考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译
考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译考研英语经济类阅读理解及原文翻译：OPTIONS AHOYWhy investors like Korean blue chipsDESPITE the world economic downturn, South Koreas stockmarket has this year outperformed those of all other countries bar Russia. Its composite stock price index (Kospi) has risen by more than 25% since January 1st. The rally, which has been driven by foreign buying, is expected to continue next year, for two reasons: encouraging economic fundamentals, and the introduction of derivatives so beloved of the worlds hedge funds.On January 28th next year the Korea Stock Exchange is due to introduce option contracts on the shares of seven listed companies: SK Telecom, Korea Electric Power, Korea Telecom, Samsung Electronics, Hyundai Motor, Pohang Iron Steel and Kookmin Bank. And as early as July, the Financial Supervisory Commission is expected to allow investment banks to sell over-the-counter derivatives, such as equity or interest-rate swaps. Trading volume on the exchange will increase accordingly, says Lee Wonki at Merrill Lynch. Foreigners hold nearly 90 trillion won ($70 billion) of Korean shares, 37% of the market. Their slice of the trading of Kospi 200 index futures and options rose to 10% this year, from about 5% a year ago. But the Kospi index, covering 200 companies, is not the best way to hedge foreign portfolios, which are invested mainly in the seven blue-chipshares. Yet derivatives alone will not sustain Korean equities unless the economy turns around. There are signs that it has reached bottom, with real GDP estimated to have grown by at least 2.8% this year (slower than last year but higher than earlier forecasts of 2% or less). Jin Nyum, the finance minister, predicts that, although exports may suffer next year if the Japanese yen continues to fall, domestic demand and public spending will help real GDP to grow near to the countrys full potential of 5%.Some analysts argue that the recent market rise has been caused by investors blind faith in bank and technology shares. The latter rallied last month, but then hesitated as Micron, an American memory-chip maker, blew hot and cold on taking a stake in or allying with Hynix, Koreas debt-laden maker of memory chips.Nevertheless, the rally is likely to continue, says Koh Wonjong, of SG Securities in Seoul. That is because South Koreas industries are more diversified--into information technology, cars, shipbuilding, steel and services--than those of other Asian countries. In Taiwan, telecoms, media and technology shares account for 80% of the market.The restructuring of some big companies, such as Hynix and Daewoo Motor, remains incomplete, as does bank reform. But the past four years of financial and corporate change may soon pay off. For many companies, balance-sheet problems have turned into the need to measure profits, a far more welcome task.Economist; 12/22/2001, Vol. 361 Issue 8253, p86, 1/2p, 1 graph词汇注释bar prep. 除…之外rally n. 重整;(市场价格) 回升，跌后复升;恢复健康; 振作精神;集会, 大会;汽车赛会over-the-counter【证券】 (不通过交易所)买卖双方直接交易的，场外交易的(每位买者或卖者都是经过协议与议价来达成股票的买卖)option n. 选择权, [经]买卖的特权interest-rate swap 利率掉期;利率调期won [wCn] n. [sing., pl. ]圆(南北朝鲜的货币单位)index futures 指数期货hedge n. [经]对冲blow hot and cold (on, about) 出尔反尔;三心二意; 反复无常; 拿不定主意stake [steIk] n. (木头或金属的)柱，桩;股份;利害关系have [take] a stake in sth. 与某事有利害关系，与…休戚相关debt-laden 债台高筑的pay off 还清;偿清;报复;偿还;结清工资解雇(某人);成功参考译文选择权在招手为什么投资者对韩国蓝筹股情有独钟?尽管世界经济不景气, 但今年南韩的股市行情却比除俄国以外其他国家的股市都好。
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇_Unit
新东方出版的考研英语阅读理解精读100篇共有25个单元，本文档包含第一个单元，更多英语考研信息请点击UNIT ONETEXT ONETesco is preparing a legal battle to clear its name of involvement in the dairy price-fixing scandal that has cost consumers £270 million. Failure to prove that it had no part in collusion with other supermarkets and dairy processors may land it with a fine of at least £80 million. The Office of Fair Trading (OFT) said yesterday that Asda, Sainsbury’s and the former Safeway, plus the dairy companies Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company, had admitted being in a cartel to fixprices for milk, butter and cheese. They were fined a total of just over £116 million as part of a leniency deal offered by the watchdog to companies that owned up quickly to anti-competitive behaviour.Officials at the OFT admitted privately that they did not think they would ever discover which company or individual had initiated the pricing formula. But the watchdog recognises that at the time supermarkets were under pressure from politicians and farmers to raise the cost