初中英语语法三大从句总结
初中英语语法三大从句汇总
在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher. (先行词)二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:(一)关系代词who, whom和whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
whose一般代替人,有时亦可代替物,是所有格,在定语从句作定语。
例如:The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。
(二)关系代词which的用法which代替物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略。
例如:I do not like stories which have unhappy endings.我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。
(which可以换成that)(三)关系代词that的用法that既可指人又可指物,在当代英语中大多指物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略。
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which which whose of which人、物 that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the firstyear of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
初中英语语法三大从句总结,仅此一份,建议收藏!
在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
小编今天跟大家分享的就是这三个从句的主要语法点,赶快看起来吧!宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
三大从句知识点
三大从句知识点三大从句是英语语法中的重要知识点,包括名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
下面将分别介绍这三种从句的定义、用法和例句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句是在句子中充当名词的成分,可以作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 主语从句:在句子中充当主语的从句,常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句:That she is not coming is a great disappointment to us.(她不来对我们来说是个很大的失望。
)2. 宾语从句:在句子中充当宾语的从句,常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句:I don't know whether he will come or not.(我不知道他是否会来。
)3. 表语从句:在句子中充当表语的从句,常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句:The important thing is that we finish the project on time.(重要的是我们要按时完成这个项目。
)4. 同位语从句:用来解释或说明名词或代词的从句,常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句:The fact that he lied surprised everyone.(他撒谎的事实让每个人都感到惊讶。
)二、形容词性从句形容词性从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,常用连接词有who、whom、whose、which、that等。
5. 限制性形容词性从句:对名词或代词进行限制或修饰,不能省略。
例句:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
)6. 非限制性形容词性从句:对名词或代词进行补充说明,用逗号与主句隔开,可以省略。
例句:My sister, who is a doctor, lives in London.(我的妹妹是个医生,住在伦敦。
初中英语从句语法总结
初中英语从句汇总在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点定语从句:一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.1.先行词与关系词先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等,它总是出现在定语从句的前面。
关系词指用来引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词和关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
1)关系代词2)关系副词1)判断哪一部分是先行词,先行词指人、物、时间还是原因The book which/that I left here just now is gone. 我刚才放在这里的书不见了。
(the book 是先行词,指物)I'll forever treasure the days which/that we spent on the seashore. 我将永远珍惜咱们在海滨一起度过的那些日子。
(the days, 指时间)2)确定关系词。
既要考虑先行词,又要考虑关系词在从句中充当的成分。
比较: I'll forever treasure the days which/that we spent on the seashore.我将永远珍惜咱们在海滨度过的那些日子。
(先行词是the days,指时间,在定语从句中作spent的宾语,因此选择关系代词which或that)I'll forever treasure the days when we played on the seashore.我将永远珍惜我们在海滨玩耍的那些日子。
初中重点语法三大从句总结
初中重点语法三大从句总结初中的语法学习,很多同学觉得头疼得要命,不过别担心,今天我们来聊聊三大从句——宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。
搞明白这几个小家伙,语法就没那么可怕了!1. 宾语从句1.1 什么是宾语从句?你有没有过这种体验:别人问你问题,而你又想用句子里的句子来回答?这种句子里嵌套了一个句子,这就是宾语从句。
简单来说,宾语从句就是充当动词宾语的句子。
它通常跟在动词后面,好像是“动词+宾语”这种结构的延伸。
1.2 例子和用法比如你听到有人问,“你知道她什么时候回来吗?”这句话中的“她什么时候回来”就是宾语从句。
再比如:“我不知道他什么时候到。
”这里的“他什么时候到”就是宾语从句,作为动词“知道”的宾语。
在实际使用中,宾语从句常见的引导词有“that”(虽然这个词在口语中常常省略)、“whether”(或“if”)以及各种疑问词(如“what”,“where”,“when”,“why”,“how”等)。
注意:在口语中,“that”通常可以省略,但在书面语中还是要用哦。
2. 定语从句2.1 什么是定语从句?定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的,从而给它们添加更多信息。
你可以把它想象成一个超级详细的名片,它告诉你更多关于那个人或物的信息。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,就像给名词穿上了一个“定制的衣服”。
2.2 例子和用法比如说,“我认识那个会弹吉他的女孩。
”这里的“会弹吉他的”就是定语从句,它修饰了名词“女孩”。
常见的引导词有“who”(用于人)、“which”(用于物)、“whose”(表示所属关系)、“that”(可以指人或物)。
例如:“The book that I borrowed is very interesting.” 这句话中的“that I borrowed”就是定语从句,它修饰了名词“book”。
注意:“that”在定语从句中可以替代“who”或“which”,尤其是在非正式的语境中。
(word完整版)初中英语必会三大从句汇总讲解,推荐文档
初中英语必会三大从句汇总讲解从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独作一个句子。
在英语中主要有三大从句,即:1. 名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)2. 定语从句3•状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
一、名词性从句1. 主语从句用作主语,如:That the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的是真实的。
2. 宾语从句用作宾语。
如:Do you know where he lives?3. 表语从句用作表语,如:My opi nion is that you should n ot go alo ne. 我的意见是你不应单独前往。
4. 同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。
如:The fact that the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的的事实是真实的。
