高级视听说1-7参考答案.doc
【优质】春高级视听说作业及答案
mammogramA.肿瘤切除术B.乳房X线照片C.辐射治疗D.恶性肿瘤您的答案：B题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.02．第2题homosexualityA.同性恋B.异性恋C.双行恋D.性别歧视您的答案：A题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.03．第3题push-upA.齐步走B.直立C.俯卧撑D.仰卧起坐您的答案：C题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.04．第4题dermatologistA.心理医生C.妇科医生D.皮肤科医生您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.05．第5题dinosaurA.恐龙B.豚鼠C.树熊D.袋鼠您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.06．第6题scandalA.沟渠B.丑闻C.满意D.破坏您的答案：B 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.07．第7题weightA.深度B.广度C.等待D.负担您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.08．第8题Sometimes, the greatness of the parents lies in their decision to sacrifice themselves for the _____ (advantage, benefit) of their children.A.welfareB.goodnessC.wellD.good您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.09．第9题The achievement made in study closely _____ (to show the close shared relationship) the scholarship.A.relates toB.correlates withC.relativeD.relation您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.010．第10题Jessie O’Neal, a psychotherapist, ______(invent a new term) of “Affluenza”.A.invented the coinB.termed the coinC.made the coinD.coined the term您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.011．第11题The manager has _________ (deeply fixed) prejudice towards his secretary.A.a slightB.an ingrainedC.an intendedD.a vicious您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.012．第12题Her gossip about others’ privacy are sometimes ________(change so it is strange or unclear).A.believableB.distortedC.mysteriousD.doubtful您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.013．第13题He just ______(to wait or stay with no real purpose) and had a chat with someone else to kill the time.A.handed roundB.hung aroundC.handed toD.hung to您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.014．第14题After the overnight working, he ___________(become ill with sth. infectious) a sever cough.A.fell withB.came down withC.recovered fromD.died of您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第15题Well, I think on days where you are devastated, you have to have your game face on.A.pretend that you are OKB.pretend that you are not influnced at allC.face difficulty or setback with courageD.give up completely您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第16题We saw how totally whacked out he was getting.A.very tiredB.indifferentC.excitedD.frightened您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第17题His plan was to pretend he was sick. But the prison officials didn't buy it.A.release himB.help himC.believe itD.approve it您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第18题syndromeB.圆顶C.心理治疗D.丑闻您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.019．第19题proclivityA.癖好B.爱好C.习惯D.习俗您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.020．第20题sexismA.女性主义B.大男人主义C.性别平等D.性别歧视您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.021．第21题forkliftA.铲车B.起重机C.电梯D.货梯题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.022．第22题humiliationA.人性B.人类C.恐吓D.羞辱您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.023．第23题transmitterA.点火器B.太空船C.发射机D.发动机您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.024．第24题You just got jacked. Give me your wallet.A.got finedB.be fooledC.be kidnappedD.held up and robbed您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.025．第25题Regional ______(fixed or conventional ideas or images) have been part of America since its founding.A.stereotypesB.attitudesC.aptitudesD.opinions您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.026．第26题Though he failed twice, he was still ________ (be given the right to) a third chance.A.entitled toB.engaged withC.presented withD.introduced to您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.027．第27题The topic of the speech was ______(limited to) politics.A.confined withB.defined withC.confined toD.defined to您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.028．第28题All the ________ (arguments) seemed to count for nothing in the end.A.inferencesB.assumptionC.suppositionD.polemics您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.029．第29题I would rather be _______ (honest, frank) with you.A.unfathomableB.justifiedC.candidD.accessible您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.030．第30题His father passed away while he was still studying abroad. The neighbors hesitated whether they should call him to give him this ________(great and often unpleasant surprise) news.A.enormousB.painfulC.hilariousD.bombshell您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.031．第31题The Russians had been talking about their superior technology and they were making hay with this all over the world.A.making use of somethingB.selling somethingC.stopping using somethingD.discussing about something您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题D you feel as if you dodged a bullet? "Oh, yeah, and I feel real lucky."A.being shotB.surviving a warC.unluckyD.having a narrow escape您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第33题They come from all over the region where fear and security are part of everyone's daily catechism.A.daily workB.the problems encountered dailyC.questions and answers every dayD.routine jobs您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第34题The children ______(persuading repeatedly) me into taking them to the seaside.A.requiredB.requestedC.badgeredD.demanded您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.035．第35题Do any of you ever get tired of talking about this?A.not want toB.want toC.would like toD.be involved in您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第36题I think the president understands now that he is riding on the last wings of public grace.A.He is very likely to lose the favorable comments of the public and their supportB.He has the last chance to gain support from the publicC.He is losing his popularityD.He is becoming more and more popular among people您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第37题Up to now, the future has been as bleak as the past, for Israelis and Palestinians.A.better than the pastB.worse than the pastC.as hopeless as the pastD.as hopeful as the past您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第38题adultererA.综合病症B.奸夫C.曲棍球D.顾问您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.039．第39题leotardA.紧身连衣裤B.美洲豹C.曲棍球D.大屠杀您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.040．第40题scarecrowA.发射机B.稻草人C.职业病D.狂妄自大您的答案：B 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.041．第41题trophyA.屠杀B.胜利C.战利品D.好战的您的答案：C 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.042．第42题detentionA.注意B.拘留C.挽留D.拖延您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.043．第43题biopsyA.乳房X线照片B.活组织切片检查C.乳房肿瘤切除术D.管状癌瘤您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.044．第44题ignitionA.忽略B.点火C.幼稚D.威吓您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.045．第45题Others try to pass it off as just a robbery.A.stop the investigationB.start the investigationC.remember it asD.forget it您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.046．第46题Children are fascinated by the _____(unreal) battles in computer games.A.furiousB.unbelievableC.unimaginableD.mock您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.047．第47题He was called a ________ (a weak and ineffectual person) by his classmates.A.cowardB.wimpC.miserD.warrior您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.048．第48题There are a great many manic depressive who either hide in alcohol or drugs.A.covered by the behavior of either excessive drinking or taking drugsB.hiding in a bar or drugstoreC.trying to hide from the truth that they either drink or take drugD.burying oneself in alcohol and drugs您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.049．第49题He is always _______(not sever, especially in punishing people) in his treatment of offenders.A.harshB.indifferentC.lenientD.stubborn您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.050．第50题She got herself involved in the crime and was charged as _________(a person who helps another in doing something criminal).A.accessoryB.coworkerC.traitorD.murderer您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.0作业总得分：100.0作业总批注：。
高级视听说参考答案
leotardA.紧身连衣裤B.美洲豹C.曲棍球D.大屠杀您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.02．第2题sexismA.女性主义B.大男人主义C.性别平等D.性别歧视您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.03．第3题detentionA.注意B.拘留C.挽留D.拖延您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.04．第4题psychiatristA.精神病医师B.心理学家C.物理学家D.经济学家您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.05．第5题hallwayA.走廊B.大厅C.门口D.礼堂您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第6题We got woken up, 2 or 3 am in the morning and told to form up and do menial things.A.do humiliating thingsB.do a lot of workC.do some daily workD.do some hard jobs您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.07．第7题Children are fascinated by the _____(unreal) battles in computer games.A.furiousB.unbelievableC.unimaginableD.mock您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.0The achievement made in study closely _____ (to show the close shared relationship) the scholarship.A.relates toB.correlates withC.relativeD.relation您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.09．第9题It is really _____(unbelievable) for him to quit in the middle of the game.A.unfathomableB.glamorousC.unidentifiedD.sadistic您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.010．第10题All the ________ (arguments) seemed to count for nothing in the end.A.inferencesB.assumptionC.suppositionD.polemics您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.011．第11题Education should not be considered to be a _______(special right or advantage) in a modern society.A.previousB.privilegeC.villageD.voyage您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.012．第12题They are not doing things on a regular _______(in a regular manner).A.basisB.baseC.basementD.place您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.013．第13题There is a fine line between reality and illusion.A.a great distinctionB.a distinction seen only with difficulty and effortC.similarityD.difference您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第14题As his friend, I am going to extend to him the benefit of the doubt.A.tell him that he isinnocentB.assum that he is nnocent because there is insufficient evidence that he is guiltyC.strongly believe that he is innocentD.think that he will benefit from the uncertainty您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第15题They can put the polemics to rest when the sessions anize a new debateB.forbid any argumentC.start a heated discussionD.stop a furious debate您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第16题HockeyA.保龄球B.垒球C.曲棍球D.棒球您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.017．第17题mammogramA.肿瘤切除术B.乳房X线照片C.辐射治疗D.恶性肿瘤您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.018．第18题guineaA.松鼠B.袋鼠C.仓鼠D.豚鼠您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.019．第19题homosexualityA.同性恋B.异性恋C.双行恋D.性别歧视您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.020．第20题trophyA.屠杀B.胜利C.战利品D.好战的您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.021．第21题paycheckA.买卖B.结账C.付钱D.薪水您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.022．第22题neutralityA.对立B.中立C.营养D.养分您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.023．第23题felonyA.重罪B.轻罪C.拘留D.逮捕您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.024．第24题Some of them are orthodox in their thinking, some ingrained people unshakable in their beliefs.A.fashionableB.conventional and traditionalC.flexibleD.honest您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.025．第25题You just got jacked. Give me your wallet.A.got finedB.be fooledC.be kidnappedD.held up and robbed您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.026．第26题Her go ssip about others’ privacy are sometimes ________(change so it is strange or unclear).A.believableB.distortedC.mysteriousD.doubtful您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.027．第27题In his eye, the cat is the _______(a thing or a person that shows the quality of) of laziness.A.episodeB.episiteC.epitasisD.epitome您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.028．第28题In every way, she is a phenomenon.A.a state or processB.a leaderC.a common personD.an unusual person您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.029．第29题Do any of you ever get tired of talking about this?A.not want toB.want toC.would like toD.be involved in您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.030．第30题The question is answered in a small, but not insignificant, way.A.with a popular and well-known mannerB.with a detatched mannerC.in a meaningful and important wayD.in a small and unimportant way您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第31题Birthday parties for rich kids feature more than ice cream and cake. It can mean sleep overs at the ritzy Toy Store FAO Schwartz.A.fashionable and fortable您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题He had taken the wrong food, and began to _________ (vomit).A.throw upB.twitchC.pass outD.bleed您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.033．第33题Though he failed twice, he was still ________ (be given the right to) a third chance.A.entitled toB.engaged withC.presented withD.introduced to您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.034．第34题We didn’t want to see communism take over the world, and that was what we felt it was at stake at that time.A.well-knownB.popularizedC.in dangerD.safe您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第35题So whenever you are feeling down, you just look up here and you go.A.You just come here and I will help youB.Here will be a perfect place for you to restartC.You need to do nothing but keep goingD.You just think about the good things, try to feel hopeful and keep going您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第36题There is no sure-fire way to guard against affluenza.A.certain to succeedB.specificC.definiteD.effective您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第37题They were led into those familiar mind fields---the occupied territories, religion, terrorism, the whole awful weight of history.A.long historyB.the burden resulted from the historyC.the most dark part in the historyD.for the sake of the history您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第38题shantyA.棚屋B.走廊C.破烂的D.豪华的您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.039．第39题cushionA.潮流B.扶手C.软垫D.梳妆台您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.040．第40题scarecrowA.发射机B.稻草人C.职业病D.狂妄自大您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.041．第41题dermatologistA.心理医生B.儿科医生C.妇科医生D.皮肤科医生您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.042．第42题humiliationA.人性B.人类C.恐吓D.羞辱您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.043．第43题lethalA.皮革B.锂C.致命的D.轻微的您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.044．第44题weightA.深度B.广度C.等待D.负担您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.045．第45题The pill is in a ______ ( big size).A.king sizeB.queen sizeC.hill sizeD.mountain size您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.046．第46题She is the odd woman out, often the only females in the crowd of hard-hatted and hard-headed males.A.the woman who didn' t work together with the male workersB.the woman who was driven out by the maleworkmatesC.the woman who does not mix easily with her male workmatesD.the woman who is too strange that she can not get along with her workmates您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.047．第47题She had to _________ (regain control) before she continued to relate her horrible experience.A.correct herselfB.collect herselfC.recover herselfD.rescue herself您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.048．第48题He is a double-dealing guy. He acts before some powerful people as if he was obedient, but then _______(to come or go back) to his cruelty when facing ordinary civilians.A.inverts backB.inserts toC.reverts backD.reverses to您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.049．第49题She got herself involved in the crime and was charged as _________(a person who helps another in doing something criminal).A.accessoryB.coworkerC.traitorD.murderer您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.050．第50题His father passed away while he was still studying abroad. The neighbors hesitated whether they should call him to give him this ________(great and often unpleasant surprise) news.A.enormousB.painfulC.hilariousD.bombshell您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.0。
视听说一至四册答案（全集）_免费版
视听说一至四册答案（全集）_免费版第一册 (2)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1 (2)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 2 (6)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 3 (11)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 4 (17)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 5 (18)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 6 (20)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 7 (22)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 8 (24)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 9 (25)新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 10 (27) 第二册 (28)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 1 (28)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 2 (35)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 3 (38)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 4 (44)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 5 (47)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 6 (49)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 7 (52)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 8 (57)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 9 (60)新视野大学英语（第二版）第二册Unit 10 (63) 第三册 (65)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 1 (65)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 2 (66)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 3 (67)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 4 (69)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 4 (70)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 5 (72)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 7 (74)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 8 (76)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 9 (78)新视野大学英语（第二版）第三册Unit 10 (81)第四册 (85)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 1 (85)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 2 (87)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 3 (90)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 4 (93)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 5 (96)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 6 (100)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 7 (102)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 8 (105)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 9 (108)新视野大学英语（第二版）第四册Unit 10 (110)第一册新视野大学英语（第二版）第一册Unit 1III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7.virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.CSentence StructureVI.1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relativelypoor.2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down.3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family.4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting andimpolite.5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all thoseconcerned, while inwardly she wasangry.VII.1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gapbetween his culture and ours.2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learnedto communicate with friends in English.3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced workinghours.5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company.TranslationVIII.1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but theycan also take time to think through answers before making a reply.2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless anduseless.3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience fromwhich we can learn a lot.4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look forthe information they need.5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels,however, that this is too much for her.6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.IX.1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。
高级英语视听说1 本文+答案
