五脏六腑中译英练习答案
中医英语课后答案9.10.11.12.13.15
中医英语课后答案9.10.11.12.13.15第十课一．术语翻译1.theory of meridians and collaterals2.system of meridians and collaterals3.transporting qi and blood to the whole body4.being connected with the viscera and limbs5.running routes6.twelve regular meridians7.the regions through or along which the meridiansrun and the order by which the meridians are connected with each other8.(of a collateral) pertaining to a certain meridian9.eight extraordinary vessels (meridians)10.branches of the twelve regular meridians 11.divergent collaterals12.skin divisions of the twelve regular meridians13.tendons of the twelve regular meridians14.qi of meridians15.syndrome differentiation of meridians andcollaterals16.meridian conduction17.meridian manifestations18.blockage of meridians19.soothing meridians and activating collaterals20.collateral pricking and cupping therapy二．句子翻译1.Meridians are the pathways for qi to circulate in the whole body.2.The meridians, which are the major trunks in the system of meridians and collaterals, mainly run in the deepregions of the body. The collaterals, which are the branches of the meridians, run in the shallow regions of the body or just beneath the skin.3.The twelve regular meridians start from and end at certain points, run through or along certain regions, followcertain orders to connect with each other, distribute in the limbs with rules and are directly associated with the internal organs.4.The eight extraordinary vessels include the governor vessel, conception vessel, thoroughfare vessel, beltvessel, yin heel vessel, yang heel vessel, yin link vessel and yang link vessel.5.The twelve branches of meridians, which stem from the twelve regular meridians, start from the four limbs,run deep in the viscera and emerge from the shallow region of the neck.6.The branches of the yang meridians stem from the meridians proper, run inside the body and finally merge into the meridians proper. The branches of the yin meridians stem from the meridians proper, run inside the body and merge into the yang meridians that are internally and externally related to the yin meridians.7.Collaterals can be divided into three categories, i.e. divergent collaterals, superficial collaterals and minute collaterals.8.The minute collaterals are the smallest collaterals. That is why they are literally called grandson-collaterals.9.According to the theory of meridians, tendons of meridianswhere qi of the meridians stays, accumulates,dissipates and associates with other parts of the body in the musculature and joints.10.Similarly pathological changes of the viscera can manifest over the surface of the body through meridians.11.The Plain Conversation says, “Liver disease is characterized by hypochondriac pain involving the lower abdomen…and lung disease is characterized by panting, cough, adverse flow of qi and pain in the shoulders and back.”12.Generally speaking, cough due to disorder of the lung meridian is accompanied by lung distension, chestoppression and pain in the superclavicular fossa; cough due to disorder of the kidney meridian is often accompanied by throbbing sensation in the heart like being hungry and frequent fear.13.The theory of meridians studies the physiological functions and pathological changes of meridians and their relationships with the viscera.14.The main physiological function of the twelve meridians is to strengthen relationship between the twomeridians that are internally and externally related to each other.15.The skin of the whole body is the region over which the functional activities of the twelve meridians aremanifested.16.Since the three yang meridians of hand and the three yang meridians of foot are connected with each other over the head, the head is the place where all kinds of yang meets.17.Therapeutically, the acupoints located in the meridiansthat are internally and externally related to each other can be used alternately.18.Qi and blood in the meridians circulate in cycles.19.Under pathological condition, meridians become the pathways that transmit pathogenic factors and manifest pathological changes.20.Clinically the places where symptoms manifest and the regions through or along which the meridians run and associate with the viscera are taken as the evidences for diagnosing diseases.Lesson 11ⅰ.1.six exogenous pathogenic factors2.improper diet and overstrain/doc/897e64aed1f34693daef3e90.html mon cold due to wind-cold4.diarrhea due to damp-heat/damp-heat diarrhea5.five endogenous pathogenic factors6.pathogenic wind attacking the exterior7.migratory arthralgia/joint pain8.wind being the leading pathogenic factor9.attacked/invaded by pathogenic cold10.decline of yang qi11.cold tending to stagnate by nature 12.stagnation of interstitial space13.spasm and contraction of muscles and tendons14.pathogenic dampness obstructing the spleen15.inactivation of spleen-yang16.production of endogenous heat due to yindeficiency17.extreme heat producing wind18.internal impairment due to yin deficiency19.improper diet20.engorgementⅱ.1. Etiology refers to the cause of diseases resulting from imbalance (between yin and yang) within the body.2. The six pathogenic factors are a collective term for exogenous pathogenic wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, and fire.3. Exogenous pathogenic wind invades the body through the skin, hair and muscles, producing syndrome of exogenous wind.4. The exogenous diseases caused by pathogenic wind are characterized by sudden onset and rapid transmission.5. Pathogenic cold attacks the skin and muscles and leads to the stagnation of defensive-yang, which is called “cold damage”.6. Endogenous cold is a pathological manifestation of insufficient yang qi failing to warm the body.7. The attack of pathogenic summer-heat on the body usually leads to a series of yang symptoms, such as high fever, dysphoria, flushed cheeks and full pulse.8. Pathogenic summer-heat usually accompanies pathogenic dampness to invade the body.9. Exogenous dampness is primarily caused by such external pathogenic factors as humid climate, moist location and drenching or wading.10. Endogenous dampness is a morbid state due to dysfunction of the spleen and retention of water and fluid.11. Attack of exogenous dryness on the body tends toconsume body fluid and leads to deficiency of yin-fluid.12. Pathogenic dryness tends to attack the body through the mouth and nose, so it is liable to damage lung fluid.13. Pathogenic fire-heat tends to consume the body fluid and leads to deficiency of it.14. Pestilence is a kind of highly contagious pathogenic factors, characterized by sudden onset, severe conditions, fulminating infection and widespread transmission.15. The seven abnormal emotions often directly impair their related internal organs, leading to disorder of visceral qi, disharmony between qi and blood, and consequently bringing on diseases.16. Improper diet mainly impairs the spleen and stomach, leading to dysfunction of them.17. Overstrain will impair qi, and eventually lead to deficiency of qi, fatigue and weak constitution.18. Phlegm and fluid are both pathological substances caused by retention of water and fluid.19. The diseases caused by blood stasis vary according to the location and cause of the stasis.20. Pain caused by blood stasis is usually marked by stabbing, fixed and unpalpable pain that worsens in the night. Lesson 12 ⅰ.1.occurrence, development, and changes ofdisease2.