97分考研英语牛人英语笔记
考研英语一最高分97
考研英语一最高分97摘要：一、考研英语一简介1.考试性质2.考试目的3.考试难度二、考研英语一最高分97分1.考试分数解读2.考试难度分析3.考生备考经验分享三、考研英语一备考建议1.提高词汇量2.加强阅读理解训练3.提升写作能力4.注重听力与口语练习四、总结1.考研英语一的重要性2.备考过程中需注意的问题3.鼓励考生积极备考正文：考研英语一是我国研究生入学考试的一部分，主要测试考生的英语听、说、读、写、译等综合能力。
该考试难度较高，对考生的英语水平要求严格。
在众多考生中，最高分达到了97分，展现了考生在英语方面的扎实基础和优秀能力。
首先，我们来解读一下这个97分的成绩。
考研英语一总分为100分，其中词汇与语法部分占20分，完形填空部分占20分，阅读理解部分占40分，写作部分占20分。
97分意味着这位考生在各个部分的表现都非常出色，词汇与语法、完形填空、阅读理解和写作都达到了很高的水平。
要达到这样的成绩，考生需要付出大量的努力和时间进行备考。
其中，提高词汇量和加强阅读理解训练尤为重要。
词汇是英语学习的基础，考生需要掌握大量的单词和短语，才能在阅读理解、写作等部分取得好成绩。
此外，阅读理解部分占据了考研英语一考试的很大比重，因此考生需要多做练习，提高阅读速度和理解能力。
在备考过程中，考生还需注意提升写作能力。
写作部分占20分，要求考生在规定时间内完成一篇短文。
这对考生的词汇、语法、表达能力和逻辑思维能力都提出了较高的要求。
因此，考生需要多加练习，学会运用各种写作技巧和表达方法，提高写作得分。
此外，听力和口语也是备考过程中不可忽视的部分。
考生可以通过观看英语电影、听英语广播、模仿英语口音等方式，提高自己的听力和口语水平。
总之，考研英语一考试对考生的英语综合能力要求较高，考生需要付出大量的努力进行备考。
在备考过程中，要提高词汇量、加强阅读理解训练、提升写作能力、注重听力与口语练习。
1997年考研英语真题答案及精析
1997年考研英语真题答案快速扫描1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B (11~20略:新大纲不再考查的部分)21．A 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．D 36．B 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．B 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．D 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D 56．A 57．C 58．B 59．D 60．A 61．A 62．B 63．C 64．D 65．B 66．A 67．C 68．B 69．A 70．D1997年考研英语真题答案系统精析Part Ⅰ Structure and VocabularySection A1. The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds, could gopenniless by next year.A. the larger oneB. the larger of whichC. the largest oneD. the largest of which【句意】《社会退休保障计划》由两笔信托基金组成，其中较大的一笔到明年可能会被用光。
【答案及考生答对率】B，答对率为70%【考核知识点】从句与比较结构【解析】空格后面的句子用逗号与前面的句子隔开，并且前、后都是完整的句子，说明后面的句子是非限定性定语从句，所以选项A、C不对；前面的句子已明确说明是“两笔信托基金”，不可能用最高级，所以D也不对。
2. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always with other elements,most commonly with oxygen.A. combinedB. having combinedC. combineD. being combined【句意】自然界中的任何地方都找不到游离态的铝，因为它总是与其他元素——最常见的是与氧元素结合在一起。
1997年考研英语试题与答案解析
1997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the world’s largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 41into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day’s work for a day’s pay. One day at a time. 42 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 43 reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.44 its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “45” work force is the most important 46in American business today, and it is 47 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 50 that came from being a loyal employee.41. [A] swarm[B] stride[C] separate[D] slip42. [A] For[B] Because[C] As[D] Since43. [A] from[B] in[C] on[D] by44. [A] Even though[B] Now that[C] If only[D] Provided that45. [A] durable[B] disposable[C] available[D] transferable46. [A] approach[B] flow[C] fashion[D] trend47. [A] instantly[B] reversely[C] fundamentally[D] sufficiently48. [A] but[B] while[C] and[D] whereas49. [A] imposed[B] restricted[C] illustrated[D] confined50. [A] excitement[B] conviction[C] enthusiasm[D] importanceSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points)Text 1It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediatelyword flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.”The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia -- where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part -- other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death -- probably by a deadly injection or pill -- to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but wh at I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.51. From the second paragraph we learn that ________.[A] the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries[B] physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia[C] changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law[D] it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage52. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, hemeans ________.[A] observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia[B] similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries[C] observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes[D] the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop53. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will ________.[A] face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia[B] experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient[C] have an intense fear of terrible suffering[D] undergo a cooling off period of seven days54. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________.[A] opposition[B] suspicion[C] approval[D] indifferenceText 2A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world.The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation.Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I wa s just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner -- amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend,” the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.55. In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, ________.[A] rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US[B] small-minded officials deserve a serious comment[C] Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors[D] most Americans are ready to offer help56. It could be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.[A] culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship[B] courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated[C] various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends[D] social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions57. Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ________.[A] to improve their hard life[B] in view of their long-distance travel[C] to add some flavor to their own daily life[D] out of a charitable impulse58. The tradition of hospitality to strangers ________.[A] tends to be superficial and artificial[B] is generally well kept up in the United States[C] is always understood properly[D] has something to do with the busy tourist trailsText 3Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioningis a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They don’t realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning “mind-manifesting”) because they seemed to radically alter one’s state of consciousness.59. “Substance abuse” (Line 5, Paragraph 1) is preferable to “drug abuse” in that________.[A] substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used[B] “drug abuse” is only related to a limited number of drug takers[C] alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine[D] many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous60. T he word “pervasive” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean ________.[A] widespread[B] overwhelming[C] piercing[D] fashionable61. Physical dependence on certain substances results from ________.[A] uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time[B] exclusive use of them for social purposes[C] quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases[D] careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms62. From the last paragraph we can infer that ________.[A] stimulants function positively on the mind[B] hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health[C] depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances[D] the three types of psychoactive substances are commonly used in groupsText 4No company likes to be told it is contribut ing to the moral decline of a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?” At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply thelatest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company’s mountain ous debt, which will increase to $ billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outl et. “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.”Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock sin ging verses at last month’s stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.”63. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for ________.[A] its raising of the corporate stock price[B] its self-examination of soul[C] its neglect of social responsibility[D] its emphasis on creative freedom64. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?[A] Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.[B] Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.[C] Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.[D] Steve Ross is no longer alive.65. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman ________.[A] stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression[B] softened his tone and adopted some new policy[C] changed his attitude and yielded to objection[D] received more support from the 15-member board66. The best title for this passage could be ________.[A] A Company under Fire[B] A Debate on Moral Decline[C] A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture[D] A Form of Creative FreedomText 5Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes,” makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long, variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel.Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere % last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to % this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each mont h said that America’s inflation rate would average % in 1995. In fact, it fell to % in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America’s, have little productive slack. America’s capacity utilization, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate % in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment -- the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.67. From the passage we learn that ________.[A] there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates[B] economy will always follow certain models[C] the economic situation is better than expected[D] economists had foreseen the present economic situation68. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?[A] Making monetary policies is comparable to driving a car[B] An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation[C] A high unemployment rate will result from inflation[D] Interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy69. The sentence “This is no flash in the pan” (Line5, Paragraph 3) means that ________.[A] the low inflation rate will last for some time[B] the inflation rate will soon rise[C] the inflation will disappear quickly[D] there is no inflation at present70. The passage shows that the author is ________ the present situation.[A] critical of[B] puzzled by[C] disappointed at[D] amazed atSection IV English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 71) Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none. 72) Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore, animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd, for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people -- for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who sa ys “I don’t like this contract”?The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. 73) It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental, question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?Many deny it. 74) Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake -- a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical.” In fact it is simply shallow: the confused center is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning -- the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl -- is to weigh others’ interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. 75) When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.1997年考研英语真题答案71. 事实并非如此, 因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的, 而这种共同认识并不存在。
