高中英语虚拟语气讲义 2

虚拟语气

三、虚拟语气在各种从句中的用法

虚拟语气除主要用于非真实条件句外，还可用在部分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句之中。

(一)宾语从句

①虚拟语气常用在表示要求、建议、命令或愿望的动词后的宾语从句中。

1.He insisted that we told him the news.

2.The doctor suggested that he try to lose his weight.

3.He insisted that he was sent there.

4.The teacher advised that we would make good use of every minute here.

一个坚持：insist两个命令：order, command三个建议：suggest, advise, propose 四个要求：demand, require, ask, request

5. The teacher requests that the papers ____________after class.

A be handed in

B hand in

C would be handed in

D are handed in

6.____________ be sent to work there?

A Who do you suggest

B Who do you suggest that should

C Do you suggest who should

D Do you suggest whom should

②在动词wish后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，表示不可能实现的愿望。

1.但愿我是一只小鸟。

2.那时她要是接受我的建议就好了。

3.我希望有一天我能住在月亮上。

4.我真希望我们当时对孩子们好一些。

5.但愿我的家乡四季如春。

6.我后悔不该浪费这么多时间

7.I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.

A. could have slept

B. slept

C. might have slept

D. have slept

8.How I wish every family ___________ a large house with a beautiful garden!

A has

B had

C will have

D will have

③would rather

would rather, would prefer, would sooner 等后接从句，表示“宁愿”，

1.我宁可你今天走。

2.我倒希望他不要在这儿呆得太久。

3.我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。

4.我宁可他那时没来。

5. “Shall I come tomorrow?” “I‟d rather you _________.”

A. won‟t

B. didn‟t

C. don‟t

D. wouldn‟t

6. “I‟ve told him about it.” “But I‟d rather you _________.”

A. didn‟t

B. hadn‟t

C. don‟t

D. wouldn‟t

7. “He will take you as well.” “But I‟d rather he _________.”

A. won‟t

B. didn‟t

C. doesn‟t

D. wouldn‟t

（二）主语从句中的虚拟语气

1. It is proposed that more students went to university.

2. It is important that we should learn from others.

①表示建议或命令 It is important t hat we (should) work out a study plan.

②表示惊讶It is strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcomings.

It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required…+that从句(should) do

It is natural/necessary/strange/proper/ urgent/ essential +that从句(should) do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如

It is a pity/ a shame此等。

3.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 11 o'clock at night.

A. were not played

B. not be played

C. not to play

D. did not play

4.It is important that the TOEFL office __________ your registration.

A will confirm

B confirm

C would confirm

D must confirm

(三)．表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中

My advice was that you practiced speaking English as often as possible.

The demand is that the composition was written on one side only.

The request that they would get more is reasonable.

必背：表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词常见的有

advice demand idea motion proposal request suggestion order requirement

(四)状语从句中的虚拟语气。

①方式状语从句由as if 或as though引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。

1. 这位老师对待这位学生就像自己的亲生孩子一样。

2.我感觉我们好像认识多年了。

3.天看上去好像要下雨

4.好远的路，好像我们永远也走不到头似的。

5.As usual, he put on a show as though his trip______ a great success.

A. had been

B. has been

C. were

D. was

6. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______ away for ages.

A. has been

B. was

C. is

D. had been

7. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he ______ as elephant.

A. lifts

B. is lifting

C. lifted

D. could lift

8. He described the town as if he ______ it himself.

A. had seen

B. has seen

C. saw

D. sees

9. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.

A. were circling

B. circles

C. is circling

D. be circling

②目的状语从句

a. 由in case, lest, for fear that引导的目的状语从句，动词用“should + 动词原形”结构，表示忧虑或目的。Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I (should) forget

b. 在in order that和so that引导的目的状语从句中，往往用can(could)或may(might)。

I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget.

They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.

（五）定语从句中的虚拟语气

在It is (high) time (that) ...结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用_________，表示“到某人该做某事的时间了”。

1.到孩子们睡觉的时间了。

2.到我们该回家的时间了。

3.到我该开始工作的时间了。

5.It is time that the government ___________ measures to protect the rare birds and animals.

A takes

B took

C has taken

D taking

6. It‟s high time they _____ this road .

A mends

B mended

C must have mended

D will mend

（六）If only...... If only位于句首引起的感叹句用虚拟语气，动词用___________时表示目前的愿望，

_____________表示过去的愿望，用___________表示将来。注意：if only和wish的用法相同，表示的意愿也基本相同。