二级笔译实务模拟试题

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全国翻译专业资格(水平)英语二级笔译实务模拟试卷一

全国翻译专业资格（水平）英语二级笔译实务模拟试卷一[问答题]1.Passage 1What exactly does gl（江南博哥）obalization mean? Concepts related to globalization include “internationalization”, “multidomestic marketing”, and “multinational or divansnational marketing”, suggesting that the basic criterion is divansactions across national boundaries.In the marketing and sdivategic management literature, globalization is conceptualized as a means to gain competitive advantage by locating different stages of production in different geographic regions according to the particular region’s comparative advantage.This conceptualization focuses only on the economic aspects of globalization; social, cultural and political factors are only considered in the context of achieving economic advantage.Thus, being “culturally sensitive” in global markets is being able to sell one’s product with enough ingenuity to avoid possible pitfalls arising from the seller’s ignorance of local customs.International marketing textbooks discuss such cultural pitfalls in great detail; however, the cultural contest of globalization is always framed by the economy.Broader conceptualization of globalization can be found in other disciplines such as sociology and anthropology.Waters defined globalization as “a social process in which the consdivaints of geography on social and cultural arrangements recede and in which people become increasingly aware that they are receding.” This conceptualization with its much broader scope, allows for the examination of a number of consequences of globalization, not jut economic but social, cultural and political ones.While there are a few different conceptualizations of globalization, researchers seem to be in agreement that there are at least three dimensions of globalization: economic, political and cultural.The economic aspects of globalization stem from the spread of the capitalist world economy and the resulting expansion of goods and services.The need for cheap raw materials, cheap labor and new markets saw the expansion of the capitalist world economy from one that was primarily Eurocendivic to one that encompassed the entire world.This process was achieved by various means and often involved overcoming political resistances in the new markets.The political aspects of globalization involved establishing condivol over marketsand raw materials through either the use of direct military power or the establishment of international institutions that condivol such markets.The rise of the nation-state is an example of the political aspect of globalization, although it is argued that advances in telecommunications and information systems and the resulting consdivuctions of institutions that divansience territorial boundaries are making the nation-state obsolete.If the economic and political aspects of globalization involve material and power exchanges, the cultural of globalization involves the expression of symbols that represents facts, meanings, beliefs, preferences, tastes and values.In fact, these symbolic exchanges are increasingly displacing economic and political exchanges in the spread of global mass culture.Traditional barriers of language pose no problems to modem means of cultural production such as satellite television and film.However, the new “global culture”, despite its manifestations through consumption of global products and symbols in different part of the globe, is essentially the culture of dominant groups centered in the West.参考答案：参考译文全球化到底意味着什么?与全球化有关的概念包括“国际化”、“国内多国市场”以及“多国或跨国市场”意味着全球化的基本标准是跨国际的交易。

翻译资格考试英语 CATTI 二级笔译实务全真模拟题(一)(附参考译文)

CATTI 二级笔译实务全真模拟题（一）（附参考译文）Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points) Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage 1Although we now tend to refer to the various crafts according to the materials used to construct them-clay, glass, wood, fiber, and metal-it was once common to think of crafts in terms of function, which led to their being known as the “applied arts”. Approaching crafts from the point of view of function, we can divide them into simple categories: containers, shelters and supports. There is no way around the fact that containers, shelters, and supports must be functional. The applied arts are thus bound by the laws of physics, which pertain to both the materials used in their making and the substances and things to be contained, supported, and sheltered, These laws are universal in their application, regardless of cultural beliefs, geography or climate. If a pot has no bottom or has large openings in its sides, it could hardly be considered a container in any traditional sense. Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits, Buildings without roofs, for example, are unusual because they depart from the norm.Sensitivity to physical laws is thus an important consideration for the maker of applied-art objects. It is often taken for granted that this is also true for the maker of fine-art objects. This assumption misses a significant difference between the two disciplines. Fine-art objects are not constrained by the laws of physics in the same way that applied-art objects are. Because the primary purpose is not functional, they are only limited in terms of the materials used to make them. Sculptures must, for example, be stable, which requires an understanding of the properties of mass, weight distribution, and stress, Paintings must have rigid stretchers so that the canvas will be taut, and the paint must not deteriorate, crack, or discolor. These are problems that must be overcome by the artist because they tend to intrude upon his or herconception of the work. For example, in the early Italian Renaissance, bronze statues of horses with a raised foreleg usually had a cannonball under that hoof, This was done because the cannonball was needed to support the weight of the leg. In other words, the demands of the laws of physics, not the sculptor's aesthetic intentions, placed the ball there, That this device was a necessary structural compromise is clear from the fact that the cannonball quickly disappeared when sculptors leaned how to strengthen the internal structure of a statue with iron braces (iron being much stronger than bronze).【参考译文】英译汉:第一篇如今，人们往往根据工艺品的材质来称呼它们，比如陶土工艺品、玻璃工艺品、木制工艺品、纤维工艺品、金属工艺品等，但最初人们通常根据它们的功能将它们统称为“应用艺术”。

二笔模拟(一)实务参考

英语二级笔译实务模拟试卷参考答案Section 1：英译汉（50 分）Passage 1我以杜鹃为例说明普通人的无知，并不是因为我对这种鸟儿能发表什么权威见解。

这样做的原因，只是那年春天我曾在某个教区居住，当时全非洲的杜鹃似乎都蜂拥而至，我由此发现自己以及我碰见的所有人对这种鸟儿都知之甚少。

但是，你我的无知并不仅限于杜鹃这一方面，而是涉及宇宙万物，从太阳、月亮一直到各种花卉的名称。

有一天，我听见一位聪明伶俐的太太提出了这样一个问题：新月是不是总在一周中的同一天露面？她接着又说：不知道倒好，正因为人不知道在什么时候、在天空的哪一处能看见它，新月出现才能给人带来惊喜。

然而我想，哪怕有人对月亮的盈亏时间了然于心，他看见新月出现时还是会又惊又喜，春回大地，花开花落，莫不如是。

即使我们对一年四季草木节令了如指掌，知道报春花开花在三月或四月而不在十月，但我们看见一株早开花的报春花，还是照样地高兴。

另外，我们知道苹果树先开花，后结果，可是五月一旦到来，果园里一片欢闹的花海，我们不是仍然惊为奇观吗？此外，倘在每年春天，把许多花卉之名重温一遍，也别有一番乐趣，就像把一本差不多忘得干干净净的书再重新读一遍。

