药物依赖术语英汉对照
英汉药名关联词典V3
VePesid〖药品商品名〗凡毕⼠〖英⽂通⽤名〗Etoposide〖中⽂通⽤名〗依托泊苷 Vepeside〖药品商品名〗依托泊甙〖英⽂通⽤名〗Etoposide〖中⽂通⽤名〗依托泊苷 Veracillin〖英⽂通⽤名〗Dicloxacillin〖中⽂通⽤名〗双氯西林〖所属类别〗抗微⽣物药物/抗⽣素/青霉素类 Veradoline〖药品通⽤名〗维拉朵林〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/镇痛药 Veralipral〖英⽂通⽤名〗Veralipride〖中⽂通⽤名〗维拉必利〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗精神病药 Veralipride〖药品通⽤名〗维拉必利〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗精神病药 Veraloc〖英⽂通⽤名〗Verapamil〖中⽂通⽤名〗维拉帕⽶〖所属类别〗循环系统药物/钙拮抗药 Verapamil〖药品通⽤名〗维拉帕⽶〖所属类别〗循环系统药物/钙拮抗药 Verapamil Hydrochloride〖药品商品名〗盐酸维拉帕⽶〖英⽂通⽤名〗Verapamil〖中⽂通⽤名〗维拉帕⽶ Verapamil Hydrochloride Sustaind-release Capsules〖药品商品名〗盐酸维拉帕⽶缓释⽚〖英⽂通⽤名〗Verapamil〖中⽂通⽤名〗维拉帕⽶ Verapamil Hydrochloride Tablets〖药品商品名〗盐酸维拉帕⽶注射液〖英⽂通⽤名〗Verapamil〖中⽂通⽤名〗维拉帕⽶ Verapamilum〖英⽂通⽤名〗Verapamil〖中⽂通⽤名〗维拉帕⽶〖所属类别〗循环系统药物/钙拮抗药 Veratran〖英⽂通⽤名〗Clotiazepam〖中⽂通⽤名〗氯噻西泮〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/镇静药、催眠药及抗惊厥药/其它类 Verax〖英⽂通⽤名〗Benzydamine〖中⽂通⽤名〗苄达明〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/解热镇痛抗炎及抗痛风药/抗炎镇痛药 Verazide〖药品通⽤名〗维拉烟肼〖所属类别〗抗微⽣物药物/抗结核病药 Verbublen〖英⽂通⽤名〗Bleomycin〖中⽂通⽤名〗博来霉素〖所属类别〗抗肿瘤药物/抗肿瘤抗⽣素 Verecolene〖英⽂通⽤名〗Fencibutirol〖中⽂通⽤名〗芬西布醇〖所属类别〗消化系统药物/肝胆疾病辅助⽤药/利胆药 Vergentan〖英⽂通⽤名〗Alizapride〖中⽂通⽤名〗阿⽴必利〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗精神病药 Vergeturine〖药品商品名〗孕谊去纹膏 Verilopam〖药品通⽤名〗维⽴洛泮〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/镇痛药 Verlukast〖药品通⽤名〗维鲁司特〖所属类别〗抗变态反应药物/其它类 Vermirax〖英⽂通⽤名〗Mebendazole〖中⽂通⽤名〗甲苯达唑〖所属类别〗抗寄⽣⾍病药物/驱肠⾍药 Vermox〖药品商品名〗安乐⼠〖英⽂通⽤名〗Mebendazole〖中⽂通⽤名〗甲苯达唑 Vernamycin〖英⽂通⽤名〗Ostreogrycin〖中⽂通⽤名〗奥斯⽴星〖所属类别〗抗微⽣物药物/抗⽣素/其它抗菌抗⽣素 Verocainine〖药品通⽤名〗维罗卡宁〖所属类别〗循环系统药物/抗⼼律失常药 Verofylline〖药品通⽤名〗维罗茶碱〖所属类别〗呼吸系统药物/平喘药/磷酸⼆酯酶抑制剂 Veronal〖英⽂通⽤名〗Barbital〖中⽂通⽤名〗巴⽐妥〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/镇静药、催眠药及抗惊厥药/巴⽐妥类 Verorab〖药品商品名〗维尔博 Veroyte〖英⽂通⽤名〗Pipobroman〖中⽂通⽤名〗哌泊溴烷〖所属类别〗抗肿瘤药物/其它抗肿瘤药及辅助治疗药 Versapen〖英⽂通⽤名〗Hetacillin〖中⽂通⽤名〗海他西林〖所属类别〗抗微⽣物药物/抗⽣素/青霉素类 Versatrex〖英⽂通⽤名〗Hetacillin〖中⽂通⽤名〗海他西林〖所属类别〗抗微⽣物药物/抗⽣素/青霉素类 Versetamide〖药品通⽤名〗维塞胺〖所属类别〗其它药物/诊断⽤药/器官功能检查及其它诊断剂 Verstran〖英⽂通⽤名〗Prazepam〖中⽂通⽤名〗普拉西泮〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/镇静药、催眠药及抗惊厥药/其它类 Verteporfin〖药品通⽤名〗维替泊芬 Verton〖英⽂通⽤名〗Chlormadinone〖中⽂通⽤名〗氯地孕酮〖所属类别〗激素及有关药物/性激素及促性激素/孕激素类 Vesanold〖药品商品名〗罗复⽣〖英⽂通⽤名〗Vitamin A〖中⽂通⽤名〗维⽣素A Vesifluyl〖英⽂通⽤名〗Fenaftic Acid〖中⽂通⽤名〗⾮那夫酸〖所属类别〗消化系统药物/肝胆疾病辅助⽤药/利胆药 Vesnarinone〖药品通⽤名〗维司⼒农〖所属类别〗循环系统药物/治疗慢性⼼功能不全的药物 Vesperone〖英⽂通⽤名〗Brallobarbital〖中⽂通⽤名〗溴烯⽐妥〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/镇静药、催眠药及抗惊厥药/巴⽐妥类 Vesprin〖药品商品名〗施必林〖英⽂通⽤名〗Triflupromazine〖中⽂通⽤名〗三氟丙嗪 Vessel Due F〖药品商品名〗伟素 Vetame〖英⽂通⽤名〗Triflupromazine〖中⽂通⽤名〗三氟丙嗪〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗精神病药 Vetrabutine〖药品通⽤名〗维曲布汀〖所属类别〗⽣殖系统药物及泌乳功能药物/促进⼦宫成熟的药物 Vexol〖英⽂通⽤名〗Rimexolone〖中⽂通⽤名〗利美索龙〖所属类别〗激素及有关药物/肾上腺⽪质激素及促肾上腺⽪质激素 Viaductor〖英⽂通⽤名〗Lorajmine〖中⽂通⽤名〗劳拉义明〖所属类别〗循环系统药物/抗⼼律失常药 Viagra〖中⽂商品名〗万艾可〖英⽂商品名〗Viagra〖中⽂通⽤名〗枸橼酸西地那⾮⽚〖英⽂通⽤名〗Sildenafil Citrate Tablets Vialibran〖英⽂通⽤名〗Medibazine〖中⽂通⽤名〗美地巴嗪〖所属类别〗循环系统药物/防治⼼绞痛药 Viaminate〖药品通⽤名〗维胺酯〖所属类别〗各临床科室备⽤药物/⽪肤科⽤药 Viaminati Capsules〖药品商品名〗维胺酯胶丸〖英⽂通⽤名〗Viaminate〖中⽂通⽤名〗维胺酯 Viarespan〖英⽂通⽤名〗Fenspiride〖中⽂通⽤名〗芬司匹利〖所属类别〗呼吸系统药物/平喘药/β肾上腺素受体激动剂 Viartril-S〖药品商品名〗维⾻⼒〖英⽂通⽤名〗Glucosamine〖中⽂通⽤名〗氨基葡萄糖 Vibazine〖英⽂通⽤名〗Buclizine〖中⽂通⽤名〗布克⼒嗪〖所属类别〗抗变态反应药物/抗组胺药 Vibramycin〖药品商品名〗伟霸霉素〖英⽂通⽤名〗Doxycycline〖中⽂通⽤名〗多西环素 Vical〖英⽂通⽤名〗Calcium Gluconate〖中⽂通⽤名〗葡萄糖酸钙〖所属类别〗调节⽔、电解质及酸碱平衡⽤药/电解质平衡调节药 Vicemycetin〖药品商品名〗赛美欣〖英⽂通⽤名〗Thiamphenicol〖中⽂通⽤名〗甲砜霉素 Vicilan〖英⽂通⽤名〗Viloxazine〖中⽂通⽤名〗维洛沙秦〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗躁狂抑郁症药/抗抑郁症药 Viclan〖英⽂通⽤名〗Ethyl Loflazepate〖中⽂通⽤名〗氯氟卓⼄酯〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗焦虑药 Victan〖英⽂通⽤名〗Ethyl Loflazepate〖中⽂通⽤名〗氯氟卓⼄酯〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗焦虑药 Victum〖英⽂通⽤名〗Ethyl Loflazepate〖中⽂通⽤名〗氯氟卓⼄酯〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗焦虑药 Victum〖英⽂通⽤名〗Ethyl Loflazepate〖中⽂通⽤名〗氯氟卓⼄酯〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗焦虑药 Vidarabine〖药品通⽤名〗阿糖腺苷〖所属类别〗抗微⽣物药物/抗病毒药 Vidarabine Monophosphate for Injection〖药品商品名〗注射⽤单磷酸阿糖腺苷〖英⽂通⽤名〗Vidarabine〖中⽂通⽤名〗阿糖腺苷 Vidaylin〖药品商品名〗维他灵 Videx〖药品商品名〗惠妥滋〖英⽂通⽤名〗Didanosine〖中⽂通⽤名〗去羟肌苷 Vietnamese Sophora Root〖中⽂名〗⼭⾖根〖拼⾳〗Shandougen〖拉丁名〗Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis Vigabatrin〖药品通⽤名〗氨⼰烯酸〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗癫痫药 Vigigan〖英⽂通⽤名〗Mequitazine〖中⽂通⽤名〗美喹他嗪〖所属类别〗抗变态反应药物/抗组胺药 Vilexin〖英⽂通⽤名〗Fenyramidol〖中⽂通⽤名〗⾮尼拉朵〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/镇痛药 Villous Amomum Fruit〖中⽂名〗砂仁〖拼⾳〗Sharen〖拉丁名〗Fructrs Amomi Viloksan〖英⽂通⽤名〗Viloxazine〖中⽂通⽤名〗维洛沙秦〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗躁狂抑郁症药/抗抑郁症药 Viloxazine〖药品通⽤名〗维洛沙秦〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗躁狂抑郁症药/抗抑郁症药 Viloxazine Hydrochloride〖英⽂通⽤名〗Viloxazine〖中⽂通⽤名〗维洛沙秦〖所属类别〗中枢神经系统药物/抗精神失常药/抗躁狂抑郁症药/抗抑郁症药 Vimicon〖英⽂通⽤名〗Cyproheptadine〖中⽂通⽤名〗赛庚啶〖所属类别〗抗变态反应药物/抗组胺药。
药理学常考词汇中英文对照
Drug 药物Pharmacology 药理学Pharmacodynamics 药效学Pharmacokinetics 药动学Simple diffusion 简单扩散Ion trapping 离子障Absorption 吸收First pass elimination 首过消除Distribution 分布Blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障Metabolism 代谢Hepatic drug enzyme 肝药酶Enzyme inducing agent 酶诱导剂Enzyme inhibitory agent 酶抑制剂Excretion 排泄Enterohepatic circulation 肠肝循环Compartment model 房室模型First order elimination kinetics 一级动力学消除Zero order elimination kinetics 零级动力学消除Area under curve 曲线下面积Steady-state concentration 稳态浓度Loading dose 负荷剂量Maintenance dose 维持量Half-life 半衰期Clearance 清除率Volume of distribution 表观分布容积Bioavailability 生物利用度Drug action 药物作用Pharmacological effect 药理效应Excitation 兴奋Inhibition 抑制Selectivity 选择性Therapeutic effect 治疗效果Etiological treatment 对因治疗Symptomatic treatment 对症治疗Supplementary therapy 补充治疗Adverse drug reaction 不良反应Side reaction 副作用Toxic reaction 毒性反应Residual reaction 后遗效应Withdrawal reaction 停药反应Allergic reaction 过敏反应Idiosyncrasy reaction 特异质反应Secondary reaction 继发反应Dependence 依赖性Dose-effect relationship 量效关系Graded response 量反应Quantal response 质反应Efficacy 效能Potency 效价强度Individual variability 个体差异Median effective dose, ED50半数有效量Median lethal dose, LD50半数致死量Margin of safety安全范围Therapeutic index (TI) 治疗指数Receptor 受体Ligand 配体Agonist 激动剂Full agonist 完全激动剂Partial agonist 部分激动剂Antagonist 拮抗剂Competitive antagonist 竞争性拮抗剂Noncompetitive antagonist 非竞争性拮抗剂Occupation theory 占领学说Intrinsic activity 内在活性Affinity 亲和力Spare receptor 储备受体Silent receptor 沉默受体Down regulation 受体下调Up regulation 受体上调Incompatibility 配伍禁忌Synergism 协同作用Antagonism 拮抗作用Placebo 安慰剂Tolerance 耐受性drug resistance 抗药性pilocarpine 毛果云香硷neostigmine 新斯的明atropine 阿托品anisodamine 山莨菪碱scopolamine 东莨菪碱.noradrenaline 去甲肾上腺素adrnaline 肾上腺素dopamine 多巴胺isoproterenol 异丙肾上腺素phentolamine 酚妥拉明diazepam 地西泮phenytoin sodium 苯妥英钠L-dopa 左旋多巴Chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪Morphine 吗啡pathidine，dolantin 哌替啶，杜冷丁aspirin 阿司匹林quinidine 奎尼丁procainamide 普鲁卡应胺lidocaine 利多卡因propranolol 普萘洛尔amiodarone 胺碘酮verapamil 维拉帕米captopril 卡托普利losartan 氯沙坦hydrochloroththiazide 氢氯噻嗪nifedipine 硝苯地平clonidine 可乐定sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠prazosin 哌唑嗪mecamylamine 美加明glucocorticoids 糖皮质激素.cardiac glycoside 强心苷digoxin 地高辛insulin 胰岛素chemotherapy 化疗antibacterial spectrum 抗菌谱antibacterial agents 抗菌药物antibiotics 抗生素superinfections 二重感染penicillin G 青霉素erythromycin 红霉素streptomycin 链霉素tetracycline 四环素chloramphenicol 氯霉素norfloxacin 诺氟沙星SMZ+TMP 复方新诺明。
药物依赖性词汇英译汉
Aabstainer 戒断者abstinence 撤药abstinence syndrome 戒断综合征abuse 滥用abuse liability 滥用倾向abuse potential 滥用潜力acid [俚]大麻acoasma 幻听acolasia 放纵acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）acute alcoholism 急性酒精中毒acute intoxication 急性中毒acute withdrawal syndrome 急性戒断综合征addict 成瘾者addiction 成瘾addiction medicine 成瘾性药addiction prone personality 依赖性倾向人格addictionologist 成瘾性研究者addictive 成瘾的addictive personality 成瘾个性adverse drug reaction 药物不良反应affion (offium) 烟土afyuni 阿芙蓉（鸦片）agonist 激动剂agrypnia 失眠alcohol abstinence 酒戒断alcohol abuse 酒滥用alcohol dependence syndrome 酒依赖综合征alcohol intoxication 酒中毒alcohol preference 酒精偏爱alcohol tolerance 酒耐受alcohol withdrawal 酒戒断alcoholic personality 酗酒者人格Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) 戒酒者协会alcoholics 酗酒者alcoholism 酒精中毒alcoholophilia 酒癖alcoholtherapy 酒精疗法algesia (algesthesia) 痛觉algesic (algetic) 疼痛的algid sudor 冷汗alienation 精神错乱amphetamine 苯丙胺amphetamine psychosis 苯丙胺性精神障碍analgesic activity 镇痛作用analgesic agent 镇痛剂analgesic drug 止痛药analgesics 镇痛剂anesthetics 麻醉剂animal model 动物模型antagonist 拮抗剂antianxiety agent 抗焦虑剂antisocial personality 反社会人格anxiety 焦虑apathy 情感淡漠ataractics 安定药ataxia 运动失调Bbarbiturates 巴比妥类behavior psychology 行为心理学benzodiazepines 苯二氮卓类buprenorphine 丁丙诺啡Ccalmodulin 钙调节蛋白，钙调素cannabin 大麻酯cannabine 大麻碱cannabinol 大麻酚cannabis 大麻，大麻类cannabism 大麻中毒center of reward 奖赏中枢central excitatory mechanism 中枢兴奋机制charas [俚]大麻charley [俚]可卡因chasing dragon [俚]追龙（烫吸方式）chicken powder [俚]苯丙胺或与之相关物质chief [俚]麦角酰二乙胺Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment (CINA scale) 临床麻醉药品评估量表coca 古柯coca alkaloids 古柯生物碱coca leaf 古柯叶coca paste 古柯糊cocaine 古柯碱，可卡因cocaine base 可卡因碱cocaine hydrochloride 盐酸可卡因cocaine psychosis 可卡因性精神病cocaines 可卡因类cocainidine 甲基可卡因cocainomaniac 可卡因成瘾者cockstailytic 抗植物神经合剂，冬眠合剂codeine 可待因codependence 协同依赖性coffein 咖啡滥用，咖啡中毒cokane(in my brain) [俚]可卡因coke [俚]可卡因cold turkey 冷火鸡coma 昏迷Commission on Narcotic Drugs(CND) 联合国麻醉药品委员会concentrate of poppy straw 罂粟秆浓缩物conditioned place preference 条件性位置偏爱corediastasis(corodiastasis) 瞳孔扩大craving 渴求crystal [俚]结晶（指高纯度甲基苯丙胺或右旋甲基苯丙胺）DDAYTOP village 日顶村（1963年纽约创建的戒毒单位）demographic characteristics 人口学特征dependence potential 依赖性潜力dependence syndrome 依赖性综合征dependence treatment 依赖性治疗dependence-producing drug 致依赖性药物dependence-producing property 依赖性特性dependency 依赖性designer drug 策划药detection 监测detoxification 脱毒，戒毒治疗detoxification center 戒毒中心discrimination 辨别discriminatiin box 辨别箱discrimination training 辨别训练dizziness 头晕dopamine(DA) 多巴胺drug abuse 药物滥用drug abuse pattern 药物滥用方式drug addiction 药物成瘾性drug control 禁毒，药物控制drug dependence 药物依赖性drug determination 药物测定drug discrimination (DD) 药物辨别drug epidemiology 药物流行病学drug free 摆脱吸毒drug habit 药物成瘾drug induced hallucination 服药幻觉drug intoxication 药物中毒drug misuse 药物误用drug monitoring 药物监控drug of psychedelic 致幻剂drug overdose 药物过量drug policy 药品政策drug potency 药物作用强度drug problem 毒品问题drug receptor binding 药物受体结合drug resistance 耐药性drug safety 药物安全性drug surveillance 药物监测drug testing 药物检测drug tolerance 药物耐受性drug urinalysis 药物尿分析drug withdrawal 药物戒断drug-admixed food method 药掺食法drug-seeking behavior 觅药行为drug-wise training 抗毒锦囊训练drugged [俚]掺麻醉，吸毒成瘾drug act 毒品条例drunken 酗酒dry mouth 口干dual personality 双重人格dynorphin 强啡呔dyscinesia (dyskinesia) 运动障碍dyscoimesis(dyskoimesis) 睡眠困难dysfunction 机能障碍dysphoria 烦躁不安，焦虑dyspnea 呼吸困难dyssomnia 睡眠障碍dystaxia 共济失调dysthesia 烦躁dysthymia disorders 抑郁症dystrophia(dystrophy) 营养不良dystropy 行为异常Enecephalin 脑啡肽endogenous opiate 内源性阿片endogenous opioid peptides 内阿片肽endorphin 内啡肽epidemiology 流行病学epidemiology survey 流行病学调查epidural injection 硬膜外注射euphoria 欣快euphoriant effect 欣快效应euphoric behavior 欢乐行为excessive drinking 过度饮酒excitoacceleratory 兴奋加速的excitoinhibitory 抑制兴奋的Ffloaty euphoria 飘飘然，欣快感follow up 随访follow-up study 随访研究，追踪研究Ggage [俚]大麻ganja [俚]大麻ganjah 大麻Golden Crescent 金新月Golden Triangle 金三角goose flesh 鸡皮疙瘩group psychotherapy 集体心理治疗group regulation 集体调节Hhallucination 幻觉hallucinogen 致幻剂hallucinogenic drug 致幻剂hash [俚]大麻hashish 大麻，大麻树脂hashishin 大麻瘾者hashishism 大麻瘾heavy drinking 酗酒heavy smoker 重度吸烟者hepatitis 肝炎herb [俚]大麻herd susceptibility 人群易感性heroin(diacetylmorphine) 海洛因high risk population 高危人群hyoscine 东莨菪碱Iillicit drug 非法药物illicit trafficking 非法贩运illusion 幻觉immunoassay kit 免疫试剂盒infection 传染inhalant 吸入剂intervention 干预intoxication 中毒intravenous injection 静脉注射invasion 发病investigation 调查Jjunkies 吸毒者juvenile delinquency 少年犯罪Kketamine 氯胺酮Llysergic acid diethylanide (LSD) 麦角二乙胺（致幻剂）M3-4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA) 亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺maintenance program 维持治疗计划maintenance therapy 维持疗法marihuana(marijuana) 大麻mecon 鸦片methadone 美沙酮methadone maintenance 美沙酮维持methadone treatment 美沙酮治疗methamphetamine N-甲基苯丙胺method of abstention 戒毒法method of administration 给药途径methyl amphetamine 甲基苯丙胺misuse 误用monitoring 监测morphine 吗啡morphine hydrochloride 盐酸吗啡multiple drug abuse 多药滥用Nnaloxone 纳洛酮naltrexone 纳曲酮narcotic analgesic agent 麻醉性止痛药narcotic antagonist 麻醉药品拮抗剂narcotic dependence 麻醉药依赖narcotics 麻醉药narcotics addiction 麻醉药成瘾Narcotics Anonymous (NA) 麻醉药品滥用者互助协会（戒毒会）needle sharing 共用针头needle track 注射斑痕neurological susceptibility 易感性nicotiana tabacum 烟草nicotine 尼古丁，烟碱nicotine gum 尼古丁胶姆糖nicotinism 尼古丁中毒nonopioid analgesic 非阿片类镇痛药Oopiates 阿片类opioid receptor 阿片类受体opium 阿片opium powder 阿片粉opium-addiction(opiumism) 阿片成瘾Ppapaveracease 罂粟科papaverine 罂粟碱papaveris capsular 罂粟壳paregorism 阿片瘾passive smoking 被动吸烟per os 口服pharmacodynamic tolerance 药效耐受性pharmacokinetics 药代动力学pharmacological dependence 药物依赖pharmacology 药理学physical dependence 身体依赖physical withdrawal 躯体戒断physiological dependence 身体依赖（生理依赖）place preference 位置偏爱实验poppy shell 罂粟壳powdered opium 阿片粉剂prevention 预防primary prevention 初级预防，一级预防protracted opioid abstinence syndrome 阿片戒断综合征protracted syndrome 稽延性症状psychoactive substance abuse 精神活性物质滥用psychotherapeutics 精神治疗，心理治疗psychotherapy 心理治疗pupillary dilation 瞳孔扩大Rrelapse 复吸relapse prevention 预防复吸reward center 奖赏中枢reward system 奖赏系统reward effect 奖赏效应route of administration 用药途径route of transmission 传播途径Ssmoke 吸烟smokeless tobacco 无烟烟草smoker 吸烟者smoking cessation 戒烟sniffing glue 嗅胶snort 鼻吸social interaction 社会干预soft drug 软性毒品solvent abuse 溶媒滥用solvent inhalation 溶媒吸入剂solvents 溶剂stimulant 兴奋剂streat drug 市售药[毒]品street drug user 街头吸毒者street heroin 市售海洛因street huffer 街头溶剂滥用者street junkie 吸毒者substance(drug)-seeking behavior 觅药行为syndrome 综合征Ttabacco 烟草tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) 四氢大麻酚Therapeutic Community(TC) 治疗集体thin layer chromatography（TLC) 薄层色谱法tobacco dependence 烟草依赖性tobacco smoke 吸烟tobacco withdrawal 烟草戒断tobaccoism 烟草中毒tolerance 耐受性toxicity 毒性toxicology 毒理学toxicomania 毒物瘾transmission of infection 感染传播Vvolatile solvent 挥发性溶剂volatile substance 挥发性物质volunteer 志愿者vomiting(vomition) 呕吐Wwithdrawal 撤药，戒断withdrawal syndrome 戒断综合征Yyoung offender 青少年犯罪Zzen [俚]麦角二乙胺（2）阿芙蓉（鸦片）afyuni阿片opium阿片成瘾opium-addiction(opiumism)阿片粉opium powder阿片粉剂powdered opium阿片戒断综合征protracted opioid abstinence syndrome阿片类opiates阿片类受体opioid receptor阿片瘾paregorism安定药ataractics巴比妥类barbiturates摆脱吸毒drug free被动吸烟passive smoking苯丙胺amphetamine[俚]苯丙胺或与之相关物质chicken powder苯丙胺性精神障碍amphetamine psychosis苯二氮卓类benzodiazepines鼻吸snort辨别discrimination辨别箱discriminatiin box辨别训练discrimination training薄层色谱法thin layer chromatography（TLC)策划药designer drug撤药abstinence撤药，戒断withdrawal成瘾addiction成瘾的addictive成瘾个性addictive personality成瘾性研究者addictionologist成瘾性药addiction medicine成瘾者addict初级预防，一级预防primary prevention传播途径route of transmission传染infection[俚]大麻charas[俚]大麻gage[俚]大麻ganja[俚]大麻hash[俚]大麻herb[俚]大麻acid大麻ganjah大麻marihuana(marijuana)大麻，大麻类cannabis大麻，大麻树脂hashish大麻酚cannabinol大麻碱cannabine大麻瘾hashishism大麻瘾者hashishin大麻酯cannabin大麻中毒cannabism调查investigation丁丙诺啡buprenorphine东莨菪碱hyoscine动物模型animal