【下载本文档，可以自由复制内容或自由编辑修改内容，更多精彩文章，期待你的好评和关注，我将一如既往为您服务】Chapter 1 N apoleon：From Schoolboy to EmperorNapoleon was a French soldier who became emperor of France. He was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. N. wasn’t a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old, he joined the French army. In that year he began the military career that brought him fame, power, riches, and, finally, defeat. N. became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Several years later, he became the emperor of the French Empire.N. was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N. won many, many military victories. At one time he controlled most of Europe, but many countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat –his end –came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army.The great French conqueror died alone -- deserted by his family and friends – in 1821. N. was only 51 years old when he died.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. When was Napoleon born? (a)2. What kind of student was Napoleon in most of his classes? (d)3. What did Napoleon's military career bring him? (d)4. When did Napoleon become emperor of the French Empire? (d)5. One reason that Napoleon won many military victories was that his soldiers were ready to fight to the death for him. (T)6. Austria and Russia fought fiercely against Napoleon, but England did not. (F England also fought against him.)7. Many of Napoleon's family and friends were with him when he died. (F He died alone and deserted by his family and friends.)8. Napoleon died before he reached the age of 52. (T)Chapter 2 Pompeii：Destroyed, Forgotten, and FoundToday many people who live in large metropolitan areas such as Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. They go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city noise and heat. Over 2,000 years ago, many rich Romans did the same thing. They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Romans spent their summers in the city of Pompeii. P. was a beautiful city; it was located on the ocean, on the Bay of Naples.In the year 79 C.E., a young boy who later became a very famous Roman historian was visiting his uncle in P.. The boy’s name was Pliny the Younger. One day Pliny was looking up at the sky. He saw a frightening sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose high into the sky. Rock and ash flew through the air. What Pliny saw was the eruption –the explosion -- of the volcano, Vesuvius. The city of P. was at the foot of Mt. V..When the volcano first erupted, many people were able to flee the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortunately, there was not enough time for everyone to escape. More than 2,000 people died. These unlucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash. The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P. was buried under 20 feet of volcanic rock and ash. The city of P. was buried and forgotten for 1,700 years.In the year of 1748 an Italian farmer was digging on his farm. As he was digging, he uncovered a part of a wall of thePostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what time of the year did wealthy Romans like to visit Pompeii? (in the summertime)2. In what year did Pliny pay a visit to his uncle/s house in Pompeii? (in 79 C.E.)3. What did Pliny see when he was looking out over the Bay of Naples one day? (a large dark cloud)4. Where was Pompeii located in relation to Mt. Vesuvius? (Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)5. When did an Italian farmer discover a part of an ancient wall of Pompeii? {in 1748)6. Rome was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius. (F Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)7. Most of the people of Pompeii were able to flee the city and to escape death. (T)8. Pompeii was buried under two feet of volcanic ash. (F Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of volcanic ash.)9. Pompeii lay buried and forgotten between 79 C.E. and 1748. (T)10. The Italian farmer was looking for the ancient city of Pompeii. (F The farmer was digging on his farm.)11. Tourists come to excavate the city of Pompeii, (F Tourists come to see the ruins of the ancient city of Pompeii.) Chapter 3 Lance Armstrong: Survivor and WinnerLance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971 in a suburb of Dallas, Texas, called Plano. Lance began running and swimming competitively when he was only 10 years old. By the time he was 13, he was competing in triathlons and won the Iron Kids Triathlon. Lance’s mother, who raised L. mostly by herself, recognized and encouraged his competitive spirit.During his senior year in high school, L. was invited to train with the US Olympic cycling developmental team in Colorado. From that time on, L. focused completely on cycling. By 1991, L. was the US National Amateur Champion. He also won 2 major national races the same year -- even beating some professional cyclists.Although he was generally doing very well, L. had his ups and downs. In 1992, he was expected to do very well at the Barcelona Olympics, but finished in 14th place. This was a big disappointment. L. got over the disappointment and decided to turn professional. In his first professional race, the 1992 Classico San Sebastian, he ended up finishing dead last, 27 minutes behind the winner. L.’s mother continued to encourage L. through his difficult times.Things went much better for L. in the following years. In 1993, he was the youngest person to win the World Race Championships. In the same year, he entered the Tour de France for the first time. He won one stage of the race, but dropped out of the race before finishing. In 1995, he even won the Classico S. S., the race he had finished last in, in 1992. L. also won the most important US tournament, the Tour du Pont, 2 times, in both 1995 and 1996. By 1996, L. was ranked 7th among cyclists in the world, and he signed a 2-year contract with a French racing team. At that time, everything was looking very good for L.A..However, everything changed dramatically and drastically in October of 1996, shortly after his 25th birthday. At this time, L. was diagnosed with advanced cancer that had already spread to his brain and lungs. He almost immediately underwent 2 cancer surgeries. After these 2 surgeries, he was given a 50-50 chance of survival as he began an aggressive 3-month course of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy left L. very weak, but the treatment worked well. Quite soon after, L. was declared free of cancer. L. returned to cycling and training only 5 months after he was initially diagnosed with cancer. He vowed he would return to competitive cycling better than ever.However, his French cycling team dropped L. from the team. They didn’t believe that L. would ever be able to return to his former level of strength and endurance. Fortunately the US Postal Service Team became his new sponsor. With the support of the US Postal Service Team, L. returned to racing in 1998. After one particularly bad day during one of his races, L. pulled over and decided he was done with racing. However, after spending time with his really good cycling friends, L. returned to racing, and again he was off again in pursuit of cycling victories!L.’s big comebac k was marked by his victory at the 1999 Tour de France. L. repeated this feat in the years 2000, 2001,2002, 2003 and 2004, for a total of 6 consecutive victories in the Tour de France, the most prestigious and the most grueling of all cycling contests. L.s’ Tour de France record may never be beaten or even matched. Interestingly, L. was the youngest person to win the World Cycling Championships in 1993 and the oldest person ever to win the Tour de France in 2004!In addition to his amazing athletic performance, L.A. has established the L.A. Foundation, which is devoted to providing information about cancer and support to cancer victims. He has also written a book about his life and winning the TdF, called Every Second Counts, and for L., every second has counted.L.A. gives a lot of credit for his success to his mother, whose independent spirit and support for L. inspired him to overcome all of life’s obstacles, both on and off the racetrack. Lance, in return, has provided inspiration to many, for his courage – both athletic and personal.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. How old was Lance when he began running and swimming competitively? (b)2. Which sports contest did Lance win when he was 13 years old? (b)3. How old was Lance when he was diagnosed with advanced cancer? (c)4. What chance for survival was Lance given after he underwent two surgeries? (c)5. Who was Lance's sponsor when he won the Tour de France in 1999? (d)6. What is the name of the book that Lance wrote that is mentioned in the lecture? (b)7. Lauce’s cancer had already spread to his lungs and brain before it was diagnoised? (T)8. Lauce’s French team dropped Lauce because they didn’t think he would ever return to his former lev el of strength and endurance. (T)9. Lauce won the Classico San Sebastian two times. (F He lost the first time and won the second time.)10. Lauce is the only cyclist to win the Tour de France five times consecutively. (F Lauce is the only person to win the Tour de France six times consecutively.)Chapter 4 The Internet: How it WorksThe Internet consists of millions of computers, all linked together into a gigantic network. Now every computer that is connected to the Internet is part of this network and can communicate with any other connected computer.In order to communicate with each other, these computers are equipped with special communication software. To connect to the Internet, the user instructs the computer’s communication software to contact the Internet Service Provider, or ISP. Now an Internet Service Provider, or ISP, is a company that provides Internet service to individuals, organizations, or companies, usually for a monthly charge. Local ISPs connect to larger ISPs, which in turn connect to even larger ISPs. A hierarchy of networks is formed. And this hierarchy is something like a pyramid, with lots of small networks at the bottom, and fewer but larger networks moving up the pyramid. But, amazingly, there is no one single controlling network at the top. Instead, there are dozens of high-level networks, which agree to connect with each other. It is through this process that everyone on the Internet is able to connect with everyone else on the Internet, no matter where he or she is in the world.How does information that leaves one computer travel through all of these networks, and arrives at its destination, another computer, in a fraction of a second?The process depends on routers. Now routers are specialized computers whose job is to direct the information through the networks. The data, or information, in an e-mail message, a Web page, or a file is first broken down into tiny packets. Each of these packets has the address of the sender and of the receiver, and information on how to put the packets back together. Each of these packets is then sent off through the Internet. And when a packet reaches a router, the router reads its destination address. And the router then decides the best route to send the packet on its way to its destination. All the packets might take the same route or they might go different routes. Finally, when all the packets reach their destination,they are put back into the correct order.To help you understand this process, I’m going to ask you to think of these pa ckets of information as electronic postcards. Now imagine that you want to send a friend a book, but you can send it only as postcards. First, you would have to cup up each of the pages of the book to the size of the postcards. Next, you would need to write your address and the address of your friend on each of these postcards. You would also need to number the postcards so that your friend could put them in the correct order after he receives the postcards. After completing these steps, you would put all the postcards in the mail. You would have no way to know how each postcard traveled to reach your friend. Some might go by truck , some by train, some by plane, some by boat. Some might go by all 4 ways. Now along the way, many postal agents may look at the addresses on the postcards in order to decide the best route to send them off on to reach their destination. The postcards would probably arrive at different times. But finally, after all of the postcards had arrived, your friend would be able to put them back in the correct order and read the book.Now this is the same way that information is sent over the Internet using the network of routers, but of course it happens much, much faster!PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What is the Internet? (d)2. What is a router? (c)3. What is carried on every tiny packet of information that travels through the Internet? (d)4. What is a router compared to in the lecture? (b)5. The Internet is controlled by one gigantic ISP. (F There is no one controlling network at the top)6. Routers can send the packets of information in one e-mail massage over many different routes to their destination. (T)7. The lecturer compares the tiny packets of information that travel through the Internet to electronic postcards. (T)Chapter 5 Language: How Children Acquire TheirsWhat I’d lie to talk to you about today is the topic of child language development. I know that you all are trying to develop a second language, but for a moment, let’s think about a related topic, and that is: How children develop their first language. What do we know about how babies develop their language and communication ability? Well, we know babies are able to communicate as soon as they are bor n―even before they learn to speak their first language. At first, they communicate by crying. This crying lets their parents know when they are hungry, or unhappy, or uncomfortable. However, they soon begin the process of acquiring their language. The first state of language acquisition begins just a few weeks after birth. At this stage, babies start to make cooing noises when they are happy. Then, around four months of age they begin to babble. Babies all over the world begin to babble around the same age, and they all begin to make the same kinds of babbling noises. Now, by the time they are ten months old, however, the babbling of babies from different language backgrounds sounds different. For example, the babbling of a baby in a Chinese-speaking home sounds different from the babbling of a baby in an English-speaking home. Babies begin a new stage of language development when they begin to speak their first words. At first, they invent their own words for things. For example, a baby in an English-speakin g home may say “baba” for the word “bottle” or “kiki” for “cat.” In the next few months, babies will acquire a lot of words. These words are usually the names of things that are in the baby’s environment, words for food or toys, for example. They will begi n to use these words to communicate with others. For example, if a baby holds up an empty juice bottle and then says “juice,” to his father, the baby seems to be saying, “I want more juice, Daddy” or “May I have more juice, Daddy?” This word “juice” is rea lly a one-word sentence.Now, the next stage of language acquisition begins around the age of 18 months, when the babies begin to say two-word sentences. They begin to use a kind of grammar to put these words together. The speech they produce is called“telegraphic” speech because the babies omit all but the most essential words. An English-speaking child might say something like “Daddy, up” which actually could mean “Daddy, pick me up, please.” Then, between two and three years of age, young children begin to learn more and more grammar. For example, they begin to use the past tense of verbs. The children begin to say things such as “I walked home” and “I kissed Mommy.” They also begin to overgeneralize this new grammar rule and make a log of grammar mista kes. For example, children often say such thins as “I goed to bed” instead of “I went to bed,” or “I eated ice cream” instead of “I ate ice cream.” In other words, the children have learned the past tens e rule for regular verbs such as “walk” and “kiss,” but they haven’t learned that they cannot use this rule for all verbs. Some verbs like “eat” are irregular, and the past tense forms for irregular verbs must be learned individually. Anyway, these mistakes are normal, and the children will soon learn to use the past tense for regular and irregular verbs correctly. The children then continue to learn other grammatical structures in the same way.If we stop to think about it, actually it’s quite amazing how quickly babies and children all over the world learn their language and how similar the process is for babies all over the world.Do you remember anything about how you learned your first language during the early years of your life? Think about the process for a minute. What was your first word? Was it “mama” or maybe “papa”? Now think also about the process of learning English as a second language. Can you remember the first word you learned in English? I doubt that it was “mama.” Now, think about some of the similarities and differences involved in the p rocesses of child and adult language learning. We’ll talk about some similarities and differences in the first and second language learning processes tomorrow. See you then.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what age do babies begin to communicate? (a)2. Which of the following is an example of “telegraphic” speech? (b)3. At what age do children begin to use the past tense? (c)4. At four months of age the babbling of babies sounds the same all over the world. (T)5. A baby’s first words are usually words that he or she inverts. (T)6. A child uses only vocabulary and no grammar before about two years of age. (F He/she actually used a kind of grammar in making two-word sentences at about 18months of age.)7. Children probably say “I goed” instead of “I went” because they hear their parents say this. (F Children say “I goed” instead of “I went” because they are overgeneralizing the grammar rule for the regular past tense verbs to the irregular ver b “go.”)Chapter 7 A Tidal Wave: What Is It? What Causes It? How Can We Predict It?A tidal wave is a very large and very destructive wall of water that rushes in from the ocean toward the shore. Many scientists call these waves tsunami. In Japanese tsunami means “storm wave.” But do you know that tidal waves are not caused by storms and that they are not true tides at all? A true tide is the regular rise and fall of ocean waters, at definite times each day, but a tidal wave comes rushing in suddenly and unexpectedly. A tidal wave is caused by an underwater earthquake. Scientists call the underwater earthquake a seaquake. The word “seaquake” is made up of two words, the word “sea” which means “ocean” and the word “quake.” “To quake” means “to shake” or“to tremble.” When a seaquake takes place at the bottom of the ocean, the ocean floor shakes and trembles, and sometimes the ocean floor shift s. It is this shifting that produces the tidal wave. The tidal wave begins to move across the sea at great speed.Tidal waves have taken many human lives in the past. Today scientists can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. They use a seismograph to do this. A seismograph is an instrument that records the strength, the direction, and the length of time of an earthquake or seaquake. It is not possible to hold back a tidal wave, but it is possible to warn people that a tidalwave is coming. This warning can save many lives.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy2. They can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. (c)3. It is caused by a seaquake. (d)4. It is a synonym for "underwater earthquake." (b)5. During a seaquake, it shakes, trembles, and sometimes shifts. (e)6. It records the strength, the direction, and the length of time of earthquakes. (f)Chapter 8 Levels of Language Usage: Formal and InformalToday I want to talk about levels of language usage. You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two broad, general categories, or levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English in no exception. I’m not talking about correct and incorrec t English. What I’m talking about are two levels of correct English. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books such as encyclopedias, and in business letters. For example, a letter to a university would be in a formal style. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. People usually use formal English when they give classroom lectures or speeches and at ceremonies such as graduations. We also tend to use formal language in conversations with persons we don’t know well or with people we have a formal relationship with, such as professors, bosses, doctors, friends of our parents’, strangers, etc. Informal language is used in co nversation with colleagues, family, and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends, as well as in diaries, etc.Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. However, today I’m going to talk only abou t a couple of ways. First of all, formal language tends to be more polite. Interestingly, it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or family member, “Close the door, please,” but to a stranger or someone in authority I probably would say “Would you mind closing the door?” or “Excuse me, could you please close the door?” Using words like “could”and “would” makes my request sound more polite, but also more formal. I want to be polite but not too formal with my friends and family.Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let me give you a couple of examples of what I mean. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I’m talking to my friend or colleague I might say “I’m just crazy about soccer!” But if I were talking to my supervisor or a friend of my parents’, I would probably say “ I really enjoy soccer” or “I like soccer ver y much.” Let’s say I’m telling someone some news I heard about the police arresting a criminal. To my friend I might say, “The cops bagged the crook.” To my parents’ friend I might say “The police arrested the thief.”Although the line between formal and informal language is not always clear and although people are probably less formal today than in the past, it is useful to be aware that these two levels, or categories, do exist. The best way for a nonnative speaker of English to learn the difference is to observe the different ways English speakers speak or write in different situations. Television newscasters, your college professors in your class, your doctors in their offices, etc., will usually speak rather formally. However, your classmates, teammates, family members, and friends will generally speak in an informal fashion. The difference can be learned over time by observing and interacting with native speakers.PostlisteningA. Comprehension check1. Recognizing information and checking accuracy1. Which of the following are usually written in formal English? (b)2. Which of the following people do we usually speak to in informal language? (d)3. Which of the following is the most formal way to make a request? (d)4. Which of the following should not be in a composition you write in school? (b)5. It's unusual to find both a formal and informal level of usage in a language. (F All languages have two broad, general categories, or levels of usage: formal and informal.)6. People usually use formal language when they first meet someone. (T)7. The sentence "Mary is crazy about that music" would be acceptable in a conversation between classmates. (T)8. The best way to learn the difference between formal and informal English is to look up every new word in the dictionary.(F The best way is to pay attention to how native speakers use language in different situations and to interact with them.) Chapter9 Power: The Kinds People Use and AbuseJohn Mack, who is the author of a book about power, says that the need for a sense of personal power is one of the primary forces in human life. On the other hand, he also says that a feeling of powerlessness is one of the most disturbing of human emotions ―a feeling to be avoided at all costs. Just what is power?Psychologists define power as the ability to determine or to change the actions or behavior of other people. Psychologists are trying to identify different kinds of power so that they can better understand how people use these different kinds of power to gain control over other people. They are trying to understand how people manipulate other people for good and evil purposes. Psychologists have identified five basic types of power, and I’d like to talk about each o f these briefly in the next few minutes.The first type of power is called information power. Some psychologist believe that information power is one of the most effective types of power and control. The person who has information that other people want and need, but do not have, is in a position of power. Why is this? Well, most people like to receive and have information. Having information increases a person’s own sense of power. People who provide information can manipulate those who do not have information. Often, when people receive information, they do not know that they are being manipulated by those who provided the information. The psychologist named Edwards says, for example, that newspapers provide a lot of information to their readers, and that these newspaper readers generally believe the information they read. Readers do not question the accuracy of the reports about world events they read in the newspapers.A second type of power is called referent power. For example, a person may want to behave like the members of a particular group, such as a soccer team ( or a group of classmates), or a person may identify with and want to be like a certain teacher, a friend, or say , a rock star. If you identify with another person, that person has power over you, and that person can influence your actions and behavior. Many people imitate and are controlled by the people they identify with. Let me give you a sad example of the use of this type of power for evil purposes. In the 1970s in Jonestown, Guyana, more than 900 people committed suicide when their religious leader Jim Jones told them to kill themselves. They did what he told them to do because he had referent power over them. They identified with him; they believe him, and they did what he told them to do. More recently a man named David Koresh controlled the lives and destinies of a small community of men, women, and children in Waco, Texas. Most people in his community died in a fire, along with their leader, during a confrontation with U.S. government agents.A third kind of power is classified as legitimate power. Government officials, according to Edwards, have a lot of legitimate power. When the government decides to raise taxes or make people go to war, most people will do what their government officials tell them to do. One psychologist reported on an experiment that showed an example of this type of power. In this experiment, a researcher asked people on the street to move away from a bus stop. When he was dressed as a civilian, few people moved away from the bus stop. When the researcher was dressed as a guard, most people moved away from the bus stop. The guard’s uniform seemed to give the researcher a look of legitimate power.A fourth kind of power is called expert power. An expert is a person who is very skilled in some area, such as sports, or。
视听说1-7单元答案
视听说1-7单元答案指南：从U1 inside view的Conversation2开始右边均为正确答案！⽐如下⾯⾼光黄⾊部分没有Pronunciation发⾳题连续11个字母的是Unit test的答案答案是有顺序的没题⽬序号=,= 正确率100%Kate Santos(2) Janet Li Janet Li(3) Li Hui Li Hui(4) New York New York(5) Anshan AnshanI'm Janet Li(2) My chinese name is My Chinese name is(3) It's short for it's short for(4) Everyone calls me Everyone calls me DCAEB 15very young(2) High school high school(3) New ideas new ideas(4) going away going away(5) first few weeks first few weeks(6) work at work at(7) four or five four or five / 4 or 5ABCDD babcb 23579the country(2) everyday expenses everyday expenses(3) food food(4) bad effect bad effect(5) get a job get a job(6) universities universities(7) quickly quickly dbfaecdbcd abbab dcdbdbcbbad （连续11个字母是Unit test的答案）Unit2 2345moussaka(2) chilli con carne chilli con carne(3) chicken, chicken, tomatoes, onions and Indian spices(4) lamb and eggplant(5) India(6) Greece(7) Mexico(8) spicy(9) spicy / very hotbdac What would you like(2) why don't you try why don't you try(3) I'm not so keen on I'm not so keen on(4) It's made with It's made with(5) what favor What flavour(6) what are you going to have what are you going to have 2534761 environment(2) healthier(3) cheaper(4) nutritious(5) tasty(6) fresh freshest(7) spieces spices dcbac bbacaPotatoes(2) onions onionsRice(2) tornatos tomatoesCheese Curry Raw vegetables(2) grilled meat grilled meat ccbbTFTTTtwo-minute / 2-minute(2) tax tax(3) leading leading(4) fingers fingers(5) trust trust(6) one one(7) buried buried cabdc aabdccUnit 3.Dbeac dccba ceafbdAbbie speaking(2) can you hold on a moment can you hold on a moment(3) can I call you back later can I call you back later(4) You're saying You're saying(5) What do you mean What do you mean(6) So what you're saying is So what you're saying is(7) So they know you're really heard them So they know you've really heard them(8) you've got it ready you've got it already 145681602. The first text message was sent in . Your answer Correct answer19923. In 1999, the number of texts sent reached . Your answer Correct answerone billion / 1 billion4. Over the next three years, it grew to ! Your answer Correct answer20 billion5. I probably text message about (1), (2) times a day. Your answer Correct answer(1) ten / 10(2) 156. The Orange telephone network has run a text message promotional campaign sinceApril . Your answer Correct answer20047. They show this message to any one of (1) cinemas in Britain and get (2) ticketsfor the price of (3). Your answer Correct answer(1) 450(2) two / 2(3) one / 18. Since the campaign started, cinema attendance has risen on Wednesdays by nearly . Your answer Correct answer ten per cent / ten percent / 10% / 10 percent / 10 per cent145 cbbad 235 dbabc ERFGGall equal(2) you know you know(4) more familar more familiar(5) did remember did remember(6) all the time all the time(7) try to try toBABCD BDCADBBADBA The thing is(2) a bit hervous a bit nervous(3) I'm afraid I'm afraid(4) I could do with I could do with(5) You should You should(6) show her your are show her you are(7) It's a good idea to It's a good idea to(8) just be yourself just be yourself(9) He's worried He's worried 432165BACCD DDCCC 348 5627143 CBEADquickly and easily2. The number of red roses shows how much you give to a relationship, and the number of white roses shows how much you expect to receive. You expect to (1) more than you (2).Your answer Correct answer(2) give give3. And if you leave the roses by their bed, you expect to see lots of (1)—alone. Your answer Correct answeryour friend your friend4. If you choose the long road, you intend to stay in love (1).Your answer Correct answerfor ever for everBDCCD bacbbdUnit5bbbac 347Would you like to try it on(2) It's a bit big it's a bit big(3) have this in a samller size have this in a smaller size(4) it doesn't really fit it doesn't really fit(5) I'll leave it I'll leave it(6) It really suits you It really suits you(7) Can I pay by credi card Can I pay by credit card(8) there is your receipt here's your receiptgarage2. And today there is a new way to sell your things. You can sell them . Your answer Correct answeronline3. Let's say you want to buy something. You can what you're looking for here,or you can search these categories. Your answer Correct answer4. See, you can buy all kinds of . Your answer Correct answerthings5. In an auction, people who want to buy this camera make an offer, say, . Your answer Correct answer$506. There are 16 bids for this camera right now, and the top bid is (1) and the auction for this camera will end in (2). Your answer Correct answer(1) $300(2) nine hours / 9 hoursBEAFDC 256413 bbbcca BDCDC 247a pair of shoes(2) dangerous dangerous use(3) time time(4) 500 metres 500 metres(5) actions actions(6) the point the point(7) smaller fine smaller fine(8) useful imformation useful informationbeginning(2) states States2. It's now become the (1) shopping day of the season.Your answer Correct answerbusiest busiest3. The most popular things are (1) goods, like MP3 players, as well as (2). Your answer Correct answer(1) exectronic electronic(2) toys toysDBBAC dabbabcadbcUnit6they don't think it's serious(2) he'll be fine(3) What exactly happened(4) What else did he say(5) So he'll be OK(6) There's no real concern(7) there's no need to worryCorrect answer(1) 1950(2) 20% / 20 percent / 20 per cent2. Now, of married mothers with children work outside the home. Your answer Correct answer60% / 60 percent / 60 per cent3. People in the United States work an average of more weeks per year than they did in 1980. Your answer Correct answer two / 24. The average American works almost (1) weeks more per year than the Japanese worker, (2) weeks more than the French worker, but (3) week less than the average worker in Latin America and the Caribbean. Your answer Correct answer(1) two / 2(2) seven / 7(3) one / 115 years(2) lived alone(3) What's wrong(4) was smiling(5) long conversation(6) I pay(7) message(8) the timeyou've(2) us(3) to(4) and(5) you(6) and(7) and(8) to(9) to your(10) to(11) of(12) But(13) as(14) to(15) many cdacdbda dcd17 June / 17th of June(2) New York(3) New York(4) Boston(5) 15 August / 15th of August(6) 15 August / 15th of August(7) New York(8) 12 August / 12th of August(9) Boston(10) New York(11) 17 August / 17th of August(12) Chicagotravelling around(2) I'm flying(3) are you staying(4) I'll be looking after(5) We're going(6) go back to(7) fly home from Chicago(8) for six days / for 6 daysthe sixth largest country in the world / the 6th largest country in the world (2) 20 million(3) on the west coast(4) 2,300 kilometres / 2300 kilometres(5) over four million / over 4 million(6) the Opera House(7) in the southeast(8) kangaroos。
高级视听说
1．第1题syndromeA.综合病症B.圆顶C.心理治疗D.丑闻您的答案：A题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.02．第2题settlementA.殖民地B.安置C.地下室D.基地您的答案：A题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.03．第3题holocaustA.直升机B.竞选C.革命D.大屠杀您的答案：D题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.04．第4题affluenzaA.流行性感冒B.富贵性流感C.富贵病D.富裕您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.05．第5题egoA.年纪B.专业C.自负D.中心您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第6题resignA.辞职B.就职C.分配D.退休您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.07．第7题Some of them are orthodox in their thinking, some ingrained people unshakable in their beliefs.A.fashionableB.conventional and traditionalC.flexibleD.honest您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第8题The _______ (disagreement) of his age and rank aroused much doubt.A.inconvenienceB.inconsistentC.incongruityD.inconceivability您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.09．第9题She is the odd woman out, often the only females in the crowd of hard-hatted and hard-headed males.A.the woman who didn' t work together with the male workersB.the woman who was driven out by the maleworkmatesC.the woman who does not mix easily with her male workmatesD.the woman who is too strange that she can not get along with her workmates您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.010．第10题Jessie O’Neal, a psychotherapist, ______(invent a new term) of “Affluenza”.A.invented the coinB.termed the coinC.made the coinD.coined the term您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第11题The achievement made in study closely _____ (to show the close shared relationship) the scholarship.A.relates toB.correlates withC.relativeD.relation您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.012．第12题He directly got to the point of the matter and had no reservation at all. He had a ______(practical and direct in an honest way) attitude.A.down-to-earthB.word-of-mouthC.hard-headedD.iron-hearted您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第13题Please take good care of her. She is ______ (very near to the condition of) a mental disease.A.suffering fromB.running towardsC.on the verge ofD.at the end of您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.014．第14题His explanation of this chemical reaction really ____(disclosed the truth).A.took the standB.took the rugC.matched the pointD.whacked out您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.015．第15题There are a great many manic depressive who either hide in alcohol or drugs.A.covered by the behavior of either excessive drinking or taking drugsB.hiding in a bar or drugstoreC.trying to hide from the truth that they either drink or take drugD.burying oneself in alcohol and drugs您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第16题After finally hitting rock bottom, Bob Kravitz cleaned up his act. Now at 33 he has finally settled down!A.reaching the lowest pointB.experiencing the best thingsC.falling down from a high placeD.hitting on a rock您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.017．第17题mentorA.免疫性B.轨道C.争论D.顾问您的答案：D题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.018．第18题proclivityA.癖好B.爱好C.习惯D.习俗您的答案：A题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.019．第19题orbitA.太空船B.宇航员C.轨道D.赤道您的答案：C题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.020．第20题casketA.棺材B.走廊C.卡其布D.手铐您的答案：A题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.021．第21题shuttleA.飞碟B.太空船C.发射器D.直升机您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.022．第22题transmitterA.点火器B.太空船C.发射机D.发动机您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.023．第23题weightA.深度B.广度C.等待D.负担您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.024．第24题He got aggravated with it.A.irritatedB.movedC.dissapointedD.impressed您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第25题Regional ______(fixed or conventional ideas or images) have been part of America since its founding.A.stereotypesB.attitudesC.aptitudesD.opinions您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第26题The talented singer is endowed with a youthful _______ (powerful and exciting) voice.A.vividB.vibratingC.vibrantD.violent您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第27题Wherever he went he would become the topic of conversation and be in the _________(becoming the focus of attention).A.spotB.lightC.spotlightD.lightspot您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.028．第28题Though he failed twice, he was still ________ (begiven the right to) a third chance.A.entitled toB.engaged withC.presented withD.introduced to您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.029．第29题She had to _________ (regain control) before she continued to relate her horrible experience.A.correct herselfB.collect herselfC.recover herselfD.rescue herself您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.030．第30题You just got jacked. Give me your wallet.A.got finedB.be fooledC.be kidnappedD.held up and robbed您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第31题The manager has _________ (deeply fixed) prejudice towards his secretary.A.a slightB.an ingrainedC.an intendedD.a vicious您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题She got herself involved in the crime and was charged as _________(a person who helps another in doing something criminal).A.accessoryB.coworkerC.traitorD.murderer您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第33题I would rather be _______ (honest, frank) with you.A.unfathomableB.justifiedC.candidD.accessible您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第34题The order has been ______ (cancelled) . You can go home now.A.scrubbedB.disputedC.screwed upD.fulfilled您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第35题He said he would never be _______(greatly frightened) by big names and authorities.A.intimidatedB.timidC.limitedD.temporized您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.036．第36题And I just let loose in this emotional tirade. I just lost it. I started, I was angry. I was scared.I was in tears.A.lost my mindB.became nervousC.release, set freeD.got crazy您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.037．第37题There is a fine line between reality and illusion.A.a great distinctionB.a distinction seen only with difficulty and effortC.similarityD.difference您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.038．第38题We found a group of tradesmen following a hollow hard-headed tradition, checking out the chicks at lunch time.A.playing with the chickenB.checking the work they have doneC.Looking over the girlsD.playing a game您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.039．第39题Children who are given everything they want whenever they want it are susceptible.A.openly distrustful and unwilling to confideB.easily wounded or hurtC.easily influenced or affected by somethingD.extremely stubborn您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.040．第40题So that was my tool to find out what I was really about.A.I used to work with this kind of toolB.that helped me in getting a better understanding of myself and more confidenceC.only with this tool I can find back my confidenceD.I am totally at a loss您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.041．第41题He realized that his age might work to his advantage.A.get him away from the chanceB.help him to get the chanceC.make his effort uselessD.put him in disadvantage您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.042．第42题He is a stubborn man _______(no matter judging from what aspect).A.as a resultB.in allC.in the endD.by all accounts您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第43题The visit of the student delegation to Beijing turned out to be very successful and meaningful. We try our best to __________(encouraging) the school leaders to do it again.A.push forB.pull forC.pawn toD.hail to您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.044．第44题No one can get along well with him, for he is too __________ (obstinate)A.hard hatB.stone-heartedC.hard-headedD.hot-tempered您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.045．第45题In every way, she is a phenomenon.A.a state or processB.a leaderC.a common personD.an unusual person您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：0.046．第46题We didn’t want to see communism take over the world, and that was what we felt it was at stake at that time.A.well-knownB.popularizedC.in dangerD.safe您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.047．第47题Do any of you ever get tired of talking about this?A.not want toB.want toC.would like toD.be involved in您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.048．第48题So whenever you are feeling down, you just look up here and you go.A.You just come here and I will help youB.Here will be a perfect place for you to restartC.You need to do nothing but keep goingD.You just think about the good things, try to feel hopeful and keep going您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.049．第49题They come from all over the region where fear and security are part of everyone's daily catechism.A.daily workB.the problems encountered dailyC.questions and answers every dayD.routine jobs您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.050．第50题There is no sure-fire way to guard against affluenza.A.certain to succeedB.specificC.definiteD.effective您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.0作业总得分：75.0。
视听说1册7单元答案
4 Watch conversation 2 again and complete the sentences:
Julia This is great. It’s just like I pictured it. Look at that, isn’t it beautiful?