(body )constitutional state3.dysfunction of qi and blood4.various pathological changes5.exuberance or decline of pathogenic factorsand healthy qi/ strength contrast between pathogenicfactors and healthy qi6.deficiency or excess changes of disease/transformation between deficiency andexcess during a disease7.the hu man body’ resistance against diseases8.feverish sensation over the five centers(palms, soles, and chest)9.deficiency complicated with excess 10.turnover of disease/prognosis of disease11.relative predominance of yin or yang12.extreme changes of five emotions13.depletion of essence causing deficiency14.mutual consumption of yin and yang15.true heat and false cold; false cold and trueheat16.stagnation of qi activity17.disorder of fluid metabolism18.endogenous cold/ cold originating from theinterior19.fluid consumption producing dryness20.stirring of endogenous wind/disturbance ofendogenous windⅱ.1.The course of many diseases is a process of combat between pathogenic factors and healthy qi as well as the ebb and flow of their strengths.2.Predominance of pathogenic factors leads to excess while depletion of essence results in deficiency.3.Healthy qi triumphs over pathogenic factors, leading to improvement of or recovery from an illness.4.Yang deficiency refers to the morbid state of insufficient or hypofunctional yang qi failing to warm thebody.5.Yin deficiency refers to the morbid state of depleted essence, blood and fluid leading to relativehyperactivity of yang.6.Loss of yin or yang refers to the critical state of sudden, profuse loss of yin-fluid or yang-qi.7.The disorders of qi include insufficient production of qi, excessive depletion of qi, hypofunction of qiand abnormal movements of qi.8.The topical stagnation of qi may lead to such symptoms as distension, pain, or even blood stasis andretention of water, fluid, or phlegm9.Qi adverseness refers to the morbid state of abnormal ascending and descending of qi and adverse,upward flow of visceral qi.10.Blood deficiency refers to the morbid state of insufficient blood failing to nourish the body.11.Blood stasis refers to the morbid state of slow and unsmooth flow of blood.12.Blood heat refers to the morbid state of heat in the blood hastening the blood flow.13.Blood stasis due to qi stagnation means that the unsmooth flow of qi leads to disturbance of bloodcirculation.14.Impairment of thin-fluid often develops to depletion of thick-fluid, and depletion of thick-fluid is a resultof insufficient thin-fluid.15.Qi stagnation due to fluid retention refers to the morbidstate of disturbance of fluid metabolism andretention of water, dampness, phlegm and fluid lead to stagnation of qi.16.Stirring of endogenous wind refers to a morbid state due to hyperactivity of yang qi within the body.17.Endogenous dampness is mostly caused by deficiency of the spleen, so it is also called “dampness due tospleen deficienc y”.18.Endogenous dryness can be manifested in any organs or tissues, especially the lung, stomach and largeintestine.19.The prolonged deficiency of yin-fluid of the lung often involves the kidney and results in simultaneousdeficiency of the lung-yin and kidney-yin.20.The obstruction of the urinary bladder is called “uroschesis”and the incontinence of urine is called“enuresis”.Lesson 13ⅰ.1.spirit, complexion, and physical conditions2.mental activities3.sufficient essence and abundant qi4.apathetic facial expressions5.normal complexion and varied normalcomplexion6.convulsion of the limbs7.stirring of wind due to damp-heat8.interior sinking of pathogenic toxin9.scaly skin/ squamous and dry skin10.hunger without appetite/doc/897e64aed1f34693daef3e90.html bined use of the four diagnostic methods12.facial expressions13.favorable prognosis14.dispiritedness15.five colors indicating diseases / diagnosticsignificance of five colors16.facial distortion17.flaming of deficient fire18.retention of heat in the large intestine19.uncoated tongue/ mirror-like tongue20.pulse manifestationsⅱ.1.Inspection is a diagnostic method of observing general or local changes of spirit, complexion and physicalconditions.2.The listening-smelling method refers to an approach to diagnosis by listening to the voices of the patients and smelling the odors emitted from the patients.3.Inquiry is a diagnostic method used to understand the occurrence, development, present subjective symptoms and other things concerning the diseases by asking the patients or their companions.4.Pulse-taking and palpitation refer to the diagnostic method of feeling the pulse and palpating the stomach and abdomen, foot and hand as well as other regions of the patients.5.Local pathological changes may involve the whole body and the viscera, which can be manifested in variousaspects.6.The four diagnostic methods were developed gradually in the long-term medical practice.7.“With spirit” is a manifestation of sufficient essence, abundant qi, and full vitality.8.“Without spirit” is a manifestation of impaired essence, deficient qi, and dispiritedness.9.“False spirit” is a false manifestat ion of temporary vitality during the critical stage of a disease.10.Normal complexion refers to the facial colors under physiological conditions.11.Bluish color indicates cold syndrome, pain syndrome, blood stasis and infantile convulsion.12.Inspection of physical conditions can provide information about the state of visceral qi and blood, strengthcontrast between yin and yang or pathogenic factors and healthy qi, as well as prognosis and location of the diseases.13.V omiting is caused by adverse rising of stomach qi.14.Bulgy tongue is usually caused by retention of water, dampness, phlegm and fluid.15.Mirror-like tongue is primarily caused by depletion of stomach yin and impairment of stomach qi.16.Yellow tongue coating is caused by fumigation of pathogenic heat and usually indicates interior syndrome and heat syndrome.17.Greasy tongue coating, usually caused by interior accumulation of damp-turbidity and stagnation of yang qi, mainly indicates retention of phlegm-fluid, damp-turbidity, food, damp-heat and obstinate phlegm, etc.18.Pressing diagnosis includes pulse-taking and palpation.19.The variation of pulse that reflects the state of a disease isknown as morbid pulse.20.Clinically, only combined use of the four diagnostic methods can enable one to perform the correct diagnosis.Lesson 15ⅰ.1.辨证论治treatment with syndromedifferentiation/ treatment according to syndrome differentiation2.表里同病disease involving both exterior andinterior/ simultaneous disorder of exterior and interior3.寒热错杂simultaneous occurrence of cold andheat/ mixture of cold and heat4.里邪出表regression of interior pathogenicfactors to the exterior5.真寒假热true cold and false heat6.恶寒与恶热aversion to cold and aversion to heat7.口淡不渴tasteless sensation in the mouthwithout thirst8.寒邪郁而化热transformation of stagnatedpathogenic cold into heat9.外感表虚exterior-deficiency syndrome due toexogenous pathogens10.五心烦热feverish sensation over five centers11.病位与病性location and nature of disease12.虚实夹杂mixture of deficiency andexcess/co-existence of deficiency and excess 13.外邪入里invasion of exterior pathogenic factorsinto the interior14.寒证化热cold syndrome transforming into heatsyndrome15.真假寒热true heat and false cold16.热证转寒heat syndrome transforming into coldsyndrome17.舌淡苔白而润滑pale tongue with white, moistand slippery fur18.脉数无力rapid and weak pulse19.潮热盗汗tidal fever and night sweating20.神昏谵语coma with deliriumⅱ.1.疾病的表现尽管极其复杂，但基本上都可以用八纲加以归纳。
大学英语六级汉译英翻译练习——医学话题
大学英语六级汉译英翻译话题——医学1. have a physical examination进行身体检查2. hypertension高血压3. no obvious symptom 无明显症状4. check it with a blood pressure machine 用血压仪检查1.我好像正在遭受着所能想象的所有疾病的侵扰：失眠、头疼、背疼、消化不良与腹部疼痛。
