生物专业英语第七课Fungi The great decomposers词汇
生物学专业英语词汇（M）_生物化学英语词汇
macchia 马基群落macerating enzyme 组织浸解酶maceration 浸渍machine milking 机品乳mackerel 鲭macroanalysis 常量分析macrobiotic 长命的macroblast 巨成红细胞macrochromosome 大染色体macroclimate 大气候macroconidium 大分生孢子macrocyst 大包囊macrocyte 巨红血球macroelement 常量元素macroergic compound 高能量化合物macroevolution 宏观进化macrofauna 大型动物区系macroflora 大型植物区系macrogamete 大配子macrogamy 整体配合macroglobulin 巨球蛋白macrolymphocyte 大淋巴细胞macromere 大裂球macromesenterium 大隔膜macromesentery 大隔膜macromutation 大突变macronucleus 大核macrophage 巨噬细胞macrophage activating factor 巨噬细胞活化因素macrophage aggregating factor 巨噬细胞凝集因子macrophage chemotactic fator 巨噬钳因子macrophage system 巨噬细胞系macrophyll 大型叶macroplankton 大型浮游生物macrosclere 大骨针macroscopic 肉眼的macroscopical 肉眼的macrospheric form 大球型macrospheric generation 大球世代macrosporangium 大孢子囊macrospore 大孢子macrosporogenesis 大孢子发生macrosporophyll 大孢子叶macrura 长尾类macular lutea 黄斑mad cow disease 狂牛病madreporic canal 石管madreporic plate 穿孔板madreporite 穿孔板magenta 品红maggot 蛆magnesium 镤magnetic bacteria 磁性细菌magnetic field 磁场magnetic stirrer 磁力搅拌器magnetic storm 磁气暴风magnetic vibration 磁振动magnetobiology 磁生物学magnetotactic bacterium 桥性细菌magnetotropism 向磁性运动magnifying glass 放大镜magnolia 木兰magpie 喜鹊main axis 轴main crop 诛main lead 挚main root 柱main vein 嘱maintenance heat 维持热maize 玉蜀黍maize husks 玉蜀黍的包皮major element 常量元素major gene 柱因major mutation 大突变major spiral 大螺旋malacology 软体动物学malacozoology 软体动物学malady 疾病malagasy subregion 马尔加什亚区malar bone 颧骨malaria 疟malaria mosquito 疟蚊malate dehyrogenase 苹果酸酶male 雄性的male egg 雄卵male flower 雄花male hormone 雄激素male intersex 雄性间性male line 雄性系male line of breeding 雄性系male nucleus 雄核male parent 父本male phase 雄相male pronucleus 雄前核male receptacle 雄菩male sterile line 雄性不育系maleate 顺丁烯二酸maleic acid 马来酸maleness 雄性malformation 畸形malic acid 苹甲酸malic dehydrogenase 苹果酸脱氢酶malic enzyme 苹果酸酶malignant edema 恶性浮肿malignant oedema 恶性浮肿malleus 锤骨malnutrition 营养不良malonic acid 丙二酸malonyl 丙二酰malpighian body 肾小体malpighian layer 马尔比基氏层malpighian tube 马尔比基氏管malpighian tubule 马尔比基氏管malt 麦芽malt extract 麦芽提取物malt sugar 麦芽糖maltase 麦芽糖酶maltodextrin 麦芽糊精maltose 麦芽糖mamilla 乳头mamma carcinoma 乳癌mamma lacteal gland 乳腺mammalia 哺乳类mammalogy 哺乳动物学mammals 哺乳类mammary cancer 乳癌mammary gland 乳腺mammary tumour virus 乳癌病毒mammogen 乳腺发育腺素mammogenic hormone 乳腺发育腺素mammoth tree 巨杉mammotrophic hormone 催乳激素mammotrophin 催乳激素mammotropin 催乳激素man 人man like ape 类人猿manchette 上位菌环mandible 上颚mandibular arch 下颌弓mandibular gland 上颚腺manganese 锰mange 痂mange mite 疥癣虫mangrove 红手manifestation 特枕示manila hemp 蕉麻manioc 木薯manipulation 操作manipulator 操作mannan 甘露聚糖mannase 甘露聚糖酶mannite 甘露醇mannitol 甘露醇mannose 甘露糖manometer 压力计manometry 测压法mantle 套膜mantle cavity 套腔mantle eye 外套眼mantle groove 套沟mantle