Rob Wow, Kate, honey! I love your school! Kate No, Dad, I’m not at Law School. I’m at university! Rob OK, honey. It’s Oxford, England – I know! … Rob Listen, honey, Grandad had a fall just before we left. Kate Oh, no! Rob It’s OK. He broke his arm but (1) _____________th__e_y_d_on’t think
Chilled is an informal way of saying relaxed. To chill out can mean to relax or calm down, especially relaxing with friends. If someone is angry or nervous you can advise them to chill out for a while. Generally or more formally chilled means cool or very cold.
In American English, college is the usual word for university and a place that gives students degrees.
高级英语视听说教程各章文本和练习答案19篇(供参考)
高级英语视听说教程各章文本和练习答案1-9篇Chapter 1 Napoleon：From Schoolboy to EmperorNapoleon was a French soldier who became emperor of France. He was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. N. wasn’t a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old, he joined the French army. In that year he began the military career that brought him fame, power, riches, and, finally, defeat. N. became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Several years later, he became the emperor of the French Empire.N. was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N. won many, many military victories. At one time he controlled most of Europe, but many countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat – his end – came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army.The great French conqueror died alone -- deserted by his family and friends – in 1821. N. was only 51 years old when he died.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. When was Napoleon born? (a)2. What kind of student was Napoleon in most of his classes? (d)3. What did Napoleon's military career bring him? (d)4. When did Napoleon become emperor of the French Empire? (d)5. One reason that Napoleon won many military victories was that his soldiers were ready to fight to the death for him. (T)6. Austria and Russia fought fiercely against Napoleon, but England did not. (F England also fought against him.)7. Many of Napoleon's family and friends were with him when he died. (F He died alone and deserted by his family and friends.)8. Napoleon died before he reached the age of 52. (T)Listening Factoid#1The cause of Napoleon's death at the age of 51 on the island of St. Helena is still a mystery. There is no doubt that a very sick man at the time of his death. One theory about the cause of his death is that he had stomach cancer. Another theory is that he was deliberately poisoned by a servant. This third theory suggests that he was poisoned, but not by his servant. This third theory suggests that that he was poisoned, accidentally by fumes from the wallpaper were analyzed and traces of arsenic were found in it. Arsenic is powerful poison that was used in some of the dyes in wallpaper during the time that Napoleon lived. More than 170 years after his death, people are still speculating about the cause of his death.Listening Factoid #21. Ten people who speak make more noise than 10,000 who are silent.2. In politics, stupidity is not a handicap.3. A man will fight harder for his interests than for his rights.4. Men of genius are meteors intended to burn to light their century.5. I know, when it is necessary, how to leave the skin of the lion to take the skin of the fox.6. History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon.7. It is success which makes great men.Chapter 2 Pompeii：Destroyed, Forgotten, and FoundToday many people who live in large metropolitan areas such as Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. They go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city noise and heat. Over 2,000 years ago, many rich Romans did the same thing. They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Romans spent their summers in the city of Pompeii. P. was a beautiful city; it was located on the ocean, on the Bay of Naples.In the year 79 C.E., a young boy who later became a very famous Roman historian was visiting his uncle in P.. The boy’s name was Pliny the Younger. One day Pliny was looking up at the sky. He saw a frightening sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose high into the sky. Rock and ash flew through the air. What Pliny saw was the eruption – the explosion -- of the volcano, Vesuvius. The city of P. was at the foot of Mt. V..When the volcano first erupted, many people were able to flee the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortunately, there was not enough time for everyone to escape. More than 2,000 people died. These unlucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash. The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P. was buried under 20 feet of volcanic rock and ash. The city of P. was buried and forgotten for 1,700 years.In the year of 1748 an Italian farmer was digging on his farm. As he was digging, he uncovered a part of a wall of the ancient city of P.. Soon archaeologists began to excavate – to dig -- in the area. As time went by, much of the ancient city of P. was uncovered. Today tourists from all over the world come to see the ruins of the famous city of Pompeii.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what time of the year did wealthy Romans like to visit Pompeii? (in the summertime)2. In what year did Pliny pay a visit to his uncle/s house in Pompeii? (in 79 C.E.)3. What did Pliny see when he was looking out over the Bay of Naples one day? (a large dark cloud)4. Where was Pompeii located in relation to Mt. Vesuvius? (Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)5. When did an Italian farmer discover a part of an ancient wall of Pompeii? {in 1748)6. Rome was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius. (F Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)7. Most of the people of Pompeii were able to flee the city and to escape death. (T)8. Pompeii was buried under two feet of volcanic ash. (F Pompeii was buried under20 feet of volcanic ash.)9. Pompeii lay buried and forgotten between 79 C.E. and 1748. (T)10. The Italian farmer was looking for the ancient city of Pompeii. (F The farmer was digging on his farm.)11. Tourists come to excavate the city of Pompeii, (F Tourists come to see the ruins of the ancient city of Pompeii.)Listening factoid #1In 1951, an Australian pilot prevented his plane form being shot down-by flak form a volcano. The plane was flying over a volcano in Papua, New Guinea when the volcano suddenly erupted. It sent ash and flak 36,000 feet into the air. Bits of stone pounded against the plane’s wings and fuselage, but the pilot kept control and flew the plane to safety. Incidentally, almost 3,000 people on the ground died as a result of the eruption of this volcano.Listening factoid #2Pliny the Younger saw the eruption of Mount Vesuvius form a distance. On the day of the eruption, the boy’s uncle Pliny the Elder was in command of a Roman fleet which was not far off the shore of Pompeii. On seeing the remarkable eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, Pliny the Elder, who was a great naturalist, sailed to shore to take a look at the eruption of the mountain. On his approach to the shore, he was met by a shower of hot cinders which grew thicker and hotter as he advanced. He finally landed on the shore, and went to a house away form the beach. He even went to sleep, but later in the night, the servants woke him up. By then, the house had begun to rock so violently that Pliny and everyone in his household left the house and went toward the beach to escape. Tying pillowcases on their heads, and using torches to light the way, they groped their way to the beach. But it was too late for Pliny the Elder. Apparently, he became tired and lay down on the ground to rest. But when he lay down on the ground, he died. His death was probably due to carbon dioxide poisoning. Since CO2 is heavier than air, it hugs the ground and makes it impossible to breathe when one is close to the ground. It is likely that others in the area also died of carbon dioxide poisoning if they lay down to rest on the ground below Mt. Vesuvius.Chapter 3 Lance Armstrong: Survivor and WinnerLance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971 in a suburb of Dallas, Texas, called Plano. Lance began running and swimming competitively when he was only 10 years old. By the time he was 13, he was competing in triathlons and won the Iron Kids Triathlon. Lance’s mother, who raised L. mostly by herself, recog nized and encouraged his competitive spirit.During his senior year in high school, L. was invited to train with the US Olympic cycling developmental team in Colorado. From that time on, L. focused completely on cycling. By 1991, L. was the US National Amateur Champion. He also won 2 major national races the same year -- even beating some professional cyclists.Although he was generally doing very well, L. had his ups and downs. In 1992, he was expected to do very well at the Barcelona Olympics, but finished in 14th place.This was a big disappointment. L. got over the disappointment and decided to turn professional. In his first professional race, the 1992 Classico San Sebastian, he ended up finishing dead last, 27 minutes behind the winner. L.’s mother continued to encourage L. through his difficult times.Things went much better for L. in the following years. In 1993, he was the youngest person to win the World Race Championships. In the same year, he entered the Tour de France for the first time. He won one stage of the race, but dropped out of the race before finishing. In 1995, he even won the Classico S. S., the race he had finished last in, in 1992. L. also won the most important US tournament, the Tour du Pont, 2 times, in both 1995 and 1996. By 1996, L. was ranked 7th among cyclists in the world, and he signed a 2-year contract with a French racing team. At that time, everything was looking very good for L.A..However, everything changed dramatically and drastically in October of 1996, shortly after his 25th birthday. At this time, L. was diagnosed with advanced cancer that had already spread to his brain and lungs. He almost immediately underwent 2 cancer surgeries. After these 2 surgeries, he was given a 50-50 chance of survival as he began an aggressive 3-month course of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy left L. very weak, but the treatment worked well. Quite soon after, L. was declared free of cancer. L. returned to cycling and training only 5 months after he was initially diagnosed with cancer. He vowed he would return to competitive cycling better than ever.However, his French cycling team dropped L. from the team. They didn’t believe that L. would ever be able to return to his former level of strength and endurance. Fortunately the US Postal Service Team became his new sponsor. With the support of the US Postal Service Team, L. returned to racing in 1998. After one particularly bad day during one of his races, L. pulled over and decided he was done with racing. However, after spending time with his really good cycling friends, L. returned to racing, and again he was off again in pursuit of cycling victories!L.’s big comeback was marked by his victory at the 1999 Tour de France. L. repeated this feat in the years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, for a total of 6 consecutive victories in the Tour de France, the most prestigious and the most grueling of all cycling contests. L.s’ Tour de France record may never be beaten or even matched. Interestingly, L. was the youngest person to win the World Cycling Championships in 1993 and the oldest person ever to win the Tour de France in 2004!In addition to his amazing athletic performance, L.A. has established the L.A. Foundation, which is devoted to providing information about cancer and support to cancer victims. He has also written a book about his life and winning the TdF, called Every Second Counts, and for L., every second has counted.L.A. gives a lot of credit for his success to his mother, whose independent spirit and support for L. inspired h im to overcome all of life’s obstacles, both on and off the racetrack. Lance, in return, has provided inspiration to many, for his courage – both athletic and personal.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. How old was Lance when he began running and swimming competitively? (b)2. Which sports contest did Lance win when he was 13 years old? (b)3. How old was Lance when he was diagnosed with advanced cancer? (c)4. What chance for survival was Lance given after he underwent two surgeries? (c)5. Who was Lance's sponsor when he won the Tour de France in 1999? (d)6. What is the name of the book that Lance wrote that is mentioned in the lecture?(b)7. Lauce’s cancer had already spread to his lungs and brain before it was diagnoised? (T)8. Lauce’s French team dropped Lauce because they didn’t think he would ever return to his former level of strength and endurance. (T)9. Lauce won the Classico San Sebastian two times. (F He lost the first time and won the second time.)10. Lauce is the only cyclist to win the Tour de France five times consecutively. (F Lauce is the only person to win the Tour de France six times consecutively.) Listening factoid #1Amazingly enough, the bicycle is a more efficient mean of transportation than any other method of traveling. It takes much less energy to bicycle one mile than it does to walk one mile. In fact, it can take up to five times as much energy to walk a mile than to bicycle a mile. If we compare the amount of energy a human being uses to bicycle three miles, or about 5 kilometers, we find this amount of energy would power a car for only about 278 feet, or 85 meters.Listening factoid #2According to Professor Steve Jones, the three most important inventions in the history of mankind were fire, speech, and the bicycle. He says that the invention of fire freed human being from the power of climate, dangerous animals, and monotonous diets. The invention of speech meant that human being s could begin to build civilization. And the invention of the bicycle –by which he really means modern transportation in general- meant that groups of human beings were no longer isolated, but could travel great distances. Being able to travel much more freely meant that there could never again be more than one species of human beings as there had been in ancient times.Chapter 4 The Internet: How it WorksThe Internet consists of millions of computers, all linked together into a gigantic network. Now every computer that is connected to the Internet is part of this network and can communicate with any other connected computer.In order to communicate with each other, these computers are equipped with special communication software. To connect to the Internet, the user instructs the compute r’s communication software to contact the Internet Service Provider, or ISP. Now an Internet Service Provider, or ISP, is a company that provides Internet service to individuals, organizations, or companies, usually for a monthly charge. Local ISPs connect to larger ISPs, which in turn connect to even larger ISPs. A hierarchy ofnetworks is formed. And this hierarchy is something like a pyramid, with lots of small networks at the bottom, and fewer but larger networks moving up the pyramid. But, amazingly, there is no one single controlling network at the top. Instead, there are dozens of high-level networks, which agree to connect with each other. It is through this process that everyone on the Internet is able to connect with everyone else on the Internet, no matter where he or she is in the world.How does information that leaves one computer travel through all of these networks, and arrives at its destination, another computer, in a fraction of a second?The process depends on routers. Now routers are specialized computers whose job is to direct the information through the networks. The data, or information, in an e-mail message, a Web page, or a file is first broken down into tiny packets. Each of these packets has the address of the sender and of the receiver, and information on how to put the packets back together. Each of these packets is then sent off through the Internet. And when a packet reaches a router, the router reads its destination address. And the router then decides the best route to send the packet on its way to its destination. All the packets might take the same route or they might go different routes. Finally, when all the packets reach their destination, they are put back into the correct order.To help you understand this process, I’m going to ask you to think of these packets of information as electronic postcards. Now imagine that you want to send a friend a book, but you can send it only as postcards. First, you would have to cup up each of the pages of the book to the size of the postcards. Next, you would need to write your address and the address of your friend on each of these postcards. You would also need to number the postcards so that your friend could put them in the correct order after he receives the postcards. After completing these steps, you would put all the postcards in the mail. You would have no way to know how each postcard traveled to reach your friend. Some might go by truck , some by train, some by plane, some by boat. Some might go by all 4 ways. Now along the way, many postal agents may look at the addresses on the postcards in order to decide the best route to send them off on to reach their destination. The postcards would probably arrive at different times. But finally, after all of the postcards had arrived, your friend would be able to put them back in the correct order and read the book.Now this is the same way that information is sent over the Internet using the network of routers, but of course it happens much, much faster!PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What is the Internet? (d)2. What is a router? (c)3. What is carried on every tiny packet of information that travels through the Internet? (d)4. What is a router compared to in the lecture? (b)5. The Internet is controlled by one gigantic ISP. (F There is no one controlling network at the top)6. Routers can send the packets of information in one e-mail massage over many different routes to their destination. (T)7. The lecturer compares the tiny packets of information that travel through the Internet to electronic postcards. (T)Listening factoid #1Jeff Hancock, a scientist at Cornell University, asked 30 students to keep a communication diary for a week. The students wrote down the numbers of conversations they had either face-to-face or on the telephone and the number of e-mail exchanges they had, both regular e-mails and instant messages, that lasted more than 10 minutes. They also wrote down the number of lies they had told in each conversation or e-mail exchange. When Jeff Hancock analyzed the students’ communication records, he found that lies made up 14 percent of e-mails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face conversations, and 37 percent of phone calls.His findings surprised some psychologists, who thought it would be easier to lie in e-mail than in real-time conversations. One explanation is that people are less likely to lie when there will be a record of their lies, such as in an e-mail.Listening factoid #2If you have an e-mail account, you have no doubt been spammed. That is, you have received unsolicited e-mail from someone you don’t know, someone who is usually trying to sell you something!Most people say that they hate spam. For many people, spam mail is just a nuisance, but for businesses it’s very expensive, as their employee waste considerable working time going through and deleting span. According to Message Labs, a company that provides e-mail security, 76% of the world’s e-mail is spam and it costs businesses approximately $12 billion dollars a year. According to a survey by Commtouch Software, another anti-spam company, in the last few months the number of spam attacks increased by 43%. Their report predicts that within two years, 98% of all e-mail will be spam!Chapter 5 Language: How Children Acquire TheirsWhat I’d lie to talk to you about today is the topic of child language development. I know that you all are trying to develop a second language, but for a moment, let’s think about a related topic, and that is: How children develop their first language. What do we know about how babies develop their language and communication ability? Well, we know babies are able to communicate as soon as they are born―even before they learn to speak their first language. At first, they communicate by crying. This crying lets their parents know when they are hungry, or unhappy, or uncomfortable. However, they soon begin the process of acquiring their language. The first state of language acquisition begins just a few weeks after birth. At this stage, babies start to make cooing noises when they are happy. Then, around four months of age they begin to babble. Babies all over the world begin to babble around the same age, and they all begin to make the same kinds of babbling noises. Now, by the time they are ten months old, however, the babbling of babies from different language backgrounds sounds different. For example, the babbling of ababy in a Chinese-speaking home sounds different from the babbling of a baby in an English-speaking home. Babies begin a new stage of language development when they begin to speak their first words. At first, they invent their own words for things. For example, a baby in an English-speaking home may say “baba” for the word “bottle” or “kiki” for “cat.” In the next few months, babies will acquire a lot of words. These words are usually the names of things that are in the baby’s environment, words for food or toys, for example. They will begin to use these words to communicate with others. For example, if a baby holds up an empty juice bottle and then says “juice,” to his father, the baby seems to be saying, “I want more juice, Daddy” or “May I have more juice, Daddy?” This word “juice” is really a one-word sentence.Now, the next stage of language acquisition begins around the age of 18 months, when the babies begin to say two-word sentences. They begin to use a kind of grammar to put these words together. The speech they produce is called “telegraphic” speech because the babies omit all but the most essential words. An English-speaking child might say something like “Daddy, up” which actually could mean “Daddy, pick me up, please.” Then, between two and three years of age, young children begin to learn more and more grammar. For example, they begin to use the past tense of verbs. The children begin to say things such as “I walked home” and “I kissed Mommy.” They also begin to overgeneralize this new grammar rule and make a log of grammar mistakes. For example, children often s ay such thins as “I goed to bed” instead of “I went to bed,” or “I eated ice cream” instead of “I ate ice cream.” In other words, the children have learned the past tense rule for regular verbs such as “walk” and “kiss,” but they haven’t learned that they cannot use this rule for all verbs. Some verbs like “eat” are irregular, and the past tense forms for irregular verbs must be learned individually. Anyway, these mistakes are normal, and the children will soon learn to use the past tense for regular and irregular verbs correctly. The children then continue to learn other grammatical structures in the same way.If we stop to think about it, actually it’s quite amazing how quickly babies and children all over the world learn their language and how similar the process is for babies all over the world.Do you remember anything about how you learned your first language during the early years of your life? Think about the process for a minute. What was your first word? Was it “mama” or maybe “papa”? Now think al so about the process of learning English as a second language. Can you remember the first word you learned in English? I doubt that it was “mama.” Now, think about some of the similarities and differences involved in the processes of child and adult langua ge learning. We’ll talk about some similarities and differences in the first and second language learning processes tomorrow. See you then.