考研英语历年真题阅读理解精读笔记（十一）
TEXT 4 It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.Small wonder.Americans life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century.Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure.Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago.But not even a great health care system can cure death-and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours. Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions.We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved.Shielded by third party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it's useless.The most obvious example is late stage cancer care.Physicians-frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient-too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified. In 1950, the US spent ＄12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be ＄1540 billion.Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age-say 83 or so.Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm "have a duty to die and get out of the way", so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential. I would not go that far.Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive.At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53.Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start up in his 80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.As a mere 68 year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have. Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit.As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful.I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have.As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people's lives. 56. What is implied in the first sentence? ［A］ Americans are better prepared for death than other people. ［B］ Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before. ［C］ Americans are over confident of their medical technology. ［D］ Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy. 57. The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that . ［A］ medical resources are often wasted ［B］ doctors are helpless against fatal diseases ［C］ some treatments are too aggressive ［D］ medical costs are becoming unaffordable 58. The author's attitude toward Richard Lamm's remark is one of . ［A］ strong disapproval ［B］ reserved consent ［C］ slight contempt ［D］ enthusiastic support 59. In contrast to the US, Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care . ［A］ more flexibly ［B］ more extravagantly ［C］ more cautiously ［D］ more reasonably 60. The text intends to express the idea that . ［A］ medicine will further prolong people's lives ［B］ life beyond a certain limit is not worth living ［C］ death should be accepted as a fact of life ［D］ excessive demands increase the cost of health careachieve12 v.①完成，实现；②达到，达成，获得 aggressive5 a.①侵略的，好⽃的；②⼤胆的，积极的 attitude14 n.①（to，towards）态度，看法；②姿势 author69 n.①作者；②创始⼈ billion11 num./n.［美］⼗亿，［英］万亿 cancer11 n.癌 chair4 n.①椅⼦；②主席（职位）；vt.主持，担任 claim12 v.①要求；②声称，主张；③索赔；n.①要求；②主张，断⾔；③索赔；④权利，要求权，所有权 conclude5 v.①结束，终结；②断定，下结论；③缔结，议定 confident3 a.（of，in）确信的，⾃信的 confront3 v.①使⾯临，使遭遇；②⾯对（危险等） consent3 v./n.（to）同意，赞成，答应 contempt4 n.轻蔑，藐视 contrast5 v.对⽐，对照；n.对⽐，对照，差异 court10 n.①法院，法庭；②宫廷，朝廷；③院⼦；④球场 doctor12 n.①博⼠；②医⽣；v.伪造，篡改 dramatic4 a.①戏剧的，戏剧性的；②剧烈的，激进的；③显著的，引⼈注⽬的 energetic2 a.有⼒的，精⼒旺盛的 enthusiastic2 a.热情的，热⼼的 excessive3 a.过多的，过分的来源:考试⼤ express4 v.表达，表⽰；a.特快的，快速的；n.快车，快运 failure6 n.①失败，不及格；②失败者；③故障，失灵；④未能 fatal4 a.致命的，毁灭性的 finite2 a.有限的 former10 a.①前任的；②以前的，在前的；pron.前者 frustrate1 v.挫败，阻挠，使灰⼼ fund14 n.资⾦，基⾦；v.资助，投资 governor1 n.总督，州（省）长 hip2 n.髋部；a.时髦的 humble2 a.①谦卑的，恭顺的；②低下的，卑微的；v.降低，贬抑 ideal5 a.①理想的，完美的；②空想的；③理想主义的；④唯⼼的；n.理想 imply12 v.意指，含...意思，暗⽰ inevitable5 a.不可避免的，必然发⽣的 intend15 v.想要，打算，企图 justice2 n.①公正，公平；②审判，司法；③法官 justify8 v.证明...是正当的，认为有理 measure14 v.测量；n.①尺⼨，⼤⼩；②［常pl.］措施，办法；③法案，法律规定 mere7 a.①纯粹的；②仅仅，只不过 obvious13 a.明显的，显⽽易见的 optional1 a.可以任选的，⾮强制的 painful5 a.疼痛的，使痛苦的 perish1 v.①丧⽣；②凋谢；③毁灭，消亡 physician10 n.内科医⽣ potential13 a.①潜在的，可能的；②势的，位的；n.潜能，潜⼒ procedure4 n.程序，⼿续，步骤 productive4 a.⽣产（性）的，能产的，多产的 prolong3 v.拉长，延长 proof2 n.①证据，证明；②校样，样张 pursuit6 n.①追赶，追求；②职业，⼯作 quest3 n.寻求 quote5 v.引⽤，援 reality10 n.①现实，实际；②真实 remark7 n.（about，on）评语，议论，意见；v.①（on）评论，谈论；②注意到，察觉 replace7 v.①放回，替换，取代；②归还 reserve2 n.①储备（物），储藏量，储备⾦；②缄默，谨慎；v.①保留，储备；②预定，预约 resource7 n.①［pl.］资源，财⼒；②办法，智谋；③应变能⼒；④设备 reverse1 n.①相反，反转，颠倒；②背⾯，后⾯；a.相反的，倒转的；v.颠倒，倒转，（使）倒退 scholar5 n.学者 sentence9 n.①句⼦；②判决，宣判；v.宣判，判决 shield2 n.①防护物，护罩；②盾，盾状物；v.保护，防护 solve9 v.解决，解答 supreme2 a.①极度的，最重要的；②⾄⾼的，的 surgeon1 n.外科医⽣ sustain5 v.①⽀撑，撑住；②维持，持续，经受，忍耐 system31 n.①系统，体系；②制度，体制 technology27 n.⼯艺，技术 therapy2 n.治疗，理疗 threaten8 v.①恐吓，威胁；②有...危险，快要来临 trend12 n.倾向，趋势；v.伸向，倾向 unlikely5 a.未必的，靠不住的 vain2 a.①徒劳的，徒然的；②⾃负的，虚荣的；n.徒劳，⽩费 worth5 n.价值；a.值得的 advance10 v.①前进，进展；②推进，促进；③提出（建议等）；④提前；n.①前进，进展；②预付，预⽀ cataract1 n.①⼤瀑布；②⽩内障 cautiously1 ad.慎重地 clinical1 a.临床的 consumer20 n.消费者 dazzlingly1 ad.灿烂地，耀眼地 depression2 n.①沮丧，消沉；②（经济）萧条，不景⽓ disapproval1 n.不赞成 disintegrate1 vt.（使）分解，（使）碎裂 expectancy2 n.期待，期望 extravagantly1 ad.挥霍⽆度地 flexibly1 ad.易曲地，柔软地 genetically2 ad.遗传地 inability1 n.⽆能，⽆⼒ ineffective2 a.⽆效的 infirm1 a.弱的，不坚固的，柔弱的 leader10 n. overfund1 vt.对...提供充⾜资⾦ productively1 ad.有结果地，有成果地 reasonably2 ad.适度地，相当地 routinely1 ad.例⾏公事地 surgical1 a.外科的，⼿术上的；n.外科病房，外科⼿术 treatment7 n.待遇，对待，处理，治疗 unaffordable1 a.供应不起的 underfund1 vt.投资不⾜ unimaginable2 a.，想不到的，不可思议的 unsustainable1 a.不能成⽴的，不能⽀持的 难句1 Shielded by third party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. ［结构分析］ 1. 本句主⼲结构为：... we demand everything ... ； 2. everything后⾯是that引导的定语从句，that在从句中作主语； 3. 第⼀个逗号前为过去分词短语shielded引导的状语成分，第⼆个逗号后⾯是even if引导的让步状语从句； ［本句难点］主要是过去分词作状语，以及定语从句的⽤法； ［⽅法对策］抓住句⼦主⼲，然后再分析状语等其他成分； ［例句精译］由于医疗费⽤由第三⽅⽀付，我们常常要求⽤尽所有的医疗⼿段，即使它们不会有任何作⽤。
考研英语一最高分97
考研英语一最高分97
【最新版】
目录
1.考研英语一的最高分
2.考研英语一的重要性
3.考研英语一的备考建议
正文
【考研英语一的最高分】
考研英语一的最高分为 97 分，这是一个相当高的分数，意味着考生在英语的听、说、读、写四个方面都有出色的表现。
要达到这个分数，不仅需要扎实的英语基础知识，还需要严谨的备考策略和技巧。
【考研英语一的重要性】
对于许多考研的学生来说，考研英语一的重要性不言而喻。
它是全国硕士研究生入学考试的必考科目之一，也是评价考生英语水平的重要标准。
不仅如此，它也是许多高校选拔研究生的重要依据，直接影响到考生的录取结果。
【考研英语一的备考建议】
要想在考研英语一的考试中取得好成绩，以下几点备考建议是必不可少的。
首先，要坚持长期的英语学习。
语言学习是一个长期的过程，需要不断的积累和实践。
考生可以通过阅读英文书籍、看英文电影、听英文歌曲等方式，提高自己的英语听说读写能力。
其次，要制定科学的学习计划。
考生应该根据自己的英语水平和时间安排，制定出合理的学习计划，确保每一个学习环节都能得到充分的学习和复习。
再次，要进行系统的模拟考试。
模拟考试可以帮助考生了解自己的考试水平，找出自己的薄弱环节，同时也能帮助考生熟悉考试的流程和规则，提高考试的适应性和应变能力。
最后，要保持良好的心态。
考试不仅是知识的较量，也是心态的较量。
良好的心态可以帮助考生保持冷静，充分发挥自己的水平，取得理想的成绩。
考研英语笔记
首先，这个文档不同于别的参考书，它是以一句话为单元，给您讲解单词，语法，译文，适合基础薄弱的同学。
第二，请同学先用这个文档把里面的单词，语法和句子都弄明白了，再听这个视频。
这个视频只是讲解绿色标注的部分内容，还有详细讲解后面的选项。
黄伟英语原创Section Ⅱ Reading prehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text bychoosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40points)Text 1第一段e on –Everybody’s doing it.[译文]赶快加入吧——大家都在这样做。
That whispered message, （half invitation and half forcing）, iswhat most of us think of（ when we hear the words peer pressure. ）【词汇】whisper v. 小声说whispered message 耳语think of 想起forcing adj. 强迫的，施加压力的； n. 强制peer pressure 同辈压力黄伟英语原创同辈压力（peer pressure）是指同辈人互相比较中产生的心理压力，一个同辈人团体对个人施加影响，会促使个人改变其态度、价值观戒行为使其遵守团体准则。
【语法】主干：That whispered message….. is what most of us think of….. 从句 1： what most of us think of 由 what 引导的做 is 的表语从句揑入语：half invitation and half forcing地点状语从句：when we hear the words peer pressure.【译文】这一半是邀请一半是强迫的耳语是我们大多数人在听到“同辈压力”这个词时会想到的It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. 【词汇】lead to 导致casual adj. 随意的casual sex 草率性行为【译文】这通常导致不好的东西，例如酗酒，吸毒呾草率性行为（But in her new book Join the Club, ）Tina Rosenberg contends 黄伟英语原创that （peer pressure can also be a positive force through what shecalls the social cure）, （in which organizations and officials usethe power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.）【词汇】Contend ~with/against sb/with ;~for sth 与对手竞争主张（某事物）；~that….group dynamic 团体力量dynamic n. 产生变化，行动戒影响的力量individual n. 个人positive force 积极的力量【语法】What is calledwhat we call 所谓的what you call主句：Tina Rosenberg contends that主谓宾从句 1：that peer pressure can also be a positive force through（ whatshe calls） the social cure 把 what she calls 括起来，就容易看清这句话的主谓宾了。
1997考研英语第四篇
