商务英语翻译之增减词

3.汉语没有冠词，所以英译汉时冠词常常省略。当 英语中的“冠词the+名词”或者“冠词a/an+名词” 表示泛指时，该冠词往往不翻译成汉语；但如果冠 词是表示特指，就必须将冠词翻译成汉语。（冠词 的省略） • The moon was slowly rising above the sea. • 月亮慢慢从海上升起。 • The Buyers may, within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination, lodge a claim against the sellers for short weight being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor. • 货物抵达目的港后15天内，买方可以凭享有信誉的 公共检验员出示的检验证明向卖方提出短重索赔。
商务英语翻译
Business English Translation
增词法 、 减词法、 重复翻译法 Amplification. Omission倩、许億、叶曦、洪亮 May.2012
一、增词法 Amplification
1.为了语法上的需要而增词
• 时态要求 汉语表示时态的词：着， 了，过等 We stressed the necessity of shipping our order so that it may reach us by May 30. 本公司曾经强调，我方所 订货物必须于5月30日之 前运抵我方。 • 补充原文因语法省略的词 Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训 比从自己的失败中吸取教 训更好
2.重复名词
• The restructuring program includes streamlining marketing and selling organizations ,closure and consolidation of several manufacturing facilities and a general streamlining of operations throughout the corporation. 该重组计划包括精简营销机构和销售机构， 关闭和整合几样生产设备，提高整个公司 的总体经营效率。
增加表示名词复数的词
• There were rows of houses which he had never seen before. 一排排的房子，都是他从来没有见过的。
• Mr. Hobbs didn’t talk over my suggestions with his brother until yesterday afternoon. 直到昨天下午，霍布斯先生才跟他兄弟讨论了我的各项建 议。
3.重复代词
• The present recovery led by external demand should be shifted to one led by domestic demand in order to get the economy on a fully-fledged recovery track. 目前由外部需求带动的经济复苏，应该转 型为内需带动的经济复苏，以便使经济回 复到全面复苏的轨道上。
三、重复法 Repetition
• 1.重复动词 It is a matter of urgency to ensure that banks make profit margins that can meet investment risk and that they expand commission revenue as well as promote sweeping restructurings . 确保银行获取能够应对投资风险的利润、 确保 确保银行推进大规模重组和拓展雇佣金收 确保 入，这些都是非常紧迫的任务。
增加名词
• 抽象名词后增加名词 • 在不及物动词后面增 加名词 After all preparations Aunt Harriet used to were made, our entertain lavishly . meeting will begin . 哈丽特阿姨时常慷慨地 一切准备工作就绪以 款待客人 . 后，会议就开始。
6.介词的省略
• The students are looking at the blackboard and listening to the teacher． • 孩子们正在看黑板听老师讲课。 • Smoking is not allowed in the warehouse. • 仓库重地，不准吸烟。
• 增加语气词
• 增加形容词 The war made a man As for me, I didn’t of him。 agree from the very 战争把他锻造成一个堂 beginning. 堂的男子汉。 我呢，从一开始就不赞 What a leader he 成。 was！! 他真是一个出类拔萃 的领袖啊 ！
• • • •
2.“it”作非人称主语、形式主语或形式宾语时本身 无实际意义，可以省略不译。 • Outside it was pitch-dark and it was raining cats and dogs. • 外面一团漆黑,大雨倾盆。 • He found it impossible to arrive there before dark. • 他发现天黑之前到达那里已不可能。
4.英语中较多使用连词和并列连词来表达各种逻辑关 系，而汉语中这些逻辑关系常常是通过上下文来暗示 的，因而汉语中较少使用连词。英汉翻译时常常把原 文中的连词省略不译。（连词的省略） • If I had known it, I would not have joined in. • 早知如此，我就不参加了。 • Like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. • 同性电荷相斥,异性电荷相吸。
2.为了使表达更清晰和自然而增词
• 增加动词
In every Chinese city, we got into the streets, shops, parks, theatres and restaurants. 在中国，我们每到一个城市就遛大街、逛商店、游公园 遛 逛 游 看演出、吃名菜。 吃 Developing a completely new aircraft begins with the design of a new airframe and requires huge outlays for research, development, and tooling. 开发一种全新的飞机是从设计一种新的主机结构开始的， 这需要支出庞大的费用来进行 进行研制、开发和组装。 进行
二、减词法 Omission
1.英语中含有泛指意义的人称代词we, you以及不 定代词one等在句中作主语时常可省略。 We assure you of our reciprocation your courtesy at any time. 贵行的好意我方保证随时回报。 You are not allowed to smoke a cigarette in a public place. 公共场所严禁吸烟。 One shall pay for what one has said. 一言既出，自负其责。
4.重复形容词修饰语
• The integration of computer systems is indispensable in unifying documentation and also for such tasks as the placing of orders with factories ,product delivery and information management. 将不同的电脑系统进行整合对于统一文件 起草是不可或缺的，对于完成诸如向工厂 订货、派送货物以及信息管理等任务也是 不可或缺的。
5.由于汉语可以直接用形容词、名词或词组作谓语， 所以英语中的有些动词谓语汉译时可以省译；如果从 句的谓语动词与主句谓语动词相同，则从句谓语动词 也可省译。（动词的省略） • Though the model is a bit out-of-date, the quality is excellent. • 虽然样式有点过时，但质地非常好。 • These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources. • 这些发展中国家，土地辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富。