主谓一致的三个原则

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主谓一致“三原则”

主谓一致“三原则”

主谓一致“三原则”一、语法一致原则。

即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致,谓语的单复数形式取决于主语的单复数形式。

1.主语为复数时用复数的谓语动词;主语为单数名词、代词、不可数名词、单个的动词不定式、动名词短语或从句时,谓语动词用单数。

2. 由and或both…and连接的短语,谓语动词常用复数。

3.and连接的两个名词指同一人、同一物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。

4.由and连接的两个单数主语前分别有every, each, many a, no修饰时,谓语动词用单数。

5.主语为单数,尽管后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, not,besides, like, except, but, including, rather than 等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数。

二、意义一致原则。

即谓语动词取决于主语所表达的意义,若主语形式上为复数,而意义上是单数,动词要用单数;若主语形式上为单数,而意义上是复数,动词要用复数;1. 表示时间、距离、价格、长度、重量的复数名词常被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。

2. family, team, crowd, audience, class, committee 等集合名词作主语时,如看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数,如看成若干成员,谓语动词用复数。

3. the rest, some, most, half, part, 分数或百分数作主语时,所指代的是可数名词,谓语用复数;指代的是不可数名词,谓语用单数。

4. either, neither, each, another以及any, some, no, every与body, one, thing构成的不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数。

5.none of 作主语时,后接不可数名词用单数的谓语动词;后接可数名词时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数。

5. the加上形容词或分词可当名词来用,如指一类人,用复数的谓语动词;如指一抽象概念,则用单数的谓语动词。

谈谈“主谓一致”的三个原则

谈谈“主谓一致”的三个原则

解析:句(1)中的 and 连接 teacher 和 friends 两个
不同主语,谓语动词选用复数形式 are。句(2)中 and
连接的 poet 与 writer 是指同一个人,则谓语动词使用
单数形式,故选用 has。有类似用法的词还有 both...
and ...。
2. Every boy and every girl hopes to take part in the
but to exercise outside in winter needs great willpower.
解析:句(1)中的不定式短语 To learn composition
作 主 语 ,谓 语 动 词 使 用 单 数 形 式 is。 句(2)中 从 句
That he has won won the first place 作主语,谓语动词选
1.非谓语动词如果在形容词的后面作状语时,应
用其 to do(不定式)形式。
解析:imagine 是动词,其后接动名词,再分析句子
walking。
3.非谓语动词如果跟在某些动词之后时,应用其
to do(不定式)形式,这类动词有 agree,attempt,refuse,
resolve,hesitate,
sports meeting next Saturday.
解析:句子中的主语是“every+单数名词+and+ ev⁃
ery + 单 数 名 词 ”时 ,谓 语 动 词 使 用 单 数 形 式 ,即 用
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英语篇
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高考英语语法:主谓一致