1997考研英语第四篇The sun was just beginning to set as I stepped out of the library, the weight of the day's study pressing down on my shoulders. The year was 1997, and the gauntlet of the graduate entrance examination loomed over me like a specter. The fourth essay in the English section had been a beast, a labyrinth of complex sentences and obscure vocabulary that felt like a maze with no clear exit.I had spent hours poring over the text, dissecting each paragraph, trying to grasp the nuances of the author's argument. The essay was on the impact of globalization on local economies, a topic that was both timely and deeply complex. It was a dance of ideas, a challenge to my understanding of the world and my ability to articulate my thoughts in a language that was not my own.As I walked across the campus, the autumn leaves crunching under my feet, I couldn't help but reflect on the journey that had brought me to this point. The decision to pursue a graduate degree had not been an easy one. It was a leap of faith, a commitment to years of study and sacrifice. But it was also a dream, a dream of contributing to the world of academia, of making a difference through knowledge and research.The fourth essay had been particularly poignant. It spoke of the struggles of small businesses in the face of globalcompetition, of the cultural homogenization that came withthe spread of multinational corporations. It was a mirror reflecting the world I was about to step into, a world where the local was often overshadowed by the global.My pencil had raced across the page, trying to capture my thoughts before they could escape. I had woven my arguments with care, using the evidence from the text to support my points. But as I reviewed my work, I couldn't shake the feeling that I had missed something, that there was a deeper understanding waiting to be uncovered.The campus was quiet, the hustle and bustle of the day giving way to the tranquility of evening. Students were few and far between, each one a孤岛 (island) of solitude, wrapped up in their own thoughts and ambitions. I felt a kinship with them, a shared sense of purpose that transcended ourindividual pursuits.As the last light of day faded, I made my way to thesmall café that had become my refuge during this grueling process. The warm glow of the lights and the aroma of fresh coffee were a welcome respite. I ordered my usual, a black coffee to fuel the night ahead.Sitting by the window, I opened my notebook to the essay once more. The words were familiar now, but they still held secrets I was determined to uncover. I knew that the road to understanding was a marathon, not a sprint, and I was prepared to run the distance.The year 1997 would be remembered for many things, butfor me, it was the year of the fourth essay, a testament to the challenges and the rewards of the academic pursuit. It was a year that shaped not only my understanding of the world but also my resolve to contribute to it in my own small way. And as I sat there, pen in hand, ready to dive back into the text, I knew that I was exactly where I was meant to be.。
1997考研英语阅读真题解析
1997考研英语阅读真题解析T ext 1核心词汇bitter［5bitE］a.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的;严寒的，刺骨的calm［ka:m］a.(天气,海洋等)静的n.平静v.(使)平静certificate［sE5tifikit］n.证书(certif（y）+ic+ate)，certify证明， ic形容词后缀， ate作名词后缀表“物”，于是“具证明性质的东西”→证书diagnose［5daiE^nEuz］ v.诊断domino［5dCminEu］n.多米诺骨牌euthanasia［7ju:WE5neiziE］n.安乐死(eu+than+asia)，eu谐音“已有”，than比，asia亚洲，“安乐死在亚洲之外的地方已有了”incurably［in5kjuErEbli］ad.不能矫正地，不可治地（in不+curably）即in+cur+ably，in 否定前缀，cur词根“治疗”， ably可……地；形容词形式为i ncurable←in+cur+able objection［Eb5dVekFEn］n. 反对,异议, 缺陷, 妨碍, 拒绝之理由。
同根词：reject→re （=back）+ject→扔回去→拒绝；inject→in+ject→向里扔→注入parliamentary［7pB:lE5mentEri］a.议会的，国会的(parliament+ary)suspicion［sEs5piFEn］n.怀疑，猜疑；一点儿，少量（sus+spic+ion→在下面看→怀疑）terrify［5terifai］v.使害怕,使惊恐（terr+ify动词后缀）territory［5teritEri］n.领土;版图;领域,范围（terr+itory表示场所范围→地的范围→领土）难句剖析难句1After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Austra l ia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctor s to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.［分析］句子主干是“...Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal author i ty...”，其中，句首是表示时间的介词词组作状语：after six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates，后面的动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to...，修饰legal authority，who引导定语从句who wish to die修饰前面的patients。
考研英语英翻汉笔记
有的单词或者词组虽然有很多层含义，但是在考研中固定的就考几个意思，其译法也是机械和“八股”的：1.establishment主要考的意思是“机构”n.，其次考的意思是“建立”n..（实例见96年72题）2.subject主要考的意思是“目标”n.，其次才是“主语”n.. （实例见96年75题）3.specific一般译为“特定的”adj.最好不要译为“特别的”（实例见96年72题）4.there be固定有两种译法，一是“届时将有…”，二是“有…的存在”（实例见97年71题）5.argue,believe,convince很多情况下必须译为“认为”v.，不要译为“争论”“相信”之类的意思（实例97年72题Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contaract,as part of an exchange of duties and entitlement.一些哲学家认为权利仅仅存在于社会契约之中，作为义务和权力交换的一部分）6.consideration通常固定译为“关怀，关爱”n. （实例见97年73题）7.bear有三种译法，分别是“忍受”“承担”和“运载”（实例见98年73题中的balloon-borne）8.discipline译为“纪律”或“学科”n.（实例见99年72题）9. either…or…译为“要么…要么…”而且通常是做题的时候一看到“either”就要找“or”（实例见97年73题）10.whether…or…译为“要么…要么…”而且通常是做题的时候一看到“whether”就要找“or”（实例见99年74题）11.as译为“作为…”或者“和…一样”（实例见99年真题）12.additional固定译为“新的”adj. 不要翻译成“另外的”“附加的”（实例见00年75题）13.while只有四种情况，一是“在…的时候”，引导时间状语从句，可以为“于此同时”；二是“只要”，引导条件状语从句While there is life,there is hope.只要生命存在，希望就存在；三是“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，While respected,he is not liked.尽管他很受尊敬，但不被别人喜欢；四是“然而”Jane is dressed in brown while Mary is in blue.14.further在修饰n.时表示“更多的”或者是数量的增加。
考研英语单词
考研英语高频词汇121.a host of = a lot of 大量32.abandon = give up 放弃43.absence 没有，不存在54.abide by = obey; comply with, conform to 遵守65.ab normal ities 不正常76.absolute of: relative; comparative 绝对的87.absor ption 吸收，理解98.abstract of: concrete 抽象的；摘要109.abundance—abundant ly=rich (ness) 充足；大量1110.ab use滥用1211.accelerate—acceleration =speed up 加速1312.access to—access ible 接近；获得1413.accommodate—accommodation 提供食宿；以适应1514.accomplish ment =achievement 成就，圆满完成1615.account for 解释；占据百分比1716.ac count ant 会计1817.accumulat ion 积累1918.accura cy—accura te 精确性2019.ac know ledge 公认、承认2120.acquaint ance 熟人；熟悉（with）2221.acquir e—acqui sition—acqui sitive 获得；学会；习得；合并2322.act on 对…起作用2423.act ively 积极地；主动地2524.adapt to 适应2625.addict 上瘾2726.address 称呼；强调2827.adjoin 毗邻2928.adjust 调节3029.admir ation 景仰；崇拜3130.admi ssion 录取；允许进入；门票3231.adopt 领养；采纳3332.adventur ous 冒险的；历险的3433.advis ability—advis able—advis or—advis ory 可取性—值得建议的—建议者—指导性的3534.advocate 支持；拥护（者）3635.affiliate 附属3736.affinity 关系；酷爱3837.afford 买得起；承受得起代价3938.agenda 议事日程4039.agent 代理人；主体4140.aggravate=worsen 恶化4241.aggressive 挑衅的，好斗的；积极进取的4342.aging 衰老的4443.agony （身心的）极大痛苦4544.aid=help4645.aim 目标4746.alien to 不相容的；与…相反的4847.align with 与…一致4948.all but=almost5049.alleg ation 陈述；声称5150.allocat ion 分配，拨给（款项）5251.allow for 把…考虑在内5352.alone 仅就…而言5453.along one track 顺着某一做事方式5554.alphabet—alphabet ically 字母表—按字母表顺序的5655.alter 改变（衣服大小和容貌）5756.alternative—alternative ly 选择；可供选择的—可供选择地5857.amateur 业余的5958.amazed—amaz ing 惊异的—令人惊异的6059.ambiguous 容易引起歧义的；模棱两可的6160.ambition 雄心；野心6261.amid=in the middle of6362.amount to=reach 达到；到达6463.ample 大的；充足的6564.analogous 类似物，近似物6665.analys is—analyst 分析6766.ancestor 祖先6867.anchor 抛锚；停泊6968.angle 角度7069.announce 宣告7170.anonymous 匿名的7271.anticipate=expect7372.anxi ety 焦虑7473.anything but=not at all 一点也不7574.apart from=besides 除…以外还有7675.apparatus 设备；装置7776.apparent—apparent ly 明显地7877.appeal to=attract 吸引7978.appli ance—appli cable—appli cation 用具；器具—申请；应用8079.appreciate 欣赏；理解；感激8180.apprehensive 忧虑的8281.approach 途径；接近8382.appropriate 合适的；恰当的8483.arbiter 权威人士；仲裁员8584.arbitrary 武断的；刚愎自用的8685.arriv al 到达8786.articulate 明确而有力地表达8887.artist ic 艺术的8988.aspired 有灵感的9089.assault=attack 袭击9190.assemble =get together 集合；组装9291.assert 断言；声称9392.assess—assess able 评估9493.assign 安排；布置9594.assimilate—assimilat ion 同化9695.assist—assist ance =help 帮助9796.assume—assum ption= take on 假设；承担；呈现9897.assure 使某人确信9998.astonish ing 令人震惊的10099.at a loss =confused 迷惑的101 100.at random 随机地102 101.at the mercy of 任由某人处置103 102.at will 任意地；随意地104 103.attach importance to 强调；重视105 104.attain 达到；获得106 105.attempt 企图；试图107 106.attendance—attentive to 关注108 107.attitude 态度109 108.attribute to 把…归因于110 109.auditor 审计员；查帐人111 110.augment 扩大；增加；提高112 111.authentic 地道的113 112.authority—authori ze 权威—授权114 113.automate 自动化115 114.auxiliary 辅助的116 115.average 普通的；平均的117 116.a wake n 唤醒；唤起118 117.aware 意识到；知道119 118.awkwardly 尴尬地120 119.baby boom 婴儿潮121 120.back bone 栋梁；中坚122 121.bait 鱼饵，诱饵123 122.ban 禁止124 123.bank on 寄希望于125 124.barely 几乎不126 125.bargain 讨价还价；便宜货127 126.barrier 障碍128 127.baseline 底线129 128.be absorbed in 全神贯注于130 129.be bound up with 某事物关系密切131 130.be composed of 由…组成132 131.be confined to 局限于133 132.be engaged in 从事于134 133.be fascinated with 被…迷住了135134.be indicat ive of 表明136 135.be obliged to 被迫做某事137 136.be opposed to 反对138 137.be rooted in 以…为根源139 138.bear able 可以忍受的140 139.belt 带状物141 140.benefi cial—benefit 有好处的—利益；对…有好处142 141.betray 背叛143 142.better off 经济状况变得更好144 143.beyond dispute毋庸质疑145 144.bias 偏见146 145.bilingual 双语的147 146.bill 法案148 147.bind ing 受法律约束的149 148.bio medical 生物医学的150 149.bitter 苦涩的，激烈的151 150.blind 盲目的152 151.block 阻碍153 152.bold 大胆的；冒进的154 153.bomb ard…with 攻击某人/物155 154.bonus 奖金；意外的好处156 155.boom 热潮157 156.booth 电话亭158 157.bore 使厌烦159 158.bound 注定；装订160 159.boundary 边界161 160.brake 刹车；阻碍因素162 161.brand 品牌163 162.break down 崩溃164 163.break through—breakthrough突破165 164.breakout 爆发166 165.breed 种；血统；滋生167 166.bright ening 照亮的168 167.bring out 产生169 168.bring under control 控制住170 169.broad ly 从广义上说171 170.brochure 小册子172 171.broker 经纪人173 172.bubble 冒泡；充满喜悦之情174 173.budget 预算175 174.build up 建立176 175.bulk 大块；大量177 176.bunch 一束；一簇178 177.burden some 造成负担的179 178.bureaucracy 官僚机构180179.business 事务181 180.by a large margin 以较大差距赢利182 181.bypass 偏路183 182.byproduct 副产品184 183.call for 要求185 184.call on 拜访186 185.call up 打电话；召集187 186.campaign （没有硝烟的）战争188 187.candidate 候选人189 188.canteen 食堂190 189.cap ability—cap able 能力—能干的191 190.capacity 能力；容量192 191.capital—capital ism首要的/资本—资本主义193 192.captive—capture 俘虏—捕获194 193.care free 无忧无虑的195 194.carry out 实现；完成196 195.carry weight 有影响；有份量；有力197 196.casual—casual ly 随意地198 197.cater to 迎合，满足199 198.caution—cauti ous—cauti ously 小心；谨慎200 199.cease =stop 停止201 200.cement 水泥；巩固，加强202 201.census 人口普查203 202.central ization—central ize 中央集权化204 203.chain 连串；连锁店205 204.chair 主持206 205.channel 频道；渠道207 206.characteristics 特征208 207.cheery 喜气洋洋的209 208.chief ly 主要地210 209.child bearing 生孩子211 210.chip 薄片；芯片；电脑212 211.circ uits 电路；封闭线路213 212.circ umstance 条件214 213.citizen ry 公民身份215 214.civil—civil ization—civil ize 国内的—文明—使文明216 215.claim—claiming声称（对…具有所有权）217 216.clash 冲突218 217.class—class ify类别—分类219 218.classic 古典的；经典的220 219.clear-cut 明确的221 220.client 当事人；顾客222 221.climbing ladder 升职路径223 222.cling to 附着224 223.clinics 诊所225224.clone 克隆；复制226 225.cluster 簇；丛 / 聚集227 226.code 方式228 227.co incidence 巧合229 228.collapse 坍塌230 229.col league 同事231 230.colony 殖民地232 bat 战斗；对抗233 e into being形成234 e on 进步；成长235 mand 掌握；精通236 mercial—commercial ized商业的；广告—商业化237 mi ssion—commit—commit ment238佣金；回扣—犯（罪，错误）239 modity 商品240 munity 一个群体241 mute 通勤（固定往返于两地之间）242 pany 陪伴243 par ative—compar ison 比较而言的—比较244 passion ate 有同情心的245 pel=force 强迫246 pensate—compensat ion=make up弥补；补偿247 petent ly能干地248 petition—competiti veness—competi tor249竞争—竞争激烈—竞争者250 pile编撰251 plement ary补充的252 ponent组成成分253 prehension 理解254 prehensive 全面的，综合的255 press 压缩256 pulsion—compulsive 强制257 254.concept=idea 观念；概念258 255.concern担心，关心259 256.concise简洁的260 257.conclu sive结论性的261 258.concrete具体的262 259.con dense 浓缩263 260.conduct—conductive行为；进行，实施264 261.confer—confer ence商讨；授予—会议265 262.confess承认（坏事）266 263.confide泄露秘密267 264.con firm进一步证实268 265.conflict冲突269 266.conform—conform ity to 遵守；符合270267.confront—confront ation面对；面临271 268.confus ion迷惑272 269.connotation 言外之意273 270.conscious有意识的274 271.consensus共识275 272.consent同意276 273.consequen ce—consequen t—consequen tly277结果—因此的—因此278 274.conserv ation—conserv ative279保护；保守—保护的；保守的280 275.consider