of milk to save dairy farming, though it is not certain that money found its way to farmers. The OFT claimed in September that it had found evidence that the retail chains had passed future milk prices to dairy companies, which then reached a fixed price among themselves.The average cost to each household is thought to be £11.25 over 2002 and 2003. Prices went up an extra 3p on a pint of milk, 15p on a quarter of a pound of butter and 15p on a half pound of cheese. There is no direct recompense for consumers, however, and the money will go to the Treasury. The National Consumer Council gave warning that the admissions would dent consumer confidence in leading high street names and that people would become sceptical of their claims. Farmers For Action, the group of farmers that has led protests over low milk prices since 2000, is seeking legal advice on whether it can now bring a claim for compensation.The OFT investigation is continuing, however, in relation to Tesco, Morrisons and the dairy group Lactalis McLelland, and any legal action is expected to be delayed until that is completed.Tesco was defiant and said that it was preparing a robust defence of its actions. Lucy Neville-Rolfe, its executive director, said: “As we have always said, we acted independently and we did not collude with anyone. Our position is different from our competitors and we are defending our own case vigorously. Our philosophy is to give a good deal to customers.”Morrisons has supported the OFT in inquiries into the former Safeway business that it took over, but in a statement said that it was still making “strong representations”in its defence. A spokeswoman for Lactalis McLelland said that the company was “co-operating” with the OFT. Industry insiders suggested that the three companies were deliberately stalling the OFT investigation.Sainsbury’s admitted yesterday that it had agreed to pay £26 million in fines, but denied that it had sought to profiteer. Justin King, the chief executive, said he was disappointed that the company had been penalised for actions meant to help farmers but recognised the benefit of a speedy settlement. Asda declined to say how much it would pay in fines and also said that its intention had been to help farmers under severe financial pressure.1. From the first paragraph, we may infer that _____[A] Tesco is the most resolute among all the retailers to defend its reputation.[B] it is already proved that Tesco has colluded with Asda, Wiseman, Dairy Crest and Cheese Company in fixing the dairy price. [C] Tesco is offered a leniency deal of £80 million because of its quick response to the anti-competitive behaviors[D] Tesco is trying its best to prove its innocence of the scandal.2. Who is most probably the initiator of the pricing formula?[A] Retail chains.[B] Farmers.[C] Dairy companies.[D] Politicians3. The word “defiant”(Line 1, Paragraph 5) most probably means _____.[A] resisiting[B] angry[C] deficient[D] confident4. We may infer from Morrisons’statement that _____ [A] Morrisons turn out to be the most defentive when dealing with OFT.[B] Morrisons is reluctant to support the inquiries into the former Safeway business. [C] industry insiders suggest that Morrisons was trying to delay the OFT investigation with non-cooperation.[D] Morrisons indeed refuses to admit its involvement in the scandal.5. The writer’s attitude to Tesco can be said to be _____[A] biased.[B] objective.[C] sympathetic.[D] optimistic.篇章剖析：本文介绍了目前奶制品公司因内部设定价格而面临受到的调查和处罚的状况。
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类unit1unit1Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be voted on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic-in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.Furthermore, the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, "stunning". GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a rate of growth that no EU country comes close to matching. Turkey’s inflation rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country reached agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic programme that will, according to the IMF’s managing director, Rodrigo Rato, "help Turkey... reduce inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience".Resilienc e has not historically been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by[A] Its GDP per head is far lagging behind that of the EU members.[B] Its inflation rate is still rising.[C] Its economy grows faster than any EU member.[D] Its economic resilience is very strong.2.We can infer from the second paragraph that__________.