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what age do babies begin to communicate? (a)2. Which of the following is an example of “telegraphic” speech? (b)3. At what age do children begin to use the past tense? (c)4. At four months of age the babbling of babies sounds the same all over the world. (T)5. A baby’s f irst words are usually words that he or she inverts. (T)6. A child uses only vocabulary and no grammar before about two years of age. (F He/she actually used a kind of grammar in making two-word sentences at about 18months of age.)7. Children probably sa y “I goed” instead of “I went” because they hear their parents say this. (F Children say “I goed” instead of “I went” because they are overgeneralizing the grammar rule for the regular past tense verbs to the irregular verb “go.”)Listening Factoid #1Have you ever wondered about what the world's original language was? Or whether children would begin to speak if they never heard language? Well, more than 2,500 years ago, an Egyptian pharaoh asked himself the same questions. He had the idea that children who didn't hear adults speaking any language would begin to speak the world's "original language." So he had two newborn babies of poor parents taken away from them. He gave the babies to a shepherd to take care of. No one was allowed to speak to them. About two years later, the shepherd reported to the pharaoh that the children were making a sound like "bekos." This sound "bekos" sounded like the word for bread in the Phrygian language, so the pharaoh concluded that Phrygian was the original language in the world. There was only one problem with the pharaoh's conclusion. He overlooked the fact that "bekos" sounded very much like the noise that sheep make!Listening factoid #2Do you know that grownups use baby talk? Why? To help babies learn to speak David Sacks, a linguist, says that, "babies in their first year of life learn to speak-first in baby talk, then with the rudiments of genuine vocabulary-by imitating the speech sounds they hear around them. (Often these sounds are addressed to the baby in an exaggerated, singsong form; for example, "How did you sleeeep? " which apparently helps the child to learn.) But some scholars have theorized that language in the nursery is partly a two-way street and that certain family-related words in English and other tongues were formed originally-perhaps prehistorically-in imitation of baby talk. Such words are easy for babies to pronounce. The parent will say to the baby, "Say dada" and so the word "dada" retains a secure place in the language. What are these words that are easy to say? While the words vary from language to language, in English they are some of the "ba," "da," "ma," and “pa" words.The earliest speech sounds out of an infant's mouth, sometimes as early as the second month of life, might typically be pure vowels. The sounds "ah," "ee," and "oo" are said to predominate among babies all over the world, with "ah " as the earliest and most frequent sound. The infant's next step, usually begun before four months of age, is to float a consonant sound in front of the vowel: "ma-ma-ma," the sound of pure baby talk.Chapter 6 Hydroponic Aquaculture: How One System Works。
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Chapter 1 Napoleon：From Schoolboy to EmperorNapoleon was a French soldier who became emperor of France. He was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. N. wasn’t a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old, he joined the French army. In that year he began the military career that brought him fame, power, riches, and, finally, defeat. N. became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Several years later, he became the emperor of the French Empire.N. was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N. won many, many military victories.At one time he controlled most of Europe, but many countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat –his end –came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army.The great French conqueror died alone -- deserted by his family and friends – in 1821. N. was only 51 years old when he died.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. When was Napoleon born (a)2. What kind of student was Napoleon in most of his classes (d)3. What did Napoleon's military career bring him (d)4. When did Napoleon become emperor of the French Empire (d)5. One reason that Napoleon won many military victories was that his soldiers were ready to fight to the death for him. (T)6. Austria and Russia fought fiercely against Napoleon, but England did not. (F England also fought against him.)7. Many of Napoleon's family and friends were with him when he died. (F He died alone and deserted by his family and friends.)8. Napoleon died before he reached the age of 52. (T)Chapter 2 Pompeii：Destroyed, Forgotten, and FoundToday many people who live in large metropolitan areas such as Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. They go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city noise and heat. Over 2,000 years ago, many rich Romans did the same thing. They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Romans spent their summers in the city of Pompeii. P. was a beautiful city; it was located on the ocean, on the Bay of Naples.In the year 79 ., a young boy who later became a very famous Roman historian was visiting his uncle in P.. The boy’s name was P liny the Younger. One day Pliny was looking up at the sky. He saw a frightening sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose high into the sky. Rock and ash flew through the air. What Pliny saw was the eruption – the explosion -- of the volcano, Vesuvius. The city of P. was at the foot of Mt. V..When the volcano first erupted, many people were able to flee the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortunately, there was not enough time for everyone to escape. More than 2,000 people died. These unlucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash. The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P. was buried under 20 feet of volcanic rock and ash. The city of P. was buried and forgotten for 1,700 years.In the year of 1748 an Italian farmer was digging on his farm. As he was digging, he uncovered apart of a wall of the ancient city of P.. Soon archaeologists began to excavate –to dig -- in the area. As time went by, much of the ancient city of P. was uncovered. Today tourists from all over the world come to see the ruins of the famous city of Pompeii.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what time of the year did wealthy Romans like to visit Pompeii (in the summertime)2. In what year did Pliny pay a visit to his uncle/s house in Pompeii (in 79 .)3. What did Pliny see when he was looking out over the Bay of Naples one day (a large dark cloud)4. Where was Pompeii located in relation to Mt. Vesuvius (Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)5. When did an Italian farmer discover a part of an ancient wall of Pompeii {in 1748)6. Rome was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius. (F Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)7. Most of the people of Pompeii were able to flee the city and to escape death. (T)8. Pompeii was buried under two feet of volcanic ash. (F Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of volcanic ash.)9. Pompeii lay buried and forgotten between 79 . and 1748. (T)10. The Italian farmer was looking for the ancient city of Pompeii. (F The farmer was digging on his farm.)11. Tourists come to excavate the city of Pompeii, (F Tourists come to see the ruins of the ancient city of Pompeii.)Chapter 3 Lance Armstrong: Survivor and WinnerLance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971 in a suburb of Dallas, Texas, called Plano. Lance began running and swimming competitively when he was only 10 years old. By the time he was 13, he was competing in triat hlons and won the Iron Kids Triathlon. Lance’s mother, who raised L. mostly by herself, recognized and encouraged his competitive spirit.During his senior year in high school, L. was invited to train with the US Olympic cycling developmental team in Colorado. From that time on, L. focused completely on cycling. By 1991, L. was the US National Amateur Champion. He also won 2 major national races the same year -- even beating some professional cyclists.Although he was generally doing very well, L. had his ups and downs. In 1992, he was expected to do very well at the Barcelona Olympics, but finished in 14th place. This was a big disappointment. L. got over the disappointment and decided to turn professional. In his first professional race, the 1992 Classic o San Sebastian, he ended up finishing dead last, 27 minutes behind the winner. L.’s mother continued to encourage L. through his difficult times.Things went much better for L. in the following years. In 1993, he was the youngest person to win the World Race Championships. In the same year, he entered the Tour de France for the first time. He won one stage of the race, but dropped out of the race before finishing. In 1995, he even won the Classico S. S., the race he had finished last in, in 1992. L. also won the most important US tournament, the Tour du Pont, 2 times, in both 1995 and 1996. By 1996, L. was ranked 7th among cyclists in the world, and he signed a 2-year contract with a French racing team. At that time, everything was looking very good for ..However, everything changed dramatically and drastically in October of 1996, shortly after his 25th birthday. At this time, L. was diagnosed with advanced cancer that had already spread to his brain and lungs. He almost immediately underwent 2 cancer surgeries. After these 2 surgeries, he was given a 50-50 chance of survival as he began an aggressive 3-month course of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy left L. very weak, but the treatment worked well. Quite soon after, L. was declared free of cancer. L. returnedto cycling and training only 5 months after he was initially diagnosed with cancer. He vowed he would return to competitive cycling better than ever.However, his French cycling team dropped L. from the team. They didn’t believe that L. would ever be able to return to his former level of strength and endurance. Fortunately the US Postal Service Team became his new sponsor. With the support of the US Postal Service Team, L. returned to racing in 1998. After one particularly bad day during one of his races, L. pulled over and decided he was done with racing. However, after spending time with his really good cycling friends, L. returned to racing, and again he was off again in pursuit of cycling victories!L.’s big comeback was marked by his victory at th e 1999 Tour de France. L. repeated this feat in the years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, for a total of 6 consecutive victories in the Tour de France, the most prestigious and the most grueling of all cycling contests. ’ Tour de France record may never be beaten or even matched. Interestingly, L. was the youngest person to win the World Cycling Championships in 1993 and the oldest person ever to win the Tour de France in 2004!In addition to his amazing athletic performance, . has established the . Foundation, which is devoted to providing information about cancer and support to cancer victims. He has also written a book about his life and winning the TdF, called Every Second Counts, and for L., every second has counted.. gives a lot of credit for his success to his mother, whose independent spirit and support for L. inspired him to overcome all of life’s obstacles, both on and off the racetrack. Lance, in return, has provided inspiration to many, for his courage – both athletic and personal.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. How old was Lance when he began running and swimming competitively (b)2. Which sports contest did Lance win when he was 13 years old (b)3. How old was Lance when he was diagnosed with advanced cancer (c)4. What chance for survival was Lance given after he underwent two surgeries (c)5. Who was Lance's sponsor when he won the Tour de France in 1999 (d)6. What is the name of the book that Lance wrote that is mentioned in the lecture (b)7. Lauce’s cancer had already spread to his lungs and brain before it was diagnoised (T)8. Lauce’s French team dropped Lauce because they didn’t think he would ever return to his former level of strength and endurance. (T)9. Lauce won the Classico San Sebastian two times. (F He lost the first time and won the second time.)10. Lauce is the only cyclist to win the Tour de France five times consecutively. (F Lauce is the only person to win the Tour de France six times consecutively.)Chapter 4 The Internet: How it WorksThe Internet consists of millions of computers, all linked together into a gigantic network. Now every computer that is connected to the Internet is part of this network and can communicate with any other connected computer.In order to communicate with each other, these computers are equipped with special communication software. To connect to the Internet, the user instructs the computer’s communication software to contact the Internet Service Provider, or ISP. Now an Internet Service Provider, or ISP, is a company that provides Internet service to individuals, organizations, or companies, usually for a monthly charge. Local ISPs connect to larger ISPs, which in turn connect to even larger ISPs. A hierarchy of networks is formed. And this hierarchy is something like a pyramid, with lots of small networks at the bottom, and fewer but larger networks moving up the pyramid. But, amazingly, there is no one single controlling network at the top. Instead, there are dozens of high-level networks, which agree to connect with each other.It is through this process that everyone on the Internet is able to connect with everyone else on the Internet, no matter where he or she is in the world.How does information that leaves one computer travel through all of these networks, and arrives at its destination, another computer, in a fraction of a secondThe process depends on routers. Now routers are specialized computers whose job is to direct the information through the networks. The data, or information, in an e-mail message, a Web page, or a file is first broken down into tiny packets. Each of these packets has the address of the sender and of the receiver, and information on how to put the packets back together. Each of these packets is then sent off through the Internet. And when a packet reaches a router, the router reads its destination address. And the router then decides the best route to send the packet on its way to its destination. All the packets might take the same route or they might go different routes. Finally, when all the packets reach their destination, they are put back into the correct order.To help you understand this process, I’m going to ask you to think of these packets of information as electronic postcards. Now imagine that you want to send a friend a book, but you can send it only as postcards. First, you would have to cup up each of the pages of the book to the size of the postcards. Next, you would need to write your address and the address of your friend on each of these postcards. You would also need to number the postcards so that your friend could put them in the correct order after he receives the postcards. After completing these steps, you would put all the postcards in the mail. You would have no way to know how each postcard traveled to reach your friend. Some might go by truck , some by train, some by plane, some by boat. Some might go by all 4 ways. Now along the way, many postal agents may look at the addresses on the postcards in order to decide the best route to send them off on to reach their destination. The postcards would probably arrive at different times. But finally, after all of the postcards had arrived, your friend would be able to put them back in the correct order and read the book.Now this is the same way that information is sent over the Internet using the network of routers, but of course it happens much, much faster!PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What is the Internet (d)2. What is a router (c)3. What is carried on every tiny packet of information that travels through the Internet (d)4. What is a router compared to in the lecture (b)5. The Internet is controlled by one gigantic ISP. (F There is no one controlling network at the top)6. Routers can send the packets of information in one e-mail massage over many different routes to their destination. (T)7. The lecturer compares the tiny packets of information that travel through the Internet to electronic postcards. (T)Chapter 5 Language: How Children Acquire TheirsWhat I’d lie to talk to you about today is the topic of child language development. I know that you all are trying to develop a second language, but for a moment, let’s think about a related topic, and that is: How children develop their first language. What do we know about how babies develop their language and communication ability Well, we know babies are able to communicate as soon as they are born―even before they learn to speak their first language. At first, they communicate by crying. This crying lets their parents know when they are hungry, or unhappy, or uncomfortable. However, they soon begin the process of acquiring their language. The first state of language acquisition begins just a few weeks after birth.At this stage, babies start to make cooing noises when they are happy. Then, around four months of age they begin to babble. Babies all over the world begin to babble around the same age, and they all begin to make the same kinds of babbling noises. Now, by the time they are ten months old, however, the babbling of babies from different language backgrounds sounds different. For example, the babbling of a baby in a Chinese-speaking home sounds different from the babbling of a baby in an English-speaking home. Babies begin a new stage of language development when they begin to speak their first words. At first, they invent their own words for things. For example, a baby in an English-speaking home may say “baba” for the word “bottle” or “kiki” for “cat.” In the next few months, babies will acquire a lot of words. These words are usually the names of things that are in the baby’s environment, words for food or toys, for example. They will begin to use these words to communicate with others. For example, if a baby holds up an empty juice bottle and then says “juice,” to his father, the baby seems to be saying, “I want more juice, Daddy” or “May I have more juice, Daddy” This word “juice” is really a one-word sentence.Now, the next stage of language acquisition begins around the age of 18 months, when the babies begin to say two-word sentences. They begin to use a kind of grammar to put these words together. The speech they produce is called “telegraphic” speech because the babies omit all but the most essential words. An English-speaking child might say something like “Daddy, up” which actually could mean “Daddy, pick me up, please.” Then, between two and three years of age, young children begin to learn more and more grammar. For example, they begin to use the past tense of verbs. The children begin to say things such as “I walked home” and “I kissed Mommy.” They also begin to overgeneralize this new grammar rule and make a log of grammar mistakes. For example, children often say such thins as “I goed to bed” instead of “I went to bed,” or “I eated ice cream” instead of “I ate ice cream.” In other words, the children have learned the past tense rule for regular verbs such as “walk” and “kiss,” but they haven’t learned that they cannot use this rule for all verbs. Some verbs like “eat” are irregular, and the past tense forms for irregular verbs must be learned individually. Anyway, these mistakes are normal, and the children will soon learn to use the past tense for regular and irregular verbs correctly. The children then continue to learn other grammatical structures in the same way.If we stop to think about it, actually it’s quite amazing how quickly babies and children all over the world learn their language and how similar the process is for babies all over the world.Do you remember anything about how you learned your first language during the early years of your life Think about the process for a minute. What was your first word Was it “mama” or maybe “papa” Now think also about the process of learning English as a second language. Can you remember the first word you learned in English I doubt that it was “mama.” Now, think about some of the similarities and differences involved in the processes of child and adult language learning. We’ll talk a bout some similarities and differences in the first and second language learning processes tomorrow. See you then.