I seem to be suffering from all the illnesses imaginable: insomnia, headaches, backache, indigestion and pains in the abdomen.2.更糟糕的是，我那天受了点伤，我的下巴受了伤，四肢肌肉扭伤并且几乎折断了肋骨。
To crown it all, I had an accident the other day, injured my chin, tornsome limb muscles, and nearly broke my ribs.3.为了你健康着想，不要喝酒。
For the sake of your health, keep off alcohol.4.配份这种补剂，每天三餐之前口服两汤匙。
Have this tonic made up and take two tablespoonfuls three time a daybefore meals.5.今天的内科医生基本是专科医生，他们只治疗他们专业范围内的疾病。
Today’s physician is usually a specialist who treats only problems within his or her specialty.6.类似的，医院发生了很多变化，医疗设备和医疗费用也在猛涨。
Likewise, many changes are taking place in hospitals, where the cost of medical equipment and care is skyrocketing.skyrocket物价飞涨7.医生让我坐在椅子上，这样他可以上下前后移动，然后他看了看我的嘴巴内部。
医学英语练习答案及译文 (5-8)
Key to Exercises and Chinese Translation of Texts （5-8）《实用医学英语教程》练习答案与课文参考译文Unit 5 The Respiratory SystemPart OneSituational Dialoguesabdominal; hurt ; temperature; urine; ultrasound; intravenousPart TwoText AI. Text Comprehension1.The narrowest airways are one fiftieth of an inch across.2.Because it shares space with the heart in the left side of the chest.3.They look like bunches of grapes.4.The bony cage is formed by the breastbone (sternum), ribs, and spine.5.The walls of the alveoli and of the surrounding capillaries are only one cell thick and are invery close contact with each other. Oxygen passes easily through the thin walls of the alveoli and into the blood in the capillaries.II. Vocabulary1. D2. A3. B4. C5. DText BI．Text Comprehension1.Emphysema is characterized by irreversible changes, whereby the elastic properties of thelings, particularly of the alveoli, are reduced.2.Air pollution, heavy cigarette smoking and conditions that result in severe scarring of thelungs, such as silicosis and chronic bronchitis.3.Exhaling.4.Because of the difficulty in removing secretions by coughing, mucous secretions build up,become thicker, and are even more difficult to expel. Most of these patients breathe through the mouth, which further contributes to the drying of secretions and the creation of hard, thick plugs of mucus.5.Because the circulatory and respiratory systems are totally dependent on each other.II. Word Formation1.牙槽切开术粘蛋白酶牙槽牙的粘液囊肿牙槽突点粘性细胞牙槽炎粘蛋白原牙槽鼻的粘液性结肠炎2. 胃镜检查子宫镜检查喉镜检查胸腔镜检查X线检查眼底镜检查3. X线照相术X线学家X线学X线治疗X线量测定器X线病III. Translation1.Air pollution plays a role in then cause of the rapid growth of the emphysematous patients.2.Emphysema, which is a respiratory disease, is like chronic bronchitis in many ways.3.Emphysema plays a definite role in the cor pulmonate because the circulatory and respiratorysystems are so totally dependent on each other.4.Emphysematous patients have to bring the muscles of the neck and shoulders into play in aneffort to breathe.5. As the disease progresses, emphysematous patients have to force the more air trapped in thelungs out.Part ThreeWriting SkillsI. Combine the sentences according to the model.Group 1Many of the reflexes, which make it possible for the human being to adjust himself to the environment, begin as sensory impulses from the skin.Group 2These cells live a much shorter time than most other cells of the body, some of which last a life time.Group 3If protoplasm could not reproduce, a man might eventually be without the outer layer of his skin. The cells of which must continuously be replaced as a result of constant shedding.Group 4The latter test emphasizes that the peripheral airways are "silent" zones, where considerable airway disease and obstruction may exist without signs or symptoms.II. Choose the proper transition to complete each sentence.1) Furthermore, 2) In summary, 3) however, 4) as a resultIII. Make the following parallel:1) Usually, the presence of fever is due to an infection, though there can be many other causes,such as malignancies, brain injuries, toxic reactions and reactions to vaccines, and diseases involving the central nervous system may cause fever.2) Repeated hemorrhages from piles (hemorrhoids), excessive menstrual flow, and various types of ulceration in the stomach or bowel may be causes of chronic bleeding.3) Three kinds of pulmonary complications are well-recognized: influenza viral pneumonia,secondary bacterial pneumonia, and mixed viral and bacterial pneumonia.参考译文：呼吸系统呼吸系统从鼻子和嘴开始,延续到航空公司到肺部,在那里外界的氧气与人体组织呼出的二氧化碳进行交换。
五脏六腑中译英练习答案
xx练习（一）：1．藏象学说是研究人体各个脏腑的生理功能、病理变化及其相互关系的学说。
1.The theory of visceral manifestation studies the physiological functions and pathological changes of viscera and their relations.2．藏象学说在中医学理论体系中占有极其重要的地位。
2.The theory of visceral manifestation plays an important role in the theoretical system of TCM.3．五脏的共同生理特点是化生和贮藏精气。
4．六腑的共同生理特点是受盛和传化水谷。
5．脏病多虚，腑病多实。
5.Diseases of the zang-organs are often of deficiency in nature while diseases of the fu-organs are frequently of excess in nature.6．脏实者可泻其腑，腑虚者可补其脏。
6.Excess of zang-organs can be treated by purging the corresponding fu-organs while deficiency of fu-organs can be treated by reinforcing the related zang-organs.7．皮肤受凉而感冒，会出现鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽等症状。
mon cold due to invasion of cold into the skin is often characterized by stuffy nose, running nose and cough.8．肾的精气有促进骨骼生长的作用。
8.Kidney essence is helpful for promoting the growth of skeleton.9．心与小肠相表里。
(完整版)医学专业英语翻译及答案
Chapter 1Passage 1 Human BodyIn this passage you will learn:1. Classification of organ systems2. Structure and function of each organ system3. Associated medical termsTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。
研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。
其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。
Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。
中医英语基础试题及答案
中医英语基础试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "Qi" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) refers to:A. EnergyB. BloodC. Body fluidsD. Essence2. Which of the following is not a basic principle of TCM?A. Yin and YangB. The Five ElementsC. The Four HumorsD. Qi and Blood3. Acupuncture is a technique that involves:A. Applying heat to specific points on the bodyB. Manipulating the spine and jointsC. Inserting needles into specific points on the bodyD. Massaging the muscles4. The concept of "Shen" in TCM is associated with:A. The spirit or mindB. The heartC. The lungsD. The kidneys5. The "Meridian" system in TCM is used to:A. Describe the flow of blood in the bodyB. Map the nervous systemC. Illustrate the pathways of Qi and blood throughout the bodyD. Outline the digestive system6. What is the primary goal of TCM treatment?A. To eliminate symptomsB. To restore balance and harmonyC. To cure the disease completelyD. To prolong life7. The TCM concept of "Wei Qi" refers to:A. Defensive energyB. Nutritive energyC. Vital energyD. Emotional energy8. Moxibustion is a TCM technique that involves:A. Burning herbs on the skinB. Applying cold compresses to the bodyC. Using heat from burning mugwort to warm acupuncture pointsD. Applying pressure to specific points on the body9. In TCM, "Dampness" is considered to be:A. A healthy stateB. An excess conditionC. A deficiency conditionD. A normal bodily function10. The TCM practice of "Diet Therapy" is based on theprinciple that:A. All foods have medicinal propertiesB. Food should be avoided when sickC. Only certain foods should be consumed for specific diseasesD. Diet has no impact on health答案：1. A2. C3. C4. A5. C6. B7. A8. C9. B 10. A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The fundamental substances of TCM include Qi, ______, and Jing.12. The TCM diagnostic methods are known as the Four Pillars, which are inspection, auscultation and olfaction, inquiry,and ______.13. In TCM, the spleen is associated with the element ______, and the liver with the element wood.14. The TCM treatment principle of "Treat the root before the branch" means that the underlying cause of the disease should be addressed before ______.15. The TCM concept of "Zang-Fang Organs" includes the heart, lung, spleen, liver, kidney, and ______.16. TCM believes that emotions can affect health, for example, excessive joy can injure the ______.17. The TCM technique of cupping involves creating a vacuum inside cups placed on the skin to ______.18. The TCM concept of "Jing Mai" refers to the pathways that nourish the ______.19. The TCM practice of "Tui Na" is a form of ______ massage.20. TCM emphasizes the importance of lifestyle and environment in maintaining health, which is known as the concept of ______.答案：11. Blood 12. palpation 13. earth 14. treating the symptoms 15. gallbladder 16. heart 17. draw out toxins 18. brain 19. therapeutic 20. Wei Qi三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）21. 简述中医的“五行”理论。