[A] Turkey will soon catch the average GDP level of the 15 pre-2004 EU members[B] inflation rate in Turkey used to be very high[C] Turkey’s economy will keep growing at present rate[D] IMF’s economic program will help Turkey join the EU3.The word “oscillated” (Lin e 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means_________.[A] fell[B] climbed[C] developed[D] swang4.Speaking of Turkey’s foreign direct investment, the author implies that_________.[A] it’s stock is far less than that of other countries[B] it does not have much influence on Turkey’s economic progress[C] steady GDP growth will help Turkey attract moreforeign direct investment[D] Turkey’s economic resilience relies on foreign direct investment5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that__________.[A] foreign investment environment in Turkey will become better[B] Turkey’s citizens will suffer heavy loss due to the change of the face value of the lira[C] the local currency will depreciate with the removal of six noughts from the face value[D] prices of goods will go up答案：C B D C A篇章剖析本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了土耳其的经济状况。
2009考研英语阅读理解精读100篇(3)
TEXT 3Controled bleeding or cauterisation? That was the unappealing choice facing UBS, a Swiss bank which has been badly hurt by the carnage in America’s mortgage market. The bank opted for the latter. First it opened the wound, by announcing a hefty $10 billion write-down on its exposure to subprime-infected debt. UBS now expects a loss for the fourth quarter, which ends this month. Then came the hot iron: news of a series of measures to shore up the bank’s capital base, among them investments from sovereign-wealth funds in Singapore and the Middle East.Bad news had been expected. UBS’s third-quarter write-down of over SFr4 billionin October looked overly optimistic compared with more aggressive markdowns at other banks such as Citigroup and Merrill Lynch. Steep falls in the market value of subprime debt since the end of the third quarter made it certain that UBS would take more pain, given its sizeable exposure to toxic collateralised-debt obligations (CDOs). Analysts at Citigroup were predicting in November that write-downs of up to SFr14 billion were possible.Why then did this new batch of red ink still come as a shock? The answer lies not in the scale of the overall loss, more in UBS’s decision to take the hit in one go. The bank’s mark-to-model approach to valuing its subprime-related holdings had been based on payments data from the underlying mortgage loans. Although these data show a worsening in credit quality, the deterioration is slower than mark-to-market valuations, which have the effect of instantly crystallising all expected future losses.Thanks to this gradualist approach, UBS had been expected to take write-downs in managed increments of SFr2 billion-3 billion over a period of several quarters. It nowappears that the bank has incorporated market values into its model, sending its fourth-quarter write-downs into orbit. The change of approach may be on the advice of auditors and regulators but it is more likely to reflect a desire by UBS’s bosses to avoid months of speculation about the bank’s exposure, something that Marcel Rohner, the chief executive, described as “distracting”.In a particular indignity for a bank long associated with conservatism, concerns about the level of UBS’s capital ratio had even started to surface. Hence the moves to strengthen its tier-one capital, an important measure of bank solidity, by SFr19.4 billion, a great deal more than the write-down. The majority of that money will come from sovereign-wealth funds, the white knights of choice for today’s bank in distress. Singapore’s GIC, which manages the city-state’s foreign reserves, has pledged to buy SFr11 billion-worth of convertible bonds in UBS; an unnamed Middle Eastern investor will put in a further SFr2 billion. UBS will also raise money by selling treasury shares, and save cash by issuing its 2007 dividend in the form of shares. Its capital ratio is expected to end up above 12% in the fourth quarter, a strong position.The majority of that money will come from sovereign-wealth funds, the white knights of choice for today’s bank in distress.Hopeful talk of lines being drawn under the subprime crisis has been a feature of banks’ quarterly reporting since September. Marrying bigger-than-expectedwrite-downs with bigger-than-expected boosts to capital looks like the right treatment in this environment. But UBS still cannot be sure that its problems are over. Further deterioration in its subprime asset values is possible; the broader economic impact of the credit crunch is unclear; and the damage to the bank’s reputat ion cannot yet be quantified. The patient still needs watching.1. The author uses the metaphor “hot iron” to imply that_____.