model毒理学toxicology毒品条例drug act毒品问题drug problem毒物瘾toxicomania毒性toxicity多巴胺dopamine(DA)多药滥用multiple drug abuse发病invasion烦躁dysthesia烦躁不安，焦虑dysphoria反社会人格antisocial personality放纵acolasia非阿片类镇痛药nonopioid analgesic非法贩运illicit trafficking非法药物illicit drug服药幻觉drug induced hallucination复吸relapse钙调节蛋白，钙调素calmodulin干预intervention肝炎hepatitis感染传播transmission of infection高危人群high risk population给药途径method of administration共济失调dystaxia共用针头needle sharing古柯coca古柯糊coca paste古柯碱，可卡因cocaine古柯生物碱coca alkaloids古柯叶coca leaf过度饮酒excessive drinking海洛因heroin(diacetylmorphine)呼吸困难dyspnea欢乐行为euphoric behavior幻觉hallucination幻觉illusion幻听acoasma挥发性溶剂volatile solvent挥发性物质volatile substance昏迷coma获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)机能障碍dysfunction鸡皮疙瘩goose flesh稽延性症状protracted syndrome激动剂agonist急性戒断综合征acute withdrawal syndrome急性酒精中毒acute alcoholism急性中毒acute intoxication集体调节group regulation集体心理治疗group psychotherapyN-甲基苯丙胺methamphetamine甲基苯丙胺methyl amphetamine甲基可卡因cocainidine监测detection监测monitoring奖赏系统reward system奖赏效应reward effect奖赏中枢center of reward奖赏中枢reward center焦虑anxiety街头溶剂滥用者street huffer街头吸毒者street drug user拮抗剂antagonist戒毒法method of abstention戒毒中心detoxification center戒断者abstainer戒断综合征abstinence syndrome戒断综合征withdrawal syndrome[俚]结晶（指高纯度甲基苯丙胺或右旋甲基苯丙胺）crystal戒酒者协会Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)戒烟smoking cessation金三角Golden Triangle金新月Golden Crescent禁毒，药物控制drug control精神错乱alienation精神活性物质滥用psychoactive substance abuse精神治疗，心理治疗psychotherapeutics静脉注射intravenous injection酒戒断alcohol abstinence酒戒断alcohol withdrawal酒精疗法alcoholtherapy酒精偏爱alcohol preference酒精中毒alcoholism酒滥用alcohol abuse酒耐受alcohol tolerance酒癖alcoholophilia酒依赖综合征alcohol dependence syndrome酒中毒alcohol intoxication咖啡滥用，咖啡中毒coffein抗毒锦囊训练drug-wise training抗焦虑剂antianxiety agent抗植物神经合剂，冬眠合剂cockstailytic可待因codeine可卡因cocaine [俚]可卡因charley[俚]可卡因cokane(in my brain)[俚]可卡因coke可卡因成瘾者cocainomaniac可卡因碱cocaine base可卡因类cocaines可卡因性精神病cocaine psychosis渴求craving口服per os口干dry mouth滥用abuse滥用潜力abuse potential滥用倾向abuse liability冷汗algid sudor冷火鸡cold turkey联合国麻醉药品委员会Commission on Narcotic Drugs(CND)临床麻醉药品评估量表Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment (CINA scale)流行病学epidemiology流行病学调查epidemiology survey氯胺酮ketamine麻醉剂anesthetics麻醉性止痛药narcotic analgesic agent麻醉药narcotics麻醉药成瘾narcotics addiction麻醉药品拮抗剂narcotic antagonist麻醉药品滥用者互助协会（戒毒会）Narcotics Anonymous (NA)麻醉药依赖narcotic dependence吗啡morphine[俚]麦角二乙胺zen麦角二乙胺（致幻剂）lysergic acid diethylanide (LSD)[俚]麦角酰二乙胺chief美沙酮methadone美沙酮维持methadone maintenance美沙酮治疗methadone treatment觅药行为drug-seeking behavior觅药行为substance(drug)-seeking behavior免疫试剂盒immunoassay kit内阿片肽endogenous opioid peptides内啡肽endorphin内源性阿片endogenous opiate纳洛酮naloxone纳曲酮naltrexone耐受性tolerance耐药性drug resistance脑啡肽necephalin尼古丁，烟碱nicotine尼古丁胶姆糖nicotine gum尼古丁中毒nicotinism呕吐vomiting(vomition)飘飘然，欣快感floaty euphoria强啡呔dynorphin青少年犯罪young offender情感淡漠apathy躯体戒断physical withdrawal人口学特征demographic characteristics人群易感性herd susceptibility日顶村（1963年纽约创建的戒毒单位）DAYTOP village溶剂solvents溶媒滥用solvent abuse溶媒吸入剂solvent inhalation软性毒品soft drug少年犯罪juvenile delinquency社会干预social interaction身体依赖physical dependence身体依赖（生理依赖）physiological dependence失眠agrypnia市售海洛因street heroin市售药[毒]品streat drug双重人格dual personality睡眠困难dyscoimesis(dyskoimesis)睡眠障碍dyssomnia四氢大麻酚tetrahydrocannabinol(THC)随访follow up随访研究，追踪研究follow-up study疼痛的algesic (algetic)条件性位置偏爱conditioned place preference瞳孔扩大corediastasis(corodiastasis)瞳孔扩大pupillary dilation痛觉algesia (algesthesia)头晕dizziness脱毒，戒毒治疗detoxification维持疗法maintenance therapy维持治疗计划maintenance program位置偏爱实验place preference无烟烟草smokeless tobacco误用misuse吸毒者junkies吸毒者street junkie吸入剂inhalant吸烟smoke吸烟tobacco smoke吸烟者smoker协同依赖性codependence心理治疗psychotherapy欣快euphoria欣快效应euphoriant effect兴奋剂stimulant兴奋加速的excitoacceleratory行为心理学behavior psychology行为异常dystropy酗酒drunken酗酒heavy drinking酗酒者alcoholics酗酒者人格alcoholic personality嗅胶sniffing glue鸦片mecon亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺3-4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA)烟草nicotiana tabacum烟草tabacco烟草戒断tobacco withdrawal烟草依赖性tobacco dependence烟草中毒tobaccoism烟土affion (offium)盐酸可卡因cocaine hydrochloride盐酸吗啡morphine hydrochloride药掺食法drug-admixed food method药代动力学pharmacokinetics药理学pharmacology药品政策drug policy药物安全性drug safety药物辨别drug discrimination (DD)药物不良反应adverse drug reaction药物测定drug determination药物成瘾drug habit药物成瘾性drug addiction药物过量drug overdose药物监测drug surveillance药物监控drug monitoring药物检测drug testing药物戒断drug withdrawal药物滥用drug abuse药物滥用方式drug abuse pattern药物流行病学drug epidemiology药物耐受性drug tolerance药物尿分析drug urinalysis药物受体结合drug receptor binding药物误用drug misuse药物依赖pharmacological dependence药物依赖性drug dependence药物中毒drug intoxication药物作用强度drug potency药效耐受性pharmacodynamic tolerance依赖性dependency依赖性潜力dependence potential依赖性倾向人格addiction prone personality依赖性特性dependence-producing property依赖性治疗dependence treatment依赖性综合征dependence syndrome抑郁症dysthymia disorders抑制兴奋的excitoinhibitory易感性neurological susceptibility罂粟秆浓缩物concentrate of poppy straw罂粟碱papaverine罂粟科papaveracease罂粟壳papaveris capsular罂粟壳poppy shell营养不良dystrophia(dystrophy)硬膜外注射epidural injection用药途径route of administration预防prevention预防复吸relapse prevention运动失调ataxia运动障碍dyscinesia (dyskinesia)镇痛剂analgesic agent镇痛剂analgesics镇痛作用analgesic activity止痛药analgesic drug志愿者volunteer治疗集体Therapeutic Community(TC)致幻剂drug of psychedelic致幻剂hallucinogen致幻剂hallucinogenic drug致依赖性药物dependence-producing drug中毒intoxication中枢兴奋机制central excitatory mechanism 重度吸烟者heavy smoker[俚]追龙（烫吸方式）chasing dragon注射斑痕needle 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药理学专业词汇中英文对照
药理学专业词汇（中英文对照）第一章绪论药理学 pharmacology药物 drug药物效应动力学 pharmacodynamics药物代谢动力学 pharmacokinetics上市后药物监测 post-marketing surveillance第二章药物效应动力学药物作用 pharmacological action药理效应 pharmacological effect治疗作用 therapeutic effect对症治疗 symptomatic treatment补充疗法 supplement therapy不良反应 adverse drug reaction副作用 side reaction毒性反应 toxic reaction后遗效应 after effect变态反应 allergic reaction剂量-效应关系 dose-effect relationship最小有效量 minimal effective dose最小有效浓度 minimal effective concentration个体差异 individual variability效价强度 potency构效关系 structure activity relationship激动药 agonist拮抗药 antagonist配体门控离子通道受体 ligand gated ion channel receptor第三章药物代谢动力学吸收 absorption首关消除 first-pass elimination静脉注射 intravenous injection分布 distribution生物转化 biotransformation排泄 excretion时量关系 time-concentration relationship生物利用度 bioavailability药物消除动力学过程 elimination kinetic process一级消除动力学 first-order elimination kinetics零级消除动力学 zero-order elimination kinetics半衰期 half-life表观分布容积 apparent volume of distribution总体清除率 total body clearance稳态浓度 steady-state concentration第四章影响药物效应的因素和合理用药的原则控释剂 controlled release formulation缓释剂 slow release formulation耐受性 tolerance耐药性 resistance药物依赖性 drug dependence相互作用 interaction配伍禁忌 incompatibility协同 synergism拮抗 antagonism第五章自主神经系统药理总论运动神经 somatic motor nervous system自主神经 autonomic nervous system胆碱能神经 cholinergic nerve去甲肾上腺素能神经 noradrenergic nerve乙酰胆碱 acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯酶 acetylcholinesterase摄取 uptake单胺氧化酶 mono-amine oxidase儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶 catechol-O-methyl transferase第六章胆碱受体激动药毛果芸香碱 pilocarpine烟碱 nicotine第七章抗胆碱酯酶药及胆碱酯酶复活药抗胆碱酯酶药 anticholinesterase agents胆碱酯酶复活药 cholinesterase reactivator新斯的明 neostigmine有机磷酸酯类 organophosphate碘解磷定 pralidoxime iodine第八章 M胆碱受体阻断药阿托品 atropine山莨菪碱 anisodamine东莨菪碱 scopolamine第九章 N胆碱受体阻断药琥珀胆碱 suxamethonium筒箭毒碱 d-tubocurarine第十章肾上腺素受体激动药去甲肾上腺素 noradrenaline肾上腺素 adrenaline多巴胺 dopamine异丙肾上腺素 isoprenaline第十一章肾上腺素受体阻断药肾上腺素受体阻断药 adrenoceptor blocking drugs酚妥拉明 phentolamine肾上腺素作用翻转 adrenaline reversal酚苄明 phenoxybenzamine哌唑嗪 prazosin普萘洛尔 propranolol第十二章局部麻醉药表面麻醉 suiface anesthesia浸润麻醉 infiltration anesthesia传导麻醉 conduction anesthesia蛛网膜下腔麻醉 subarachnoidal anesthesia利多卡因 lidocaine普鲁卡因 procaine丁卡因 tetracaine第十三章全身麻醉药吸入麻醉药 inhalational anesthetics氟烷 halothane静脉麻醉 intravenous anesthetics硫喷妥钠 thiopental sodium诱导麻醉 induction of anesthesia第十四章镇静催眠药地西泮 Diazepam氯氮卓 Chlordiazepoxide奥沙西泮 Oxazepam硝西泮 Nitrazepam艾司唑仑 Estazolam苯巴比妥 Phenobarbital水合氯醛 Chloral hydrate第十五章抗癫痫药和抗惊厥药抗癫痫药 antiepileptic drugs苯妥英钠 sodium phenytoin苯巴比妥 phenobarbital扑米酮 primidone乙琥胺 ethosuximide苯二氮卓类 benzodiazepine卡马西平 carbamazepine丙戊酸钠 sodium valproate硫酸镁 magnesium sulfate第十六章抗中枢退行性疾病药左旋多巴 levodopa, L-dopa卡比多巴 Carbidopa司来吉米 Selegiline硝替卡朋 Nitecapone第十七章抗精神失常药抗精神病药 antipsychotic drugs抗躁狂药 antimanic drugs抗抑郁药 antidepressive drugs抗焦虑药 antianxiety drugs吩噻嗪类 phenothiazines硫杂蒽类 thioxanthenes丁酰苯类 butyrophenones氯丙嗪 chlorpromazine氯氮平 clozapine碳酸锂 lithium carbonate丙米嗪 imipramine第十八章镇痛药阿片 opium吗啡 morphine哌替啶 pethidine美沙酮 methadone喷他佐辛 pentazocine芬太尼 fentanyl第十九章解热镇痛抗炎药解热镇痛抗炎药 antipyretic，analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs 非甾体抗炎药 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs花生四烯酸 arachidonic acid阿司匹林 aspirin非那西丁 phenacetin乙酰氨基酚 paracetamol保泰松 phenylbutazone吲哚美辛 indomethacin布洛芬 brufen别嘌醇 allopurinol丙磺舒 probenecid秋水仙碱 colchicines第二十章抗变态反应药组胺 histamine抗组胺药 antihistamines苯海拉明 diphenhydramine异丙嗪 promethazine阿司咪唑 astemizole西咪替丁 cimetidine雷尼替丁 ranitidine5-羟色胺 5-hydroxytryptamine酮色林 ketanserin昂丹司琼 ondansetron第二十一章钙拮抗药钙拮抗药 calcium antagonists电压依赖性钙通道 voltage dependent Ca2+ channels受体调控性钙通道 receptor-operated Ca2+ channels第二信使活化钙通道 second messenger operated Ca2+ channels 机械活化钙通道 mechanically operated Ca2+ channels硝苯地平 nifedipine尼群地平 nitrendipine地尔硫卓 diltiazem维拉帕米 verapamil第二十二章肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统肾素 rennin血管紧张素原 angiotensinogen血管紧张素转化酶 angiotensin converting enzyme血管紧张素肽 angiotensin peptides血管紧张素受体 angiotensin receptor卡托普利 captopril依那普利 enalapril雷米普利 ramipril第二十三章抗心律失常药心律失常 arrhythmias奎尼丁 Quinidine利多卡因 Lidocaine普罗帕酮 Propafenone胺碘酮 Amiodarone维拉帕米 Verapamil致心律失常作用 proarrhythmia，arrhythmogenesis第二十四章抗慢性心功能不全药卡托普利 Captopril氯沙坦 Losartar美托洛尔 metoprolol卡维地洛 carvedilol地高辛 Digoxin米力农 Milrinone维司力农 vesnarinone第二十五章抗心绞痛药心绞痛 angina pectoris硝酸甘油 nitroglycerin硝酸异山梨酯 isosobide dinitrater戊四硝酯 pentaerythrityl tetranitrate普萘洛尔 propranolol硝苯地平 nifedipine维拉帕米 verapamil地尔硫卓 diltiazem卡维地洛 carvedilol第二十六章调血脂药与抗动脉粥样硬化药胆固醇 cholesterol三酰甘油 triglyceride磷脂 phospholipid游离脂肪酸 free fatty acid胆固醇酯 cholesteryl ester游离胆固醇 free cholesterol总胆固醇 total cholesterol载脂蛋白 apoprotein脂蛋白 lipoprotein消胆胺 cholestyramine, cholesteramine resin烟酸 nicotinic acid普罗布考/丙丁酚 probucol多烯脂肪酸类 polyenoic fatty acids多不饱和脂肪酸类 polyunsaturated fatty acids二十碳五烯酸 eicosapentaenoic acid二十二碳六烯酸 docosahexaenoic acidα-亚麻酸α-linolenic acid亚油酸 linolenic acidγ-亚麻酸γ-linolenic acid月见草油 evening primrose oil亚油酸 linolenic acid硫酸乙酰肝素 heparan sulfate硫酸皮肤素 dermatan sulfate硫酸软骨素 chondroitin sulfate第二十七章抗高血压药个体化治疗方案 individualized therapy氢氯噻嗪 hydrochlorothiazide氨氯地平 amlodipine卡托普利 captopril氯沙坦 losartan可乐定 clonidine甲基多巴 methyldopa莫索尼定 moxonidine哌唑嗪 prazosin肼屈嗪 hydralazine米诺地尔 minoxidil二氮嗪 diazoxide硝普钠 sodium nitroprusside第二十八章利尿药及脱水药利尿药 diuresis drugs呋噻米 furosemide阿米洛利 amiloride螺内酯 spironolactone乙酰唑胺 acetazolamide氢氯噻嗪 hydrochlorothiazide氨苯蝶啶 triamterene第二十九章作用于血液和造血器官的药物肝素 heparin鱼精蛋白 protamin低分子量肝素 low molacular weight heparin伊诺肝素 enoxaparin水蛭素 lepirudin双香豆素 dicoumarin华法林 warfarin枸橼酸钠 sodium Citrate阿司匹林 aspirin利多格雷 ridogrel依前列醇 epoprostanol双嘧达莫 dipyridamole噻氯匹定 antigreg链激酶 streptokinase,SK阿替普酶 alteplase沙芦普酶 saruplase阿尼普酶 anistreplase右旋糖酐 dexran第三十章作用于呼吸系统的药物平喘药 antiasthmatic drugs镇咳药 antitussives祛痰药 expectorants倍氯米松 beclomethasone dipropionate布地奈德 budesonide曲安奈德 triamcinolone acetonide丙酸氟替卡松 fluticasone propionate氟尼缩松 flunisolide色甘酸钠 disodium cromoglycate曲尼司特 tranilast酮替芬 ketotifen奈多罗米钠 nedocromil sodium沙丁胺醇 salbutamol特布他林 terbutaline克仑特罗 clenbuterol氯丙那林 clorprenaline福莫特罗 formoterol沙美特罗 salmeterol氨茶碱 aminophylline二羟丙茶碱 diprophylline胆茶碱 cholinophylline多索茶碱 doxofylline茶碱 theophylline异丙托溴铵 ipratropium可待因 codeine右美沙芬 dextromethorphan喷托维林 pentoxyverine苯佐那酯 benzonatate苯丙哌林 benproperine氯化铵 ammonium chloride乙酰半胱氨酸 acetylcysteine溴己新 bromhexine第三十一章作用于消化系统的药物西咪替丁 cimetidine雷尼替丁 ranitidine法莫替丁 famotidine丙谷胺 proglumide哌仑西平 pirenzepine奥美拉唑 omeprazole硫糖铝 sucralfate三钾二枸橼酸铋 tripotassium dicitrate bismuthate昂丹司琼 ondansetron苯海拉明 diphenhydramine东莨菪碱 scopolamine氯丙嗪 chloropromazine甲氧氯普胺 metoclopramide多潘立酮 domperidone西沙必利 cisapride硫酸镁 magnesium sulfate硫酸钠 sodium sulfate乳果糖 lactulose酚酞 phenolphthalein比沙可啶 bisacodyl液体石腊 liquid paraffin甘油 glycerin地芬诺酯 diphenoxylate洛哌丁胺 loperamide联苯双酯 bifendate马洛替酯 malotilate苯丙醇 phenylpropanol熊去氧胆酸 ursodeoxycholic acid牛胆酸钠 sodium tauroglycocholate去氢胆酸 dehydrocholic acid曲匹布通 trepibutone第三十二章子宫平滑肌兴奋药和抑制药缩宫素 oxytocin麦角新碱 ergometrine麦角胺 ergotamine前列腺素 prostaglandin第三十三章性激素类药及避孕药雌激素 estrogen孕激素 progestogen雄激素 androgen第三十四章肾上腺皮质激素类药物肾上腺皮质激素 adrenocortical hormones糖皮质激素 glucocorticoids氢化可的松 hydrocortisone可的松 cortisone盐皮质激素 mineralocorticoids醛固酮 aldosterone去氧皮质酮 desoxycorticosterone泼尼松 prednisone泼尼松龙 prednisolone甲泼尼龙 methylprednisolone地塞米松 dexamethasone倍他米松 betamethasone曲安西龙 triamcinolone氟氢可的松 fludrocortisone氟轻松 fluocinolone acetonide糖皮质激素受体 glucocorticoid receptor正性糖皮质激素反应成分 glucocorticoid response element负性糖皮质激素反应成分 negative glucocorticoid response element皮质激素转运球蛋白 corticosteroid binding globulin第三十五章甲状腺素和抗甲状腺药甲状腺功能亢进症 hyperthyroidism甲状腺素 thyroxine三碘甲状腺原氨酸 triiodothyronine抗甲状腺药 antithyroid drugs硫脲类 thiourease硫氧嘧啶类 thiouracils丙硫氧嘧啶 propylthiouracil甲硫氧嘧啶 methylthiouracil咪唑类 imidazoles甲硫咪唑 thiamazole他巴唑 tapazole碘 iodine碘化物 iodide放射性碘 radioiodine第三十六章胰岛素及口服降糖药胰岛素 insulin甲苯磺丁脲 tolbutamide氯磺丙脲 chlorpropamide格列吡嗪 glipizide格列齐特 gliclazide格列波脲 glibornuride格列喹酮 gliquidone格列美脲 glimepiride苯乙福明 phenformin丁福明 buformin甲福明 metformin阿卡波糖 acarbose伏格列波糖 voglibose米格列醇 miglitol罗格列酮 rosiglitazone环格列酮 ciglitazone吡格列酮 pioglitazone。
常用药学名词英汉对照
tincture
定向药物制剂
directed pharmaceutical preparations
毒理学
toxicology
毒性反应
toxic response; toxic reaction
短期致癌实验
short term carcinogenic test
对因治疗
etiological treatment
生物碱
alkaloid
生物利用度
bioavailability
生物统计学
biometrics;biometry
生物药剂学
biopharmacy
生物制品
biological product
生药
crude drugs
时辰药理学
chronopharmacology
时间感受性
chronosusceptability
酶
enzyme
酶原
proenzyme
免疫抑制剂
immunosuppressant;immuno inhibitor
免疫原性
immunogenicity
免疫增强剂
immunoenhancement
敏感性
sensitivity
摩尔
mole
摩尔分数浓度
mol fraction concentration
摩尔分子体积
溶解
dissolution; dissolving
溶菌酶
lysozyme
溶血
hemolysis
溶质
solute
三羧酸循环
tricarboxylic acid cycle
杀菌活性
bactericidal activity
药学名词中英对照
48
acridine alkaloid
吖啶生物碱
49
acromegaly
肢端肥大症
50
actin
肌动蛋白
51
Actinomyces
放线菌属
52
actinophage
放线噬菌体
53
action
作用
54
activation
活化
55
activation energy
活化能
56
activator
活化剂
拟肾上腺素剂
92
adrenoreceptor antagonist
肾上腺素受体拮抗剂
93
adrenoreceptor blocker
肾上腺素受体阻断剂
94
adsorbate
被吸附物
95
adsorbent
吸附剂
96
adsorption
吸附
97
adulterant
掺杂物；伪药
98
adverse drug reaction{=ADR}
苋红
152
amebic dysentery
阿米巴痢疾
153
amebicides
灭阿米巴剂
154
amenorrhea
无月经
155
Ames test
安氏试验{细菌突变试验}
156
amino acid
胺基酸
157
amino acid composition analyzer
氨基酸组成分析仪
158
amino chemically bonded silica
NO.
