英美文学导读(DOC)

Poetry

Sonnet 18

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;

Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.

So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,

So long lives this , and this gives life to thee.

选自（Sonnet 18）作者William Shakespeare威廉·莎士比亚

eternal lines：the eternal beauty brought forth by poetry to the one he loves

这首诗表达了：1.praise the power of artistic creation

2a profound.meditation on destructive power of time and the eternal beauty of poem.

From Paradise Lost

All is not lost; the unconquerable will,

And study of revenge, immortal hate,

And courage never to submit or yield:

And what is else not to be overcome?

……..

To wage by force or guile eternal war

Irreconcilable, to our grand foe

选自（Paradise Lost《失乐园》1667）作者John Milton约翰·弥尔顿

代表作还有（Paradise Regained《复乐园》1671和Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》1671）

失乐园取材于《旧约·圣经》(the old testament)

All is not lost: unconquerable will, revenge, immortal hate, courage never to submit or yield.

eternal war: pull down the god from his throne

grand foe: god

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

--------William Wordsworth(威廉·华兹华斯)

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,

When all at once I saw a crowd,

A host, of golden daffodils;

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

continuous as the stars that shine

and twinkle on the milky way,

they stretched in never-ending line

along the margin of a bay.

Ten thousand saw I at a glance,

tossing their heads in springhtly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

out-did the sparkling waves in glee:

a poet could not but be gay,

in such a jocund company:

I gazed---and gazed---but little thought

what wealth the show to me had brought:

For oft, when on my couch I lie

in vacant or in pensive mood,

they flash upon that inward eye

which is the bliss of solitude;

and then my heart with pleasure fills,

and dances with the daffodils.

该诗体现了是个应描写“平静中回忆起来的感情”（Emotion recollected in tranquility）这一诗学理论。

William Wordsworth(威廉·华兹华斯)：1978年他同柯勒律治合作出版了有名的《抒情歌谣集》（Lyrical Ballads），该诗第二版的序被认为是英国浪漫主义（1798---1832）的宣言。1843年被封为“桂冠诗人”。

浪漫主义时期：歌颂爱情和自然，对现实消极的态度

Ode to the West Wind

O wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn's being

Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead

Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,

Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,

Pestilence-stricken multitudes:O thou

Who chariltest to their dark wintry bed

The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,

……….

Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;

Destroyer and preserver;hear, oh, hear!