ably相当大地，相当多地281 276.consist—consist ently包含—前后一致地282 277.con solid ation巩固；加强283 278.conspicuous 明显的284 279.constitute—constitut ional组成—合乎宪法的285 280.construct = build建造286 281.consult ant—consult ation 咨询专家287 282.contemplative深思熟虑的；沉思的288 283.contemporary当代的；同时代的289 284.contempt—contempt ible轻视；蔑视—可鄙的290 285.contend—conten tion 主张；争辩291 286.context上下文；环境（抽象）292 287.continu ally—continu ous 断断续续的—连续不断的293 288.contract合同；收缩294 289.contradict—contradict ion—contradict ory 矛盾，对立，反驳295 290.contrari ly 相反296 291.contribute—contribut ing导致，造成297 292.controversial 有争议的298 293.convention—convention al常规—常规的299 294.convey= express表达300 295.convince—convinc ing使确信—有说服力的301 296.co operation—co-operative 合作—具有合作精神的302 297.coordinate—coordinat or 协调—协调员303 298.cope对付304 299.corporate—corporat ion 团体的，联合的—公司305 300.cor relation相互联系306 301.correspond—correspond ing一致；通信—有联系的307 302.cost ly昂贵的308 303.council市议会，市政厅309 304.counsel劝告，忠告 / 法律顾问310 305.counter balance—counter part311平衡力，起平衡作用—相对应的人或物312 306.courage ous 无畏的，勇敢的313 307.course路线；课程314 308.cover the cost支付费用315309.craft工艺316 310.creat ionism—creat ivity 创造主义—创造性317 311.credi bility可信度318 312.crisis危机319 313.criteria标准320 314.critical—critical ly—criticize—critics321评论—批评的，关键的—批评地，关键地—批评家322 315.crop收获，收割323 316.crucial关键的324 317.cruel ty残忍325 318.cultivate—cultivat ion培养326 319.cure治愈；疗法327 320.custom ary—custom ize328习惯的，惯例的—顾客化（按顾客意见做）329 321.cut and dried 过分简洁的330 322.cut off 切断331 323.cute 可爱的332 324.cycle 周期333 325.data base 数据库334 326.dazzl ingly 令人目眩地335 327.deal with 处理；和…有关336 328.dece ptive 欺骗性的337 329.declar ation 宣告338 330.decline 下降；拒绝339 331.dedicate 有献身精神的340 332.deduce 演绎；推断341 333.deem=think 认为；相信342 334.deep en深化343 335.defeat打败344 336.defect ive有问题的345 337.defend—defend ant—defend er346防御；辩护—被告—后卫347 338.defer ence 尊重，遵从，服从，顺从348 339.define—defin ition 下定义—定义349 340.definitely 确定无疑地350 341.de grad ation 降级351 342.delay =hold up耽误352 343.deliberately= on purpose 故意地353 344.delicate脆弱的，易损的354 345.deliver—deliver y送货；发言的方式技巧355 346.demand要求；需求356 347.democra cy—democra tic 民主—民主的357 348.demographer人口学家358 349.demonstrate—demonstrat ion=show 表明359 350.dense ly populated人口稠密的360351.deny否认；否决361 352.depend ent upon依靠362 353.depict=describe 描写，描绘363 354.depletion削减；消耗364 355.depress ion抑郁症；经济萧条365 356.derive from=come from; result from来自366 357.descend ant子孙后代367 358.desert沙漠；遗弃368 359.deserve理应得到369 360.desir able称心如意的370 361.despair—desperate绝望—不顾一切的371 362.detach of: attach 分离372 363.destin y 命运373 364.destr uction 毁灭374 365.detect ing 探测的375 366.determine—determin ism决定—决定论376 367.deteriorate 恶化377 368.detrimental =harmful 有害的378 369.de value d 贬值的379 370.devised 设计的380 371.devote 贡献381 372.die out 消亡382 373.differ—d iffer entiation不同—差异；区别对待383 374.diffuse 消散384 375.digi tal 数字的；数码的385 376.dignity 尊严386 377.dilute 稀释387 378.dimension 空间；维度388 379.di mini sh 逐渐变小；逐渐消失389 380.direct ory 电话簿390 381.dis able 残疾391 382.dis advantaged 处于劣势的392 383.discard 抛弃393 384.discern 辨别；识别394 385.discipline 纪律；学科395 386.dis comfort 不舒适396 387.dis connect 断开连接397 388.dis content with不满意；不满足398 389.discourse 话语399 390.dis cover y 发现400 391.discriminat ion歧视；鉴别；区别401 392.dis grace d 丢脸的402 393.disguise 伪装403 394.dis honest 不诚实404 395.dis honor 丢脸405396.dis integrate 分解；瓦解；崩溃406 397.dis junction 不交汇407 398.dis order 无序；紊乱408 399.dis organize d无组织的409 400.disparaging贬低性言语410 401.dis passion无激情411 402.disperse 驱散412 403.dispute争执413 404.dis regard漠视，不关心414 405.dis satisfaction 不满意415 406.dis solve 溶解416 407.distant 遥远的417 408.dis taste for 无品味418 409.distinct ion—distinct ly 区别；明显地419 410.distinguish from区别420 411.distort歪曲；扭曲421 412.dis tract使分心422 413.dis trust 不信任423 414.diverse—diversity多元的，多样的—多元化，多样化424 415.diver sion 偏离，转向425 416.divi sive 造成分裂的426 417.do one’s bid 努力427 418.doctrine 教义428 419.dome 圆顶429 420.domestic 国内的；家庭的430 421.dominant—dominate占主导地位的—主导，支配431 422.doom 注定；劫数432 423.dos age—dose 剂量433 424.down scale 裁员434 425.down shifting 下降趋势435 426.down size 裁员436 427.doze off 打盹437 428.draft 草稿，初稿438 429.drama tic—drama tically—drama tize439戏剧性地—戏剧性的—戏剧化440 430.draw from 从中提取441 431.draw up 草拟；制订442 432.draw back 缺陷，不足443 433.dread—dread ful 可怕；可怕的444 434.drift 漂流445 435.driving force 驱动力446 436.drop out 中途退出447 437.dubious ly 怀疑地，犹豫地448 438.dull 笨拙的；沉闷的449 439.duplicat ion=copy 复制450440.dur able 耐久的451 441.dwell 居住，详细讨论，总是考虑452 442.dynamic 动态的453 443.eager ness 热心，渴望454 444.effect 影响；导致—效果455 445.effort less 毫不费力的456 446.e labor ate 详尽的457 447.electronic—electronics电子的—电子学458 448.elegant 优雅的459 449.elevate 抬起，举起，升高460 450.eliminate—eliminat ion 消除461 451.elite—elit ism精英—精英主义462 452.ember 余烬463 453.embrace 拥抱，包含；体现464 454.emerge—emerge nce 出现465 455.emergency 紧急情况466 456.eminent =outstanding; remarkable; famous467 457.emit 发出，散发468 458.emphasi s 重点469 459.en counter 遇见470 460.en danger 使有危险471 461.endeavor 努力472 462.end less 无尽的473 463.ends 目的474 464.endure 忍受475 465.energ etic 精力充沛的476 466.enhance加强，增强477 467.en light en 启发478 468.en list注册；招募479 469.enquir y 询问；调查480 470.en rich 使丰富481 471.en sure 确保482 472.entail 使…成为必要483 473.enterprise 事业；企业484 474.entertain er 娱乐者485 475.en throne 使就任；提拔486 476.enthusiastic 热心的，热情的487 477.entire ly 完全地488 478.entitle 使有权做某事489 479.entrepreneur 企业家490 480.envy 嫉妒491 481.epidemic 流行性的492 482.episode 片断493 483.epithet 描述性短语494 484.equa te…with 等同于495485.equi valent 相等的496 486.essen tial 必要的497 487.ethical—ethics 道德的498 488.even ly 均匀的499 489.eventual ly =in the end最终的500 490.evolutio nary—evolve 进化的，发展的—进化，发展501 491.exaggerat ion 夸张502 492.exceed 超过except for—except ion— exception al 除了—例外—格外的503 493.excessive过多的，过度的504 494.ex change交换，交流505 495.executive行政管理的（人员）506 496.exemplify 举例说明507 497.exercise 行使508 498.exert 强加509 499.exhaust 耗尽510 500.exotic 来自外国的511 501.expan sion 扩充512 502.expect ation 期望513 503.expla natory 解释性的514 504.explicit ly 明确地515 505.exploit ation 开发、利用516 506.explos ion—explosive 爆炸—爆炸性的517 507.expose—expos ure暴露518 508.express ive表达能力强的；富有表现力的519 509.extend—extend ed family 延伸—大家庭520 510.ex ternal外部的521 511.extinct灭绝522 512.extinguish熄灭523 513.extravagantly奢侈的524 514.fabric结构525 515.fabricate锻造，伪造526 516.fact ual事实的；真实的527 517.faculty才能；教职工；学院528 518.fade—fad ing 褪色，逐渐消失529 519.faith fully 忠诚地；忠实地530 520.fall short of 不足531 521.fall victim to 成为牺牲品532 522.fame 名声533 523.fanci ful—fancy富于幻想的—想象534 524.far from一点也不535 525.farfetched牵强的；夸张的536 526.far-reaching（影响）深远的537 527.fascinat ion魅力538 528.fashion 时尚539 529.fat 丰厚的540530.fatal 致命的541 531.feature特色542 532.federal联邦制的543 533.fertile肥沃的；多产的544 534.fever ishly心急如焚的545 535.fiction小说546 536.fierce强烈的547 537.figure数字548 538.finance 财政；提供资金549 539.find fault with挑剔550 540.finite 有限的551 541.fix 修理；固定552 542.flat 扁平的；断然的553 543.flaw 瑕疵；缺陷554 544.flee =escape 逃跑555 545.float 漂浮556 546.flourish繁荣；昌盛；兴旺557 547.fluctuate波动558 548.focus 焦点559 549.for the sake of为了…的缘故560 550.forbid禁止561 551.force fully—force强有力地—力562 552.formulate —formulation制订；确切表达—公式；确切表达563 553.forsake 放弃564 554.fortune 运气；发财565 555.forum 论坛566 556.fraction 一部分567 557.frame 框架568 558.freight （运输）货物569 559.frenzy 极度狂热570 560.frequent ly 经常571 561.frown 皱眉；反对572 562.fruit ful—fruitless 富有成果的573 563.frustrate—frustrat ion 挫败574 564.fuel 燃料；加燃料，促进575 565.fulfill 实现576 566.function—function al 功能；起作用577 567.further 进一步；推进578 568.futur ist 未来学家579 569.gamble 赌博580 570.gender 性别581 571.general ization 归纳582 572.gene rate—generat ion—genetic ally583产生—代—从基因来看584 573.geological—geology 地理的—地理学585574.get stuck 卡住，陷入不动586 575.giant 巨大的587 576.gigantic 巨大的588 577.give birth to 产生，导致589 578.give rise to 产生，导致590 579.give thought to 考虑某事591 580.glimpse 一瞥592 581.global ization 全球化593 582.gloomy 阴郁的；不景气的594 583.glowing 热烈的595 584.go off 变质 / 爆炸596 585.gold rush 淘金热597 586.good-for-nothing 无用的人598 587.good ness 善良，美德，精华599 ern 统治600 589.grand 宏伟的601 590.granted 被批准的602 591.graph 图表603 592.grasp 抓住；理解604 593.gravity 重力605 594.greedy 贪婪的606 595.griev ance 悲痛607 596.grip 紧抓住608 597.gross 总的609 598.guarantee 保证，担保；质保610 599.guard against 防御，抵制，防止611 600.guid ance—guide line 指导—指南612 601.guilt y 有罪的；内疚的613 602.habit ual 习惯性的614 603.halve (half) 对半分；减半615 604.handicap 残疾；不足616 605.handle = deal with 处理617 606.harbor 港口；庇护618 607.harmoni ous 和谐的619 608.harness 利用620 609.hasten 使匆忙621 610.haunt 萦绕622 611.have one’s way 自有一套623 612.head line 头条624 613.head-scratch ing 令人头疼的625 614.heavi ly 程度深地626 615.heighten 提高627 616.heritage 遗产（文化）628 617.hesitate 犹豫629 618.high light 强调630619.hinder 阻碍631 620.histor ian 历史学家632 621.hold back 阻止；抑制；克制633 622.hold on 坚持634 623.hook 钩子；钩住635 624.horizon 地平线；眼界；（知识的）范围636 625.horrify 令人害怕637 626.hospitality 好客638 627.host 男主人；男主持人639 628.hostil ity—hostile 敌意640 629.house hold 家庭641 630.human e—human ity 仁慈的—人性642 631.humble 谦卑的，谦恭的643 632.humiliation 不光彩；耻辱644 633.husbandry 农牧业645 634.hyper active 多动的646 635.identical 一模一样的647 636.identif iable—identify识别；辨别648 637.ideology 意识形态649 638.ignor ance—ignor ant 无知；不知道650 639.ill-treat 虐待651 640.illuminating 富有启发性的652 641.illustrate 举例说明653 642.imagin ation—imagi native 想象力—富有想象力的654 643.imitate 模仿655 644.immense 巨大的656 645.immigrant 移民657 646.im moral 不道德的658 647.immune to —immun ization对…有免疫力—不受影响659 648.impact （深远的）影响660 649.im part ial 公正的，不偏袒的661 650.im patien t 不耐烦的662 651.imperative 必要的，强制性的663 652.impetus 推动；刺激；促进664 653.implement ation 实施665 654.impli cation 外之意666 655.implicit 暗示的667 656.im polite 不礼貌的668 657.impose 强加669 658.im pover ished 使贫困670 659.im practical 不切实际的671 660.im prison 囚禁672 661.im proper 不恰当的673 662.im pulse冲动；刺激；推动力674 663.in brief 总而言之675664.in case 万一676 665.in contrast with/to 和…形成对比、相反677 666.in despair 绝望地678 667.in effect =in fact 事实上679 668.in favor of 支持，赞成680 669.in honor of 为了纪念…;为了表示敬意681 670.in no time 立刻；马上682 671.in no way 不同意683 672.in one wave after another 一批接一批684 673.in proportion (to)和…成比例685 674.in quest of 寻求，搜寻686 675.in question 正被考虑或讨论687 676.in return 作为回报688 677.in the face of 面对某事；不顾689 678.in the light of 鉴于，考虑到。
1997考研英语阅读真题(Text4)