[A] those measures will do more harm to UBS.[B] those measures will cauterize UBS.[C] those measures will forcefully stop UBS from furthur loss.[D] those measures will control bleeding of UBS.2. Compared with the mark-to-market valuations, the mark-to-model approach could _____.[A] slow down the worsening in credit qualtiy.[B] instantly crystallise all expected future loss.[C] worsen the credit quality.[D] accelerate the deterioration in credit quality.3. The reason that Marcel Rohner thought the chang of approach was “distracting” is _____.[A] this change was unexpected to take place in such a situation.[B] this change was result of the advice of auditors and regulators.[C] this change was unfavorite to UBS.[D] this change was taken to make people dispel their guess.4. The phrase “the white knights”(Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probablymeans____.[A] rich people.[B] saviors.[C] generous people.[D] brave people.5. The author’s attitude towards UBS’s future is______.[A] optimistic[B] pessimistic[C] uncertain[D] none of the above篇章分析：本篇文章介绍了UBS银行目前面临的困境以及其解决困境的一系列措施。
考研英语经济类阅读理解及参考答案
考研英语经济类阅读理解及参考答案阅读理解，我们在考研之前英语考试上造就做过了，但是还没有针对性地做过经济的吧。
下面是店铺给大家整理的考研英语经济类阅读理解及答案，供大家参阅!考研英语经济类阅读理解及答案：Crude awakeningA battle between two energy exchangesOPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be a quaint, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to theNew York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world's largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures, the benchmark contract for pricing two-thirds of the world's oil.The NYMEX is trying to snatch liquidity from London's International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has hitherto concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American benchmark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE's efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from "locals"--self-employed traders--is helping to prop up open-outcry, although some reckon that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronicsystems. Even the IPE has no plans to abolish its floor. Only last month it signed a lease, lasting until 2011, for its trading floor in London.Dublin's new pit is "showing promise", says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE's new morning electronic session. By the year's end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be viable. It would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.Ultimately, having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable. Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe's largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little headway. And the NYMEX has dabbled in Brent contracts before, without success.Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not band together? There have been merger talks before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more staid IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will slug it out--across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Economist; 11/6/2004, Vol. 373 Issue 8400, p78-78, 1/2p, 1c 注(1)：本文选自Economist;11/6/2004, p78-78, 1/2p, 1c;注(2)：本文习题命题模仿2001年真题text 2第1题(1)，text 4第2题(2)，text 1第2题(4)，2002年真题text 2第2题(3)，text 3第4题(5);1.The NYMEX and IPE are___________.[A] both using open outcry trading as a major trading form[B] partners that are reciprocal in their business activities[C] rivals that are competing in the oil trading market[D] both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice2.According to the author, one of the reasons that the NYMEX takes open-outcry tradingis__________.[A] the preference of its customers[B] the standard practice of energy exchange[C] the long tradition of this trading practice[D] the nostalgic feeling it arouses3.The word “glitches” (Line 2, Paragraph 4) most probably means_________.[A] backwardness[B] disappointments[C] engineers[D] problems4.From Paragraph 4 we can infer that_________.[A] trading volume in the IPE's new morning electronic session is falling[B] London is a better business location for energy exchanges than Dublin[C] Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of Ireland[D] the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that___________.[A] it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businesses[B] the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shown[C] the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each other[D] the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting better答案：C A D B A篇章剖析本文介绍了两家能源交易所之间的商战。
