高中英语虚拟语气讲义 2

虚拟语气三、虚拟语气在各种从句中的用法虚拟语气除主要用于非真实条件句外，还可用在部分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句之中。

(一)宾语从句①虚拟语气常用在表示要求、建议、命令或愿望的动词后的宾语从句中。

1.He insisted that we told him the news.2.The doctor suggested that he try to lose his weight.3.He insisted that he was sent there.4.The teacher advised that we would make good use of every minute here.一个坚持：insist两个命令：order, command三个建议：suggest, advise, propose 四个要求：demand, require, ask, request5. The teacher requests that the papers ____________after class.A be handed inB hand inC would be handed inD are handed in6.____________ be sent to work there?A Who do you suggestB Who do you suggest that shouldC Do you suggest who shouldD Do you suggest whom should②在动词wish后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，表示不可能实现的愿望。

1.但愿我是一只小鸟。

2.那时她要是接受我的建议就好了。

3.我希望有一天我能住在月亮上。

4.我真希望我们当时对孩子们好一些。

5.但愿我的家乡四季如春。

6.我后悔不该浪费这么多时间7.I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A. could have sleptB. sleptC. might have sleptD. have slept8.How I wish every family ___________ a large house with a beautiful garden!A hasB hadC will haveD will have③would ratherwould rather, would prefer, would sooner 等后接从句，表示“宁愿”，1.我宁可你今天走。

2.我倒希望他不要在这儿呆得太久。

3.我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。

4.我宁可他那时没来。

5. “Shall I come tomorrow?” “I‟d rather you _________.”A. won‟tB. didn‟tC. don‟tD. wouldn‟t6. “I‟ve told him about it.” “But I‟d rather you _________.”A. didn‟tB. hadn‟tC. don‟tD. wouldn‟t7. “He will take you as well.” “But I‟d rather he _________.”A. won‟tB. didn‟tC. doesn‟tD. wouldn‟t（二）主语从句中的虚拟语气1. It is proposed that more students went to university.2. It is important that we should learn from others.①表示建议或命令 It is important t hat we (should) work out a study plan.②表示惊讶It is strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcomings.It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required…+that从句(should) doIt is natural/necessary/strange/proper/ urgent/ essential +that从句(should) do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应如It is a pity/ a shame此等。

3.It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 11 o'clock at night.A. were not playedB. not be playedC. not to playD. did not play4.It is important that the TOEFL office __________ your registration.A will confirmB confirmC would confirmD must confirm(三)．表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中My advice was that you practiced speaking English as often as possible.The demand is that the composition was written on one side only.The request that they would get more is reasonable.必背：表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词常见的有advice demand idea motion proposal request suggestion order requirement(四)状语从句中的虚拟语气。

①方式状语从句由as if 或as though引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。

1. 这位老师对待这位学生就像自己的亲生孩子一样。

2.我感觉我们好像认识多年了。

3.天看上去好像要下雨4.好远的路，好像我们永远也走不到头似的。

5.As usual, he put on a show as though his trip______ a great success.A. had beenB. has beenC. wereD. was6. Looking round the town, he felt as though he ______ away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been7. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he ______ as elephant.A. liftsB. is liftingC. liftedD. could lift8. He described the town as if he ______ it himself.A. had seenB. has seenC. sawD. sees9. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.A. were circlingB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling②目的状语从句a. 由in case, lest, for fear that引导的目的状语从句，动词用“should + 动词原形”结构，表示忧虑或目的。

Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I (should) forgetb. 在in order that和so that引导的目的状语从句中，往往用can(could)或may(might)。

I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget.They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.（五）定语从句中的虚拟语气在It is (high) time (that) ...结构中，定语从句的谓语动词用_________，表示“到某人该做某事的时间了”。

1.到孩子们睡觉的时间了。

2.到我们该回家的时间了。

3.到我该开始工作的时间了。

5.It is time that the government ___________ measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A takesB tookC has takenD taking6. It‟s high time they _____ this road .A mendsB mendedC must have mendedD will mend（六）If only...... If only位于句首引起的感叹句用虚拟语气，动词用___________时表示目前的愿望，_____________表示过去的愿望，用___________表示将来。