高考英语语法:主谓一致

高考英语语法:主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。

主谓一致一般遵循三个原则:语法一致(或叫形式一致),意义一致或就近一致①.语法一致: 主谓在语法形式上一致, 即主语是单数形式, 谓语用单数, 主语是复数形式, 谓语用复数②.意义一致: 根据主语的内在涵义的单复数确定谓语的单复数③.就近一致: 一个句子中有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语和靠近它的那个主语保持人称和数的一致分述1.当主语是不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everything, nothing, something, anything等时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数a. Somebody is waiting for you outside.b. Nobody knows the answer.有些不定代词作主语时, 据意义确定谓语动词的单复数. 若不定代词所指为单数意义, 谓语用单数; 若不定代词所指为复数意义, 谓语用复数. 这类词有: all, some, any, more, most, half 等a. All are happy to hear the news.b. All that has to be done has been done.c. Most of the surface of the earth is covered by water.d. Half of the wood has been carried away.2.集体名词如: family, class, army, enemy,government, group, team等作主语时, 如果将其看作一个整体, 则谓语动词用单数, 若看成其中的成员(个体), 则谓语动词用复数a. My family is a happy one. / All my family are music lovers.b. Our class is the best in our school. / The whole class are having a discussion about the problem.集体名词people, cattle, police, youth等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数a. The police are looking for the thief.b. Cattle are not allowed to graze here.3.代词none和neither作主语时, 谓语动词根据说话人的意思用单数或复数. 当说话人着眼于任何一个都不时, 谓语动词用单数; 当说话人着眼于全都不时, 谓语动词用复数a. None of them has a car. ( 他们没有一个人有汽车)b. None of them have a car. ( 他们都没有汽车)c. None of them knows the answer. ( 他们两个谁也不知道答案)d. None of them know the answer. ( 他们两个都不知道答案)4.bothand连接两个主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 连接两个主语时, 采取就近原则, 即谓语动词和靠近它的那个主语保持一致a. Both Tom and Jerry were late for school that day.b. Either you or he has dropped waste paper in the street.c. Neither he nor I have forgotten for pay for the drinks.5.在There be和Here be结构中, 句子的主语在be之后, 如果主语不止一个, 那么谓语动词be与邻近的主语一致a. There is a desk, a table, three chairs in the room.b. There are three chairs, a desk and a table in the room.c. Here are two letters and a magazine for you.6.如果主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besi des, including, like, rather than, no less than, in addition to(除外)等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的形式只与主语有关, 而与其后的短语无关a. The teacher with three student s was in the classroom then.b. This book, as well as the other two books, is borrowed from our school library.c. None but Jim and Mike knows my secret.d. Seven people, including a policeman, were killed.7.表示时间, 长度, 距离, 金额, 价值, 重量, 容量等的复数名词作主语时, 通常作整体看待, 即表示总量或总和, 谓语动词用单数. 若把它们看作一个个的个体, 即强调其具体数量时, 谓语动词用复数形式a. Twenty years is a long time to us.b. Two hundred miles is not a long distance.c. Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.d. There are ten minutes left.8.在四则运算中, 谓语动词用单复数均可, 但单数形式更为多用a. Two and ten is / are twelve.b. Three times five is / are fifteen.9.动名词或动词不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用单数a. Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit.b. Carving animal bones is not an easy job.10.主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数. 但若主语从句所指的具体内容为复数意义时, 谓语动词用复数a. What we need is more time.b. What we need are more doctors.11.以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数, 这类专有名词如: General Motors(通用汽车公司), the United Nations(联合国), the United States, the New York Times(纽约时报)等.a. The New York Times is published daily.b. The Arabian Nights is a popular reading among the young people.表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数, 如:the Andes(安第斯山脉), the Alps(阿尔卑斯山脉), the West Indies(西印度群岛), the Niagara Falls(尼加拉大瀑布)12.有些形式为复数, 而意义为单数的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 这类名词如: news, works(工厂), politics(政治), physics(物理), mathematics(数学 )等13.以-s或-es结尾, 由对称的两部分构成的物体作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 这类物体如: trousers, glasses, jeans(牛仔裤), scissors(剪刀), shades(太阳镜)等. 如果这类名词前用了pair, 则谓语动词的数取决于pair的数a. Here is a pair of glasses for you.b. There are three pairs of jeans in the bag.14. 分数或百分数+ of + 名词作主语时, 谓语动词视名词的可数与否采用单数或复数a. Over three quarters of the city was destroyed in the war.b. 35 percent of the do ctors are women.c. Thirty percent of the workers are out of work now.d. One third of the water has been wasted.15.用and连接两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 如果and连接的两个名词指的是同一人、事、物或概念( 如: a knife and f ork一副刀叉, the bread and butter奶油面包, my house and home我的家)时, 则谓语动词用单数a. Many books and a pen are on the desk.b. The pianist and composer (钢琴家兼作曲家) has come to this small town.16. the + adj.表示一类人或事物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. the +adj.若表示抽象概念或品质, 则谓语用单数a. The old in the city are taken good care of.b. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.美给我们以快乐17.more than one和many a + 单数名词作主语时, 谓语用单数a. Many a student has won the prize.很多学生获了奖b. More than one person has made the same mistake.不止一人犯了同样的错误。