(that 从句用于解释说明the fact)二、定语从句定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词。
如:The stude nt who an swered the questi on was Joh n. 回答问题的学生是Joh n.三、状语从句相当于一个副词,如:1. 时间状语从句When it rain s, I usually go to school by bus. 天下雨时,我通常坐公共汽车上学。
2. 条件状语从句If he comes tomorrow, you will see him. 如果他明天来,你就可以看见他。
(if引导的条件状语从句,其结构为:if +状语从句,+主句)。
要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”,即主句是将来时,则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
3. 结果状语从句He returned home to lear n his daughter had just bee n en gaged. 他回家后得知女儿刚刚订婚了。
初中英语必会三大从句讲解
初中英语必会三大从句讲解1. 名词性从句(Noun Clauses)名词性从句用来在主句中充当名词的作用,有以下三种类型:a. 主语从句(Subject Clauses):主语从句用来作为主句中的主语,通常以连接词从属连词"that"引导,也可以用连接代词"what"、"whatever"、"whoever"、"which"等引导。
例如:-What you said at the meeting is very important.(你在会议上说的话很重要。
)b. 宾语从句(Object Clauses):宾语从句用来作为主句中的宾语,通常以连接词从属连词"that"引导,也可以用连接代词"what"、"whatever"、"whoever"、"which"等引导。
例如:-I believe that he will succeed.(我相信他会成功。
)-She doesn't know what she should do.(她不知道她应该做什么。
)c. 表语从句(Predicate Clauses):表语从句用来作为主句中的表语,通常以连接词从属连词"that"引导,也可以用连接代词"what"、"whatever"、"whoever"、"which"等引导。
例如:-Her dream is that she can travel around the world.(她的梦想是能够周游世界。
)2. 定语从句(Adjective Clauses)定语从句用来修饰或限制名词或代词,通常以关系代词"who"、"whom"、"which"、"whose"、"that"等引导。
初中英语语法三大从句总结
初中英语语法三大从句总结
在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等),主要语法点有:
宾语从句
一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词
that:I thin that ou can ing
三、时态
1 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定各种时态均可She want to now what he ha done for the eam
2主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She aid that he wa a tudent 2)She aid that he woud f to Jae ue to the meeting on condition that no one aed him to e, we can et off
Now that--- 既然Now that ou are here, ou can oin u
conidering that--- 顾及到Conidering that the are ut beginner, the are doing quite a good ob
eeing that--- 由于Seeing that quite a few abroad
8 方式状语从句方式状语从句常由: a, a if, a though
a---与……一样Do in Rome a the Roman do
a if, a though--- 仿佛,由a if或a though引导的从句中可用虚
拟语气She tood at the door a if =a though he were waiting for omeone。
初中英语语法三大从句汇总
初中英语语法三大从句汇总
1.名词性从句
名词性从句用来充当句子中的主语、宾语、表语等。
常见的名词性从句有:
主语从句:What he said was really surprising.
宾语从句:I don't know where he is.
表语从句:The important thing is that you try your best.
2.定语从句
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词。
常见的定语从句有:
限制性定语从句:The book that I bought is very interesting.
非限制性定语从句:My sister, who is a doctor, lives in New York.
3.状语从句
状语从句用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、结果等与主句之间的关系。
常见的状语从句有:
时间状语从句:I will call you when I arrive.
原因状语从句:She didn't go to the party because she was tired.
条件状语从句:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
方式状语从句:He studied hard so that he could pass the exam.
结果状语从句:She was so tired that she couldn't walk.。
初中英语三大从句详解
在英语中, 主要有三大从句, 即名词性从句(包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A.定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause), 顾名思义, 就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当, 所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外, 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的, 故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后, 这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中, 算定语从句最难掌握, 因为汉语里没有定语从句, 汉语里只有定语, 而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词, 并且在定语从句中充当句子成分, 可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有: who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:格先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which whichwhoseof which人、物 that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人, 是主格, 在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings.建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first.想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
初中重点语法三大从句总结
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略;关系代词that和 which在定语从句中作主语时,不能省略。
关系副词引导定语从句
关系副词的作用
在定语从句中充当状语,引导定语从句修饰先行词。
常用的关系副词
when, where, why。
使用注意事项
关系副词引导的定语从句一般修饰表示时间、地点和原因的名词;在定语从句中,关系副 词可以转换成“介词+which”的结构。
状语性从句练习题及解析
练习题 I won't go to the party _______ I'm
invited.
We will start as soon as our team leader comes.
解析
第一题答案为 unless,引导条件状语 从句,表示“除非我被邀请,否则我 不会去参加聚会”。
初中重点语法三大从句总结
• 引言 • 名词性从句 • 定语性从句(定语从句) • 状语性从句(状语从句) • 三大从句比较与联系 • 练习题与解析
01
引言
目的和背景
提高学生对从句的理解和运用能力
为高中英语从句学习打下基础
从句定义及分类
从句定义
从句是包含一个主谓结构但不能独立 成句的句子成分,它在复合句或复杂 句中充当一个成分。
第一题答案为 that/which,引导定语从句并在从句中 作宾语,先行词是book指物,所以关系词用 that/which。
The book _______ I got yesterday is written by him.