蒙田说过，他记性很差，所以他随时都能拿起一本旧书，像从未读过的新书一样地看。

我自己的记忆力也漏洞百出、不听使唤。

我甚至能拿起《哈姆雷特》和《匹克威克外传》，当作是初登文坛的新作家刚刚印出来的作品来读，因为自从上回读过以后，这两部书在我脑子里的印象已经模模糊糊了。

这样的记忆力在某些时候自然叫人伤脑筋，而且假如人一心追求准确，就更是如此。

不过，在这种时候，人生的目的就必然不止是娱乐，还会有其他更高的目标了。

如果只讲享受的话，记性坏比记性好究竟差到哪里去，还真是不太好说呢。

记性坏的人可以一辈子不断地读普卢塔克的《希腊罗马名人传》和《天方夜谭》，而永远感到新鲜。

人的记忆力再差，也很可能留下一星半点的印象，恰如一只只绵羊从篱笆洞里接连通过，总不免在那刺条上留下几缕羊毛。

英语翻译资格考试二级笔译实务2022年模拟题2

英语翻译资格考试二级笔译实务2022年模拟题2(总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、Section Ⅰ English-Chinese Translation(总题数：2，分数：60.00)1. Para. 1 ①As Rachel Raymond from West Orange, N.J., tells it, the day last August when she flew on a private jet ranks as one of the most unreal experiences of her life. ②Ms. Raymond, and her husband, Daniel, along with their three children, took a flight in a seven-seat jet, a Cessna Citation III, complete with two pilots and a well-stocked bar, from Westchester County Airport, in White Plains, N.Y., to upstate Saratoga Springs. ③The Raymonds had decided to take an impromptu trip to Lake George because they had found a last-minute deal where they could fly on that route for only $500.Para. 2 'Daniel and I have always fantasized about flying private, but it's a luxury that we never thought that we would be able to pay for.' Ms. Raymond said.Para. 3 ①The charter was a 'SuiteDeal' from the private jet company JetSuite. ②T hese last-minute deals for one-way private jet charters within the United State cost between $500 and $2,000, and the money the Raymonds paid was comfortably within their budget.Para. 4 The Raymond's $500 trip is a more extreme example of how little flights on private jets can cost, but industry experts say that a trip on one today is less expensive than it ever has been in the past.Para. 5 ①Steve Wooster, the managing director of services and air operations for the luxury travel network Virtuoso, said that the proliferation of private jet brands has led to these lower prices. ②'There are many more suppliers than there ever used to be, and competition means prices have dropped,' he said. ③'Private jet flying is now open to a diversity of passengers, not just C.E.O.'s.'Para. 6 ①JetSmarter, around since 2013, is an example of a player in the private aviation space selling shared flights. ②The company operates on a membership model: Fliers pay a minimum of $15,000 a year and book seats on already scheduled flights through the JetSmarter app, which lists more than 150 domestic and international trips a day. ③Trips under three hours are included in the cost of the membership while longer ones are an average of $300 a person, according to Sergey Petrossov, the company's chief executive officer; most flights have an average of eight to 10 passengers.Para. 7 ①Members who want to set their own schedule can create a flight and post itto JetSmarter's app so that other interested members can buy seats for the route and help reduce the cost of the charter; if all the seats on the plane sell, the member who created the flight flies for free. ②These crowdsourced trips usually top out at $2,000 a person, a fraction of the $8,000 or more per hour it can cost for a traditional charter. ③'My goal is to make private jet flying less elitist,' Mr. Petrossov said.Para. 8 ①Blade, which doesn't require membership, also sells flights, but only from December through mid-March and on one route, between Westchester County Airport (with or without a helicopter transfer from Manhattan) and its own terminal in Miami-Opa Locka Executive Airport. ② From $1,285 each way, fliers travel on a Bombardier commercial jet retrofitted with 16 seats and receive an array of amenities such as catered meals from Dean & Deluca as well as iPad Pros loaded with first-run movies; they also get accommodations for the weekend at Faena Miami, a luxury beachfront hotel.Para. 9 The Miami route made its debut two years ago and has been so popular, said company founder Rob Wiesenthal, that this season, the flights will be offered four days a week, instead of the two days that they previously were.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(第一段①来自新泽西州西奥兰治(West Orange，N．J．)的雷切尔·雷蒙德(Rachel Raymond)说，去年八月她乘坐私人飞机的经历成为了她生命中最不真实的体验之一。

笔译二级实务(综合)模拟试卷6(题后含答案及解析)

笔译二级实务（综合）模拟试卷6(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)This part consists of two sections: SECTIONA 1 “Compulsory Translation”and SECTION 2 “Optional Translation”which comprises “Topic 1”and “Topic 2”. Translate the passage in SECTION 1 and your choice from passages in SECTION 2 into Chinese. Write “Compulsory Translation”above your translation of SECTION 1 and write “Topic 1”or “Topic 2”above your translation of the passage from SECTION 2. The time for this part is 100 minutes.SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points)1．The Pediatrics report answered many questions, but much about the subject remains a mystery.正确答案：儿科的报告回答了许多疑问，但是同时关于这个问题还有不少疑团没有解开。

涉及知识点：英译汉2．Exactly why obesity and early development should be linked is not well understood.正确答案：究竟为什么肥胖与提前发育之间有联系，人们了解得并不是很多。

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(13)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（13）(1/1)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题There was, last week, a glimmer of hope in the world food crisis. Expecting a bumper harvest, Ukraine relaxed restrictions on exports. Overnight, global wheat prices fell by 10 percent.By contrast, traders in Bangkok quote rice prices around $1,000 a ton, up from $460 two months ago.Such is the volatility of today's markets. We do not know how high food prices might go, nor how far they could fall. But one thing is certain: We have gone from an era of plenty to one of scarcity. Experts agree that food prices are not likely to return to the levels the world had grown accustomed to any time soon.Imagine the situation of those living on less than $1 a day—the "bottom billion," the poorest of the world's poor. Most live in Africa, and many might typically spend two-thirds of their income on food.In Liberia last week, I heard how people have stopped purchasing imported rice by the bag. Instead, they increasingly buy it by the cup, because that's all they can afford.Traveling through West Africa, I found good reason for optimism. In Burkina Faso, I saw a government working to import drought resistant seeds and better manage scarce water supplies, helped by nations like Brazil. In Ivory Coast, we saw a women's cooperative running a chicken farm set up with UN funds. The project generated income—and food—for villagers in ways that can easily be replicated.Elsewhere, I saw yet another women's group slowly expanding their local agricultural production, with UN help. Soon they will replace World Food Program rice with their own home-grown produce, sufficient to cover the needs of their school feeding program.These are home-grown, grass-roots solutions for grass-roots problems—precisely the kind of solutions that Africa needs.下一题(1/1)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationThis section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".第2题中华文明经历了5000多年的历史变迁，但始终一脉相承，积淀着中华民族最深层的精神追求，代表着中华民族独特的精神标识，为中华民族生生不息、发展壮大供了丰厚滋养。

