自考旅游英语选读chapter 2

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旅游英语Unit 2 a-b

Unit 2
Global Code of Ethics for Tourism
background
• The Global Code of Ethics for Tourism (GCET) is a comprehensive set of principles whose purpose is to guide stakeholders in tourism development: central and local governments, local communities, the tourism industry and its professionals, as well as visitors, both international and domestic.
• ARTICLE 5 Tourism, a beneficial activity for host countries and communities
ARTICLE 6 Obligations of stakeholders in tourism development
ARTICLE 7 Right to tourism
Language Points
• code n. set of moral principles accepted by society or a group of people
• stakeholder n. people employed at a particular sector.
• indigenous a. native
Reading A
Comprehension Questions
• What’s the foundation of tourism?

旅游英语阅读教程Unit 2

大连理工大学出版社
Text

The Palace Museum
The Palace Museum, former residence of the Ming and Qing emperors, is also known as the Forbidden City. The Palace Museum contains the world’s largest group of intact palace structures made largely of timber. It was listed as the World Cultural Heritage Site by the UNESCO in 1987. The construction of the palace began in 1406 and was completed 14 years later. In the years that followed, 24 emperors have ascended the throne and the last emperor, Pu Yi, was driven from the palace in 1924.

大连理工大学出版社
Text
Beyond the Meridian Gate unfolds a vast courtyard across which the Inner Golden Water River runs from east to west. The river is spanned by five bridges, which were supposed to be symbols of the five virtues preached by Confucius—benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence, and fidelity. At the north end of the courtyard is a three-tiered white marble terrace, seven meters above the ground, on which stand three majestic halls of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Complete Harmony, and the Hall of Preserving Harmony. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, rectangular in shape, 27 meters in height, covering 2,300 square meters, is the grandest and most important hall and also China’s largest existing palace of wood structure.

旅游英语Unit Two

Brief Introduction to Jiangsu Province
Jiangsu province, located in China’s eastern coastal center, covers an area of 102 600 square kilometers with a population of 78.7 million in 2010. It is one of the most developed areas in China in economy, technology and culture. There are numerous large bodies of water covering the area. So Jiangsu is very rich in the aquatic resource. There are 3 major tourist centers in Jiangsu, namely the Yangtze River Area, the Tai Lake Area and the Xuhuai Area. Among all of the interesting places, Confucius Temple, Mingxiao Tombs, Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, Dr Sun Yat-sens Mausoleum, The Humble Administrators Garden and the Master of the Nets Garden are welcome all over the world.
2. Introduce the station, sceneries, shopping malls, overpasses or architectures immediately.

2022年自考专业(英语)旅游英语选读考试真题及答案

2022年自考专业(英语)旅游英语选读考试真题及答案一、Multiple choice每题的四个选项中只有一个答案是正确的，请将正确的选项选择出来。

1、Which of the following is NOT the four different perspectives of tourism which are vital to the development of a comprehensive definition?A． The host community.B． The government of the host community or area.C． The tourists.D． The tourist attractions.2、The first Cook Hotel was established at（）in 1887.A． ParisB． LondonC． LuxorD． Rome3、（） is a regional international organization.A． OECDB． WTOC． IATAD． ICAO4、The passengers of cruise ships are usually considered （）.A． international travelersB． excursionistsC． commutersD． migrant tourists5、The development of bus and coach tours and railway excursions has had their greatest impact on those（）.A． with high incomesB． with middle incomesC． with limited incomesD． with no incomes6、The characteristics of business travel exclude being（）.A． of low standardB． price inelasticC． non-seasonalD． big-city orientated7、Most travel principals sell their products to consumers through the medium of（）.A． tour wholesalersB． travel agentsC． hotelsD． advertising agents8、The three categories of package tour brochures include the following EXCEPT（） .A． shell foldersB． umbrella brochuresC． leafletsD． regular tour brochures9、Which of the following description is NOT the characteristic of scheduled services?A． They operate on defined route.B． They vary with passenger load factors.C． They operate on a published timetable.D． They operate on domestic or international routes.10、The most stimulant in the 19th and early 20th centuries to vacations within the US, Canada and Europe was（）.A． the automobileB． the aircraftC． the steamshipD． the train11、Hospitality became a business venture in 1282 when a group of innkeepers in（）was incorporated as a guild and licensed to sell wine.A． Paris, FranceB． London, BritainC． Florence, ItalyD． Rome, Italy12、The lifeblood of the organization of a hotel is（）.A． the sales departmentB． the rooms departmentC． the accounting departmentD． the engineering department13、The economic effects of tourism are usually categorized into four groups including the effect（）.A．on income, on employment, on the area’s balance of payments with the outside world, and on investment and developmentB． on wages and salaries, on interest, on rent, and on profits C． on wages and salaries, on inter est, on the area’s balance of payments with the outside world, and on investment and developmentD． on income, on employment, on rent, and on profits14、The impact of tourism on values and norms includes the following EXCEPT（）.A． changes in family structures and valuesB． adoption of servile attitudes towards touristsC． dominance of leisure time by Western televisionD． an increase in criminality15、The degree of congestion which tourists will tolerate before the site begins to lose its appeal is called（）.A． the psychological capacityB． the physical capacityC． the safe capacityD． the ecological capacity二、Reading comprehension阅读以下短文，并从文后给出各题的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

旅游服务英语Chapter2 Unit2 Shaolin Temple

Mountain Gate: 山门，山门就是少林寺的大门，门额上的“少林寺”三字是清康熙皇帝亲书，上有 “康熙御笔之宝”方印一枚。
“The Stele Corridor”：碑林。
Chuipu Hall

原名“达摩西来堂”，西来，寓佛从西方而来之意，1985年更名为“锤谱堂”。位于山门内碑林西侧，中部建筑为达摩祖师堂，2005年新建，内供达摩祖师雕塑，凸显禅宗祖庭风貌。门两侧对联为“效劳社稷永葆中华儿女志，除暴安良传续炎黄子孙风”。长廊中用泥塑和木雕像的形式对少林武术的缘起、发展、练功、精华套路、僧兵战绩以及群众武术活动等内容作了概括展示。
Thousand-Bodhisattva Hall Ksitigarbha Hall
Manjusri Hall Chan Hall Bell Tower
Mountain Gate
The Stele Corridor
Read the tour commentary carefully and think about the following questions

Notes

Batuo (Buddhabhadra): 跋陀, 是第一个来到少林寺的高僧，他在少林寺专心翻译佛经，收徒子数百人。

菩提达摩（？～536），又作达摩，为南天竺（古印度）婆罗门种族高僧。梁大通元年（527年）从广州登陆，到中国传播佛教。达摩渡长江入北魏境，他先游历了洛阳，后到少林寺，在五乳峰上一个石洞里面壁静修，时间长达九年。他依据大乘派教义，融汇中国精神，初创了以 “静坐修身”为主要修行方法的学说，称为“壁观”，即大乘禅宗 .
sitting on both sides. ”