任元受事母尽孝文言文翻译 练习试题及答案
任元受事母尽孝【南宋】陆游任元受①事②母尽孝，母老多疾病，未尝离左右。
元受自言：“老母有疾，其得疾之由，或以饮食，或以燥湿，或以语话稍多，或以忧喜稍过。
尽言皆朝暮候之，无毫发不尽，五脏六腑中事皆洞见曲折，不待切脉而后知，故用药必效，虽名医不迨③也。
”张魏公作都督，欲辟④之入幕。
元受力辞⑤曰：“尽言方养亲，使得一神丹可以长年，必持以遗老母，不以献公。
况能舍母而与公军事耶？”魏公太息而许之。
（节选自宋·陆游《老学庵笔记》）【注】①任元受：名尽言。
②事：侍奉。
③迨（dài）：及。
④辟：征召。
⑤辞：推辞。
【参考译文】任元受侍奉母亲孝顺到了极点，他的母亲年老多发疾病，他从未离开过母亲身边。
任元受自己说：“我的老母生病了，她生病的由来，或许因为饮食不当，或许因为天气燥热潮湿，或许因为说话稍微多了些，或许因为情绪波动稍微大了些。
我都早晚侍奉，没有任何细微的地方我考虑不到，母亲的五脏六腑的各种问题我都能看明白其中的道理，不用等到切脉之后才知道，所以我用药都必定会生效，即使是名医也比不上我。
”张魏公当都督的时候，想要征召他到自己府中。
元受坚决推辞道：“我正在侍奉我的母亲，假如我得到了一个可以使人长命百岁的神丹，我一定拿来献给我的老母，不会拿来献给您。
哪里还能舍弃老母而来参与您的军政之事呢？”魏公叹息着答应了他。
【补充资料】任元受，宋代医生。
名尽言。
精于医术，事母至孝，亲尝汤药，并由此于医理颇见长进，医名亦噪一时。
练习试题1.解释下列句中画线词的意思。
（4分）①未尝离左右（）②或以语话稍多（）③尽言方养亲（）④必持以遗老母（）【参考答案】①身边；②稍微；③正；④给。
2.下列各句与例句中“以”的意思相同的一项是（）（2分）例句：其得疾之由，或以饮食A.又留蚊于素帐中，徐喷以烟（《幼时记趣》）B.虽多忌克，而能以天下事为己任（《赵普》）C.策之不以其道，食之不能尽其材（《马说》）D.不以物喜，不以己悲（《岳阳楼记》）【参考答案】D。
Unit8参考译文课后习题
Unit 8 参考译文& 课后习题Text A传统中医世界上和人体内总是存在着相对的物质，比如热与冷，湿与干，黑暗和光明等。
中国人称这种对立元素阴和阳。
阳是热而阴是冷，阳是干而阴是湿，阳是大而阴是小。
只要通过能量比较，人们可以轻而易举地理解阴阳现象。
还有五种不同的元素，它们是水，木，火，土，金。
每种基本元素就像世界上生长的所有物质一样受阴阳支配。
这五种元素相生相克，例如，土能克水，水能克火，而火又生土，土能生金。
每种元素在传统中医里代表了人体内不同的器官。
下面是这些元素各自代表的器官。
水代表肾脏，膀胱，生殖系统和所有体内除血液外的液体。
木代表肝脏和胆囊。
火代表心脏，心包膜，血液和三焦。
土代表胃部和脾脏。
金代表肺部和结肠。
正如万物生长一样，所有的草药都受阴阳支配。
所有的植物都有清热、燥湿、补气、泻火、升阳、滋阴等功效。
一位负责的草本学家不仅会用舌头品尝植物之后判断其药效，而且还会服用植物亲自在体内感受其药效。
这就是八千种草药在过去三千年里被归入阴阳两类的方法，同时也是判断这些草药怎样影响各个器官的方法。
十六种类的八千多种草药用来治病。
人体内的器官系统在理想状态下应处于阴阳平衡之中。
然而，失衡的状态时不时地出现。
而且一个器官的阴阳失衡会影响其它器官系统的平衡。
阳盛的典型例子便是发烧。
阳虚的情况则是因血流不畅而手脚发凉。
主要器官的阴阳失衡会通过一系列症状表现出来。
因此通过讯问病人，中医师可以了解病人每个器官系统的阴阳平衡状况。
医师通过讯问一连串的问题得到他们确诊所需要的信息。
操作简单易行。
除了讯问症状外，医师需观察舌头的状况（颜色、缝隙、纹理和湿度等），并在三部九候切脉诊断并感觉脉搏的强弱。
这可以给医师之前的讯问提供证实，也可以使医师深入了解问题。
结果往往是惊人的准确。
中医师通过这种方法能够检查出病人阴阳失衡的状况并对症下药恢复病人体内的阴阳平衡。
举个例子，如果一个人经常感觉寒冷，缺乏性欲，晚上多次起夜，这表明此人肾阳虚，作为处方中一部分，医师会给此人配壮阳滋补草药比如淫羊藿调整他肾阳虚的状况。
中医英语课后答案5-6课李照国.doc
中医英语课后答案5-6课李照国第五课一.术语翻译1. 藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations2. 五脏六腑five zang-organs and six fu-organs3. 奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs水谷精微nutrients of water and food传化水谷transmitting and transforming water and food 贮藏精气storing essence表里关系internal and external relationship治疗效应therapeutic effects临床实践clinical practice藏而不泻storage without discharge泻而不藏discharge without storage形体诸窍physical build and various orifices开窍(of five zang-organs) open into精神情志spirit and emotions心藏神the heart storing spirit肺藏魄the lung storing corporeal soul肝藏魂the liver storing ethereal soul脾藏意the spleen storing consciousness肾藏志the kidney storing will其华在面the luster manifesting upon the face二.句子翻译1. 藏象学说是研究人体各个脏腑的生理功能、病理变化及相互关系的学说。
The theory of visceral manifestation studies the physiological functions and pathological changes of viscera and their relations.2. 藏象学说在中医学理论体系中占有极其重要的地位。
《中医英语》 课后练习题 之短语翻译
中医英语短语翻译 1-10单元Unit 11.中国医药学traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2中医基础理论basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine 3临床经验clinical experience4辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation5杂病miscellaneous diseases6中药学Chinese pharmacy7四气五味four properties and five tastes8针灸acupuncture and moxibustion; acumox9古代中国哲学classical Chinese philosophy10汗法sweating therapy; diaphoresis11下法purgation12吐法vomiting therapy; emetic therapy13补土派the School of Reinforcing the Earth14病因学etiology15方剂prescription; formula16医疗实践medical practice17治疗原则therapeutic principles18寒凉药物herbs cold and cool in nature19滋阴降火 nourishing yin and reducing fire20瘀血治病diseases caused by blood stagnationUnit21五脏five zang-organs; five zang-viscera2六腑six fu-organs3经络系统system of meridians and collaterals4整体观念holism5有机整体organic wholenss6社会属性social attribute7开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into8生长化收藏sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store9诊断学diagnostics10邪正关系relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi11治疗学therapeutics12风寒感冒common cold due to wind and cold13同病异治different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease 14异病同治the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases 15水液代谢平衡balance of water metabolism 16清心火clearing away heart fire17疾病本质nature of disease18以左治右treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side19从阴引阳drawing yang from yin20.病在上者下取之treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part Unit 31哲学概念 philosophical concept2.相互转化 mutual transformation3.阴平阳秘 balance of yin and yang4.阴阳转化 transformation between yin and yang5.寒极生热 extreme cold turning into heat6.病理变化 pathological changes7.绝对偏盛 absolute predominance8.病机总纲 general rule of pathogenesis9.补其不足 supplementing what it lacks of10.祛风散寒 eliminating wind and dispersing cold11.相互消长 mutually inhibiting and promoting；wax and wane between yin and yang12.相互制约 mutually inhibiting and restraining13.相互依存 interdependence14.阴胜则阳病 excess of yin leading to decline of yang15.相反相成 contrary and supplementary to each other16.有机整体 organic whole17.阳损及阴 impairment of yang involving yin18.阴阳两虚 deficiency of both yin and yang 19.虚寒证 deficiency cold syndrome20.潜阳熄风 suppressing yang and eliminating windUnit41 五行学说 the theory of five elements2 条达舒畅 free development3 生我，我生 to be generated and to generate4 生中有制 restraint in generation5 相乘相侮 over restriction and counter-restriction6 土虚木乘Wood over restricts earth because it is deficient.7 生克制化 promotion, restriction, inhibition and transformation8母病及子 disorder of a mother-organ involving its child-organ9 肝肾精血不足 insufficiency of essence and blood in the liver and kidney10 心肝血虚 blood deficiency in the heart and liver11 心火亢盛 exuberant fire in the heart12 肝阴不足 insufficiency of liver yin13 肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang14 脾胃虚弱 weakness of the spleen and stomach15 平肝和胃 soothing the liver and harmonizing the stomach16 水火不济between water and fireUnit51 藏象学说doctrine of visceral manifestations2 五脏六腑five zang-organs and six fu-organs3 奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs4 水谷精微nutrients of water and food5 传化水谷transmitting and transforming water and food6 贮藏精气storing essence7 表里关系internal and external relationship8 治疗效应therapeutic effects9 临床实践clinical practice10 藏而不泻storage without discharge11泻而不藏discharge without storage12形体诸窍physical build and various orifices13开窍(of five zang-organs) open into14精神情志spirit and emotions15心藏神the heart storing spirit16肺藏魄the lung storing corporeal soul17肝藏魂the liver storing ethereal soul18脾藏意the spleen storing consciousness19肾藏志the kidney storing will20其华在面the luster manifesting upon the faceUnit61 心主血脉 the heart governing blood and vessels2 心气充沛 