初中英语12选10专项练习

We can’t stop an earthquake(地震), but we can do things to make sure they don’t destroy(毁坏) whole cities. First, it is not a 1 .________ idea to build houses along lines where 2. ________ of the earth’s plates(板块) join together. Second, if you think there 3. ________ be an earthquake, it is better to build houses on rocks（岩石） , not on 4. ________. Third, you must make the houses as 5. ________ as possible. Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake, but strong ones may 6.

________ .

Scientists are 7. ________ that one day an even bigger earthquake will hit the part around San Francisco(旧金山) . They call it “ The Big One ”. However, peo ple today are still building more 8. ________ . The population in and around San Francisco is 9. ________ ten times more than it was in 1906. This means that 10. ________ there is another earthquake, a great many houses and buildings will be destroyed.

1. good

2.two

3. may

4.sand

5.strong

6. stay up

7. afraid

8.houses

9.now 10.if

【剖析】

这是一篇科普类文章，要求选填的词汇都是浅显易懂的常用词，且都是《大纲》范围内的词汇.因此，学生要通读全文，了解大意.只要能够理解文章上下的内容，对短文语境中有用的

信息进行分析、推敲、结合整篇，就可以确定所需词汇.值得注意的是，题目提供的词中有两组形容词、副词的同根词，这就要求我们既要明白文章的意思，还得善用所学的综合知识.

第1题选good.依句型这里需要形容词，看全文应是“好”.

第2题选two.文章一开始就说，我们虽然不能阻止地震，但可以采取措施减少地震对城市的破坏程度.如果那样的话，那么在地球板块与板块交界的地方建造房屋肯定不是好办法.（这是

一个跨学科的问题，世界上已经发生的地震多数发生在地球板块与板块交界的地方，科学家们称之为地震带.由此可见，要学好英语，还要学好其他学科.）

第3题选 may.在这里表示猜测、假设，意思是“可能”.

第4题选 sand . “沙地”与前面的rocks

一词对应.这句话是说，如果你认为某个地方可能要发生地震，最好是将房屋建筑在地质比较坚硬的地带，而不能建在地质松的地带.比如像沙漠这样的地带就不能建造房屋.

第5题选strong .除地质条件外，将房屋建得strong“牢固”些，也是减轻地震灾害的一项重要措施.

第6题选stay up .在这里是“站立、矗立”的意思，与前面的 fall down 一词相对应.

第7题选afraid.因为旧金山这个城市就建在太平洋板块与美洲大陆板块交界的地带（环太平洋地震带），所以说科学家们感到担心、害怕.

第8题选houses.科学家们之所以感到担心和害怕，是因为那里的人还在那里建造房屋，这正

好与前面说的减轻地震灾害的方法相反.

第9题选now .与前面的1906年相对比.

第10题选if .文章最后小结提出假设：旧金山如果依旧那样的话，一旦有一天发生地震，后果将不堪设想.

( 2 )

Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1 ________ him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2 ________ there.

One day Mr. Brown went to London by train. He 3 ________ to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 _______ the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5 ________ up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6 ________ by the man. He said angrily, “That’s

7________ !” Mr. Brown’ s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.

When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 ________ of them, he said, “You’ve mended them very well.”

In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9 ________ man was in the same seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “You’ve had a 10 ________ day,” he said.

1.brought

2.mended

3. forgot

4. beside

5.picked

6. stopped

7. mine

8.each

9. same 10. lucky

【剖析】

这是一篇伞店老板Mr

Brown在火车上发生的故事，是叙述类文章.要求填的词汇都是《大纲》范围内的词汇，因此难度不是很大.学生应在短文语境中对有用的信息进行推敲，结合整篇文章的内容，确定所需词汇.通读全文，了解大意.再读全文，确定所需词的词义、词性和词形.

第1题需要动词，因为该句无谓语，意思是“带来”或“给”，所以选brought.

第2题需要动词，由于该句是被动语态，意思是“被修理”，选mended.

第3题为动词，由空前主语和空后的动词不定式决定，根据下文判断意思是“忘记”，选forgot. 第4题选介词.由语境决定的，意思是“在座位旁边”，选beside.

第5题选动词，意思是“拾起”，恰好是词组pick up,故事发生在过去，所以选picked.

第6题选动词，由于句子是被动语态，选stopped.

第7题选名词性物主代词，由于句子是主系表结构，意思是“我的”，选mine.

第8题选代词，由后面的of结构决定的，指“每一”或者“全部”，选词中没有提供all；所以选eac h .

第9题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“相同的”，选same.

第10题选形容词，由于它修饰的是名词，指“幸运的或好的”，选lucky.