1997考研英语阅读真题(Text4) No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation."Is this what you intended tol accomplish with your careers?"Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week."【第23题】You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?"At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It's aself-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin,56, who took over for the late Steve Ross【第24题】in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company's mountainous debt, which will increase to $ 17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company's rap music on the grounds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T's violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet."The test of any democratic society,"he wrotein a Wall Street Journal column,""lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won't retreat in the face of any threats."Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand 【第25题】, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that"music is not the cause of society's ills"and even cited his son,a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the "balanced struggle" between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter."Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,"says Luce."I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this."一、文章结构分析这是一篇关于大众传媒题材的文章。
1997考研英语(一)答案及解析
1997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points)1. The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds, ________ could gopenniless by next year.[A] the larger one[B] the larger of which[C] the largest one[D] the largest of which2. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always ________ with other elements,most commonly with oxygen.[A] combined[B] having combined[C] combine[D] being combined3. Andrew, my father’s younger brother, will not be at the picnic, ________ to the family’sdisappointment.[A] much[B] more[C] too much[D] much more4. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ________ fullyoccupied the whole of last week.[A] were[B] had been[C] have been[D] was5. Help will come from the UN, but the aid will be ________ near what’s needed.[A] everywhere[B] somewhere[C] nowhere[D] anywhere6. The chief reason for the population growth isn’t so much a rise in birth rates ________ a fall indeath rates as a result of improvements in medical care.[A] and[B] as[C] but[D] or7. He claims to be an expert in astronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject.________ he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.[A] What little[B] So much[C] How much[D] So little8. Although we feel dissatisfied with the election results, we have to become reconciled________ the decision made by our fellow countrymen.[A] for[B] on[C] to[D] in9. Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone ________ to thesystem, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.[A] adding[B] to have added[C] to add[D] added10. The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are sotrivial and few as hardly ________.[A] noticed[B] to be noticed[C] being noticed[D] to noticePart BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (5 points)Example:A number ofA foreign visitors were takenBto the industrial exhibition whichCthey sawDmanynew products.Part [C] is wrong. The sentence should read, “A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition where they saw many new products.” So you should choose [C].11. Although Professor Green’s lectures usually ran overA the fifty-minuteBperiod, but noneCofhis students evenDobjected as they found his lectures both informative and interesting.12. WhenA Edison died, it was proposed that the American people turned offBall powerCin theirhomes, streets, and factories for several minutes in honor ofDthis great man.13. They pointed outA the damage whichBthey supposed thatChad been done by last night’sDstorm.14. Because ofA the recent accidents, our parents forbid my brother and me from swimmingBin theriver unlessC someone agrees to watchDover us.15. A great manyA teachers firmlyBbelieve that English is one of the poorest-taughtCsubjects inhigh schools at present.D16. In this way these insects show an efficient use of their sound-producedA ability, organizingBtwo sounds deliveredC at a high rate as one call.D17. I thought the technician was to blameA for the blowingBof the fuse, but I see now howCI wasDmistaken.18. For him to be re-electedA what is essential is not that his policy worksB, but thatCthe publicbelieve that it is.D19. As far asA I am concerned, his politics areBrather conservative comparedCwith otherpoliticians.D20. I’d say whenever you are goingA after something that is belongingBto you, anyone whois deprivingC you of the right to have it is criminal.DPart CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)Example:The lost car of the Lees was found ________ in the woods off the highway.[A] vanished[B] scattered[C] abandoned[D] rejectedThe s entence should read, “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.” Therefore, you should choose [C].21. When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them ________.[A] off[B] aside[C] out22. The wealth of a country should be measured ________ the health and happiness of its peopleas well as the material goods it can produce.[A] in line with[B] in terms of[C] in regard with[D] by means of23. He has failed me so many times that I no longer place any ________ on what he promises.[A] faith[B] belief[C] credit[D] reliance24. My students found the book ________: it provided them with an abundance of information onthe subject.[A] enlightening[B] confusing[C] distracting[D] amusing25. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will________ down the economy.[A] put[B] settle[C] drag[D] knock26. In this factory the machines are not regulated ________ but are jointly controlled by a centralcomputer system.[A] independently[B] individually[C] irrespectively[D] irregularly27. Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causesenergy to be ________ in some form.[A] given off[C] set off[D] used up28. If businessmen are taxed too much, they will no longer be motivated to work hard, with theresult that incomes from taxation might actually ________.[A] shrink[B] delay[C] disperse[D] sink29. American companies are evolving from mass-production manufacturing to ________enterprises.[A] moveable[B] changing[C] flexible[D] varying30. If you know what the trouble is, why don’t you help them to ________ the situation?[A] simplify[B] modify[C] verify[D] rectify31. I can’t ________ what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked thismorning.[A] figure out[B] draw out[C] look out[D] work out32. I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat ________.[A] disapproval[B] rejection[C] refusal[D] decline33. From this material we can ________ hundreds of what you may call direct products.[B] discern[C] diminish[D] displace34. She had clearly no ________ of doing any work, although she was very well paid.[A] tendency[B] ambition[C] intention[D] willingness35. What seems confusing or fragmented at first might well become ________ a third time.[A] clean and measurable[B] notable and systematic[C] pure and wholesome[D] clear and organic36. The public opinion was that the time was not ________ for the election of such a radicalcandidate as Mr. Jones.[A] reasonable[B] ripe[C] ready[D] practical37. Hudson said he could not kill a living thing except for the ________ of hunger.[A] sensation[B] cause[C] purpose[D] motive38. For the new country to survive, ________ for its people to enjoy prosperity, new economicpolicies will be required.[A] to name a few[B] let alone[C] not to speak[D] let’s s ay39. Foreign disinvestment and the ________ of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985further weakened its economy.[A] displacement[B] elimination[C] exclusion[D] exception40. When a number of people ________ together in a conversational knot, each individualexpresses his position in the group by where he stands.[A] pad[B] pack[C] squeeze[D] clusterSection II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (10 points)Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the world’s largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 41into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day’s work for a day’s pay. One day at a time. 42industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 43reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.44its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “45” work force is the most important 46in American business today, and it is 47changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 50 that came from being a loyal employee.41. [A] swarm [B] stride [C] separate [D] slip42. [A] For [B] Because [C] As [D] Since43. [A] from [B] in [C] on [D] by44. [A] Even though [B] Now that [C] If only [D] Provided that45. [A] durable [B] disposable [C] available [D] transferable46. [A] approach [B] flow [C] fashion [D] trend47. [A] instantly [B] reversely [C] fundamentally [D] sufficiently48. [A] but [B] while [C] and [D] whereas49. [A] imposed [B] restricted [C] illustrated [D] confined50. [A] excitement [B] conviction [C] enthusiasm [D] importanceSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points)Text 1It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day l ong, because of course this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.”The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia -- where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part -- other states are going to consider making a similar law to dealwith euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death -- probably by a deadly injection or pill -- to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, becau se I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.51. From the second paragraph we learn that ________.[A] the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries[B] physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia[C] changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law[D] it takes time to realize the significance of the law’s passage52. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means________.[A] observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia[B] similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries[C] observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes[D] the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop53. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will ________.[A] face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia[B] experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient[C] have an intense fear of terrible suffering[D] undergo a cooling off period of seven days54. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________.[A] opposition[B] suspicion[C] approval[D] indifferenceText 2A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpfulmost Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world.The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation.Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner -- amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the wo rd “friend,” the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.55. In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, ________.[A] rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US[B] small-minded officials deserve a serious comment[C] Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors[D] most Americans are ready to offer help56. It could be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.[A] culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship[B] courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated[C] various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends[D] social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions57. Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ________.[A] to improve their hard life[B] in view of their long-distance travel[C] to add some flavor to their own daily life[D] out of a charitable impulse58. The tradition of hospitality to strangers ________.[A] tends to be superficial and artificial[B] is generally well kept up in the United States[C] is always understood properly[D] has something to do with the busy tourist trailsText 3Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug. Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts. They don’t realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs. This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists. The phr ase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves. When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses? First of all, most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions. Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system, whereas depressants slow it down. Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including producing hallucinations. These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning “mind-manifesting”) because they seemed to radically alter one’s state of consciousness.59. “Substance abuse” (Line 5, Paragraph 1) is preferable to “drug abuse” in that ________.[A] substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used[B] “drug abuse” is only related to a limited number of drug takers[C] alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine[D] many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous60. The word “pervasive” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean ________.[A] widespread[B] overwhelming[C] piercing[D] fashionable61. Physical dependence on certain substances results from ________.[A] uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time[B] exclusive use of them for social purposes[C] quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases[D] careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms62. From the last paragraph we can infer that ________.[A] stimulants function positively on the mind[B] hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health[C] depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances[D] the three types of psychoactive substances are commonly used in groupsText 4No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our na tion and threaten our children as well?”At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the company’s mountainous debt, which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grou nds of expression. In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. “The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.”Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing versesat last month’s stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say se veral of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the comp any have only recently come to realize this.”63. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for ________.[A] its raising of the corporate stock price[B] its self-examination of soul[C] its neglect of social responsibility[D] its emphasis on creative freedom64. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?[A] Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.[B] Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.[C] Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.[D] Steve Ross is no longer alive.65. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman ________.[A] stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression[B] softened his tone and adopted some new policy[C] changed his attitude and yielded to objection[D] received more support from the 15-member board66. The best title for this passage could be ________.[A] A Company under Fire[B] A Debate on Moral Decline[C] A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture[D] A Form of Creative FreedomText 5Much of the language used to describe mo netary policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes,” makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth. The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain. And there are long,variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy. Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel.Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late. Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.It is also less than most forecasters had predicted. In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America’s inflation rate would a verage 3.5% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6% in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole. In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America’s, have little productive slack. America’s capacity utilization, for example, hi t historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment -- the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.67. From the passage we learn that ________.[A] there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates[B] economy will always follow certain models[C] the economic situation is better than expected[D] economists had foreseen the present economic situation68. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?[A] Making monetary policies is comparable to driving a car[B] An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation[C] A high unemployment rate will result from inflation[D] Interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy69. The sentence “This is no flash in the pan” (Line 5, Paragraph 3) means that ________.[A] the low inflation rate will last for some time[B] the inflation rate will soon rise[C] the inflation will disappear quickly[D] there is no inflation at present。
1997考研英语阅读理解答案
1997考研英语阅读理解答案（1997）Part 1重点词汇：•parlia menta ry（议会的，国会的）• A parlia ment is nothin g less than a big meetin g of more or less idle people.议会无非是多少有些懒散的人们的一个大聚会。
•incura bly（不可治地）a incura bly disease 不治之症。
•turn back 逆转，往回走。
•euthanasia（安乐死）•domino（多米诺骨牌）用谐音记。
•diagnose （v.诊断）•certif icate ?（证书•object ion（反对）•sink in 被了解；•cool off 使冷静。
试题解析：1. 【正确答案】[D]2. 【正确答案】[B]3. 【正确答案】[A]4. 【正确答案】[C]全文翻译：凌晨3:45进行了最终表决。
经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地区（澳北州）成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
这一法案是以令人信服的15票对10票通过。
几乎同时，该消息就出现在互联网上。
身处地球另一端的加拿大死亡权利执行主席约翰•霍夫塞斯在收到该消息后便通过协会的在线服务“死亡之网”发了公告。
他说：“我们整天都在发布公告，因为这件事的意义不在于它是在澳大利亚发生的事情，而是因为这是世界历史的一件大事。
”要充分理解这一法案的深刻意义可能需要一段时间。
澳北州晚期病人权利法使得无论是内科医生还是普通市民都同样地力图从道义和实际意义两方面来对待这一问题。
一些人如释重负，另一些人，包括教会，生命权利组织以及澳大利亚医学会成员都对这一决议及其仓促的通过进行了猛烈的抨击。
1997年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译
但为君故系列
C. 改变其态度并向反对派屈服。 D. 获得了董事会十五位成员更多的支持。 66. 这篇文章最好的标题是： （） A. 遭到责难的公司。 B. 一场关于道德败坏的争论 。 C. 街头文化的合法表达（途径 。 D. 一种表现创作自由的形式。
6
TEXT 5
许多用来描述货币政策的语言，如“引导经济软着陆”或“踩一下刹车”都 使其听起来像是一门精确的科学。事实远非如此。利率与通货膨胀之间的关系难 以确定。 而且在政策的改变见效于经济之前还有长时间的、变化无常的滞后间隔 期。 于是才有把货币政策的知道比作驾驶一辆带有黑色的挡风玻璃、破裂的后视 镜及失灵的方向盘的汽车的比喻。 考虑到这些不利因素， 主要银行家似乎对近来之形势有许多夸耀之处。七大 工业国经济的平均通货膨胀率去年降至仅 2.3%，接近 30 年来的最低水平，今 年 7 月微微升至 2.5%。 这远远低于许多国家在 70 年代及 80 年代初经历的两位 数比率。 这也低于许多预测者预言的数字。1994 年后期接受《经济学家》杂志每月 意见调查的一组经济学家指出，美国 1995 年平均通货膨胀率将达到 3.5%。事 实上 8 月份它降至 2.6%，并有希望在全年达到平均仅为 3%。英国和日本的通 货膨胀率实际上比去年年底预测的要低半个百分点。这并非是昙花一现，在过去 的几年里英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预期的水平。 经济学家一直对英美两国良好的通货膨胀数据特别感到惊诧， 因为常规措施 表明两国的经济，尤其是美国经济，很少有生产萧条期。例如，美国的生产力利 用率在今年前段时间创下了历史高水平，而它的失业率（8 月份为 5.6%）已降 至低于对自然失业率的大多数估测——过去当比率低于自然失业率时，通货膨 胀率已急剧上升。 什么时候， 通货膨胀已变得如此和缓？不幸的是最令人激动的解释却有些不 尽完美。 一些经济学家认为世界上巨大的结构变化已推翻了基于增长与通货膨胀 之间的历史关联之上的旧的经济模式。 67. 从文章中我们可以知道（） A. 通货膨胀与利率有直接关系。 B. 经济（的运行）总是遵循某些模式。 C. 经济形势比预想的好。 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故
考研英语阅读真题1997解析
1997考研英语阅读真题解析Text 1核心词汇bitter［5bitE］a.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的;严寒的，刺骨的calm［ka:m］a.(天气,海洋等)静的n.平静v.(使)平静certificate［sE5tifikit］n.证书(certif（y）+ic+ate)，certify证明，ic形容词后缀，ate作名词后缀表“物”，于是“具证明性质的东西”→证书diagnose［5daiE^nEuz］ v.诊断domino［5dCminEu］n.多米诺骨牌euthanasia［7ju:WE5neiziE］n.安乐死(eu+than+asia)，eu谐音“已有”，than比，asia亚洲，“安乐死在亚洲之外的地方已有了”incurably［in5kjuErEbli］ad.不能矫正地，不可治地（in不+curably）即in+cur+ably，in 否定前缀，cur词根“治疗”，ably可……地；形容词形式为incurable←in+cur+able objection［Eb5dVekFEn］n. 反对,异议, 缺陷, 妨碍, 拒绝之理由。
同根词：reject→re （=back）+ject→扔回去→拒绝；inject→in+ject→向里扔→注入parliamentary［7pB:lE5mentEri］a.议会的，国会的(parliament+ary)suspicion［sEs5piFEn］n.怀疑，猜疑；一点儿，少量（sus+spic+ion→在下面看→怀疑）terrify［5terifai］v.使害怕,使惊恐（terr+ify动词后缀）territory［5teritEri］n.领土;版图;领域,范围（terr+itory表示场所范围→地的范围→领土）难句剖析难句1After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.［分析］句子主干是“...Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority...”，其中，句首是表示时间的介词词组作状语：after six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates，后面的动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to...，修饰legal authority，who引导定语从句who wish to die修饰前面的patients。
97-06历年考研英语词汇【含完形】