主谓一致的基本原则

主谓一致的基本原则

主谓一致的基本原则主谓一致有以下三条原则:1语法一致原则,即在语法形式上取得一致;例如,主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采取复数形式;例如:The students are very young.This picture looks beautiful.2意义一致原则,即从意义着眼处理一致关系;例如,主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数,谓语动词也采取复数形式;而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数,谓语动词也采取单数形式;people in that country are fighting for independence.crowd deeply respect their leader.years in a strange land seems a long time.3就近原则,即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语;例如:Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy.Either ..or …2.主谓一致的用法根据以上三条原则,主谓一致有如下用法:1下列结构作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式a.表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语,谓语动词通常用单数形式;例如:hundred miles is a long distance.dollars is a high price for that book.b.由anyone,anything,anybody,noone,nothing,everyone,everybody,everything,some one,somebody,each,either,neither等不定代词作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式;例如:is knocking at the door.is better than going to the movie tonight.c.由“a series of,a kind of,a portion of +名词”作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式;例如:A series of debates is scheduled to be held next week.d.由“many a,more than one +单数名词”作主语,尽管意义上表示复数,但谓语动词仍采用单数形式;例如:Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.There is more than one answer to your question.e.“名词+and+名词”作主语,表示同一人、同一概念或事物时,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:A writer and educator is giving a lecture now.这个人既是作家又是教育家A writer and a educatorf."either neither + of +复数名词或代词"作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:either of you takes a vacation now,we will not be able to finish the work.of them wants to come.g.在each…and each…,every…and every…等结构之后,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:Each man and each woman has the right to vote.h.动词不定式、动名词或分句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;例如:What I want to say is none of your business.Listening to the classical music is enjoyable.i.以-ics结尾的复数名词指一门学科时,如politics政治学,mathematics数学,statistics统计学,acoustics声学,linguistics语言学等,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:Mathematics is what he majors in.2下列结构作主语,谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词;意义一致a.由“a11,none,no,most,half,the last,the rest,the remainder+of+名词”等不定代词作主语,谓语动词单复数形式由of后名词的单复数而定;例如:None of the food is wasted.None of the students were absent.The rest of the lecture was dull.The rest of the bikes were on sale yesterday.b.由"lots of,heaps of,loads Of,scads of +名词”作主语,谓语动词单复数形式由of后名词的单复数而定;例如:Lots of work is to be done this week.Lots of people are going to swim this afternoon.There is loads of milk on the farm.There are loads of big red apples on the ground.There is heaps of fun.c.由“分数或百分数十of +名词或代词”作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后名词或代词的单复数形式;例如:Three-quarters of the area is cultivated.Ninety percent of the students have passed the exam.3下列结构作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式根据意义而定;a.由“the+形容词” 这种结构作主语,根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式;如果表示一类人如the rich,the poor,the blind,the deaf,the sick,the young,the old,谓语动词用复数形式;如果表示个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:The blind are taught trades in special schools.表示一类人The good in him overweighs the bad.表示抽象概念The departed was a good friend of his.表示个人b.family,crowd,committee,class,audience,group ,government,team,public,majority,minority等集合名词作主语,谓语动词单复数形式应根据意义而定;例如:The family like to listen to the music.the family 指这家人,用作复数The family is small.the family指这个家庭,用作单数The committee has considered your proposal.the committee指委员会,用作单数The committee were arguing for an hour before they gave their votes. the committee指委员会的委员们,用作复数下列结构作主语,谓语动词一般单复数均可;a.以数词为名词词组中心词作主语时,谓语动词一般单复数均可;例如:Five and six make/makes eleven.Seven times ten are seventy.