2020年10月全国自考旅游英语选读试题及答案解析

全国2018年10月自考旅游英语选读试题课程代码：00837请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上I. Multiple choice: (1×15=15)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1. The World Tourism Organization is located in ________.A. Pairs, FranceB. Geneva, SwitzerlandC. Madrid, SpainD. Venice, Italy2. Since the 1990s, ________ is the first to use computer management in China’s tourism industry.A. China International Travel ServiceB. China National Travel ServiceC. China Youth Travel ServiceD. China Comfort Travel Service3. “Souvenir-collecting” is now seen as a ________ to the ecological balance of a region.A. tradeB. terrorC. thrillD. threat4. In the early ________, the first commercial jet (the Comet) came into service as a result of the enormous growth of aviation technology.A. 1940sB. 1950sC. 1960sD. 1970s5. The World Tourism Organization also provides technical help to developing countries, primarily through ________.A. the United StatesB. the United Nations1C. the World Health OrganizationD. the World Trade Organization6. Therefore China faces both ________ and ________ in developing its tourism to a higher level.A. opportunities, challengesB. opportunities, chancesC. difficulties, challengesD. difficulties, problems7. One of the key characteristics of the new tourism is ________.A. easy to organizeB. rigid packagingC. flexibilityD. cheap price8. A general manager must not only assemble a team, but mold them into a coordinated, cooperating group of people capable of working together for the common goal:________. A. showing a big profit B. creating a satisfied guestC. performing a direct serviceD. providing a comfortable atmosphere9. More tourism facilities need ________ for domestic travelers.A. developingB. developedC. to be developedD. being developing10. In the early 1900s, the first ________ in the United States was started by Ellsworth Startler,father of the modern hotel industry.A. commercial hotelB. moderate-priced hotelC. motor hotelD. chain operation11. ________ and ________ activities have played significant roles in making people more awareof what is available and the wide choice existing today.A. Promotional, marketingB. Promotional, publicityC. Sales, publicityD. Sales, marketing12. Business travel is also influenced by business related attractions such as ________ and2________.A. exhibitions, trade fairsB. exhibitions, conferencesC. lectures, trade fairsD. lectures, conferences13. Travelers usually ________ those whose travels require the use of overnight accommodation and those whose trips last less than one day.A. classify intoB. classifies intoC. are classifying intoD. are classified into14. Tourists may spend their leisure time ________ in various sports, sunbathing, taking rides orsimply ________ the environment.A. engage, enjoyB. to engage, to enjoyC. engaging, enjoyingD. engaged, enjoyed15. At its ________ and ________ this flow of comparatively wealthy tourists to a region has theeffect of attracting petty criminals, as is evidenced by increases in thefts or muggings.A. simple, directB. simpler, directerC. simplest, more directD. simplest, most directII. Reading comprehension: (2×10=20)Directions: Read the following passages and make your proper choices.(1)Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically nonexistent. It is nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining seat on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his seat to her, as he ought. In fact,it is saddening to note that if a man does offer his seat to an older woman, it is nearly always a continental man or one from the older generation.3This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued about by young men who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with courtesy, and that those who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone else. Women have never claimed to be physically as strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, that young men should stand up for younger women, the fact remains that courtesy should be shown to the old, the sick and the burdened. Are we really so lost to all ideals of unselfishness that we can sit there indifferently reading the paper or a book, saying to ourselves “First come, first served,” while a gra y haired woman, a mother with a young child or a cripple stands? Yet this is all too often seen.Conditions in travel are really very hard on everyone, we know, but hardship is surely no excuse. Sometimes one wonders what would have been the behavior of these stout young men in packed refugee train or a train on its way to a prisoner camp during the war. Would they have considered it only right and their proper due to keep the best places for themselves then?Older people, tired and irritable from a day’s w ork, are not angels at all. Many a brisk argument or an insulting quarrel breaks out as the weary queues push and shove each other to get on buses and tubes. One cannot commend this, of course, but one does feel there is just a little more excuse.If cities are to remain pleasant places to live in at all, however, it seems urgent, not only that communications in transport should he improved, but also that communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and toorushed to be polite. Shop assistants won’t bother to assist, taxi drivers shout at each other as theydash dangerously round corners, bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have had time to get on or off the bus, and so on and so forth. It seems to us that it4is up to theyoung and strong to do their small part to stop such deterioration.16. According to the passage, we could expect good manners from ________.A. Englishmen in LondonB. a man from FranceC. men in big modern cities in EnglandD. men only in metropolitan cities17. What is the writer’s opinion concerning courteous manners toward women?A. Women have claimed equality and no longer need to be treated differently from men.B. It is considered old fashioned for young men to give up their seats for young women.C. Lady First should be universally practiced.D. Special consideration should be shown to women.18. According to the writer, communication between human beings would be smoother if ________.A. people were more considerate to each otherB. life were easier and more comfortableC. women were treated with more courtesyD. public transport could be improved19. The italicized word “deterioration” in the last paragraph probably means “________”.A. worsening of the general situationB. lowering of the moral standardsC. declining of the courtesy to womenD. spreading of evil conduct20. It could be inferred that the best remedy for the hard travel conditions in city would be ________.A. to attach significance to the moral education of young peopleB. to treat people, be they young or old, with courtesy and sympathyC. to demand everyone do his part not to be impolite to each otherD. to improve the means of transportation and the public morality(2)5From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s veryworst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They swear. They are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-year-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behavior. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy traffic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.It is high time that a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some of the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is;6all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be made much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specification for manufactures. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as too severe if it results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars.21. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.B. Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.C. The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.D. Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.22. The italicized word “condone” (Para. 3) probably means “________”.A. dislikeB. conductC. forgiveD. forbid23. The sentence “his car becomes the extension of his personality” (Para. 2) probably means “________”.A. driving can show his real selfB. driving can show the other part of his personalityC. driving can bring out his characterD. his car embodies his temper24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?A. To test drivers at more regular intervals.B. To make driving tests more difficult to pass.7C. To modify maximum and minimum speed limits.D. To draw up safety specifications for manufactures.25. The author’s attitude towards the present traffic laws is ________.A. ironicalB. criticalC. appealingD. pessimisticIII. Cloze: (1×15=15)Directions: Choose the one from the given A, B, C and D to complete the passage properly.The nation’s dreams for the 2010 World Expo have come true as Shanghai won the bid in the fourth round of voting at the Bureau of International Exhibition’s 132nd general assembly. Shanghai beat four 26 cities and won 54 votes 27 of 88 member countries in the 28 round. At 3:15 p.m. local time, the Grimaldi Forum 29 a sea of red five-star flags as people shouted “Shanghai, China.”The other four 30 countries lost out in the order of Poland, Mexico, Russia, and South Korea--- 31 lost by 20 votes to China.In the presentation by the Chinese delegation yesterday morning, Vice-Premier Li Lanqing said: “ 32 behalf of the Chinese Government, I solemnly 33 that we will honor each and every 34 we have made to deliver an exciting and unforgettable event.”Li said Shanghai 35 China’s desire to integrate with the international community, its 36 economy, sound infrastructure, clean environment and social 37 .“The BIE38 for understanding, exchange, co-operation and friendship. These qualities can be fully realized by 39 the World Expo in China, a nation 40 believes in harmony and mutual benefit,” Li said.26. A. other B. each C. another D. every27. A. above B. over C. out D. on28. A. last B. ultimate C. first D. final829. A. recovered B. represented C. ornamented D. resembled30. A. competed B. competingC. having competedD. being competed31. A. which B. who C. what D. when32. A. In B. On C. At D. With33. A. remain B. reclaim C. reaffirm D. rejoin34. A. comment B. commitment C. commission D. committee35. A. embraces B. embodies C. embeds D. embarks36. A. strong B. active C. healthy D. robust37. A. stability B. activity C. ecomony D. development38. A. speaks B. takes C. makes D. stands39. A. having B. making C. holding D. opening40. A. that B. what C. whose D. itIV. Phrasal verbs: (1×10=10)Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper phrasal verbs given below. Make some changes if necessary.41. The education of young people __________ the future of our country.42. Fishing, bathing, and dancing can __________ there.43. We should not __________ people’s good nature.44. I’ll __________ an MBA if I were you.45. His achievement __________ his hard work.946. The garden __________ a swimming pool.47. Her hope of scholarship __________ her mark of intensive reading.48. As winter __________ spring, the days begin to lengthen.49. Dying local art and crafts __________ tourist demand.50. Now her hair __________ a healthy shine.V. Phrase translation: (1×20=20)Part OneDirections: Translate the following into English.51．硬通货 52．特许经营权53．远洋定期客轮54．保险范围55．半食宿 56．旅游淡季57．重新安置58．过境手续59．购买力 60．空架滑车Part TwoDirections: Translate the following into Chinese.61. load factor 62. transportation mode63. caravan routes 64. managing director65. destination economy 66. instant culture67. an area of scenic beauty 68. terra cotta warriors and horses69. make end meet 70. diversity of landscapesVI. Passage translation: (10×2=20)Directions: Translate the following passages into Chinese.71. However, in theory, bringing together people of different countries and backgrounds does have political and educational significance as well as the economic and social aspects. The degree achieved depends on the host countries and the ability to converse in the relevant languages.10…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………Through travel, people are finding friends in every corner of the earth: finding common bonds with the rest of humanity and spreading messages of hope for a peaceful world. Tourism, properly designed and developed, has the potential to help bridge the psychological and cultural distances that separate people of diverse races, colors, religions and stages of social and economic development.72. In the past decades, international hotel companies concentrated on building luxury and upscale hotels and resorts around the world to serve tourists from the developed Western countries. Since the early 1990s, international hotel companies have noticed that growth at the high end of the hotel segment slowed down worldwide, but demand for two-star and three-star midscale hotels has been on the rise in many countries with emerging economies. For instance, the rush to build luxury hotels in Bangkok, Thailand, in the 1980s and early 1990s has pushed the hotel market to a glut. The average room rate of a five-star hotel in Bangkok in 1993 was only $79 per night. However, there has been a shortage of two-star and three-star hotels in Bangkok to accommodate the increased number of tourists from South Korea, and China.11。

旅游英语book2Unit 3

Home
旅游英语
Unit 3 Hotel Service Reading A
Task 1
Work with your partner. Try to list some world-famous hotels.
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旅游英语
Unit 3 Hotel Service Reading A
Burj Al Arab Hotel When the Burj Al Arab Hotel opened in 1999, a British journalist enjoyed a marvelous time there and said that she had never before experienced such high quality service. As she was trying to write a report about the hotel, she could find no word to describe it. Finally, she ranked it as the only seven-star hotel in the world. Since then, this free advertisement has spread all over the world. The Burj Al Arab is part of The Jumeirah Beach Resort, situated 17 kilometers south of the city of Dubai, a dynamic city and the second largest emirate in The United Arab Emirates. Dubai is famously known as the entertainment capital of the Middle East attracting party lovers from all over the world, especially those who are wealthy enough to splash out on the most expensive bars and clubs in the city. The Burj Al Arab Hotel is the most luxurious hotel in Dubai.

