初中状语从句总结及练习(附答案)
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状语从句
1.时间状语从句
2.条件状语从句ﻫ3.原因状语从句ﻫ4.结果状语从句ﻫ5.比较状语从句6. 目的状语从句ﻫ7.让步状语从句
8. 地点状语从句
用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
1.时间状语从句
(1)时间状语从句常用when, as,while,before, after, since, till,until,as soon as等连词来引导。例如:ﻫItwasraininghard when got to school yesterday.ﻫWhile he wasdoing hishomework, the telephone rang.ﻫAs he walked along the lake, he sanghappily.
He hadlearned alittle Chinese beforehecametoChina.ﻫAfter he finished middle school, he went to work in a fa
ctory.ﻫ(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:ﻫI’ll ring you up as soon as I get to NewYork.ﻫI will tell him everythingwhen he comes back.ﻫHe won’t believe it until he
seesit with his own eyes.ﻫ(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:
The young manread till thelight went out.ﻫLet’s wait until the r
ainstops.ﻫWe won’t startuntil Bob comes.ﻫDon’t getof
funtil the bus stops.
2.条件状语从句ﻫ(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如:ﻫWhat shallwe do if it snowstomorrow?
Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to.
(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如: I’llhelp you withyour English if amfreetomorrow.
He won’t be late unless heis ill.
(3)“祈使句+and(or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:
Hurry up,oryou’ll belate.
=If you don’t hurry up,you’llbe late.
Study hardand youwill pass the exam.
=If youstudy hard, you will pass theexam.ﻫ3. 原因状语从句ﻫ(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如:
Hedidn’tcome to school because he was ill.
As itis raining,we shallnotgo the zoo.ﻫSince you can’t answer the question,I’ll asksomeoneelse.
(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放
在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如:
------Why aren’t going there?
------BecauseI don’twantto.ﻫAs he has no car, hecan’tge
tthereeasily.ﻫSince we haveno money, we can’t buy it.ﻫ(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。
4. 结果状语从句ﻫ(1)结果状语从句由so…that, such…that,sothat引导。例如:
Heissopoorthat hecan’t buy a bike for hisson.
She is such a goodteacher thateverybody likes her.
My pencil fell under the desk,sothat I couldn’t see
it.ﻫ(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如:
在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。其结构是: “...s o+ 形容词(副词)+that + 从句”。例如:
He was so glad thathe couldn’t say a word.
The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000people.ﻫMother livesso far awaythat we hardly eversee her.ﻫ在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如:ﻫItwassuch a hotdaythatnobody wanted to do anything.ﻫHe had such long arms that hecould almost
touch the ceiling.
He madesuch rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.
有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:ﻫIt was sucha wonderfulf ilmthat all of us wanted toseeitagain.ﻫ=The filmwas s owonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.ﻫIt is such animportant matchthat nobody wants to miss it.ﻫ=The match is
so importantthatnobody wantsto missit.
(3)如果名词前由many, much, little,few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such。例如:
Soon therewere somany deerthat they ate up all thewild roses.ﻫHe has so little time that he can’tgo tothecinema
with you.
5.比较状语从句ﻫ比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级+ than…等连词引导。例如:
Tom runs fasterthan John does.ﻫThisclassroom isas big as that one.
6. 目的状语从句ﻫ(1)目的状语从句通常由so that, in order that引导。例如:Westartedearly so that we couldcatch thefirst train.ﻫHe s
tudieshardso that he could workbetterin the future.ﻫWe used the computer in order that wemight savetime.
(2)so that既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从