但是:Twenty from thirty leaves ten.Six sevens are forty-two.b.由"one in/out of +名词”作主语,谓语动词单复数均可;例如:One in ten were/was present.下列结构作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;由and或both…and连接两个单数形式的名词词组作主语时,一般谓语动词用复数形式;例如:A girl and a boy want to go.Both rice and wheat are grown in that country.6下列结构作主语,谓语动词单复数形式视具体情况而定;a.由as well as,together with,besides,like,along with,with but,except,accompanied by,rather than,including连接两个名词作主语,谓语单复数形式应由连接词前的名词而定;例如:The president of the college,together with the deans,is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.The young mother with her two children is coming now.The plant manager,like many technicians,is experienced in designing new products.b.“名词+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词单复数形式跟of前的名词一致;例如:The picture of the children孩子的照片 brings back many memories of my past experiences.The effects of cigarette smoking have been proved to be extremely harmful.c.由not only…butalso,either…or,neither…nor或or连接的并列主语,通常根据就近一致原则,谓语动词的单复数形式由最接近它的名词词组的单复数形式决定;例如:He or you have taken my pen.Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.One or two days are enough to visit the city. d.there be句型中的谓语动词单复数形式一般取决于其后的真正主语的单复数形式;例如:There is a garden in front of the house.There are two things I'd like to say here.7关于几对容易混淆词组的一致用法a.由"this/that kind/type of +名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;而由"these/those kind/type of +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;例如:kind of apples is highly priced.这种kinds of tests are good.那些b.由“a number of,a total of,an avera ge of +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;由“the number of,the total of,the average of +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;例如:A number of students are waiting for the bus.The number of the students in this university is increasing yearly.c.one of,the only one of的一致用法This is one of the books that have been recommended.This is the only one of the books that has been recommended.3.前后呼应的用法1当everyone,everybody,noone,nobody,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,eve rything,anything,something,nothing等用作主语时,其相应的代词一般用单数形式;例如:If anybody calls,tell him that I'm out.Something strange happened,didn't itEvery passenger has to carry his own luggage.2人称代词与名词的呼应:人称代词I me,he him,she her,it it都是代替前面的单数名词,而they them,we us则是代替复数名词的,you既可以代表单数,也可以代表复数;但表示泛指的时候,用he或one来表示;例如:If a young person enters a classical music field only for money,he is in the wrong profession.The leaves of the red maple are highly poisonous to horses and when ingested can kill them within fifteen hours;3物主代词与名词的呼应:my,our,his,her,its,their要与代替的名词在数上一致;例如:The welfare department,as well as the other social services,will have its budget cut.Delphins are warm-blooded;that is,their body temperature always stays about thesame,regardless of the surroundings.4反身代词与其所代成分间的呼应;Many primitive people believed that by eating an animal they could get some of the good qualities of that animal for themselves.Everybody clings to this illusion about himself.I have just been out to get myself a cup of tea.5指示代词与所代名词间的呼应:this和that指代单数名词或不可数名词,these和those指代复数名词those还可以用作先行词,引导定语从句,表示“那些人”;例如:She invited all those who had been her former colleagues.The amount of the pressure caused by the weight of a column of fluid is determined by the height of this column.6much和much of后接不可数名词,而many和many of 后接可数名词的复数;例如:There is not much coal left.A great many of the houses were knocked down by the earthquake.7表示量的词后面有的接可数名词,有的接不可数名词;接可数名词的有:a number of,a range of,a series of十复数名词;接不可数名词的有:a great deal of,an amount of十不可数名词;既可接可数又可接不可数名词的有:a lot of,a variety of;例如: government attached a great deal of importance to education.a number of women applied for this job.college library has a variety of books.apple is a variety of fruit.wide range of disorders can affect the human muscular system.。

