动词不定式作状语

动词不定式作状语

不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因等。(to do/ not to do)

1.表示目的

To save the child, he laid down his life.

注意：有时为了强调或突出这种目的，也可以用in order (not) to do,和so as (not) to do结构（so as to do不可以置于句首）。

He shouted and waved in order to be noticed.

In order to be noticed, he shouted and waved

I'll write down his telephone number so as not to forget it.

2.表示结果

He got to the station only to find the train had gone.

He got to the station only to be told the train had gone.

We came home to find our garden neat and tidy.我们回到家里发现花园整整齐齐。

He hurried to the house only to find that it was empty.他急忙赶到那所房子，却发现空无一人。

He survived the crash only to die in the desert.飞机坠毁时他幸免于难，后来却死在沙漠里。

After the meeting, they parted, never to see each other again.

He went abroad, never to be heard from.

不定式表示结果常见于下列句型。

1）so ... as to do

Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle

I’m not so simple as to think it will be easy.我决不至于笨得以为那是容易的事。

The house is so high and narrow as to resemble a tower.这房子又高又窄，像一座塔。

2）such ... as to do

We are not such fools as to believe him.

He spoke in such a manner as to offend them.他用这种方式讲话，以致冒犯了他们。

It was such aloud noise as to wake everybody in the house.声音这么大，房子里的每个人都给吵醒了。3）enough to do

He didn't run fast enough to catch the train.

The patient is well enough to sit up in bed now.病人现在已能在床上坐起来了。

He’s big enough to go out without his parents.他已长大，不用父母陪着出门了。

4）only to do

He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet. 他搬起石头砸自己的脚。

5）too ... to do

His eyesight is too poor to read such small letters.

It is too soon for me to say whether the scheme will succeed or not.现在说计划能否成功还为时过早。

As a conductor he is too experienced to mind what the critics say.他是一位经验非常丰富的指挥家，根本不会在乎评论家的意见。

注意：too...to...结构中的形容词如果是eager, pleased, happy, ready,willing,anxious等，动词不定式不表结果，也没有否定的意思。

I’m only too glad to stay at home.我太想留在家里啦。(too修饰glad to stay at home)

I’m just too anxious to help you.我正是想帮助你哩。(too修饰anxious to help you)

You are too ready to find faults in other people.你就爱找别人的岔儿。

The boy was too eager to get a geography book.

He is too anxious to know the examination results.

3.表示原因

I was a fool not to listen to you at that time.

She wept to find him in such a difficult situation.

I’m glad to see you.

练习题

1. ---Where did he go? ---He went to another store ________(buy) pencils.

2. I was surprised _________(watch) him eat so quickly.

3. _________(realise) our wishes, we must try our best to work well.

4. He is _____ honest a man _____ a lie.

A. so; to tell

B. too; to tell

C. very; to tell

D. such; that tell

5. I ran too fast _____ where I was going.

A. to notice

B. for me to notice

C. to notice for me

D. and notice

6. Would you be _____ to show me the way to the City Hall?

A. good enough

B. good enough as

C. so good

D. as good as

7. The man will do everything he can ________(buy) a camera for his wife.

8. Tom kept quiet about the accident ________ lose his job.

A. so not as to

B. so as not to

C. so as to not

D. not so as to

9. --- Did that book give the information you needed?

--- Yes, but ______, we had to read it almost entirely.

A. for finding it

B. to find it

C. finding it

D. by finding it

10. I intended _____________ (discuss)the matter with you, but I had some guests hen.

11. The worker is ______ in repairing the machine to notice my coming.

A. too busy

B. enough busy

C. busy too

D. busy enough

12. Grace advised us to withdraw ______.

A. so as to get not involved

B. so as not to get involved

C. so that to get not involved

D. as not to get involved

13. He ran all the way up to the station ______ that the train had left fifteen minutes before.

A. in order to find

B. so as to find

C. only to find

D. such as to find

14. I had intended ___________ (visit) him while he was living at Aberdeen.

15. Despite the earnest efforts of various private groups as well as government agencies, many of the probl ems have not yet been solved, and much remains to ______.

A. have been done

B. be done

C. have done

D. do