sufficiency of heart qi3 面色红润 rosy complexion4 血液充盈 sufficiency of blood5 脉道不利 unsmooth vessels6 面色无华 lusterless complexion7 脉象细弱 thin and weak pulse8 心藏神 the heart storing spirit9 汗血同源 sweat and blood sharing the same origin10 升降出入 ascending, descending, going out and going in11宣发肃降 dispersion, purification and descent12通调水道 regulating water passage13脾主运化 the spleen governing transportation and transformation 14水谷精微 nutrients of water and food15水液停滞 stoppage of water and fluid16后天之本 acquired base of life17调畅气机 regulating qi activity18肝气逆上 upward adverse flow of liver qi19先天之精 innate essence20肾主纳气 the kidney receiving qiUnit71 奇恒之府extraordinary fu-organs2孤俯isolated fu-organ3 腐熟水谷digest water and food4 魄门anus5 肝之余其surplus part of liver qi6 上焦upper energizer7 泌别清浊separating the lucid from the turbid8 食物残渣residue of foods9 大肠主津The large intestine governs thin body fluid10精汁（胆汁）bile11小肠主液The small intestine governs thick body fluid12初步消化primary digestion13精气essential qi14七冲门the seven important portals15胆主决断The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment 16排泄糟粕discharge waste17月经来潮occurrence of menstruation18吸门inhaling portal19形态中空morphological hollowness20传化水谷transporting and transforming water and foodUnit81 先天禀赋innateness2 精微物质nutrients; refined substance3 血液循行blood circulation4 水液代谢water metabolism5 气的运动形式way of qi movement6 气的升降出入ascending, descending, exiting and entering movements of qi 7 气机调畅normal function of qi activity8生命的原动力primary motive force of life9 温养腑脏warming and nourishing the viscera10 腑脏经络之气qi of the viscera and meridians11气机qi activity12气化qi transformation13先天之气innate qi14后天之气acquired qi15正气healthy qi16邪气pathogenic factors17元气primordial qi18宗气thoracic qi19营气nutritive qi20卫气defensive qi21腠理striae and intersticesUnit91气生血qi promoting the production of blood2气行血qi promoting the flow of blood3气摄血qi commanding blood4血载气blood carrying qi5血生气blood generating qi6气生津液qi promoting the production of body fluid7气行津液qi promoting the flow of body fluid8气摄津液qi commanding body fluid9津液载气body fluid carrying qi10津液生气body fluid generating qi11津血同源body fluid and blood sharing the same origin12气随液脱exhaustion of qi due to loss of body fluid13气随血脱exhaustion of qi due to hemorrhage14气随津泄loss of qi due to profuse sweating15气行则血行，气滞则血瘀。
医学英语翻译试题及答案
医学英语翻译试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "cardiology" refers to the study of which organ?A. HeartB. LiverC. KidneyD. Lung2. Which of the following is not a symptom of diabetes?A. Frequent urinationB. Excessive thirstC. Rapid weight lossD. Fever3. The medical abbreviation "IV" stands for:A. IntravenousB. IntramuscularC. IntraperitonealD. Intradermal4. What does the abbreviation "MRI" stand for in medical terms?A. Magnetic Resonance ImagingB. Maximum Respiratory IndexC. Multiple Respiratory InfectionsD. Medical Research Institute5. The term "anemia" is associated with a deficiency of whichsubstance in the blood?A. PlateletsB. Red blood cellsC. White blood cellsD. Plasma6. Which of the following is a common treatment for hypertension?A. AntibioticsB. AntihypertensivesC. AntiviralsD. Antihistamines7. The medical term "hyperglycemia" refers to:A. High blood sugarB. High blood pressureC. High cholesterolD. High blood calcium8. What is the medical term for the removal of the appendix?A. AppendectomyB. ColectomyC. HysterectomyD. Nephrectomy9. The abbreviation "AED" in medical settings stands for:A. Automated External DefibrillatorB. Advanced Emergency DoctorC. Acute Epileptic DisorderD. Acute Endocrine Dysfunction10. Which of the following is a type of cancer that affects the blood?A. MelanomaB. LeukemiaC. Lung cancerD. Breast cancer答案：1. A2. D3. A4. A5. B6. B7. A8. A9. A 10. B二、填空题（每空1分，共20分）1. The medical term for the surgical removal of the gallbladder is __________.2. The condition where the body cannot properly regulate body temperature is known as __________.3. A person with a medical condition that causes them to have an abnormally high level of lipids in the blood is said to have __________.4. The abbreviation "CT" in medical imaging stands for__________.5. The medical term for a condition characterized bydifficulty in breathing is __________.6. The study of the structure and function of the nervous system is known as __________.7. A common diagnostic tool used to visualize blood vesselsis __________.8. The medical term for the surgical removal of the prostate gland is __________.9. A condition characterized by the abnormal presence of air or gas in the tissues is called __________.10. The medical term for the surgical removal of the uterus is __________.答案：1. Cholecystectomy2. Dysregulation3. Hyperlipidemia4. Computed Tomography5. Dyspnea6. Neurology7. Angiography8. Prostatectomy9. Emphysema10. Hysterectomy三、翻译题（每题5分，共30分）1. 将下列医学术语从英文翻译成中文：- Hypertension: 高血压- Diabetes mellitus: 糖尿病- Asthma: 哮喘- Osteoporosis: 骨质疏松症2. 将下列医学术语从中文翻译成英文：- 冠心病: Coronary heart disease- 脑卒中: Stroke- 慢性阻塞性肺疾病: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)- 甲状腺功能亢进: Hyperthyroidism3. 翻译以下医学句子：- The patient is scheduled for a cardiac catheterizationnext week.病人下周安排进行心脏导管检查。
中医英语课后句子汉译英练习答案(第12-15课)
第十二课句子翻译1.The course of many diseases is a process of combat between pathogenic factors andhealthy qi as well as the ebb and flow of their strengths.2.Predominance of pathogenic factors leads to excess while depletion of essence results indeficiency.3.Healthy qi triumphs over pathogenic factors, leading to improvement of or recovery froman illness.4.Yang deficiency refers to the morbid state of insufficient or hypofunctional yang qi failingto warm the body.5.Yin deficiency refers to the morbid state of depleted essence, blood and fluid leading torelative hyperactivity of yang.6.Loss of yin or yang refers to the critical state of sudden, profuse loss of yin-fluid oryang-qi.7.The disorders of qi include insufficient production of qi, excessive depletion of qi,hypofunction of qi and abnormal movements of qi.8.The topical stagnation of qi may lead to such symptoms as distension, pain, or even bloodstasis and retention of water, fluid, or phlegm9.Qi adverseness refers to the morbid state of abnormal ascending and descending of qi andadverse, upward flow of visceral qi.10.Blood deficiency refers to the morbid state of insufficient blood failing to nourish thebody.11.Blood stasis refers to the morbid state of slow and unsmooth flow of blood.12.Blood heat refers to the morbid state of heat in the blood hastening the blood flow.13.Blood stasis due to qi stagnation means that the unsmooth flow of qi leads to disturbanceof blood circulation.14.Impairment of thin-fluid often develops to depletion of thick-fluid, and depletion ofthick-fluid is a result of insufficient thin-fluid.15.Qi stagnation due to fluid retention refers to the morbid state of disturbance of fluidmetabolism and retention of water, dampness, phlegm and fluid lead to stagnation of qi.16.Stirring of endogenous wind refers to a morbid state due to hyperactivity of yang qiwithin the body.17.Endogenous dampness is mostly caused by deficiency of the spleen, so it is also called“dampness due to spleen deficiency”.18.Endogenous dryness can be manifested in any organs or tissues, especially the lung,stomach and large intestine.19.The prolonged deficiency of yin-fluid of the lung often involves the kidney and results insimultaneous deficiency of the lung-yin and kidney-yin.20.The obstruction of the urinary bladde r is called “uroschesis” and the incontinence of urineis called “enuresis”.