主谓一致三条原则之间的关系

主谓一致三条原则之间的关系

主谓一致三条原则之间的关系主谓一致是语法中一个重要的原则,它指的是主语与谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。

在英语中,主谓一致的三条原则是:人称一致、数一致和时态一致。

这三条原则之间有着密切的联系和相互影响。

人称一致是主谓一致的基本原则之一。

人称一致要求主语和谓语在人称上保持一致。

例如,在第一人称单数主语“我”和谓语“am”之间,就存在着人称一致关系。

同样地,第三人称单数主语“他”和谓语“is”之间也需要保持人称一致。

人称一致的原则使得句子更加准确地表达了不同人称的主语与谓语之间的关系。

数一致也是主谓一致的重要原则之一。

数一致要求主语和谓语在数上保持一致。

例如,在单数主语“猫”和谓语“跑”之间,就存在着数一致关系。

同样地,在复数主语“狗们”和谓语“跳”之间也需要保持数一致。

数一致的原则使得句子更加准确地表达了主语与谓语之间的数量关系。

时态一致也是主谓一致的关键原则之一。

时态一致要求主语和谓语在时态上保持一致。

例如,在现在时态中,主语“我”和谓语“喜欢”之间需要保持时态一致。

同样地,在过去时态中,主语“他们”和谓语“吃”之间也需要保持时态一致。

时态一致的原则使得句子更加准确地表达了主语与谓语之间的时间关系。

这三条主谓一致的原则相互依存,共同构成了一个完整的语法体系。

人称一致、数一致和时态一致三者之间相互影响,共同决定了主语与谓语之间的关系。

如果在一个句子中,其中一条原则没有得到满足,就会导致句子不通顺或者含义模糊。

因此,在写作中,我们要特别注意主谓一致的三条原则,以确保句子的准确性和流畅性。

主谓一致的三条原则,即人称一致、数一致和时态一致,是语法中非常重要的原则。

它们之间相互依存、相互影响,共同构成了主谓一致的规则体系。

遵循这些原则可以使我们的句子更加准确、通顺和易于理解。

因此,在写作和表达中,我们应该时刻注意主谓一致的三条原则,以避免语法错误和歧义的产生。

主谓一致三个原则

主谓一致三个原则

主谓一致三个原则主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称、数和时态等方面的配合一致。

主谓一致是语法中的重要原则之一,它可以使句子结构更加完整,准确传达思想。

主谓一致在句子构造中起到桥梁的作用,让读者或听者更加准确地理解句子的含义。

本文将介绍主谓一致的三个原则。

首先,主语与谓语在人称上要一致。

这是主谓一致的基本原则之一、人称主要包括第一人称、第二人称和第三人称。

当主语是第一人称(如“I”)时,谓语也应该是第一人称(如“am”)。

当主语是第二人称(如“You”)时,谓语也应该是第二人称(如“are”)。

同样,当主语是第三人称(如“He”、“She”、“It”)时,谓语也应该是第三人称(如“is”、“does”)。

其次,主语与谓语在数上要一致。

这是主谓一致的第二个原则。

数主要指单数和复数。

当主语是单数形式(如“car”)时,谓语应该是单数形式(如“is”)。

当主语是复数形式(如“cars”)时,谓语应该是复数形式(如“are”)。

主语与谓语在数上的一致能够使句子更加清晰,避免语法错误。

最后,主语与谓语在时态上要一致。

这是主谓一致的第三个原则。

时态主要包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。

当主语处于一般现在时态(如“I drink”)时,谓语也处于一般现在时态(如“coffee”)。

当主语处于一般过去时态(如“John played”)时,谓语也处于一般过去时态(如“basketball”)。

主语与谓语在时态上的一致能够使句子更加流畅,使读者或听者能够更好地理解句子的意思。

总之,主谓一致是语法中的重要原则之一,它主要包括主语与谓语在人称、数和时态上的一致。

通过遵循主谓一致的原则,可以使句子结构更加完整,逻辑性更强,准确地传递思想。

只有通过正确运用主谓一致原则,才能使句子更加准确地表达意思,避免语法错误。

理解和掌握主谓一致的三个原则,对于提高写作能力和语法水平具有重要意义。

主谓一致“三原则”

主谓一致“三原则”

主谓一致“三原则”英语句子中的谓语动词要和主语在人称和数上保持一致,而在实际运用中又有一些具体情况,概括起来,主谓一致要遵循以下三个原则:一、语法一致原则1. 如果主语是单数形式,谓语动词也要用单数形式。

如:The number of students in our school is rising.我们学校的学生人数在上升。

2. each, either, neither, nobody, nothing, anything, anybody, everybody, everything等不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

如:Each of them has been to Beijing.他们每个人都去过北京。

Neither of them likes the film.他们两个谁也不喜欢那部电影。

3. 主语的数不受后面修饰它的短语的影响。

如:Tom together with his parents has visited the Great Wall.汤姆和他父母一起游览过长城。

二、意义一致原则1. 有的主语看似复数形式但表示的是单数意义,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

如:The news is exciting. 这是个令人振奋的消息。

The United States is in North America.美国位于北美洲。

Two years is really a very long time.两年的确是个很长的时间。

2. what, who, which, all, any, none, more, most 等代词用作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式要根据具体情况来确定。

如:What you said is very important. 你所说的话很重要。

Which are their chairs? 哪些是他们的椅子?3. 表示抽象概念的动词不定式和v.-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结主谓一致有三种一致原则,即:一. 语法一致;二. 概念一致(语言内容上一致);三. 相邻一致(就近原则)。

具体讲解:一. 语法一致;1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子做主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。

复数主语,用and 或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语,谓语动词则用复数形式。

例如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福。

Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。

2、当如下词或短语,如:as well as/with/along with/like/ together with/ rather than/except but/including/ accompanied by/ plus/besides/in addition to/no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。

The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.教材加上参考书对大学学生是非常有益的。

The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.那个人和他妻儿老小坐在沙发上看电视。

3、有些代词只能指单数可数名词,当它们在句子中做主语时,尽管在意义上是多数,谓语动词仍要用单数形式。

这类代词有:either,neither,each one, the other ,another,somebody ,someone,something,anyone,anything,anybody,everyone,everything,everybody,no one,nothing ,nobody;例如:Neither likes the friends of the other.两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。

英语主谓一致的三个原则

英语主谓一致的三个原则

英语主谓一致的三个原则英语中的主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称(第一人称、第二人称和第三人称)、数(单数和复数)和人称(第一人称、第二人称和第三人称)方面要保持一致。

下面是主谓一致的三个原则:1.第一人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第一人称,即指说话人自己时,谓语动词要用第一人称的形式,即单数一致。

