中考主谓一致及练习知识讲解
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中考主谓一致及练习
主谓一致及其精练
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致
1. 单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。例如: The desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。
Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。
The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。
2. many a+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。例如:
Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3. more than one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。例如:
More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
4. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。例如:
Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。
Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。
Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。
Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。
5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。例如:
Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。
6. one and a half+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:
One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。
7. 动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:
To see is to believe 眼见为实。
Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。
8. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:
A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。
9. 主语为某些词组,如one of , each of, every one of, any one of , none of 等加复数名词或代词,谓
语用单数。如:One of my favorite sports is basketball.
10. “定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时,谓语一般用复数。
The Smiths are having dinner.
11. people,police,cattle等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式,
The police are waiting for the boy.
12.不定代词
somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no
one,nothing作主语,谓语动词用单数,例如:
Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗?
Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。
Nobody was in. 没有人在家。
13. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:
Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。
Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。
14. 以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news, maths, physics等,例如:
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。
15. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;
Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。
16. a number of+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;the number of +复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:
A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。
The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。
17. 当kind of,pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时,谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。例如:
This pair of shoes is Tom’s. 这双鞋是汤姆的。
There are two glasses of wather on the table. 桌上有两杯水。
18. the+形容词表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式,表示抽象概念时,用单数形式。例如:
The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐,富人却过得不快乐。
The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。
19. 以here,there开关的句子,若主语在两个或两个以上,谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如:
There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书,三只钢笔。
Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。
20. or, either…or…,neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时,根据
就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如:
Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。
Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。
21 当主语部分含有with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,except,but,like等介词
或介词短语时,谓语动词由主语的单复数决定。例如:
Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。
Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。