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what age do babies begin to communicate (a)2. Which of the following is an example of “telegraphic” speech (b)3. At what age do children begin to use the past tense (c)4. At four months of age the babbling of babies sounds the same all over the world. (T)5. A baby’s first words are usually words that he or she inverts. (T)6. A child uses only vocabulary and no grammar before about two years of age. (F He/she actually useda kind of grammar in making two-word sentences at about 18months of age.)7. Children probably say “I goed” instead of “I went” because they hear their parents say this. (F Children say “I goed” instead of “I went” because they are overgeneralizing the grammar rule for the regular past tense verbs to the irregular verb “go.”)Chapter 7 A Tidal Wave: What Is It What Causes It How Can We Predict ItA tidal wave is a very large and very destructive wall of water that rushes in from the ocean toward the shore. Many scientists call these waves tsunami. In Japanese tsunami means “storm wave.” But do you know that tidal waves are not caused by storms and that they are not true tides at all A true tide is the regular rise and fall of ocean waters, at definite times each day, but a tidal wave comes rushing in suddenly and unexpectedly. A tidal wave is caused by an underwater earthquake. Scientists call the underwater earthquake a seaquake. The word “seaquake” is made up of two words, the word “sea” which means “ocean” and the word “quake.” “To quake” means “to shake” or “to tremble.” When a seaquake takes place at the bottom of the ocean, the ocean floor shakes and trembles, and sometimes the ocean floor shift s. It is this shifting that produces the tidal wave. The tidal wave begins to move across the sea at great speed.Tidal waves have taken many human lives in the past. Today scientists can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. They use a seismograph to do this. A seismograph is an instrument that records the strength, the direction, and the length of time of an earthquake or seaquake. It is not possible to hold back a tidal wave, but it is possible to warn people that a tidal wave is coming. This warning can save many lives.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy2. They can predict when a tidal wave will hit land. (c)3. It is caused by a seaquake. (d)4. It is a synonym for "underwater earthquake." (b)5. During a seaquake, it shakes, trembles, and sometimes shifts. (e)6. It records the strength, the direction, and the length of time of earthquakes. (f)Chapter 8 Levels of Language Usage: Formal and InformalToday I want to talk about levels of language usage. You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two broad, general categories, or levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English in no exception. I’m not talking about correct and incorrect English. What I’m talking about are two levels of correct English. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books such as encyclopedias, and in business letters. For example, a letter to a university would be in a formal style. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. People usually use formal English when they give classroom lectures or speeches and at ceremonies such as graduations. We also tend to use formal language in conversations w ith persons we don’t know well or with people we have a formal relationship with, such as professors, bosses, doctors, friends of our parents’, strangers, etc. Informal language is used in conversation with colleagues, family, and friends, and when we write personal notes or letters to close friends, as well as in diaries, etc.Formal language is different from informal language in several ways. However, today I’m going to talk only about a couple of ways. First of all, formal language tends to be more polite. Interestingly, it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or family member, “Close the door, please,” but to a stranger or someone in authority I probably would say “Would you mind closing the door” or “Excuse me, could you please close the door” Using words like “could”and “would” makes my request sound more polite, but also more formal. I want to be polite but not too formal with my friends and family.Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the vocabulary. There are some words and phrases that belong in formal language and others that are informal. Let me give you a couple of examples of what I mean. Let’s say that I really like soccer. If I’m talking to my friend or colleague I mi ght say “I’m just crazy about soccer!” But if I were talking to my supervisor or a friend of my parents’, I would probably say “ I really enjoy soccer” or “I like soccer very much.” Let’s say I’m telling someone some news I heard about the police arresting a criminal. To my friend I might say, “The cops bagged the crook.” To my parents’ friend I might say “The police arrested the thief.”Although the line between formal and informal language is not always clear and although people are probably less formal today than in the past, it is useful to be aware that these two levels, or categories, do exist. The best way for a nonnative speaker of English to learn the difference is to observe the different ways English speakers speak or write in different situations. Television newscasters, your college professors in your class, your doctors in their offices, etc., will usually speak rather formally. However, your classmates, teammates, family members, and friends will generally speak in an informal fashion. The difference can be learned over time by observing and interacting with native speakers.PostlisteningA. Comprehension check1. Recognizing information and checking accuracy1. Which of the following are usually written in formal English (b)2. Which of the following people do we usually speak to in informal language (d)3. Which of the following is the most formal way to make a request (d)4. Which of the following should not be in a composition you write in school (b)5. It's unusual to find both a formal and informal level of usage in a language. (F All languages have two broad, general categories, or levels of usage: formal and informal.)6. People usually use formal language when they first meet someone. (T)7. The sentence "Mary is crazy about that music" would be acceptable in a conversation between classmates. (T)8. The best way to learn the difference between formal and informal English is to look up every new word in the dictionary. (F The best way is to pay attention to how native speakers use language in different situations and to interact with them.)Chapter9 Power: The Kinds People Use and AbuseJohn Mack, who is the author of a book about power, says that the need for a sense of personal power is one of the primary forces in human life. On the other hand, he also says that a feeling of powerlessness is one of the most disturbing of human emotions ―a feeling to be avoided at all costs. Just what is powerPsychologists define power as the ability to determine or to change the actions or behavior of other people. Psychologists are trying to identify different kinds of power so that they can better understand how people use these different kinds of power to gain control over other people. They are trying to understand how people manipulate other people for good and evil purposes. Psychologists have identified five basic types of power, and I’d like to talk about each of these briefly in the next few minutes.The first type of power is called information power. Some psychologist believe that information power is one of the most effective types of power and control. The person who has information that other people want and need, but do not have, is in a position of power. Why is this Well, most people like to receive and have information. Havin g information increases a person’s own sense of power. People who provide information can manipulate those who do not have information. Often, when people receive information, they do not know that they are being manipulated by those who provided the information. The psychologist named Edwards says, for example, that newspapers provide a lot of information to their readers, and thatthese newspaper readers generally believe the information they read. Readers do not question the accuracyof the reports about world events they read in the newspapers.A second type of power is called referent power. For example, a person may want to behave like the members of a particular group, such as a soccer team ( or a group of classmates), or a person may identifywith and want to be like a certain teacher, a friend, or say , a rock star. If you identify with another person, that person has power over you, and that person can influence your actions and behavior. Many people imitate and are controlled by the people they identify with. Let me give you a sad example ofthe use of this type of power for evil purposes. In the 1970s in Jonestown, Guyana, more than 900 people committed suicide when their religious leader Jim Jones told them to kill themselves. They did what hetold them to do because he had referent power over them. They identified with him; they believe him,and they did what he told them to do. More recently a man named David Koresh controlled the lives and destinies of a small community of men, women, and children in Waco, Texas. Most people in his communitydied in a fire, along with their leader, during a confrontation with . government agents.A third kind of power is classified as legitimate power. Government officials, according to Edwards,have a lot of legitimate power. When the government decides to raise taxes or make people go to war,most people will do what their government officials tell them to do. One psychologist reported on an experiment that showed an example of this type of power. In this experiment, a researcher asked peopleon the street to move away from a bus stop. When he was dressed as a civilian, few people moved awayfrom the bus stop. When the researcher was dressed as a guard, most people moved away from the bus stop.The guard’s un iform seemed to give the researcher a look of legitimate power.A fourth kind of power is called expert power. An expert is a person who is very skilled in some area, such as sports, or who knows a lot about something, such as computers. Most people are impressedby the skills or knowledge of an expert. Some of these “experts” use their skills at playing sportsor knowing about computers to gain power and influence ―and to gain money or admiration, according to Edwards. In other words, they use their expertise to gain power.Finally, reward or coercive power is used by people who have the power to reward or punish another person’s actions or behavior. Giving a reward will change people’s behavior because it offers peoplea chance for gain. Giving a punishment may or may not cause the people to do what the powerful personwants them to do, but the changes may not last for a long time. The person who uses coercive power mayalso have to carefully watch that the less powerful person does, in fact, change his or her actions or behavior.To sum up, then, power may be gained in many ways. It may come from having information that other people want or need; it may come from being a referent for other people to identify with or to imitate;it may come from having an official, or legitimate, position of authority; it may come from having skillsor expertise; or it may come from having the power to reward or punish people. We all exercise one ormore of these various kinds of power over other people, and other people will try to exercise one ormore of these kinds of power over us throughout our lives.Postlistening1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What kind of power do newspapers provide to those who read them (d)2. If a teenager wishes to act like a favorite rock singer, which type of power does that singer haveover the teenager (b)3. Which kind of power may or may not lead to changes that the person in power wants and requires (a)4. When a government decides to raise taxes on a product like gas, what kind of power is being wielded(c)5. Some psychologists believe that information power is one of the most effective types of power. (Iheard it.)6. If a young person wants to act like an older sister, the older sister is a referent of identification.。
英语高级视听说答案
Mako Shark
Hammerhead Shark
Bull shark
Whale shark
Hunting Sharks
Man killed by Sharks
Seals
Pre-listening Questions
高级英语视听说教程各章文本和练习答案1_9篇
高级英语视听说教程各章文本和练习答案1-9篇Chapter 1 Napoleon：From Schoolboy to EmperorNapoleon was a French soldier who became emperor of France. He was born in 1769 on the island of Corsica. When he was only 10 years old, his father sent him to military school in France. N. wasn’t a very good student in most of his classes, but he excelled in mathematics and military science. When he was 16 years old, he joined the French army. In that year he began the military career that brought him fame, power, riches, and, finally, defeat. N. became a general in the French army at the young age of 24. Several years later, he became the emperor of the French Empire.N. was many things. He was, first of all, a brilliant military leader. His soldiers were ready to die for him. As a result, N. won many, many military victories. At one time he controlled most of Europe, but many countries, including England, Russia, and Austria fought fiercely against him. His defeat – his end – came when he decided to attack Russia. In this military campaign against Russia, he lost most of his army.The great French conqueror died alone -- deserted by his family and friends – in 1821. N. was only 51 years old when he died.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. When was Napoleon born? (a)2. What kind of student was Napoleon in most of his classes? (d)3. What did Napoleon's military career bring him? (d)4. When did Napoleon become emperor of the French Empire? (d)5. One reason that Napoleon won many military victories was that his soldiers were ready to fight to the death for him. (T)6. Austria and Russia fought fiercely against Napoleon, but England did not.(F England also fought against him.)7. Many of Napoleon's family and friends were with him when he died. (F He died alone and deserted by his family and friends.)8. Napoleon died before he reached the age of 52. (T)Listening Factoid#1The cause of Napoleon's death at the age of 51 on the island of St. Helena is still a mystery. There is no doubt that a very sick man at the time of his death. One theory about the cause of his death is that he had stomach cancer. Another theory is that he was deliberately poisoned by a servant. This third theory suggests that he was poisoned, but not by his servant. This third theory suggests that that he was poisoned, accidentally by fumes from the wallpaper were analyzed and traces of arsenic were found in it. Arsenic is powerful poison that was used in some of the dyes in wallpaper during the time that Napoleon lived. More than 170 years after his death, people are stillspeculating about the cause of his death.Listening Factoid #21. Ten people who speak make more noise than 10,000 who are silent.2. In politics, stupidity is not a handicap.3. A man will fight harder for his interests than for his rights.4. Men of genius are meteors intended to burn to light their century.5. I know, when it is necessary, how to leave the skin of the lion to take the skin of the fox.6. History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon.7. It is success which makes great men.Chapter 2 Pompeii：Destroyed, Forgotten, and FoundToday many people who live in large metropolitan areas such as Paris and New York leave the city in the summer. They go to the mountains or to the seashore to escape the city noise and heat. Over 2,000 years ago, many rich Romans did the same thing. They left the city of Rome in the summer. Many of these wealthy Romans spent their summers in the city of Pompeii. P. was a beautiful city; it was located on the ocean, on the Bay of Naples.In the year 79 C.E., a young boy who later became a very famous Roman historian was visiting his uncle in P.. The boy’s name was Pliny the Younger.One day Pliny was looking up at the sky. He saw a frightening sight. It was a very large dark cloud. This black cloud rose high into the sky. Rock and ash flew through the air. What Pliny saw was the eruption – the explosion -- of the volcano, Vesuvius. The city of P. was at the foot of Mt. V..When the volcano first erupted, many people were able to flee the city and to escape death. In fact, 18,000 people escaped the terrible disaster. Unfortunately, there was not enough time for everyone to escape. More than 2,000 people died. These unlucky people were buried alive under the volcanic ash. The eruption lasted for about 3 days. When the eruption was over, P. was buried under 20 feet of volcanic rock and ash. The city of P. was buried and forgotten for 1,700 years.In the year of 1748 an Italian farmer was digging on his farm. As he was digging, he uncovered a part of a wall of the ancient city of P.. Soon archaeologists began to excavate – to dig -- in the area. As time went by, much of the ancient city of P. was uncovered. Today tourists from all over the world come to see the ruins of the famous city of Pompeii.