注意：if only和wish的用法相同，表示的意愿也基本相同。

1.他要是知道答案就好了。

2.但愿明天能下点儿雨！3.我要是采纳他的建议就好了。

4.如果他没走就好了。

5.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ____ your advice.A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed练习题1.I insist that a doctor ＿＿＿immediately.A. has been sent forB. sends forC. will be sent forD. be sent for2.The manager of the hotel requests(要求) that their guests(客人们) ＿＿＿after 11:00 p.m..A. not to play lou d musicB. shouldn‟t play loud musicC. don‟t play loud musicD. couldn‟t play loud music3.Mike‟s uncle insists ＿＿＿in this hotel.A. staying notB. not to stayC. that he would not stayD. that he not stay4.It was essential(重要的) that the application forms(申请表) ＿＿＿back before the headline(截止日期).A. must be sentB. would be sentC. be sentD. were sent5.It is necessary ＿＿＿the dictionary immediately.A. that he will returnB. that he returnedC. that he returnD. that he has to return6.It is proposed(建议) that the matter(事情，事件) ＿＿＿discussed at the next meeting.A. will beB. wasC. would beD. be7.It is politely requested by the hotel manager that radios ＿＿＿after 11 o‟clock at night.A. were not playedB. not be playedC. not to playD. did not play8.We are all for your proposal that the discussion ＿＿＿.A. be put offB. was put offC. should put offD. is to put off9.I don‟t think it advisable(明智的，可取的，适当的) that Tom ＿＿＿to the job since he has no experience.A. is assignedB. will be assignedC. be assignedD. has been assigned10.It is essential(必要的，重要的) that the books you borrowed from the library ＿＿＿back before the deadline(截止日期).A. be sentB. would be sentC. were sentD. must be sent11.He insisted that his father ＿＿＿with them.A. goB. will goC. will be goingD. went12.The workers demanded that their wages ＿＿＿by 20 percent.A. raisedB. raiseC. should have been raisedD. be raised13.At the meeting everybody was against his suggestion that a new bridge ＿＿＿over the river.A. be builtB. must be builtC. was to be builtD. had to be built1.I wish I ＿＿＿you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see2.If only he ＿＿＿quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn‟t suffer(忍受痛苦) so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. shouldn‟t lie3.How I wish every family ＿＿＿a large house with a beautiful garden!A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had4.Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I ＿＿＿your advice.A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed5.He didn‟t go to the party, but he does wish he ＿＿＿there.A. had beenB. has beenC. would have beenD. would be6.I wish I ＿＿＿longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A. could have sleptB. sleptC. might have sleptD. have slept7.Jack wishes that he ＿＿＿business instead of history when he was in university.A. had studiedB. studyC. studiedD. had been studying8.It‟s already five o‟clock now. Do you think it‟s about time ＿＿＿?A. we are going homeB. we go homeC. we went homeD. we can go home9.“You are very selfish（自私）. It …s high time you ＿＿＿that you are not the most important person in the world,” Jim said to his boss angrily.A. realizedB. have realizedC. realizeD. should realize10.You don‟t have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you ＿＿＿on business first.A. would goB. will goC. wentD. have gone11.I‟d rather you ＿＿＿make any comment(评论) on the issue(问题) for the time being(目前)A. don‟tB. wouldn‟tC. didn‟tD. shouldn‟t12.Wouldn‟t you rather your children ＿＿＿to bed early.A. goB. wentC. would goD. does13.The manager(经理) would rather his daughter ＿＿＿in the same office.A. had not workedB. not to workC. dose not workD. did not work14.If only the committee(委员会) ＿＿＿the regulations(章程，规则，条例) and put them into effect(使生效) as soon as possible.A. approveB. will approveC. can approveD. would approve15.I am sure she would rather you ＿＿＿the bad news and ＿＿＿your sorrow(痛苦with her.A. will tell; shareB. tell; shareC. has told; sharedD. had told; shared16.It is high time that you ＿＿＿a bath(洗澡，沐浴).A. will takeB. tookC. had takenD. would take17.She said that she would rather not ＿＿＿the problem in the presence(在场) of so many strangers(陌生人).A. to discussB. discussC. discussingD. discussion18.I would rather you ＿＿＿those important documents(文件) with you.A. do not takeB. did not takeC. will not takeD. not take。