英文
英汉对照药学词汇
Learn some pharmaceutical terms药学术语Adrenoceptor 肾上腺受体Adrenoceptor blocking drug 肾上腺受体阻断药Antianxiety 抗焦虑Anticancer drugs 抗癌药Anticarcinoma drug 抗肿瘤药Antidepressant drugs 抗抑郁药Antidiabetic drug 抗糖尿病药Antidiarrheal agents 止泻药Antihypertensive drugs 抗高血压药Anti-inflammatory agent 抗炎药Antimicrobial agents 抗菌药Antituberculous drugs 抗结核药Antiviral drugs 抗病毒药Receptor 受体Resistance 耐药性Therapeutic dose 治疗量Therapeutic index 治疗指数Tolerance 耐受性Dilute 稀释Detector 检测器Electrochemical analysis 电化学分析Indicator 指示剂Reagent 试剂Solution 溶液Specific gravity 比重Bioactivity 生物活性Bioavailability 生物利用度Drug dependence 药物依赖性Drug metabolism 药物代谢Drug-induced diseases 药源性疾病Half-life time 半衰期First pass elimination 首过消除Minimal toxic dose 最小中毒量Minimal effective dose 最小有效量im., Intramuscular injection 肌肉注射ivd., Intravenous drip 静脉滴注iv., Intravenous injection 静脉注射Monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制剂Drug insert =drug instruction =package insert 药品说明书Product name 药品名称General product name 通用名称Trade name 商品名Latin name 拉丁名Chinese pinyin 中国名称English name 英国名称Components =ingredients 成分Description性状：（Powder 粉针、Liquid 水针、Tablet 片剂、Capsule 胶囊、Unguent 软膏、Syrup 糖浆Dripping 点滴、plaster 贴剂）Pharmacology 药理学(pharmacy log)Pharmacological effect/function 药理作用Pharmacokinetics 药物动力学(kinetic)Indication 适应症（Amoxicillin is used to treat infections caused by bacteria, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, gonorrhea and infections of the urinary tract.）Contra-indication禁忌症Attention=caution=warning=precaution 注意事项Under-graduate 本科生post-graduate 研究生Dosage and administration/application/usage 用法和用量Dose and use 用法和用量（It is administered orally intravenously intra-arterially intramuscularly）Specification=availability 规格100g a piece 24 mega 百万10 vial/phial 支Box/carton 盒Package 包装XYZ02-24 approved by SDA of china 国药准字Ratification 批准文号SDA: State Drug Administration 国家药品监督局FDA: 联邦药品监督局（美国药品监督局）XYZ02-24approved by Ministry of Public health of China Expiration date有效期、保质期duration 有效期Manufacturing date 生产日期Function class 作用类别（指处方或非处方）Prescription medicine 处方药Adverse reaction副作用side effects=by-effects 不良反应V omiting 呕吐diarrhea腹泻Upset stomach 胃部不适Common diseases and symptoms：Hepatitis A,B 甲/乙肝Acute 急性chronic 慢性viral 病毒性Bronchitis 支气管炎Disorder of the gastrointestinal tract 胃肠道紊乱Cardiac failure 心力衰竭Cardi(o) cardio-hepatic 心肝的Dermatitis 皮炎Epidemic influenza 流行性感冒Hypertension 高血压hyportension 低血压Heart/cardiac disease 心脏病Gastritis 胃炎stomach-ache 胃痛Enteritis 肠炎Prostatitis 前列腺炎Pysentery 痢疾Epidemic dysentery 流行性痢疾Chest depression 胸闷Short breath 气短Nausea 恶心Insomnia 失眠Hypersomnia 嗜睡Diarrhea 腹泻V omiting 呕吐Irregular menstruation 月经不调Cancer 癌症carcinoma 更偏向于指肿瘤Gastric cancer 胃癌Intestinal cancer 肠癌Hepatic/liver cancer 肝癌Lung cancer 肺癌Clearing away pathogenic heat and toxic material 清热解毒Expelling pathogenic heat to loosen the bowels泻火通便Expelling pathogenic wind and dampness祛风除湿Promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis祛瘀活血。
药理学专业词汇(中英文对照)
药理学专业词汇（中英文对照）第一章绪论药理学pharmacology药物drug药物效应动力学pharmacodynamics药物代谢动力学 pharmacokinetics上市后药物监测post-marketing surveillance第二章药物效应动力学药物作用pharmacological action药理效应pharmacological effect治疗作用therapeutic effect对症治疗symptomatic treatment补充疗法supplement therapy不良反应adverse drug reaction副作用side reaction毒性反应toxic reaction后遗效应after effect变态反应allergic reaction剂量-效应关系dose-effect relationship最小有效量minimal effective dose最小有效浓度minimal effective concentration个体差异individual variability效价强度potency构效关系structure activity relationship激动药agonist拮抗药antagonist配体门控离子通道受体ligand gated ion channel receptor第三章药物代谢动力学吸收absorption首关消除first-pass elimination静脉注射intravenous injection分布distribution生物转化biotransformation排泄excretion时量关系time-concentration relationship生物利用度bioavailability药物消除动力学过程elimination kinetic process一级消除动力学first-order elimination kinetics零级消除动力学zero-order elimination kinetics半衰期half-life表观分布容积apparent volume of distribution总体清除率total body clearance稳态浓度steady-state concentration第四章影响药物效应的因素和合理用药的原则控释剂controlled release formulation缓释剂 slow release formulation耐受性 tolerance耐药性resistance药物依赖性drug dependence相互作用 interaction配伍禁忌incompatibility协同 synergism拮抗 antagonism第五章自主神经系统药理总论运动神经somatic motor nervous system自主神经autonomic nervous system胆碱能神经cholinergic nerve去甲肾上腺素能神经noradrenergic nerve乙酰胆碱acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯酶 acetylcholinesterase摄取uptake单胺氧化酶 mono-amine oxidase儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶catechol-O-methyl transferase第六章胆碱受体激动药毛果芸香碱pilocarpine烟碱nicotine第七章抗胆碱酯酶药及胆碱酯酶复活药抗胆碱酯酶药 anticholinesterase agents胆碱酯酶复活药cholinesterase reactivator新斯的明 neostigmine有机磷酸酯类organophosphate碘解磷定pralidoxime iodine第八章M胆碱受体阻断药阿托品atropine山莨菪碱anisodamine东莨菪碱 scopolamine第九章N胆碱受体阻断药琥珀胆碱suxamethonium筒箭毒碱d-tubocurarine第十章肾上腺素受体激动药去甲肾上腺素noradrenaline肾上腺素adrenaline多巴胺dopamine异丙肾上腺素isoprenaline第十一章肾上腺素受体阻断药肾上腺素受体阻断药adrenoceptor blocking drugs酚妥拉明phentolamine肾上腺素作用翻转adrenaline reversal酚苄明phenoxybenzamine哌唑嗪prazosin普萘洛尔propranolol第十二章局部麻醉药表面麻醉suiface anesthesia浸润麻醉infiltration anesthesia传导麻醉conduction anesthesia蛛网膜下腔麻醉subarachnoidal anesthesia 利多卡因lidocaine普鲁卡因procaine丁卡因tetracaine第十三章全身麻醉药吸入麻醉药inhalational anesthetics氟烷halothane静脉麻醉intravenous anesthetics硫喷妥钠thiopental sodium诱导麻醉 induction of anesthesia第十四章镇静催眠药地西泮Diazepam氯氮卓Chlordiazepoxide奥沙西泮Oxazepam硝西泮Nitrazepam艾司唑仑Estazolam苯巴比妥Phenobarbital水合氯醛Chloral hydrate第十五章抗癫痫药和抗惊厥药抗癫痫药antiepileptic drugs苯妥英钠sodium phenytoin苯巴比妥phenobarbital扑米酮primidone乙琥胺ethosuximide苯二氮卓类benzodiazepine卡马西平carbamazepine丙戊酸钠sodium valproate硫酸镁magnesium sulfate第十六章抗中枢退行性疾病药左旋多巴levodopa, L-dopa卡比多巴Carbidopa司来吉米Selegiline硝替卡朋Nitecapone第十七章抗精神失常药抗精神病药antipsychotic drugs抗躁狂药antimanic drugs抗抑郁药antidepressive drugs抗焦虑药antianxiety drugs吩噻嗪类phenothiazines硫杂蒽类thioxanthenes丁酰苯类butyrophenones氯丙嗪chlorpromazine氯氮平clozapine碳酸锂lithium carbonate丙米嗪imipramine第十八章镇痛药阿片opium吗啡 morphine哌替啶pethidine美沙酮methadone喷他佐辛pentazocine芬太尼 fentanyl第十九章解热镇痛抗炎药解热镇痛抗炎药antipyretic，analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs 非甾体抗炎药non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs花生四烯酸arachidonic acid阿司匹林aspirin非那西丁phenacetin乙酰氨基酚paracetamol保泰松phenylbutazone吲哚美辛indomethacin布洛芬brufen别嘌醇 allopurinol丙磺舒 probenecid秋水仙碱colchicines第二十章抗变态反应药组胺histamine抗组胺药antihistamines苯海拉明diphenhydramine异丙嗪promethazine阿司咪唑astemizole西咪替丁cimetidine雷尼替丁ranitidine5-羟色胺5-hydroxytryptamine酮色林 ketanserin昂丹司琼ondansetron第二十一章钙拮抗药钙拮抗药calcium antagonists电压依赖性钙通道voltage dependent Ca2+ channels受体调控性钙通道receptor-operated Ca2+ channels第二信使活化钙通道second messenger operated Ca2+ channels 机械活化钙通道mechanically operated Ca2+ channels硝苯地平nifedipine尼群地平nitrendipine地尔硫卓diltiazem维拉帕米 verapamil第二十二章肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统肾素 rennin血管紧张素原angiotensinogen血管紧张素转化酶angiotensin converting enzyme血管紧张素肽angiotensin peptides血管紧张素受体angiotensin receptor卡托普利 captopril依那普利 enalapril雷米普利ramipril第二十三章抗心律失常药心律失常arrhythmias奎尼丁Quinidine利多卡因Lidocaine普罗帕酮Propafenone胺碘酮Amiodarone维拉帕米Verapamil致心律失常作用proarrhythmia，arrhythmogenesis第二十四章抗慢性心功能不全药卡托普利 Captopril氯沙坦Losartar美托洛尔metoprolol卡维地洛carvedilol地高辛Digoxin米力农Milrinone维司力农vesnarinone第二十五章抗心绞痛药心绞痛angina pectoris硝酸甘油nitroglycerin硝酸异山梨酯isosobide dinitrater戊四硝酯pentaerythrityl tetranitrate普萘洛尔propranolol硝苯地平nifedipine维拉帕米verapamil地尔硫卓diltiazem卡维地洛carvedilol第二十六章调血脂药与抗动脉粥样硬化药胆固醇cholesterol三酰甘油triglyceride磷脂phospholipid游离脂肪酸free fatty acid胆固醇酯cholesteryl ester游离胆固醇free cholesterol总胆固醇total cholesterol载脂蛋白apoprotein脂蛋白lipoprotein消胆胺cholestyramine, cholesteramine resin 烟酸nicotinic acid普罗布考/丙丁酚probucol多烯脂肪酸类polyenoic fatty acids多不饱和脂肪酸类polyunsaturated fatty acids二十碳五烯酸eicosapentaenoic acid二十二碳六烯酸docosahexaenoic acidα-亚麻酸α-linolenic acid亚油酸linolenic acidγ-亚麻酸γ-linolenic acid月见草油evening primrose oil亚油酸linolenic acid硫酸乙酰肝素heparan sulfate硫酸皮肤素dermatan sulfate硫酸软骨素chondroitin sulfate第二十七章抗高血压药个体化治疗方案individualized therapy氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide氨氯地平amlodipine卡托普利captopril氯沙坦losartan可乐定clonidine甲基多巴methyldopa莫索尼定moxonidine哌唑嗪prazosin肼屈嗪hydralazine米诺地尔minoxidil二氮嗪 diazoxide硝普钠 sodium nitroprusside第二十八章利尿药及脱水药利尿药diuresis drugs呋噻米furosemide阿米洛利amiloride螺内酯spironolactone乙酰唑胺acetazolamide氢氯噻嗪hydrochlorothiazide氨苯蝶啶triamterene第二十九章作用于血液和造血器官的药物肝素heparin鱼精蛋白protamin低分子量肝素low molacular weight heparin伊诺肝素enoxaparin水蛭素lepirudin双香豆素dicoumarin华法林warfarin枸橼酸钠sodium Citrate阿司匹林aspirin利多格雷ridogrel依前列醇epoprostanol双嘧达莫dipyridamole噻氯匹定antigreg链激酶streptokinase,SK阿替普酶alteplase沙芦普酶saruplase阿尼普酶anistreplase右旋糖酐dexran第三十章作用于呼吸系统的药物平喘药antiasthmatic drugs镇咳药antitussives祛痰药expectorants倍氯米松beclomethasone dipropionate布地奈德budesonide曲安奈德triamcinolone acetonide丙酸氟替卡松fluticasone propionate氟尼缩松flunisolide色甘酸钠disodium cromoglycate曲尼司特tranilast酮替芬ketotifen奈多罗米钠nedocromil sodium沙丁胺醇salbutamol特布他林terbutaline克仑特罗clenbuterol氯丙那林clorprenaline福莫特罗formoterol沙美特罗salmeterol氨茶碱aminophylline二羟丙茶碱diprophylline胆茶碱cholinophylline多索茶碱doxofylline茶碱theophylline异丙托溴铵ipratropium可待因codeine右美沙芬dextromethorphan喷托维林pentoxyverine苯佐那酯benzonatate苯丙哌林benproperine氯化铵ammonium chloride乙酰半胱氨酸acetylcysteine溴己新bromhexine第三十一章作用于消化系统的药物西咪替丁cimetidine雷尼替丁ranitidine法莫替丁famotidine丙谷胺proglumide哌仑西平pirenzepine奥美拉唑omeprazole硫糖铝sucralfate三钾二枸橼酸铋tripotassium dicitrate bismuthate 昂丹司琼ondansetron苯海拉明diphenhydramine东莨菪碱scopolamine氯丙嗪chloropromazine甲氧氯普胺metoclopramide多潘立酮domperidone西沙必利cisapride硫酸镁magnesium sulfate硫酸钠sodium sulfate乳果糖lactulose酚酞phenolphthalein比沙可啶bisacodyl液体石腊liquid paraffin甘油glycerin地芬诺酯diphenoxylate洛哌丁胺loperamide联苯双酯bifendate马洛替酯malotilate苯丙醇phenylpropanol熊去氧胆酸ursodeoxycholic acid牛胆酸钠sodium tauroglycocholate去氢胆酸dehydrocholic acid曲匹布通trepibutone第三十二章子宫平滑肌兴奋药和抑制药缩宫素oxytocin麦角新碱ergometrine麦角胺ergotamine前列腺素prostaglandin第三十三章性激素类药及避孕药雌激素estrogen孕激素progestogen雄激素androgen第三十四章肾上腺皮质激素类药物肾上腺皮质激素adrenocortical hormones糖皮质激素glucocorticoids氢化可的松hydrocortisone可的松cortisone盐皮质激素mineralocorticoids醛固酮aldosterone去氧皮质酮desoxycorticosterone泼尼松prednisone泼尼松龙prednisolone甲泼尼龙methylprednisolone地塞米松dexamethasone倍他米松betamethasone曲安西龙triamcinolone氟氢可的松fludrocortisone氟轻松fluocinolone acetonide糖皮质激素受体glucocorticoid receptor正性糖皮质激素反应成分glucocorticoid response element负性糖皮质激素反应成分negative glucocorticoid response element 皮质激素转运球蛋白corticosteroid binding globulin第三十五章甲状腺素和抗甲状腺药甲状腺功能亢进症hyperthyroidism甲状腺素thyroxine三碘甲状腺原氨酸triiodothyronine抗甲状腺药antithyroid drugs硫脲类thiourease硫氧嘧啶类thiouracils丙硫氧嘧啶propylthiouracil甲硫氧嘧啶methylthiouracil咪唑类imidazoles甲硫咪唑thiamazole他巴唑tapazole碘iodine碘化物iodide放射性碘radioiodine第三十六章胰岛素及口服降糖药胰岛素insulin甲苯磺丁脲tolbutamide氯磺丙脲chlorpropamide格列吡嗪glipizide格列齐特gliclazide格列波脲glibornuride格列喹酮gliquidone格列美脲glimepiride苯乙福明phenformin丁福明buformin甲福明metformin阿卡波糖acarbose伏格列波糖voglibose米格列醇miglitol罗格列酮rosiglitazone环格列酮ciglitazone吡格列酮pioglitazone恩格列酮englitazone第三十七章抗菌药物概论抑菌药inhibitory drugs杀菌药bactericidal drugs抗菌谱antimicrobial spectrum最低抑菌浓度minimal inhibitory concentration最低杀菌浓度minimal bactericidal concentration化学疗法chemotherapy耐药性tolerance抗生素 antibiotics第三十八章β-内酰胺类抗生素青霉素penicillin青霉素结合蛋白penicillin binding proteins头孢噻吩cephalothin头孢孟多cefamandole头孢曲松ceftriaxone第三十九章大环内酯类、林可霉素类及万古霉素类抗生素大环内酯类抗生素macrolides红霉素erythromycin林可霉素lincomycin万古霉素vancomycin螺旋霉素spiramycin第四十章氨基苷类及多黏菌素类氨基苷类aminoglycosides链霉素streptomycin庆大霉素gentamicin卡那霉素kanamycin抗生素后效应post antibiotic effect妥布霉素tobramycin阿米卡星amikacin奈替米星netilmicin多黏菌素类polymyxins第四十一章四环素类及氯霉素类四环素tetracycline土霉素terramycin氯霉素chloramphenicol广谱抗生素broad-spectrum antibiotics多西环素doxycycline第四十二章人工合成抗菌药喹诺酮类quinolones诺氟沙星norfloxacin吡哌酸pipemidic acid氧氟沙星ofloxacin左氧氟沙星levofloxacin环丙沙星ciprofloxacin司帕沙星sparfloxacin曲伐沙星trovafloxacin磺胺嘧啶sulfadiazine磺胺甲噁唑sulfamethoxazole磺胺异噁唑sulfafurazole呋喃妥因nitrofurantoin呋喃唑酮furazolidone甲硝唑metronidazole第四十三章抗真菌及抗病毒药制霉菌素nystatin两性霉素B amphotericin B克霉唑clotrimazole阿昔洛韦acyclovir利巴韦林ribavirin金刚烷胺amantadine第四十四章抗结核病及抗麻风病药异烟肼 isoniazid利福平rifampicin乙胺丁醇 ethambutol吡嗪酰胺pyrazinamide对氨水杨酸钠sodium paraaminosalicylate卷曲霉素 capreomycin第四十五章抗疟药氯喹chloroquine奎宁quinine本芴醇benflumetol伯氨喹primaquine乙胺嘧啶pyrimethamine第四十六章抗阿米巴病药及抗滴虫病药甲硝唑 metronidazole二氯尼特diloxanide喹啉quinoline第四十七章抗血吸虫病药和抗丝虫病药吡喹酮 pyquiton乙胺嗪diethylcarbamazine伊维菌素ivermectin第四十八章抗肠蠕虫药甲苯咪唑mebendazole阿苯达唑 albendazole第四十九章抗恶性肿瘤药甲氨蝶呤methotrexate5-氟尿嘧啶 5-fluorouracil阿糖胞苷cytarabine羟基脲 hydroxycarbamide氮芥chlormethine环磷酰胺endoxan丝裂霉素mitomycin博莱霉素bleomycin喜树碱camptothecin长春碱vinblastin长春新碱vincristin第五十章免疫调节药免疫调节药 immunomodulators 免疫抑制药immunosuppressive agents 免疫激活药immunostimu-lanyts免疫增强药immunopotentiating drugs 环孢素ciclosporin抗淋巴细胞球蛋白antilymphocyte globulin 左旋咪唑levamisole干扰素 interferon胸腺素 thymosin。
药理学名词中英文对照表
药理学名词中英文对照表6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenaseJanbon综合症Janbon''s syndromePPB浓度parts per billion concentrationpphm浓度parts per hundred million concentration PPH浓度parts per hundred concentrationppm浓度parts per million concentration安全X围safety range安全试验法innocuity test method安全系统safety coefficient安慰剂placebo螯合剂chelating agent靶细胞target cell白蛋白微球制剂albumin microballoons百分浓度percentage concentration半合成抗生素semisynthetic antibiotics半抗原haptene半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50半衰期half-life period; half life time包衣片coated tablet薄膜衣film-coating饱和溶液saturated solution贝克勒尔Becquerel被动免疫passive immunity被动转运passive transport崩解度disintegration崩解剂disintegrants必需氨基酸essential aminoacid必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid变态反响allergy; allergic reaction外表活性surface activity外表X力surface tension丙种射线gamma rays补体plement补体系统plement system不良反响adverse reaction不完全抗原inplete antigen搽剂liniments长期毒性实验long term toxicity test长效制剂prolonged action preparation肠肝循环enterohepatic circulation肠溶控释片enteric controlled release tablets 肠溶衣enteric coating处方prescription;recipe穿透促进剂penetration enhancers磁性控释制剂magnetic controlled release dosage form磁性药物制剂magnetic medicinal preparations大分子macromolecule单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody胆碱酯酶cholinesterase当量equivalent weight当量定律equivalent law当量浓度normality当量溶液normal solution等X溶液isotonic solution低聚糖oligosaccharides低密度脂蛋白low density lipoprotein滴定titration滴定曲线titration curve滴丸剂pill递质transmitter电解electrolyzation电解质electrolyte酊剂tincture定向药物制剂directed pharmaceutical preparations毒理学toxicology毒性反响toxic response; toxic reaction短期致癌实验short term carcinogenic test对因治疗etiological treatment对映体antipode对症治疗symptomatic treatment多功能酶multifunctional enzyme多剂量给药multiple dose administration多糖polyose多肽polypeptide儿茶酚胺catecholamine二重感染superinfection发酵fermentation法定处方official formula芳族化合物aromatic pound放射毒理学radiotoxicology放射药剂学radiopharmaceutics非必需氨基酸non-essential amino acid非去极化型肌松药nondepolarizer分子病molecular disease分子溶液molecular solution分子生物学molecular biology分子药理学molecular pharmacology辅基prosthetic group辅料excipients辅酶coenzyme副作用side effect附加剂additive枯燥剂desiccant;drying agent肝首过效应first pass effect of hepar感受器receptor高敏性hyperreactivity个体差异性individual differences; individual variation给药方案或给药速度dosage regimen or dose rate 给药间隔dosing interval工业药剂学industrial pharmacy共价键covalent bond光量子light quantum广谱抗生素broad-spectrum antibiotic过滤filtration过敏毒素anaphylatoxin过敏性药物反响anaphylactic drug reaction过氧化物superoxide含量均匀度content uniformity核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; RNA核苷酸nucleotide合并用药drug bination合成药物synthetic drugs合剂mixture痕量元素trace element化学分析chemical analysis化学物理学chemical physics化学消毒法chemical disinfection化学药物治疗chemotherapy环境药理学environmental pharmacology根本药物essential drugs基因gene激活剂activator激活作用activation激素hormone激素原prohormone急性毒性实验acute toxicity test己糖醇细胞毒剂cytotoxic hexitols剂量dosage; dose剂量或浓度的依存性dose or concentration dependency 剂型dosage form间接致癌indirect carcinogenesis间歇灭菌法discontinuous sterilization碱中毒alkalosis;alkali-poisoning胶体溶液型药剂medical colloidal solution嚼用片chewable tablets酵解glycolysis拮抗作用antagonism解毒作用detoxication介质mediator; transmitter; medium精神依赖性psychic dependence剧药powerful drug绝对致死剂量absolute lethal dose; LD100抗毒素antitoxin抗菌谱antibacterial spectrum抗体antibody抗血清antiserum抗药性resistance to drugs抗原antigen克当量gram-equivalent weight克当量数gram-equivalent number克分子gram-molecule; gram-mol克分子分数molar fraction克分子量gram molecular weight克分子浓度molar centratin; molal centration克原子gram-atom控释制剂controlled release preparation口腔内给药oral administration快速耐受tachyphylaxis扩散diffusion扩散系数coefficient of diffusion累积尿排泄曲线cumulative urinary excretion curves累加效应additive effect类毒素anatoxin;toxoid类固醇停药综合征steroid withdrawal syndrome冷藏cold-storage冷冻freezing;refrigeration量子药理学quantum pharmacology临床药理学clinical pharmacology临床药学chlinical pharmacy卤化物halogenide埋植剂implants慢通道slow pathway慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test; long term toxicity test酶enzyme酶原proenzyme免疫抑制剂immunosuppressant;immuno inhibitor 免疫原性immunogenicity免疫增强剂immunoenhancement敏感性sensitivity摩尔mole摩尔分数浓度mol fraction concentration摩尔分子体积molar volume;mole volume摩尔浓度molarity默克索引the Merck index耐受性tolerance耐药性drug tolerance内毒素endotoxin内毒素鲎试剂测定法Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay for endotoxin内消旋体mesomer浓度concentration皮肤、粘膜外表给药skin and mucocutaneous administration片剂硬度tablet hardness气凝胶aerogel气溶胶aerosol气体分析gas analysis气雾剂aerosol前体药物prodrug鞘内注射intrathecal injection全酶与辅基holonzyme and prosthetic group人工合成抗原artificial antigen人工免疫artificial immunization人种药理学ethnopharmacology日内瓦命名法Geneva nomenclature溶剂solvent; dissolvent溶解dissolution; dissolving溶菌酶lysozyme溶血hemolysis溶质solute三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle杀菌活性bactericidal activity杀菌作用bactericidal effect身体依赖性physical dependence神经毒素neurotoxin肾上腺素能神经adrenergic nerve肾上腺素能受体adrenergic receptor渗透压osmotic pressure生长曲线growth curve 生物胺biogenic amine生物半衰期biological half life生物化学biochemistry生物碱alkaloid生物利用度bioavailability生物统计学biometrics;biometry生物药剂学biopharmacy生物制品biological product生药crude drugs时辰药理学chronopharmacology时间感受性chronosusceptability时间治疗chronotherapy时效关系time-effect relationship时值chronaxia;chronaxy时滞lag time世界卫生组织World Health Organization; WHO噬菌体bacteriophage收敛药astringent手性药物chiral drug首过效应first-pass effect受体receptor受体激动剂receptor stimulant受体拮抗剂receptor antagonist双盲法double-blind technique水解〔作用〕hydrolysis糖异生作用gluconeogenesis体外表积body surface area体积比浓度volume by volume concentration体液body fluid体液免疫humoral immunity天然抗体natural antibody天然抗原natural antigen天然免疫natural immunity天然药物crude drugs; natural drugs调剂学dispensing pharmacy同位素isotope突变mutation吞噬作用phagocytosis外毒素exotoxin外消旋体raceme完全抗原plete antigen王水aqua regia; nitrohydrochloric acid微粒体酶microsomal enzyme微量元素trace element稳态血药浓度steady state plasma concentration 物理药剂学physical pharmaceutics吸入法inhalation吸收速率常数absorption rate constant细胞免疫cellular immunity腺苷磷酸adenosine phosphate限制性剧药restrictive holagogue相对给药间隔relative dosage interval相加作用additive effect; addition向靶给药targetable drug delivery消除速率常数elimination rate constant效价potency效价单位potency unit效价强度potency效应effect效应器effector效应物effector协定处方cipher prescription协同作用synergism兴奋性excitability序贯设计sequential design悬浮液suspension选择性selectivity血管内给药intravascular administration血管外给药extravascular administration血浆plasma血浆代用液plasma substitute血浆蛋白结合率plasma protein binding ratio血脑屏障blood-cerebral barrier血清serum血容量扩大剂blood volume expander血药浓度blood concentration血液凝固blood coagulation血液制品blood products亚急性中毒subacute intoxication;subacute poisoning亚硝酸盐中毒nitrite poisoning眼用膜剂ocular inserts药—时半对数曲线semi-logarithmic curve of drug-time药—时曲线drug-time curve药峰浓度peak concentration of drug药峰时间peak time of drug药剂等效性pharmaceutical equivalence药剂学pharmaceutics药理学pharmacology药敏试验drug sensitive test药品负责期allotted date of drug quality ensuring by manufacturer药品管理法drug administration law药品批号drug batch number药品使用期limit date of using a drug after its production药品有效期expiry date; date of expiration药品质量标准drug standard药物代谢drug metabolism药物代谢酶drug metablic enzyme药物的体内过程intracorporal process of drugs 药物动力学模型pharmacokinetics model药物反响drug reaction药物分布drug distribution药物分析pharmaceutical analysis药物化学pharmaceutical chemistry药物排泄drug excretion药物吸收drug absorption药物相互作用drug interaction药物消除drug elimination药物蓄积drug accumulation药物学pharmacology; materia medica药物遗传学pharmacogenetics药效动力学pharmacodynamics药源性疾病drug-induced