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what time of the year did wealthy Romans like to visit Pompeii? (in the summertime)2. In what year did Pliny pay a visit to his uncle/s house in Pompeii? (in 79 C.E.)3. What did Pliny see when he was looking out over the Bay of Naples one day? (a large dark cloud)4. Where was Pompeii located in relation to Mt. Vesuvius? (Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)5. When did an Italian farmer discover a part of an ancient wall of Pompeii? {in 1748)6. Rome was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius. (F Pompeii was located at the foot of Mt. Vesuvius.)7. Most of the people of Pompeii were able to flee the city and to escape death. (T)8. Pompeii was buried under two feet of volcanic ash. (F Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of volcanic ash.)9. Pompeii lay buried and forgotten between 79 C.E. and 1748. (T)10. The Italian farmer was looking for the ancient city of Pompeii. (F The farmer was digging on his farm.)11. Tourists come to excavate the city of Pompeii, (F Tourists come to see the ruins of the ancient city of Pompeii.)Listening factoid #1In 1951, an Australian pilot prevented his plane form being shot down-by flak form a volcano. The plane was flying over a volcano in Papua, NewGuinea when the volcano suddenly erupted. It sent ash and flak 36,000 feet into the air. Bits of stone pounded against the plane’s wings and fuselage, but the pilot kept control and flew the plane to safety. Incidentally, almost 3,000 people on the ground died as a result of the eruption of this volcano. Listening factoid #2Pliny the Younger saw the eruption of Mount Vesuvius form a distance. On the day of the eruption, the boy’s uncle Pliny the Elder was in command of a Roman fleet which was not far off the shore of Pompeii. On seeing the remarkable eruption of Mt. Vesuvius, Pliny the Elder, who was a great naturalist, sailed to shore to take a look at the eruption of the mountain. On his approach to the shore, he was met by a shower of hot cinders which grew thicker and hotter as he advanced. He finally landed on the shore, and went to a house away form the beach. He even went to sleep, but later in the night, the servants woke him up. By then, the house had begun to rock so violently that Pliny and everyone in his household left the house and went toward the beach to escape. Tying pillowcases on their heads, and using torches to light the way, they groped their way to the beach. But it was too late for Pliny the Elder. Apparently, he became tired and lay down on the ground to rest. But when he lay down on the ground, he died. His death was probably due to carbon dioxide poisoning. Since CO2 is heavier than air, it hugs the ground and makes it impossible to breathe when one is close to the ground. It islikely that others in the area also died of carbon dioxide poisoning if they lay down to rest on the ground below Mt. Vesuvius.Chapter 3 Lance Armstrong: Survivor and WinnerLance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971 in a suburb of Dallas, Texas, called Plano. Lance began running and swimming competitively when he was only 10 years old. By the time he was 13, he was competing in triathlons and won the Iron Kids Triathlon. Lance’s mother, who raised L. mostly by herself, recognized and encouraged his competitive spirit.During his senior year in high school, L. was invited to train with the US Olympic cycling developmental team in Colorado. From that time on, L. focused completely on cycling. By 1991, L. was the US National Amateur Champion. He also won 2 major national races the same year -- even beating some professional cyclists.Although he was generally doing very well, L. had his ups and downs. In 1992, he was expected to do very well at the Barcelona Olympics, but finished in 14th place. This was a big disappointment. L. got over the disappointment and decided to turn professional. In his first professional race, the 1992 Classico San Sebastian, he ended up finishing dead last, 27 minutes behind the winner. L.’s mother continued to encourage L. through his difficult times.Things went much better for L. in the following years. In 1993, he was theyoungest person to win the World Race Championships. In the same year, he entered the Tour de France for the first time. He won one stage of the race, but dropped out of the race before finishing. In 1995, he even won the Classico S. S., the race he had finished last in, in 1992. L. also won the most important US tournament, the Tour du Pont, 2 times, in both 1995 and 1996. By 1996, L. was ranked 7th among cyclists in the world, and he signed a 2-year contract with a French racing team. At that time, everything was looking very good for L.A..However, everything changed dramatically and drastically in October of 1996, shortly after his 25th birthday. At this time, L. was diagnosed with advanced cancer that had already spread to his brain and lungs. He almost immediately underwent 2 cancer surgeries. After these 2 surgeries, he was given a 50-50 chance of survival as he began an aggressive 3-month course of chemotherapy. The chemotherapy left L. very weak, but the treatment worked well. Quite soon after, L. was declared free of cancer. L. returned to cycling and training only 5 months after he was initially diagnosed with cancer. He vowed he would return to competitive cycling better than ever.However, his French cycling team dropped L. from the team. They didn’t believe that L. would ever be able to return to his former level of strength and endurance. Fortunately the US Postal Service Team became his new sponsor. With the support of the US Postal Service Team, L. returned to racing in 1998. After one particularly bad day during one of his races, L. pulled over anddecided he was done with racing. However, after spending time with his really good cycling friends, L. returned to racing, and again he was off again in pursuit of cycling victories!L.’s big comeback was marked by his victory at the 1999 Tour de France. L. repeated this feat in the years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, for a total of 6 consecutive victories in the Tour de France, the most prestigious and the most grueling of all cycling contests. L.s’ Tour de France record may never be beaten or even matched. Interestingly, L. was the youngest person to win the World Cycling Championships in 1993 and the oldest person ever to win the Tour de France in 2004!In addition to his amazing athletic performance, L.A. has established the L.A. Foundation, which is devoted to providing information about cancer and support to cancer victims. He has also written a book about his life and winning the TdF, called Every Second Counts, and for L., every second has counted.L.A. gives a lot of credit for his success to his mother, whose independent spirit and support for L. inspired him to overcom e all of life’s obstacles, both on and off the racetrack. Lance, in return, has provided inspiration to many, for his courage – both athletic and personal.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. How old was Lance when he began running and swimming competitively?(b)2. Which sports contest did Lance win when he was 13 years old? (b)3. How old was Lance when he was diagnosed with advanced cancer? (c)4. What chance for survival was Lance given after he underwent two surgeries?(c)5. Who was Lance's sponsor when he won the Tour de France in 1999? (d)6. What is the name of the book that Lance wrote that is mentioned in the lecture? (b)7. Lauce’s cancer had already spread to his lungs and brain before it was diagnoised? (T)8. Lauce’s French team dropped Lauce because they didn’t think he would ever return to his former level of strength and endurance. (T)9. Lauce won the Classico San Sebastian two times. (F He lost the first time and won the second time.)10. Lauce is the only cyclist to win the Tour de France five times consecutively.(F Lauce is the only person to win the Tour de France six times consecutively.)Listening factoid #1Amazingly enough, the bicycle is a more efficient mean of transportation than any other method of traveling. It takes much less energy to bicycle onemile than it does to walk one mile. In fact, it can take up to five times as much energy to walk a mile than to bicycle a mile. If we compare the amount of energy a human being uses to bicycle three miles, or about 5 kilometers, we find this amount of energy would power a car for only about 278 feet, or 85 meters.Listening factoid #2According to Professor Steve Jones, the three most important inventions in the history of mankind were fire, speech, and the bicycle. He says that the invention of fire freed human being from the power of climate, dangerous animals, and monotonous diets. The invention of speech meant that human being s could begin to build civilization. And the invention of the bicycle –by which he really means modern transportation in general- meant that groups of human beings were no longer isolated, but could travel great distances. Being able to travel much more freely meant that there could never again be more than one species of human beings as there had been in ancient times.Chapter 4 The Internet: How it WorksThe Internet consists of millions of computers, all linked together into a gigantic network. Now every computer that is connected to the Internet is part of this network and can communicate with any other connected computer.In order to communicate with each other, these computers are equipped with special communication software. To connect to the Internet, the user instructs the computer’s communic ation software to contact the Internet Service Provider, or ISP. Now an Internet Service Provider, or ISP, is a company that provides Internet service to individuals, organizations, or companies, usually for a monthly charge. Local ISPs connect to larger ISPs, which in turn connect to even larger ISPs. A hierarchy of networks is formed. And this hierarchy is something like a pyramid, with lots of small networks at the bottom, and fewer but larger networks moving up the pyramid. But, amazingly, there is no one single controlling network at the top. Instead, there are dozens of high-level networks, which agree to connect with each other. It is through this process that everyone on the Internet is able to connect with everyone else on the Internet, no matter where he or she is in the world.How does information that leaves one computer travel through all of these networks, and arrives at its destination, another computer, in a fraction of a second?The process depends on routers. Now routers are specialized computers whose job is to direct the information through the networks. The data, or information, in an e-mail message, a Web page, or a file is first broken down into tiny packets. Each of these packets has the address of the sender and of the receiver, and information on how to put the packets back together. Eachof these packets is then sent off through the Internet. And when a packet reaches a router, the router reads its destination address. And the router then decides the best route to send the packet on its way to its destination. All the packets might take the same route or they might go different routes. Finally, when all the packets reach their destination, they are put back into the correct order.To help you understand this process, I’m going to as k you to think of these packets of information as electronic postcards. Now imagine that you want to send a friend a book, but you can send it only as postcards. First, you would have to cup up each of the pages of the book to the size of the postcards. Next, you would need to write your address and the address of your friend on each of these postcards. You would also need to number the postcards so that your friend could put them in the correct order after he receives the postcards. After completing these steps, you would put all the postcards in the mail. You would have no way to know how each postcard traveled to reach your friend. Some might go by truck , some by train, some by plane, some by boat. Some might go by all 4 ways. Now along the way, many postal agents may look at the addresses on the postcards in order to decide the best route to send them off on to reach their destination. The postcards would probably arrive at different times. But finally, after all of the postcards had arrived, your friend would be able to put them back in the correct order and read the book.Now this is the same way that information is sent over the Internet using the network of routers, but of course it happens much, much faster!PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What is the Internet? (d)2. What is a router? (c)3. What is carried on every tiny packet of information that travels through the Internet? (d)4. What is a router compared to in the lecture? (b)5. The Internet is controlled by one gigantic ISP. (F There is no one controlling network at the top)6. Routers can send the packets of information in one e-mail massage over many different routes to their destination. (T)7. The lecturer compares the tiny packets of information that travel through the Internet to electronic postcards. (T)Listening factoid #1Jeff Hancock, a scientist at Cornell University, asked 30 students to keep a communication diary for a week. The students wrote down the numbers of conversations they had either face-to-face or on the telephone and thenumber of e-mail exchanges they had, both regular e-mails and instant messages, that lasted more than 10 minutes. They also wrote down the number of lies they had told in each conversation or e-mail exchange. When Jeff Hancock analyzed the students’ communication records, he found that lies made up 14 percent of e-mails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face conversations, and 37 percent of phone calls.His findings surprised some psychologists, who thought it would be easier to lie in e-mail than in real-time conversations. One explanation is that people are less likely to lie when there will be a record of their lies, such as in an e-mail.Listening factoid #2If you have an e-mail account, you have no doubt been spammed. That is, you have received unsolicited e-mail from someone you don’t know, someone who is usually trying to sell you something!Most people say that they hate spam. For many people, spam mail is just a n uisance, but for businesses it’s very expensive, as their employee waste considerable working time going through and deleting span. According to Message Labs, a company that provides e-mail security, 76% of the world’s e-mail is spam and it costs businesses approximately $12 billion dollars a year. According to a survey by Commtouch Software, another anti-spam company, in the last few months the number of spam attacks increased by 43%. Their report predicts that within two years, 98% of all e-mail will be spam!Chapter 5 Language: How Children Acquire TheirsWhat I’d lie to talk to you about today is the topic of child language development. I know that you all are trying to develop a second language, but for a moment, let’s think about a related topic, a nd that is: How children develop their first language. What do we know about how babies develop their language and communication ability? Well, we know babies are able to communicate as soon as they are born―even before they learn to speak their first language. At first, they communicate by crying. This crying lets their parents know when they are hungry, or unhappy, or uncomfortable. However, they soon begin the process of acquiring their language. The first state of language acquisition begins just a few weeks after birth. At this stage, babies start to make cooing noises when they are happy. Then, around four months of age they begin to babble. Babies all over the world begin to babble around the same age, and they all begin to make the same kinds of babbling noises. Now, by the time they are ten months old, however, the babbling of babies from different language backgrounds sounds different. For example, the babbling of a baby in a Chinese-speaking home sounds different from the babbling of a baby in an English-speaking home. Babies begin a new stage of language development when they begin to speak their first words. At first, they invent their own words for things. For example, a baby in an English-speaking home may say “baba” for the word “bottle” or “kiki” for “cat.”In the next few months, babies will acquire a lot of words. These words are usually the names of things that are in the baby’s environment, words for food or toys, for example. They will begin to use these words to communicate with others. For example, if a baby holds up an empty juice bottle and then says “juice,” to his father, the baby seems to be saying, “I want more juice, Daddy” or “May I have more juice, Daddy?” This word “juice” is really a one-word sentence.Now, the next stage of language acquisition begins around the age of 18 months, when the babies begin to say two-word sentences. They begin to use a kind of grammar to put these words together. The speech they produce is called “telegraphic” speech because the babies omit all but the most essential words. An English-speaking child might say something like “Daddy, up” which actually could mean “Daddy, pick me up, please.” Then, between two and three years of age, young children begin to learn more and more grammar. For example, they begin to use the past tense of verbs. The children begin to say things such as “I walked home” and “I kissed Mommy.” They also begin to overgeneralize this new grammar rule and make a log of grammar mistakes. For example, children often say such thins as “I goed to bed” instead of “I went to bed,” or “I eated ice cream” instead of “I ate ice cream.” In other words, the children have learned the past tense rule for regular verbs such as “walk” and “kiss,” but they haven’t learned that they cannot use this rule for all verbs. Some verbs like “eat” are irregular, and the past tense forms for irregular verbsmust be learned individually. Anyway, these mistakes are normal, and the children will soon learn to use the past tense for regular and irregular verbs correctly. The children then continue to learn other grammatical structures in the same way.If we stop to think about it, actually it’s quite amazing how quickly babies and children all over the world learn their language and how similar the process is for babies all over the world.Do you remember anything about how you learned your first language during the early years of your life? Think about the process for a minute. What was your first word? Was it “mama” or maybe “papa”? Now think also about the process of learning English as a second language. Can you remember the first word you learned in English? I doubt that it was “mama.” Now, think about some of the similarities and differences involved in the processes of child and adult language learning. We’ll talk about some similarities and differences in the first and second language learning processes tomorrow. See you then.PostlisteningA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. At what age do babies begin to communicate? (a)2. Which of the following is an example of “telegraphic” speech? (b)3. At what age do children begin to use the past tense? (c)4. At four months of age the babbling of babies sounds the same all over the world. (T)5. A baby’s first words are usually words that he or she inverts. (T)6. A child uses only vocabulary and no grammar before about two years of age. (F He/she actually used a kind of grammar in making two-word sentences at about 18months of age.)7. Children probably say “I goed” instead of “I went” because they hear their parents say this. (F Children say “I goed” instead of “I went” because they are overgeneralizing the grammar rule for the regular past tense verbs to the irregular verb “go.”)Listening Factoid #1Have you ever wondered about what the world's original language was? Or whether children would begin to speak if they never heard language? Well, more than 2,500 years ago, an Egyptian pharaoh asked himself the same questions. He had the idea that children who didn't hear adults speaking any language would begin to speak the world's "original language." So he had two newborn babies of poor parents taken away from them. He gave the babies to a shepherd to take care of. No one was allowed to speak to them. About two years later, the shepherd reported to the pharaoh that the children were making a sound like "bekos." This sound "bekos" sounded like the wordfor bread in the Phrygian language, so the pharaoh concluded that Phrygian was the original language in the world. There was only one problem with the pharaoh's conclusion. He overlooked the fact that "bekos" sounded very much like the noise that sheep make!Listening factoid #2Do you know that grownups use baby talk? Why? To help babies learn to speak David Sacks, a linguist, says that, "babies in their first year of life learn to speak-first in baby talk, then with the rudiments of genuine vocabulary-by imitating the speech sounds they hear around them. (Often these sounds are addressed to the baby in an exaggerated, singsong form; for example, "How did you sleeeep? " which apparently helps the child to learn.) But some scholars have theorized that language in the nursery is partly a two-way street and that certain family-related words in English and other tongues were formed originally-perhaps prehistorically-in imitation of baby talk. Such words are easy for babies to pronounce. The parent will say to the baby, "Say dada" and so the word "dada" retains a secure place in the language. What are these words that are easy to say? While the words vary from language to language, in English they are some of the "ba," "da," "ma," and “pa" words.The earliest speech sounds out of an infant's mouth, sometimes as early as the second month of life, might typically be pure vowels. The sounds "ah," "ee," and "oo" are said to predominate among babies all over the world, with "ah " as the earliest and most frequent sound. The infant's next step, usuallybegun before four months of age, is to float a consonant sound in front of the vowel: "ma-ma-ma," the sound of pure baby talk.Chapter 6 Hydroponic Aquaculture: How One System WorksThe growing of plants without soil has developed from experiments carried out to determine what substances (like soil and water) make plants grow. Growing plants in water( rather than in soil) --- in other words, hydroponics--- dates back many more years than you might think. Scientists believe that hydroponics or aquaculture is at least as ancient as the pyramids of Egypt. Scientists also know that a primitive form of aquaculture has been used in the region of Kashmir for centuries. In fact, scientists believe hydroponic growing actually preceded soil growing. They even believe that using hydroponics as a farming tool started in the ancient city of Babylon with its famous hanging gardens. These hanging gardens were probably one of the first successful attempts to grow plants hydroponically. However, returning to more modern times, researchers at the University of the Virgin Islands have developed a system of hydroponic aquaculture that is both simple and low cost. The system uses gravity to create recirculating water systems in which fish are raised and vegetables are grown. Let me take a minute to explain the process of how this particular system of hydroponic aquaculture works on the island of St. Croix in the Virgin Island.。
视听说1册7单元答案(课堂PPT)
2020/4/3
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Rob No, I told you, honey, (8) __th__e_r_e_’s__n_o__n_e_e_d__t_o_w__o_r_r.y… Just look at that! What a great place!