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(1)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（1）(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题"Wisdom of the Crowd": The Myths and RealitiesAre the many wiser than the few? Phil Ball explores the latest evidence on what can make groups of people smarter—but can also make them wildly wrong.Is The Lord of the Rings the greatest work of literature of the 20th Century? Is The Shawshank Redemption the best movie ever made? Both have been awarded these titles by public votes. You don't have to be a literary or film snob to wonder about the wisdom of so-called "wisdom of the crowd",In an age routinely denounced as selfishly individualistic, it's curious that a great deal of faith still seems to lie with the judgment of the crowd, especially when it can apparently be far off the mark. Yet there is some truth underpinning the idea that the masses can make more accurate collective judgments than expert individuals. So why is a crowd sometimes right and sometimes disastrously wrong?The notion that a group's judgement can be surprisingly good was most compellingly justified in James Surowiecki's 2005 book The Wisdom of Crowds, and is generally traced back to an observation by Charles Darwin's cousin Francis Galton in 1907. Galton pointed out that the average of all the entries in a "guess the weight of the ox" competition at a country fair was amazingly accurate—beating not only most of the individual guesses but also those of alleged cattle experts. This is the essence of the wisdom of crowds: their average judgment converges on the right solution.Still, Surowiecki also pointed out that the crowd is far from infallible. He explained that one requirement for a good crowd judgement is that people's decisions are independent of one another. If everyone let themselves be influenced by each other's guesses, there's more chance that the guesses will drift towards a misplaced bias. This undermining effect of social influence was demonstrated in 2011 by a team at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. They asked groups of participants to estimate certain quantities in geography or crime, about which none of them could be expected to have perfect knowledge but all could hazard a guess—the length of the Swiss-Italian border, for example, or the annual number of murders in Switzerland. The participants were offered modest financial rewards for good group guesses, to make sure they took the challenge seriously.The researchers found that, as the amount of information participants were given about each other's guesses increased, the range of their guesses got narrower, and the centre of this range could drift further from the true value. In other words, the groups were tending towards a consensus, to the detriment of accuracy.This finding challenges a common view in management and politics that it is best to seek consensus in group decision making. What you can end up with instead is herding towards a relatively arbitrary position. Just how arbitrary depends on what kind of pool of opinions you start off with, according to subsequent work by one of the ETH team, Frank Schweitzer, and his colleagues. They say that if the group generally has good initial judgement, social influence can refine rather than degrade their collective decision.No one should need warning about the dangers of herding among poorly informed decision-makers: copycat behaviour has been widely regarded as one of the major contributing factors to the financial crisis, and indeed to all financial crises of the past.The Swiss team commented that this detrimental herding effect is likely to be even greater for deciding problems for which no objectively correct answer exists, which perhaps explains how democratic countries occasionally elect such astonishingly inept leaders.There's another key factor that makes the crowd accurate, or not. It has long been argued that the wisest crowds are the most diverse. That's a conclusion supported in a 2004 study by Scott Page of the University of Michigan and Lu Hong of Loyola University in Chicago.They showed that, in a theoretical model of group decision-making, a diverse group of problem-solvers made a better collective guess than that produced by the group of best-performing solvers.In other words, diverse minds do better, when their decisions are averaged, than expert minds. In fact, here's a situation where a little knowledge can be a dangerous thing. A study in 2011 by a team led by Joseph Simmons of the Yale School of Management in New Haven, Connecticut found that group predictions about American football results were skewed away from the real outcomes by the over-confidence of the fans' decisions, which biased them towards alleged "favourites" in the outcomes of games.All of these findings suggest that knowing who is in the crowd, and how diverse they are, is vital before you attribute to them any real wisdom.Could there also be ways to make an existing crowd wiser? Last month, Anticline Davis-Stober of the University of Missouri and his co-workers presented calculations at a conference on Collective Intelligence that provide a few answers.They first refined the statistical definition of what it means for a crowd to be wise—when, exactly, some aggregate of crowd judgments can be considered better than those of selected individuals. This definition allowed the researchers to develop guidelines for improving the wisdom of a group. Previous work might imply that you should add random individuals whose decisions are unrelated to those of existing group members. That would be good, but it's better still to add individuals who aren't simply independent thinkers but whose views are "negatively correlated"—as different as possible—from the existing members. In other words, diversity trumps independence.If you want accuracy, then, add those who might disagree strongly with your group. What do you reckon of the chances that managers and politicians will select such contrarian candidates to join them? All the same, armed with this information I intend to apply for a position in the Cabinet of the British government. They'd be wise not to refuse.下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题How much money can be made from trying to extract oil and gas from the layers of shale that lie beneath Britain?Answering that is proving to be a surprisingly difficult scientific question because knowing the basic facts about shale is not enough.The layers have been well mapped for years. In fact until recently geologists tended to regard shale as commonplace, even dull—a view that has obviously changed.The key tool is a seismic survey: sound waves are sent into the ground and the reflections reveal the patterns of the rocks. This describes where the shale lies but not much more.So we know, for example, that the Bowland Shale—which straddles northern England—covers a far smaller area than the massive shale formations of the United States but it is also much thicker than they are.That may mean that it is a potentially richer resource or that it is harder to exploit. Britain's geological history is long and tortured, so folds and fractures disrupt the shale layers, creating a more complex picture than across the Atlantic.To assess what the layers hold involves another step: wells have to be drilled into the rock to allow cores to be extracted so the shale can be analysed in more detail.As Ed Hough of the British Geological Survey told me: "We know the areas under the ground which contain gas and oil—what we don't know is how that gas and oil might be released from the different units of rock and extracted.""There's a lot of variability in these rocks—so their composition, their history and the geological conditions all come into play and are all variable."That means that neighbouring fracking operations might come up with very different results.In a lab at the BGS near Nottingham, I'm shown a simple but effective proof that shale does contain the hydrocarbons—gas and oil—at the heart of the current surge in interest.A few chunks of the rock are dropped into a beaker of water and gently heated until they produce tiny bubbles which rise like strings of pearls to the surface.It is a sight which is both beautiful and significant—the bubbles are methane, which the government hopes will form a new source of home grown energy.The gas and oil were formed millions of years ago when tiny plants and other organisms accumulated on the floor of an ancient and warm ocean—at one stage Britain lay in the tropics. This organic matter was then compacted and cooked by natural geological warmth which transformed it into the fuels in such demand now.So one question is the "total organic content" of the shale—how much organic material is held inside—and there can be large variations in this.But establishing that the shale is laden with fossil fuels is only one part of the story. The samples, extracted from deep underground, then need to be studied to see how readily they would release the fuels.So the BGS scientists fit small blocks of the shale into devices that squeeze it and heat it—trying to mimic the conditions that would be experienced during a fracking operation, when high pressure water and chemicals are injected into the shale to break it apart.Understanding how the shale behaves is essential to forming a judgment on how lucrative it might prove to be—or how unyielding or difficult, as some shale can turn out to be.Dr Caroline Graham, a specialist in geomechanics with the BGS, explained what the research into the rock samples was trying to achieve: "We'll be able to understand better how likely they are to produce certain amounts of gas, how easily they will frack and therefore it will give us a far better idea of how viable the UK deposits are economically speaking."These are early days for the science. And hopes that Britain will be able to copy America's shale revolution may be unrealistic.A senior executive from a global energy company once said a decision on whether to exploit a new shale "play" or area would only be made after 40-60 exploration wells had been dug. Professor Paul Stevens, an energy expert with the Royal Institute for International Affairs, said: "It's going to take a lot more wells to be drilled and a lot more wells to be fractured before we even get an idea of the extent to which we might expect a shale gas revolution and over what time period."So establishing that British shale is rich in oil and gas is only one step of a long journey. The current state of the science only goes so far. How much money can be made from trying to extract oil and gas from the layers of shale that lie beneath Britain?上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationThis section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".第3题基础设施互联互通是融合发展的基本条件。

翻译二级笔译实务模拟1

翻译二级笔译实务模拟1Compulsory Translation1. A few months back, Desalegn Godebo's wife descended into a feverish delirium. "It was as if she were mad, “he said, shuddering at the memory.” she was scratching me like a crazy woman." Before a new road was built through this village, Godebo would have loaded his wife onto his back and hiked six hours along narrow dirt paths to the small city of Awasa. Instead, he lifted her into a truck for the one-hour ride to town. Her condition was diagnosed as malaria and typhoid. She is well now and back home caring for their baby.The dirt-and-gravel road may look like a timeless feature of the Great Rift Valley (东非大裂谷). But it is part of a huge public road-building project that is slowly hauling one of the poorest, hungriest nations on earth into modernity.The people who live along it divide time into two eras: Before the Road and After the Road. Because of the road, people can take their sick to the hospital and their children to distant schools. Farmers like Godebo who had only their own feet or a donkey's back for transport can now transport their crops to market.Ethiopia, an agricultural society where most farmers still live more than a half-day's walk from roads, has been especially hobbled by their absence.Support for roads in Africa, particularly from the World Bank, is growing again after a decade of decline in the 1990s. Then the bank reduced lending for roads.Road-building is coming back in style as a way to combat rural poverty in Africa.While no one expects roads alone to end the chronic hunger faced by millions of Ethiopians or the famines that loom periodically, most development experts agree that they are a precondition for progress and are essential to the success of the Green Revolution, which produces abundance in much of Asia but bypasses Africa.[参考答案] (1分) 几个月以前，德撒林·高德宝的妻子因发烧而精神错乱。