考研英语历年真题词汇2006年试卷单词整理【完型填空】Toward 走向……/-independence 独立，自立generally、almost 修饰肯定句/hardly 修饰否定句Lodge 门房；旅馆，小屋（山林）shelter 收容所，庇护处；隐蔽处Dwell 居住，住所，公寓stroll 漫步，散步vi+along/ strolling 巡回演出Wander 漫步，散步，闲逛，徘徊vi/vtturn around 好转（情况），扭转Comprehensive 广泛的，综合的，全面地；理解的as sb puts it 正如某人所说[固定搭配]【阅读理解】（一）Homogenize 同化，吸收，使均匀/assimilate democratize 民主化/democracyDiscourse 谈话，谈论，演讲elegant 文雅的，高雅的，雅致的Intimate 亲密的，隐私的，朋友；宣布v altogether 全部，完全，总共Elevate 举起，提高，提升forum 论坛，法庭，讨论会Unprecedented=unparallel 空前的index (pl. indice)索引，指标，指数Bilingual 双语的，能说两种语言的pocket of 小范围的，局部的Seethe 生闷气，强压怒气；沸腾view against 比较Turbulent 骚乱的，吵闹的，暴乱的deteriorate 使恶化，使变糟（二）Hostile 不友好的，敌对的，敌意的superb 庄重的，极好的，完美的Townsfolk 市民，居民live off 靠……生活，以……为主Worthy 令人敬仰的，相称的；知名人士frankly 坦白地，真诚地，坦率地Playgoer 戏迷，爱看戏的人wing 侧厅；翅膀；（组织的）派别Lounge 闲逛，休闲室，休息室；长沙发decorate 装饰，点缀；装潢，修饰In a row 连续几次sandal 凉鞋，便鞋；scandal 丑闻Flagstone 石板（三）Game 猎物，野味，野食；比赛，竞赛fishery 渔场，渔业；水产业Predator 食肉动物，掠夺者vessel 船，容器，脉管，导管Sonar 声纳，声波定位仪bait 鱼饵，诱惑物；中途休息Hook 钩；挂钩；v钩住，上瘾shark 鲨鱼；骗子；内行，专家；敲诈Take into account 考虑marine 船队，水兵，海运；海事的Yield 生产；产量，收益crop 农作物，庄稼；收成，收获v(四)Weird 不寻常的，奇异的，奇怪的insipid 没有味道的，平淡的Phony 假的，伪造的，欺骗的perpetual 不间断的，终身的Massacre 屠杀，残杀；使惨败innocent 无辜，清白Damn 谴责，指责，咒骂，该死depicture 描绘，刻画；depictExhaust 用尽，耗尽，是筋疲力尽exhausted 精疲力尽的，疲惫的Worship 崇拜，礼拜，尊敬/worshiper 信徒peril 危机，危险n/vtWorms 蠕虫，蛆虫；蠕动vbummer 坏事，吸毒，无赖，乞讨者Bombardment 炮击，轰击anchor 主持人，主播；锚定，把……固定Beaming 喜洋洋的，愉快的；光亮的agenda 任务，代理人Lure 引诱，诱惑，勾引，诱饵【新题型】Casino 赌场，娱乐场coupon 优惠券Patronage 光顾，惠顾；保护，支持pathologic 病理的，病态的Stern 严厉的，苛刻的，难以忍受的pornography 色情文学，色情描写【翻译】Plead 要求，辩护conscience 良心，道德，良知；conscious 自觉的，有意识的；concise 简明的，简洁的Articulate 发音清晰的，口齿清晰in the light of 根据，依据Analogous 类似的，相似的cook 伪造；厨师，烹调Eminent 显赫的，杰出的，著名的doctor 修改，改正；医生；博士2005年试卷单词整理【完型填空】Commit 犯错误，干坏事，提交，答应commit to 献身于，致力于Dedicate 奉献，献身，致力dedicate to 献身于，忠诚于Confine 限制，禁闭，局限于confine to 局限于，Track 追踪，追寻destine 注定，命中注定，预定Destination 目的地，终点only if 只有在……的时候，（强调条件）Even if 即使（表示让步）if only 但愿，真希望（强烈愿望，后加虚拟）Determine 测定，确定；决定，下决心dilute 冲淡，稀释Dissolve 溶解，溶于disperse 消散，分散Diffuse 使（热量、气体）扩散；传播impulse (神经)冲动，推动力Subject to受……支配；经历，遭受drawn to 被吸引，对……感兴趣Left to 被留交，被交托expose to 体会到，接触到In + adj =反义词ineffective 无效果的，不起作用的Incompetent 无能力的，不胜任的inefficient 效率低下的，效率差的Insufficient 不充分的，不充足的trigger 引发，激发Nevertheless 然而，不过（表转折）be sick of=be tired of 厌倦的，厌烦的Repel 使厌恶，使反感along with 连同……一起，表并列Aside from 除……以外underrate 低估，看轻Indicate 指出，象征，预示，简要说明indicate to 说明Deliberate 深思熟虑的，谨慎；故意，蓄谋【阅读理解】（一）V anish 消失，突然消失grieve 使悲痛，哀悼，使痛苦Slack 懈怠，松懈slacker 懒鬼slacking 松懈，懒散；萧条，不景气Have a reputation for sth = have the reputation of 因……而著名Outrage 使震惊，使愤慨grievance 不满，不足，抱怨；叹气Readily 乐意地，高兴地；容易counterpart(相对应的)人或物；相似的人或物Cucumber 黄瓜adjoining 相邻的，紧挨的（adjacent）Chamber 房间，会所，议院toss 扔，掷Induce 引起，诱使resentment 怨恨，不满；反感Evolve 形成，进化，发展stem （植物）茎、干；起源于——stem from Indignation 倾斜，义愤，愤怒temperament 气质，性情，性格Incline 倾斜，斜坡，偏向，偏爱jealous 嫉妒的，猜疑的，妒嫉的Attentive 注意的，关注的，周到的resent 怨恨，不满，愤怒；反感Weigh 有意义，有影响，压力，权衡weigh on 重压于，压于，施压于（二）Incondusive 不确凿的lobby 游说，为说服Nonsense 胡言乱语，胡说八道parallel 相似的，类似的Enlist 支持，召集，征募panel 团队，小组Preface 前言pour 倾泻，排放，涌入Prudent 谨慎的，慎重的，小心的paralysis 瘫痪，麻痹Steward 乘务员，管理员bill 账单，表单，议案Incentive 动机，刺激，诱因，奖励buy 接纳，承认，接受Fashion 形成，制造；使适合（to）hinder 阻碍，阻拦，妨碍Press for 迫切要求（三）Suspend 延期，推迟，暂停，暂缓susceptible 易感染的，敏感的Formulate 阐明，用公式表示disguise 假装，隐瞒，掩饰Shadow 预示，阴影，影子thermostat 自动调温器，调节器Harness 支配，控制Limbic 边缘的，脑边缘系统Prefrontal 前额的cortex 皮层，树皮，脑皮层Work through 克服recur 复发，重现，再来Visualize 设想，想象，形象化at the end of the day 说穿了，说到底Panic 惊慌，恐慌（四）Command 命令，指挥，驾驭gift 天赋，才能，礼物，赠品Aspire （to）渴望，有志气，渴求degradation 退化，降级，坠落Counter 相反的，反对物；计算器permissive 放纵的，许可的Regret 遗憾，悔恨n\vcult 宗教礼拜，祭仪，礼拜式Authentic 可靠的，可信的，真实地，权威的spell 拼写；导致Modest 谦虚地，谦让的，适度的，一般的seek(sought) 寻找，搜索，寻找Genre 类型，流派spontaneity 自然发挥，自发性Array 排列，系列；军队；大批convey 运输，表达，运送，表达Chunk 大块，大量；矮胖的人或物acknowledge 承认，表示感谢；认为Humble 卑下的，微贱的，谦逊的temporary 临时的，暂时的，短暂的Groan 叹息，呻吟，叹气pharma- 药物的pharmacologist 药物学家Pool 水池，池塘；合伙经营，联营，共享likelihood 可能性，（promising）Scream 抗议；尖叫，喊叫声fork 叉子，餐叉；分配，承担Duplication 副本，复制；重复【翻译】parcel 包裹，邮包；部分Profoundly 深深地，衷心地；深刻的/profound Discipline 纪律，训练；学科；惩罚forge 锻造，伪造，稳步前进Sharpen 使敏锐，削尖，变锋利reaction 反作用，反应；反馈Peoples 民族，种族profound 深刻的，深奥的，意义深远的2004年试卷单词整理【完型填空】Juvenile 青少年的，幼稚的，n\adelinquency 行为不良，错失；犯罪Penalize 处罚v，penal 刑事的amisdeed 罪行，犯罪Interaction 相互作用，干扰，相互影响assimilation 同化，吸收，消化Consultation 请教，咨询rejection 拒绝\rejectDiscard 丢弃，抛弃，解雇，排放，扔掉tentative 尝试的；假设的；暂时的\n试验，假设Gainful 有利益的，唯利是图的offensive 冒犯的，讨厌的，无礼的Frustration 挫败，挫折，受挫hightlighting 突出的Undertaken 承担，着手simultaneously 同时地Heritage 遗产，传统hesitate 犹豫Allocation 分配，拨款provided 倘若，假设，（表条件）Supposing 如果，假设（表条件）simultaneity 同时发生，同时【阅读理解】（一）Stumble 绊倒，使绊倒；错误，失败stumble across\ on\upon 偶尔，无意中找到Criteria 标准，规范criterion的复数notification 通知书，布告（notify）Promising 有希望的，可能的drawback 缺点，障碍，缺陷，不利条件Career 求职，职业，经历，生涯counsel 商议，评议，意见，劝告counselor Abreast 并肩的，并排的；最新的，赶得上的tempt 诱惑，引诱，吸引Sign up 注册strike 邂逅，发现；罢工，打击，殴打Opening 有空缺的职位compensation 赔偿金；薪水，工资（二）Condemn 谴责，反对；宣判……不适用insidious 阴险的，不知不觉中进行的aAlphabet 字母表，-ism 教条系统、理论thumb 拇指，指套的；翻阅，弄脏，弄坏Thumb through 翻阅一遍，查找halve 二等分；平均分担，把……减半Suspiciously 猜疑地，怀疑地respectively 各自地，分别地Thrive 繁荣，旺盛，兴旺，茁壮成长predecessor 前辈，前任Strike 吃惊，令人惊讶dreamt up 虚构，构思设计Rot 腐烂；胡说，荒唐的想法the rot sets in 情况开始出毛病Humiliation 羞辱，蒙羞shortlist （供最后挑选用的）候选人名单Plough through 费劲的阅读，吃力地钻研，艰难的通过（三）Manicurist 指甲修饰师polish 磨光，擦亮；使优美，使润湿Downscale 缩减开支，缩减……的规模dealership 代理权，经销权Frenzy 狂暴，狂乱，暴怒lining 衬里，衬套，内衬Folk 人们，社会成员；民间的，通俗的toast 敬酒，烤面包片，祝酒Statesman 政治家ingredient 配料，成份，因素Broker 经济人bubble 泡沫（强调经济）Outlet 专卖店；出口，出路，销路panic 慌，恐慌Predominant 主要的，突出的，卓越的predominate 掌握，控制，支配Slowdown 减速temper 脾气，心情；使缓和，使温和Despair 绝望，无希望mild 温和的（性格、脾气）Pervasive 普遍的，渗透的counterbalance 使平衡，使平均；平衡力，平均力Distaste 讨厌，厌恶；不喜欢vulnerable 容易的，易受伤的，易受攻击的Exploitation 利用，开采populist 平民主义Urge 渴望，希望；强调，要求，迫切rigorous 僵化的，生硬的；rigor 严格，严厉，苛刻Recitation 详述；列举；朗诵；口头exemplify 举例，说明Contemplative 思考，（注视，凝视，期待）ponder 仔细衡量，仔细考虑；沉思，回想Mistrust 怀疑的，不信任的militant(ly) 霸道的，专制的；激进的【翻译】Reason 推理v；劝说，推说oblige 感谢，感激，施恩于；迫使，不得不Bizarre 奇怪的，奇异的；异乎寻常exotic 奇特的；外来的；外国产的Fabricate 制造，编造，组装so much so 以至于Remedy 补救，救治；治疗2003年试卷单词整理【完型填空】Give thought to 思考，想过give sb a/some idea of 使了解Accommodate 使适应，调整；供应，供给host 主人，东道主，节目主持人；主持Sponsor 发起者，主办者；发起，倡议dynamic 动力的，力学的；强有力的Security 安全的，证券，保障span 跨度；一段时间，全长In effect 实际上，实行中，有效in a sense 在某种意义上Durable 耐用的，持久的barely 仅仅，几乎不；rarely 很少地，难得Let down 使失望，失望let alone 不管，不打扰On the whole 总的来看make for 走向，有利于，倾向于Stand for 代表，代替，象征take for 当作，认为Take for granted 想当然，认为……理所当然proficiency 熟练，精通;efficiency 效率，功效【阅读理解】（一）Wild 狂野的；野生的，野外的laid (lay) the root for 为……打下基础Fascinate 着迷，向往espionage 间谍活动Come to hand 可以使用，利用vocation职业，天职；才智，天分；vacation假期Spook 间谍；幽灵，鬼魂；逃窜intelligence 情报；智力，才智，理解力Contest 比赛，竞赛，竞争；争辩compile 收集到；编辑，汇编，编译By a large margin 以绝对的优势mutual 相互的，彼此的；mature 成熟V acuum 真空，吸尘器；v狂打，清理vacuum up 收集，整理Lean 斜，依靠；少量的，节约的declaration 言论，宣言Pastime 消遣remold 改变，改善，调整revive 使复兴（二）Paraphrase 解释，阐释意义vallegation 主张，断言，宣称；指控Thereby 因而perplex 使困惑，使费解，使复杂化Deliberate 深思熟虑的；故意的booth 货摊；岗亭；小房间Immunization 疫苗接种vaccine 疫苗，菌苗；接种疫苗Epidemic 流传性的，传染的；流传的well-meaning 好心人Compassionate 富于同情心的/dis-lest 以免（连词）At best/worsrt 好/坏的一面deceptive 骗人的，虚伪的，欺诈的Recruit 吸收，雇佣，聘用，补充，恢复uninformed 不明真相的，无知的Extinguish 扑灭，熄灭，破灭ember 火种，余烬Call on =appeal sb for sth 呼吁某人做某事pointless 无意义的Vicious 不道德的，恶毒的；凶恶的（三）Freight 货物，客货，运费；装货，运送v allow for 有利于；考虑到Substantial 真实的，实在的，大量的，坚实的基础的coordinate 使协调，协同动作；同等并列Fierce 残酷的，凶猛的，激烈的consolidation 巩固，合并；巩固，加强vCaptive 受牵制的；猎获物，俘虏on the ground 因为，由于Keep up 经营；保持，维持subscribe 订购，订阅；赞成vArbiter 仲裁人，裁决人，权威人士brightening 明亮的，变明亮的，闪亮的Acquire 兼并，获得，取得referee 仲裁人，裁决人（四）Press 急迫v；急迫的；新闻、出版社；压mall wonder 这也难怪Hip 胯，胯部，臀部cataract 白内障Disintegrate 分解，破裂vperish 消灭，死去；枯萎，腐烂Integrate 使……成整体，结合vshrink 萎缩Peril 危机，危险substitute 代替；替换；substitution 代替品，替换Shield 保护，防护v；保护物nfrustrate 挫败,阻挠，使无效；frustration 挫折，挫败Reverse 扭转，逆转，反转get out of the way 让位，退位Dazzling 惊人的，令人吃惊的，眼花缭乱的productive 创造性，生产的Dramatic 激进的；变化巨大的，戏剧性的quest 寻求，寻找Humbler 谦虚的人，谦恭者，下人therapy 治疗，疗法【翻译】V ain 盲目的，徒劳的，愚蠢的，贬低的contempt 轻视，藐视Extravagant 奢侈的，浪费的，过分的wonder at 对……好奇Satiable 满足的，insatiable 不满足的subject ……to……服从于，按……做Richness 丰富性fancy 想象calm 平静的，冷静的Encompass 包含，包括enquiry 探究，探索，探寻Endeavor 行为，活动，努力dispassion 理解的，不受感情影响的Subfield 分支学科oriented 东方的，东方，亚洲Insight 洞察力，眼光Profound 深刻的，有意义的Immense 巨大的，广大的，无限的concrete 使凝固，使结合；具体的，实在的Luxurious 奢侈的；放纵的Extravagant 奢侈的，浪费的，过分的2002年试卷单词整理【完型填空】Diffusion 传播，扩散，分散pamphlet 小册子，宣传册Wake (in the wake of ) 接踵而来periodical 期刊；周期性的，定期的In the company of 与……同时出现in the light of 按照，根据Lead on 引导，率领……继续前进dimension 尺寸，长度，宽度，大小In perspective=in oneˊs right perspective正确的、如实地观察事物Desirable 合意的，令人想要的constitution 宪法；体格，体质；章程，惯例Institution 公共机构，制度instrumental 起作用的，有助于（仪器、工具）In\with regard to 关于in terms of 按照，在……方面，从……角度In line with 符合，和……一致concession 让步，退位，承认Context （事情发生的）环境，背景scope 范围，机会，余地Territory 领土，版图/terrestrial 地球的distracting 注意力不集中的Controversial 有争议的weight sth against sth 或sth is weighted against sth 权衡，斟酌Contradiction 矛盾【阅读理解】（一）Depending on whom you are addressing , the problem will be different.因人而异Be in sympathy with 同意，赞同sympathy 同情，痛感/antipathy 反感Accommodation 住宅，住所；便利设备；供给，供应，调节stomp 跺脚，践踏Address 与……说话，向……致辞；从事，忙于inedible 不可食用的，难以下咽的Notorious 臭名昭著的，声誉，声明bad taste 较差的品味Cut in with 插入disparaging 藐视的，轻视的/contemptScapegoat 替罪羊passing 经过的，短暂的，匆匆的Eyebrow 眉毛twist 曲解，扭曲；捻，扭曲Exaggeration 夸张understatement 故意轻描淡写Turn about 转变，改变；转身casual 随意的，偶然的，碰巧的Off-the-cuff 即兴的/awkward 难办的，笨拙的，尴尬的relaxed/unforced/light-hearted 轻松的（二）Ingenuity 创造性，灵活性devise 设计，发明；device 设备，装置Cunning 巧妙的，精巧的，狡猾的plain 简单的，普通的，仅仅的；平原，草原Nasty 极脏的，肮脏的；污秽的compulsion 强制，强迫；驱动力Confer 授予，赋予，赠予；协商populate 移民，开荒；充满；使人民居住Hum 轰鸣，嗡嗡的（hum to ）rhythm 节奏，韵律，节拍Terminal 终点，终点站，终端spell 一段时间；拼写；意味着；轮替Transistor 晶体管nerve 神经，精力，中枢Disregard 不理会，忽略instantaneous 立刻，即刻，瞬间Dynamic 动力的，有活力的，动力学（三）Call up 回想；召唤，征召，给……打电话triple 三倍的，三倍数，三重的Quadru-,quadri-,四倍的double-digit 两位数的，二位数的Gloom 黑暗，阴暗，经济萧条doom 毁灭，灭亡；末日，厄运；v注定，命定Grip 掌握，控制，紧握hemisphere 半球；半球体Rich economics 发达国家petrol 汽油；石油Energy-intensive 能源密集型squeeze 压榨，挤榨，使缩减（四）Shield 盾，防护物；保护，遮蔽hasten 加快，加速，促进As long as 只要Legitimate 合法的，合理的n/vFueled 升温，上升；（燃料）In part 部分原因（在于）Agony 痛苦，使痛苦挣扎rule on 裁决/rule outHospice 旅客住宿处；收容所initiative 动机；起始的/intimate 亲密的，隐私的Presumptive 据推测，推定，认为subside 下沉，凹陷，衰退subsidy 津贴，补贴【翻译】Trait 显著的特点，性格partly because 部分原因在于Obscure模糊的，阴暗的，不明显的assign 分配，指派；归因于Entrench 确定，不容易改dignity 尊严，高贵；高尚的品质Shift……to……把……转向……ambiguous 不明确,模糊的，模棱两可ambiguity 含糊，不明确ambition 雄心，抱负；雄心勃勃2001年试卷单词整里【完型填空】Witness 证人，目击者，证据，证词prominent 突出的，卓越的，重要的Trial 试验，试用，考验，审讯，审判lay down 放下，放弃；断定，主张Protest 反对、抵抗，抗议，抗辩，主张verdict 裁决，判断，判决，定论Buy up/off 收买（证人）chancellor 长官，大臣，大官Tighten 收集，加紧，使……严格tighten control of 加强对……的控制Sketch 略图，草稿，概况preliminary 初步的，预备的Side with +sb同意某人的观点manifest 表明，证明；显然，明显；出现；名单A rage 一阵in a rage 勃然大怒interpretation 口译，解释，解释权Bind 有约束力；困扰；困境be credited to 把……归于；认为……属于Hand with 有……负责（charge ）be said to have dong sth 据说做过某市Confide 吐露，托付，倾诉；信任manifesto 宣言，声明；发表，宣言，宣扬v【阅读理解】（一）Split up 细化；分开，裂开，劈开connotation 含蓄，含义；内涵；言外之意In terms of 根据，按照，以……为依据referee 仲裁、调解人；审阅、鉴定；仲裁调解v Under way 在进行中，行进中reckon 计算，评估，估计/reckon as 认为，视为（二）Lecture to sb on sth 因某事教训、批评某人impoverish 使贫瘠Sovereignty 主权国家，君主infrastructure 基础设施Loom 逼近，迫近；隐约出现，令人担忧get over 克服，摈弃/work overThere are reasons to be optimistic. 我们完全有理由感到乐观。
考研英语：1997翻译真题精练精讲