Kate Yes, isn’t it wonderful? Rob Come on, let’s go and eat. Isn’t there a pub
Rob Wow, Kate, honey! I love your school! Kate No, Dad, I’m not at Law School. I’m at university! Rob OK, honey. It’s Oxford, England – I know! … Rob Listen, honey, Grandad had a fall just before we left. Kate Oh, no! Rob It’s OK. He broke his arm but (1) ______t_h_e_y__d_o_n__’t_t_h_ink
2020/4/3
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4 Watch conversation 2 again and complete the sentences:
Julia This is great. It’s just like I pictured it. Look at that, isn’t it beautiful?
Easygoing means relaxed, calm, not getting upset about things, and happy to accept things without worrying.
视听说1册7单元答案
可编辑ppt
9
Rob No, I told you, honey, (8) __th__e_r_e_’s__n_o__n_e_e_d__t_o_w__o_r_r.y… Just look at that! What a great place!
Kate Yes, isn’t it wonderful? Rob Come on, let’s go and eat. Isn’t there a pub
Work-life balance refers to the proportion between hours spent in working and with the family or in relaxing in leisure activities.
Childcare means looking after babies or young children, usually in the child’s home. This is either done by parents or relatives who bring up or raise children or another adult who may be paid for this work, as a babysitter, for a few hours, or as a childcarer for several hours every day, such as after-school care.
可编辑ppt
14
Outside view
Watching and understanding
2 Watch the video clip and check (✓) the true statements according to the clip.
高级英语视听说试题
高级英语视听说试题1．第1题humiliationA.人性B.人类C.恐吓D.羞辱您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.02．第2题neutralityA.对立B.中立C.营养D.养分您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.03．第3题immunityA.责任B.交际C.社区D.免疫性您的答案：D 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.04．第4题felonyA.重罪B.轻罪C.拘留D.逮捕您的答案：A 题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.05．第5题weightA.深度B.广度C.等待D.负担您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第6题He had taken the wrong food, and began to_________ (vomit).A.throw upB.twitchC.pass outD.bleed您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.07．第7题The mother made a _____(causing painful feelings) decision to leave her child alone in the wild.A.ambiguousB.lenientC.wrenchingD.susceptible您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.08．第8题leotardA.紧身连衣裤B.美洲豹C.曲棍球D.大屠杀您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.09．第9题He is a double-dealing guy. He acts before some powerful people as if he was obedient, but then _______(to come or go back) to his cruelty when facing ordinary civilians.A.inverts backB.inserts toC.reverts backD.reverses to您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.010．第10题No one can get along well with him, for he is too __________ (obstinate)A.hard hatB.stone-heartedC.hard-headedD.hot-tempered您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.011．第11题In every way, she is a phenomenon.A.a state or processB.a leaderC.a common personD.an unusual person您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.012．第12题homosexualityA.同性恋B.异性恋C.双行恋D.性别歧视您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.0 13．第13题aeronauticsA.经济学B.航空学C.心理学D.天文学您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.0 14．第14题dinosaurA.恐龙B.豚鼠C.树熊D.袋鼠您的答案：A题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.015．第15题adultererA.综合病症B.奸夫C.曲棍球D.顾问您的答案：B题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.016．第16题HockeyA.保龄球B.垒球C.曲棍球D.棒球您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.017．第17题What he has told you was merely a ________(not true, invented) story.A.man-madeB.made-upC.madeD.lie您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.018．第18题scandalA.沟渠B.丑闻C.满意D.破坏您的答案：B题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.019．第19题brutalA.鲁莽的B.细心的C.残忍的D.仁慈的您的答案：A题目分数：1.0 此题得分：0.020．第20题ignitionA.忽略B.点火C.幼稚D.威吓您的答案：B题目分数：1.0 此题得分：1.021．第21题Children are fascinated by the _____(unreal) battles in computer games.A.furiousB.unbelievableC.unimaginableD.mock您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.022．第22题She has become so _____(to be easily attacked) because of her awesome experience in Maine.A.vulnerableB.strongC.optimisticD.pessimistic您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.023．第23题Up to now, the future has been as bleak as thepast, for Israelis and Palestinians.A.better than the pastB.worse than the pastC.as hopeless as the pastD.as hopeful as the past您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.024．第24题So that was my tool to find out what I was really about.A.I used to work with this kind of toolB.that helped me in getting a better understanding of myself and more confidenceC.only with this tool I can find back my confidenceD.I am totally at a loss您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第25题They were led into those familiar mind fields---the occupied territories, religion, terrorism, the whole awful weight of history.A.long historyB.the burden resulted from the historyC.the most dark part in the historyD.for the sake of the history您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第26题So whenever you are feeling down, you just look up here and you go.A.You just come here and I will help youB.Here will be a perfect place for you to restartC.You need to do nothing but keep goingD.You just think about the good things, try to feel hopeful and keep going您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第27题There is a fine line between reality and illusion.A.a great distinctionB.a distinction seen only with difficulty and effortC.similarityD.difference您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：0.028．第28题After the overnight working, he___________(become ill with sth. infectious) a sever cough.A.fell withB.came down withC.recovered fromD.died of您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.029．第29题Professor Zimbardo did regular follow up interviews with the students for several years.A.interviews called " follow-up"B.no more interviewsC.previous interviewsD.second interview referring to an earlier one您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.030．第30题The order has been ______ (cancelled) . You can go home now.A.scrubbedB.disputedC.screwed upD.fulfilled您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.031．第31题shuttleA.飞碟B.太空船C.发射器D.直升机您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.032．第32题Do any of you ever get tired of talking about this?A.not want toB.want toC.would like toD.be involved in您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.033．第33题It does not alter the essence who her parents are.A.change the truthC.change the importanceD.make any differences您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第34题He may sound like an Archie-bunker, but he’s got a point.A.a kind of jobB.a famous movie starC.rich people with high social statusD.A type of working-class man who often reacts to social pressures in a bigoted and self-righteous manner.您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第35题After finally hitting rock bottom, Bob Kravitz cleaned up his act. Now at 33 he has finally settledA.reaching the lowest pointB.experiencing the best thingsC.falling down from a high placeD.hitting on a rock您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第36题push-upA.齐步走B.直立C.俯卧撑D.仰卧起坐您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.037．第37题mammogramA.肿瘤切除术B.乳房X线照片C.辐射治疗D.恶性肿瘤您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.0 38．第38题detentionA.注意B.拘留C.挽留D.拖延您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.0 39．第39题trenchA.倾向B.方向C.沟渠D.走廊您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.040．第40题prognosisA.判病结果B.综合病症C.疾病D.痊愈您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.041．第41题Though he failed twice, he was still ________ (be given the right to) a third chance.A.entitled toB.engaged withC.presented withD.introduced to您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.042．第42题You will have both loss and gains in your life. There is always a _____(deduction) column and a _____(increase) column.A.adding; minusB.minus; addingC.plus; debitD.debit; plus您的答案：D题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.043．第43题Regional ______(fixed or conventional ideas or images) have been part of America since its founding.A.stereotypesB.attitudesC.aptitudesD.opinions您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.044．第44题He said he would never be _______(greatly frightened) by big names and authorities.A.intimidatedB.timidC.limitedD.temporized您的答案：A题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.045．第45题And I just let loose in this emotional tirade. I just lost it. I started, I was angry. I was scared. I was in tears.A.lost my mindB.became nervousC.release, set freeD.got crazy您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.046．第46题Please take good care of her. She is ______ (very near to the condition of) a mental disease.A.suffering fromB.running towardsC.on the verge ofD.at the end of您的答案：C题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.047．第47题He was a very vibrant, personable person, but in a lot of ways he was also a very private person.A.a person who has a lot of privacyB.a person who is unwilling to talk about himself in publicC.a person who has quite a lot friendsD.a person with whom people would like to make friends您的答案：B题目分数：3.0此题得分：3.048．第48题Children who are given everything they want whenever they want it are susceptible.A.openly distrustful and unwilling to confideB.easily wounded or hurtC.easily influenced or affected by somethingD.extremely stubborn您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第49题They come from all over the region where fear and security are part of everyone's daily catechism.A.daily workB.the problems encountered dailyC.questions and answers every dayD.routine jobs您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.050．第50题He was acting as the prison superintendent and even he succumbed to the cruelty of the environment.A.bravely facedB.took advantage ofC.made good use ofD.gave up control of您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0作业总得分：95.0作业总批注：。
英语高级视听说答案Unit7CanVideoGamesLeadtoMurder
Pre-Listening Question
1- Do you like playing video games? How often do you play them ? What is your favorite video game ? 2- in your opinion, why do most young people like to play bloody video games ? 3- do you think boys and girls like the same video games ? And what are the effects of these video games on both of them ?
911 Dispatcher
Emergency dispatchers who work in 911 centers.
Glock
it is an Australian defense contractor ( named after the founder Gaston Glock) founded in 1963 near Vienna, Austria. Glock is one of the best selling brands in the US.
Episode 3
1- Aggression 2- Institute of Health 3- Developed 4- impulse control center 5- under construction 6- consider consequences 7- urges 8- heightened 9- risk factors 10- upbringing 11- turn to violence
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Unit One
1、About half of the total .
2、For lumber ,pulp and fuel.
3、The productivity of land begins to decrease .
4、Almost half is gone ・
5、50 to 60 years .
6、They begin to plant crops .
7、It costs money .
8、It is completely inaccessible .
9、After suffering devastating floods .
10、Enough trees to cut and enough trees in forest.
Unit Two
1、Tiger ,rhinoceros ,blue whale ,giant panda .
2、Five.
3、The whole web of life will be destroyed .
4、The web of life on the planet.
5、The causes were unavoidable .
6、This one is caused by human beings .
7、Our life support system .
8、Double the protected land .
Unit Three
1、Cheap but they pollute the air.
2、800 billion.
3、Cost.
4、Wind energy.
5、Converts the sunlight directly into electricity .
6、Conserve and plan .
7、Different but very good way of living , cool and heat.
8、Clean ,no emissions and no pollution .
9、Safe to store and cheap .
10、Technology to make it more affordable ,and will to make it happen.
Unit Four
1、Fossilized fuel.
2、Abundant than ever.
3、Wasting of resources .
4、Climate change ,unbreathable air .
5、Water.
6、Close link.
7、Droughts and famines .
8、The Canadian environmentalists .
9、The humans .
10、Drip hoses
Unit Five
1、Poise and confidence .
2、Cities.
3、Skeptical ・
4、Many sons .
5、The husband's family .
6、Skewed ratio of boys to girls ・
7、A nationwide insurance and pension system .
8、Six.
9、Move into a retirement home .
10、Abandonment by their parents .
Unit Six
1、The Great Within , Zi Jin Cheng .
2、Sons of Heaven.
3、Jian Wen ,the nephew of Yong-le .
4、40 miles.
5、10,000.
6、Dragon.
7、The Hall of Heavenly Purity .
8、Squander them in indulgence and corruption .
9、Pay their respects to monumental past.
Unit Seven
1、100 years.
2、She is glad to live to see this day .
3、To highlight progress in civil rights .
4、695 million dollars .
5、Because of the opposition of many Republicans .
6、He is against the expansion of hate crimes legislation .
7、Many criminals may go free .
8、Many cases that need to be prosecuted can't be prosecuted.
9、The passage of a new hate crimes law .
10、In less than two weeks .。