第十三课句子翻译1.Inspection is a diagnostic method of observing general or local changes of spirit, complexionand physical conditions.2.The listening-smelling method refers to an approach to diagnosis by listening to the voices ofthe patients and smelling the odors emitted from the patients.3.Inquiry is a diagnostic method used to understand the occurrence, development, presentsubjective symptoms and other things concerning the diseases by asking the patients or their companions.4.Pulse-taking and palpitation refer to the diagnostic method of feeling the pulse and palpatingthe stomach and abdomen, foot and hand as well as other regions of the patients.5.Local pathological changes may involve the whole body and the viscera, which can bemanifested in various aspects.6.The four diagnostic methods were developed gradually in the long-term medical practice.7.“With spirit” is a manifestation of sufficient essence, abundant qi, and full vitality.8.“Without spirit” is a manifestation of impaired essence, deficient qi, and dispiritedness.9.“False spirit”is a false manifestation of temporary vitality during the critical stage of adisease.10.Normal complexion refers to the facial colors under physiological conditions.11.Bluish color indicates cold syndrome, pain syndrome, blood stasis and infantile convulsion.12.Inspection of physical conditions can provide information about the state of visceral qi andblood, strength contrast between yin and yang or pathogenic factors and healthy qi, as well as prognosis and location of the diseases.13.V omiting is caused by adverse rising of stomach qi.14.Bulgy tongue is usually caused by retention of water, dampness, phlegm and fluid.15.Mirror-like tongue is primarily caused by depletion of stomach yin and impairment ofstomach qi.16.Yellow tongue coating is caused by fumigation of pathogenic heat and usually indicatesinterior syndrome and heat syndrome.17.Greasy tongue coating, usually caused by interior accumulation of damp-turbidity andstagnation of yang qi, mainly indicates retention of phlegm-fluid, damp-turbidity, food, damp-heat and obstinate phlegm, etc.18.Pressing diagnosis includes pulse-taking and palpation.19.The variation of pulse that reflects the state of a disease is known as morbid pulse.20.Clinically, only combined use of the four diagnostic methods can enable one to perform thecorrect diagnosis.第十四课句子翻译1.Pulse-taking is a miraculous and typical Chinese diagnostic method.2.Pulse-taking is so complicated that it has developed into a unique diagnostic system.3.The pulse is divided into three parts known as cun, guan and chi.4.The optimal time of pulse-taking is in the morning when the sun rises.5.During pulse-taking, the patient should relax himself, breathe naturally, and keep in calm.6.When taking pulse, the doctor should keep in calm, breathe naturally, and focus on the wholeprocess.7.One or several pulse manifestations would reveal a typical disease.8.The floating pulse pertains to yang, and commonly indicates diseases caused by invasion ofthe six exogenous pathogenic factors.9. A floating –soggy pulse indicates sunstroke.10.A floating –hollow pulse indicates bleeding.11.The sunken pulse pertains to yin and indicates internal damage due to the seven abnormalemotions.12.A sunken-slippery pulse indicates indigestion.13.Traditional Chinese medicine relies on pulse-taking to diagnose diseases, and it holds that theanalysis of pulse manifestations can predict the occurrence of diseases.14.If the pulse manifestation in bronchus diseases is floating and small, it will be easily cured.15.If hollow, small and slow pulse manifested during bleeding, the prognosis will be favorable.16.Sparrow-pecking pulse and roof-leaking pulse indicate unfavorable prognosis.17.Fish-swimming pulse and shrimp-darting pulse indicate that the patient is in critical condition.18.The seasonal characteristics of pulse manifestation are wiry in spring, surging in summer,floating in autumn, and sunken in winter.19.The pulse characteristics of over-weighted people are sunken and hastening.20.The pulse manifestation of infants is characterized by rapidity, and there are seven beats inone respiration.第十五课句子翻译1.The manifestations of diseases, though complicated, can be generalized into certain patterns inthe light of the eight principles.2.In the light of the eight principles, the complicated clinical manifestations can be generalizedinto four pairs of patterns: exterior and interior, cold and heat, deficiency and excess, yin and yang.3.The exterior and interior are two principles used to differentiate the location and severity ofdiseases.4.Exterior syndrome indicates that the disease is shallow in location and mild in severity, whileinterior syndrome shows that the diseases is deep in location and serious in severity.5.Interior penetration of exogenous pathogenic factors indicates progress of the disease whileexterior regression of endogenous pathogenic factors suggests withdrawal of the disease.6.The simultaneous manifestation of exterior syndrome and interior syndrome is known as“disease involving both exterior and interior”.7.Cold syndrome is usually caused by cold attack or predominance of yin and decline of yang.8.Heat syndrome, characterized by hyperactivity of physical functions, is usually caused byinvasion of pathogenic heat or predominance of yang and decline of yin.9.The transformation of heat syndrome into cold syndrome is a reflection of pathogenic factorstriumphing over healthy qi.10.Exterior cold syndrome is caused by invasion of pathogenic cold into the superficies.11.Interior cold syndrome is caused by direct attack of pathogenic cold on the viscera or bydecline of yang qi.12.Interior heat syndrome is caused by invasion of exogenous pathogenic factors that transforminto heat in the interior, or by direct attack of pathogenic heat on the viscera that makes the interior heat become exuberant.13.Deficiency syndrome is a generalization of various pathological manifestations due todeficiency of healthy qi.14.Excess syndrome is a generalization of various pathological manifestations caused byexogenous pathogenic factors or accumulation of pathological substances in the body.15.Excess of yang qi leads to fever with sweating while excess of yin qi results in cold sensationwithout sweating.16.Deficiency of genuine yin or yang refers to insufficiency of kidney yin or yang.17.Loss of yin or yang is usually caused by high fever with profuse sweating, over-diaphoresis,excessive vomiting and diarrhea, or massive bleeding.18.Floating pulse indicates exterior syndrome while sunken pulse shows interior syndrome.19.Retention of heat in the intestine and stomach is marked by constipation or unpalpableabdominal distension, fullness and pain.20.Manifestations of tongue coating rarely change in exterior syndrome while constantly changein interior syndrome.。
中医医学英语,课后练习答案
第一单元1,临床经验clinical experience2,辨证论治treatment based on syndrome differentiation3,四气五味four properties and five tastes4,针灸acupuncture and moxibustion5,补土派School of Reinforcing the Earth寒凉派School of cold and cool攻下派School of purgation滋阴派School of nourishing yin6,治疗原则therapeutic principles7,寒凉药物herbs cold and cool8,中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。
TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinese people’s experience in their struggle against diseases9, 《黄帝内经》为中医学理论体系的形成奠定了基础。
Hang di’s Inner Canon has laid a foundation for the formation of theoretical system of TCM.10, 阳常有余，阴常不足。
Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.11,金元时期出现了后世称为“金元四大家”的医学流派。
