系统解剖 英文版 神经系统 脑干Brain stem
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Emerges from the junction of basilar part and middle cerebellar peduncle Pontocerebellar trigone 脑桥小脑三角
The junction of medulla, pons and cerebellum
★ Dorsal Surface of Pons
➢ It connects the diencephalon anteriorlly, spinal cord inferiorlly and cerebellum posteriorlly.
➢ The space between the pons, upper half of medulla oblongata and cerebellum is the fourth ventricle.
Olive 橄榄 Produced by underlying inferior olivary nucleus 下橄榄核
Anterolateral sulcus 前外侧沟 Emerge the roots of hypoglossal nerve
Retroolivary sulcus 橄榄后沟 Emerge the roots of glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves
Gross Appearance of Brain Stem
★ Gross Appearance of Brain Stem
Medulla oblongata ➢ Attached to the 9th to 12th cranial n. ➢ Divided into an open(superior) and a closed (inferior) part
★ Ventral Surface of Medulla oblongata
Pyramid 锥体 Composed of bundles of nerve fiber, called pyramidal tract 锥体束
Decussation of pyramid 锥ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ交叉 Formed by crossing fibers of pyramidal tract
Crus cerebri 大脑脚底 Interpeduncular fossa 脚间窝
Oculomotor nerve emerges on the medial side of crus cerebri Posterior perforated substance 后穿质
★ Dorsal Surface of Midbrain
★ Dorsal Surface of Medulla oblongata
Lower portion ➢ Gracile tubercle 薄束结节 produced by underlying gracile nucleus 薄束核 ➢ Cuneate tubercle 楔束结节 produced by underlying cuneate nucleus 楔束核
Pons ➢ Attached to 5th to 8th cranial n. ➢ Divided into the basilar part and tegmentum
Midbrain ➢ Attached to the 3rd and 4th cranial n. ➢ Divided into the cerebral peduncle and tectum
Forms the superior half of rhomboid fossa菱形窝
Superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚
Superior medullary velum 上髓帆
Trochlear nerve 滑车神经
★ Ventral Surface of Midbrain
Brain stem 脑干
学习方法
看外形，想内部，内外结合。 看断面，想立体，上下串联。 记重点，莫贪多，整理表格。
Brain stem 脑干
★ Component ➢ Midbrain 中脑 ➢ Pons 脑桥 ➢ Medulla oblongata 延髓
Position
➢ The brain stem occupies the posterior cranial fossa of the skull and lies on the clivus of the occipital bone
Brachium of inferior colliculus 下丘臂
Fourth ventricle 第四脑室
Central canal →fourth ventricle →mesencephalic aqueduct→third ventricle
There emerge, from medial to lateral, the abducent, facial and vestibulocochlear nerves Basilar part 基底部 ➢ Basilar sulcus 基底沟 Middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚 Trigeminal nerve 三叉神经
Superior colliculus 上丘 Constitute the centers for visual reflexes
Inferior colliculus 下丘 Associated with auditory pathway
Brachium of superior colliculus 上丘臂
➢ Inferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚
➢ Obex 闩
Upper portion: forms the lower half of rhomboid fossa 菱形窝
★ Ventral Surface of Pons
Bulbopontine sulcus 延髓脑桥沟
The junction of medulla, pons and cerebellum
★ Dorsal Surface of Pons
➢ It connects the diencephalon anteriorlly, spinal cord inferiorlly and cerebellum posteriorlly.
➢ The space between the pons, upper half of medulla oblongata and cerebellum is the fourth ventricle.
Olive 橄榄 Produced by underlying inferior olivary nucleus 下橄榄核
Anterolateral sulcus 前外侧沟 Emerge the roots of hypoglossal nerve
Retroolivary sulcus 橄榄后沟 Emerge the roots of glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves
Gross Appearance of Brain Stem
★ Gross Appearance of Brain Stem
Medulla oblongata ➢ Attached to the 9th to 12th cranial n. ➢ Divided into an open(superior) and a closed (inferior) part
★ Ventral Surface of Medulla oblongata
Pyramid 锥体 Composed of bundles of nerve fiber, called pyramidal tract 锥体束
Decussation of pyramid 锥ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ交叉 Formed by crossing fibers of pyramidal tract
Crus cerebri 大脑脚底 Interpeduncular fossa 脚间窝
Oculomotor nerve emerges on the medial side of crus cerebri Posterior perforated substance 后穿质
★ Dorsal Surface of Midbrain
★ Dorsal Surface of Medulla oblongata
Lower portion ➢ Gracile tubercle 薄束结节 produced by underlying gracile nucleus 薄束核 ➢ Cuneate tubercle 楔束结节 produced by underlying cuneate nucleus 楔束核
Pons ➢ Attached to 5th to 8th cranial n. ➢ Divided into the basilar part and tegmentum
Midbrain ➢ Attached to the 3rd and 4th cranial n. ➢ Divided into the cerebral peduncle and tectum
Forms the superior half of rhomboid fossa菱形窝
Superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚
Superior medullary velum 上髓帆
Trochlear nerve 滑车神经
★ Ventral Surface of Midbrain
Brain stem 脑干
学习方法
看外形，想内部，内外结合。 看断面，想立体，上下串联。 记重点，莫贪多，整理表格。
Brain stem 脑干
★ Component ➢ Midbrain 中脑 ➢ Pons 脑桥 ➢ Medulla oblongata 延髓
Position
➢ The brain stem occupies the posterior cranial fossa of the skull and lies on the clivus of the occipital bone
Brachium of inferior colliculus 下丘臂
Fourth ventricle 第四脑室
Central canal →fourth ventricle →mesencephalic aqueduct→third ventricle
There emerge, from medial to lateral, the abducent, facial and vestibulocochlear nerves Basilar part 基底部 ➢ Basilar sulcus 基底沟 Middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚 Trigeminal nerve 三叉神经
Superior colliculus 上丘 Constitute the centers for visual reflexes
Inferior colliculus 下丘 Associated with auditory pathway
Brachium of superior colliculus 上丘臂
➢ Inferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚
➢ Obex 闩
Upper portion: forms the lower half of rhomboid fossa 菱形窝
★ Ventral Surface of Pons
Bulbopontine sulcus 延髓脑桥沟