diseases乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcholinesterase抑菌活性bacteriostatic activity抑菌作用bactriostasis异构酶isomerase营养素nutrient硬膏剂plaster有效半衰期effective halt有效率effective rate有效浓度effective concentration右旋糖dextrose右旋体dextrorotatory form阈剂量threshold dose载体carrier皂甙saponins脂质体liposome直肠给药rectal administration直线相关linear correlation纸型片剂oral medicaed soluble paper致癌实验carcinogenic test致癌物carcinogen致畸试验teratogenic test致畸物teratogen致敏试验sensitization test致敏作用sensitization致死量fatal dose; lethal dose制剂preparation制剂学technology of pharmaceutics制药化学pharmaceutical chemistry治疗等效〔值〕therapeutic equivalence治疗量therapeutic dose治疗药物临测therapeutic drug monitoring; TDM 治疗指数therapeutic index TI治疗作用therapeutic action中毒intoxication; poisoning中华人民##国卫生部药品标准Drug Standard of Ministry of Public Health of the People''s Republic of China中间体intermediate助滤剂filter aid助溶剂plex solubilizer助悬剂suspending agent自身免疫autoimmunity组胺histamine最大耐受剂量maximal tolerable dose; LDO最大无作用剂量maxial noneffective dose; EDO最小显著差数least significant difference最小有效量minimal effective dose最小致死剂量minimal lethal dose;MLD左旋糖levulose左旋体levorotatory form佐剂adjuvantabsolute lethal dose绝对致死剂量absorption rate constant吸收速率常数acetylcholine乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱acetylcholinesterase乙酰胆碱酯酶activation激活作用activator激活剂acute toxicity test急性毒性实验addition相加作用additive附加剂additive effect累加效应；相加作用adenosine phosphate腺苷磷酸adjuvant佐剂adrenergic nerve肾上腺素能神经adrenergic receptor肾上腺素能受体adverse reaction不良反响aerogel气凝胶aerosol气溶胶；气雾剂albumin microballoons白蛋白微球制剂alkali-poisoning碱中毒alkaloid生物碱alkalosis碱中毒allergic reaction变态反响allergy变态反响allotted date of drug quality ensuring by manufacturer药品负责期anaphylactic drug reaction过敏性药物反响anaphylatoxin过敏毒素anatoxin类毒素antagonism拮抗作用antibacterial spectrum抗菌谱antibody抗体antigen抗原antipode对映体antiserum抗血清antitoxin抗毒素aqua regia王水aromatic pound芳族化合物artificial antigen人工合成抗原artificial immunization人工免疫astringent收敛药autoimmunity自身免疫bactericidal activity杀菌活性bactericidal effect杀菌作用bacteriophage噬菌体bacteriostatic activity抑菌活性bactriostasis抑菌作用Becquerel贝克勒尔bioavailability生物利用度biochemistry生物化学biogenic amine生物胺biological half life生物半衰期biological product生物制品biometrics生物统计学biometry生物统计学biopharmacy生物药剂学blood coagulation血液凝固blood concentration血药浓度blood products血液制品blood volume expander血容量扩大剂blood-cerebral barrier血脑屏障body fluid体液body surface area体外表积broad-spectrum antibiotic广谱抗生素carcinogen致癌物carcinogenic test致癌实验carrier载体catecholamine儿茶酚胺cellular immunity细胞免疫chelating agent螯合剂chemical analysis化学分析chemical disinfection化学消毒法chemical physics化学物理学chemotherapy化学药物治疗chewable tablets嚼用片chiral drug手性药物chlinical pharmacy临床药学cholinesterase胆碱酯酶chronaxia时值chronaxy时值chronic toxicity test慢性毒性实验chronopharmacology时辰药理学chronosusceptability时间感受性chronotherapy时间治疗cipher prescription协定处方clinical pharmacology临床药理学coated tablet包衣片coefficient of diffusion扩散系数coenzyme辅酶cold-storage冷藏plement补体plement system补体系统plete antigen完全抗原plex solubilizer助溶剂concentration浓度content uniformity含量均匀度controlled release preparation控释制剂covalent bond共价键crude drugs生药；天然药物cumulative urinary excretion curves累积尿排泄曲线cytotoxic hexitols己糖醇细胞毒剂date of expiration药品有效期desiccant枯燥剂detoxication解毒作用dextrorotatory form右旋体dextrose右旋糖diffusion扩散directed pharmaceutical preparations定向药物制剂discontinuous sterilization间歇灭菌法disintegrants崩解剂disintegration崩解度dispensing pharmacy调剂学dissolution溶解dissolvent溶剂dissolving溶解dosage剂量dosage form剂型dosage regimen or dose rate给药方案或给药速度dose剂量dose or concentration dependency剂量或浓度的依存性dosing interval给药间隔double-blind technique双盲法drug absorption药物吸收drug accumulation药物蓄积drug administration law药品管理法drug batch number药品批号drug bination合并用药drug distribution药物分布drug elimination药物消除drug excretion药物排泄drug interaction药物相互作用drug metablic enzyme药物代谢酶drug metabolism药物代谢drug reaction药物反响drug sensitive test药敏试验drug standard药品质量标准Drug Standard of Ministry of Public Health of the People''s Republic of China中华人民##国卫生部药品标准drug tolerance耐药性drug-induced diseases药源性疾病drug-time curve药—时曲线drying agent枯燥剂EDO最大无作用剂量effect效应effective concentration有效浓度effective halt有效半衰期effective rate有效率effector效应器；效应物electrolyte电解质electrolyzation电解elimination rate constant消除速率常数endotoxin内毒素enteric coating肠溶衣enteric controlled release tablets肠溶控释片enterohepatic circulation肠肝循环environmental pharmacology环境药理学enzyme酶equivalent law当量定律equivalent weight当量essential aminoacid必需氨基酸essential drugs根本药物essential fatty acid必需脂肪酸ethnopharmacology人种药理学etiological treatment对因治疗excipients辅料excitability兴奋性exotoxin外毒素expiry date药品有效期extravascular administration血管外给药fatal dose致死量fermentation发酵film-coating薄膜衣filter aid助滤剂filtration过滤first pass effect of hepar肝首过效应first-pass effect首过效应freezing冷冻gamma rays丙种射线gas analysis气体分析gene基因Geneva nomenclature日内瓦命名法gluconeogenesis糖异生作用glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glycolysis酵解gram molecular weight克分子量gram-atom克原子gram-equivalent number克当量数gram-equivalent weight克当量gram-mol克分子gram-molecule克分子growth curve生长曲线half lethal dose半数致死剂量half life time半衰期half-life period半衰期halogenide卤化物haptene半抗原hemolysis溶血histamine组胺holonzyme and prosthetic group全酶与辅基hormone激素humoral immunity体液免疫hydrolysis水解〔作用〕hyperreactivity高敏性immuno inhibitor免疫抑制剂immunoenhancement免疫增强剂immunogenicity免疫原性immunosuppressant免疫抑制剂implants埋植剂inplete antigen不完全抗原indirect carcinogenesis间接致癌individual differences个体差异性individual variation个体差异性industrial pharmacy工业药剂学inhalation吸入法innocuity test method安全试验法intermediate中间体intoxication中毒intracorporal process of drugs药物的体内过程intrathecal injection鞘内注射intravascular administration血管内给药isomerase异构酶isotonic solution等X溶液isotope同位素Janbon''s syndromeJanbon综合症lag time时滞LD100绝对致死剂量LD50半数致死剂量LDO最大耐受剂量least significant difference最小显著差数lethal dose致死量levorotatory form左旋体levulose左旋糖light quantum光量子limit date of using a drug after its production 药品使用期Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay for endotoxin内毒素鲎试剂测定法linear correlation直线相关liniments搽剂liposome脂质体long term toxicity test长期毒性实验；慢性毒性实验low density lipoprotein低密度脂蛋白lysozyme溶菌酶macromolecule大分子magnetic controlled release dosage form磁性控释制剂magnetic medicinal preparations磁性药物制剂materia medica药物学maxial noneffective dose最大无作用剂量maximal tolerable dose最大耐受剂量median lethal dose半数致死剂量mediator介质medical colloidal solution胶体溶液型药剂medium介质mesomer内消旋体microsomal enzyme微粒体酶minimal effective dose最小有效量minimal lethal dose最小致死剂量mixture合剂MLD最小致死剂量mol fraction concentration摩尔分数浓度molal centration克分子浓度molar centratin克分子浓度molar fraction克分子分数molar volume摩尔分子体积molarity摩尔浓度mole摩尔mole volume摩尔分子体积molecular biology分子生物学molecular disease分子病molecular pharmacology分子药理学molecular solution分子溶液monoclonal antibody单克隆抗体multifunctional enzyme多功能酶multiple dose administration多剂量给药mutation突变natural antibody天然抗体natural antigen天然抗原natural drugs天然药物natural immunity天然免疫neurotoxin神经毒素nitrite poisoning亚硝酸盐中毒nitrohydrochloric acid王水non-essential amino acid非必需氨基酸nondepolarizer非去极化型肌松药normal solution当量溶液normality当量浓度nucleotide核苷酸nutrient营养素ocular inserts眼用膜剂official formula法定处方oligosaccharides低聚糖oral administration口腔内给药oral medicaed soluble paper纸型片剂osmotic pressure渗透压parts per billion concentrationPPB浓度parts per hundred concentrationPPH浓度parts per hundred million concentrationpphm浓度parts per million concentrationppm浓度passive immunity被动免疫passive transport被动转运peak concentration of drug药峰浓度peak time of drug药峰时间penetration enhancers穿透促进剂percentage concentration百分浓度phagocytosis吞噬作用pharmaceutical analysis药物分析pharmaceutical chemistry药物化学pharmaceutical equivalence药剂等效性pharmaceutics药剂学pharmacodynamics药效动力学pharmacogenetics药物遗传学pharmacokinetics model药物动力学模型pharmacology药理学；药物学physical dependence身体依赖性physical pharmaceutics物理药剂学pill滴丸剂placebo安慰剂plasma血浆plasma protein binding ratio血浆蛋白结合率plasma substitute血浆代用液plaster硬膏剂poisoning中毒polyose多糖polypeptide多肽potency效价；效价强度potency unit效价单位powerful drug剧药preparation制剂prescription处方prodrug前体药物proenzyme酶原prohormone激素原prolonged action preparation长效制剂prosthetic group辅基psychic dependence精神依赖性quantum pharmacology量子药理学raceme外消旋体radiopharmaceutics放射药剂学radiotoxicology放射毒理学receptor感受器；受体receptor antagonist受体拮抗剂receptor stimulant受体激动剂recipe处方rectal administration直肠给药refrigeration冷冻relative dosage interval相对给药间隔resistance to drugs抗药性restrictive holagogue限制性剧药ribonucleic acid核糖核酸RNA核糖核酸safety coefficient安全系统safety range安全X围saponins皂甙saturated solution饱和溶液selectivity选择性semi-logarithmic curve of drug-time药—时半对数曲线semisynthetic antibiotics半合成抗生素sensitivity敏感性sensitization致敏作用sensitization test致敏试验sequential design序贯设计serum血清short term carcinogenic test短期致癌实验side effect副作用skin and mucocutaneous administration皮肤、粘膜外表给药slow pathway慢通道solute溶质solvent溶剂steady state plasma concentration稳态血药浓度steroid withdrawal syndrome类固醇停药综合征subacute intoxication亚急性中毒subacute poisoning亚急性中毒superinfection二重感染superoxide过氧化物surface activity外表活性surface tension外表X力suspending agent助悬剂suspension悬浮液symptomatic treatment对症治疗synergism协同作用synthetic drugs合成药物tablet hardness片剂硬度tachyphylaxis快速耐受target cell靶细胞targetable drug delivery向靶给药TDM治疗药物临测technology of pharmaceutics制剂学teratogen致畸物teratogenic test致畸试验the Merck index默克索引therapeutic action治疗作用therapeutic dose治疗量therapeutic drug monitoring治疗药物临测therapeutic equivalence治疗等效〔值〕therapeutic index TI治疗指数threshold dose阈剂量time-effect relationship时效关系tincture酊剂titration滴定titration curve滴定曲线tolerance耐受性toxic reaction毒性反响toxic response毒性反响toxicology毒理学toxoid类毒素trace element痕量元素；微量元素transmitter递质；介质tricarboxylic acid cycle三羧酸循环volume by volume concentration体积比浓度WHO世界卫生组织World Health Organization世界卫生组织。
药理专业名词中英文对照
药理专业名词中英文对照IntroductionPharmacology is one of the most important branches of medicine that deals with the study of drugs and their effects on the human body. It is an interdisciplinary science that combines the principles of biochemistry, physiology, and pathology to understand the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses, and side effects of different drugs. Pharmacology uses various terminologies in its teachings, and understanding these terminologies is crucial to medical students, healthcare practitioners, and researchers. In this document, we will provide a comprehensive list of pharmacological terms and their English translations.List of pharmacological terms and their English translations1. 药物(yào wù) - drug2. 药理学(yào lǐ xué) - pharmacology3. 毒理学(dú lǐ xué) - toxicology4. 生物利用度(shēng wù lì yòng dù) - bioavailability5. 疗效(liáo xiào) - therapeutic effect6. 副作用(fù zuò yòng) - side effect7. 毒性(dú xìng) - toxicity8. 中药(zhōng yào) - traditional Chinese medicine9. 西药(xī yào) - Western medicine10. 维生素(wéi shēng sù) - vitamin11. 抗生素(kàng shēng sù) - antibiotic12. 皮质激素(pí zhì jī sù) - corticosteroid13. 麻醉药(má zuì yào) - anesthetic14. 镇痛剂(zhèn tòng jì) - analgesic15. 抗炎药(kàng yán yào) - anti-inflammatory drug16. 抗癌药(kàng ái yào) - anticancer drug17. 抗抑郁药(kàng yì yù yào) - antidepressant18. 抗过敏药(kàng guò mǐn yào) - antiallergic drug19. 抗高血压药(kàng gāo xiě yā yào) - antihypertensive drug20. 降血糖药(jiàng xuè táng yào) - hypoglycemic drug21. 支气管扩张剂(zhī qì guǎn kuò zhāng jì) - bronchodilator22. 维持药(wéi chí yào) - maintenance drug23. 靶向药物(bǎ xiàng yào wù) - targeted drug24. 药代动力学(yào dài dòng lì xué) - pharmacokinetics25. 药理动力学(yào lǐ dòng lì xué) - pharmacodynamics26. 最小有效剂量(zuì xiǎo yǒu xiào jì liàng) - minimum effective dose27. 最大耐受剂量(zuì dà nài shòu jì liàng) - maximum tolerated dose28. 毒理指标(dú lǐ zhǐ biāo) - toxicity indices29. 单剂量毒性(dān jì liàng dú xìng) - acute toxicity30. 慢性毒性(màn xìng dú xìng) - chronic toxicity31. 剂量效应关系(jì liàng xiào yìng guān xì) -dose-response relationship32. 代谢通路(dài xiè tōng lù) - metabolic pathway33. 药物相互作用(yào wù xiāng hù zuò yòng) - drug interactions34. 病理生理学(bìng lǐ shēng lǐ xué) - pathophysiology35. 药物治疗(yào wù zhì liáo) - drug therapy36. 抗病毒药(kàng bìng dú yào) - antiviral drug37. 免疫调节剂(miǎn yì tiáo jié jì) - immunomodulator38. 抗结核药(kàng jié hè yào) - antituberculosis drug39. 抗真菌药(kàng zhēn jūn yào) - antifungal drug40. 解热镇痛药(jiě rè zhèn tòng yào) - antipyretic and analgesic drugsConclusionIn conclusion, pharmacology plays a significant role in the treatment, prevention, and management of various diseases. It is essential to have a good understanding of the terminologies used in pharmacology to ensure the safe and effective use of drugs. The list of pharmacological terms provided in this document is not exhaustive, but it provides a comprehensive foundation for healthcare practitioners and medical students. By understanding the English translations of these terminologies, healthcare professionals can effectively decode pharmacological texts and provide optimal care to their patients.。
药物依赖性词汇(英译汉)
Aabstainer 戒断者abstinence 撤药abstinence syndrome 戒断综合征abuse 滥用abuse liability 滥用倾向abuse potential 滥用潜力acid [俚]大麻acoasma 幻听acolasia 放纵acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）acute alcoholism 急性酒精中毒acute intoxication 急性中毒acute withdrawal syndrome 急性戒断综合征addict 成瘾者addiction 成瘾addiction medicine 成瘾性药addiction prone personality 依赖性倾向人格addictionologist 成瘾性研究者addictive 成瘾的addictive personality 成瘾个性adverse drug reaction 药物不良反应affion (offium) 烟土afyuni 阿芙蓉（鸦片）agonist 激动剂agrypnia 失眠alcohol abstinence 酒戒断alcohol abuse 酒滥用alcohol dependence syndrome 酒依赖综合征alcohol intoxication 酒中毒alcohol preference 酒精偏爱alcohol tolerance 酒耐受alcohol withdrawal 酒戒断alcoholic personality 酗酒者人格Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) 戒酒者协会alcoholics 酗酒者alcoholism 酒精中毒alcoholophilia 酒癖alcoholtherapy 酒精疗法algesia (algesthesia) 痛觉algesic (algetic) 疼痛的algid sudor 冷汗alienation 精神错乱amphetamine 苯丙胺amphetamine psychosis 苯丙胺性精神障碍analgesic activity 镇痛作用analgesic agent 镇痛剂analgesic drug 止痛药analgesics 镇痛剂anesthetics 麻醉剂animal model 动物模型antagonist 拮抗剂antianxiety agent 抗焦虑剂antisocial personality 反社会人格anxiety 焦虑apathy 情感淡漠ataractics 安定药ataxia 运动失调Bbarbiturates 巴比妥类behavior psychology 行为心理学benzodiazepines 苯二氮卓类buprenorphine 丁丙诺啡Ccalmodulin 钙调节蛋白，钙调素cannabin 大麻酯cannabine 大麻碱cannabinol 大麻酚cannabis 大麻，大麻类cannabism 大麻中毒center of reward 奖赏中枢central excitatory mechanism 中枢兴奋机制charas [俚]大麻charley [俚]可卡因chasing dragon [俚]追龙（烫吸方式）chicken powder [俚]苯丙胺或与之相关物质chief [俚]麦角酰二乙胺Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment (CINA scale) 临床麻醉药品评估量表coca 古柯coca alkaloids 古柯生物碱coca leaf 古柯叶coca paste 古柯糊cocaine 古柯碱，可卡因cocaine base 可卡因碱cocaine hydrochloride 盐酸可卡因cocaine psychosis 可卡因性精神病cocaines 可卡因类cocainidine 甲基可卡因cocainomaniac 可卡因成瘾者cockstailytic 抗植物神经合剂，冬眠合剂codeine 可待因codependence 协同依赖性coffein 咖啡滥用，咖啡中毒cokane(in my brain) [俚]可卡因coke [俚]可卡因cold turkey 冷火鸡coma 昏迷Commission on Narcotic Drugs(CND) 联合国麻醉药品委员会concentrate of poppy straw 罂粟秆浓缩物conditioned place preference 条件性位置偏爱corediastasis(corodiastasis) 瞳孔扩大craving 渴求crystal [俚]结晶（指高纯度甲基苯丙胺或右旋甲基苯丙胺）DDAYTOP village 日顶村（1963年纽约创建的戒毒单位）demographic characteristics 人口学特征dependence potential 依赖性潜力dependence syndrome 依赖性综合征dependence treatment 依赖性治疗dependence-producing drug 致依赖性药物dependence-producing property 依赖性特性dependency 依赖性designer drug 策划药detection 监测detoxification 脱毒，戒毒治疗detoxification center 戒毒中心discrimination 辨别discriminatiin box 辨别箱discrimination training 辨别训练dizziness 头晕dopamine(DA) 多巴胺drug abuse 药物滥用drug abuse pattern 药物滥用方式drug addiction 药物成瘾性drug control 禁毒，药物控制drug dependence 药物依赖性drug determination 药物测定drug discrimination (DD) 药物辨别drug epidemiology 药物流行病学drug free 摆脱吸毒drug habit 药物成瘾drug induced hallucination 服药幻觉drug intoxication 药物中毒drug misuse 药物误用drug monitoring 药物监控drug of psychedelic 致幻剂drug overdose 药物过量drug policy 药品政策drug potency 药物作用强度drug problem 毒品问题drug receptor binding 药物受体结合drug resistance 耐药性drug safety 药物安全性drug surveillance 药物监测drug testing 药物检测drug tolerance 药物耐受性drug urinalysis 药物尿分析drug withdrawal 药物戒断drug-admixed food method 药掺食法drug-seeking behavior 觅药行为drug-wise training 抗毒锦囊训练drugged [俚]掺麻醉，吸毒成瘾drug act 毒品条例drunken 酗酒dry mouth 口干dual personality 双重人格dynorphin 强啡呔dyscinesia (dyskinesia) 运动障碍dyscoimesis(dyskoimesis) 睡眠困难dysfunction 机能障碍dysphoria 烦躁不安，焦虑dyspnea 呼吸困难dyssomnia 睡眠障碍dystaxia 共济失调dysthesia 烦躁dysthymia disorders 抑郁症dystrophia(dystrophy) 营养不良dystropy 行为异常Enecephalin 脑啡肽endogenous opiate 内源性阿片endogenous opioid peptides 内阿片肽endorphin 内啡肽epidemiology 流行病学epidemiology survey 流行病学调查epidural injection 硬膜外注射euphoria 欣快euphoriant effect 欣快效应euphoric behavior 欢乐行为excessive drinking 过度饮酒excitoacceleratory 兴奋加速的excitoinhibitory 抑制兴奋的Ffloaty euphoria 飘飘然，欣快感follow up 随访follow-up study 随访研究，追踪研究Ggage [俚]大麻ganja [俚]大麻ganjah 大麻Golden Crescent 金新月Golden Triangle 金三角goose flesh 鸡皮疙瘩group psychotherapy 集体心理治疗group regulation 集体调节Hhallucination 幻觉hallucinogen 致幻剂hallucinogenic drug 致幻剂hash [俚]大麻hashish 大麻，大麻树脂hashishin 大麻瘾者hashishism 大麻瘾heavy drinking 酗酒heavy smoker 重度吸烟者hepatitis 肝炎herb [俚]大麻herd susceptibility 人群易感性heroin(diacetylmorphine) 海洛因high risk population 高危人群hyoscine 东莨菪碱Iillicit drug 非法药物illicit trafficking 非法贩运illusion 幻觉immunoassay kit 免疫试剂盒infection 传染inhalant 吸入剂intervention 干预intoxication 中毒intravenous injection 静脉注射invasion 发病investigation 调查Jjunkies 吸毒者juvenile delinquency 少年犯罪Kketamine 氯胺酮Llysergic acid diethylanide (LSD) 麦角二乙胺（致幻剂）M3-4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA) 亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺maintenance program 维持治疗计划maintenance therapy 维持疗法marihuana(marijuana) 大麻mecon 鸦片methadone 美沙酮methadone maintenance 美沙酮维持methadone treatment 美沙酮治疗methamphetamine N-甲基苯丙胺method of abstention 戒毒法method of administration 给药途径methyl amphetamine 甲基苯丙胺misuse 误用monitoring 监测morphine 吗啡morphine hydrochloride 盐酸吗啡multiple drug abuse 多药滥用Nnaloxone 纳洛酮naltrexone 纳曲酮narcotic analgesic agent 麻醉性止痛药narcotic antagonist 麻醉药品拮抗剂narcotic dependence 麻醉药依赖narcotics 麻醉药narcotics addiction 麻醉药成瘾Narcotics Anonymous (NA) 麻醉药品滥用者互助协会（戒毒会）needle sharing 共用针头needle track 注射斑痕neurological susceptibility 易感性nicotiana tabacum 烟草nicotine 尼古丁，烟碱nicotine gum 尼古丁胶姆糖nicotinism 尼古丁中毒nonopioid analgesic 非阿片类镇痛药Oopiates 阿片类opioid receptor 阿片类受体opium 阿片opium powder 阿片粉opium-addiction(opiumism) 阿片成瘾Ppapaveracease 罂粟科papaverine 罂粟碱papaveris capsular 罂粟壳paregorism 阿片瘾passive smoking 被动吸烟per os 口服pharmacodynamic tolerance 药效耐受性pharmacokinetics 药代动力学pharmacological dependence 药物依赖pharmacology 药理学physical dependence 身体依赖physical withdrawal 躯体戒断physiological dependence 身体依赖（生理依赖）place preference 位置偏爱实验poppy shell 罂粟壳powdered opium 阿片粉剂prevention 预防primary prevention 初级预防，一级预防protracted opioid abstinence syndrome 阿片戒断综合征protracted syndrome 稽延性症状psychoactive substance abuse 精神活性物质滥用psychotherapeutics 精神治疗，心理治疗psychotherapy 心理治疗pupillary dilation 瞳孔扩大Rrelapse 复吸relapse prevention 预防复吸reward center 奖赏中枢reward system 奖赏系统reward effect 奖赏效应route of administration 用药途径route of transmission 传播途径Ssmoke 吸烟smokeless tobacco 无烟烟草smoker 吸烟者smoking cessation 戒烟sniffing glue 嗅胶snort 鼻吸social interaction 社会干预soft drug 软性毒品solvent abuse 溶媒滥用solvent inhalation 溶媒吸入剂solvents 溶剂stimulant 兴奋剂streat drug 市售药[毒]品street drug user 街头吸毒者street heroin 市售海洛因street huffer 街头溶剂滥用者street junkie 吸毒者substance(drug)-seeking behavior 觅药行为syndrome 综合征Ttabacco 烟草tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) 四氢大麻酚Therapeutic Community(TC) 治疗集体thin layer chromatography（TLC) 薄层色谱法tobacco dependence 烟草依赖性tobacco smoke 吸烟tobacco withdrawal 烟草戒断tobaccoism 烟草中毒tolerance 耐受性toxicity 毒性toxicology 毒理学toxicomania 毒物瘾transmission of infection 感染传播Vvolatile solvent 挥发性溶剂volatile substance 挥发性物质volunteer 志愿者vomiting(vomition) 呕吐Wwithdrawal 撤药，戒断withdrawal syndrome 戒断综合征Yyoung offender 青少年犯罪Zzen [俚]麦角二乙胺（2）阿芙蓉（鸦片）afyuni阿片opium阿片成瘾opium-addiction(opiumism)阿片粉opium powder阿片粉剂powdered opium阿片戒断综合征protracted opioid abstinence syndrome阿片类opiates阿片类受体opioid receptor阿片瘾paregorism安定药ataractics巴比妥类barbiturates摆脱吸毒drug free被动吸烟passive smoking苯丙胺amphetamine[俚]苯丙胺或与之相关物质chicken powder苯丙胺性精神障碍amphetamine psychosis苯二氮卓类benzodiazepines鼻吸snort辨别discrimination辨别箱discriminatiin box辨别训练discrimination training薄层色谱法thin layer chromatography（TLC)策划药designer