In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called “four great physicians ”in medical school.12, 刘完素认为“火热”为主要病因，用药以寒凉为主。
中医英语课后翻译习题答案 全
3�经络系统 system of meridians and collaterals 4�整体观念 holism 5�有机整体 organic whole 6�社会属性 social attribute 7�开窍(of the five zang-organs) open into 8�生长化收藏 sprouting, growing, transforming, ripening and storing 9�诊断学 diagnostics 10�邪正关系 relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi 11�治疗学 therapeutics 12�风寒感冒 common cold due to wind and cold 13�同病异治 treatment of the same disease with different remedies 14�异病同治 treatment of different diseases with the same remedy 15�水液代谢平衡 balance of water metabolism 16�清心火 clearing away heart fire 17�疾病本质 nature of disease 18�“以左治右” treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right
on etiology and symptomatology in TCM. 7.阳常有余�阴常不足。
Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient. 8.内伤脾胃�百病由生。
中医英语课后答案1、2、5、6、7练习答案
中医英语课后答案1、2、5、6、7练习答案第一课一．术语翻译1. traditional Chinese medicine; TCM2. basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine3. clinical experience4. treatment based on syndrome differentiation5. miscellaneous diseases6. Chinese pharmacy7. four properties and five tastes 8. acupuncture and moxibustion; acumox 9. classical Chinese philosophy 10. sweating therapy; diaphoresis11. purgation12. vomiting therapy; emetic therapy 13. the School of Reinforcing the Earth 14. etiology15. prescription; formula 16. medical practice 17. therapeutic principles 18. herbs cold and cool in nature 19. nourishing yin and reducing fire 20. diseases caused by blood stagnation 二．句子翻译1. TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinese people’s experience in their struggle against diseases.2. TCM has a unique and integrated theoretical system.3. TCM is a science that studies the rules of life as well as the occurrence, progress, prevention and treatment of diseases.4. Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine has laid a solid foundation for the formation of theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.5. Classic of Difficulties has supplemented what was unaddressed in the Yellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine in many respects, especially in pulse lore.6. Discussion on the Causes and Symptoms of Various Diseases is the earliest extant monograph on the causes and symptoms of diseases in China.7. Yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.8. Internal impairment of the spleen and stomach causes various diseases.9. Compendium of Materia Medica is recognized as a monumental work in thehistory of Chinese materia medica and a great contribution to the development of pharmacology in the world.10. Traditional Chinese materia medica includes not only medicinal herbs, but also minerals and animal parts.11. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called four great medical schools.12. Zhang Congzheng believed that all diseases were caused by exogenous pathogenic factors and advocated that pathogenic factors should be driven out by means of diaphoresis, emesis and purgation.13. Liu Wansu believed that “fire-heat” was the main cause of a variety of diseases and that these diseases should should be treated with drugs cold and cool in nature. 14. Li Gao held that “internal impairment of the spleen and stomach would bring about diseases” and emphasized that the most important thing in clinical treatment was to warm and invigorate the spleen and stomach.15. Zhu Danxi believed that “yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient” and advocated the remedies of nourishing yin and reducing fire in treatment of diseases.16. Study on Warm Disease is a clinical specialty focusing on the occurrence, progress, diagnosis and treatment of warm diseases.17. The School of Warm Disease has developed the rules of treatment of warm disease based on syndrome differentiation in light of defensive phase, qi phase, nutritive phase, blood phase and triple energizer.18. Wang Qingren in the late Qing Dynasty corrected mistakes about anatomy made in ancient medical books and advocated the theory that diseases were caused by blood stagnation.19. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has paved a new way for the development and modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.20. Great progress has been made in systematic and experimental study of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. 第二课一．术语翻译1. five zang-organs; five zang-viscera2. six fu-organs3. system of meridians and collaterals4. holism5. organic wholenss6. social attribute7. (of the five zang-organs) open into 8. sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store 9. diagnostics10. relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi 11. therapeutics12. common cold due to wind and cold13. different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease 14. the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases 15. balance of water metabolism 16. clearing away heart fire 17. nature of disease18. treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side19. drawing yang from yin20. treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part 二．句子翻译1. The theoretical system of TCM is mainly characterized by holism and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.2. TCM believes that the human body is an organic whole.3. The constituent parts of the human body are interdependent in physiology and mutually influential in pathology.4. The holism permeates through the physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment of diseases.5. Changes in the natural world directly or indirectly influence the human body.6. Qi and blood in the human body tend to flow to the exterior in spring and summer and to the interior in autumn and winter.7. The heart opens into the tongue and is internally and externally related to the small intestine.8. TCM has noticed that the fact that social activity psychologically influences human beings.9. According to TCM, the body and spirit coexist, interacting with each other and influencing each other.10. Yang qi in the human body tends to flow to the exterior in the daytime and to the interior at night.11. Regional differences, to some extent, influences the physiological activities of the human body.12. Syndrome is a generalization of pathological changes at a certain stage during the course of a disease.13. Treatment based on syndrome differentiation, one of the characteristics of TCM, is the basic principle in TCM for understanding and treating diseases.14. Syndrome includes the location, cause and nature of a disease as well as the state of pathogenic factors and healthy qi.15. Differentiation of syndrome and treatment of disease are two inseparable aspects in diagnosing and treating diseases.16. Clinically doctors pay great attention to the differentiation of diseases. But therapeutically they care more about the differentiation of syndromes because diseases can be cured by treating syndromes.17. Syndrome can comprehensively and accurately reveal the nature ofa disease. 18. Different diseases may demonstrate the same syndrome because of the similarity in pathogenesis.19. If the syndrome of middle qi sinking appears in two different diseases, they all can be treated by the therapeutic method for elevating middle qi. 20. The treatment of diseases in TCM does not only simplyconcentrate on the difference or similarity of diseases, but on the difference or similarity of pathogenesis. 第五课一．术语翻译1. 藏象学说 doctrine of visceral manifestations2. 五脏六腑 five zang-organs and six fu-organs3. 奇恒之腑 extraordinary fu-organs 水谷精微 nutrients of water and food传化水谷 transmitting and transforming water and food 贮藏精气storing essence表里关系 internal and external relationship 治疗效应 therapeutic effects 临床实践 clinical practice 藏而不泻 storage without discharge 泻而不藏 discharge without storage形体诸窍 physical build and various orifices。
