定语从句

定语从句Attributive Clause

I定义：在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，它的作用相当与一个形容词,因此也叫形容词性从句.

II五要素：

1主句

2 从句

3 先行词:被修饰的名词词组或代词

4 关系代/副词:连接主从句

5 先行词在从句中充当的成分

For example: This is a book which tells about clone technology.

III定语从句的关系代/副词

关系代词：that who whom which whose as

关系副词：where when why

注意：what、how不用来引导定语从句。

IV解题思路A

关系代词

1.先行词是人,先行词在从句中做主语,关系代词用who/that

The boy who won the first prize is called Roy.

2.先行词是人,先行词在从句中做宾语,关系代词用whom/who/that

The girl whom I look after is very bright.

3.先行词是物,先行词在从句中做主语,关系代词用which/that

Do you think most students prefer tests that have easy questions ?

4.先行词是物,先行词在从句中做宾语,关系代词用which/that

I like the music ___I can dance to.

A. that

B. whose

C. when

D. which

I like the music to ___I can dance .

A. that

B. whose

C. when

D. which

5.先行词是人/物,先行词在从句中做主/宾语,关系代词用that that=who/whom/which

6.先行词是人/物,先行词在从句中做某一成分的定语,关系代词用whose

(1). Do you know the man? (2). The man’s watch is missing.

Do you know the man whose watch is missing?

可以同of which互换whose whose + n.= the n. +of which

注意：人用whom

(1). Please pass me the book.

(2). The book’s cover is green.

Please pass me the book whose cover is green

Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.

关系副词

7.先行词是时间,先行词在从句中做时间状语,关系副词用when

I will remember the time when we studied abroad.

8.先行词是地点,先行词在从句中做地点状语,关系副词用where

The playground where we used to play basketball doesn’t exist.

9.先行词是原因,先行词在从句中做原因状语,关系副词用why

I have told you the reason why I beat him. The reason ---is that---

AS的用法：as/which

1.引导非限制性定语从句。

2. 搭配：so/such/ the same ---as---

3. as引导的从句可前可后；which只能在后。

As…,句子。句子, as/which…。

V解题思路B 根据从句所缺的成分填关系代/副词

1从句缺主语，填who that which

2从句缺宾语，填whom that which

3从句缺表语，填that

4从句缺定语，填whose

5从句缺状语，填when where why

6关系词代替一个句子，填as which

VI定语从句涉及的三个问题

A.定语从句与同位语从句的区别

B.介词+which=where/when/why

C.只能用that 作引导词

注意在以下8种情况下,只用that 不用which

1.先行词是all, any, everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none ,the one 时

There is much that should be used.

2.先行词被all, any , no, only, little, much, very, every, some, few, none 等修饰时

I have read all the books (that) you gave me.

3. 当先行词前有形容词的最高级修饰时This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.

4. 先行词前有序数词或the last修饰时,.

The Great Wall is the last place that Mr. Smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing.

5.当先行词既有人又有物的词时We talked of the things and persons that we remembered.

6. 当先行词在定语从句中做表语时,无论先行词是人还是物

China is no longer the country that she was.