解析
第二题答案为 that/which,引导定语从句并在从句中 作visited的宾语,先行词是farm指物,所以关系词用 that/which。
[参考实用]初中英语语法—三大从句汇总
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributiveclause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:ThewomanwholivesneGtdoorisateacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who,that,which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:格先行词主格宾格所有格人whowhomwhose物whichwhichwhoseofwhich人、物thatthat—(一)关系代词who,whom和whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:Anarchitectisapersonwhodesignsbuildings.建筑师是设计房屋的人。
Iwillneverforgettheteacherwhotaughtuschemistryinthefirstyearofmyseniormiddleschool.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyonewhowantstoapplyforthisjobmustsendustheresumebyemailfirst.想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
初中英语语法三大从句总结
初中英语语法三大从句总结在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
宾语从句一、定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.定语从句一、定义:在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后三、关系代词关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词四、翻译方法“…. 的”Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whom/who we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.状语从句一、定义:在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
中考英语重点语法三大从句总结
When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.
While ---在……期间,往往指一段时间。
While we were inAmerica, we saw him twice.
While ---表示一种不满情绪,意思是这边在干某种重要的事,而另一边在享受等。
If ---如果
If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.
Unless ---如果不,除非=if not
We can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flight
As long as ---只要
We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.
As (so) far as ---据……所知
As far as I know, he speaks English very well.
In case ---假使,如果
The plane cannot take off in case it rains.
Wherever ---无论哪里
Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.
4.原因状语从句
because, as, since, now that,和considering that, seeing that这六个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱.
It is just a week since we arrived here.
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初中英语语法三大从句总结在初中英语中,主要有三大从句,即宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句(包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
宾语从句一、定义:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.定语从句一、定义:在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后三、关系代词关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词四、翻译方法“…. 的”Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whom/who we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.状语从句一、定义:在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
二、状语从句一般分为八大类时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句1. 时间状语从句When ---当……时候, 通常指某一特定的时间点,主句与从句的动作同时发生。
When I opened the window, I saw him come up.When --- 正在……的时候,突然…。
通常主句是进行时或be about to 时,在翻译的时候,when 可以译成没想到或突然。
I was walking along the street , when I met him.When 当从句是进行时,主句是一般时,往往表示不满。
Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.When=afterWhen the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.While ---在……期间,往往指一段时间。
While we were inAmerica, we saw him twice.While ---表示一种不满情绪,意思是这边在干某种重要的事,而另一边在享受等。
We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.As --- 一边……一边, 随着She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As --- 当……时,指一个动作紧接着一个动作发生,从句通常用进行时。
As I was going out, it began to rain.The moment --- 一……就……=as soon as , immediately,---Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?---Yes, I gave her the moment I saw her.Not…until --- 直到……才He didn’t leave the office until he finished the work.Before --- 在……之前The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.After --- 在……之后The customer left the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.Since ---自从……, 通常主句用现在完成时I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.It is just a week since we arrived here.As soon as --- 一……就……Jack went to school as soon as he got well.No sooner than --- 一……就……no sooner…than…用于句首要求倒装Hardly …when…Scarcely …when…No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.Once --- 一但……就……Once you see him, you will never forget him.Every time, each time 每次whenever 每当Each time he came to town, he would visit our school.2. 条件状语从句引导状语从句的连接词有:If如果, unless除非, as long as只要, As (so) far as --- 据……所知,in case万一, provided that 假如, on condition that若是,以…为条件If ---如果If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the plane.Unless --- 如果不, 除非=if notWe can’t get there on time unless we book the earliest flightAs long as --- 只要We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.As (so) far as --- 据……所知As far as I know, he speaks English very well.In case --- 假使, 如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.Provided that 如果,有时省略thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.On condition that --- 条件是…He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.注:主从句的动作发生在将来时,则主句用将来时, 从句用一般现在时。
If he arrives tomorrow, I will be waiting for him at the airport.3. 地点状语从句地点状语从句只有两个连词: Where, whereverWhere --- 在……地方Where there is a will, there is a way.Wherever --- 无论哪里Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.4. 原因状语从句because, as, since, now that, 和considering that, seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱.Because --- 因为,通常从句放在主句后.Mr Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage.As --- 因为, 通常放在句首As he is honest and modest, all his friends like him.Since ---既然因语气较弱, 常译为既然(众所周知的原因)Since everybody has come, we can set off.Now that --- 既然Now that you are here, you can join us.considering that --- 顾及到Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.seeing that --- 由于Seeing (that) quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.5. 结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有:that, so that, so…that…such…that So…that --- 太……以至于so 后面应用形容词或副词, 有时省略so只用that Boeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb喷气炸弹.So that --- 因而,以便,为了有时so 可以省去Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.Such …that…---太……以至于用法与so…that相同,但such 后面应用名词。