专业四级阅读长难句解析
英语专四阅读长难句分析
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【译文】2009 年12 月各国领导人在哥本哈 根会晤时,活动家们的劝导性话语鼓励他们 投身于更加坚定的行动中。
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Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their
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Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for 01 t h e i r c on t r ib u ti on c a n b e comfБайду номын сангаасrting.
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panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.
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【分析】本句为因果关系并列句。第一个分句位于so 前,主干为:
Informative speeches ...helped people to keep their
【译文】或者你有可能被要求在家庭活动中去 介绍一名发言者,也可能被要求在婚礼上发言, 在这些场合你的语言需要感动在场的人或使他 们开怀大笑。
• 【分析】本句为主从复合句。主句为 persuasive words ... encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action。 其中from activists 作后置定语修饰words。 When 引导时间状语从句,修饰主句谓语 encouraged 发生的时间。
2024年英语四级真题长难句解析
9、Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. (2008年12月)
本句为简单句,主干为This guidance eliminated the need…and avoided confrontation…。eyeing the same parking space为现在分词作后置定语,修饰those。
这些引导消除了顾客在停车场无尽地兜圈子的必要,而且避免了顾客之间因抢占空车位而引发的冲突。
5、We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a beneficial effect on the world.
本句为复合句。主句为We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices。that 引导定语从句,修饰 choices,that 在从句中作主语。to make choices 作 opportunity 的定语。
10、“Retailers who’re ponsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)
英语专四考试阅读长难句理解与解析(2)
英语专四考试阅读长难句理解与解析(2)2016年英语专四考试阅读长难句理解与解析定语从句that can...修饰主语The practice,从句中的介词短语past your...habits作宾语you的补语,as you write引导的时间状语从句修饰trying to edite。
what引导的表语从句中用了“call+宾语+补语”的结构,what是宾语,free writing是补语。
译文:这种可以帮助你克服在写作的同时就试图编辑的坏习惯的做法便是Elbow所称作的“自由式”写作。
专四考试备考资料之阅读长难句理解与解析(3)As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease-especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise.(06.12 Passage 2)主干:the focus has been shifting1. 句首As引导非限制性定语从句,As指代主句所说的内容,在从句中作seen的宾语。
2. 主句中破折号后的内容是短语介词in terms of引导的介词短语作状语,表示“从......方面来说”,changing与前面的shifting构成语义再现。
译文:正如我们所看到的一样,我们社会医疗的重心正在从治疗疾病转到预防疾病上来---特别是要改变我们许多不健康的行为,比如说不良的饮食习惯、抽烟、忽视锻炼。
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs.(06.12 Passage 2)主干:The field has not distinguished (between...and...)主句的谓语用了distinguished between...and...的结构,and连接的两个someone都用了who引导的定语从句予以修饰。
如何分析英语四级阅读中的长难句
如何分析英语四级阅读中的长难句英语四级阅读是考察大学生英语能力的重要部分,其中长难句的解析是许多同学感到困难的地方。
本文将介绍一些有效的方法,帮助读者分析和理解英语四级阅读中的长难句。
一、理解句子结构和基本语法1.1 划分句子成分首先,我们需要划分句子的成分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等。
通过了解句子的结构,我们可以更好地理解长难句的含义。
1.2 熟悉基本语法规则了解基本语法规则是理解长难句的基础。
例如,掌握并熟悉主谓一致、从句的引导词和关系词的用法等,对分析长难句非常有帮助。
二、辨析引导词和关系词在长难句中,引导词和关系词是很重要的线索。
我们要学会辨析它们的不同用法,从而更好地理解句子。
2.1 引导词的辨析引导词包括连词、副词和介词等,它们通常可以帮助我们理解句子的逻辑关系。
例如,but、however、therefore等。
熟悉这些引导词的用法和含义,可以帮助我们更好地理解长难句。
2.2 关系词的辨析关系词用于连接主句与从句,如that、which、who等。
了解它们的用法和含义,可以帮助我们准确理解句子中的修饰关系。
三、注意上下文的语境信息长难句通常是上下文中重要信息的集中体现,理解上下文的语境信息对于分析长难句至关重要。
3.1寻找上下文中的关键词在分析长难句时,我们应该留意上下文中出现的关键词,这些关键词可能在长难句中扮演重要的角色,有助于我们理解句子含义。
3.2根据上下文猜测意义遇到理解困难的长难句,我们可以通过上下文的语境信息来猜测句子的含义。
通过抓住上下文的线索,我们可以更好地解读长难句。
四、阅读大量英文文章最后,积累阅读经验是分析长难句的关键。
通过大量阅读英文文章,我们可以接触到各种复杂的句子结构和表达方式,提高我们的阅读理解能力。
总结:分析英语四级阅读中的长难句需要掌握句子结构和基本语法规则,辨析引导词和关系词,注重上下文的语境信息,以及多读英文文章。