自考英语阅读二课文与翻译

Text1.Doweneedextravitamins?Manypeoplebelievethattakingvitaminsupplementsisthebestsafeguardagainstthedangersofanincompletediet,butthisshouldbe①alastresort(最后手段)ratherthanawayoutofaproblem.Evenifthereisagenuineneedforextravitamins,thensoonerorlaterthequestionarises"whichone sdoIneed,howmuchofthem,andhowoften?"Thereisreallynosimpleanswertothisquestion.TheFoodStandardsCommittee(guardians②保护者ofourlawsonfoodpurity,labellingandadvertisingclamsanddescriptions)suggestintheirrecentreporttothegovernmentthatwedonotneedanyextravitamins.Theysaythattheyare"notnecessaryforahealthyindividualeatinganormaldiet".Whilstfewofuswouldchallengetheirauthorityonthesubjectofnutritionitis,perhaps,pertinenttoaskthequestion"howmanyofusarehealthy,andwhatisanormaldiet?"Thereisanelementofdoubtinmanymindsaboutthesetwoaspectsandtho ughfewpeoplearefamiliarwiththewording oftheFoodStandardsReporttheydowonderinstinctivelyiftheyareeatingtherightthings.Theblameforfaultyeatinghabit sisoftenplacedatthedooroftheubiquitous③（a.beingeverywhere,esp.atthesametime普遍存在的）junkandconveniencefoods.Aswehaveseen,someofthesearenotthecriminalstheyaremade outtobeWhitebreadisonlyslightlylessnutritiousthanbrownbreadandfrozen vegetablescanbealmostas"fresh"asfreshfood.Thereareveryfewfoodswhichcanreallybedescribedaspurerubbish.Manypre-packedgoodscontaintoomuchsugar andwewouldallbenefitbyavoidingthese,butmosttinned,processedanddriedfoodscontainusefulamountsoffat,protein,carbohydrate④（n.碳水化合物）,vitaminsandminerals.Theadditionofasmallamountoffruitorasidesaladtoconvenience foodssuchaspizzasorhamburgerscanturnasnackintoawell-balancedmeal.许多人认为，服用维生互补剂是防止出现饮食营养不均衡情况的最好防X办法，但这是解决这一问题的方法中最不可行的作法。

山东省自考英语二Unit 2

Unit 2（山东省自考英语）Text ACaught Between Two Cultures 夹在两种文化之间I was born and raised in Hong Kong.我是土生土长的香港人。

For the past six years I’ve been living in the United States．六年来一直生活在美国，I work as a salesgirl in a large department store.是一家大百货商店的女售货员。

Right now I’m going through a difficult period of my life which is hard for me to talk about．目前我正经历人生中一段痛苦，自己也很难讲述。

A few months ago 1 went to Hong Kong for a visit．几个月前，我回香港探亲，It was the first time I’d gone back there since coming to the United States．这也是我到美国后第一次回家探亲。

I was eager to see my parents，my brothers and sisters，and my friends．我期待着见到我的父母、兄弟姐妹和我的朋友。

I really got a shock when I arrived．到达时，我确实大吃一惊。

Hong Kong was not the same city that I left six years ago．香港已经不是六年前我离开时的那座城市了。

Things had changed so much that I didn’t recognize parts of it．这儿发生了巨大的变化，一些地方都认不出来了。

My elementary school was gone．我读书的那所小学已经不复存在。

自考旅游英语选读chapter 2

客观条件

Increased leisure time, especially with improved incomes in the developed countries, has led to growing demand for tourism both at home and abroad.（P63） The development of the car, associated road networks, the railways, efficient aircraft offering greater comfort and safety. Bus and coach tours and railway excursions have great impact on those with limited incomes. Long distance, international air travel improvements, especially cheaper fares have increased demand from the higher income groups but also extended possibilities for such holidays to the middle income and less well-off persons.

II.文化型旅游

对文化感兴趣的人，地理位置及是否有文化活动将决定他们对目的地的选择。膳宿条件退居其次，文化活动举办地的远近是首选。
III. 求学旅游

无论是为了去了解某些东西还是去学习知识，都会选择与目的相符的旅游地，膳食条件是次要的
IV. 猎奇旅游

2022年自考专业(英语)旅游英语选读考试真题及答案4

2022年自考专业(英语)旅游英语选读考试真题及答案一、Multiple choice(1×15=15)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,CandD.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1、The International Passenger Survey in the U.K. distinguished 5 types of visits: holiday independent _____ business, visits to friends and relatives, miscellaneous.A.conventionB.personal affairsC.holiday inclusiveD.adventures2、 Tourists who wish to see as much of the countryside as possible may elect to________ staying at different places each night.A.take a coach tourB.take a train tourC.travel on footD.travel by air3、 In general, the world's _____ have experienced high levelof tourism demand and supply.A.developed nationsB.developing nationsC.coastal countriesD.eastern countries4、 _____ can be considered the end or goal of leisure.A.Belonging and loveB.SafetyC.EsteemD.Self-actualization5、 The tourism industry is like any other in that _____ .A.its products and markets are closely interrelatedB.its products are determined by the marketsC.its markets are determined by the productsD.there is no direct relation between its products and markets6、 _____ will ensure that costs are kept under control, and that staff are motivated.A.Good serviceB.Good managementC.Good interpersonal relationshipD.Good marketing plan7、 If the brochure is to do its job effectively, the entire following are essential EXCEPT _____ .A.good layoutB.high-quality photographyC.high-quality paperD.bright colors8、In the second half of the 20 century, the development of______contributed to the growth of tourism.A.water transportB.air transportC.train transportD.automobile transport9、 ____ last approximately one to four weeks.A.Short cruisesB.Regular cruisesC.Intermediate-length cruisesD.Long cruises10、 The first chain operation in the United States was started by________in the early 1900s.A.Thomas CookB.Kemmons WilsonC.Ellsworth StatlerD.Samuel Cunard11、One of the primary responsibilities of a manager is to ____ .A.assemble a team to asst in running the hotelB.supervise all the different phases of the operationC.satisfy every guest of the hotelD.take care of all guests12、 A very large number of the jobs created by tourism are ____ ,so that tourism's contribution to "job-hours" is great.A.seasonalB.temporaryC.reliableD.stable13、 ____ may form an impenetrable barrier to genuine local contact and this limitation may lead to mutual misunderstandingA.Limited timeB.Different traditionsC.Inequality of tourists and hostsnguage14、 The subject of congestion can be considered in three ways.h includes all the following EXCEPT ____ .A.physical capacityB.psychological capacityC.emotional capacityD.ecological capacity15、 According to the 1963 conference on International Travel and Tourism, tourists were those who stayed for more than____ hours.A.12B.24C.36D.48二、Reading comprehension (2×10=20) Directions: Read the following passages and make your proper choices.1、(1)Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity such as walking, cycling, a game of some kind of football or mountaineering.Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women wiling to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risk on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and footballThere are, of course, rules of a different thing that it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big diffidence is that mountaineering is not a team game. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no matches between teams of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than men. He has to fight the fores of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of efforts, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.The word 查看答案【二、 Reading comprehension】1~5DBCAD6~10CACD 【三、 Cloze】1~5BADCB6~10CDABA11~15点击下载查看答案。

英语-旅游英语选读

旅游英语选读讲义旅游英语选读课程概述一、课程性质和学习目的“旅游英语选读”是高等教育自学考试英语专业中的一门选修课，是专门为提高自学应考者的语言水平和旅游知识水平而设置的。

随着旅游业的蓬勃发展，越来越多的人投身于这项事业。

旅游业，作为一个涉及面极广的产业，要求从业人员不但具有较高的外语水平，而且具备丰富的旅游专业知识。

为了帮助英语专业自学应考者更好地掌握英语知识和旅游专业知识，本书课文主要选自国外最新旅游教科书和国外报刊杂志，难度适中，力求在巩固已学过的英语知识的基础上，扩大旅游专业词汇，提高英文阅读与翻译能力。

自学应考者通过学习这些优秀的旅游英语文章，不仅能掌握旅游基本知识，而且对现代旅游、旅游业、旅游的作用于影响及世界旅游现状有所了解，为将来在旅游行业中从事业务工作、管理工作和开展科研工作打下良好的基础。

按照本大纲设定的考核知识点和考核要求认真学习，对自学应考者顺利通过本课程的考试会有极大的帮助。

二、有关能力层次要求的说明为了使个人自学、社会助学和考试命题有统一而明确的目标可循，本大纲更可能将考试内容落实到具体的考核点，对考核点的能力程度要求分为两个层次：记忆，了解。

记忆主要指的是：有关旅游的术语、主要概念和定义、重点词汇的运用等。

了解，主要指的是：课文的重要内容，要求考生在了解的基础上，掌握内容大意，并能用自己的语言表达出来。

三、关于自学教材《旅游英语选读》（全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会办公室组编）修月祯主编，高等教育出版社，1999四、关于自学方法(一)认真领会大纲。