高三英语医学用语练习题40题(带答案)
高三英语医学用语练习题40题(带答案)1. The doctor said there was something wrong with my ____. It helps me digest food.A. heartB. stomachC. lungD. kidney答案解析：B。
本题考查人体器官的英语表达及对句子的理解。
A选项“heart”是心脏，主要功能是泵血，与消化食物无关；C选项“lung”是肺，主要功能是呼吸；D选项“kidney”是肾，主要功能是过滤血液等，与消化功能无关；而B选项“stomach”是胃，胃的功能是帮助消化食物，符合题意。
2. She has a ____. She can't stop coughing.A. headacheB. toothacheC. coughD. fever答案解析：C。
这题考查常见病症的英语表达。
A选项“headache”是头疼，症状是头部疼痛，与咳嗽无关；B选项“toothache”是牙疼，是牙齿部位的疼痛；D选项“fever”是发烧，主要症状是体温升高；C 选项“cough”就是咳嗽的意思，根据句子中“can't stop coughing”可知答案为C。
3. The patient has a pain in his ____. It is very important for our balance.A. earB. eyeC. legD. ankle答案解析：A。
本题考查人体器官和相关知识。
B选项“eye”是眼睛，主要功能是视觉，与平衡无关；C选项“leg”是腿，虽然腿对身体的支撑和移动很重要，但不是直接与平衡有最重要联系的器官；D选项“ankle”是脚踝，主要是关节的连接作用；A选项“ear”中的内耳部分对平衡起着非常重要的作用，所以这里是耳朵疼，答案为A。
4. I have a ____. Every time I eat something sweet, it hurts terribly.A. backacheB. stomachacheC. cavityD. cut答案解析：C。
五年级英语人体器官单选题50题
五年级英语人体器官单选题50题1.The boy has two big _____.A.eyesB.earsC.nosesD.mouths答案：A。
本题考查人体头部器官词汇。
男孩有两只大眼睛比较符合常理，B 选项耳朵通常不用big 来形容；C 选项noses 是鼻子，一般也不用big 形容；D 选项mouths 是嘴巴，一般不用two big 修饰。
2.She has long _____.A.hairB.faceC.teethD.eyes答案：A。
考查头部器官相关词汇。
long 通常修饰头发，B 选项face 不能用long 修饰；C 选项teeth 一般不用long 修饰；D 选项eyes 也不用long 修饰。
3.The girl has a small _____.A.noseB.mouthC.ear答案：A。
考查头部器官词汇及形容词搭配。
a small 通常修饰nose，B 选项mouth 一般不用small 修饰；C 选项ear 一般不用small 修饰；D 选项eye 一般不用small 修饰。
4.His _____ are blue.A.eyesB.earsC.noseD.mouth答案：A。
考查头部器官词汇及颜色修饰。
眼睛可以是蓝色的，ears 耳朵、nose 鼻子、mouth 嘴巴通常不用blue 修饰。
5.She has beautiful _____.A.hairB.faceC.eyesD.nose答案：C。
考查头部器官词汇及形容词搭配。
beautiful 可以形容眼睛，A 选项hair 一般不用beautiful 修饰；B 选项face 可以用beautiful 修饰，但此处考查头部器官，所以不选；D 选项nose 一般不用beautiful 修饰。
6.The man has a big _____.A.headC.noseD.mouth答案：C。
考查头部器官词汇及形容词搭配。
高三英语医学用语单选题30题
高三英语医学用语单选题30题1. In the hospital, the doctor said the patient had a problem with his “liver”. Which part of the body is the “liver”?A. 心脏B. 肝脏C. 肺脏D. 肾脏答案：B。
解析：“liver”的医学含义是肝脏。
选项A“心脏”的英语是“heart”；选项C“肺脏”的英语是“lung”；选项D“肾脏”的英语是“kidney”，这几个选项都是人体器官的英语表达，但是与“liver”的含义不同。
2. A person has a “fever”. What does it mean?A. 咳嗽B. 发烧C. 头痛D. 胃痛答案：B。
解析：“fever”在医学英语中的意思是发烧。
选项A“咳嗽”是“cough”；选项C“头痛”是“headache”；选项D“胃痛”是“stomachache”，这些都是不同病症的英语表达，和“fever”的含义有明显区别。
3. The doctor told the patient that his “blood pressure” was a bit high. What is “blood pressure”?A. 血糖B. 血压C. 血脂D. 血氧量答案：B。
解析：“blood pressure”的医学含义是血压。
选项A“血糖”是“blood sugar”；选项C“血脂”是“blood lipid”；选项D“血氧量”是“blood oxygen content”，这些都是和血液相关的不同指标的英语表达，与“blood pressure”不同。
4. When a person has a “toothache”, which part of the body is in pain?A. 眼睛B. 牙齿C. 耳朵D. 鼻子答案：B。
解析：“toothache”的医学含义是牙痛，也就是牙齿（tooth）疼痛。
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中译英练习（一）：1．藏象学说是研究人体各个脏腑的生理功能、病理变化及其相互关系的学说。
1.The theory of visceral manifestation studies the physiological functions and pathologicalchanges of viscera and their relations.2．藏象学说在中医学理论体系中占有极其重要的地位。
2.The theory of visceral manifestation plays an important role in the theoretical systemof TCM.3．五脏的共同生理特点是化生和贮藏精气。
3.The common physiological function of the five zang-organs is to produce and storeessence qi.4．六腑的共同生理特点是受盛和传化水谷。
4.The common physiological function of the six fu-organs is to receive, transport andtransform water and food.5．脏病多虚，腑病多实。
5.Diseases of the zang-organs are often of deficiency in nature while diseases of thefu-organs are frequently of excess in nature.6．脏实者可泻其腑，腑虚者可补其脏。
6.Excess of zang-organs can be treated by purging the corresponding fu-organs whiledeficiency of fu-organs can be treated by reinforcing the related zang-organs.7．皮肤受凉而感冒，会出现鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽等症状。
mon cold due to invasion of cold into the skin is often characterized by stuffynose, running nose and cough.8．肾的精气有促进骨骼生长的作用。
8.Kidney essence is helpful for promoting the growth of skeleton.9．心与小肠相表里。
9.The heart and the small intestine are internally and externally related to each other.10．五脏与形体诸窍联结成一个整体。
10.The five zang-organs and all the orifices on its physical shape form an organic whole.11．脾开窍于口，其华在唇。
11.The spleen opens into the mouth and its luster is manifested over the lips.12．五脏的生理活动与精神情志密切相关。
12.The physiological activities of the five zang-organs are closely associated with thestate of spirit and emotions.13．五脏的生理活动统率全身整体的生理功能。
13.The physiological functions of the five zang-organs play a leading role in thephysiological functions of the whole body.14．五脏生理功能之间的平衡协调是维持机体内在环境相对恒定的重要环节。
14.The coordination and balance between the five zang-organs is key to the relativestability of the internal environment of the body.15．五脏与形体诸窍的联系维系着体内外环境之间的相对平衡协调。
15.The normal relationship between the five zang-organs and the physical orificesmaintains the relative balance between the internal environment and external environment of the body.16．精神情志和思维意识活动的时常也会影响五脏的生理功能。
16.Disorder of spirit, emotions and mental activity affects the physiological functions ofthe five zang-organs.17．藏象学说的形成是以一定的古代解剖知识为基础。
17.The formation of the theory of visceral manifestation was, to a certain extent, basedon the knowledge of anatomy in ancient times.18．“有诸内，必形诸外”。
18.The state of the internal organs must be manifested externally.19．藏象学说对脏腑的认识大大超越了人体解剖学的脏腑范围。
19.The knowledge about the viscera in the theory of visceral manifestation has exceededthe scope of that in modern anatomy.20．藏象学说中的脏腑不单纯是一个解剖学概念，而是概括了人体某一系统的生理和病理学概念。
20.The viscera in the theory of visceral manifestations are not simply anatomic concepts,but the concepts that are used to generalize the physiological functions and pathological changes in the whole body.中译英练习（二）：1．心脏的主要生理功能是主血脉和主神志。
1.The main physiological function of the heart is to control blood vessels and governthe mind.2．脉是血液运行的通道。
2.The vessels are the passages in which blood flows.3．血液的正常运行必须以心气充沛，血液充盈和脉道通利为其基本的前提条件。
3.Sufficient heart qi, abundant blood and smoothness of vessels are prerequisite tonormal circulation of blood.4．若心有病变，可以从舌上反映出来。
4.Pathological changes of the heart can be observed from the tongue.5．肺的呼吸功能健全与否，直接影响着宗气的生成。
5.The respiratory function of the lung directly influences the production of thoracic qi.6．肺失于宣散，即可出现呼气不利、胸闷、咳喘等病理现象。
6.Failure of the lung to disperse inevitably leads to dyspnea, chest oppression, coughand panting.7．如果肺的通调水道功能减退，就可发生水液停聚而生痰、成饮。
7.Hypofunction of the lung in regulating water passage will lead to production ofphlegm and retained fluid due to stagnation of water.8．肺的病变多见于鼻、喉的证候。
8.The pathological changes of the lung are mainly manifested in the nose and throat.9．运化水谷即是对饮食物的消化和吸收。
9.Transportation and transformation of water and food means to digest food andabsorb nutrients from food.10．脾失健运即脾运化水谷精微的功能减退。
10.Failure of the spleen to transport normally refers to hypofunction of the spleen intransporting and transforming the nutrients of water and food.11．脾为后天之本，气血生化之源。
11.The spleen is the acquired base of life and the source of qi and blood production.12．百病皆由脾胃衰而生也。
12.All diseases are caused by weakness of the spleen and stomach.13．肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄和主藏血。
13.The main physiological function of the liver is to control free flow of qi and storeblood.14．气机的郁结会导致血行及津液的输布代谢的障碍。
14.Stagnation of qi will affect blood circulation as well as distribution and metabolism ofbody fluid.15．肝血不足或肝不藏血时即可引起月经量少，甚则经闭。