考研英语：1997翻译真题精练精讲一、全真试题Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful，ground-clearing way to start.（71）Actually，it isn’t，because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights，which is something the world does not have.On one view of rights，to be sure，it necessarily follows that animals have none.72）Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract，as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore，animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd，for exactly the same reason，so is the idea that tigers have rights. However，this is only one account，and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance，to infants，the mentally incapable and future generations. In addition，it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says “I don’t like this contract?”The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.（73）It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans，or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another，more fundamental question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?Many deny it.（74）Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect，extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake —a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.This view，which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical” .In fact it is simply shallow: the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl—is to weigh others interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy.（75）When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.二、翻译题解（71）Actually, itisn't,becauseitassumesthatthereisan agreed account of human rights,whichissomething the worlddoes not have.句子拆分：拆分点参考：标点符号，从属连词Actually, it isn't, because it assumes // that there is an agreed account of human rights, // which is something the world does not have解析：（1）句子主干结构是主从复合句。
97考研英语阅读翻译
97考研英语阅读翻译
考研英语阅读部分历来是考生们最为头疼的环节之一。
它不仅要求考
生具备扎实的词汇量和语法知识，还要求考生能够迅速准确地理解文
章的主旨和细节。
在翻译这一环节，考生需要将英文原文转换成中文，这不仅考验了考生的英语理解能力，还考验了他们的中文表达能力。
首先，考生在阅读英文文章时，应该快速浏览全文，抓住文章的主旨
大意。
这一步骤至关重要，因为它能帮助考生在翻译时把握整体方向，避免出现偏离主题的情况。
在理解了文章的主旨后，考生需要细致阅
读每个段落，理解每个句子的含义，并注意文章中的转折、因果等逻
辑关系。
在翻译过程中，考生需要注意以下几点：首先，要忠实原文，确保翻
译的内容与原文意思一致，不曲解原文的意图；其次，要注意语言的
准确性，避免使用模糊不清的词汇，确保翻译的语句通顺、准确；再次，要注意语言的流畅性，翻译出来的中文要符合中文的表达习惯，
避免生硬的直译；最后，要注意标点符号的使用，正确的标点符号能
够帮助读者更好地理解句子的结构和意义。
此外，考生在翻译时还需要注意一些常见的问题。
例如，英文中的被
动语态在中文中可能需要转换为主动语态，以符合中文的表达习惯；
英文中的长句在翻译成中文时可能需要拆分成几个短句，以提高可读性；对于一些专业术语或者难以直接翻译的词汇，考生可以采取解释
性翻译的方法，即在翻译中加入适当的解释，帮助读者理解。
总之，考研英语阅读翻译不仅要求考生具备良好的语言能力，还要求
考生具备一定的逻辑思维能力和文化理解能力。
通过不断的练习和总
结，考生可以提高自己的翻译水平，从而在考研英语阅读翻译部分取得更好的成绩。
97年考研英语阅读
97年考研英语阅读1997年的考研英语阅读部分，对于当时的考研学子来说，无疑是一个不小的挑战。
那一年的阅读材料涵盖了广泛的主题，从社会现象到科技发展，从文化差异到经济问题，这些内容不仅考验了考生的英语语言能力，更是对他们综合知识水平的一次全面检验。
在那一年的考研英语阅读中，有一篇文章特别引起了考生的注意。
这篇文章讨论了当时社会中普遍存在的一个问题——信息过载。
随着互联网的兴起和信息技术的快速发展，人们开始面临前所未有的信息量。
文章指出，虽然获取信息变得更加容易，但如何有效地筛选和处理这些信息，成为了一个亟待解决的问题。
作者通过一系列的例证和分析，提出了几种可能的解决方案，包括提高信息素养、建立更加智能的信息过滤系统等。
另一篇阅读材料则聚焦于全球化对经济的影响。
文章通过对比不同国家的经济数据，分析了全球化如何促进了国际贸易和资本流动，同时也指出了全球化可能带来的问题，如经济不平等和文化同质化。
考生在阅读这篇文章时，不仅需要理解复杂的经济术语和概念，还需要对全球化的趋势有自己的见解和思考。
在那一年的考研英语阅读中，还有一篇文章探讨了科技发展对人类生活的影响。
文章提到了计算机、互联网和移动通信技术的发展，如何改变了人们的工作方式和生活习惯。
作者强调，虽然科技带来了便利，但也引发了对隐私保护和网络安全的担忧。
文章呼吁人们在享受科技带来的便利的同时，也要对可能的风险保持警惕。
1997年的考研英语阅读，不仅要求考生具备扎实的英语阅读能力，还要求他们对时事有所了解，能够对阅读材料中提出的问题进行深入的思考和分析。
这些阅读材料的难度和深度，无疑为考生的考研之路增添了不少挑战，但同时也为他们提供了一个展示自己综合能力的平台。
通过这样的阅读练习，考生不仅能够提高自己的英语水平，还能够增强自己的批判性思维和分析问题的能力。
考研英语单词闪过
考研英语单词闪过1. Conducive -有益的，有助于的例如：A healthy diet is conducive to fitness and overall health.2. Plausible -貌似有理的，似乎可信的例如：The government's explanation for the sudden change in policy seemed plausible, but many people remained skeptical.3. Ambiguity -歧义，模棱两可例如：The statement was filled with ambiguity and could be interpreted in many different ways.4. Divergence -分歧，分岔例如：The two parties had great divergence on the issue of immigration reform, and could not come to a compromise.5. Efficacy -效力，功效例如：Studies have shown the efficacy of regular exercise in preventing heart disease.6. Paradigm -范例，模式例如：The new theory presented a paradigm shift in the way we understand human behavior.7. Repercussion -反响，影响例如：The company's decision to lay off workers had a major repercussion on the local economy.8. Solitude -孤独，独处例如：Many writers seek solitude in order to find inspiration and focus on their craft.9. Resilience -抗压能力，恢复能力例如：In the face of adversity, the resilience of the human spirit shines through.10. Pragmatic -实用的，务实的例如：In business, it's important to take a pragmatic approach and focus on what works, rather than what is ideal.双语例句：1. A healthy diet is conducive to fitness and overall health.健康的饮食有助于健康和整体健康。
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2013强档巨献——一．考研阅读的基本解题思路：（四步走）第一，扫描提干，划关键项。
第二，通读全文，抓住中心。
1. 通读全文，抓两个重点：①首段（中心句、核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出题）；②其他各段的段首和段尾句。
（其他部分略读，有重点的读）2. 抓住中心，用一分半时间思考3个问题：①文章叙述的主要内容是什么？②文章中有无提到核心概念？③作者的大致态度是什么？第三，仔细审题，返回原文。
（仔细看题干，把每道题和原文的某处建立联系，挂起钩）定位原则：①通常是由题干出发，使用寻找关键词定位原则。
（关键词：大写字母、地名、时间、数字等）②自然段定位原则。
出题的顺序与行文的顺序是基本一致的，一般每段对应一题。
★要树立定位意识，每一题、每一选项都要回到原文中某一处定位。
第四，重叠选项，得出答案。
（重叠原文=对照原文）1. 通过题干返回原文：判断四个选项，抓住选项中的关键词，把选项定位到原文的某处比较，重叠选项，选出答案。
2.作题练习要求：要有选一个答案的理由和其余三个不选的理由二．阅读理解的解题技巧1. 例证题：①例证题的标记。
当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 时。
②返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。
③搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。
例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。
注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。
举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题？不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。
④找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。
⑤例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。
? 即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。
（╳）要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。
2. 指代题：①返回原文，找出出题的指代词。
②向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子（先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远）。
③将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。
④将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。
3. 词汇题：“搜索代入”法①返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。
②确定该词汇的词性③从上下文（词汇的前后几句）中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词（如一下子找不到就再往上往下找），代入所给词汇在文章中的位置（将之替换）看语义是否合适④找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案注意：a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。
b.考研阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。
c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。
注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。
d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点（比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义）、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。
比如：让猜一个名词词组（动词词组）的意思，我们就向上向下搜索名词词组（动词词组）。
▲隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。
隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。
4. 句子理解题：①返回原文找到原句。
②对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析（找主干），应该重点抓原句的字面含义。
若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。
注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。
③一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。
④句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。
做题时应把握住推的度。
思路：对句子微观分析? 不行就依据上下文? 选择时不要推得过远。
5. 推理题：“最近原则”①标志：learn, infer, imply, inform②看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。
一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。
推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。
③依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。
先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。
推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。
因此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的远的要好。
④推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。
(原文的某句话变个说法)注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。
是否把原文读懂才是关键。
6. 主旨题：“串线摘帽”即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。
①主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title②串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。
要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。
（主要针对自然段少的文章；针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系中心句。
找一个和中心句最贴近的）③小心首段陷阱。
④主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：⑴局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容；⑵范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。
⑤逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
7. 作者态度题：①标志：attitude②应精确理解四个选项的含义。
③不要掺杂自己的观点。
④可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。
如：fortunately, excessively, too many.⑤举例的方式。
⑥抓论述的主线。
把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。
⑦做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。
8. 判断题：①看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。
②每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。
③要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系（做题是要看清题目）。
9. 细节题：看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案10.重点题型中的几个问题：①词汇题：字面意思不是答案，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义②句子理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。
③推理题：答案很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。
11. 正确答案的特征：①正确答案经常与中心思想有关。
②正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。
③正确答案经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。
④从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。
如：can, may, might, possible, not necessarily, some.⑤正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。
12. 错误答案的特征：第一大层次：①无中生有（未提及的概念）；②正反混淆（选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反）；③所答非所问（虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边）第二大层次：①过分绝对；②扩大范围（注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly）；③因果倒置；④常识判断；⑤推得过远；⑥偏离中心；⑦变换词性。
常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现；如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。
能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。
三．阅读的技巧1. 标点符号在阅读中的作用：①句号。
用来分割句子，以句号为单位，把段分隔成块，逐个击破。
团?条②逗号。
在两个逗号中间是一个补充说明成分时，在阅读过程中可以献跳过去不读。
③冒号。
冒号的后面进一步补充说明前面的内容，冒号的前后有一个从抽象到具体的过程。
④分号。
分号是用来分隔句子的，并列结构：语意上的并列、结构上的并列。
⑤破折号。
两个破折号之间是补充说明成分，在阅读中可以先不读。
如果不能读懂破折号之前的句子的意思可借助破折号间的内容加以理解。
⑥引号。
引用和讽刺两种作用：⑴引用某人的观点（是支持还是反对）；⑵用来反讽，讽刺。
引用的目的：不论是正面还是反面引述都是为了说明核心概念、中心思想，否则就没有意义。
⑦括号。
两种作用：补充说明、解释生词。
2. 微观阅读的技巧：①抓主干。
②看标点符号。
③被动变主动。
④消减否定法。
⑤重新断句。
⑥对照法。
抓一些重点词：⑴解释词：namely（即，也就是）；likewise（同样的）；in other word（换句话说）；that is to say（那就是说）……⑵转折词??目的：体会一种逻辑关系，也是经常出题的地方。
but, yet, although, however, in contrast（与之形成对照的是）⑶表示结果的词：thus, as a result, consequence⑷表示递进的词：further more, in addition to⑸表示重要的词：prime（首要的）；above all（最重要的）；first of all3. 宏观阅读的方法：怎样对待一篇文章：①一般来说，任何一篇文章都讲一个主题。
②注意抓两类文体：一个是议论文，抓作者中心观点和作者态度；二是说明文，抓说明对象和作者态度。
③注意看清楚文章是由几个自然段构成，同时要注意看清楚文章的段落与段落之间是顺承结构还是转折结构。
④注意文章的一些固有模式：第一类型：启承传合型，要特别注意启和合的前后呼应。
第二类型：花开两朵型，要注意两个核心概念的区别和联系。
第三类型：问题答案型，一般来说问题就是文章的中心，阅读的目的就是为了寻找问题的答案。
第四类型：平铺直叙型，注意抓首段和中心。
第五类型：开门见山型。
4. 总结段落的固有模式：①中心句（段首句）??具体论述②中心句（段首句）??具体论述??中心句（段尾句）如果段首句和段尾句是呼应的话，那么其之间的话必然是支持句，也可能反着说一下，但最终还是支持段首或段首主题句的。
③过渡句（段首句）??具体论述④中心句（段首句）??具体论述??转折??具体论述⑤具体论述??中心句（段尾句）⑥句句展开式（无明显主题句）指比较短的段落。
如只有三、四行的段落。
这样就没有必要在段首给出一个中心，后面再展开。
而是直接把事情给描述一下就可以了。
5. 读文章时需特别留意的细节：①举例、打比喻处②人物论段③转折处后④复杂句⑤因果句⑥特殊标点⑦段首段尾句最常出题的地方是：中心思想或核心概念。
中心思想+ 细节= 文章6.独句段在文章中的作用：①文尾的独句段所起的作用是??总结全文；②文章中间的独句段的作用是??承上启下。