鉴于自学者受学习条件的限制，通常缺乏教师当面、及时的辅导，在大纲中，明确规定了本课程的考试内容和考核目标，以及命题比例和试题题型。

因此，在学习课文前，首先阅读大纲，认真领会其内容，做到以大纲为指导自学的准则。

(二)采取灵活的学习方法。

《旅游英语选读》在编写过程中，遵循了旅游专业的一般性知识体系，因而具有较强的系统性和概括性。

浙江1月自考旅游英语选读试题及答案解析

浙江省2018年1月高等教育自学考试旅游英语选读试题课程代码：00837Ⅰ.Multiple Choice:(1×20=20)Directions: In this section, you are given 20 questions, beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question.1.Plaese identify one member which does not directly report to the general manager in the organizational chart of the hotel.A. Resident ManagerB. Food & Beverage ManagerC. Personnel DirectorD. Front Office Manager2.Which of the following city is NOT included in the “Six Great Ancient Capitals”in China?A. KaifengB. ChengduC. HangzhouD. Nanjing3.The development of hospitality sees four stages, which are ______ in succession.A. inn; grand hotel; commercial hotel; hotel chainB. grand hotel; inn; hotel chain; commercial hotelC. inn; grand hotel; hotel chain; commercial hotelD. grand hotel; inn; commercial hotel; hotel chain4.The ______ department has been called the lifeblood of the organization.A. personnelB. salesC. food & beverageD. rooms5.______ is the single most important factor in the success or failure of the hotel as a profit-making enterprise.A. Repeat business in the restaurants; banquet rooms and sleeping roomsB. Proper maintenance and provision of hotel servicesC. Emphasis on energy conservationD. Proper attention to the guests’ needs for food & beverage6.Which of the following is NOT the impact of tourism on values and norms?A. Changes in family structures and valuesB. Adoption of servile attitude towards touristsC. Increase in prostitutionD. Changes in eating habits7.In ______,the United States established the first of its national parks at Yellowstone.A. 1872B. 1883C. 1849D. 18698.Modern tourism in China began in the ______.1A. 1940sB. 1930sC. 1920sD. 1910s9.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The development of the domestic tourism industry creates employment opportunities.B. The tourism industry is highly centralizedC. China’s domestic tourism industry promotes the development of local cottage industries thatproduce handicrafts and tourist souvenirs.D. With 56 ethnic nationalities, China has a great diversity of cultural traditions.10.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?A. The United Nations General Assembly designated 1967 as the International Tourist Year.B. The socioculture impact of tourism on a host country is only restricted to lesser developedcountries.C. Comparatively wealthy tourists to a region has the effcet of attracting petty criminals.D. Tourism may lead to an increase in the breakdown of marriages and in divorce.11.______ is the global organization for virtually all the international air carriers.A. ICAOB. IATAC. OECDD. PATA12.Visitors who spend at least one night in accommodation in the destination country areinternational ______.A. visitorsB. touristsC. excursionistsD. travelers13.______ need is considered the goal of leisure.A. AestheticsB. Self-actualizationC. EsteemD. Physiological14.______ are privately charted aircraft accommodating between four and 18 people,and are usedparticularly by business travelers.A. Jet airlinesB. Air taxisC. TaxisD. Chartered airlines15.During the 1975s,the technological focus changed to the development of ______ aircraft.A. largerB. quieterC. jumboD. faster16.According to Maslow, esteem need excludes ______.A. maintain social contactsB. prestigeC. social recognitionD. ego-enhancementputer systems in travel agencies are designed to offer three distinct facilities which exclude______.A. Front office “client relation”systemsB. Back office systemsC. Engineering systemsD. Management systems18.Those who were born somewhere else desire to return to their hometown in order to satisfytheir______ need.2A. safetyB. physiologicalC. “to know and to understand”D. belonging19.The golden age of the Grand Tour was the ______ century, particularly ______ years before theoutbreak of the French Revolution.A. 18th,30B. 19th,30C. 18th,20D. 19th,2020.______,new production practices, new management techniques and changes in the industry’s frame conditions are the five main impulses driving the new tourism.A. New consumers, new economyB. New economy, new technologiesC. New consumers, new technologiesD. New economy, new enterprisesⅡ.Reading Comprehension:(2×10=20)Directions: Read the following two passages and then choose the best answer to each question.(1)In a bid to restore the pristine alpine beauty of the Hanas Nature Reserve in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, authorities recently decided to demolish a sprawling 30-milllion-yuan holiday resort in the area within the next five years.A new holiday resort will be constructed in Jiadengyu Forest Prak,30km from the scenic area.In Hanan Natrue Reserve, located in Burqin County in the Altai region, is a prime tourist attraction known for its splendid landscape. Since the local government decided to accelerate development of tourism in 1998,many developers rushed here to build villas, hotels and holiday resorts.Facilities in the area are currently able to accommodate 2,000 visitors a day.Recent statistics show that the nature reserve received 360,000 tourists last year, and generated 45 million yuan in earnings. During the first seven months of this year, the area received more than 300,000 tourists, up 25 percent over the same period last year. Earnings also increased by 64 percent over the same period last year.But excessive and disorderly development of the area, which largely resulted from a lack of unified planning and management, has caused many negative impacts. Construction and logging have damaged the grasslands and vegetation there. In addition,the improper treatment of sewage, garbage and exhaust gas has created a serious environmental problem. Even worse, some developers introduced Karaoke and Disco into the scenic area, causing unbearable noise pollution in the originally tranquil place.As the disorderly development drew increasing concern from society, the local government was forced to take swift action to save the nature reserve. Early last year, the local government invited a group of experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, at a cost 1.1 million yuan, to formulate an ecological rehabilitation plan for the area.As an important part of the plan, all the holiday resorts and hotels in the area will be bulldozed. In future, all tourists will have to enter the reserve in environment-friendly vehicles, on horseback or on foot. All structures not built with natural wood will be demolished, and tour boats will be banned from using liquid fuel.Some of the buildings near Hanas Lake have already been dismantled. Sewage treatment facilities are under construction in the new holiday resort in Jiadengyu Forest Park. A 58-km3highway, linking Burqin County and Jiadengyu, will be completed before the beginning of the busy tourism season next year.21.The beauty of the Hanas Nature Reserve is compared with the beauty of ______.A. the HimalayasB. the AlpsC. the Mount EverestD. the Fuji Mountain22.Who is to blame for the disorderly development of Hanas Nature Reserve?A. the local governmentB. some developersC. construction and logging companiesD. car users23.There are ______ pollution in the Hanas Nature Reserve originally?A. air and waterB. environment and waterC. air and noiseD. environment and noise24.In future, tourists will not be allowed to enter in reserve ______.A. on horsebackB. on footC. on motorcyclesD. in environment-friendly cars25.What is the best title for the passage?A. Hanas Nature Reserve: A Paradise on EarthB. Saving Hanas Nature ReserveC. Hanas Nature Reserve is Built to Attract More TouristsD. Development of Hanas Nautre Reserve(2)Restaurants generally fit into following categories and consumers:The gourmet restaurant caters to the needs of connoisseurs and sophisticated diners. The dishes and service are very quality so that these restaurants are the most expensive and luxurious of all food service establishments.The specialty restaurant usually offers a limited variety or style of food. It may be specialize in seafood or in a particular kind of national food. Also it may depend on the atmosphere, decor, or personality of the owner to attract customers.The convenience restaurant services customers who want to eat in hurry and are most interested in fast service, cleanliness, and low price. Fast food is an example which can be prepared, served, and eaten quickly ;probably the most typical and famous fast food restaurants, McDonald are locating many countries and places over the world.Another way to categorize restaurants is by the kind of service. They are table service, counter service, self-service and carry out. In table service restaurants, customers are seated at tables where they are served by a waiter or waitress. In counter restaurants, customers sit at a counter and are served either by the person who prepares the food or by a waiter or waitress. A self-service restaurants is frequently called a buffer or cafeteria; there cus-Italian. Most areas of the world rely heavily on regional cuisine that depends on local availability, seasonal prices, and traditional customers. The choice of cuisine is an important one for the customer, who often makes it unconsciously and sometimes makes it too consciously; it is a crucial choice for the restaurateur because it may mean the difference between success and failure in business. Before a new restaurant opens the manager or owner has decided on its basic character, including such features as its location, size, cuisine, staff, and equipment.426.The meaning of the word “decor”is most similar to that of .A. furnitureB. surroundingsC. decorationD. display27.If a VIP wants to show his status he can eat in a ______ restaurant.A. gourmetB. convenienceC. popularD. specialty28.McDonald is a kind of ______ restaurant.A. gourmetB. convenienceC. popularD. specialty29.If a person wants to serve himself and decide what he wants to eat, he can eat in the ______ restaurants.A. table serviceB. counter serviceC. self-serviceD. carry out30.If a person. driving a car doesn’t want to eat in the restaurants, he can buy food from a ______ restaurant.A. table serviceB. counter serviceC. self-serviceD. carry outⅢ.Fill in the blanks with the proper phrases given below. Make some changes if necessary: (1×10=10)conform to be of use adjust to dwell on concentrate onlimit to associate with protect…from dispose of similar to31.Many tourist problems facing this country are ______ that country’s.32.“Try to ______ your talk ______ ten minutes,”the chairman said.33.We should try our best to ______ natural resources ______ being polluted.34.The principal ______ traffic safety in his talk at the last meeting.35.Every citizen’s behavior should ______ the social code of conduct.36.The sanitary worker comes here to ______ the rubbish every day.37.He couldn’t ______ his study for quite a while after he heard the sad news.38.Nora said it was not so difficult as she had expected to ______ herself ______ the life in China.39.People all over the world ______ my hometown ______ Chairman Mao.40.I never expected the book I found from a second-hand bookstore would _____ to my graduation thesis.Ⅳ.Cloze test:(0.5×20=10)Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words or phrases.The success of China’s market- 41 reforms has drawn 42 worldwide, from politicians to 43 circles and the general 44 .Finally given an 45 ,the Chinese people are demonstrating the entrepreneurial 46 and ingenuity that have made expatriate 47 so economically successful the world 48 .There is little 49 that, barring any 50 upheavals, China will soon be 51 in the tourism business as any 52 in the tourism business as any in the ___53___ marketplace.China’s rapidly developing business 54 is already responsible for a major part of the 55 in tourism in recent years. Not only are 56 investments coming into the country,5but so are 57 numbers of entrepreneurs, who typically combine 58 with their business trip. This 59 of the visitor market will likely ___60___ in the coming years.Ⅴ.Phrase translation:(1×20=20)Part one: Translation the following phrases into English61.飞行常客奖励计划62.销售回报63.运载能力64.市场营销工具65.收入来源66.目标市场67.采购员68.收支相抵69.物理容量70.世界文化遗产Part Two: Translate the following phrases into Chinese:71.transit travelers72.Inclusive tour excursion73.homeostasis74.en route75.waybills76.cable cars77.ethnic diversity78.IMF79.burgeoning tourism industry80.non-commodity currencyⅥ.Translate the following passages into Chinese (10×2=20)(1) Modern tourism is a discipline that has only recently attracted the attention of scholars from many fields. The majority of studies have been conducted for special purposes and have used narrow operational definitions to suit particular needs of researchers or government officials; these studies have not encompassed a systems approach. Consequently, many definitions of “tourism”and”the tourist’ are based on distance traveled, the length of time spent, and the purpose of the trip. This makes it difficult to gather statistical information that scholars can use to develop a database, describe the tourism phenomenon, and do analyses.(2) As a site of historical interest, Taishan has been a preferred place of visit for centuries. Dating back to the Yin and Shang periods(1766-1122 BC),Chinese forefathers established five directions of north, south, east, west and center. The east, where the sun rises, presents life’s fertility with the end of winter and coming of spring. Taishan, located in a coastal province in eastern China, has been regarded as a propitious place. Ancient emperors prayed for the country’s prosperity and peach by offering sacrifices to Heaven and Earth on Taishan. According to historical records, prior to the Western Zhou Dynasty (1122-771BC),72 monarchs climbed the mountain to perform sacrifices. They were then followed by Qinshihuang, China’s first emperor, and then the6emperors of the Han, Tang, Song and Qing Dynasties.7。