例如:- I am going to the store.(我要去商店。

)- We are going to the store.(我们要去商店。

)2.以及第二人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第二人称,即指与说话人进行交流的人时,谓语动词要用第二人称的形式,即单数或复数一致。

例如:- You are my best friend.(你是我最好的朋友。

)- You all are my best friends.(你们都是我最好的朋友。

)3.并且第三人称主语与谓语动词保持一致:当主语是第三人称,即指除了说话人和听话人之外的其他人或物时,谓语动词要用第三人称的形式,根据主语的单复数来确定。

例如:- He is going to the store.(他要去商店。

)- They are going to the store.(他们要去商店。

)需要注意的是,存在一些特殊情况需要特别注意:- 当主语由连接词"and"连接时,如果主语是两个单数名词,则谓语动词要用复数形式;如果主语是一个单数名词和一个复数名词,则谓语动词要与靠近它的名词保持一致。

例如:- Tom and Jerry are playing soccer.(汤姆和杰瑞正在踢足球。

)- The cat and the dogs are eating.(猫和狗正在吃饭。

)- 当主语是由 either...or 或 neither...nor 连接时,谓语动词要与靠近它的名词保持一致。

例如:- Neither John nor his friends are going to the party.(约翰和他的朋友们都不去参加派对。

主谓一致性知识点

主谓一致性知识点

主谓一致一、主谓一致三原则主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

1.语法一致原则:主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

2.意义一致:主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式。

My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。

3.就近一致:谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数,复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。

2. many a+单数名词作主语,许多,谓语用单数形式。

Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

3. more than a/one+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。

More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4.表示时间,距离,金钱,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。

Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。

Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。

主谓一致三个原则

主谓一致三个原则

主谓一致三个原则主谓一致是英文语法中的一个基本原则,用来表达主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致。

在句子中,主语和谓语通常要保持一致,即如果主语是单数,则谓语也必须是单数,如果主语是复数,则谓语也必须是复数。

主谓一致原则既简洁明了,也能使语言更加准确和易于理解。

下面将介绍三个主谓一致的原则。

第一个主谓一致的原则是,当主语是由and连接的两个或更多的部分时,谓语动词应该是复数形式。

例如:"John and Mary are going to the party." (约翰和玛丽要去参加派对。

)这里,主语是"John and Mary",两个人一起去派对,所以谓语动词"are"是复数形式。

然而,当and连接的两个或更多的部分指的是同一个人或物时,谓语动词应该是单数形式。

例如:"Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast." (面包和黄油是我最喜欢的早餐。

)这里,主语是"bread and butter",指的是一种食物,所以谓语动词"is"是单数形式。

第二个主谓一致的原则是,当主语是由or或nor连接的两个或更多的部分时,谓语动词的形式取决于离谓语动词更近的部分。

例如:"Neither John nor Mary is going to the party." (既不约翰也不玛丽要去参加派对。

)这里,离谓语动词"going"更近的部分是"Mary",所以谓语动词"is"是单数形式。

然而,如果离谓语动词更近的部分是复数形式,则谓语动词应该是复数形式。

例如:"Neither the boys nor the girl were interested in the game." (既不男孩也不女孩对这个游戏感兴趣。

主谓一致的三个原则

主谓一致的三个原则

主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称(如第一人称、第二人称、
第三人称)、数(单数、复数)和形式(肯定句、否定句)上保持一致。

以下是主谓一致的三个原则:
原则一:一致性原则
根据一致性原则,当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;当主语
是复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。

例句:
- The cat chases mice every day.(猫每天都追逐老鼠。


- The cats chase mice every day.(猫们每天都追逐老鼠。


原则二:就近一致原则
根据就近一致原则,当主语有两个或更多个,并且用连词连接起来时,谓语动词的数应与最接近谓语动词的主语保持一致。

例句:
- Jack and Jill go to school together.(杰克和吉尔一起上学。

)- Jack or his friends go to the party.(杰克或者他的朋友们去
参加派对。


原则三:无谓语从句的一致原则
当谓语动词是主句的一部分时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致,而不是与从句中的主语保持一致。

例句:
- The fact that he is late does not surprise me.(他迟到这个事实并不让我惊讶。


以上就是主谓一致的三个原则。

遵循这些原则可以使句子更准确、易于理解,并且使语法结构更正确。

主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的一个概念,合理使用可以帮助我们更好地表达自己的意思。

主谓一致最全面讲解

主谓一致最全面讲解

主谓一致最全面讲解主谓一致(concord),是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数上的一致。