drug撤药abstinence撤药，戒断withdrawal成瘾addiction成瘾的addictive成瘾个性addictive personality成瘾性研究者addictionologist成瘾性药addiction medicine成瘾者addict初级预防，一级预防primary prevention传播途径route of transmission传染infection[俚]大麻charas[俚]大麻gage[俚]大麻ganja[俚]大麻hash[俚]大麻herb[俚]大麻acid大麻ganjah大麻marihuana(marijuana)大麻，大麻类cannabis大麻，大麻树脂hashish大麻酚cannabinol大麻碱cannabine大麻瘾hashishism大麻瘾者hashishin大麻酯cannabin大麻中毒cannabism调查investigation丁丙诺啡buprenorphine东莨菪碱hyoscine动物模型animal model毒理学toxicology毒品条例drug act毒品问题drug problem毒物瘾toxicomania毒性toxicity多巴胺dopamine(DA)多药滥用multiple drug abuse发病invasion烦躁dysthesia烦躁不安，焦虑dysphoria反社会人格antisocial personality放纵acolasia非阿片类镇痛药nonopioid analgesic非法贩运illicit trafficking非法药物illicit drug服药幻觉drug induced hallucination复吸relapse钙调节蛋白，钙调素calmodulin干预intervention肝炎hepatitis感染传播transmission of infection高危人群high risk population给药途径method of administration共济失调dystaxia共用针头needle sharing古柯coca古柯糊coca paste古柯碱，可卡因cocaine古柯生物碱coca alkaloids古柯叶coca leaf过度饮酒excessive drinking海洛因heroin(diacetylmorphine)呼吸困难dyspnea欢乐行为euphoric behavior幻觉hallucination幻觉illusion幻听acoasma挥发性溶剂volatile solvent挥发性物质volatile substance昏迷coma获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)机能障碍dysfunction鸡皮疙瘩goose flesh稽延性症状protracted syndrome激动剂agonist急性戒断综合征acute withdrawal syndrome急性酒精中毒acute alcoholism急性中毒acute intoxication集体调节group regulation集体心理治疗group psychotherapyN-甲基苯丙胺methamphetamine甲基苯丙胺methyl amphetamine甲基可卡因cocainidine监测detection监测monitoring奖赏系统reward system奖赏效应reward effect奖赏中枢center of reward奖赏中枢reward center焦虑anxiety街头溶剂滥用者street huffer街头吸毒者street drug user拮抗剂antagonist戒毒法method of abstention戒毒中心detoxification center戒断者abstainer戒断综合征abstinence syndrome戒断综合征withdrawal syndrome[俚]结晶（指高纯度甲基苯丙胺或右旋甲基苯丙胺）crystal戒酒者协会Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)戒烟smoking cessation金三角Golden Triangle金新月Golden Crescent禁毒，药物控制drug control精神错乱alienation精神活性物质滥用psychoactive substance abuse精神治疗，心理治疗psychotherapeutics静脉注射intravenous injection酒戒断alcohol abstinence酒戒断alcohol withdrawal酒精疗法alcoholtherapy酒精偏爱alcohol preference酒精中毒alcoholism酒滥用alcohol abuse酒耐受alcohol tolerance酒癖alcoholophilia酒依赖综合征alcohol dependence syndrome酒中毒alcohol intoxication咖啡滥用，咖啡中毒coffein抗毒锦囊训练drug-wise training抗焦虑剂antianxiety agent抗植物神经合剂，冬眠合剂cockstailytic可待因codeine可卡因cocaine [俚]可卡因charley[俚]可卡因cokane(in my brain)[俚]可卡因coke可卡因成瘾者cocainomaniac可卡因碱cocaine base可卡因类cocaines可卡因性精神病cocaine psychosis渴求craving口服per os口干dry mouth滥用abuse滥用潜力abuse potential滥用倾向abuse liability冷汗algid sudor冷火鸡cold turkey联合国麻醉药品委员会Commission on Narcotic Drugs(CND)临床麻醉药品评估量表Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment (CINA scale)流行病学epidemiology流行病学调查epidemiology survey氯胺酮ketamine麻醉剂anesthetics麻醉性止痛药narcotic analgesic agent麻醉药narcotics麻醉药成瘾narcotics addiction麻醉药品拮抗剂narcotic antagonist麻醉药品滥用者互助协会（戒毒会）Narcotics Anonymous (NA)麻醉药依赖narcotic dependence吗啡morphine[俚]麦角二乙胺zen麦角二乙胺（致幻剂）lysergic acid diethylanide (LSD)[俚]麦角酰二乙胺chief美沙酮methadone美沙酮维持methadone maintenance美沙酮治疗methadone treatment觅药行为drug-seeking behavior觅药行为substance(drug)-seeking behavior免疫试剂盒immunoassay kit内阿片肽endogenous opioid peptides内啡肽endorphin内源性阿片endogenous opiate纳洛酮naloxone纳曲酮naltrexone耐受性tolerance耐药性drug resistance脑啡肽necephalin尼古丁，烟碱nicotine尼古丁胶姆糖nicotine gum尼古丁中毒nicotinism呕吐vomiting(vomition)飘飘然，欣快感floaty euphoria强啡呔dynorphin青少年犯罪young offender情感淡漠apathy躯体戒断physical withdrawal人口学特征demographic characteristics人群易感性herd susceptibility日顶村（1963年纽约创建的戒毒单位）DA YTOP village溶剂solvents溶媒滥用solvent abuse溶媒吸入剂solvent inhalation软性毒品soft drug少年犯罪juvenile delinquency社会干预social interaction身体依赖physical dependence身体依赖（生理依赖）physiological dependence失眠agrypnia市售海洛因street heroin市售药[毒]品streat drug双重人格dual personality睡眠困难dyscoimesis(dyskoimesis)睡眠障碍dyssomnia四氢大麻酚tetrahydrocannabinol(THC)随访follow up随访研究，追踪研究follow-up study疼痛的algesic (algetic)条件性位置偏爱conditioned place preference瞳孔扩大corediastasis(corodiastasis)瞳孔扩大pupillary dilation痛觉algesia (algesthesia)头晕dizziness脱毒，戒毒治疗detoxification维持疗法maintenance therapy维持治疗计划maintenance program位置偏爱实验place preference无烟烟草smokeless tobacco误用misuse吸毒者junkies吸毒者street junkie吸入剂inhalant吸烟smoke吸烟tobacco smoke吸烟者smoker协同依赖性codependence心理治疗psychotherapy欣快euphoria欣快效应euphoriant effect兴奋剂stimulant兴奋加速的excitoacceleratory行为心理学behavior psychology行为异常dystropy酗酒drunken酗酒heavy drinking酗酒者alcoholics酗酒者人格alcoholic personality嗅胶sniffing glue鸦片mecon亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺3-4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA)烟草nicotiana tabacum烟草tabacco烟草戒断tobacco withdrawal烟草依赖性tobacco dependence烟草中毒tobaccoism烟土affion (offium)盐酸可卡因cocaine hydrochloride盐酸吗啡morphine hydrochloride药掺食法drug-admixed food method药代动力学pharmacokinetics药理学pharmacology药品政策drug policy药物安全性drug safety药物辨别drug discrimination (DD)药物不良反应adverse drug reaction药物测定drug determination药物成瘾drug habit药物成瘾性drug addiction药物过量drug overdose药物监测drug surveillance药物监控drug monitoring药物检测drug testing药物戒断drug withdrawal药物滥用drug abuse药物滥用方式drug abuse pattern药物流行病学drug epidemiology药物耐受性drug tolerance药物尿分析drug urinalysis药物受体结合drug receptor binding药物误用drug misuse药物依赖pharmacological dependence药物依赖性drug dependence药物中毒drug intoxication药物作用强度drug potency药效耐受性pharmacodynamic tolerance依赖性dependency依赖性潜力dependence potential依赖性倾向人格addiction prone personality依赖性特性dependence-producing property依赖性治疗dependence treatment依赖性综合征dependence syndrome抑郁症dysthymia disorders抑制兴奋的excitoinhibitory易感性neurological susceptibility罂粟秆浓缩物concentrate of poppy straw罂粟碱papaverine罂粟科papaveracease罂粟壳papaveris capsular罂粟壳poppy shell营养不良dystrophia(dystrophy)硬膜外注射epidural injection用药途径route of administration预防prevention预防复吸relapse prevention运动失调ataxia运动障碍dyscinesia (dyskinesia)镇痛剂analgesic agent镇痛剂analgesics镇痛作用analgesic activity止痛药analgesic drug志愿者volunteer治疗集体Therapeutic Community(TC)致幻剂drug of psychedelic致幻剂hallucinogen致幻剂hallucinogenic drug致依赖性药物dependence-producing drug中毒intoxication中枢兴奋机制central excitatory mechanism 重度吸烟者heavy smoker[俚]追龙（烫吸方式）chasing dragon注射斑痕needle track综合征syndrome。
英汉词汇对照表
英汉词汇对照表Aa date of expiration有效期a system of postmarketing surveillance药品上市后监管与风险评估项目系统and risk assessment programsa technological process工艺规程ABC classification ABC分类法abirritant缓和药absorefacient吸收剂abstention戒毒accelerated approva加速通过active substance活性成分adaptability适应性addiction成瘾性adjuvant treatment辅助治疗administering medicine发药administration管理administrative penalty行政处罚administrative sanctions行政处分adulterated medicines假药adulteration掺杂advanced principles of pharmaceutical law药事法规原理adverse drug reactions药品不良反应adverse event不良事件advertisement of drugs药品广告advertising广告Advisory Committee on Investigational Drugs研究型新药咨询委员会advisory conference顾问性会议allergy过敏反应alter the approves items变更许可内容American Association of College of Pharmacy，AACP美国药学院协会American Medical Association, AMA美国医学会American Pharmaceutical Association，APA美国药学会American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, ASHP美国医院药剂师协会amphetamine苯丙胺analytical instruments检验仪器ancillary therapeutic products辅助治疗产品anesthetics麻醉药品antagonism拮抗作用antianxiety drugs抗焦虑药antibiotics抗生素application申请appraisal of achievements in scientific research科研成果鉴定approval number批准文号approval of a new drug production新药生产审批assessment考核assistant pharmacist药剂士(助理药师)audit稽查authorization授权automated drug review自动药品评审avoid insects防虫avoid mouse防鼠Bbarbiturates 巴比妥类batch number 批号batch process 批生产工艺batch records 批记录behavioral science 行为科学beneficial result principle 效益原理bioavailability 生物利用度biochemical drugs 生化药物bioequivalence trial 生物等效性试验biotechnology drugs 生物工程药物blinding/masking 设盲blood products 血液制品Board of Pharmacy 药房理事会bogus drugs 假药brand name 商品名称British Pharmacopoeia Commission，BPC 英国药典委员会Bureau of Narcotic and Dangerous Drugs，BNDD 毒品和危险品药品局business license 营业执照Ccannabinoids 大麻酚cannabis 大麻care of drugs in storage 药库药品保管case record form 病历记录表Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research，CEER 生物制品评价研究中心Center for Drug Evaluation and Research，CDER 药品审评和研究中心Center for Drugs and Biologics 医药品生物制剂中心Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, CFSAN 食品安全和应用营养学中心Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，CDC 疾病控制与预防中心Centers for Medicine and Medicaid Services, CMS 美国医疗保险和医疗救助中心Central Pharmaceutical Affairs Council，CPAC 中央药事委员会(日本)cerivastatin 拜斯停certificate system 许可证制度certification 认证Certification Scheme in the Quality of Pharmaceutical 国际贸易药品质量签证体制Moving in International Commercecertified pharmacy technician 注册药房技术员chain pharmacies 连锁药房chemical synthetic drugs 化学合成药物chief pharmacist 主仸药师China Association Of Pharmaceutical Education，CAPE 中国医药教育协会China Pharmaceutical Yearbook 中国药学年鉴China Pharmacist 中国药师China Pharmacy 中国药房Chinese crude drug 中药材Chinese Pharmaceutical Affairs 中国药事Chinese Pharmaceutical Association，CPA 中国药学会Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal 中国药学杂志Chinese Traditional Products 中草药制剂chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪cipher prescription 协定处方Civil Service Act 《公务员法案》classify 分类clinical drugs monitoring 临床药物监测clinical pharmacist 临床药师clinical pharmacokinetics 临床药物动力学clinical pharmacy 临床药学clinical study 临床研究clinical trial 临床试验clinical verification 临床验证cocaine 可卡因code of ethics 道德准则code of statutes 法规codeine 可待因Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring 国际药物监测合作中心commercial law 商业法commercially available packs 商业包装commingling 混入Commission on Narcotic Drugs，CND 麻醉药品委员会Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products，CPMP 专利药品委员会Committee for Proprietary Products ,GPMP 专利药品评审委员会Committee of Drug Evaluation 药品审评委员会Committee on the Safety of Medicinal 人用药品安全委员会Products for Human Usecommodity 商品communication 人际沟通，信息交流学community pharmacy 社会药房compliance 依从性composition 成分compound preparation 复方制剂Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention 《全面药品滥用预防和控制法案》and Control Actconsultant pharmacist 咨询药师consultation 咨询Consumer Price Index, CPI 消费者价格指数container 容器contraindications 禁忌症control 对照control group 对照组Control of Clinical Trails Act 《临床试验管理法》control-experiment 对照实验controlled documents 受控文件controlling 控制copyright 著作权cost-benefit analysis 成本-效益分析法cost-effectiveness analysis 成本-效果分析法cost-minimum analysis 最小成本分析法cost-utility analysis 成本-效用分析法Council on Competitiveness 竞争委员会criminal responsibility 刑事责仸cross tolerance 交叉耐受性cross-contamination 交叉污染cure 治愈cure rate 治愈率Current Good Manufacturing Practice，CGMP 现行药品生产质量管理规范Ddampproof 防潮date of manufacture 生产日期decision-making theory 决策理论法declared material 申报材料defined daily dose 限定剂量Denmark（Danish Medicines Agency）丹麦药物署department of pharmaceutics 药剂研究室department of pharmacy 医院药学部(药剂科) department of pharmacy administration 药事管理学系(教研室)description 性状designer drugs 策划药developments principle 动态原理diagnostic drugs 诊断药品dihydroetorphine 二氢埃托啡directives 指令disease 疾病disease-prevention 预防disinfectant 消毒药剂dispensary 药房dispenser 配药人员dispensing of pharmaceutical preparations 配制制剂dissolution rate 溶出速度distributive centre 配送中心Division of Drug Risk Evaluation，DDRE 药品风险评价部Division of Narcotic Drugs，DND 联合国麻醉品司dosage and administration 剂量和用法dosage form 剂型drug addiction 药品成瘾性drug administration 药政(品)管理drug antagonism 药物拮抗作用drug certification 药品认证drug companies 制药公司drug control medical units 医疗单位的药剂管理drug deliver system 药物剂型的给药系统drug dependence 药品依赖性drug dispensing certificate 药品制剂许可证drug distribution 药品流通Drug Enforcement Administration，DEA 美国麻醉药物强制管理局drug evaluation 药物评价drug evaluation in community 药物的社会评价Drug Export License 出口药品准许证drug for exterior use 外用药．drug handler certificate 药品经营许可证drug handling enterprises 药品经营企业Drug Import Note 进口药品通关单drug induced disease 药源性疾病drug information activity 药学信息活动drug information center 药物信息中心drug information service 药物信息服务drug inspectors 药品监督员drug interactions 药物相互作用drug lag 药品评审滞后drug license 药品注册drug management method 药物管理办法drug manufacturer certificate 药品生产许可证drug manufacturing enterprises 药品生产企业drug name 药品名称drug pick up 药品出库drug poisoning 药物中毒Drug Price Competition and Patent- Term 《药品价格竞争和专利期限恢复法案》Restoration Act ( Waxman-Hatch Act) （韦克曼斯-哈奇法案）drug quality standard 药品质量标准drug specificities 药品特殊性drug standard 药品标准drug supervise 药品管理drug supervision and administration 药品监督管理drug supply and marketing 药品流通Drug Supply Certificate 药品经营许可证drug toxicity 药物毒性drug use control/management 用药管理（药物利用控制）drug utilization evaluation 药物利用评价drug utilization index 药物利用指数drug utilization study 药物利用研究druggist 药剂师drugs abuse 药物滥用drugs under special control 特殊管理的药品drugstore 药房(药店)Ducham – Humphrey Amendment 《杜拉姆- 汉弗雷修正案》Eeconomic calculation 经济核算economic management 经济管理economics 经济学efficacy 有效性electuary 冲剂emergency prescription 紧急处方energy level principle 能级原理enterprise 企业entirety decomposition synthesize principle 整分合原理epidemics 传染病epidemiology 流行病学equipment 设备essential component 主要成分essential drugs 国家基本药物Ethics Committee 伦理委员会EU Medicines Directive 欧盟药品法令EU Tradition Herbal Products Directive 欧盟传统药品法令European Agency for the Evaluation of 欧洲药品局Medicinal Products,EMEAEuropean Medicines Evaluation Agency，EMEA 欧洲药品审评局examine 审查examine and approve 审批examine and verify 审核excipient 辅料excretion 排泄expiration／expiry date 失效日期export license 出口准许证exportation 出口ex-post-facto research 事后回顾研究extensive metabolizer 快代谢型General sale medicines，GSM 普通零售药genuine Chinese crude drug 地道药材GMP inspecting to the spot GMP现场检查Ffactory building 厂房Factory Inspection Amendment 《工厂视察修正案》Fair Packaging and Labeling Act 《正确包装和标签法案》Federal Act 《联邦法》Federal Anti-Tampering Act 《联邦防篡改包装法案》Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, FDCA 《联邦食品、药品和化妆品法案》Federal Register 联邦注册处Federation International Pharmaceutical, FIP 国际药学联合会feed back principle 反馈原理fentanyl 芬太尼fill out on application 填写申请表final report 总结报告financial management 财务管理fine impose 罚款follow-up education in pharmacy 药学继续教育followup reports 跟进报告Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act 《FDA现代化法案》Food and Drug Administration, FDA 美国药品食品管理局France Health Products Safety Agency 法国健康品安全管理局functions of management 管理的职能Ggeneral products 普通制剂general provisions 总则Generic Drug Enforcement Act 《通用名药品执法法案》generic drugs 仿制药品generic name 通用名称Germany Federal Institute for Drugs 德国联邦药物与医疗器械所and Medical Devices，BfarMGood Agricultural Practice，GAP 中药材生产质量管理规范Good Clinical Practice，GCP 药品临床试验管理规范Good Laboratory Practice，GLP 药品非临床研究质量管理规范Good Manufacturing Practice, GMP 药品生产质量管理规范Good Pharmacovigilance Pracitces of the 西班牙药物警戒体系药物警戒规范Spanish Pharmacovigilance SystemGood Supplying practice，GSP 药品经营质量管理规范Government Accountability Office 政府责仸办公室Guidelines for Good Pharmacy Practice，GPP 优良药房工作规范Hhallucinogens 致幻剂handling of drugs 药品经营Harrison Narcotic Act 《哈里森毒品法案》Hawthorne experience 霍桑实验head of pharmacy 药房主仸health for all by the year 2000 2000年人人享有卫生保健herbal drugs 草药heroin 海格因history of pharmacy 药学史homeopathic pharmacopoeia 顺势疗法药典homogeneous material 均一性物料hospital drug management 医院药品管理hospital information system，HIS 医院管理信息系统hospital pharmaceutical administration 医院药事管理hospital pharmacy 医院药学，医院药房hospital pharmacy affairs 医院药事hospital pharmacy management 医院药房管理Human and Health Service 美国人类健康服务部hygienic environment 卫生环境Iimport license 进口准许证importation 进口in a cool and dry place 置阴凉干燥处incompatibility 配伍禁忌independent community pharmacy 独立药房indications 适应症Individual Case Safety Reports, ICSR 个案安全报告individual difference／variation 个体差异industrial property 工业产权inferior medicines 劣药information retrieval 情报检索informed consent form 知情同意书infusion fluid 输液insecticide 杀虫剂institutes for drug control 药品检验所institutional pharmacy 医疗机构药房Insulin Amendment 《胰岛素修正案》International Conference on Harmonisation，ICH 人用药品注册技术国际协调会International Federation of Pharmaceutical 国际制药联合会Manufactures Association，IFPMAInternational Narcotics Control Board 国际麻醉品管制局International Nonproprietary Names for 国际非专利药名Pharmaceutical Substance，INNInternational Pharmacopoeia 国际药典International Standard Organization 国际标准化组织intervention 干预investigation 调查investigational drugs 研究用药物Investigational New Drug，IND 研究性新药investigator 调查者investigator’s brochure研究者手册Irish Medicines Board，IMB 爱尔兰药品管理局irreversibility 不可逆性irreversible reaction 不可逆反应JJapan Pharmaceutical Association 日本药学会Japan Pharmacists Education Center 日本药师教育中心KKefauver – Harris Drug Amendments 《科夫沃–哈里斯药品修正案》Llabel 标签label of the drugs 药品标签Law on Licensed Doctors of the 中华人民共和国执业医师法People’s Republic of Chinaleadership style 领导方式legal aspects of drug development，药品研制、生产和营销的法规production and marketinglegal obligations／responsibility 法律责仸legal person 法人licensed pharmacist 执业药师lysergic acid diethylamide 麦角酰二乙胺Mmacroeconomics 宏观经济学management 管理，管理学management activity 管理活动management by objectives 目标管理management by participation 参与管理management category 管理范畴management ends 管理目的management engineering 管理工程management function 管理职能management means 管理手段management object 管理对象management psychology 管理心理学management science 管理科学management system 管理系统management tier 管理层次manufacturing date 出厂日期marketing 市场营销学marketing authorization 上市许可marketing authorization holder，MAH 上市许可证持有者Martindale’s Extra Pharmacopoeia马丁代尔大药典Maslow’s hierarchy of needs 马斯洛需要层次理论Maximum Tolerate Dose，MTD 最大耐受量medical apparatus 医疗器械Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities, MedDRA 《监管活动医学辞典》medical practitioner 临床实践医生Medical representative, MR 医药代表medical toxic drugs 医疗用毒性药品medical treatment 医疗medicament 药剂Medicinal Products Ordinance 药品条例medicine commerce 医药商业Medicines Control Agency，MCA 药品控制机构Memoranda of Understanding, MOUS 谅解备忘录metabolism 代谢methadone 美沙酮methamphetamine 甲基苯丙胺methods of giving medicine 给药方法minimal bactericidal concentration 最低杀菌浓度minimal inhibitory concentration 最低抑菌浓度misbranded drug 冒牌药物misuse 误用model product 典型产品Modern Chinese medicine preparations 现代中药制剂modern drugs 现代药modernization of management 管理现代化monitor 监视员moral standards 道德规范morphine 吗啡motivation 激励motive power principle 动力原则multicenter trail 多中心试验multiple exposures 多重用药mutual recognition 互认程序Nname 命名narcotic drugs 麻醉药品national capital drugs 国家基本药物National Committee on the Assessment of the 国家中药品种保护审评委员会Protected Traditional Chinese MedicinalProducts P.R.C.