旅游英语选读自考题-2_真题-无答案

旅游英语选读自考题-2(总分100,考试时间90分钟)Ⅰ.Multiple choiceDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that **pletes the sentence.1. ______ are very clear characteristics of package tours offered on a large scale.A. Standardization and flexibilityB. Standardization and rigidityC. Rigidity and individualityD. Rigidity and flexibility2. What are the two intellectual needs added to the original list of Maslow's Need Theory?A. Sun-lust and wanderlust.B. To know and understand, and aesthetics.C. Education and employment.D. Relaxation and enjoyment.3. The "Six Great Ancient Capitals" include all the following EXCEPT ______.A. ChengduB. HangzhouC. KaifengD. Beijing4. Increases in ______ and ______ are the main factors that give rise to tourism.A. travel marketing; travel agentsB. leisure time; warm weatherC. mode of travel; populationD. net discretionary incomes; improved educational standards5. ______ will be the primary tour product for the domestic tourist market in China.A. Sightseeing toursB. Long-stay travelC. Business tripD. Special interest and special events travel6. Since ______, computer technology has been more widely applied to tourism in China.A. the 1960'sB. the 1970'sC. the 1980'sD. the 1990's7. Internationally, China is situated in the rapidly growing ______.A. Indian/Pacific realmB. Asia/Pacific realmC. Europe/Pacific realmD. Afro/Pacific realm8. The Grand Canal, a man-made waterway first built in the 6th century B. C. between ______, is the longest of its kind throughout the world.A. Zhengzhou and HangzhouB. Tianjin and BeijingC. Tianjin and ShanghaiD. Tianjin and Hangzhou9. Short-duration cruises appear to be gaining in popularity as they ______.A. require less vacation timeB. are less expensiveC. are very safeD. both A and B10. Tourism, ______, has the potential to help bridge the psychological and cultural distances that separate people of diverse races, colors, religions and stages of social and economic development.A. properly designing and developingB. proper design and developC. proper designing and developingD. properly designed and developed11. During the Middle Ages, hospitality was considered a ______ duty.A. businessB. pleasureC. foodD. Christian12. Income is ______ where wage levels are high.A. very lowB. lowC. greatestD. small13. The ______ is called upon to ,make more decisions affecting not only present but future earnings than any other department head.A. director of salesB. personnel directorC. controllerD. resident manager14. Travelling by air has the following advantages EXCEPT ______.A. safetyB. comfortC. rapidityD. convenience15. Travelers usually ______ those whose travels require the use of overnight accommodation and those whose trips last less than one day.A. classify intoB. classifies intoC. are classifying intoD. are classified intoⅡ.**prehensionDirections: Read the following passages and make your proper choices.(1)Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically nonexistent. It is nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining seat on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his seat to her, as he ought. In fact, it is saddening to note that if a man does offer his seat to an older woman, it is nearly always a continental man or one from the older generation.This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued about by young men who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with courtesy, and that those who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone else. Women have never claimed to be physically as strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, that young men should stand up for younger women, the fact remains that courtesy should be shown to the old, the sick and the burdened. Are we really so lost to all ideals of unselfishness that we can sit there indifferently reading the paper or a book, saying to ourselves "**e, first served, " while a gray haired woman, a mother with a young child or a cripple stands? Yet this is all too often seen.Conditions in travel are really very hard on everyone, we know, but hardship is surely no excuse. Sometimes one wonders what would have been the behavior of these stout young men in packed refugee train or a train on its way to a prisoner camp during the war. Would they have considered it only right and their proper due to keep the best places for themselves then?Older people, tired and irritable from a day's work, are not angels at all. Many a brisk argument or an insulting quarrel breaks out as the weary queues push and shove each other to get on buses and tubes. One **mend this, of course, but one does feel there is just a little more excuse.If cities are to remain pleasant places to live in at all, however, it seems urgent, not only **munications in transport should be improved, but also **munication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite. Shop assistants won't bother to assist, taxi drivers shout at each other as they dash dangerously round corners, bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have had time to get on or off the bus, and so on and so forth. It seems to us that it is up to the young and strong to do their small part to stop such deterioration.16. According to the passage, we could expect good manners from ______.A. Englishmen in LondonB. a man from FranceC. men in big modern cities in EnglandD. men only in metropolitan cities17. What is the writer's opinion concerning courteous manners toward women?A. Women have claimed equality and no longer need to be treated differently from men.B. It is considered old fashioned for young men to give up their seats for young women.C. Lady First should be universally practiced.D. Special consideration should be shown to women.18. According to the writer, communication between human beings would be smoother if ______.A. people were more considerate to each otherB. life were easier and **fortableC. women were treated with more courtesyD. public transport could be improved19. The italicized word "deterioration" in the last paragraph probably means "______".A. worsening of the general situationB. lowering of the moral standardsC. declining of the courtesy to womenD. spreading of evil conduct20. It could be inferred that the best remedy for the hard travel conditions in city would be ______.A. to attach significance to the moral education of young peopleB. to treat people, be they young or old, with courtesy and sympathyC. to demand everyone do his part not to be impolite to each otherD. to improve the means of transportation and the public, morality(2)In recent years, we have seen great progress in house building. The type of houses found in a certain part of the world depends to a certain extent on the building materials available there. Countries where stone is abundant tend to have more stone houses than a place where there is plenty of timber for example. However, climatic conditions affect the houses built to a greater extent.In equatorial countries like Singapore and Malaysia, two main factors are responsible for the type of houses built: the heat of the sun and the fierceness of rainstorms. Our houses are light and airy but have steep roofs. In some places, houses are built on stilts because they may be in lowlying areas which get flooded easily.In a hot and dry country such as Arabia, the houses are often box-shaped. They have thick stone walls which are painted white. White surfaces radiate heat while dark surfaces absorb it. The houses have no windows, only gaps with shutters over them. Even the door openings are very small and narrow, it is cool inside such houses. The roofs are also flat, so that when the sun goes down, one can sit on the roof and catch any cool breeze that is blowing. Sometimes, a water tank may be placed on the roof to catch the little rain that falls.In cold regions, where there is heavy snow, the roofs of the houses slope steeply so that the snow can slide off easily. If the roofs were fiat, the snow would build up and the roofs might cave in under the weight. The houses also have thick stone walls so that the cold is kept out.Some countries are more likely to be affected by earthquakes. In such places, the houses aremade of light building materials. If the houses collapse in an earthquake, few people will get hurt and less damage is caused.In some parts of the world, people take their homes along with them as they travel. These people are called nomads. The Bedouins of Arab lands wander over the desert, setting up tents wherever they stop to rest.21. Houses in equatorial countries ______.A. are light and airyB. have steep roofsC. are always built on stiltsD. are built to shelter from the harsh elements22. Houses in Arabia ______.A. have thin walls painted whiteB. are box-shapedC. have many windowsD. always have water tanks on the roof23. In cold countries roofs slope steeply. ______.A. so that people can build caves under itB. so that the roofs won't become so heavyC. because people do not need snow to build the houseD. so that the snow can slide off easily24. In earthquake-affected countries, light building materials are used because ______.A. people there can move more easilyB. the houses won't hurt people in an earthquakeC. less damage will be caused in an earthquakeD. people will not be affected by the earthquake25. Nomads are people who ______.A. live in tentsB. travel over the desertC. wander from place to placeD. set up tents over the desertⅢ.ClozeDirections: Choose the one from the given A, B, C and D to complete the passage properly."The business of America is business. " This was once said (26) an American president. The business (27) of an American city is crowded (28) large office buildings which are filled (29) banks, corporation headquarters (30) government agencies. Every (31) morning, thousands of office workers (32) these buildings and (33) in the afternoon.The men and women (34) do the office work are called "white collar workers" . Secretaries, computer operators and administrators are all white collar workers. Many office workers work and hope that they will be (35) to more responsible positions. They want to supervise other workers and see that **pany policies are carried out. These policies are established by the top managers. Sometimes office workers (36) transferred to other places.Nowadays, education is emphasized (37) the selection of men and women (38) manage ment jobs. Courses in business administration are (39) by many universities. The graduates of these courses often are placed in middle management jobs. Fromthese, they can be promoted easily when they (40) the necessary personality and ability.26. A. in B. by C. for D. of27. A. hall B. room C. district D. space28. A. with B. about C. out D. into29. A. of B. with C. in D. on30. A. so B. if C. but D. and31. A. weekday B. week C. weekend D. day32. A. come B. go C. enter D. arrive33. A. left B. leaves C. leaving D. leave34. A. who B. whom C. they D. when35. A. promote B. promoted C. to be promoted D. promotion36. A. being B. are C. is D. been37. A. in B. about C. for D. of38. A. within B. on C. as D. for39. A. offering B. to offer C. offered D. offer40. A. show B. appear C. look D. findⅣ.Phrasal verbsDirections: Fill in the blanks with the proper phrasal verbs given below. Make some changes if necessary.in the way open up endow with take the place of adjust tocut down look to allow for point out run off41. Could you ______ twenty copies of the agenda?42. I' m afraid your car is ______.43. Many people are ______ the new government to reduce unemployment.44. He ______ very quickly ______ the heat of the country.45. To **e the difficulties, **pany tries to ______ expenses on advertising.46. It will take you half an hour to get to the station, ______ traffic delays.47. They decided to ______ the oilfield.48. China ______ a variety of tourism resources.49. Electric trains have ______ steam trains in England.50. He ______ the stupidity of my behavior.Ⅴ.Phrase translationPart OneDirections: Translate the following into Chinese.51. a lay-over52. business traveler53. ocean liner54. national income55. passenger volumes56. peak holiday periods57. air carriers58. travel for travel's sake59. long-haul domestic travel60. ethnic minority groupsPart TwoDirections: Translate the following into English.61. 购买力62. 销售回报63. 游客陷阱64. 加速器原理65. 视觉污染66. 终点站设67. 旅游淡季68. 区间往返航行69. 基础设施70. 廉价市场Ⅵ.Passage translationDirections: Translate the following passages into Chinese.71. The traveler, then, is better understood and better appealed to if he is recognized as a person consuming products and services. Seeing the traveler in this manner will result in a change of attitude on the part of the observer and enable the marketer to provide a better product or service to the traveler. A second more tangible benefit to be gained from this approach relates to the idea of prepotency. If one accepts Maslow's idea of prepotency--that lower-level needs should be satisfied to some extent before the satisfaction of higher-level needs becomes a concerns--we would expect that products and services, including vacations, which are targeted towards the satisfaction of lower-level needs, would be regarded as more of a necessity than a luxury and would, as such, be more resilient to external pressures of time and money.72. As China's economy shifts to a more market system, the domestic travel industry will face in creasing challenges in a more **petitive environment. This will require domestic travel services to constantly study their market conditions, design travel products according to the needs and wantsof tourists, and sell their travel products effectively to potential markets. A successful domestic tourism industry in China relies on two levels of coordination and operation. National and provincial governments need to monitor regional trends in domestic travel patterns and develop measures for guiding domestic travel growth. At the individual business level, domestic travel services need to implement systematic management practices and operations. China can only develop a successful domestic tourism industry if there is a well-coordinated effort between the government and the private travel industry.。

《旅游英语选读》自考真题试题及

《旅游英语选读》自考真题试题及《旅游英语选读》自考真题解析一、单选题（共47题，共0分）1.Which of the following statement is NOT true?A.Morris dancing in French rural communities owes much to tourism.B.Through travel,people are finding friends in every corner of the earth.C.Tourism contributes to both preservation and development of the world's culture heritage.D.The social significance of tourism is very true for the individual travelers.2.A well-known example of the large scale destruction of an ecosystem through vegetation removal to accommodate tourist facilities is the case of the _______.A.coastal regions of AustraliaB.European AlpsC.Acropolis in AthensD.Snowdonia in Wales3.Which of the folloing is NOT included in the fabled Five Mountains in China?A.HuashanB.LushanC.SongshanD.Taishan4.In 1985,_______ became the first international hotel company to opena hotel in China bearing its own name.A.SheratonB.Holiday InnC.Hilton InternationalD.IBIS(France)5.______ inns and taverns,in particular,gained a reputation for cleanliness and comfort and set the standard for accommodation in other parts of Europe.A.SwissB.GermanC.FrenchD.English6.______ are the primary destinations for the Chinese at present.A.Some European countries.B.Some North American countries.C.Some ASEAN countries.D.Some South American countries.7.Tourist expenditures have different effects on a destination economy:sales by food vendors to restaurants are _______ effect;whiletaxi fares and airline ticket sales are _______ effect.A.induced;directB.direct;indirectC.indirect;directD.induced;indirect8.In the U.K.,the Queen's Silver Jubilee is in _______.A.1977B.1967C.1987D.19579.As to the various pollutions,which of the following is NOT true?A.In the US,many dunes have been destroyed by the use of beach buggies.B.In the UK,many dunes have been seriously eroded by motor cycle rallying.C.In Spain,the removal of coral for commercial sale damages coastal regions.D. Footpaths in Snowdonia in Wales have been eroded by over-use.10.China is a mountainous country.Hills,mountains,and plateaus cover _______ of the total area.A. 1/3B.3/4C.2/3D.1/211.The Western Council for Travel Research in _______ employed the term visitor.A.1965B.1964C.1963D.196212.Which of the following country is not a member of OECD?A.FinlandB.LuxembourgC.VietnamD.Italy.13.Which of the following is not mentioned as WTO's objective?A. To facilitate,in travel,people's access to education and culture.B.To act as an international agency of coordination and cooperation to spread tourism.C. To avoid discrimination between contracting countries.D.To improve the conditions of country dwellers and so to contribute to an expanding world economy.14.In Europe _______ are the two leading contenders for a global reservations system.A.SABRE and GALILEOB.GALILEO and APOLLOC.GALILEO and AMADEUSD.APOLLO and AMADEUS15.______ is recognized as the national flag-carrier.A.The private airlineB.The public airlineC.The chartered airlineD.jet airline16.In 1995,an average of _______ of domestic travelers went on sightseeing in China.A.52.4%B.54.2%C.56.4%D.54.6%17.Which of the following is not an international visitor?A.A crew member of a foreign vessel or aircraft stopped in the country on a lay-over.B.An employee of international bodies on a mission lasting less than one year,or a national returning home for a temporary.C.One who visits in the capacity of a diplomat or a member of the armed forces.D.A foreign commercial or business traveler.18.According to Maslow,self-actualization need excludes _______A.personal developmentB.self-discoveryC.satisfaction of inner desiresD.exploration and evaluation19.The first task of a brochure is to _______.A.save spaceB.save costC.attract attentionD.be beautiful20.The Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits euthanasia, ________ it is not technically legal there.A. ifB.otherwiseC.althoughD.unless21.The volleyball match was televised ________ on CCTV.A.aliveB.lifeC.liveD.lively22.______ a little earlier, I would have caught the train.A.Did I leaveB.Would I leaveC.Had I leftD.Have I left23.He found _______ difficult to study maths.A.itB.thatC.asD.too24.This is ________ good reading habits are not only an important study skill for the student, but also an important life skill for anyone.A.thatB.whyC.whereD.when25.He shook hands with the visitors ________ as to convey his apology.A.by such a wayB.for the wayC.in such a wayD.on the way26.Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managedto make himself ________.A.understandB.understoodC.understandingD.to understand27._______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.LosingB.Having lostC.LostD.To lose28.Why couldn ’t you ________ an answer when I asked you why you were late?e upone up toe up withe out with29.As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ________ rather than punishment.A. criticismB.intimidationC.persuasionD.scolding30.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ________ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having addedB.to addC.addingD.added31.Neither English nor Chinese ________ difficult to learn.A. hasB.haveC.isD.are32.She was ________ be unable to speakA.such angry as toB.so angry as toC.as angry as toD.angry so as to33.You’ll be there tomorrow --you won’t ________ me ________, will you ?A. let.., ofB.let.., outC.let.., downD. let.., off34.Motivation and personality may ________ the varying d egrees of success in one ’s career.A.account forB.apply forC.risk forD.supply for35.Scientists doubt wheth er it ’s ________ to regulate one ’s biological clock by drinking.A.feasibleB.incredibleC.fashionableD.valuable36.The girl was lucky enough to _______ the bad men and ran away.A. break awayB.break away fromC.break outD.break into37.________ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A. AsB.WhenC.WhileD.Since38.Please write a report ________ the above subjects are to be covered.A.whichB.in whichC.thatD.in that39.______ the new plan can be carried out will be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whether40._______ he goes, she will go, and she never cares _______ happens.A.Wherever, whatB.Wherever, thatC.Where, thatD.Where, what41.The policeman came up to the lonely house with the door _______, _______ there for a while and then entered it.A.open; to standB.opening; stoodC.open; stoodD.opened; standing42.The missing boys were last seen ________ near the river.A. playingB.playedC.playD.to play43.The government called out policemen to suppress the riot.A.政府派警察镇压动乱。

2020年10月全国旅游英语选读自考试题及答案解析

全国2019年10月高等教育自学考试旅游英语选读试题课程代码：00837I. Multiple Choice(0.520=10)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices markedA. B. C. and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1. More supporting policies favorable to tourism should be _________.A. decidedB. determinedC. formedD. formulatedInternal tourism refers to _________.2. According to WTO’s definition of tourism,A. visits to country by nonresidentsB. visits by residents of a country to another countryC. visits by residents of a country to their own countryD. internal tourism plus outbound tourismcultural exchange.3 Only in the case of “_________” might there be anyA. special interest toursB. special education toursC. special explore toursD. special package tours4. The Pacific Asia Travel Association holds a conference in a member country _________A. every other yearB. each yearC. every four yearsD. every three years__ its 5000-year-old 5. China’s attractiveness as a favored international tourism destination is __cultural civilization.A. attract toB. attitude toC. attributive toD. attributed to6. Scheduled services provided by airlines ________.A. operate on the basis of their published timetablesB. operate on defined routes but not on published timetableC. offer the advantages of convenience and flexibilityD. can be tailor-made for passengers7. Ocean liners used to provide an important link for passengers between _________.A. statesB. countriesC. provincesD. continents8. _________ should be given the least brochures to reduce wastage.A. Top producing agentsB. Fair agentsC. Below average agentsD. Poor agents9. Since no hotel can exist without the patronage of its guests, it follows that the only reason forthe existence of a staff is to provide for their _________.A. comfort and convenienceB. comfort and inconvenience1C. comfortable and convenientD. discomfort and convenient10. China International Travel Service _________.A. will use computer management soonB. was the first to use computer management in China’s tourism industryC. need not use computer management because they have very good staffD. is preparing to use computer management11. Sightseeing tours to meet these varied interests should provide with both an _________learning experience.A. physical and spiritualB. physical and culturalC. educational and spiritualD. educational and cultural12. In the new tourism the tourists become “more green” means the tourists _________.A. are less experiencedB. are more experiencedC. haven’t travel much beforeD. pay more attention to the environment13. Therefore investment in tourism remains as risky as _________ in any other industry.A. it doesB. it doingC. doesD. doing14. A third capacity is _________ in nature, the ability of a region to absorb tourists withoutdestroying the balance of nature.A. physicalB. chemicalC. psychologicalD. ecological15. The roots of modern tourism were perceived in _________.A. the 17th centuryB. the 18th centuryC. the 19th centuryD. the 20th century16. Certain sites, regions or nations will be _________ for development than others.A. more favourB. more favouriteC. more favourableD. more favoured17. The creation of income from tourism _________ employment.A. bind up withB. bound up withC. is binding up withD. is bound up with18. Which of the following groups is likely to take a holiday?A. Those who have been promoted or whose wives begin to work.B. Young couples with small children.C. The elderly.D. Young people who just start their careers19. By the 1950s, Hilton and Sheraton had been joined by _________ of others.A. tensB. hundredsC. scoresD. couples20. The WTO defines a domestic excursionist as a visitor traveling in his country of residencefor less than _________ .A. 36 hoursB. 48 hoursC. 32 hoursD. 24 hours2II. Reading comprehension(215=30)(1)The climate of the west coast is the most moderate in Canada. Summers are cool and fairlydry and winters are mild, cloudy and wet. Even in mid-winter, average temperatures are usuallyabove freezing.The central plain from the Rocky Mountains to the Great Lakes is characterized by coldwinters, short but hot summers, and light precipitation.The large water-surfaces of Central and Eastern Canada produce considerable modificationin the climate. Southern Ontario and Quebec experience cold, damp winters and hot, humid summers.Most of Atlantic Canada has a humid climate owing to its maritime character. Nevertheless,it experiences weather-systems arriving from the dry continental interior as well as from the sea.The combined influence of these systems creates some of the most variable day-to-day weather conditions to be encountered anywhere in Canada.The north-central part of Canada is usually snow-covered for more than half the year, witha frostfree period of barely two months. Precipitation is relatively light. Further north, on theislands along the Arctic coast and round Hudson Bay, tundra conditions obtain. Average temperatures stay above freezing for only a few weeks of the year. The Arctic Islands and thenorthern fringe of the mainland do not have a summer season of the kind known is Southern Canada.21. According to the passage, in which part of Canada is the climate most changeable?A. The west coast.B. The Arctic coastC. The east coast.D. The central plain22. What character does the north-central part have?A. The-month frost.B. Modification.C. HumidityD. No summer.23. Both summers and winters are wet inA. the central part of Canada.B. Hudson Bay.C. southern Ontario and Quebec.D. the Pacific coast.24. The passage tells us that the climate of Canada is characterized byA. cold and dry.B. humidity and heat.C. light precipitation.D. variation.25. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The temperatures in the west side of the Rocky Mountains are usually above zero.bec.B. It’s hot and dry in the summer of Southern Ontario and QueC. There is no summer in the northern islands along the Arctic coast.D. The north-central part is covered with snow for more than six months.(2)Island’s people will be enjoying high-rise living in model towns with all sorts of facilities provided. This is the progressive achievement of the Singapore Housing and Development-housed people. The Board’s success is a Board. Singaporeans today are among the world’s best3model for planners in other developing nations.Roads, usually double-carriage expressways, keep pace with the expanding developmentsin outlying districts to bring the worker close to his job. Trees, bushes and flowering plants frompublic nurseries line the roads as they are built and also landscape the housing estates and parkgrounds. It is truly amazing to find so much tropical greenery in so modern a city.Land in Singapore, as in Hong Kong, is limited: In order to fulfil its development plans forits people, the Government reclaims land from the sea. New projects for housing, port, transportation, business and recreational purposes are being created.In the heart of the City itself the Government’s urban renewal policy goes on every day. Slums are cleared and redeveloped into a series of busy sub-cities. In place of narrow streets andold, crumbling ugly buildings one sees broad thoroughfares modern shopping and entertainmentcomplexes, hotels, office blocks and residential towers rising 40 and 50 storeys into the sky.and probably the It is a question of time before Sigapore becomes a total “island city”　finest in Southeast Asia.The face of Singapore is changing every day. New flats are shooting up all over the island.They come in all sizes and rental and sales prices to suit the families of workers, middle-incomeemployees as well as top executives, and businessmen. They are well designed for living,population weresolidly constructed, and carefully maintained. By 1975, half the Republic’sliving in sparkling modern accommodation.ts are built for ______.26. The Singapore Housing and Development Board’s flaA. labourers onlyB. Government workers onlyC. middle-income workers onlyD. all classes of workers27. Housing estates and park grounds give a green look because _______.A. the buildings are painted greenB. the buildings are new and modernC. they are in the middle of forestsD. trees, bushes and flowering plants are grown as part of the landscape28. As land is limited, new projects for development are created ______.A. in the seaB. on land reclaimed from the seaC. over the seaD. under the sea29. In the heart of the city itself ________.A. many slums are createdB. many old buildings are preservedC. many slums are cleared for roadsD. many slums are cleared for redevelopment30. The main features of the new sub-cities are _________.A. broad thoroughfares and tall modern buildingsB. broad thoroughfares and ugly buildings.C. narrow streets and modern buildingsD. narrow streets and old, crumbling buildings.(3)Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most devastating forces known to man:since records began to be written down, it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities4have numbered in the millions, and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation. The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides, floods, fire, disease, tsunamis (gigantic sea waves), and other phenomena resulting from earthquakes, rather than from the quakes themselves.The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas. One such area encompasses the Pacific Ocean and its contiguous land masses. The other extends from the East Indies to the Atlas Mountains, including the Himalayas, Iran Turkey, and the Alpine regions. Itis in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place: they may, however, happen anywhere at any time.This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications the earthquake prediction may be possible. By analyzing changes in animal behavior, patterns of movements inmagnetic field, and the the earth’scrust, variations in the force of gravity and the earth’sfrequency with which minor earth tremors are observed, scientists have shown increasing success in anticipating when and where earthquakes will strike. As a result, a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen) the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected.It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and eliminate their destructiveness altogether, but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man will become more and more able to deal with their potential devastation before it occurs.31. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Earthquakes are highly feared, but actually relatively harmless.B. There is absolutely no way to predict when or where earthquakes might occur.C. Man is now able to predict when earthquakes will happen, but not where.D. Man is now able to predict where earthquakes will happen, but not when.32. The phrase “this element of the unknown” (Paragraph 3) refers to ______.A. the two great earthquake zonesB. the fact that earthquakes can happen at any time or placeC. the percentage of earthquakesD. the exact cause of earthquakes33.Which of the following have been used to anticipate earthquake activity?A. Changes in animal behavior.B. Differences in the earth’s magnetic field and force of gravity.C. How often minor earth tremors have been observed.D. All of the above.34. The author wrote this passage ________.A. to amuse and entertainB. to question and criticizeC. to explain and informD. to correct a misconception35.What is the author’s attitude toward the possibility of earthquake prediction?5A. It will never be possible to predict earthquakes.B. Earthquakes can already be predicted with great accuracy.C. There is really no need to try to predict earthquake occurrences.D. Earthquake prediction is becoming more and more possible.III. Fill in the blanks with the proper phrases given below. Make some changes if necessary.(110=10)access to single out begin with give way to rest oncater for take up view as give rise to dispose of36. The growth of cottage industries _________ tourist demand has done much to benefit theeconomies of depressed regions.37. Students need easy _________ academic magazines.38. Tourism _________ a wealth factor in the economy of a host community.39. The manager _________ his presentation _________ a slice show.40. He has _________ photography as a hobby.41. The entire tourism industry _________ a base of natural resources.42. He has _________ all the difficulties.43.These bad conditions have _________ a lot of crime.44. Government policies to attract larger numbers of tourists _________ policies designed toattract particular tourist markets.45.Raiway development _________ by the government as the principal means of improvingChina’s transportation network.IV. Cloze test (0.520=10)Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words or phrases.Transportation may prove to be a sticky question for most cities in the world. Publictransport system in China mainly 46______ of trains, the underground, coaches and buses.47______ its modern means of transportation, China has a vast network of airports and airlineswithin easy 48______ of almost every big city. With civil airports and scheduled airlines, travelboth within and 49______ China can be an exhilarating 50______.Nothing can 51______ airplanes for speed and comfort. They get you to your 52______quickly and smoothly.Trains are usually comfortable, frequent and fast, 53______ some of them are verycrowded. They are usually quicker than coaches, especially 54______ direct routes. For longdistance journeys 55______ major citi es, the best way is to take an 56______ train. It’s more expensive than coaches, but 57______ than planes.Buses are generally extremely noisy, dirty, unsafe and sometimes misery-making especially58______ morning and evening 59 ______ hours. With the development of minibuses.60______ you can get on at a request stop, it has 61______ much convenience to passengers.Nowadays taxis are 62______ to get in major cities. You can find taxis at airports, railwaystations and in the 63______ of towns. You can also telephone 64______ a taxi or stop one in6the street. Taxis are much more 65______ than buses though they are more convenient and faster.V. Phrase translation(120=20)Part One: Translate the following phrases into English.66. 规模经济67. 旅游宣传册68. 信息设施69. 环境污染70. 会议饭店71. 旅游动机72. 餐饮部73. 外汇收入74. 人文旅游资源75. 旅游纪念品Part Two: Translate the following phrases into Chinese.76. destination country77. room service78. multiethnic culture79. insurance coverage80. waybills81. travel mode82. inter-office computer linkups83. database84. withdraw currency from circulation85. sharing different value systemsVI. Translate the following passages into Chinese.(102=20)86. Tourists taking holidays for educational purposes, whether to learn something or to attainnew knowledge, will choose destinations appropriate for this purpose. Again the type and standard of accommodation are of secondary importance. For example, people wishing to study art, music or another skill are now accepting accommodation in universities and colleges thatrun such courses during the vacations. There may be a certain cachet(威望) attached to this and frequently the customers are those with limited means. They find the low costs linked with the learning aspect as representing very good value. These holidays provide a rest of a different sort,daily lives. The support services can also be rudimentary.a change of interest from people’sHowever, those who take these holidays are prepared to make their own spare time activities such as walks in the surrounding countryside, community singing at night, concerts and so on. 87. You may meet Americans who know very little about your country. If so, be patient with them. Unfortunately, little is taught about the cultures or customs of other countries in American schools. The United States has always been separated from other countries by the vast oceans to the East and West of the country. As a result, Americans have not become so familiar with7different cultures and other ways of doing things as is often the case in other countries. If Americans try to help you with something that is very familiar to you, if they mistake your country for another thousands of kilometers away, be patient with them. The United States has developed into a modern nation in a very short time compared with many other countries—only about 300 years.8。

旅游英语教程修月祯第02章

9packageholiday由旅行社一揽子收费代办全部事宜的观光旅游10seatonlysales指票价只包括座位的费用不包括飞机餐饮料等有时也指不包括机场接送大巴的费用等
Unit 2 Transportation
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Part I Listening and Speaking

Passage 1
New Words & Expressions announce v. announcement n. departure n. depart v. flight n. proceed v. board v. approach v. fasten v. seatbelt n. extinguish v. refrain v. 预告；宣布通知起程，离开起程，离开班机；航班继续进行登机接近栓紧安全带熄灭抑制；戒除
New Words & Expressions non-stop adj. & adv. 直达 delay v. 耽搁，延迟 security n. 治安防卫；安全 keep clear of 不靠近，躲开

Passage 2
New Words & Expressions
Tibet n. reap v. revenue n. unblock v. bottleneck n. hinder v. prior to adv. Gross Domestic Product The Qinghai-Tibet Railway 西藏收获，获得 (国家的)收入除去障碍瓶颈阻碍，打扰在前，居先国内生产总值(简称GDP) 青藏铁路
New Words & Expressions pleasurable adj. charter v. infrastructure n. terminal n. catering n. retail n. & v. statistical adj. license n. regardless of load n. premium n. evolve v. & v. proportion incorporate v. inclusive adj. minimum n. break-even adj. 快乐的，愉快的租，包(船、车等) 基础设施终端，枢纽餐饮零售统计的许可，执照不顾，不管负荷；装载额外费用发展，进展比例；部分合并；混合包含的，包括的最小值；最小化收支平衡的

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Business travel include not only overseas and home journeys by nationals of a country but also visits by foreign nationals. 商务旅行不仅包括国人的海外及国内旅行也包括外国人的旅行。 Business travel tends to be price inelastic and nonseasonal. 商务旅游趋于无价格弹性和无季节性特点。

Lesson Six

Type of tourists and Their Needs 旅游者的类型和需求
分类
休息和消遣性文化旅游型猎奇旅游旅游是一种行为标准其他类型消遣旅游者商务旅游型
I. 休闲消遣型旅游
为休息和消遣进行旅游的旅游者要求消费得起的高下优质膳食。对旅游景点和目的地的选择取决于他们的消遣方式。想饱览乡村风光的旅行者会选择随车观光旅游，每晚在不同地方留宿，旅行线路和行程比宾馆大小和质motivation of tourism（旅游动机） the key to understanding tourist motivation is to see vacation travel as a satisfier of needs and wants. 了解旅游动机的关键是把旅游看做对人们愿望的满足。 They take vacation in the hope and belief that these vacations will satisfy, either wholly or partially, various needs and wants. 人们之所以旅游是希望旅行活动能全部或部分满足人们的愿望。
几个重要的句子
Travelling for reasons of health can be interpreted as a way of attempting to satisfy one’s safety needs(p69).为健康原因而进行的旅游可被看成满足人的安全需要的一种方式。 The organized tour is often mentioned as a method of encouraging and satisfying this need for companionship and social interaction.(p70) 组团旅游常被看成是为鼓励和满足伙伴、社会关系需要而采取的形式。 ”VFR“=visit friends and relatives探亲访友式（归属和爱的动机表现） part of this is the “ethnic or roots market”(种族或祖先式) If lodging or meals are taken in hotels instead of with family, it tends to have a greater impact on the economy.(P71) 如旅游者吃住在旅馆而不在家里，那对经济有着重大影响。

II.文化型旅游

对文化感兴趣的人，地理位置及是否有文化活动将决定他们对目的地的选择。膳宿条件退居其次，文化活动举办地的远近是首选。
III. 求学旅游

无论是为了去了解某些东西还是去学习知识，都会选择与目的相符的旅游地，膳食条件是次要的
IV. 猎奇旅游

如去遥远什么的地方（东南亚、非洲、南美），他们希望得到高质量的服务，也能付得起。如去冒险，他们会接受现有条件，希望与旅游目的一致。他们陶醉于壮丽美景，欣赏珍稀动植物
•增加新型旅游者—“国际短程旅游者”（international excursionist）：为消遣到另一国做短暂游览而逗留时间不超过24小时的游客。 •给过境游客（transit traveler）下定义：途径一国而未作停留，或途经该国不超过24小时只做短暂非旅游性停留的人。
1963年联合国召开国际旅行和旅游会议：

The need for esteem breaks down into two components: self-esteem and esteem from others (自尊和被尊重) self-actualization can be considered the end or goal of leisure. 自我实现被认为是闲暇的目的 The need to know and understand can be viewed the desire for knowledge. 认知了解是对知识的渴求 The need for aesthetics is seen in those who travel for environmental reasons 欣赏环境而旅游的人是对美的追求
2) Maslow’s hierachy of needs model （马斯洛的需要层次模型）：
a. b. c. d. e. f. g.
Physiological---hunger, thirst, rest, activity(生理需要) Safety---security, freedom from fear and anxiety Belonging and love---affection, giving and receiving love Esteem-- self esteem and esteem from others 心理需要 Self-actualization---personal self-fulfillment To know and understand—acquiring knowledge Aesthetics---appreciation of beauty（知识需要）
Chapter Two
The Tourist
Lesson 4
Defining a Person 旅游者的定义
课文结构
I. International Travel
II. Domestic Travel
a. WTO 的定义 b. United States 的定义 c. Canada 的定义 d. UK 的定义
确定了Tourists（旅游者）和visitors（游览者）的区别
Tourists: stay for more than 24 hours (过夜) Visitors: stay for less than 24 hours（不过夜）
国际旅游组织推荐的术语和相关定义（P51）：注意以下几个概念： International visitors(国际游客）包括以下两个： •International tourists 国际旅游者 spend at least one night in the destination country 至少一晚 •International excursionists 国际短程游览者 do not spend at least at night 在目的国不超过一晚注意：do not include in-transit passengers 不包括途中旅游者（在某国降落但未入关飞机乘客）
主观条件
1. objective conditions of tourism（客观条件）
a. positive effects on demands（积极影响）: discretionary incomes/ increased educational standards/ increased leisure time/ improved transport （P63） b. negative effects on demands（消极影响）: life cycle of the family（P62）
II.国内旅游

1981年WTO提出国内旅游定义的准则供各国参考（P52）
不同旅游组织给国内旅游者的定义

WTO：国内旅游者：at least 24hs小于一年国内短途旅游者：less than 24hs 美国：1.美国旅游资源评审委员会：单程至少80km

2.美国旅游统计中心：单程至少160km 3.有些州：单程至少80km 4.弗罗里达州：非本州居民至少逗留一夜以上加拿大：最小距离80km 安大略省：单程40km以上哥伦比亚省：外出住宿至少一晚，无具体距离
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I. 国际旅游
• 1937年国际联盟统计专家委员会首次解释：国际旅游者是离开自己的居住过，到另外一个国家超过 24小时的人。 • 不包括：到某国就业任职或定居的人到国外学习的学生越过边境工作的边境居民临时过境的旅游者
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1950年国际官方旅游组织（IUOTO）给出的定义：
•修学旅游的学生归为旅游者
客观条件

Increased leisure time, especially with improved incomes in the developed countries, has led to growing demand for tourism both at home and abroad.（P63） The development of the car, associated road networks, the railways, efficient aircraft offering greater comfort and safety. Bus and coach tours and railway excursions have great impact on those with limited incomes. Long distance, international air travel improvements, especially cheaper fares have increased demand from the higher income groups but also extended possibilities for such holidays to the middle income and less well-off persons.

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