经典英语阅读材料 (经济类)
Recovery Shows a Soft SpotThe U.S. economy shrank for the first time in more than three years in the fourth quarter, underscoring the halting nature of the recovery. But the strength of consumer spending and business investment suggested that the economy will grow, albeit slowly, this year.Gross domestic product—the broadest measure of goods and services churned out by the economy—fell at a 0.1% annual rate in the fourth quarter of 2012, according to the government's initialestimate out W ednesday.The details weren't as discouraging as the headline. The drop, a surprise, was driven by a sharp fall in government spending and by businesses putting fewer goods on warehouse shelves, as well as bya decline in exports. The mainstays of the domestic private economy—housing, consumer spending and business investment in equipment and software—were stronger.Research firm Capital Economics called the report "the best-looking contraction in U.S. GDP you'll ever see." Forecasters didn't see the decline as a harbinger of recession. They predicted the U.S. willexpand at around a 2% pace in the current quarter, though the mood could shift Friday when the government releases its monthlysnapshot of the job market.Enlarge ImageClose.Investors pushed down stock prices but didn't seem overly worried either. The Dow Jones Industrial Average, which has been climbing steadily in past weeks, fell 44 points, to close at 13910.42.Acknowledging the fourth-quarter economic stall, Federal Reserve officials decided W ednesday to continue their $85 billion-per-month bond-buying programs in an effort to push down long-term interest rates and stimulate economic growth.In their statement after W ednesday's meeting, Fed policy makers said it appears that "growth in economic activity paused in recent months, in large part because of weather-related disruptions and other transitory factors." The Fed said it still saw downside risks to the economy, even though it expected a return to moderate growth in themonths ahead.The U.S. joined other advanced economies in reporting contractions in the final months of last year. The U.K., Germany, Spain and Belgium have said their economies shrank in the fourth quarter, and several more euro-zone members in coming weeks are expected to report their own declines. Budget cuts appear to be a leading factor driving the contractions in many of those nations.Deficit cutting in advanced economies is an important reason why global growth is expected to barely improve this year. The International Monetary Fund last week projected global growth of just 3.5% this year, a slight pickup from the estimated 3.2% growth in 2012, due partly to budget tightening in the U.S. and Europe. The International Monetary Fund expects advanced economies to expand just 1.4% this year, compared with 5.5% growth among developingeconomies.W ednesday's GDP report portrayed an economy stuck in low gear. For 2012, the economy grew 2.2%, up from the 1.8% growth of 2011, but still below the roughly 3% pace notched during healthiertimes.For now, the economy is riding largely on the backs of consumers.Consumer spending, adjusted for inflation, increased at a 2.2% rate in the fourth quarter, up from 1.6% in the third. That included a jump in spending on durable goods, which are big-ticket items such ascars and refrigerators.One thing that is helping consumers: They are starting to see substantial income gains after years of stagnation. The GDP report showed after-tax income rose at a rate of 6.8%, adjusted for inflation, the fastest pace since the recession.One company benefiting from stronger consumer spending is Nando'sPeri-Peri USA, a closely held chain of chicken restaurants in the W ashington, D.C., area. Same-store sales rose roughly 5% in the final months of 2012 compared with a year ago, said ChiefExecutive Burton Heiss.Mr. Heiss said he believes consumers are feeling more secure as housing and other parts of the economy improve. Higher home prices, for example, might be giving consumers the confidence to spend more freely on going out. Mr. Heiss added that the strength seems to be continuing: Sales have picked up slightly since the startof the year.U.S. companies stepped up investment in equipment and software during the quarter, with business investment rising at a rate