，NPTMPNational Drug Policy，NDP 国家药物政策National Library of medicine 国家医学图书馆national treatment 国民待遇原则neuropharmacology 神经药理学new biological preparation 新生物制品new chemical entity, NCE 新化学实体New Drug Application，NDA 新药申请new drugs 新药non-compliance 不依从性nonprescription drugs 非处方药non-proprietary drug 非专利商品药物OOath of a Pharmacist 药师誓言objective evidence 客观证据observation period （新药）监测期Office of Medical Policy，OMP 医药政策办公室Office of Pharmcoepidemiology and 药品流行病学与统计学办公室Statistical Sciences，OPSSOffice of the Commissioner，OC 局长办公室official name 法定名称operation management theory 经营-管理理论opium 鸦片organization structure 组织结构organization, organizing 组织original records 原始记录Orphan Drug Act 《孤儿药品法案》orphan drugs 罕见病用药物outpatient 门诊病人outward design patent 外观设计专利over dosage 药物过量over the counter drugs, OTC 非处方药overuse 过量使用Ppackage insert 说明书packaged for sale 销售包装packaging material 包装材料packing 包装parallel track 平行审评part-time business for drug 兼营药品patient medication record 药历(病人用药记录) patients oriented 以病人为中心pellet principle 弹性原理penal code 刑法Penicillin Amendment 《盘尼西林修正案》Periodic Adverse Experience Submission 定期不良事件申报pethidine 哌替定(度冷丁) pharmaceutical affairs organization 药事组织pharmaceutical care 药学保健(药学服务) pharmaceutical economics 药物经挤学pharmaceutical factory／committee 药厂Pharmaceutical Management Committee 药事管理委员会pharmaceutical marketing 药物市场营销学pharmaceutical quality management 药品质量管理pharmaceutical service 药局pharmaceutical technicians 药学技术人员pharmaceutical work 药剂工作pharmacist 药师pharmacist assistant 药师助理pharmacodynamics 药效学pharmacoeconomics 药物经济学pharmacoepidemiology 药物流行病学pharmacognosy 生药学pharmacokinetics 药代动力学pharmacological study 药理研究pharmacological test 药理试验pharmacopoeia 药典Pharmacopoeia Committee 药典委员会Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of C hina 《中华人民共和国药典》pharmacotherapeutics 药物治疗学pharmacotherapy 药物疗法pharmacovigilance 药物警戒pharmacy administration 药事管理学Pharmacy Administration Committee 药事管理委员会pharmacy and its environment 药学与周围环境pharmacy and therapeutic committee 药学与治疗委员会pharmacy education 药学教育pharmacy information 药学信息pharmacy intern 实习药师pharmacy jurisprudence 药事法学pharmacy law 药事法规pharmacy management 药房管理pharmacy organization 药学组织pharmacy practice 药学实践pharmacy technician 药房技术员pharmainfornet 药学信息网pharmakinetics 药物动力学physical dependence 身体依赖性Plan、Do、Check、Action 戴明循环(计划、执行、检查、处理过程)planning 计划poisons pharmaceuticals 毒性药品poor metabolizer 慢代谢型poppy shell 罂粟壳Post Marketing Surveillance，PMS 售后跟踪调查practice of pharmacy 药房业务precaution 注意事项preparation room 制剂室prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs 中药饮片prescribed by a doctor 医师处方prescribed daily doses 处方日剂量prescription 药方(处方)prescription drug 处方药Prescription Drug Marketing Act 《处方药销售法案》preventive maintenance 预防性维修保养primary health care 初级卫生保健principles of management 管理学原理priority 优先权process of management 管理的过程processing procedures 炮制规范produce drug 药品生产production of narcotic drugs 麻醉药品生产production operation of management 生产操作管理products oriented 以物为中心professional ethics 职业道德professional qualification 专业资格program of computer 计算机程序proprietary drug 专利商品药物protect from light 避光protection of new drugs 新药保护protocol 试验方案provisions on review and evaluation of generic drugs 仿制药品审批办法provisions on review and evaluation of 新生物制品审批办法 new biological productsprovisions on review and evaluation of new drugs 新药审批办法psychic dependence 精神依赖性psychological dependence 心理依赖性psychotomimetics 拟精神病药物psychotropic substances 精神药品Public Health Security and Bioterrorism 《公共健康安全和生物恐怖主义对应法案》Preparedness and Response ActPublic Health Services Act 公众保健法public pharmacy 公共药学purchasing drug 药品采购put drugs in storage 药品入库Qqualitative studies 定性研究quality assurance 质量保证quality control 质量控制quality improvement 质量改进quality management 质量管理quality of life 生命质量quality of life analysis 生命质量分析quantitative studies 定量研究Rradioactive pharmaceuticals 放射性药品radioactively labeled substance 放射性标记物radioactivity 放射性randomization 随机化randomized controlled trail 随机对照试验Rapid Alert System，RAS 应急系统rare events 罕有事件rational use of drugs 合理用药raw material 原料recommendations and opinions 建议与意见reference 参考文献Reference Member State 相关成员国reference service 咨询服务refrigerated storage 冷冻贮存refrigeration 冷藏regional ADR centers 地区性药物不良反应中心Regional Field Office 地区办公室registered assistant pharmacist 注册助理药师registered pharmacist 注册药师registered trademark 注册商标registration 注册regulations 条例regulations on new drugs protection and technical transfer新药保护和技术转让的规定regulatory authority 监管机构repackagers 药物分装厂research in pharmacy administration 药事管理研究research method 科研方法学resistance 耐药性retail pharmacy 零售药店Reye’s Syndro me 雷氏综合症route of administration 给药途径routine order 常规医嘱Ssafety 安全性safety evaluation 安全性评价sale forecasting 销售预测sale of drugs 销售药品satellite pharmacy 卫星药房Science Citation Index，SCI 科学引文索引scientific research program 科学研究计划seal principle 封闭原理sedativehypnotics 镇静催眠药seize 没收self-medication 自我药疗separation pharmacy from medicine 医药分业sera and vaccines 血清疫苗serious adverse event 严重不良事件shake before taken 服用前摇匀side effects 副作用social and administrative pharmacy 社会和管理药学social and behavioral pharmacy 社会行为药学social medicine 社会医学social pharmacy 社会药学social psychology 社会心理学sociology 社会学soft science 软科学special column 专论special／specific 特殊性specification 规范Spontaneous Reporting System，SPS 志愿报告监测体系spot-check 抽查stability 稳定性Standard Operating Procedure，SOP 标准操作程序standardization of drugs 药品标准化State Drug Administration，SDA 国家药品监督管理局State Food and Drug Administration，SFDA 国家食品药品监督管理局statistics 统计学sterile products 灭菌制剂stopper tightly 密封storage life 贮存期限storeroom 药品仓库studies of drug utilization 药物利用研究substitute 代用品(代用药)suitability 适应性summation 相加作用supervise and inspect 监督检查supervision and management of drugs 药品监督管理supervision of drugs 药品监督Supplemental NDA 新药申请书（补充申请）supplementary provisions 附则supply for export 出口包装Suspected Adverse Reaction, SAR 可疑不良反应Sweden（Medical Products Agency）瑞典药物署synergism 协同作用synthetic 合成system for drug reserve 药品储备制度systems principle 系统原理Ttetrahyocannabinol 四氢大麻酚Thalidomide Event 反应停事件The Bribery，Graft，and Conflicts of Interest Act 《贿赂、贪污和利益冲突法案》the Dai nationality medicines 傣医药the discipline of pharmacy administration 药事管理学科The Drug Administration Law 药品管理法The Drug Administration Law of the 《中华人民共和国药品管理法》People’s of Republic of Chinathe hemp 大麻The Medal State Pharmacy Act and Model 标准州药房法Regulation of the National Association of BoardsThe National Association of Boards of Pharmacy，NABP 美国国家药事管理委员会协会The Pharmacist Code of Genoa 热那亚药事法(意大利) the resources of natural crude drugs 野生药材资源The Royal Pharmaceutical of Society 英国皇家药学会of Great Britain，RPSGBthe science of law 法学the site of a factory 厂址The State Council 国务院the Uigur nationality medicines 维吾尔药the unit dose system of medication distribution 单位剂量调配系统therapeutical drug monitoring 治疗药物监测Tibetan medicines 藏药tolerance 耐受性total parenteral nutrition 全静脉营养total quality control 全面质量管理toxicity of traditional Chinese drugs 毒性中药toxicological test 毒理试验toxicology 毒理学trade mark of drugs 药品商标traditional Chinese medicine preparations 中成药traditional drugs 传统药traditional management 传统管理traditional Mongolian medicines 蒙药trizolam 三唑仑UU.S. health care system 美国医疗系统United Kingdom Medicines and Healthcare 英国药物和保健产品监管署Products Regulatory AgencyUnited Nations Commission of Narcotic Drugs，CND 联合国麻醉品委员会United Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control 联合国药物滥用管制基金unlicensed personnel 无执照人员urgent communication of a significant risk 重大风险紧急通知use in eldly patient 老年患者用药useful life 有效期utility models patent 实用新型专利Vvaccine adverse event reporting system 疫苗不良事件报告体系validation 确认(验证)validity date 有效期verification 验证veterinary medicinal products 兽药Veterinary Products Committee，VPC 兽药委员会vial 药瓶vice chief pharmacist 副主仸药师Wwait for examine 待验warning 警告、告诫Wheeler – Lea Act 《韦勒- 李法案》wholesaler 批发商withdrawal syndrome 戒断症状World Health Organization，WHO 世界卫生组织World Intellectual Property Organization，WIPO 世界知识产权组织World Trade Organization，WTO 世界贸易组织Yyellow card system 黄色卡片制度。
药理学英汉
英汉常用药理学词汇pharmacology 药理学pharmacodynamics药物效应动力学drug action 药物作用pharmacological effect 药理效应therapeutic effect 治疗作用adverse reaction 不良反应etiological treatment 对因治疗symptomatic treatment 对症治疗side reaction 副反应toxic reaction 毒性反应allergic reaction 变态反应dose-effect relationship 剂量-效应关系maximun efficacy 最大效能concentration for 50% of maximum effect （EC50）半最大效应浓度（半效能）median effective dose (ED50) 半数有效量therapeutic index （TI）治疗指数margin of safety 安全范围receptor 受体ligand 配体agonist 激动药antagonist 拮抗药affinity 亲和力intrinsic activity 内在活性competitive antagonist 竞争性拮抗药partial agonist 部分激动药pharmacokinetics 药物代谢动力学absorption 吸收distribution 分布biotransformation 生物转化excretion 排泄elimination 消除hepato-enteral circulation 肝肠循环elimination half-life time（t1/2）消除半衰期area under the curve （AUC）曲线下面积bioavailability 生物利用度zero-order kinetics 零级动力学first-order kinetics 一级动力学elimination rate constant (k e) 消除速率常数plasma clearance （Cl）血浆清除率apparent volume of distribution（Vd）表观分布容积rate of elimination（RE）消除速率interaction 相互作用synergism 协同作用antagonism 拮抗作用incompatibility 配伍禁忌tolerance 耐受性addiction 成瘾性dependence 依赖性drug resistance 耐药性cholinoceptor agonists 胆碱受体激动药acetylcholine (ACh) 乙酰胆碱pilocarpine 毛果芸香碱neostigmine 新斯的明pyraloxime methoiodide (PAM) 碘解磷定cholinoceptor bloking drugs 胆碱受体阻断药atropine 阿托品anisodamine山莨菪碱scopolamine 东莨菪碱succinylcholine 琥珀胆碱d-tubocurarine 筒箭毒碱pancuronium 泮库铵vecuronium 维库铵atracurium 阿曲库铵adrenoceptor agonists 肾上腺素受体激动药noradrenaline (NA) 去甲肾上腺素adrenaline (AD) 肾上腺素dopamine (DA) 多巴胺ephedrine 麻黄碱isoprenaline 异丙肾上腺素adrenoceptor bloking drugs 肾上腺素受体阻断药phentolamine 酚妥拉明phenoxybenzamine酚苄明propranolol 普萘洛尔timolol 噻吗洛尔pindolol 吲哚洛尔esmolol 艾司洛尔atenolol 阿替洛尔metoprolol美托洛尔labetolol 拉贝洛尔local anaesthetics 局部麻醉药procaine 普鲁卡因lidocaine 利多卡因tetracaine 丁卡因bupivacaine 布比卡因ropivacaine 罗哌卡因general anaesthetics 全身麻醉药anesthetic ether 麻醉乙醚halothane 氟烷enflurane 恩氟烷isoflurane 异氟烷nitrous oxide 氧化亚氮pentothal sodium 硫喷妥钠ketamine 氯胺酮propofol 丙泊酚sedatives 镇静药hypnotics 催眠药benzodiazepines 苯二氮卓类barbiturates 巴比妥类diazepam 地西泮flurazepam 氟西泮chlordiazepoxide氯氮卓oxazepam 奥沙西泮triazolam三唑仑flumazenil 氟马西尼luminal 鲁米那（苯巴比妥）chloral hydrate 水合氯醛phenytoin sodium 苯妥英钠carbamazepine卡马西平, 酰胺咪嗪primidone 扑米酮, 扑痫酮ethosuximide 乙琥胺sodium valproate丙戊酸钠clonazepam 氯硝西泮nitrazepam硝西泮clobazam 氯巴占gabapentin 加巴喷丁lamotrigine 拉莫三嗪topiramate 托吡酯magnesium sulfate 硫酸镁levodopa 左旋多巴carbidopa 卡比多巴seligiline 司来吉兰amantadine 金刚烷胺bromocriptine 溴隐亭pergolide 培高利特trihexyphenidyl苯海索procyclidine 丙环定kemadrin 卡马特灵antipsychotic drugs 抗精神病药antimanic and antidepressive drugs 抗躁狂抑郁症药antianxiety drugs抗焦虑药chlorpromazine 氯丙嗪pipotiazine 哌泊噻嗪chlorprothixene 氯普噻吨haloperidol 氟哌啶醇penfluridol五氟利多sulpiride 舒必利clozapine 氯氮平risperidone 利培酮imipramine 丙米嗪（米帕明）maprotiline 马普替林mianserin 米安色林nomifensine 诺米芬新fluoxetine 氟西汀venlafaxine 文拉法辛lithium carbonate 碳酸锂buspirone 丁螺环酮analgesics镇痛药morphine 吗啡codeine可待因pethidine 哌替啶alphaprodine 阿法罗定fentanyl 芬太尼methadone 美沙酮pentazocine 喷他佐辛（镇痛新）dihydroetorphine 二氢埃托啡tramadol 曲马朵bucinnazine 布桂嗪（强痛定）rotundine 罗通定naloxone 纳洛酮naltrexone 纳曲酮central stimulants 中枢兴奋药caffeine 咖啡因methylphenidate 哌醋甲酯meclofenoxate 甲氯芬酯，氯酯醒piracetam 吡拉西坦，脑复康nikethamide 尼可刹米lobeline 山梗菜碱，洛贝林antipyretic-analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs 解热镇痛抗炎药non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 非甾体抗炎药acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin 乙酰水杨酸, 阿司匹林acetaminophen 对乙酰氨基酚phenylbutazone 保泰松indomethacin 吲哚美辛，消炎痛ibuprofen 异丁苯丙酸，布洛芬piroxicam 吡罗昔康meloxicam 美洛昔康nimesulide 尼美舒利calcium channel blocker 钙拮抗药verapamil, isoptin, 维拉帕米, 异搏定diltiazem地尔硫卓nifedipine 硝苯地平，心痛定amlodipine 氨氯地平felodipine 非洛地平isradipine 伊拉地平nisodipine 尼索地平bepridil 苄普地尔cinnarizine 桂利嗪flunarizine 氟桂利嗪perhexiline 哌克昔林prenylamine 普尼拉明nicardipine 尼卡地平nimodipine 尼莫地平nitrendipine 尼群地平quinidine 奎尼丁procainamide 普鲁卡因胺lidocaine 利多卡因propafenone 普罗帕酮amiodarone 胺碘酮sotalol 索他洛尔adenosine 腺苷digoxin 地高辛digitoxin 洋地黄毒苷deslanoside 去乙酰毛花苷（西地兰）strophanthin K 毒毛花苷Kangiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) 血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂captopril卡托普利enalpril依那普利losartan 氯沙坦valsartan 缬沙坦irbesartan 厄贝沙坦metoprolol 美托洛尔carvedilol 卡维洛尔bisoprolol 比索洛尔vesnarinone 维司力农nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油prodrug 前药isosorbide dinitrate 硝酸异山梨酯clofibrate 氯贝特lovastatin 洛伐他汀simvastatin 辛伐他汀fluvastatin 氟伐他汀cholestyramine 考来烯胺nicotinic acid 烟酸probucol 普罗布考clonidine 可乐定moxonidine 莫索尼定prazosin 哌唑嗪terazosin 特拉唑嗪urapidil 乌拉地尔hydralazine 肼屈嗪sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠pinacidil 吡那地尔minoxidil 米诺地尔diazoxide 二氮嗪indapamide 吲达帕胺ketanserin 酮色林diuretics利尿药furosemide 呋塞米bumetanide 布美他尼hydrochlorothiazide 氢氯噻嗪chlortalidone 氯噻酮spironolactone 螺内酯triamterene 氨苯蝶啶amiloride 阿米洛利acetazolamide 乙酰唑胺mannitol 甘露醇heparin肝素low-molecular-weight heparins （LMWHs）低分子量肝素hirudin 水蛭素dicoumarol 双香豆素warfarin 华法林ticlopidine 噻氯匹啶dipyridamole 双嘧达莫prostacyclin (PGI2) 前列环素streptokinase (SK) 链激酶urokinase (UK) 尿激酶tissue-type plasminogen activator （t-PA）组织型纤溶酶原激活物anistreplase 阿尼普酶vitamin K 维生素Kerythropoietin (EPO) 红细胞生成素granulocyte colony-stimulating factor （G-CSF）粒细胞集落刺激因子granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor （GM-CSF）粒细胞/巨噬细胞集落刺激因子dextran 右旋糖酐diphenhydramine 苯海拉明promethazine 异丙嗪astemizole阿司咪唑cimetidine 西米替丁ranitidine 雷米替丁famotidine 法莫替丁nizatidine 尼扎替丁ebrotidine 乙溴替丁theophylline 茶碱terbutaline 特布他林formoterol 福莫特罗salmeterol 沙美特罗beclomethasone 倍氯米松flunisolide 氟尼缩松budesonide 布地萘德sodium cromoglycate色甘酸钠nedocromil 奈多罗米omeprazole奥美拉唑(洛赛克losec) domperidone 多潘立酮（吗丁林 motilium）ondansetron 昂丹司琼（奥丹西隆）cisapride 西沙必利mosapride 莫沙必利diphenoxylate 地芬诺酯loperamide 洛哌丁胺glucocorticoids 糖皮质激素hydrocortisone 氢化可的松prednisone 泼尼松prednisolone 泼尼松龙dexamethasone 地塞米松propylthiouracil 丙硫氧嘧啶thiamazole 甲巯咪唑（他巴唑 tapazole）insulin胰岛素chlorpropamide 氯磺丙脲glyburide，glibenclamide 格列本脲glipizide 格列吡嗪gliclazide 格列齐特，达美康glimepride 格列美脲gliquidone 格列喹酮metformin二甲双胍acarbose 阿卡波糖voglibose 伏格列波糖rosiglitazone 罗格列酮repaglinide 瑞格列奈Chemotherapy 化学治疗学β-lactams β–内酰胺类penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) 青霉素结合蛋白penicillin G 青霉素oxacillin 苯唑西林ampicillin氨苄西林amoxycillin 阿莫西林carbenicillin 羧苄西林azlocillin 阿洛西林piperacillin哌拉西林cephalothin 头孢噻吩cephalexin 头孢氨苄cefuroxme 头孢夫辛cefaclor 头孢克洛ceftriaxone 头孢曲松ceftazidime 头孢他定cefoperazone 头孢哌酮imipenem亚胺培南sulbactam 舒巴坦tazobactam 三唑巴坦aztreonam 氨曲南erythromycin 红霉素acetylspiramycin 乙酰螺旋霉素medecamycin 麦迪霉素azithromycin 阿齐霉素roxithromycin罗红霉素clindamycin 克林霉素vancomycin 万古霉素aminoglycosides 氨基甙类streptomycin 链霉素gentamicin庆大霉素tobramycin 妥布霉素amikacin 阿米卡星netilmicin 奈替米星tetracycline 四环素doxycycline 多西环素minocycline 诺环素chloramphenicol,chloromycetin 氯霉素quinolones 喹诺酮类norfloxacin 诺氟沙星ofloxacin 氧氟沙星pefloxacin 培氟沙星ciprofloxacin 环丙沙星fleroxacin 氟罗沙星sulfadiazine 磺胺嘧啶sulfamethoxazole 磺胺甲恶唑trimethoprim 甲氧苄啶griseofulvin 灰黄霉素amphotericin B 两性霉素Bketoconazole 酮康唑fluconazole 氟康唑isoniazid, rimifon 异烟肼，雷米封rifampicin,rifampin 利福平，甲哌力复霉素ethambutol 乙胺丁醇pyrazinamide 吡嗪酰胺chloroquine氯喹artemisinin 青蒿素primaquine 伯氨喹pyrimethamine 乙胺嘧啶metronidazole甲硝唑praziquantel 吡喹酮diethylcarbamazine乙胺嗪mebendazole 甲苯达唑albendazole阿苯达唑niclosamide 氯硝柳胺fluorouracil （5－）氟尿嘧啶mercaptopurine （6-）巯基嘌呤methotrexate 甲氨蝶呤hydroxycarbamide 羟基脲cyclophosphamide环磷酰胺busulfan 白消安bleomycin 博来霉素mitomycin C 丝裂霉素cisplatin 顺铂carbolatin 卡铂（碳铂）camptothecine 喜树碱hydroxycamptothecine 羟喜树碱actinomycin 放线菌素D daunorubicin柔红霉素doxorubicin 多柔比星vinblastine 长春碱vincristine 长春新碱etoposide 依托泊苷teniposide 替尼泊苷paclitaxel 紫杉醇harringtonine 三尖杉酯碱L-asparaginase L-门冬酰胺酶。
药物依赖性drugdependence
（三）药物成瘾与药物滥用
1、能成瘾的药物种类
（1）麻醉药品（narcotic drugs）
连续使用后易产生身体依赖性，能成瘾癖的药品。 1）阿片类（opioids） 2）可卡因类（cocaines） 3）大麻类（cannabis）
药物滥用形式有： ①为满足某种精神体验将药物用于非医疗目的之 用途； ②烟、酒类等生活嗜好品过度使用而损害健康和 社会生活； ③非法获取和使用法定管制的药物。 危害性严重的
法定管制药品常称为毒品，毒品滥用是正在蔓延扩散的严 重问题。
药物滥用主要集中毒品滥用（吸毒）以及过度使用烟、酒 等生活嗜好品，其后果除了损害滥用者身体健康的医疗问 题外，还带来严重的社会问题。
元，可以减弱或阻断这些药物的精神依赖性形成 ；
DA受体阻断药能引起厌恶效应。不同药物分别对 VTA和NAc的DA神经有促进作用。
与药物依赖性有关的脑区（A）和与精神依赖 性有关的脑区（B）
A
B
与药物依赖性有关的脑区（A）和与精神依赖 性有关的脑区（B）
药物精神依赖性有关的脑区
人脑内药物 依赖性有关 的脑区
可卡因和苯丙胺类药 物对单胺类神经递质 转运的抑制作用
（3）成瘾药物复吸机制
•药物成瘾（如吸毒）的持久性特点表现在复吸 （relapse），或以前获得的觅药行为的再现。 •神经可塑性变化形成经验依赖的学习记忆，是复吸 的基础条件。 •在成瘾药物相关的环境刺激（如吸毒场所）或应激 （如负性生活事件）影响下，激活觅药和用药行为。 复吸有关的内在神经结构非常复杂，但中脑边缘DA 系统是其中的关键因素，还有DA非依赖的机制。
药剂词汇英汉对照
药剂词汇英汉对照AAbsolute bioavailability 绝对生物利用度Absorption 吸收Acacia 阿拉伯胶Accelerated stability 加速稳定性实验Accumulation factor蓄积因子Additive 附加剂Adjuvant 辅料Administration 给药，用法Aerosil 微粉硅胶Aerosol 气雾剂Agar 琼胶Aggregation 聚集Albumin 白蛋白Alginate(alginate acid)海藻酸盐（海藻酸）Amorphous form 无定型Amphiphilic 两亲性的Angle of repose 休止角Angle of friction 摩擦角Ampoule 安瓿Anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂Antiseptics 防腐剂；消毒剂Antioxidant 抗氧化剂Apparent first-order absorption(elimination)表观一级吸收（消除）Apparent volume of distribution 表观分布容积Rate constant速度，速率Aromatic waters 芳香水剂Aseptic manipulation 无菌操作Autoclave 高压灭菌器Autoxidation 自动氧化Azone 氮酮BBentonite 硅皂土Binder 粘合剂Bioadhesive tablets 生物粘附片Biocompatibility 生物相容性Bioequivalence 生物等效性Biologic half-life 生物半衰期Biotransformation 生物转化Buccal tablets 口含片Buccal administration 颊给药Bulk density 堆密度CCapacity—limited and nonlinear process 能力有限和非线性过程Capillary action 毛细管作用Capping 顶裂Carboxypolymethylene 聚羧乙烯Capsul 胶囊Carnauba wax 巴西棕榈蜡Carbopol 卡波普Carrier-mediated transfer system 载体转运系统Cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂Cellulose acetate phthalate(CAP) 邻苯二甲酸醋酸纤维素Cetyl alcohol 鲸蜡醇Chelating agent 螯合剂Chewable tablets 咀嚼片Chipping 裂片Chitin 壳聚糖Chitosan 脱乙酰壳聚糖Chronopharmacokinetics 时辰药物动力学Clarity(test) 澄明度（检查）Cloud point 浊点Co-solvency 潜溶Coagulation 聚沉Coating 包衣Cocoa butter 可可豆脂Cohesiveness 粘着性Colloid mill 胶体磨Comminution 粉碎Comples coacervation method 复凝聚法Content uniformity test 含量均匀试验Controlled release preparation 控释制剂Coprecipitate 共沉淀物Coulter counter 库氏计数器Cracking 松片Creaming 乳析Creatinine clearance 肌酐清除率Critical micelle concentration(cmc) 临界胶束浓度Croscarmellose sodium(ccna)交联羧甲基纤维素钠Crospovidone 交联聚维酮Cyclodextrin inclusion compound 环糊精包合物DDecoction 煎煮法,汤剂Deflocculating agent 反絮凝剂Delayed release 延缓释放Dextrin 糊精Die 模圈，冲磨Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) 差示扫描量热法Differential thermal analysis(DTA) 差示热分析法Diffusion coefficient 扩散系数Diluents 稀释剂Dimethyl acetamide(DMA) 二甲基乙酰胺Dimethyl formamide(DMF) 二甲基乙酰胺Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) 二甲基亚砜Disinfectant 消毒剂，灭菌剂Disintegrant 崩解剂Dispersible tablets 分散片Displacement value 置换价Dissolution 溶出Distribution 分布Dosage form 剂型Dosage regimen 给药方案Dosing interval 给药间隔Drug compatibility 药物配伍Drug delivery system 药物传递系统Drug disposition 药物处置Duration 作用持续性Dustibility 松散性EEffervescent tablets 泡腾片Elimination 消除Elixirs酏剂Emulsions 乳剂Emulsification 乳化作用Encapsulation coefficency 包封率Endocytosis内吞作用Enemas 灌肠剂Enteric coated tablets 肠衣片Enterohepatic cycle肝肠循环Equivalent diameter 等价径，当量直径Drodible matrix 溶蚀型骨架Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer（EVAC）乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物Ethyl cellulose（EC）乙基纤维素Eudragit 丙烯酸树脂Eutectic mixture 低共熔混合物Excipient 赋形剂，辅料Extended release持续释放Extract preparation 浸出制剂Extracts 浸膏剂Extravascular administration 血管外给药FFacilitated diffusion 促进扩散Fast 禁食Feed shoe 饲粉靴Fillers 填充剂Film coated tablets 薄膜衣片Filter candle(disk) 滤棒First pass effect 首过效应Flavoring agent 矫味剂Flocculant 絮凝剂Fluctuation 波动性Fluid bed coating(granulation) 流化床包衣制粒Fluid energy mill 流能磨Fluid extracts 流浸膏剂Fluid mosaic model 液体相嵌模型Food and drug adiministration(FDA)食品药品管理局Fomulation 处方Friability 脆碎度Fusion 融合作用GGargles 漱口剂Gelatin 明胶Gelatin glycerin 甘油明胶Gildants 助流剂Glomerular filtration 肾小球滤过Glycerite 甘油剂Glyceryl monostearate 单硬脂酸甘油酯Glycoprotein 蛋白糖Good manufacturing practice(GMP)药品生产质量管理规范Granule density 粒密度Greasing bases 油脂性基质Guest molecule 客分子HHealthy volunteer 健康受试者High-efficiency particle air filter 高效空气过滤嚣Horizontal laminar flow 水平层流Hopper 加料斗Host molecule主分子Hydrocarbon base烃类基质Hydrogel matrix水凝胶骨架Hydrogenated vegetable oil氢化植物油Hydrophile-lipophile balance(HLB)亲水亲油平衡值Hydrophilic metrix亲水性骨架Hydroscopicity吸湿性Hydrotropic agent助溶剂Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose(HPMC)羟丙基甲基纤维素Hydroxypropylstarch羟丙基淀粉IImplant植入剂In vitro体外In vivo体内Inclusion compound包合物Imcompatibility配合物Imdustrial pharmacy工业药剂学Infusion浸渍，浸剂，输注Inhalation aerosols吸入气雾剂Injection注射剂Instantraneous rate瞬时速率Interfacial polymerization界面缩聚法Intra uterine device(IUD)宫内给药嚣Intra vaginal ring(IVR)阴道环Intravenous infusion静脉滴注Inulin菊粉Iontophoresis离子等渗Irrigations灌洗剂Iso-osmotic solution等渗溶液Isotonic solution等张溶液Isotonicity等张性JThe Parmacopoeia of japan日本药局方KKidney function肾功能Kinetics parameter动力学参数LL-hydroxypropyl cellulose(L-HPC)低取代羟丙基纤维素Lactose乳糖Lag time时滞Lake色淀Laminar flow clean bench层流洁净工作台Lamination层裂Leak test(testing)漏气试验Lecithin(e)卵磷脂Linuis test鲎试验Liniment涂抹油，擦剂Liposome脂质体Loading dose负荷剂量Lotion洗剂Lubricants润滑剂Lyophilic亲液的Lyophilization冷冻干燥Lyophobic疏液的MMaceration浸渍Macromolecular solution高分子溶液Macrovesicle liposome大多孔脂质体Magnetic microspheres磁性微球Maintenance dose维持剂量Matrix tablets骨架片Mean residence time(MRT)平均滞留时间Medicinal liquor洒剂Membrane evaporator薄膜浓缩器Metastable亚稳的Methyl cellulose(MC)甲基纤维素Micelle胶团Michaelis-menten kinetics MM动力学Microcapsules微囊Microspheres 微球Microcrystalline cellulose微晶纤维素Microemulsion微乳Microencapsulation微型包囊技术Micronise微粉化Microporous membrane微孔膜Microvilli微绒毛Migration迁移Minimun effective concentration(level)最小有效浓度Minimun toxic concentration最小中毒浓度Mixer混合机Mixtures合剂Moistening agent润湿剂Monoclonal antibody单克隆抗体Mottling色斑Mucilages胶浆剂Multilamellar,multiple compartment liposome多室脂质体Multiple compartment model多室脂质体Multiple dosing多剂量给药Multiple emulsion复合型乳剂NNanocapsule毫微胶囊Nanoparticles毫微粒Nanospheres毫微球Naris drops滴鼻剂Nasal administration鼻腔给药Nonlinear pharmacokinetics非线性药物动力学National formulary美国药局方Nipagin(parabens)尼泊金OOintment软膏剂Oleaginous base油性基质One compartment model单室模型Onset起效时间Ophthalmic preparation眼用制剂Optimization technique优化技术Oral administration口服给药Oral osmotic pump口服渗透泵PParaffin石蜡Partition coefficient分配系数Passive diffusion被动扩散Passive target preparation被动靶向制剂Pastes 糊剂Peeling剥落Pellet小丸Penetration enhancer穿透促进剂Percolation渗漉Percutaneous administration经皮给药Permeability coefficient穿透系数Perogol O平平加OPH-partition theory PH-分配学说Pharmaceutics药剂学Pharmacokinetics药物动力学Pharmacopoeia药典Pharmacy药学Phase separation-coacervation相分享凝聚法Phase transition temperature相变温度Picking粘连Pill丸剂Plaster硬膏剂Plastic flow塑性流动plasticizer增塑剂Plateau concentration(level)坪浓度Pluronic F-68普朗尼克F-68Polishing,smoothing打光Poloxamer泊洛沙姆Polyacrylamide聚丙烯酰胺Polyacrylic acid聚丙烯酸Polyethylene glycols(PEC)聚乳酸Polymerization聚合Polymorphism多晶型Polymethyl methacrylate聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)聚乙烯醇Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)(povidone)聚维酮Porosity孔隙率Powders散剂Preformulation处方前工作Preagelatinized starch预胶化淀粉Prescription处方Preservative防腐的Prodrug前体药物Propellants抛射剂Pseudo plastic flow伪一级反应Pulsed and regulated drug deliver system伪塑性流动Pulverization脉冲式和自调式释药系统Punch粉碎Pyrogen冲头RRate method 冲率法Rate-limiting step限速步骤Rectal dosage form直肠给药剂型Relative bioavailability相对生物利用度Residuals method殘数法Rheology流动学SSedimentation沉降Semipermeable membrane半透膜Shellac虫胶Sieve筛（子），筛（分）Sigma-minus method 总量减去法Silicone硅酮Simple coacervation method单凝聚法Single-punch press单冲压片机Sintered glass filter垂熔玻璃滤品Sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC-Na)羧甲基纤维素钠Sodium carboxyl methyl starch(CMS-Na)羧甲基淀粉纳Sodium lauryl sulfate十二烷基硫酸钠Solid dispersion固体分散体Solidification固化Solubilization增溶作用Solvate溶剂化物Sonication dispersion method超声分散法Spans司盘类Specific acid-base catalysis特殊酸碱催化Specification规格，说明书Spermacete wax鲸蜡Spirits醑剂Spray喷雾剂Stability稳定性Starch淀粉Statistical moment统计矩Steady-state稳态Stearyl alcohol十八醇Sterilization灭菌Sterilizer消毒器Sticking粘冲Sublingual tablet舌下片Sugar coated tablet糖衣片Superdisintegrants超级崩解剂Suppositories栓剂Surfactant表面活性剂Suspending agent助悬剂Suspensions混悬剂Sustained release preparation缓释制剂Sweeting agent甜味剂Syrups 糖浆剂Systemic clearance总清除率TTablets片剂Talc滑石粉Targeted drug delivery system(TDDS)靶向给药系统Terylene涤纶薄膜The area under the plasma concentration-time curve血浓时间曲线下面积The extra pharmacopoeia药学大全The international pharmacopoeia国际药典The membrane of epithelial cell上皮细胞膜The rate of gastric emptying胃排空速率Theobrome oil可可豆油Therapeutic concentration range治疗浓度范围Therapeutic equivalence治疗等效性Thixotropy触变性Time course经时过程Tincture酊剂Tragacanth西黄芪胶Transdermal therapeutic system(TTS)透皮治疗系统Transport转运Trapezoidal rule 梯形法则True density真密度Tubular reabsorption肾小管重吸收Tubular secretion肾小管分泌Tweens吐温类UUntrafiltration超滤Unilamellar,single compartment liposome单室脂质体Urinary excretion尿排泄The pharmacopeia of united states(usp)美国药典VVaseline(e)凡士林Vertical laminar flow垂直层流WWater for injection注射用水Wettability可湿性Wetting agent润湿剂ZZein 玉米朊--。