通过这些方法,我们可以更好地理解和分析英语四级阅读中的长难句,提高阅读理解的能力。
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文82. The point in that sleep cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept.【分析】本句为并列复合句。
句子主干为The point can affect and may have impact。
and 连接两个并列的谓语。
which 引导定语从句,修饰 point, at the point 是固定搭配,所以 which 前面加介词at。
than 后面是 how 引导的宾语从句。
【译文】在睡眠中的哪个阶段醒来将会影响到你之后的`感觉,甚至可能比睡眠时间长短对你产生的影响更大。
83. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben Jerry s.【分析】本句为并列复合句。
句子主干为the government has granted her permission and she has returned to job。
while 引导时间状语从句,意为当的时候。
【译文】在她等待结果的同时,美国政府同意她继续在本杰瑞公司工作,现在她已经重返工作岗位。
84. Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won t allow them to start unless they receives a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key.【分析】本句为复合句。
四级阅读长难句分析
定语 1.定语是用来修饰名词;代词或句子的成分. 2. 定语有前置定语,后置定语. 3. 充当定语的词有:形容词;名词;代词;数词; 名词所有格......方位副词;不定式;动词的- ing形式;过去分词;从句等.例如: Tom is a handsome boy. (形容词作定语 ) His name is Tom. (代词作定语) The boy in blue is Tom. (介词短语作定语) There is nothing to do today(不定式作定语 )
宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾 语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复 合宾语。 1. 名词/代词宾格 + 名词: The war made him a soldier. 2. 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词: Please keep the room clean. 3. 名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语: I often find him at work. 4. 名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式: The teacher ask the students to close the windows. 5. 名词/代词宾格 + 分词: I saw a cat running across the road.
2. 句子成分
1. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。 1. 2. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。 在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系, 2. 按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的 在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关 系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不 组成成分。 同的组成成分。 3. 句子成分由词或词组充当。 3. 句子成分由词或词组充当。 4. 英语句子的基本成分有六种:主语 4. 英语的基本成分有六种:主语(subject)、 ( subject )、谓语( predicate )、表语 谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、 ( predicative )、宾语( object)、定语 宾语( object)、定语( attribute )和状语 ( attribute )和状语(adverbial)。 (adverbial) 。
四级长难句分析讲义
长难句分析在大学英语四级考试的阅读理解中,我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。
长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型,理清句子成分,抓住句子中的关键部分。
1、四级难点2、攻克长难句对于四级的意义3、如何攻克一、理解长难句两个关键性问题、三个要素(一)两个关键问题1、理解不到位A.简单句Over the years, tools and technology themselves has been largely ignored by people. B.复合句The boy who was crying as if his heart would break, said, when I spoke to him, that he was very hungry because he had had no food for two days.2、表达不通顺A.主线结构顺线走a.主语从句例1、What he told me was only half-truth.例2、How he is going to do it is a secret.b.宾语从句例1、Can you hear what I say?例2、He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.C.表语从句例:One difficulty is that we don’t have money.B.定语状语往前勾a.定语例1、the course of reasoning which led him to his decision例2、things which easily escape attentionb.状语例1、Let’s take a walk in the Garden at 5 o’clock.例2、前因后果多主动例1、We had to put the meeting off, since so many people were absent. (先因后果)C.名词从句依序翻(二)三个要素1、词汇A.专有名词a.人名、地名、国家名、组织机构名Galileo(家里裂)Darwin Clinton Bush Pentagon b.专业术语疯牛病禽流感B.代词a.句内指代1.that的指代作用that指代不可数名词和单数可数名词(如是复数,用those),后面通常跟有修饰语,如出现在比较结构中的that of。