of 8.4%, the strongest pace in a year. That defied expectations that companies would pull back due to worries over the "fiscal cliff" budget disputein W ashington.Still, those factors weren't strong enough to overcome declines in federal spending and exports and slower inventory growth.The slower inventory investment was the biggest factor behind the contraction. Businesses essentially sold items from warehouseshelves, rather than placing new orders with manufacturers.That may have been due to inventory accumulating too quickly last summer and some businesses becoming extra cautious about restocking. The upside is that with inventory levels now depleted, many businesses will be forced to replenish, possibly boostinggrowth in the current quarter.Meanwhile, government spending, which has been a drag on growth for more than two years, declined for the ninth time in 10 quarters.The biggest cuts came in military spending, which tumbled at a rate of 22.2%, the largest drop since 1972. But state and local spending also fell, dashing hopes of stabilization after a rare increase in thethird quarter.Military analysts said the decline likely was a result of pressure on the Pentagon from a number of areas.Among them: reductions in spending on the war in Afghanistan as it winds down, a downturn in planned military spending, a constraint placed on the Pentagon budget because the federal government is operating on short-term resolutions that limit spending growth, as well as concern that further cuts may be in the pipeline.Pentagon officials already have imposed tighter controls on military spending to deal with the challenges.David Berteau, a former Defense Department official who now heads the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in W ashington, said he was surprised by the sharp drop and predicted that persistent uncertainty about the defense budget would continue to be a drag on the nationaleconomy."Is this a blip in the data or is it a trend?" he said. "I think you'reseeing a trend."The effect of defense cuts on the economy in the fourth quarter likely raises the stakes of looming budget fights between the White House and congressional Republicans. The White House said the GDP report showed the need for Congress to avoid "self-inflictedwounds" and reach a deal.Companies tied to the defense industry already are bracing for cuts.Noel McCormick, president of McCormick Stevenson, a small engineering firm in Clearwater, Fla., that designs weapons for major defense contractors, said big clients have told him they may resort to layoffs and cut spending if cuts happen.That would have a "tremendous" impact on McCormick's 12-person company, he said, likely causing it to cut back as well."There is a great deal of angst associated in the coming months," Mr.McCormick said.。
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit78
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit78Unit 78There was a time when big-league university presidents really mattered. The New York Times covered their every move. Presidents, the real ones, sought their counsel. For Woodrow Wilson and Dwight Eisenhower, being head of Princeton and Columbia, respectively, was a stepping-stone to the White House. Today, though, the job of college president is less and less removed from that of the Avon lady （except the house calls are made to the doorsteps of wealthy alums）.Ruth Simmons, the newly installed president of Brown University and the first African American to lead an Ivy League school, is a throwback to the crusading campus leaders of old. She doesn't merely marshal funds; she invests them in the great educational causes of our day. With the more than $300 million she raised as president of Smith College from 1995 to 2001, Simmons established an engineering program （the first at any women's school）and added seminars focused on public speaking to purge the ubiquitous "likes" and "ums" from the campus idiom. At a meeting to discuss the future of Smith's math department, one professor timidly requested two more discussion sections for his course. Her response: "Dream bigger."Her own dream was born in a sharecropper's shack in East Texas where there was no money for books or toys——she and her 11 siblings each got an apple, an orange and 10 nuts for Christmas. Though she was called n_____ on her walk to school, entering the classroom, she says, "was like waking up." When Simmons won a scholarship to Dillard University, her high school teachers took up a collection so she'd have a coat. She went onto Harvard to earn a Ph.D. in Romance