药学专业名词(汉英对照)
药学专业名词E to C1-NEP N-乙基吡咯酮1-NMP N-甲基吡咯酮2G-β-CYD 二葡糖基－－环糊精2-HP-β-CYD 2－羟丙基－－环糊精5-NCP 5-羧基吡咯酮5-NMP 5-甲基吡咯酮Accelerated testing 加速试验Acrylic acid resin 丙烯酸树酯Active targeting preparation 主动靶向制剂Adersive dispersion-type TTS 粘胶分散型TTS Adhersive strength 粘附力Adhesion 粘附性Adhesives 粘合剂Aerosil 微粉硅胶Aerosol 气雾剂Aerosol of micropowders for inspiration 吸入粉雾剂Aethylis oleas 油酸乙酯Agglomerate 聚结物Aggregation 聚集Air suspension 空气悬浮法Alarm clock 闹钟Alcohol 乙醇All-trans 全反式Alterntae addition method 两相交替加入法Amebocyte lysate 变形细胞溶解物Amorphous forms 无定型Angle of repose 休止角Antiadherent 抗粘剂Antioxidants 抗氧剂Antisepesis 防腐Apparent solubility 表现溶解度Aprotinin 抑酞酶Aquacoat 乙基纤维素水分散体Aromatic waters 芳香水剂Arrhenius 方程阿仑尼乌斯方程Ascabin 苯甲酸酯Aseptic technique 无菌操作法Azone 氮酮Azone 氮酮Ball mill 球磨机Base adsorption 基质吸附率Bases 基质Beeswax 蜂蜡Bending 弯曲力BHA 叔丁基对羟基茴香醚BHT 二叔丁基对甲酚Bioavailability 生物利用度Biochemical approach 生物学方法Biopharmaceutics 生物药剂学Biotechnology 生物技术Bond学说中等粉碎（粒径）Bound water 结合水分Breakage (Bk) 脆碎度Brij 泽、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚Brij 聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚Buccal tablets 颊额片Bulk density 松密度Bulk density 松密度、堆密度Burst effect 突释效应CA 醋酸纤维素CAB 醋酸纤维素丁酸酯Cabomer 羟基乙烯共聚物Caking 结饼CAP 醋酸纤维素酞酸酯CAP 邻苯二甲酸醋酸纤维素CAP 邻苯二甲酸醋酸纤维素CAP 邻苯二甲酸醋酸纤维素CAP 邻苯二甲酸醋酸纤维素Capillary state 毛细管状Capsules 胶囊剂Carbomer 卡波姆、羧基乙烯共聚物Carbopol 卡波普Carbopol 934 卡波普Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium 羟甲基纤维素钠Carboxymethyl starch sodium CMS-Na 羧甲基淀粉纳Carboxymethylcellulose sodium CMC-Na羧甲基纤维素纳CAT 醋酸纤维素苯三酸酯CD 圆二色谱法Cellulose acetate (CA) 醋酸纤维素Cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) 醋酸纤维素酞酸醋Central composite design (CCD) 星点设计Cera aseptical pro osse bone wax 骨蜡Ceramide 神经酰胺Cetomacrogol 聚乙二醇与十六醇缩合Chemical approach 化学方法Chewable tablets 咀嚼片Chitin 壳多糖Chitosan 壳聚糖Chronopathology 时辰病理学Chronopharmacology 时辰药理学Clausius-Clapeyron方程克劳修斯－克拉珀龙方程Clinical pharmaceutics 临床药剂学Cloud point 对聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂CMC-Na 羧甲基纤维素纳CMC-Na 羧甲基纤维素纳CMC-Na 羟甲基纤维素CMEC 羧甲乙纤维素CMS 羧甲基淀粉CMS-Na 羧甲基淀粉钠Coadminiatration of skin Meta Inh 皮肤代谢抑制剂的合用Coadministraition of chem. P Enh 化学吸收促进剂的合用Coagulation 聚沉Coated tablets 包衣片Coating material 表材Cocoa butter 可可豆脂Cohesion 凝聚性、粘着性Cohesive strength 内聚力Cold compression method 汽压法Cold-homogenization 冷却一匀化法Colon-targeted capsules 结肠靶向胶囊剂Compactibility 成形性Complex coacervation 复凝聚法Compliance 顺应性Compliance 顺应性Compressed tablets 普通片Compressibility 压缩度Compressibility 压缩性Compression 压缩力Compressive work 压缩功Cone and plate viscometer 圆椎平板粘度计Consistency curve 稠度曲线Controllability 可控性Controlled release tablets 控释片Controlled-release preparation 控释制剂Convective mixing 对流混合Convective transport 传递透过Coordination number 配位数Copoly (latic/glycolic) acid 聚乳酸乙醇酸共聚物Core material 表心物Cosolvency 潜溶Cosolvency 潜溶Cosolvent 潜溶剂Cosolvent 潜溶剂Coulter counter method 库尔特计数法Count basis 个数基准CP 聚羧乙烯CPVP 交联聚乙烯比咯烷酮CRacemization 外消旋作用Creams 乳青剂Creep 蠕变性Cremolphore EL 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油甘油醚Critical relative humidity (CRH) 临界相对湿度Critical relative humidity（CRH）临界相对湿度Critical velocity 临界速度Critrical micell concentration CMC临界胶束浓度Croscarmellose sodium CCNa交联羧甲基纤维素纳Croscarmellose sodium (CCNa) 交联甲基纤维素钠Crospovidone 交联聚维酮Cross-liked polyvinyl pyrrolidone PVPP交联聚维酮Crushing 粉碎Crystal form 晶型Crystal habit 晶态、晶癖、结晶习性CTS 普通栓剂Cumulative size distribution 累积分布Cutting 剪切力Cyclodextrin (CYD) 环糊精Cylinder model 圆栓体模型Cytotoxicity 细胞素DDS 药物传递系统Decoction 汤剂Degree of circularity 圆形度Degree of sphericility 球形度Delipidization 角质层去脂质化Dextrin 糊精Dialysis cell method 渗析池法Dicetyl phosphate 磷酸二鲸蜡脂Dielectric constant 介电常数Differential scanning calorimetry DSC 差示扫描显热法Differential thermal analysis DTA差示热分析法Diffusive mixing 扩散混合Dilatant flow 胀性流动Diluents 稀释剂、填充剂Dimethicone (silicones) 二甲基硅油、硅油、硅酮Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) 二甲基亚砜Dimethylacetamide (DMA) 二甲基乙酰胺Disinfection 消毒Disintegrants 崩解剂Disk assemble method 圆盘法Disperse medium 分散介质Disperse phase 分散相Disperse system 分散体系Dispersed phase 分散相、内相、非连续相Dispersible tablets 分散片Displacement value (DV) 置换价Distilled water 蒸馏水DL-phenylalanine ethyl acetoacetate DL苯基苯胺乙醚乙酸乙酯DLVO理论引力势能与斥力势能DME 二甲醚DMSO 二甲基亚矾DM-β-CYD 二甲基－－环糊精Donor cell 供给宝DOPE 二油酰磷脂酰乙醇胺DOPE 二油酰磷脂酰乙醇胺Dosage form 药物剂型DPPC 二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱DPPC 二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱Drop dentifrices 滴牙剂Drug carrier 药物载体Drug-loading rate 载药量Dry bulb temperature 干球温度DSPC 二硬脂酰磷脂酰胆碱DSPE 二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺Dumping effect 突释效应EA 乙基纤维素Ear drops 滴耳剂EC 乙基纤维素EC 毛细管电泳EC 乙基纤维素EC 乙基纤维素EC 乙基纤维素EC 乙基纤维素Effect diameter Dsk,有效径Effectiveness 有效性Effervescent disintegrants 泡腾崩解剂Effervescent tablets 泡腾片Elastic deformation 弹性变形Elastic recovery (ER) 弹性复原率Elastic work 弹性功Elasticity 弹性Electro phoresis 电泳Electroporesis 电致孔法Electuary 煎膏剂EMA 甲丙烯酸乙酯Emolphor 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油化合物Emulsifer in water method 水中乳化剂法、湿胶法Emulsifier in oil method 油中乳化剂法、干胶法Emulsion 普通乳Emulsions 乳剂Enamine 烯胺Endocytosis 内呑Endotoxin 内毒素Enteric capsules 肠溶胶囊剂Enteric coated tablets 肠溶衣片Entrapment rate 包封率Epidermis 表皮Epimerization 差向异构作用EPR效应促渗滞留作用Equilibrium solubility 平衡溶解度Equilibrium water 平衡水分Equivalent specific surface DSV Equivalent volume diameter Dv，体积等价径，球相当径Ethanol 乙醇Ethical (prescription) drug 处方药Ethycellulose (EC) 乙基纤维素Ethylcellulose EC乙基纤维素Ethylene vilnylacetate copolymer 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物Ethylene vinylacetate copolymer 乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物Eu L, Eu S 聚甲基丙烯酸Eu RL, Eu RS 聚甲基丙烯酸酯Eu RL100, Eu RS100 甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物（不溶）Eu RL100, Eu SL100 聚丙烯酸树脂系列Eu S100, Eu L100 甲基丙烯酸共聚物（肠溶）Eudragit (E, RL, RS) 甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物Eudragit L100 甲基丙烯酸共聚物Eudragit RS100, RL100, NE30D 甲基丙烯酸酸共聚物-Eudragit S100 甲基丙烯酸共聚物EV A 乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物EV A 乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物EV A 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EV A 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物Evaporation 蒸发Excipients (adjuvants) 辅料External phase 分散介质、外相、连续相Extracts 浸膏剂Eye drop 滴眼剂Eye ointments 眼膏剂Factorial design 析因设计Fatty oils 脂肪油Feret diameter 定方向接线径Ficks第一扩散公式药材提取Fillers 填充剂Film coated tablets 薄膜衣片Film dispersion method 薄分散法Films 膜剂First-pass effect 首过效应Fliud extracts 流浸膏剂Flocculation 絮凝Flocculation 絮凝Flocculation value 絮凝度Flow curve 流动曲线Flow velocity 流出速度Flowability 流动性Fluid-energy mills 流能磨、气流式粉碎机Fluidity buffer 流动性缓冲剂Fluidized bed coating 流化床包衣法Free water 自由水分Freely movable liquid 自由流动液体Freon 氟氯烷烓类、氟里昂Frequency size distribution 频率分布Funicular state 索带状Fusion 融合Fusion method 热烙法Garles 含潄剂GAS 气体反溶剂技术Gas adsorption method 气体吸附法Gas antisolution GASGas permeability method 气体透过法GCP 药物临床试验管理规范Gelatin 胫胶Gelatin 明胶Gelatin glycerin 甘油胫胶Gelatinization 糊化General acid-base catalysis 广义酸碱催化Geometric diameter 几何学粒子径Geometric isomerization 几何异构Ghost cell 影细胞Glidants 助流剂GLP 药物非临床研究管理规范Glycerin 甘油Glycerins 甘油剂Glyceryl monostearate 硬脂酸、甘油酯Glycolic acid 羟基乙酸GMP 药品生产质量管理规范Granule density 颗粒密度Granules 颗粒剂Graton-Fraser模型颗粒的排列模型Group number HLB基团数Guest molecules 客分子G-β-CYD 葡糖－－环糊精Half life 半衰期Handerson-Hasselbach公式解离状态、pkc、ph的关系Hard capsules 硬胶囊剂Hardness 硬度HCO 氢仪蓖麻油HEC 羟乙基纤维素HEMA 甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯HES 羟乙基淀粉Heywood diameter Dh，投影面积圆相当径Higuchi方程希古契方程Host molecules 主分子HPC 羟丙纤维素HPC 羟丙纤维素HPMA 羟丙甲丙烯酸甲酯HPMC 羟丙甲基纤维素HPMC 羟丙甲基纤维素HPMC 羟丙甲纤维素HPMC 羟丙甲基纤维素HPMC 羟丙甲纤维素HPMCAS 醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯HPMCAS 醋酸羟丙甲基纤维素琥珀酸酯HPMCAS 醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯HPMCP 羟丙甲基纤维素酞酸酯HPMCP 羟丙甲纤维素酸酯HPMCP 羟甲基纤维素酞酸酯HPMCP (HP-50, HP-55) 羟丙甲纤维酸酯Humidity 湿度Hydration of stratum corneum 角质层的水化作用Hydrogel 水性凝胶Hydrophile-lipophile balance 亲水亲油平衡值Hydrotropy 助溶Hydrotropy agent 助溶剂Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 羟丙甲纤维素Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate 醋酸羟丙甲纤维素琥珀酸酯Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate 羟丙甲纤维素酞酸醋Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) 羟丙基纤维素Hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) 羟丙纤维素Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose HPMC 羟丙甲基纤维素Hygroscopicity 吸湿性Hypodermic tablets 皮下注射用片ICH 国际协调会议ICH 国际协调会议IDDS 植入给药系统IEC 离子交换色谱法IEF 等电点聚焦Immobile liquid 不可流动液体Impact 冲击力Impact mill 冲击式粉碎机Implant tablets 植入片Inclusion compound 包含物Industrial pharmaceutics 工业药剂学Infusion solution 输液Injection 注射液In-liquid drying 液中干燥法（乳化－溶剂挥发法）Interface polycondensation 界面缩聚法intra-arterial route 动脉内注射Intradermal (ID) route 皮内注射Intramuscular (IM) route 肌肉注射Intravenous (IV) route 静脉注射Intrinsic dissolution rate 特性溶出速率Intrinsic solubility 特性溶解度Inverse targeting 反向靶向Iontophoresis 离子渗透法IR 红外Isoclectric focusing IEF等电点聚焦Isoosmotic solution 等渗溶液Isopropylpalmitate 异丙酸棕榈酯Isostearylisostearate 异硬脂酸异硬酯Isotonic solution 等张溶液Isotonic solution 等张溶液Journal of Drug Targeting 药物靶向杂志Kick学说粗粉碎（体积）Krafft point 对离子型表面活性剂而言Krummbein diameter 定方向最大径Lactic acid 乳酸Lactose 乳糖Lag time 滞留时间Large unilamellar vesicles 大单室脂质体Laurocapam 月桂氮草酮Length basis 长度基准L-HPC 低取代羟丙基纤维素L-HPC 低取代羟丙基纤维素Limulus lysate test 鲎试验法Liniments 搽剂Liposomes 脂质体Liquid immersion method 液浸法Liquid injection 无针液体注射器Liquid paraffin 液体石蜡Liquid paraffin 液体石碏Long-circulating liposome 长循环脂质体Long-circulating liposomes 长循环脂质体Long-term testing 长期试验Loo-Rigelman方程双宝血药浓度－吸收率换算Lotions 洗剂Lubricants 润滑剂Lubricants 润滑剂LUVs 大单宝脂质体Martin diameter 定方向等分径Mass basis 质量基准Matrix type 骨架型Matrix-diffusion type TTS 胃架扩散型TTS Maximum additive concentration MAC 最大增溶浓度MC 甲基纤维素MC 甲基纤维素MC 甲基纤维素MCC 微晶纤维素Mechanical interlocking bonds 粒子间机械镶嵌Medicinal liquor 酒剂Melt-homogenization 熔融－匀化法Membrane wall 表膜壁壳Membrane-moderated type TTS 膜控释型TTS Methyl acrylate-methacrylate co 甲基丙烯酸-丙烯酸甲酯Methylcellulose (MC) 甲基纤维素Micellar emulsion 胶团乳Micelle 胶束Microcapsules 微表Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 微晶纤维素Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 微晶纤维素Microemulsion 微乳Microemulsion 微乳Microencapsulation 微型包表术、微表化Micromeritics 粉体学Microreservoir-type TTS 微贮库型Microscropic method 显微镜法Microspheres 微球microstreaming 超微束Minitablet 小片Mixing 混合Mixtures 合剂MLVs 多室脂质体MMA 甲基丙烯酸甲酯Moistening agent 润湿剂Moisture absorption 吸湿性Molecular capsules 分子囊Multilamellar vesicles 多宝脂质体Multilayer tablets 多层片Multiorfice-centrifugal process 多孔离心法Myrij 聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯Myrj 卖泽、聚氧乙烯脂肪酸醋Nacent soap method 新生皂法Nanocapsule 纳米囊Nanocapsules 纳米囊Nanoemulsion 纳米乳Nanoemulsion 纳米乳Nanoliposomes 纳米脂质体Nanoparticles 纳米粒Nanosphere 纳米球Nanospheres 纳米球Naonparticle 纳米粒Nasal drops 滴鼻剂Newtonian equation 牛顿粘度定律Newtonian fluid 牛顿流体Niosomes 类脂质体，泡囊Nonbound water 非结合水分Nonionic surfactant vesicles 非离子表面活性剂囊泡Non-newtonian flow 非牛顿流动Non-Newtonian fluid 非牛顿流体Nonprescription drug 非处方药Noyes-Whitney方程溶出速度方程NP -吡咯酮Nucleation theory 成核作用理论OCDDS 口服结肠定位释药系统OCDDS 口服定时(择时)给药系统Ointments 软膏剂Opitical isomerization 光学异构ORD 旋光色散Orthologonal design 区交设计Osmotic pressure 渗透压OSSDDS 口服定位释药系统Ostwald freundlich 方程结晶增长Over the counter (OTC) 非处方药Oversize distribution 筛上分布PA 磷脂酸PACA 聚氧基丙烯酸烷酯Packing fraction 充填章Paints 涂剂Paints 涂膜剂Pan coating 锅包衣法Paraffin 石蜡Particle size distribution 粒度分布Partition coefficient (P) 分配系数Passive targeting preparation 被动靶向制剂Patch 贴剂PB 聚丁烯PBCA 聚氰基丙烯酸丁酯PCS 激光散射光潽PE 聚乙烯PE 聚乙烯Peel tack test 剥离快转力实验PEG 聚乙二醇PEG 聚乙二醇PEG 聚乙二醇PEG-EG PEG修饰的磷脂酰乙醇胺Pendular state 钟摆状Penetration enhancers 经皮吸收促进剂PEO 聚氧乙烯PEO 聚氧乙烯PEO 聚氯乙烯Peregol O 聚氧乙烯（15）油醇醚Perogol O 聚氧乙烯（15）与油醇缩合PET 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PG 丙二醇PGA 聚乙醇酸Pharmaceutical engineering 制剂学Pharmaceutical manufacturing 制剂Pharmaceutical preparation 药物制剂Pharmaceutics 药剂学Pharmacia 淀粉微球Pharmacokinetics 药物动力学Pharmacological availability 药理利用度Pharmacopoeia 药典Phase inversion critical point 转相临界点Phase separation 相分离法（物理化学法）Phase transition temperature 相转变湿度Phase volume ratio 相比Phonophoresis 超声波法Photodegradation 光化降解PHPMA 聚羟丙甲丙烯酸甲酯Physical and chemical T P 物理化学靶向制剂Physical approach 物理学方法Physical pharmaceutics 物理药剂学PIB 聚异丁烯类压敏胶PiBCA 聚氰基丙烯酸异丁酯PiBCA 聚氰基丙烯酸异丁脂PLA 聚乳酸PLA 聚乳酸PLA 聚乳酸PLA/PGA, PLGA 聚酸酯乙交酯PLA-PEG 聚乳酸聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物Plastic deformation 塑性变形Plastic viscosity 塑性粘度Plastisity 塑性PLGA 聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物PLGA 酸酯乙交酯共聚物PLGA 聚乳酸聚乙醇酸共聚物PMMA 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Poiseuile 公式过滤时液体的流动Poloxamer (plurnic) 聚氧乙烯－聚氧丙烯共聚物Poloxamer 188 (plurnic F68) 泊洛沙姆188（普郎尼克F68）Poloxamer 188 (pluronic F68) 泊洛沙姆、普郎尼克Poloxamer 188 (Pluronic F68) 泊洛沙姆188（普郎尼克F68）Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) 聚丙交酯-乙交酯POL YACRYLIC RESIN 聚丙烯酸树酯Polyalkylcyano-acrylate 聚氰基丙烯酸烷酯Polydiethylene terephthalate 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯Polyethylene 聚乙烯Polyethylene (PEG) 聚乙二醇Polyethylene glycol PEG聚乙二醇Polyethylene glycol 聚乙二醇Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 聚乙二醇Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 聚乙二醇Polyethyleneglycol (PEG) 聚乙二醇Polymerization 聚合Polymers in pharmaceutics 药用高分子材料学Polymethyl methacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Polymorphism 多晶型Polymorphism 多晶型Polyoxyethylene 聚氧乙烯Polyoxyl 40 stearate (Myri52) S-40聚氧乙烯（40）单硬脂酸酯Polypropylene 聚丙烯Polysorbate 聚山梨酯Polyvinyl alcohol 聚乙烯醇Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 聚乙烯醇Polyvinyl chloride 聚氯乙烯Polyvinylpyrrolidine PVP聚维酮Polyvinylpyrrolidone 聚维酮Porosity 空隙率Porosity 空隙率Povidone 聚乙烯比咯烷酮Powder injection 无针粉未注射器Powders 散剂PP 聚丙烯PP 聚丙烯Preformulation 处方前工作Pregelatinized starch －淀粉、预胶化淀粉、可压性淀粉Preservative 防腐剂Pressure sensitive adhersive 压敏胶Pressure-sensitive tape council 剥离实验Prickle cell layer 棘层Primary particle 一级粒子Prodrug 前体药物propellents 抛射剂Propylene glycol 丙二醇Propylene glycol (PG) 丙二醇PS(phosphatidylserine) 磷脂酰丝氨酸PSA 压敏胶Pseudo steady state 伪稳态Pseudoplastic flow 假塑性流动PSTC 剥离实验Pulsed/pulsatile release 脉冲释药PV A 聚乙烯醇PV A 聚乙絺醉PV AP 聚乙烯PVC 聚氯乙烯PVC 聚氯乙烯PVC 聚氯乙烯PVP 聚维酮PVP 聚维酮PVP 聚维酮PVP (PVPk15, PVPk30, PVPk90) 聚维酮PVPP 交联聚乙烯比咯烷酮PVPP（交联PVP）交联聚维酮Pycnometer 比重瓶Pyrogen 热原QOL 生命质量Quasi-viscous flow 假粘性流动Racemization 外消旋化作用Raman 拉曼Random floc 不规则絮凝物Raoult定律拉乌尔定律rapid expansion of supercritical S RESSRate of shear 剪切速度、切速率、速度梯度Receptor cell 接收宝Relative humidity RH相对湿度Relative humidity (RH) 相对湿度Response surface methodology 效应面优化法RESS 超临界溶液快速膨胀技术Retardants 阻滞剂Reverse osmosis 反渗透Rheology 流变学Rittinger学说细粉碎（表面积）Rolling ball tack test 滚球试验RP-HPLC 反相高效液相色潽法Rubbing 研磨力Rumpf 湿法制粒机理SA 硬脂酰胺Safety 安全性Safflower 藏红花油SDB-L-400 交联聚丙烯酸钠SDS, SLS 十二烷基硫酸钠SDS-PAGE SDC－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶SEC 分子排阻色潽法Second particle 二级粒子SEDDSs 自乳化药物传递系统Sedimentation method 沉降法Sedimentation rate 沉降容积比Self-adjusted system 自调式释药系统SEM 扫描电镜Sensitization 敏化作用Settling velocity diameter 有效径SFDA SFDAShape factor 形状系数Shear mixing 剪切混合Shearing force 剪切应力、剪切力、切力Sieving diameter Da，筛分径Sieving method 筛分法Sieving method 筛分法Simple coacervation 单凝聚法Simplex method 单纯形优化法Single unilamellar vesicles 小单室脂质体Sink condition 漏槽Sink condition 漏槽状态Size exclusion chromatography SEC Slurry state 泥浆汰Sodium carboxymethyl starch 羟甲基泛粉钠Sodium lauryl sulfate (SDS) 十二烧基硫酸钠Sodium taurodihydrofusidate 牛磺双氢褐霉素钠Soft capsules 软胶囊剂Soft paraffin 软石蜡Solid bridges 粒子间固体桥Solid lipid nanospheres (SLN) 固体脂质纳米粒Solubility 溶解度Solubility parameter 溶解度参数Solubilization 增溶Solubilization 增溶Solubilization 增溶Solubilizer 增溶剂Solubilizer 增溶剂Solution tablets 溶液片Solutions 溶液剂Solvent-nonsolvent 溶剂－非溶剂法SOP 标准操作规程Soybean-derived sterol 大豆甾醇Span 跨距Span 失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯Span 80 油酸山梨坦Specific acid-base catalysis 专属酸碱催化Specific surface area 地表面积Specific surface area method 地表面积法Specific volume 松比客Spermaceti 鲸蜡Spirits 醑剂Spongia, spongc 海绵剂Spray congealing 喷雾凝结法Spray drying 喷雾干燥法SS 大豆留醇Stability 稳定性Starch 淀粉Starch glycolate (CMS-Na) 甘醇酸淀粉钠state food and drug administration SFDASTDHF 牛磺双氢褐毒素纳Sterility 无菌Sterilization 灭菌Sticky powder 粘性粉体Stocks diameter Stocks径Stokes 定律沉降速度Stratum granulosum 粒层Stratum lucidum 透明层Stress 内应力Stress relaxation 应力缓和Stress testing 影响因素试验、强化试验Striping of stratum corneum 去除角质层Subcutaneous (SC) route 皮下注射Sublingual tablets 舌下片Subnanoemulsion 亚纳米乳Sugar 糖粉Sugar coated tablets 糖衣片Supercritical Fluid (SCF) 超临界流体（萃取）Suppositories 栓剂Surelease 乙基纤维素水分散体Surface basis 面积基准Suspending agents 助悬剂Suspensions 混悬剂Sustained release tablets 缓释片Sustained-release preparation 缓释制剂SUVs 小单宝脂质体Synergists 协同剂synthesis of bioconvertible Prod 生物转化前体药物的合成Synthesis of lipophilic analogs 脂质类物质的合成Synthesis of prodrugs 前体药物的合成Syrups 糖浆剂Tablets 片剂Tacking strength 快粘力Talc 滑石粉Tap density 振实密度Targeting drug system (TDS) 靶向给药系统TDDS 经皮传递系统TDDS 药物经皮传递系统TDDS 经皮传递系统TEM 透射电镜TEM 透射电镜Tensile strength (Ts) 抗张强度The technique of sterilization 灭菌技术Theory of depletion stabilization 空缺稳定理论Thermal energy 温热热能法Thixlotropy 础变性Thumb tack test 拇指实验Time clock 定时钟Time controlled explosive system 时控-突释系统Tincture 酊剂Tincture 酊剂Titer 抗体滴度Topochemical reactions 局部化学反应Toroches 口含片Transdermal therapeutic system 反向靶向Transfersome 传递体True density 真密度TTS 经皮治疗制剂Tween 聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯Under distribution 筛下分布Uniform design 均匀设计Uppsala 淀粉微球UV 