英语四级阅读长难句结构分析
英语四级阅读长难句结构分析英语四级阅读长难句结构分析1. Most designers with existing labels are finding there arent comparable fabrics that can just replace what youre doing and what your customers are used to.分析主干:Most designers are finding...finding 后是省略连接词 that 的宾语从句。
该从句是 there be 句型其主语 comparable fabrics 后有一个 that 引导的限制性定语从句直到句末。
该定语从句的谓语动词 replace 带了两个由 and 连接的并列的宾语从句都用 what 引导。
译文:大多数现有品牌设计师都发现找不到满意的有机布料来取代现在使用的顾客已经习惯了的布料。
2. Todd Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.分析主干:T odd Park, a local detective, said...said 之后的内容是个省略引导词that的宾语从句。
whose skeleton...是个定语从句修饰 an... woman。
译文:当地的一名侦探 Todd Park 说这个方法帮他了解到有关一位身份不明的.女性死者的更多信息其尸骨是在大盐湖附近被发现的。
3. Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50 year old man who had delayed doing anything about his smokers cough for a year.分析主干:Gullotta saw a man...who 引导的定语从句修饰 a... man。
四级阅读理解真题长难句分类解析(1)
四级阅读理解真题长难句分类解析(1)
1.主语拉长
一般来讲,汉语主语比较简短。
相比之下,英语中主语一旦拉长,就会增加读者的理解难度。
解牛方法:有效分解主谓成分,断开之后各个击破。
例如:
The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for balck bears have also attracted more people to the region. (2005.6)
首先,把原句子分解为两个简单独立的句子:
(1)The streams, lakes, meadows(草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for balck bears 溪流、湖泊、草地、山脉、森林,使得Pocono成为黑熊理想的栖息地
(2)have also attracted more people to the region. 吸引了越来越多的人们来到这里。
第 1 页共2 页
其次,句子整合翻译:
溪流、湖泊、草地、山脉、森林,这些不仅使得Pocono成为黑熊理想的栖息地,而且吸引了越来越多的人们来到这里。
第 2 页共2 页。
四级真题英语阅读长难句分析
四级真题英语阅读长难句分析1. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need. (2009. 阅读. Text A)【译文】鲍姆认为,哈密顿和其他人最近的决定可能就是“一种迹象表明人们开始意识到存在一种破坏性竞争”。
他是最近一项大学调查报告的组织者之一,这项报告引发了人们对并非基于需要的制度性经济援助的关心。
【析句】复合句。
主干是Baum says+宾语从句,也就是Baum说话的内容。
宾语从句的主句是Recent decisions may be "a sign that are starting to realize that there is this destructive competition...", 引号内包含两个从句,that引导定语从句修饰a sign, realize后是that引导的宾语从句。
最后,co-author of a recent College Report作Baum的同位语,that raises concerns about...是College Report的定语从句。
2. “No one can take one-sided action,” says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid. (2009. 阅读. Text A)【译文】"任何人都不能采取单方面的行动。
四级阅读理解真题长难句分类解析(2)
四级阅读理解真题长难句分类解析(2)2.分词短语打头,句子呈现三段(或三段以上)的长句式分词短语(包括现在分词和过去分词)做状语,这一句式比较常见,读者阅读时由于要区分短语和主语之间的规律关系,所以理解上有难度。
并且分词短语本身往往由于掺入了插入语成分,理解上就更为困难。
解牛方法:理清主动和被动关系。
一般来说现在分词与主语之间是主动关系;而过去分词与主语之间是被动关系。
例如:Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvanis, the Conservancy s Bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth environmental protection. (20xx.6)翻译:在宾西法尼亚州的朗庞德村庄有一栋上百年历史的校舍,大自然爱护协会的成员巴德-库克就在这里办公,他与当地人民和商业领导合作,以努力平衡好经济进展与环境爱护之间的关系。
☆留意:介词短语位于句首类似分词短语形式。
例如:In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. (20xx.1)翻译:有一段时间,美国的儿童学业表现不尽如人意,很多人于是转向日本,想从中寻求可能的解决方法,由于日本不仅经济实力强,而且学术成就也很高。
☆特殊留意不定式to位于句首表目的,肯定是考试重点。
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
【分析】本句为复合句。
主句主干为 DL signifies a course。
主句中的”in which引导定语从句,对course进展解释说明,其中instructors 和students是并列成分。
While意为虽然,尽管,引导让步状语从句;从句中的offered 为过去分词做后置定语,修饰instruction。
【译文】虽然各个大学供应的网络课程不尽一样,但是远程教学通常会把课程公开,教师会把课程大纲、阅读任务和课程安排上传到网站上,学生们则通过电子邮件提交作业。
2. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.
【分析】本句为简洁句。
句子主干为I offered suggestions。
Telling myself hall为伴随状语,that引导宾语从句;guiding the young writer across the hall为现在分词作后置定语,修饰writer。
that 后的从句可改写为I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。
【译文】我一次次地告诫自己,这只是一个有些阅历的作家在指导一个小作家成长而已,关于她的故事中的人物、冲突和结尾我都供应了一些
建议。
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析(十四)
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析(十四)50. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access.【分析】本句为简洁句。
句子主干为the highways have 。
have 后的部分都是宾语。
Built with safety in mind 是过去分词短语作伴随状语,其规律主语是highways。
现在分词dividing 作前置定语,修饰medians or barriers。
【译文】这些大路以平安为建筑理念建成,有宽敞的车道和路肩,标有中分线或装了中分路障,还配备了长长的进出道路和为平安转弯设计弧线道路,并设置了准入限制。
51. But since water is much cheaper than wine, and many of the fancier brands aren t available in stores, most diners don t notice or care. 【分析】本句为复合句。
主句为most diners don t notice or care。
since 表示既然,由于,引导缘由状语从句。
和because, as 及for 有所不同,since 表明的是已知的缘由。
【译文】但是由于水比酒廉价许多,而且很多吸引人的牌子在商店里看不到,导致了就餐者没有留意到或是根本不关怀。
52. He must use the sounds of speech to identify the words spoken, understand the pattern of organization of the words , and finally interpret the meaning. 【分析】本句为简洁句。
大学英语四级阅读长难句分析
大学英语四级阅读长难句分析1.Scott Hahn, cofounder with Gregory of Rogan and Loomstate, which uses all-organic cotton, says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to find.【分析】本句为复合句,主干为Scott Hahn says...o high-quality sustainable... find 为says的宾语。
which弓I导的非限制性定语从句which uses all-organic cotton 修饰的是Rogan and Loomstate o cofounder with Gregory 为Scott Hahn的同位语。
【译文】Scott Hahn与Gregory同为使用全有机棉的Rogan和Loomstate公司的创始人,他声称,高质量的可持续使用面料仍然很难寻觅到。
2.Most desig ners with existi ng labels are fin ding there aren" t comparable fabrics that can just replace what you' re doing and what your customers are used to/1 he says.【分析】本句为复合句,主干为Most designers...are finding...o there aren z ed to为省略了that的宾语从句。
that引导的定语从句that can just replace...修饰fabrics o what 引导的两个宾语从句what you' re doing 和what your customers are used to 作replace 的宾语。
英语四级阅读长难句结构的分析
英语四级阅读长难句结构的分析英语四级阅读长难句结构的分析1. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didnt want to deal with gender issues.分析主干:It took me 10 years to get back... and to realize...句首的 It 是形式主语,真正的主语是 and 并列的两个动词不定式。
第一个不定式to get back 的宾语 the confidence 后有一个定语从句I had at 19 对它加以修饰。
第二个不定式 to realize 带了一个宾语从句,由 that 引导。
译文我花了 10 年的时间才找回了我 19 岁时的自信,才意识到我本不想谈论性别问题。
2. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought, the thought will die.分析主干:the thought will die本句的难点在从句部分。
If 引导条件状语从句,从句用了listen to sb. do sth.结构,省略to 的不定式correct 作补语曰that 5th grade English teacher 用了借喻的修辞手法,指代你心中的那个批判性思维。
while 引导的'时间状语从句修饰 are listening。
译文如果你在听五年级的英文老师纠正你的语法,而同时你又尽力在捕捉一个稍纵即逝的想法,那么,你的想法就会消失得无影无踪。
3. Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School.。
四级长难句分析
1.Our linguistic (语言上的)and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.【分析】这是一个复杂的简单句;句子的主干是 Our blindness and casualness are losingus. withwhich 引导一个定语从句修饰 casualness. take notice of 意思是“注意。
到”【译文】我们对语言、文化的无知,以及那种对其他国家形成的品味、手势、风俗和语言的漫不经心的态度,正使我们在世界上失去朋友,错过商机,丧失威信。
2.A simpletriparoundtheyardina pair of thosebabies eliminates all needtocall for a lawncare specialist, andprovides the perfect-sizedholes togive any lawnoxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around.【分析】这是一个复杂的简单句;句子的主干是 A simple trip eliminates all need and provides holes. messy chunks of dirt :乱七八糟的脏东西。
【译文】只要穿这种娇小的鞋在院子里走一走,就完全没必要请修剪草坪的专家了,因为这会形成大小合适的洞为草坪提供氧气,周围还不会留下那些乱七八糟的脏东西。
英语专四阅读长难句分析
详细描述
首先,根据句子内容和结构,将其划分为多个意义组。然后,逐一分析每个意义组的含义和作用。最后,将各意义组的意义综合起来,理解整个长句的含义。
总结词
通过省略部分内容或替换部分内容来理解句子。
详细描述
首先,省略句子中的某些部分或用其他词语替换其中的某些词语,简化句子结构。然后,根据简化后的句子结构,理解句子的主要意思。最后,根据上下文和语境,理解省略或替换部分的意义。
Adjective
The constituent elements of long and complex sentences
02
The Analysis Method of Long and Difficult Sentences
CHAPTER
通过分析句子的结构,理解句子的组成和各部分之间的关系。
Object
The object is the person or thing affected by the action or state expressed by the verb. It can be a noun or noun phrase.
VS
Adjectives modify nouns or noun phrases, providing additional information about their meaning. They can describe physical characteristics or emotional states.
Exercise 1: Sentence structure identification
Identify the main clause, subordinate clause, and relative clause in complex sentences.
110例专四真题阅读长难句分析
2015年专四阅读真题长难句分析TEXT A1. Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you’re looking at.【分析】本句为主从复合句。
主句主干为Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses…。
而that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you’re looking at是定语从句,修饰先行词eyeglasses。
而这个定语从句中又包含一个宾语从句whoever you’re looking at。
【译文】据传闻,谷歌正在研制的眼镜甚至有朝一日可能会记住你所看过的所有人的面孔并提供细节。
2. A second revelation is that when we expect to be able to find information again later on, we don’t remember it as well as when we think it might become unavailable.【分析】本句为主从复合句。
主句主干为A second revelation is…, 后面是一个表语从句。
而该表语从句中又包含一个时间状语从句when we expect to be able to find information again later on,逗号后为该句的主句,而在其中又包含另一个时间状语从句when we think it might become unavailable,而该从句中又有宾语从句it might become unavailable。
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1. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
2. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively.
3. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?
4. It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some be autiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.
5. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
参考答案:
1、我们也很看重个人品德和社交技能,我们发现混合能力的教育对学习的各个方面都有帮助。
2、他们也要学习如何处理个人问题和怎样思考,怎样决策、分析和评估以及有效沟通。
3、问题是,怎样鼓励一个孩子在写作时自由自信的表达自己,而不被拼写的复杂所捆绕。
4、这可能是对学生在写作中的技术能力的尖锐批评,但也是老师的失败的悲哀反映——忽略了朗读文章,这其中优美的表达可以激发孩子们的深刻感受。
5、老师注重错误没错,但是如果他更注重孩子的思想的话,他失望的表现会使孩子有提高的动力。
更多英语学习方法:必克英语/。