CATTI二级笔译实务模拟题

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语二级笔译实务模拟试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英译汉)This section consists of two parts, Part A - "Compulsory Translation" and Part B - "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into Chinese. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" and write your translations on the ANSWER SHEET (60 points, 100 minutes).Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)（30 points）The Dreadlock DeadlockIn the fall of 1993 Christopher Polk transferred from FedEx's hub in Indianapolis to take over a delivery route in Flatbush District, Brooklyn, N.Y. But moving to the country's largest community of Caribbean and African immigrants only precipitated a far more profound journey. "I was becoming culturally aware of the history of the black people," says Polk, now 31, "and that gave me these spiritual questions." His answer came providentially, by way of a music video featuring Lord Jamal, who raps about the Rastafarian belief in the sanctity of dreadlocks - the cords of permanently interlocked strands first worn by African chiefs perhaps 6,000 years ago.Now a practicing Rastafarian, Polk sports thick garlands that gently cascade onto his shoulders. "Your hair is your covenant," he says. "Once you grow your locks, it puts you on a path."Unfortunately, that path was a collision course with Federal Express's grooming policy, which requires men to confine their dos to "a reasonable style." After years of deliberation, Polk's bosses gave him a choice: shear his locks or be transferred to a lower-paid job with no customer contact. He refused both options and was terminated in June 2000.His tale is not unique. Although Rastafarians number about 5,000 nationally, today dreadlocks, twists or braids are at the height of fashion, nearly as common as Afros were 30 years ago. If Afros symbolized militancy, dreads signal a more spiritual self-declaration, a figurative locking with African ancestors. As Stanford professor Kennell Jackson, who teaches a course called "African Coiffures and Their New World Legacies," puts it, "There's a divinity to these locks."Divine or not, some employers consider them unacceptably outré. Six other New York-area FedEx employees have lost their jobs because of dreadlocks. They have sued, alleging religious discrimination; the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and New York's attorney general have also charged FedEx with violating religious protections in the Civil Rights Act.The dreadlock deadlock may be easing. FedEx altered its policy slightly a few weeks ago: in the future, observant employees who seek a waiver may wear their locks tucked under uniform hats, says a company spokeswoman. The concession isn't enough to settle the lawsuits yet. The EEOC also wantsreinstatement for the fired drivers, says trial attorney Michael Ranis. He's optimistic. Some new styles, he knows, grow more appealing over time.Part B Choice of Two Translations (二选一题)（30 points）Topic 1 (选题一)Eurasians: The New Face of AsiaFusion is in, not only as an abstract fashion concept, but in that most grounded of realities: mixed-blood people who walk, talk, and produce even more multiracial progeny. Most strange of all, these hybrids are finding themselves hailed as role models for vast masses in Asia with no mixed blood at all. "When I think of Asia, I don't necessarily think of people who look like me," says Declan Wong, a Chinese-Dutch-American actor and producer, "But somehow we've become the face that sells the new Asia."So maybe Asia's Eurasian craze is driven by the theories of that whitest of white men, economist Adam Smith. As the world gets smaller, we look for a global marketing mien, a one-size-fits-all face that helps us sell Nokia cell phones and Palmolive shampoo across the world."For any business, you can't think locally anymore," says Paul Lau, general manager at Elite Model Management in Hong Kong, who has built up a stable of Eurasians for his internationally minded clients. "At the very least, you need to think regionally. Ideally, you should think globally." A global image helps sell products, even if no one but Filipinos would ever want to buy duck-fetus eggs or Thais the most pungent variety of shrimp paste. Yanto Zainal, president of Macs909, a boutique ad agency in Jakarta, used all indos for a campaign for the local Matahari department store chain. "The store wanted to promote a more cosmopolitan image," he says. "Indos have an international look but can still be accepted as Indonesian."Channel V, the Asia-wide music television channel, was one of the first to broadcast the message of homogenized hybridism. "We needed a messenger that would fit in from Tokyo to the Middle East." Says Jonnifer Seeto, regional sales marketing manager for the channel, which began beaming its border-busting images in 1994. Star Veejay Asha Gill personifies the global look. When asked what her ethnic heritage is, Gill, a Malaysian citizen, simply shrugs. "Oh, who knows," she says. "I'm half Punjabi, mixed with some English, a little French and dribs and drabs of God knows what else." The 29-year-old speaks crisp British English, fluent Malay, and a smidgen of Punjabi. She grew up in a Kuala Lumpur neighborhood that was mostly Chinese, attended an English-speaking school and was pals with Malay and Indian kids. Gill's Channel V show, broadcast in English, has a strong following in Malaysia, Japan and the United Arab Emirates. "I'm Hitler's worst nightmare," she says. "My ethnicity and profession make me a global person who can't be defined in just one category."Topic 2 (选题二)MatterLook at all the things around us: chairs, desks, cupboards, papers and pensin our classroom; motor cars, bicycles and buses in the streets; trees, plants and animals in the countryside; birds, aeroplanes and clouds in the sky; f ishes, seaweeds and corals in the sea; stars, the moon and the sun in outer space. These and all other things including the human body, are examples of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight.What is Matter Made of?Since ancient times, learned men or philosophers have thought about matter and what it is made up of. One group of philosophers thought that matter was made up of a substance called "hyle" (实质). Another group of philosophers said that matter was made up of four substances, namely earth, water, air and fire. A third group believed that matter was made up of very tiny particles which were too small to be seen. These particles were so small that they could never be further divided into smaller particles. They gave the particles the name atoms which means "those which cannot be divided." The difference between the various kinds of atoms and the ways in which they were joined were supposed to result in the different kinds of matter.All these ideas arose purely from the mind and were not based on investigation. For many years, people believed in the second idea. But actually it is the third idea that is nearer to our present concept of matter.Dalton's Atomic TheoryIn the early nineteenth century, Dalton, an English school teacher, stated in this atomic theory that matter was made up of tiny, indivis ible particles, which he also called atoms. His laboratory work showed him that atoms could neither be divided into smaller parts nor could they be destroyed. He pictured matter as being made up of tiny solid spherical atoms. Today the idea of the atoms has been accepted. But further work has shown that contrary to Dalton's findings, atoms are made up of even smaller particles.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (汉译英)This section consists of two parts, Part A —— "Compulsory Translation" and Part B - "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" and write your translations on the ANSWER SHEET (40 points, 80 minutes).Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)（20 points）中国政府高度重视人口与发展问题，将人口与发展问题作为国民经济和社会发展总体规划的重要组成部分列入议事日程，始终强调人口增长与经济社会发展相适应，与资源利用和环境保护相协调。