languages.Simmons has made diversity her No. 1 campus crusade. She nearly doubled the enrollment of black freshmen at Smith, largely by traveling to high schools in the nation's poorest ZIP codes to recruit. Concerned with the lives of minority students once they arrive at school, she has fought to ease the racial standoffs that plague so many campuses. At Smith she turned down a request by students to have race-specific dorms. In 1993, while vice provost at Princeton, she wrote a now famous report recommending that the university establish an office of conflict resolution to defuse racial misunderstandings before they boiled over.Her first task at Brown will be to heal one such rupture last spring after the student paper published an incendiary ad by conservative polemicist David Horowitz arguing that blacks economically benefited from slavery. "There's no safe ground for anybody in race relations, but campuses, unlike any other institution in our society, provide the opportunity to cross racial lines," says Simmons. "And even if you're hurt, you can't walk away. You have to walk over that line."注（1）：本文选自Time; 9/17/2001, Vol. 158 Issue 12, p70, 1p, 1c注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 2.1. What does the author intend to illustrate with the example of Woodrow Wilson and Dwight Eisenhower?[A]The president of the first-class university was really very important.[B]The presidents gave them some good advice.[C]The presidents of the university could easily go to the white house.[D]The presidents had more power and authority than Avon ladies.2.What can we infer from the second paragraph?[A]Simmons was an old crusading campus leader.[B]Simmons wanted to expand her university.[C]Simmons knew well about how to invest the money.[D]Simmons was a competent and ambitious president.3.The 4th paragraph mainly talks about _________.[A]Simmons greatly sympathized the black people.[B]Simmons wanted to diversify her university.[C]Simmons made a great effort to solve the racial problems.[D]Simmons never neglect the racial problems.4.What does the author mean by “the job of college president is less and less removed from that of the Avon lady”（Line 4, Paragraph 1）?[A]College president can get their position with the help of Avon lady.[B]The jobs of college president and Avon lady are quite similar.[C]College presidents got inspiration from the job of the Avon lady.[D]The jobs of college presidents and the Avon lady should be separated.5.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A]Simmons had successfully solved the racial problems.[B]Simmons owed her success to her high school teachers.[C]Simmons didn't like “likes” and “ums” in campus idioms.[D]Simmons asked her professor to be more ambitious and aggressive.答案：ADCBD篇章剖析本文可以说是一篇记叙文，主要记述大学校长鲁思·西蒙斯作为校园改革派的一些逸事。
考研英语阅读材料汇编之经济类(1)-毙考题
阅读是考研英语的重要题型之一，也是保障英语成绩的关键题目。因此，考研学子们要充分重视英语阅读，除了平时多多阅读英语杂志、报纸外，还需要针对阅读进行专项训练。小编整理了关于考研英语阅读题源的系列文章考研英语阅读材料汇编之经济类(1)，请参考!
A Matter of Sover源自igntyWith its ruling, the court has set a precedent that means Windows is no longer simply private property with which Microsoft can do as it pleases. And this will certainly apply to any other firm that manages to build a similarly crucial and long-lasting digital monopoly. Even today, with software increasingly delivered as a service over the internet, Windows is protected by something known as the application barrier to entry , meaning that so many programs run on it that rivals have a hard time getting users and software developers to switch.
Yet it is unlikely that that Neelie Kroes, the European Union (EU) competition commissioner, will now be leading a prison march of the word s most successful firms through her Brussels doors , as one lobbyist put it. The judgment s consequences are far- reaching, but in a different way. If it is not overturned--as ,Tbe Economist went to press, Microsoft had not said whether it would make a final appeal--the firm will, in effect, lose much of its sovereignty over the virtual territory staked out by its Windows operating system.