英语中动词be的变化形式最多,如I am,You are,He is,We are等。

主语I一定要用am的动词形式,这就叫“主谓一致”。

一、主谓一致的三个原则主谓一致涉及三个基本原则,即语法一致原则(principle of grammatical concord)、意义一致原则(principle of notional concord)和就近一致原则(principle of proximity)。

A. 语法一致语法一致是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式。

My child has no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子不想与我一起度假。

My children have no intention of spending a vacation with me. 我的孩子们不想与我一起度假。

B. 意义一致意义一致是说谓语动词的单、复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记。

1. 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数。

The only people who are interested in the book seem to be lawyers. 唯一对这本书感兴趣的人好像是律师。

The majority of primary school teachers are women. 大多数小学老师都是女的。

2. 主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数。

Billiards is becoming more and more popular in some cities. 桌球在一些城市里越来越受欢迎。

C. 就近一致就近一致是指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致。

主谓一致三原则

主谓一致三原则

主谓一致三原则作者:刘平来源:《新高考·高一英语》2012年第05期主谓一致是高中阶段英语语法学习的重点之一。

学生在平时的学习过程中,尤其是在写作时,会忽视主谓一致的原则。

为更好地掌握主谓一致的使用原则,现将主要知识要点归纳如下:主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数上要保持一致,通常遵循以下三个原则:1. 语法一致原则,即主语是单数,谓语也要用单数形式;主语是复数,谓语也用复数形式。

2. 意义一致原则,即主语形式为单数,但意义是复数,谓语动词用复数;主语形式为复数,但意义为单数,谓语动词用单数。

3. 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复数形式由最靠近它的主语来决定。

一、语法一致原则1. 动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。

what引导的主语从句,如果表语是复数,则谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:Seeing is believing. 眼见为实What he said is right. 他说的是对的。

What we need are more books. 我们需要的是更多的书。

2. 在定语从句中,关系代词that, which, who等作主语时,谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。

例如:I, who am your close friend, will help you. 我是你的好朋友,我会帮你的。

Those who want to go to the cinema puts up your hands. 想去电影院的人请举手。

Anyone who wants to go to the cinema puts up your hands. 谁想去电影院谁举手。

one of +复数名词+who/that/which”结构中,关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词,所以从句中谓语动词用复数形式。

但当one之前有the或the only 修饰时,关系代词的先行词是the one或the only one,因此从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。

名词的主谓一致规则

名词的主谓一致规则

名词的主谓一致规则
名词的主谓一致规则主要涉及三方面原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式。

意义一致原则:谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致。

例如,某些集体名词如team、family等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式;如果就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。

就近一致原则:当连词or、not...but...、either ...or ...、neither ...nor ...、not only ...but (also) ...等连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的形式一般与最靠近的词语保持一致。

此外,还有一些特殊情况需要注意:
代词each以及由every、some、no、any等构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语需用单数。

但each若放在主语后作同位语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

many a或more than one所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。

不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

并列结构作主语时,需要根据并列项的实际情况选择适当的谓语动词形式。

以上规则需根据实际情况灵活运用,以确保主谓一致。

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主谓一致的三个原则在英语中谓语动词在人称和数上必须同主语保持一致。

确定主谓一致要根据以下三个基本原则:一、语法一致原则, 即谓语动词要和它的主语在形式上取得一致,即单数主语用单数动词,复数主语用复数动词。

但要注意以下几种情况:1由and 连接并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数。

A teacher and his students are invited to the English evening.一个老师和他的学生被邀请参加英语晚会。

但以下两种情况谓语动词要用单数形式:(1)并列主语指同一人(物)、同一概念(这是第二个名词前无冠词)时;The professor and writer is coming to the meeting. 那位教授兼作家将来参加会议。

Truth and honesty is the best policy. 诚实才是上策。

类似的短语还有a cart and horse(马车), a cup and saucer(放在盘子上的茶杯), cause and effect(因果), bread and butter(黄油面包), iron and steel(钢铁) ,study and research(研讨), the needle and thread(针线), trial and error(反复试验)(2) 并列主语分别被each, every, no, many a 修饰时。

如:Each book and each paper was in proper place. 每本书、每张纸都摆放得井井有条。

No teacher and no student is present. 没有教师和学生出席。

2. 单个不定式、动词-ing、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Taking care of children needs patience. 照看儿童需要耐心。