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(4)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（4）(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题If a heavy reliance on fossil fuels makes a country a climate ogre, then Denmark—with its thousands of wind turbines sprinkled on the coastlines and at sea—is living a happy fairy tale. Viewed from the United States or Asia, Denmark is an environmental role model. The country is "what a global warming solution looks like," wrote Frances Beinecke, the president of the Natural Resources Defense Council, in a letter to the group last autumn. About one-fifth of the country's electricity comes from wind, which wind experts say is the highest proportion of any country. But a closer look shows that Denmark is a far cry from a clean-energy paradise.The building of wind turbines has virtually ground to a halt since subsidies were cut back. Meanwhile, compared with others in the European Union, Danes remain above-average emitters of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. For all its wind turbines, a large proportion of the rest of Denmark's power is generated by plants that burn imported coal.The Danish experience shows how difficult it can be for countries grown rich on fossil fuels to switch to renewable energy sources like wind power. Among the hurdles are fluctuating political priorities, the high cost of putting new turbines offshore, concern about public acceptance of large wind turbines and the volatility of the wind itself."Europe has really led the way," said Alex Klein, a senior analyst with Emerging Energy Research, a consulting firm with offices in Cambridge, Massachusetts.Some parts of western Denmark derive 100 percent of their peak needs from wind if the breeze is up. Germany and Spain generate more power in absolute terms, but in those countries wind still accounts for a far smaller proportion of the electricity generated. The average for all 27 European Union countries is 3 percent.But the Germans and the Spanish are catching up as Denmark slows down. Of the thousands of megawatts of wind power added last year around the world, only 8 megawatts were installed in Denmark.If higher subsidies had been maintained, he said, Denmark could now be generating close to one-third—rather than one-fifth—of its electricity from windmills.下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题This week and next, governments, international agencies and nongovernmental organizations are gathering in Mexico City at the World Water Forum to discuss the legacy of global Mulhollandism in water—and to chart a new course.They could hardly have chosen a better location. Water is being pumped out of the aquifer on which Mexico City stands at twice the rate of replenishment. The result: the city is subsiding at the rate of about half a meter every decade. You can see the consequences in the cracked cathedrals, the tilting Palace of Arts and the broken water and sewerage pipes.Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining ofgroundwaters for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity. With water use increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking—especially in some of the poorest countries.Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.Across the world, water-based ecological systems—rivers, lakes and watersheds—have been taken beyond the frontiers of ecological sustainability by policy makers who have turned a blind eye to the consequences of over-exploitation.We need a new model of water management for the 21st century. What does that mean? For starters, we have to stop using water like there's no tomorrow—and that means using it more efficiently at levels that do not destroy our environment. The buzz-phrase at the Mexico Water forum is "integrated water resource management." What it means is that governments need to manage the private demand of different users and manage this precious resource in the public interest.上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationThis section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".第3题江西素有“物华天宝、人杰地灵”的美誉，是中国革命的红色摇篮，也是人文福地，山川秀美，文化底蕴深厚，特别是佛道教文化历史悠久，祖庭众多。

翻译资格考试 CATTI 二级笔译实务全真模拟题(二)(附参考译文)

CATTI 二级笔译实务全真模拟题（二）（附参考译文）Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points) Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage 1Successful Olympic Games start with a vision focused on how the Games could advance local and regional development goals. Developing the right vision requires creative thinking consensus building and big ideas. Reliable information can help transform those ideas into action that delivers desired outcomes. This document is intended to contribute to that process.The information presented here has been compiled from previous Olympic Winter Games to help cities make informed decisions about the costs and benefits of hosting future Games. It offers data on key cost and revenue drivers at the two most recent Olympic Games (Vancouver2010, Sochi 2014) and the forthcoming Games in PyeongChang 2018, as well as information on the number of venues and other factors that offer insights on Games requirements.The data can be used to complement feasibility studies and to support the development of realistic Games operations budgets. However, it is important to bear in mind the local context in considering past experiences in other cities. There is no one-size-fits-all template for the Olympic Games. Cities should view the Games through their own unique context and develop plans that address local and regional needs. The international Olympic Committee (IOC) offers assistance at every stage to assist the organization of Games that benefit local communities.This document provides a snapshot of three very different cities that delivered Games that reflected their starting points and their goals.Vancouver started its Olympic Games planning with several existing venues and a well-established ski resort in nearby Whistler. Sochi pursued a vision to transform a summer resort city into a year-round tourist destination with new world-class winter sports facilities. PyeongChang, now in the final stages of preparation, is also creatinga new winter sport destination in its own unique context.Other important factors that all cities should consider in the local context include labour and construction costs; the availability of winter sports expertise; and the vibrancy of the domestic commercial sports market.Changes in society and within the Olympic Movement will also have an impact on cost and revenue for future Games.By most any measure, the Olympic Winter Games are more popular than ever, reaching record global audiences via traditional television, digital platforms and social media. Exciting new events are helping to attract new audiences and new commercial partners.The expansion of the sports programme-from 86 events in Vancouver, to 96 events in Sochi and the possibility of more events in the future-not only increases the appeal of the Games, it also increases the number of competition venues.At the same time, sports organizations, including Organizing Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOG), have responded to societal expectation for more accountability, more transparency, more social responsibility and more sustainability.【参考译文】英译汉:第一篇奥运会的成功,始于通过奥运会推进地方和区域发展目标的愿景。

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(20)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（20）(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题It was a hot afternoon in July when my shuttle bus stuttered to a halt on the dusty banks of the Yukon River. I squinted, bleary-eyed, at the Frontier-style houses of Canada´s Dawson City opposite.Thanks to our slow progress along the scantily paved Top of the World Highway, my 10-hour, 620km journey from Fairbanks, Alaska had been long and uncomfortable. But as I was on a quest to discover the landscapes immortalised in the books of US writer, Jack London, a man who braved Canada´s sub-zero temperatures and wilderness before roads like the highway even existed, it seemed inappropriate to complain.In October 1897, London had arrived in Dawson City on a hastily constructed boat in far more arduous circumstances than I, including a dangerous, 800kin voyage downriver from the Yukon´s headwaters in British Columbia. An aspiring but still-unknown 21-year-old writer from the San Francisco Bay area, London was one of tens of thousands of "stampeders" lured north by the Klondike Gold Rush. He went on to spend a frigid winter working a claim on Henderson Creek, 120km south of Dawson, where he found very little gold, but did contract a bad case of scurvy. He also discovered a different kind of fortune: he later would turn his experiences as an adventurous devil-may-care prospector into a body of Klondike-inspired fiction—and into $1 million in book profits, making him the first US author to earn such an amount.The Klondike Gold Rush ignited in 1896, when three US prospectors found significant gold deposits in a small tributary in Canada´s Yukon Territory. When the news filtered to Seattle and San Francisco the following summer, the effect on a US still reeling from severe economic recession was unprecedented. Thousands risked their lives to make the sometimes year-long journey to the subarctic gold fields. Of an estimated 100,000 people who set out for the Klondike over the following four years, less than half made it without turning around or dying en route; only around 4% struck gold.Dawson City, which sprang up on the banks of the Yukon in 1896 close to the original find, quickly became the gold rush´s hub. Today, its dirt streets and crusty clapboard buildings—all protected by Canada´s national park service—retain their distinct Klondike-era character. But as our bus crept along Front Street past bevies of tourists strolling along permafrost-warped boardwalks, I reflected how different London´s experience must have been. Contemporary Dawson City is a civilised grid of tourist-friendly restaurants and film set-worthy streets, with a permanent population of around 1,300. By contrast, in 1898 it was a bawdy boomtown of 30,000 hardy itinerants who tumbled out of rambunctious bars and crowded the river in makeshift rafts.The roughshod living would not have intimidated London. Born into a working class family in San Francisco in 1876, his callow years were short on home comforts. As a teenager, he rode the rails, became an oyster pirate and was jailed briefly for vagrancy. He also acquired an unquenchable appetite for books. Passionate, determined and impatient, London was naturally drawn to the Klondike Gold Rush. In the summer of 1897, weeks after hearing news of the gold strike, he was on a ship to Dyea in Alaska with three partners, using money raised by mortgaging his sister´s house. My bus dropped me outside the Triple J Hotel, which like all buildings inDawson looks like a throwback to the 1890s—televisions and wi-fi aside. Too tired to watch the midnight sun, I fell asleep early to prepare for the next day´s visit to the Jack London Interpretive Center. Dawson City´s premiere Jack London attraction, it is a small museum whose prime exhibit—a small wooden cabin, roof covered in grass and moss—sits outside in a small garden surrounded by a white fence. On first impressions, it looks painfully austere. But the story of how the cabin got here is a tale worthy of London´s own fiction.In the late 1960s, Dick North, the centre´s former curator, heard of an old log emblazoned with the handwritten words "Jack London, Miner, Author, Jan 27 1898". According to two backcountry settlers, it had been cut out of a cabin wall by a dog-musher named Jack MacKenzie in the early 1940s.Excited by the find, North got hand-writing experts to authenticate that the scrawl on the so-called signature slab was London´s before setting out to find the long forgotten cabin from which MacKenzie had plucked it. North wandered with a dog mushing team for nearly 200km until he located the humble abode where London had spent the inclement winter of 1897-8 searching for gold. So remote was the location that when a team of observers arrived to aid North in April 1969, they became stuck in slushy snow and had to be rescued.Once removed, the cabin was split in two. Half of the wood (along with the reinserted signature slab) was used to build a cabin in Jack London Square in Oakland, California, near where the author grew up. The other half was reassembled next to the Interpretive Centre in Dawson City.London left the Klondike Gold Rush in July 1898 virtually penniless, having earned less than $10 from panned gold. But he had unwittingly stumbled upon another gold mine: stories. During the rush, his cabin had been located at an unofficial meeting point of various mining routes; other stampeders regularly dropped by to share their tales and adventures. Mixed with London´s own experiences and imagination, these anecdotes laid the foundations for his subsequent writing career, spearheaded by the best-selling 1903 novel The Call of the Wild.The Klondike Gold Rush finished by 1900. Despite its brevity—and its disappointment for thousands who staked everything on its get-rich-quick promises—it is a key part of US folklore and fiction thanks, in large part, to the tales of Jack London. Later, on a bus heading south to Whitehorse, I looked out at the brawny wilderness of scraggy spruce trees and bear-infested forest where the young, resolute London had once toiled in temperatures as low as-50～C. I felt new admiration for the writer—and for his swaggering desire to turn adversity into art.__________下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题"Wisdom of the Crowd": The Myths and RealitiesAre the many wiser than the few? Phil Ball explores the latest evidence on what can make groups of people smarter—but can also make them wildly wrong.Is The Lord of the Rings the greatest work of literature of the 20th Century? Is The Shawshank Redemption the best movie ever made? Both have been awarded these titles by public votes.You don´t have to be a literary or film snob to wonder about the wisdom of so-called "wisdom of thecrowd",In an age routinely denounced as selfishly individualistic, it´s curious that a great deal of faith still seems to lie with the judgment of the crowd, especially when it can apparently be far off the mark.Yet there is some truth underpinning the idea that the masses can make more accurate collective judgments than expert individuals.So why is a crowd sometimes right and sometimes disastrously wrong?The notion that a group´s judgement can be surprisingly good was most compellingly justified in James Surowiecki´s 2005 book The Wisdom of Crowds, and is generally traced back to an observation by Charles Darwin´s cousin Francis Galton in 1907.Galton pointed out that the average of all the entries in a "guess the weight of the ox" competition at a country fair was amazingly accurate—beating not only most of the individual guesses but also those of alleged cattle experts.This is the essence of the wisdom of crowds: their average judgment converges on the right solution.Still, Surowiecki also pointed out that the crowd is far from infallible.He explained that one requirement for a good crowd judgement is that people´s decisions are independent of one another.If everyone let themselves be influenced by each other´s guesses, there´s more chance that the guesses will drift towards a misplaced bias.This undermining effect of social influence was demonstrated in 2011 by a team at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich.They asked groups of participants to estimate certain quantities in geography or crime, about which none of them could be expected to have perfect knowledge but all could hazard a guess—the length of the Swiss-Italian border, for example, or the annual number of murders in Switzerland.The participants were offered modest financial rewards for good group guesses, to make sure they took the challenge seriously.The researchers found that, as the amount of information participants were given about each other´s guesses increased, the range of their guesses got narrower, and the centre of this range could drift further from the true value.In other words, the groups were tending towards a consensus, to the detriment of accuracy.This finding challenges a common view in management and politics that it is best to seek consensus in group decision making.What you can end up with instead is herding towards a relatively arbitrary position.Just how arbitrary depends on what kind of pool of opinions you start off with, according to subsequent work by one of the ETH team, Frank Schweitzer, and his colleagues.They say that if the group generally has good initial judgement, social influence can refine rather than degrade their collective decision.No one should need warning about the dangers of herding among poorly informed decision-makers: copycat behaviour has been widely regarded as one of the major contributing factors to the financial crisis, and indeed to all financial crises of the past.The Swiss team commented that this detrimental herding effect is likely to be even greater for deciding problems for which no objectively correct answer exists, which perhaps explains how democratic countries occasionally elect such astonishingly inept leaders.There´s another key factor that makes the crowd accurate, or not.It has long been argued that the wisest crowds are the most diverse.That´s a conclusion supported in a 2004 study by Scott Page of the University of Michigan and Lu Hong of Loyola University in Chicago.They showed that, in a theoretical model of group decision-making, a diverse group of problem-solvers made a better collective guess than that produced by the group ofbest-performing solvers.In other words, diverse minds do better, when their decisions are averaged, than expert minds.In fact, here´s a situation where a little knowledge can be a dangerous thing.A study in 2011 by a team led by Joseph Simmons of the Yale School of Management in New Haven, Connecticut found that group predictions about American football results were skewed away from the real outcomes by the over-confidence of the fans´decisions, which biased them towards alleged "favourites" in the outcomes of games.All of these findings suggest that knowing who is in the crowd, and how diverse they are, is vital before you attribute to them any real wisdom.Could there also be ways to make an existing crowd wiser? Last month, Anticline Davis-Stober of the University of Missouri and his co-workers presented calculations at a conference on Collective Intelligence that provide a few answers.They first refined the statistical definition of what it means for a crowd to be wise—when, exactly, some aggregate of crowd judgments can be considered better than those of selected individuals.This definition allowed the researchers to develop guidelines for improving the wisdom of a group.Previous work might imply that you should add random individuals whose decisions are unrelated to those of existing group members.That would be good, but it´s better still to add individuals who aren´t simply independent thinkers but whose views are "negatively correlated"—as different as possible—from the existing members.In other words, diversity trumps independence.If you want accuracy, then, add those who might disagree strongly with your group.What do you reckon of the chances that managers and politicians will select such contrarian candidates to join them? All the same, armed with this information I intend to apply for a position in the Cabinet of the British government.They´d be wise not to refuse.__________上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following two passages into English.Part A Compulsory Translation第3题从减负的角度看，把英语考试选为高考改革的突破口似有道理。