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考研英语阅读理解精读100篇之经济类unit1unit1Some of the concerns surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union, to be voted on by the EU’s Council of Ministers on December 17th, are economic-in particular, the country’s relative poverty. Its GDP per head is less than a third of the average for the 15 pre-2004 members of the EU. But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.Furthermore, the country’s recent economic progress has been, according to Donald Johnston, the secretary-general of the OECD, "stunning". GDP in the second quarter of the year was 13.4% higher than a year earlier, a rate of growth that no EU country comes close to matching. Turkey’s inflation rate has just fallen into single figures for the first time since 1972, and this week the country reached agreement with the IMF on a new three-year, $10 billion economic programme that will, according to the IMF’s managing director, Rodrigo Rato, "help Turkey... reduce inflation toward European levels, and enhance the economy’s resilience".Resilience has not historical ly been the country’s economic strong point. As recently as 2001, GDP fell by over 7%. It fell by more than 5% in 1994, and by just under 5% in 1999. Indeed, throughout the 1990s growth oscillated like an electrocardiogram recording a violent heart attack. This irregularity has been one of the main reasons (along with red tape and corruption) why the country has failed dismally to attract much-needed foreign direct investment. Its stock of such investment (as a percentage of GDP) is lower now than it was in the 1980s, and annual inflows have scarcely ever reached $1 billion (whereas Ireland attracted over $25 billion in 2003, as did Brazil in every year from 1998 to 2000).One deterrent to foreign investors is due to disappear on January 1st 2005. On that day, Turkey will take away the right of virtually every one of its citizens to call themselves a millionaire. Six noughts will be removed from the face value of the lira; one unit of the local currency will henceforth be worth what 1m are now-ie, about €0.53 ($0.70). Goods will have to be priced in both the new and old lira for the whole of the year, but foreign bankers and investors can begin to look forward to a time in Turkey when they will no longer have to juggle mentally with indeterminate strings of zeros.注（1）：本文选自Economist；12/18/2004, p115-115, 2/5p；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿2004年真题text 1第1题和第3题（1，3），2001年真题text 1第2题（2），1999年真题text 2第2题（4）和2002年真题text 3第4题（5）；1.What is Turkey’s economic situation now?[A] Its GDP per head is far lagging behind that of the EU members.[B] Its inflation rate is still rising.[C] Its economy grows faster than any EU member.[D] Its economic resilience is very strong.2.We can infer from the second paragraph that__________.[A] Turkey will soon catch the average GDP level of the 15 pre-2004 EU members[B] inflation rate in Turkey used to be very high[C] Turkey’s economy will keep growing at present rate[D] IMF’s economic program will help Turkey join the EU3.The word “oscillated” (Line 3, Paragraph 3) mo st probably means_________.[A] fell[B] climbed[C] developed[D] swang4.Speaking of Turkey’s foreign direct investment, the author implies that_________.[A] it’s stock is far less than that of other countries[B] it does not have much influ ence on Turkey’s economic progress[C] steady GDP growth will help Turkey attract more foreign direct investment[D] Turkey’s economic resilience relies on foreign direct investment5.We can draw a conclusion from the text that__________.[A] foreign investment environment in Turkey will become better[B] Turkey’s citizens will suffer heavy loss due to the change of the face value of the lira[C] the local currency will depreciate with the removal of six noughts from the face value[D] prices of goods will go up答案：C B D C A篇章剖析本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了土耳其的经济状况。
第一段将土耳其的经济情况和其他几个欧盟新成员国的经济情况进行了一下对比，说明土耳其的经济状况并非如人们担心的那样糟糕；第二段对土耳其这几年的经济增长情况进行了简要介绍；第三段说明土耳其的经济缺乏弹性以及由此带来的影响；最后一段说明妨碍投资者的一个因素即将消失。
词汇注释GDP: 国内生产总值(gross domestic product)accession: [✌♦♏☞☜⏹] n. 添加, 增加OECD: 经合，经济合作与发展组织(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) resilience: [❒✋✋●✋☜⏹♦] n. 弹回, 有弹力, 恢复力,oscillate: [ ♦♓●♏♓♦]v. 振荡electrocardiogram: [✋●♏♦❒☜☺♎✋☜☺♈❒✌❍] n. .[医]心电图, 心动电流图(略作ECG) inflow: [ ♓⏹♐●☜◆] n. 流入, 流入物deterrent: [di5tE:rEnt] n. 阻碍物nought: [⏹♦] n. 无, 零lira: [ ●♓☜❒☜] n. 里拉juggle: [ ♎✞✈♈●] v. （常与with连用）耍杂耍indeterminate: [ ♓⏹♎♓♦☜❍♓⏹♓♦] adj. 在程度、体积、性质或数量上没有准确确定的难句突破But it is not far off that of one of the ten new members which joined on May 1st 2004 (Latvia), and it is much the same as those of two countries, Bulgaria and Romania, which this week concluded accession talks with the EU that could make them full members on January 1st 2007.主体句式：it is not far off that…and it is much the same as..结构分析：这是一个复杂句，句子主体结构是一个并列句，在第一个并列分句里有一个which引导的定语从句修饰new members，在第二个并列分句里有一个which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰Bulgaria and Romania，还有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰accession talks。