve→achievement argue→argument treat→treatment equip→equipment govern→government 司机;驾驶员 收集者;采集者 指挥;售票员 老师 播音员 惩罚 功绩;成就 辩论;论据 对待;治疗 装备;设备 政府
2020年高考英语一轮复习第二部分第十二讲构词法课
构词法是高考语法填空中必考的题目。全国新课标卷的阅 读理解与完形填空中大约含有 2.5%的派生词或合成词，能否较 好地掌握这部分词汇，直接影响着做题质量。同时，在短文改 错中也会时不时出现对构词法的考查。高考中常考合成法、转 化法和派生法这三种构词法。
一、合成法
合成法是由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方法
(续表)
后缀 -ese -an -ian -ist -ant
例子
China 中国→Chinese 中国人；汉语 Japan 日本→Japanese 日本人；日语 America 美国→American 美国人 Australia 澳大利亚→Australian 澳大利亚人 history 历史→historian 历史学家 politics 政治→politician 政治家 tour 旅游，旅行→tourist 旅游者；观光者 special 特别的，专门的→specialist 专家 assist 协助→assistant 助手 participate 参加，参与→participant 参加者
(续表)
后缀 -al -ing
-ment
-ure/-ture -y
其他
例子
arrive 到达→arrival 到达 approve 支持，赞同→approval 赞成；批准 begin 开始→beginning 开始 hear 听，听到→hearing 听力；听觉 treat 对待；治疗→treatment 治疗 govern 管理→government 政府 equip 装备，配备→equipment 设备；装备 press 按，压→pressure 压力 mix 使混合，混合→mixture 混合；混合物 recover 恢复，重新得到→recovery 恢复；痊愈 discover 发现→discovery 发现 choose 选择，挑选→choice 选择 tend 照顾，倾向于，注意→tendency 趋势
(全国卷)2020届高考英语一轮复习 语法部分 第十二讲 构词法课件 新人教版
for
this
phenomenon
are
the
subject of a very heated discussion.
6．It's surprised what people will do for money.
答案：It's
surprised surprising
what people will do for money.
10．Dad and I were terrible worried.
答案：Dad and I were
terrible terribly
worried.
11．On the left-hand side of the class，I could easy see the football field.
答案：The
teachers
here
are
kind
and
helpfully helpful .They
are
not
only our teachers but also our friends.
15．No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even
disadvantages (advantage)． 11．He is a(an) dishonest (honest)boy，so many kids don't like to play with him.
12．It's impolite (polite)to talk with food in your mouth. 13．This afternoon there will be a(an) informal (formal) meeting before the ceremony. 14．It isunhappy (happy) to know you failed to make it. 15．Reading more can enrich (rich) your vocabulary. 16 ． Many overweight (weight)ladies are willing to keep themselves slim.
2019版高考英语一轮实用课件：12-构词法(含答案)
2
合成形容词
三、合成法
3
合成动词
三、合成法
4
合成副词
其他法
三、其他法
1
截短法
截短法又称缩略法，即将单词缩写，词义和词性保持不变，主要有截头、去尾、截
头去尾等形式。
1．截头 telephone→phone 2．去尾 mathematics→math kilogram→kilo 3．截头去尾 influenza→flu refrigerator→fridge examination→exam laboratory→lab aeroplane→plane
后缀
(5)构成数词的后缀有teen (十几)，ty (几十)，th (构成序数词)。
six六 →
four四 →
sixteen十六
forty四十
→
→
sixteenth第十六
fortieth第四十
合成法
三、合成法
1
合成名词
三、合成法
1
合成名词
三、合成法
2
合成形容词
三、合成法
2
合成形容词
三、合成法
三、其他法
2
混合法
混合法又叫混成法，即将两个词混合或各取一部分紧缩而成一个新词。后半部分表 示主体；前半部分表示属性。 news broadcast → newscast新闻广播
smoke and fog → smog烟雾
三、其他法
3
首字母缩略法
首字母缩略法，即用两个或两个以上的单词的首字母组成一个新词。 very important person → VIP 要人；大人物 television → TV 电视
write写
2019版一轮英语课件：语法部分 第十二讲 构词法 精品002
考点二
考点二 转化法
1．名词→动词 back n．背→vt.支持 seat n．座→v.容纳
2.动词→名词 walk→take a walk survey→make a survey
3.形容词→动词 slow adj.慢的→v.减慢
考点三
考点三 合成法 1．名词＋名词→名词：classroom；teamwork，newspaper 2．形容词＋名词→名词：blackboard；highway 3．副词＋名词→名词：overcoat；underground；outbreak 4．副词＋动词→动词：update；overlook 5．名词＋动词→动词：sun-bathe；proof-read 6．名词＋分词→形容词：man-made；hand-made；updated； peace-keeping 7．形容词＋分词→形容词：good-looking
第十二讲 构词法
C目录 ONTENTS
考点一 考点二 考点三
考点一
考点一 派生法
注：1.前缀一般只改变词义而不改变词性，但 courage(n.)勇气 —discourage(vt.)使泄气，large(adj.)大的—enlarge(vt.)扩大， danger(n.)危险—endanger(vt.)危及。 2 ． 后 缀 一 般 改 变 词 性 而 不 改 变 词 义 ， 但 leader(n.) 领 导 —leadership(n.)领导阶层/关系，friend(n.)朋友—friendship(n.) 友谊
17．I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. Unfortunately(fortunate)，I was held up by the heavy traffic jam. 18．Very early the next morning，amazingly，we got completely satisfied in a totally unexpected (expect) way. 19．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on
高考英语复习构词法课件
(E).表示时间的前缀 preprewar
postpostwar
fore-(前，预先)
foretell, forecast, foresee, weather forecast
(F).表示方位的前缀： sub-
subway, submarine inter-
international, intercity, interclass trans-(横过，通过，超越，进入) translate, transatlantic
构词法
在语法填空中的应用
猜猜看——最时髦的网络流行语之合成法
1. time-travel TV drama 穿越剧 把两个或两个以上的
2. group purchasing 团购
词 合成一个新词，这种
构
3. daddy-is-the-key 拼爹
词的方法叫做合成法。
4. leftover ladies 剩女
-ed,-ing
Exercise:
1. I am_g_r_a_t_e_fu_l_(grate) to you for your help.
2. _G_l_o_b_a_l_(globe) warming has become a serious problem to the world.
3. It’s so_p_e_a_c_e_fu_l_(peace) out here in the countryside.
英语构词法
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈
是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极， 安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接 挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总 结出的超实用新高考英语专题复习讲义希望可以帮助大家提高答 题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
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disadvantages (advantage)．
11．He is a(an) dishonest (honest)boy，so many kids don't like
2．Hopeful，we'll arrive before dark.
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第十二讲 构词法
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考点一 派生法
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注：1.前缀一般只改变词义而不改变词性，但 courage(n.)勇气
6．名词＋分词→形容词：man-made；hand-made；updated；
peace-keeping 7．形容词＋分词→形容词：good-looking
[跟踪训练]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅱ)The Central London Railway was one
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4 ． A difficult person will be easier to cooperate with if
understand is achievEedv. aluation only. ted答w案it：h AAsdpiffoicsuelt.Spelirdsoenswfiollrb.eNeEasTier3.t5o cCoolipeenrattePwroitfhileif 5.2
3．Was she telling mEe tvhae lturuaetioorntryoinnglyto. cheat me? ted with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2
答案：CWoapsyshreigtehlltin2g0m0e4th-2e 0ttr1ruu1tehAosrptroysineg
20．Excellent oral anEdvwariltuteanticoonmmounnlyic.ation ted(cwomithmuAnsicpatoe)sskei.llSs linidCehsinfeosera.nNdEETngl3is.h5arCe loief nimtpPorrtoanficlee 5.2
—leadership(n.)领导阶层/关系，friend(n.)朋友—friendship(n.)
友谊
Eval考ua点tio二n only.
ted with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2 Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
Unfortunately(fortunate)，I was held up by the heavy traffic
jam.
18．Very early the nexEt vmaolruniantgi，oanmoazninlyg.ly，we got completely tedsawtisitfhiedAinspa otostaell.ySulindeexpsecftoedr (.eNxpEecTt) 3w.a5y. Client Profile 5.2
—discourage(vt.)使泄气，large(adj.)大的—enlarge(vt.)扩大，
danger(n.)危险—endEanvgaerl(uvat.)t危io及n 。only. ted with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2
2 ． 后C缀o一py般ri改gh变t 2词0性04而-2不0改11变A词s义po，se但PlteyadLert(dn..) 领 导
(imporCtaonpt)．yright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．I was thrilling to bEevinavliuteadt.ion only. ted答w案it：hCIAowspapsyortthsihgrerihil.lllStiend2gli0dto0eb4se-f2ion0vri1t.e1Nd.EATsp3o.s5eCPliteynLt tPdr.ofile 5.2
3.形容词→动词 slow adj.慢的→v.减慢
Eval考ua点tio三n only.
ted with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2 Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
考点三 合成法
1．名词＋名词→名词：classroom；teamwork，newspaper 2．形容词＋名词→名词：blackboard；highway
3．副词＋名词→名词E：vaovlueracotiaot；n uonndelyrg. round；outbreak ted4w．i副th词A＋s动po词s→e动.S词lid：euspdfaotre；.NovEerTloo3k.5 Client Profile 5.2
5．名词C＋op动y词rig→h动t 词20：0s4un-2-b0at1h1e；Apsropoof-sreeadPty Ltd.
Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
Evaluation only. ted with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2
Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.
Evaluation only. ted with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2
6 ． YCouopayrerigshot 2k0i0nd4-201to1 Aheslpp omsee.TPhtaynkLtydo.u for
your kindness .(kind)
7．Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world，but
2．LooCk！opHyowrighhatpp2i0ly0K4-a2te0is1l1auAghsinpgo！sSehePsetyemLsttdo.be the