翻译二级笔译实务模拟51

翻译二级笔译实务模拟51Section Ⅰ English-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.1. （江南博哥） Para. 1 ①The seaside promenade in Douglas, on the Isle of Man, a self-governing British Crown dependency, boasts grand Victorian buildings and a horse-drawn tram. ②When cheap air travel meant these holiday towns were abandoned, most fell into disrepair.③But Douglas reinvented itself as an offshore financial centre. ④Today finance provides over a third of the island's GDP, of which around half is from insurance. ⑤Now new transparency rules put thatat risk.Para. 2 ①From January 1st the island's insurers will have tobe more open with clients, in particular on the subject of brokers' commissions. ②Britain has had similar rules since last year. ③International organizations such as the OECD, a club of rich countries, and the Financial Action Task Force, an intergovernmental anti-money-laundering organization, increasingly require such standards for their seal of approval.Para. 3 ①The island's main insurance business is not at risk.②The "offshore bonds" it started offering in the 1970s allow British residents to pay a lump sum, usually at least 50,000 pounds ($63,000), to be returned on an agreed date. ③These count as life insurance, though the insurance payout is typically just 1—5% of the lump sum, and can be as little as 1 pound. ④The appeal is tax-efficiency: deferring income tax liabilities or avoiding inheritance tax. ⑤Britain's tax authority could kill these off, but it has tolerated them for decades and shows no sign of a change of heart.Para. 4 ①Rather, it is the island's growing business of life insurance for expatriates and the global rich that is under threat.②The other big offshore insurance centre, Bermuda, specializes in property-and-casualty insurance and reinsurance, mainly for hurricane risk in America. ③For the Isle of Man, by contrast, life insurance accounts for over 90% of its insurers' assets under management: 69 bn pounds out of 75 bn pounds. ④And within life insurance, itspecializes in asset protection and asset management rather thandeath benefits or annuities.Para. 5 ①Reasons to buy range from wealth protection—fromhigh taxes, government expropriation or succession squabbles—to taxarbitrage. ②In many countries the proceeds of a life-insurancepolicy attract less tax than a direct inheritance.Para. 6 ①Unhappily for Manx firms, these products are sold with hefty commissions. ②Some of their brokers charge 6—7% of a policy's value. ③Though that is similar to commissions in onshore jurisdictions—around 6% in Ireland, for instance—onshore life insurance is mainly about death benefits, annuities and to an extent savings. ④A better comparator for Manx products is financial advice, where commissions have been slashed. ⑤In Britain financial advisers must charge retail investors fixed fees rather than commissions, to avoid conflicts of interest.Para. 7 ①Business might shift to avoid the new rules. ②One Manx official worries about competition from the British Virgin Islands. ③Or clients boggling at the newly revealed fees may switch to a different sort of vehicle for asset protection, for example the trusts in which Jersey and Guernsey, also Crown dependencies, specialize.Para. 8 The Isle of Man will still benefit from a stable legal environment and specialist talent.Para. 9 ①It already offers some products that rely on neither Britain's tax forbearance nor rich individuals elsewhere. ②But the island's financial industry will have to diversify: to new types of customers such as corporations, for example, or to products that are less dependent on brokers.正确答案：第一段①马恩岛是英国自治的皇家属地。

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(19)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（19）(1/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July 1969 and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972.An undertaking as large as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly.It demands an unflagging intellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure; for instance, I had to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explain what moved me to do so. There has been a deep change in the temper of science in the last 20 years: the focus of attention has shifted from the physical to the life sciences.As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of individuality.But the interested spectator is hardly aware yet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds.As a mathematician trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age.I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it. The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation.Television is an admirable medium for exposition in several ways: powerful and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people.The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed most with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideas in the form of television essays.The point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modern and idiosyncratic models.Therefore the underlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties.And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely by minds, so that they are alive and charged with individuality.If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted.__________下一题(2/2)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第2题It´s not that we are afraid of seeing him stumble, of scribbling a mustache over his career.Sure, the nice part of us wants Mike to know we appreciate him, that he still reigns, at least in our memory.The truth, though, is that we don´t want him to come back because even for Michael Jordan, this would be an act of hubris so monumental as to make his trademark confidence twist into conceit.We don´t want him back on the court because no one likes a show-off.The stumbling? That will be fun. But we are nice people, we Americans, with 225 years of optimism at our backs.Days ago when M.J.said he had made a decision about returning to the NBA in September, we got excited.He had said the day before, "I look forward to playing, and hopefully I can get tothat point where I can make that decision.It´s O.K.to have some doubt, and it´s O.K.to have some nervousness." A Time/´CNN poll last week has Americans, 2 to 1, saying they would like him on the court ASAP.And only 21 percent thought that if he came back and just completely bombed, it would damage his legend.In fact only 28 percent think athletes should retire at their peak. Sources close to him tell Time that when Jordan first talked about a comeback with the Washington Wizards, the team Jordan co-owns and would play for, some of his trusted advisers privately tried to discourage him."But they say if they try to stop him, it will only firm up his resolve," says an NBA source. The problem with Jordan´s return is not only that he can´t possibly live up to the storybook ending he gave up in 1998 — earning his sixth ring with a last-second championship-winning shot.The problem is that the motives for coming back —needing the attention, needing to play even when his 38-year-old body does not — violate the very myth of Jordan, the myth of absolute control.Babe Ruth, the 20th century´s first star, was a gust of fat bravado and drunken talent, while Jordan ended the century by proving the elegance of resolve; Babe´s pointing to the bleachers replaced by the charm of a backpedaling shoulder shrug.Jordan symbolized success by not sullying his brand with his politics, his opinion or superstar personality.To be a Jordan fan was to be a fan of classiness and confidence. To come back when he knows that playing for Wizards won´t get him anywhere near the second round of the play-offs, when he knows that he won´t be the league scoring leader, that´s a loss of control. Jordan does not care what we think.Friends say that he takes articles that tell him not to come back and tacks them all on his refrigerator as inspiration.So why bother writing something telling him not to come back? He is still Michael Jordan.__________上一题下一题(1/2)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following two passages into English.Part A Compulsory Translation第3题日前，腾讯老大马化腾坦言“腾讯目前只是在国内有很多用户和较高的知名度，但在国外没有多少人知道”。

笔译二级实务(综合)模拟试卷11(题后含答案及解析)

笔译二级实务（综合）模拟试卷11(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)This part consists of two sections: SECTIONA 1 “Compulsory Translation”and SECTION 2 “Optional Translation”which comprises “Topic 1”and “Topic 2”. Translate the passage in SECTION 1 and your choice from passages in SECTION 2 into Chinese. Write “Compulsory Translation”above your translation of SECTION 1 and write “Topic 1”or “Topic 2”above your translation of the passage from SECTION 2. The time for this part is 100 minutes.SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points)1．Our world has never been so small or so flat, thanks to technologies that have altered our relationship with time and space in ways that would startle even Albert Einstein.正确答案：由于技术改变了我们与时空之间的关系，我们的世界从未变得如此之小、如此之平，而这些变化甚至可能让爱因斯坦也惊讶不已。

笔译二级实务模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析)