紫外Vaginal tablets 阴道片Vander walls 力范德华力Vaselin 凡士林Vertebra caval route 脊椎腔注射viscoelasticity 粘弹性Viscosity 粘性Viscosity 粘度Viscosity coefficient 粘度系数Viscosity curve 粘度曲线V oid ratio 空隙比V olume basis 体积基准Wagner-Nelson方程血药浓度-吸收率换算Watch glass method 表陂片法（释放度检查）Water 水Wet bulb temperature 湿球温度Wet granulation 湿法制粒Wetting 润湿性Wool fat 羊毛脂Wool fat anhydrous 无水羊毛脂Yield value 屈服值β-CYD －环糊精阿洛索－OT 二辛基琥珀酸磺酸钠交联CMC-Na 交联羧甲基纤维素钠柔软剂SG 聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯乳化剂OP 聚氧乙烯（20）月桂醚乳化剂SE-10 聚氧乙烯（10）山梨醇醚C to E6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenaseJanbon综合症Janbon's syndromePPB浓度parts per billion concentrationpphm浓度parts per hundred million concentrationPPH浓度parts per hundred concentrationppm浓度parts per million concentration安全范围safety range安全试验法innocuity test method安全系统safety coefficient安慰剂placebo螯合剂chelating agent靶细胞target cell白蛋白微球制剂albumin microballoons百分浓度percentage concentration半合成抗生素semisynthetic antibiotics半抗原haptene半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50半衰期half-life period; half life time包衣片coated tablet薄膜衣film-coating饱和溶液saturated solution贝克勒尔Becquerel被动免疫passive immunity被动转运passive transport崩解度disintegration崩解剂disintegrants必需氨基酸essential aminoacid必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid变态反应allergy; allergic reaction表面活性surface activity表面张力surface tension丙种射线gamma rays补体complement补体系统complement system不良反应adverse reaction不完全抗原incomplete antigen搽剂liniments长期毒性实验long term toxicity test长效制剂prolonged action preparation肠肝循环enterohepatic circulation肠溶控释片enteric controlled release tablets肠溶衣enteric coating处方prescription;recipe穿透促进剂penetration enhancers磁性控释制剂magnetic controlled release dosage form磁性药物制剂magnetic medicinal preparations 大分子macromolecule单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody胆碱酯酶cholinesterase当量equivalent weight当量定律equivalent law当量浓度normality当量溶液normal solution等张溶液isotonic solution低聚糖oligosaccharides低密度脂蛋白low density lipoprotein滴定titration滴定曲线titration curve 滴丸剂pill递质transmitter电解electrolyzation电解质electrolyte酊剂tincture定向药物制剂directed pharmaceutical preparations毒理学toxicology毒性反应toxic response; toxic reaction短期致癌实验short term carcinogenic test对因治疗etiological treatment对映体antipode对症治疗symptomatic treatment多功能酶multifunctional enzyme多剂量给药multiple dose administration多糖polyose多肽polypeptide儿茶酚胺catecholamine二重感染superinfection发酵fermentation法定处方official formula芳族化合物aromatic compound放射毒理学radiotoxicology放射药剂学radiopharmaceutics非必需氨基酸non-essential amino acid非去极化型肌松药nondepolarizer分子病molecular disease分子溶液molecular solution分子生物学molecular biology分子药理学molecular pharmacology辅基prosthetic group辅料excipients辅酶coenzyme副作用side effect附加剂additive干燥剂desiccant;drying agent肝首过效应first pass effect of hepar感受器receptor高敏性hyperreactivity个体差异性individual differences; individual variation给药方案或给药速度dosage regimen or dose rate给药间隔dosing interval工业药剂学industrial pharmacy共价键covalent bond光量子light quantum广谱抗生素broad-spectrum antibiotic过滤filtration过敏毒素anaphylatoxin过敏性药物反应anaphylactic drug reaction过氧化物superoxide含量均匀度content uniformity核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; RNA核苷酸nucleotide合并用药drug combination合成药物synthetic drugs合剂mixture痕量元素trace element化学分析chemical analysis化学物理学chemical physics化学消毒法chemical disinfection化学药物治疗chemotherapy环境药理学environmental pharmacology基本药物essential drugs基因gene激活剂activator激活作用activation激素hormone激素原prohormone急性毒性实验acute toxicity test己糖醇细胞毒剂cytotoxic hexitols剂量dosage; dose剂量或浓度的依存性dose or concentration dependency剂型dosage form间接致癌indirect carcinogenesis间歇灭菌法discontinuous sterilization碱中毒alkalosis;alkali-poisoning胶体溶液型药剂medical colloidal solution嚼用片chewable tablets酵解glycolysis拮抗作用antagonism解毒作用detoxication介质mediator; transmitter; medium精神依赖性psychic dependence剧药powerful drug绝对致死剂量absolute lethal dose; LD100抗毒素antitoxin抗菌谱antibacterial spectrum 抗体antibody抗血清antiserum抗药性resistance to drugs抗原antigen克当量gram-equivalent weight克当量数gram-equivalent number克分子gram-molecule; gram-mol克分子分数molar fraction克分子量gram molecular weight克分子浓度molar comcentratin; molal comcentration克原子gram-atom控释制剂controlled release preparation口腔内给药oral administration快速耐受tachyphylaxis扩散diffusion扩散系数coefficient of diffusion累积尿排泄曲线cumulative urinary excretion curves累加效应additive effect类毒素anatoxin;toxoid类固醇停药综合征steroid withdrawal syndrome冷藏cold-storage冷冻freezing;refrigeration量子药理学quantum pharmacology临床药理学clinical pharmacology临床药学chlinical pharmacy卤化物halogenide埋植剂implants慢通道slow pathway慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test; long term toxicity test酶enzyme酶原proenzyme免疫抑制剂immunosuppressant;immuno inhibitor免疫原性immunogenicity免疫增强剂immunoenhancement敏感性sensitivity摩尔mole摩尔分数浓度mol fraction concentration摩尔分子体积molar volume;mole volume摩尔浓度molarity默克索引the Merck index耐受性tolerance耐药性drug tolerance内毒素endotoxin内毒素鲎试剂测定法Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay for endotoxin内消旋体mesomer浓度concentration皮肤、粘膜表面给药skin and mucocutaneous administration片剂硬度tablet hardness气凝胶aerogel气溶胶aerosol气体分析gas analysis气雾剂aerosol前体药物prodrug鞘内注射intrathecal injection全酶与辅基holonzyme and prosthetic group人工合成抗原artificial antigen人工免疫artificial immunization人种药理学ethnopharmacology日内瓦命名法Geneva nomenclature溶剂solvent; dissolvent溶解dissolution; dissolving溶菌酶lysozyme溶血hemolysis溶质solute三羧酸循环tricarboxylic acid cycle杀菌活性bactericidal activity杀菌作用bactericidal effect身体依赖性physical dependence神经毒素neurotoxin肾上腺素能神经adrenergic nerve肾上腺素能受体adrenergic receptor渗透压osmotic pressure生长曲线growth curve生物胺biogenic amine生物半衰期biological half life生物化学biochemistry生物碱alkaloid生物利用度bioavailability生物统计学biometrics;biometry生物药剂学biopharmacy生物制品biological product生药crude drugs时辰药理学chronopharmacology 时间感受性chronosusceptability时间治疗chronotherapy时效关系time-effect relationship时值chronaxia;chronaxy时滞lag time世界卫生组织World Health Organization; WHO噬菌体bacteriophage收敛药astringent手性药物chiral drug首过效应first-pass effect受体receptor受体激动剂receptor stimulant受体拮抗剂receptor antagonist双盲法double-blind technique水解（作用）hydrolysis糖异生作用gluconeogenesis体表面积body surface area体积比浓度volume by volume concentration 体液body fluid体液免疫humoral immunity天然抗体natural antibody天然抗原natural antigen天然免疫natural immunity天然药物crude drugs; natural drugs调剂学dispensing pharmacy同位素isotope突变mutation吞噬作用phagocytosis外毒素exotoxin外消旋体raceme完全抗原complete antigen王水aqua regia; nitrohydrochloric acid微粒体酶microsomal enzyme微量元素trace element稳态血药浓度steady state plasma concentration物理药剂学physical pharmaceutics吸入法inhalation吸收速率常数absorption rate constant细胞免疫cellular immunity腺苷磷酸adenosine phosphate限制性剧药restrictive holagogue相对给药间隔relative dosage interval相加作用additive effect; addition向靶给药targetable drug delivery消除速率常数elimination rate constant效价potency效价单位potency unit效价强度potency效应effect效应器effector效应物effector协定处方cipher prescription协同作用synergism兴奋性excitability序贯设计sequential design悬浮液suspension选择性selectivity血管内给药intravascular administration血管外给药extravascular administration血浆plasma血浆代用液plasma substitute血浆蛋白结合率plasma protein binding ratio 血脑屏障blood-cerebral barrier血清serum血容量扩充剂blood volume expander血药浓度blood concentration血液凝固blood coagulation血液制品blood products亚急性中毒subacute intoxication;subacute poisoning亚硝酸盐中毒nitrite poisoning眼用膜剂ocular inserts药—时半对数曲线semi-logarithmic curve of drug-time药—时曲线drug-time curve药峰浓度peak concentration of drug药峰时间peak time of drug药剂等效性pharmaceutical equivalence药剂学pharmaceutics药理学pharmacology药敏试验drug sensitive test药品负责期allotted date of drug quality ensuring by manufacturer药品管理法drug administration law药品批号drug batch number药品使用期limit date of using a drug after its production药品有效期expiry date; date of expiration 药品质量标准drug standard药物代谢drug metabolism药物代谢酶drug metablic enzyme药物的体内过程intracorporal process of drugs 药物动力学模型pharmacokinetics model药物反应drug reaction药物分布drug distribution药物分析pharmaceutical analysis药物化学pharmaceutical chemistry药物排泄drug excretion药物吸收drug absorption药物相互作用drug interaction药物消除drug elimination药物蓄积drug accumulation药物学pharmacology; materia medica药物遗传学pharmacogenetics药效动力学pharmacodynamics药源性疾病drug-induced diseases乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱acetylcholine乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylcholinesterase抑菌活性bacteriostatic activity抑菌作用bactriostasis异构酶isomerase营养素nutrient硬膏剂plaster有效半衰期effective halt有效率effective rate有效浓度effective concentration右旋糖dextrose右旋体dextrorotatory form阈剂量threshold dose载体carrier皂甙saponins脂质体liposome直肠给药rectal administration直线相关linear correlation纸型片剂oral medicaed soluble paper致癌实验carcinogenic test致癌物carcinogen致畸试验teratogenic test致畸物teratogen致敏试验sensitization test致敏作用sensitization致死量fatal dose; lethal dose制剂preparation制剂学technology of pharmaceutics制药化学pharmaceutical chemistry治疗等效（值）therapeutic equivalence治疗量therapeutic dose治疗药物临测therapeutic drug monitoring; TDM治疗指数therapeutic index TI治疗作用therapeutic action中毒intoxication; poisoning中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准Drug Standard of Ministry of Public Health of the People's Republic of China中间体intermediate助滤剂filter aid助溶剂complex solubilizer助悬剂suspending agent自身免疫autoimmunity组胺histamine最大耐受剂量maximal tolerable dose; LDO最大无作用剂量maxial noneffective dose; EDO最小显著差数least significant difference最小有效量minimal effective dose最小致死剂量minimal lethal dose;MLD左旋糖levulose左旋体levorotatory form佐剂adjuvantFDA和EDQM术语:CLINICAL TRIAL：临床试验ANIMAL TRIAL：动物试验ACCELERATED APPROV AL：加速批准STANDARD DRUG：标准药物INVESTIGATOR：研究人员；调研人员PREPARING AND SUBMITTING：起草和申报SUBMISSION：申报；递交BENIFIT（S）：受益RISK（S）：受害DRUG PRODUCT：药物产品DRUG SUBSTANCE：原料药ESTABLISHED NAME：确定的名称GENERIC NAME：非专利名称PROPRIETARY NAME：专有名称；INN（INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY NAME）：国际非专有名称ADVERSE EFFECT：副作用ADVERSE REACTION：不良反应PROTOCOL：方案ARCHIV AL COPY：存档用副本REVIEW COPY：审查用副本OFFICIAL COMPENDIUM：法定药典（主要指USP、NF）．USP（THE UNITED STATES PHARMACOPEIA）：美国药典NF（NATIONAL FORMULARY）：（美国）国家处方集OFFICIAL＝PHARMACOPEIAL= COMPENDIAL：药典的；法定的；官方的AGENCY：审理部门（指FDA）IDENTITY：真伪；鉴别；特性STRENGTH：规格；规格含量（每一剂量单位所含有效成分的量）LABELED AMOUNT：标示量REGULATORY SPECIFICATION：质量管理规格标准（NDA提供）REGULATORY METHODOLOGY：质量管理方法REGULATORY METHODS V ALIDATION：管理用分析方法的验证COS/CEP 欧洲药典符合性认证ICH（International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use)人用药物注册技术要求国际协调会议ICH文件分为质量、安全性、有效性和综合学科4类。
药物分析 专业词汇中英文对照
药物分析专业词汇中英文对照绪论释药系统（drug delivery system，DDS）中国药典（Chinese Pharmacopoeia,ChP）美国药典（The United States Pharmacopoeia,USP）美国国家处方集（The National Formulary,NF）英国药典（British Pharmacopoeia,BP）欧洲药典（European Pharmacopoeia,Ph.Eup）国际药典（The International Pharmacopoeia,Ph.Int）良好药品实验研究规范（Good Laboratory Practice,GLP）良好药品生产规范(Good Manufacture Practice,GMP)良好药品供应规范(Good Supply Practice,GSP)良好药品临床试验规范(Good Clinical Practice,GCP)分析质量管理(Analytical Quality Control,AQC)第1章药物的鉴别试验药物的鉴别试验identification test一般鉴别试验general identification test专属鉴别试验specific identification test灵敏度sensitivity最低检出量minimum detectable quantity最低检出浓度minimum detectable concentration第2章药物的杂质检查巯基醋酸mercaptoacetic acid古蔡氏Gutzeit二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银siliver diethyldithio-carbamate硫酸灰分sulphated ash炽灼残渣residue on ignition热重分析法thermogravimetric analysis,TGA差示热分析法differential thermal analysis,DTA差示扫描量热法differential scanning calorimetry,DSC碱性酒石酸铜试验Fehling’s reagent异红紫酸盐isopurpurate2，3-二氨基萘2,3-diaminonaphthalene4，5-苯并苯硒二唑4，5-benzopiazselenol第3章定量分析样品前处理与测定方法的效能指标汞齐化法amalgamation method氧瓶燃烧法oxygen flask combustion method葡萄糖醛酸甙glucuronides硫酸酯sulphates血浆plasma血清serum全血whole blood治疗药物浓度监测therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM结合bound游离free缀合物conjugate l液-液提取法liquid-liquid extraction,LLE离子对试剂ion pair reagent离子对提取法ion pair extraction method反离子counter液-固提取法liquid-solid extraction LSE半自动样品制备系统advanced automated sample processor,AASP 烷基化alkylations酰基化acylations L硅烷化silylations精密度precision标准差standard deviation,SD orS相对标准差relative standard deviation变异系数coefficient of variation,批内精密度within-run precision日内精密度within-day precision批间精密度between-run precision日间精密度day to day precision准确度accuracy定量限limit of quantitation,LOQ检测限limit of detection,LOD选择性selectivity专属性specificity线性与范围linearity and range重现性ruggedness耐用性robustness散布图scatter diagram+y r:L!z7\9^'T3l'h*M荧光偏振免疫测定法fluorescence polarization immunoassay第4章巴比妥类药物的分析溴化十六烷基三甲基苄铵cetyltrimethylbenzylammonium bromide，CTMA 氯化四癸基二甲基苄铵T etradacyldimethybenzylammonium chloride，TDBA第5章芳酸及其酯类药物的分析苯甲酸及其钠盐benzoic acid and sodium benzoate布美他尼bumetanide羟苯乙酯ethylparoben丙磺舒probenecid酚黄乙胺etamsylate第6章胺类药物的分析第7章杂环类药物的分析二硝基氯苯反应Vongerichten反应戊烯二醛反应反应第8章生物碱类药物的分析生物碱alkaloids阿片gum opium扫尾剂tailing-suppressing reagent蒂巴因thebaine诺司卡品noscapine竞争离子competing ions亲脂性lipophicity拖尾因子tailing factor金刚烷adamantane第9章维生素类药物的分析维生素vitamin去氢维生素A dehydroretinol去水维生素A anhydroretinol鲸醇kitol三氯化锑反应Carr-Price反应维生素B1 thiamine hydrochloride；盐酸硫胺2，3，5-三苯基氯化四氮唑2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chlorid，TTC红四氮唑red tetrazoline，RT蓝四氮唑blue tetrazoline，BT3，3’-二甲基氧苯基-双-4，4’-（3，5-二苯基）氯化四氮唑{3，3’-dianisole-bis[4，4’-（3，5-dipheny）tetrazolium chloride]}有色甲……formazan铁-酚试剂iron-phenol reagente铁-柯柏试剂iron-Kober reagent南药07药理复试题一、名词解释（5分*10）1、一级动力学消除；2、非竞争性拮抗剂；3、动作电位时程；4、前致癌物；5、初次接触效应；6、synergism；7、mutation；8、GLP；9、acute toxicity；10、uptake1。
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Aabstainer 戒断者abstinence 撤药abstinence syndrome 戒断综合征abuse 滥用abuse liability 滥用倾向abuse potential 滥用潜力acid [俚]大麻acoasma 幻听acolasia 放纵acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）acute alcoholism 急性酒精中毒acute intoxication 急性中毒acute withdrawal syndrome 急性戒断综合征addict 成瘾者addiction 成瘾addiction medicine 成瘾性药addiction prone personality 依赖性倾向人格addictionologist 成瘾性研究者addictive 成瘾的addictive personality 成瘾个性adverse drug reaction 药物不良反应affion (offium) 烟土afyuni 阿芙蓉（鸦片）agonist 激动剂agrypnia 失眠alcohol abstinence 酒戒断alcohol abuse 酒滥用alcohol dependence syndrome 酒依赖综合征alcohol intoxication 酒中毒alcohol preference 酒精偏爱alcohol tolerance 酒耐受alcohol withdrawal 酒戒断alcoholic personality 酗酒者人格Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) 戒酒者协会alcoholics 酗酒者alcoholism 酒精中毒alcoholophilia 酒癖alcoholtherapy 酒精疗法algesia (algesthesia) 痛觉algesic (algetic) 疼痛的algid sudor 冷汗alienation 精神错乱amphetamine 苯丙胺amphetamine psychosis 苯丙胺性精神障碍analgesic activity 镇痛作用analgesic agent 镇痛剂analgesic drug 止痛药analgesics 镇痛剂anesthetics 麻醉剂animal model 动物模型antagonist 拮抗剂antianxiety agent 抗焦虑剂antisocial personality 反社会人格anxiety 焦虑apathy 情感淡漠ataractics 安定药ataxia 运动失调Bbarbiturates 巴比妥类behavior psychology 行为心理学benzodiazepines 苯二氮卓类buprenorphine 丁丙诺啡Ccalmodulin 钙调节蛋白，钙调素cannabin 大麻酯cannabine 大麻碱cannabinol 大麻酚cannabis 大麻，大麻类cannabism 大麻中毒center of reward 奖赏中枢central excitatory mechanism 中枢兴奋机制charas [俚]大麻charley [俚]可卡因chasing dragon [俚]追龙（烫吸方式）chicken powder [俚]苯丙胺或与之相关物质chief [俚]麦角酰二乙胺Clinical Institute Narcotic Assessment (CINA scale) 临床麻醉药品评估量表coca 古柯coca alkaloids 古柯生物碱coca leaf 古柯叶coca paste 古柯糊cocaine 古柯碱，可卡因cocaine base 可卡因碱cocaine hydrochloride 盐酸可卡因cocaine psychosis 可卡因性精神病cocaines 可卡因类cocainidine 甲基可卡因cocainomaniac 可卡因成瘾者cockstailytic 抗植物神经合剂，冬眠合剂codeine 可待因codependence 协同依赖性coffein 咖啡滥用，咖啡中毒cokane(in my brain) [俚]可卡因coke [俚]可卡因cold turkey 冷火鸡coma 昏迷Commission on Narcotic Drugs(CND) 联合国麻醉药品委员会concentrate of poppy straw 罂粟秆浓缩物conditioned place preference 条件性位置偏爱corediastasis(corodiastasis) 瞳孔扩大craving 渴求crystal [俚]结晶（指高纯度甲基苯丙胺或右旋甲基苯丙胺）DDAYTOP village 日顶村（1963年纽约创建的戒毒单位）demographic characteristics 人口学特征dependence potential 依赖性潜力dependence syndrome 依赖性综合征dependence treatment 依赖性治疗dependence-producing drug 致依赖性药物dependence-producing property 依赖性特性dependency 依赖性designer drug 策划药detection 监测detoxification 脱毒，戒毒治疗detoxification center 戒毒中心discrimination 辨别discriminatiin box 辨别箱discrimination training 辨别训练dizziness 头晕dopamine(DA) 多巴胺drug abuse 药物滥用drug abuse pattern 药物滥用方式drug addiction 药物成瘾性drug control 禁毒，药物控制drug dependence 药物依赖性drug determination 药物测定drug discrimination (DD) 药物辨别drug epidemiology 药物流行病学drug free 摆脱吸毒drug habit 药物成瘾drug induced hallucination 服药幻觉drug intoxication 药物中毒drug misuse 药物误用drug monitoring 药物监控drug of psychedelic 致幻剂drug overdose 药物过量drug policy 药品政策drug potency 药物作用强度drug problem 毒品问题drug receptor binding 药物受体结合drug resistance 耐药性drug safety 药物安全性drug surveillance 药物监测drug testing 药物检测drug tolerance 药物耐受性drug urinalysis 药物尿分析drug withdrawal 药物戒断drug-admixed food method 药掺食法drug-seeking behavior 觅药行为drug-wise training 抗毒锦囊训练drugged [俚]掺麻醉，吸毒成瘾drug act 毒品条例drunken 酗酒dry mouth 口干dual personality 双重人格dynorphin 强啡呔dyscinesia (dyskinesia) 运动障碍dyscoimesis (dyskoimesis) 睡眠困难dysfunction 机能障碍dysphoria 烦躁不安，焦虑dyspnea 呼吸困难dyssomnia 睡眠障碍dystaxia 共济失调dysthesia 烦躁dysthymia disorders 抑郁症dystrophia(dystrophy) 营养不良dystrophy 行为异常Enecephalin 脑啡肽endogenous opiate 内源性阿片endogenous opioid peptides 内阿片肽endorphin 内啡肽epidemiology 流行病学epidemiology survey 流行病学调查epidural injection 硬膜外注射euphoria 欣快euphoriant effect 欣快效应euphoric behavior 欢乐行为excessive drinking 过度饮酒excitoacceleratory 兴奋加速的excitoinhibitory 抑制兴奋的Ffloaty euphoria 飘飘然，欣快感follow up 随访follow-up study 随访研究，追踪研究Ggage [俚]大麻gan ja [俚]大麻ganjah 大麻Golden Crescent 金新月Golden Triangle 金三角goose flesh 鸡皮疙瘩group psychotherapy 集体心理治疗group regulation 集体调节Hhallucination 幻觉hallucinogen 致幻剂hallucinogenic drug 致幻剂hash [俚]大麻hashish 大麻，大麻树脂hashishin 大麻瘾者hashishism 大麻瘾heavy drinking 酗酒heavy smoker 重度吸烟者hepatitis 肝炎herb [俚]大麻herd susceptibility 人群易感性heroin(diacetylmorphine) 海洛因high risk population 高危人群hyoscine 东莨菪碱Iillicit drug 非法药物illicit trafficking 非法贩运illusion 幻觉immunoassay kit 免疫试剂盒infection 传染inhalant 吸入剂intervention 干预intoxication 中毒intravenous injection 静脉注射invasion 发病investigation 调查Jjunkies 吸毒者juvenile delinquency 少年犯罪Kketamine 氯胺酮Llysergic acid diethylanide (LSD) 麦角二乙胺（致幻剂）M3-4-methylenedioxy- methamphetamine (MDMA) 亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺maintenance program 维持治疗计划maintenance therapy 维持疗法marihuana(marijuana) 大麻mecon 鸦片methadone 美沙酮methadone maintenance 美沙酮维持methadone treatment 美沙酮治疗methamphetamine N-甲基苯丙胺method of abstention 戒毒法method of administration 给药途径methyl amphetamine 甲基苯丙胺misuse 误用monitoring 监测morphine 吗啡morphine hydrochloride 盐酸吗啡multiple drug abuse 多药滥用Nnaloxone 纳洛酮naltrexone 纳曲酮narcotic analgesic agent 麻醉性止痛药narcotic antagonist 麻醉药品拮抗剂narcotic dependence 麻醉药依赖narcotics 麻醉药narcotics addiction 麻醉药成瘾Narcotics Anonymous (NA) 麻醉药品滥用者互助协会（戒毒会）needle sharing 共用针头needle track 注射斑痕neurological susceptibility 易感性nicotiana tabacum 烟草nicotine 尼古丁，烟碱nicotine gum 尼古丁胶姆糖nicotinism 尼古丁中毒nonopioid analgesic 非阿片类镇痛药Oopiates 阿片类opioid receptor 阿片类受体Opiod substitution treatment(OST) 阿片替代疗法opium 阿片opium powder 阿片粉opium-addiction(opiumism) 阿片成瘾Ppapaveracease 罂粟科papaverine 罂粟碱papaveris capsular 罂粟壳paregorism 阿片瘾passive smoking 被动吸烟per os 口服pharmacodynamic tolerance 药效耐受性pharmacokinetics 药代动力学pharmacological dependence 药物依赖pharmacology 药理学physical dependence 身体依赖physical withdrawal 躯体戒断physiological dependence 身体依赖（生理依赖）place preference 位置偏爱实验poppy shell 罂粟壳powdered opium 阿片粉剂prevention 预防primary prevention 初级预防，一级预防protracted opioid abstinence syndrome 阿片戒断综合征protracted syndrome 稽延性症状psychoactive substance abuse 精神活性物质滥用psychotherapeutics 精神治疗，心理治疗psychotherapy 心理治疗pupillary dilation 瞳孔扩大Rrelapse 复吸relapse prevention 预防复吸reward center 奖赏中枢reward system 奖赏系统reward effect 奖赏效应route of administration 用药途径route of transmission 传播途径Ssmoke 吸烟smokeless tobacco 无烟烟草smoker 吸烟者smoking cessation 戒烟sniffing glue 嗅胶snort 鼻吸social interaction 社会干预soft drug 软性毒品solvent abuse 溶媒滥用solvent inhalation 溶媒吸入剂solvents 溶剂stimulant 兴奋剂streat drug 市售药[毒]品street drug user 街头吸毒者street heroin 市售海洛因street huffer 街头溶剂滥用者street junkie 吸毒者substance(drug)-seeking behavior 觅药行为syndrome 综合征Ttabacco 烟草tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) 四氢大麻酚Therapeutic Community(TC) 治疗集体thin layer chromatography（TLC) 薄层色谱法tobacco dependence 烟草依赖性tobacco smoke 吸烟tobacco withdrawal 烟草戒断tobaccoism 烟草中毒tolerance 耐受性toxicity 毒性toxicology 毒理学toxicomania 毒物瘾transmission of infection 感染传播Vvolatile solvent 挥发性溶剂volatile substance 挥发性物质volunteer 志愿者vomiting(vomition) 呕吐Wwithdrawal 撤药，戒断withdrawal syndrome 戒断综合征Yyoung offender 青少年犯罪Zzen [俚]麦角二乙胺。