To remember these words is our main task today. 记住这些单词是我们今天的主要任务。

What we need is time not money. 我们所需要的是时间而不是钱。

3. 主语后如跟有as well as, with, along with, together with, rather than(而不是), like, but, except, besides时,谓语动词的单复数要与主语保持一致。

The teacher, as well as the students is pleased with the result. 除了学生外,老师对这个结果也感到满意。

The manager, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the loss. 损失的责任由经理而不是由工人们来承担。

4. all(some, both, a few, a lot ,a part, plenty, the rest, half, most, a number)of +名词或分数、百分数短语作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词。

All of the students are in the classroom. 所有学生都在教室。

70 percent of the oil is gone. 百分之七十的油已经用完了。

Two thirds of the workers are against the plan. 三分之二的工人反对这个计划。

5. each(either, neither, one)of+ 复数名词以及some, any, no, every与body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Either of the boys is interested in the stories. 这两个孩子中的任何一个对这个故事都感兴趣。

Everyone wants to have such a good chance. 每个人都想有这样一个好机会。

none 作主语时指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数;指代可数名词时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。

None of the money is mine. 这笔钱没有一点是我的。

None of them has (have) been there. 他们当中没有一个人去过那儿。

6. many a, more than one 修饰单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

Many a teacher is watching the football match. 许多老师在看足球赛。

At the meeting, more than one person was given a medal. 在会上,不止一人得了奖。

二、意义一致原则, 即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。

1. 表示时间、距离、金钱、度量等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。

Two years in a strange land seems a long time. 在一个陌生的地方呆三年似乎是很长的一段时间。

Fifty miles is not a long distance. 五十英里不是很长的一段距离。

Is ten dollars enough. 十美圆够了吗?2. 表示组织、国家、城市、人名、书名等的复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。

The United Nations is an international organization. 联合国是一个国际组织。

The Arabian Nights is read all over the world. 《天方夜谭》是流传世界各地的名著。

3. 以-ics 结尾的学科名词以及news, plastics等作主语,谓语动词用单数。

Physics is not easy for me. 对我来说物理不好学。

Plastics is a kind of matter. 塑料是一种物质。

4. the +形容词(分词)作主语指某一类人时,谓语动词用复数;指个人或抽象概念时谓语动词用单数。

The aged are taken care of in the country. 在这个国家里,老人得到很好照顾。

The beautiful is not always the useful. 漂亮的不一定是有用的。

5. people, police, cattle作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

Most people think so. 很多人都这么认为。

The cattle are very fat. 牛很肥。

6. 集体名词family, class, group, crowd, government, nation, public, team等作主语时,如看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数,如就其中的成员而言,谓语动词用复数。

My family is very large. 我家人口很多。

My family are all very athletic. 我家里人都很强健。

7. trousers, shoes, shorts, glasses等作主语,谓语动词用复数。

但其前有a pair of, a kind of 时,谓语动词用单数。

Her trousers are red. 她的裤子是红色的。

This pair of trousers doesn’t fit me. 这条裤子不合适我。

8. means, works 单复数同形,其前有every, a, such a, this, that 修饰时,谓语动词用单数;若其前有all, such, these, those修饰时,谓语动词用复数。

Every means has been tried. 每一种方法都被试过了。

All the glass works along the railway line were built in the 1970s. 铁路沿线的所有玻璃厂建于二十世纪七十年代。

三、就近原则,即谓语动词与离它最近的主谓保持一致。

1. 由连词or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also..., not...but..., whether... or ... 等连接的并列主语,谓语动词与离它最近的主语保持一致。

Were you or he there? 是你还是他在那儿?Not only the lights but also the old wire has been changed. 不仅更换了灯,而且旧电线也更换了。

2. there be 句型中,谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致。

There is a ruler and some books in the bag. 书包里有一把尺子和一些书。

There are two chairs and a desk in the room. 屋子里有两把椅子和一个课桌。

练习:1.A poet and artist _____ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.A.isB. areC. wasD. were2.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _____yet.A. are not decidedB. have not been decidedC. is not being decidedD. has not been decided3. The father as well as his three children _____skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.A. is goingB. goC. goesD. are going4. _____ of the land in that district _____covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; isD. Two fifths; are5. Every possible means _____to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.A. is usedB. are usedC. has been usedD. have been used6.Either you or the headmaster _____the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing outB. are to hang outC. are handing outD. is to hang out7. No one in the department but Tom and I _____ that the director is going to resign.A. knowsB. knowC. have knownD. am to know答案:1-5ADCCC 6.DA。

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