笔译二级实务模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. English-Chinese Translation 2. Chinese-English TranslationPART 1 English-Chinese Translation (60 points)This part consists of two sections: SECTIONA 1 “Compulsory Translation”and SECTION 2 “Optional Translation”which comprises “Topic 1”and “Topic 2”. Translate the passage in SECTION 1 and your choice from passages in SECTION 2 into Chinese. Write “Compulsory Translation”above your translation of SECTION 1 and write “Topic 1”or “Topic 2”above your translation of the passage from SECTION 2. The time for this part is 100 minutes.SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points)1．When foreigners are sometimes asked what seems most strange about American society, somewhere on the top of the list will be the fact the average citizen is allowed to possess guns. Although it is true that many people carry guns legally in the United States, it is also known that many who possess guns carry illegally. Others, who don’t have guns, feel that guns can be acquired quite easily. A recent survey indicated that many high school students, especially in the inner cities, can acquire gun with little difficulty. Although most people would never want to own a gun, others have taken up hunting as a sport and enjoy hunting wild game in season. Hunting for deer and duck in fall and winter is very much a part of the American culture. Also, some farmers in rural areas who raise cattle and sheep feel they need to protect their animals against wolves that attack their herds and flocks at night. To defend and support their rights to possess firearms the National Rifle Association(NRA)was founded in 1871. The main importance of this organization has been its efforts to prevent strict gun control legislation. The NRA has great political support in small towns and rural areas, especially in the West and the South, where hunting is especially popular. Those who favor the right to possess guns insist that the Constitution provides the right of people “to keep and bear arms”. They believe that gun control laws will not solve the problem of crime and violence in America. Recent events in America, however, have shown that the question of gun possession is now out of control and strong voices have called for immediate action to be taken. In seemingly peaceful schools students have gone into classrooms and opened fire upon their classmates. America has been shocked by such incidents which seem to occur with greater frequency. The periodic deaths of innocent citizens and even foreign visitors from guns have forced legislators to pass laws to stop these senseless killings. The day may not be far off when America will be transformed from a gun culture to one which controls their use and possession.正确答案：当一些外国人被问到在美国社会什么事情在他们看来最不寻常时，经常性的回答是普通的美国人都可以持有枪支。

二级笔译考试模拟题及答案

二级笔译考试模拟题及答案【试题一】The first outline of The Ascent of Man was written in July1969and the last foot of film was shot in December 1972. An undertaking aslarge as this, though wonderfully exhilarating, is not entered lightly. It demands an unflagging intellectual and physical vigour, a total immersion, which I had to be sure that I could sustain with pleasure;for instance, Ihad to put off researches that I had already begun; and I ought to explai-n what moved me to do so.There has been a deep change in the temper of science in thelast20 years: the focus of attention has shifted from the physical tothe life sciences. As a result, science is drawn more and more to the study of in-dividuality. But the interested spectator is hardly awareyet how far-reaching the effect is in changing the image of man that science moulds. Asa mathematician trained in physics, I too would have been unaware, had not a series of lucky chances taken me into the life sciences in middle age. I owe a debt for the good fortune that carried me into two seminal fields of science in one lifetime; and though I do not know to whom the debt is due, I conceived The Ascent of Man in gratitude to repay it.The invitation to me from the British Broadcasting Corporation was to present the development of science in a series of television programmes to match those of Lord Clark on Civilisation. Television isan admirable medium- for exposition in several ways: powerful and immediate to the eye, able to take the spectator bodily into the places and processes that are described, and conversational enough to make him conscious that what he witnesses are not events but the actions of people. The last of these merits is to my mind the most cogent, and it weighed most with me in agreeing to cast a personal biography of ideasin the form of television essays. The point is that knowledge in general and science in particular does not consist of abstract but of man-made ideas, all the way from its beginnings to its modern and idiosyncratic models. Therefore the underlying concepts that unlock nature must be shown to arise early and in the simplest cultures of man from his basic and specific faculties. And the development of science which joins them in more and more complex conjunctions must be seen to be equally human: discoveries are made by men, not merely by minds, so that they are aliveand charged with individuality. If television is not used to make these thoughts concrete, it is wasted.参考答案：不是因为我们害怕看到他会因失误而给他辉煌的生涯画上遗憾的一笔。

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析(15)

英语翻译二级笔译实务模拟试题及答案解析（15）(1/1)Section ⅠEnglish-Chinese TranslationTranslate the following two passages into Chinese.Part A Compulsory Translation第1题This week and next, governments, international agencies and nongovernmental organizations are gathering in Mexico City at the World Water Forum to discuss the legacy of global Mulhollandism in water—and to chart a new course.They could hardly have chosen a better location. Water is being pumped out of the aquifer on which Mexico City stands at twice the rate of replenishment. The result: the city is subsiding at the rate of about half a meter every decade. You can see the consequences in the cracked cathedrals, the tilting Palace of Arts and the broken water and sewerage pipes.Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining of groundwaters for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity. With water use increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking—especially in some of the poorest countries.Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.Across the world, water-based ecological systems—rivers, lakes and watersheds—have been taken beyond the frontiers of ecological sustainability by policy makers who have turned a blind eye to the consequences of over-exploitation.We need a new model of water management for the 21st century. What does that mean? For starters, we have to stop using water like there's no tomorrow—and that means using it more efficiently at levels that do not destroy our environment. The buzz-phrase at the Mexico Water forum is "integrated water resource management." What it means is that governments need to manage the private demand of different users and manage this precious resource in the public interest.下一题(1/1)Section ⅡChinese-English TranslationThis section consists of two parts, Part A—"Compulsory Translation" and Part B— "Choice of Two Translations" consisting of two sections "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". For the passage in Part A and your choice of passages in Part B, translate the underlined portions, including titles, into English. Above your translation of Part A, write "Compulsory Translation" and above your translation from Part B, write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2".第2题能源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。

翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题32

翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题32汉译英1. 单位GDP能耗同比下降4.2%，碳排放强度下降5%左右，是多年来降幅最大的。

正确答案：The per unit GDP energy consumptio（江南博哥）n dropped by 4.2percent year on year, and carbon intensity was cut by about 5 percent, the largest drop in many years.2. 我们支持推动传统经济转型升级，挖掘绿色经济、蓝色经济、互联网经济等发展前景良好的新经济形态，走绿色、循环、低碳和高效发展之路。

正确答案：We support the efforts to promote economic restructuring and upgrading in traditional industries, explore new and promising economic growth areas such as the Green Economy, the Blue Economy,and the Internet Economy, and promote green, circular, low-carbon and energy-efficient development.3. 稀土作为不可再生的战略资源，在新能源、新材料、节能环保、航空航天及电子信息等领域的应用日益广泛。

正确答案：As a non-renewable strategic resource, rare earth is being widelyused in new energy, new material, energy conservation and environment protection, aviation and space, electronic information and other industries.4. 在新能源、信息及节能减排领域，具有自主创新能力的中小企业发生了巨大变化。

翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题30

翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题30汉译英1. 杨景致同志原在石家庄帮助建立一座新工厂，任务完成之后，他就去上海休假，看望老朋友，一个礼拜以前才回北京来。

正确答案：Comrade Yang Jingzh（江南博哥）i came back to Beijing a week ago from Shanghai where he had spent his vacation visiting his friends after the completion of the job he had been assigned to help build anew factory in Shijiazhuang city.2. 太平宫位于崂山东部的上苑山北麓，初名太平兴国院，是赵匡胤为华盖真人刘若拙建的道场之一。

正确答案：Taipinggong Temple is located at the northern foot of Mount Shang yuan, east of Laoshan Mountain. Its original name was "The Garden of Taiping Xingguo", one of the Taoist temples built for Liu Ruozhuo (his religious name was Huagai) by Zhao Kuangyin, founder of the Song Dynasty (960—1127).3. 互联网对企业内部也是一种革命。

正确答案：The Net has revolutionized the way companies are run.4. 新经济的另一个改变就是，很多跟互联网或高科技有关的新公司像雨后春笋般兴起。

好像只要成立一家公司，高获利率的前景就指日可待。

正确答案：The New Economy has also led to the mushrooming of IT or Internet-related firms as though the mere setting up of such a company is a guarantee of high profits.5. 只有注重技术、企业精神和创新三点，才会在新经济时代成为赢家。