line 套线manubrium 口柄manure 肥料manure unity 堆肥单位manurial experiment 施肥试验manuring 施肥manuring requirement 要求施肥map 地图map distance 地图距离map unit 图单位maple 槭mapping 编图mapping of chromosomes 染色体准mapping of vegetation 植被准marcescent 诞的margin 边界marginal analysis 限界值分析marginal cell 缘细胞marginal growth 边缘生长marginal lappet 缘瓣marginal lobe 缘瓣marginal lobe organ 缘瓣瀑marginal sinus 缘窦marine algae 海藻类marine bacteriophage 海洋噬菌体marine biology 海洋生物学marine biotechnology 海洋生物工程marine ecology 海洋生态学marine fauna 海洋动物群marine flora 海洋植物群marine laboratory 海洋实验室marine plankton 海洋浮游生物marine plankton ecology 海洋浮游生态学marine products 海产marine sediment 海洋沉积物maritime climate 海岸气候mark 标记mark of distinction 分别标记marker 标志marker gene 标志基因marking and recapture method 标记重捕法marmot 土拨鼠marrow 骨髓marrow brain 末脑marrow cavity 骨髓腔marrow cell 骨髓细胞marrow sheath 髓鞘marrowbrain 末脑marsh plants 沼生植物marshy 有沼泽的marsupial bone 袋骨marsupials 有袋类marsupium 袋状雌弃marten 貂masculine 雄性的masculine uterus 雄性子宫masculinism 男性化masculinity 雄性masking 隐蔽mass culture 大量培养mass mutation 大量突变mass pollination 混合授粉mass selection 混合选择mass spectrum 质谱masseter 咬肌mast cell 肥大细胞mastax 肌胃master factor 知因素mastication 咀嚼masticatory stomach 肌胃mastigophores 鞭毛虫类mastitis 乳腺炎mastocarcinoma 乳癌mastocyte 肥大细胞mastoid process 乳头状突起mate 配偶体mate killer 接合致死者mateinate 有边的maternal 母的maternal effect 母性效应maternal inheritance 母体遗传maternal instinct 母性本能maternal quality 母性的才能maternity 母性mating 交尾mating behavior 交尾行为mating call 交尾叫mating pair 接合对mating partner 配偶体mating season 交尾季节mating time 交尾季节mating type 接合型matrix 胞间质matrix bridge 基质桥matroclinal inheritance 偏母遗传matroclinous haploid 偏母单倍体matrocliny 偏母现象maturase 成熟酶maturation 成熟maturation division 成熟分裂maturation phase 成熟期mature embryo 成熟胚maw worm 蛔虫maxam gilbert method 马克萨姆吉利别尔特法maxicell 大型细胞maxilla 上颌骨maxillary bone 上颌骨maxillary fossa 犬齿窝maxillary gland 下颚腺maxillary palp 下颚须maxillary palpus 下颚须maxillipede 颚足maximum dose 极量maximum reaction velocity 最大反应速度maximum yield 最高收获量may bug 五月虫maze learning 迷宫学习mbryonic ectoderm 胚外外胚层mcf 巨噬钳因子meadow 草地meadow weeds 草地杂草mean 平均值mean deviation 平均偏差mean life 平均寿命mean temperature 平均温度measuration 测量measurement 测量measuring 测量measuring device 测量仪表meat 肉meat extract 肉汁mechanical isolation 机械隔离mechanical tissue 支持组织mechanics of development 发育机制学mechanism 机械论mechanistic view of life 机械论mechanomorphosis 机械变态mechanoreceptor 机械感受器mechanosensitive channel 机械感应通路media 中脉medial vein 中脉median 中位数median eye 中眼median lethal dose 半数致死量median plane 正中面mediastinum 纵隔mediator 病媒动物medicinal herb 药草medicinal plant 药用植物medicine 药mediterranean region 地中海地域medium 介质medium component 培养基成分medulla 骨髓medulla oblongata 延髓medulla spinalis 脊髓medullary 脊髓的medullary canal 髓管medullary cell 骨髓细胞medullary fold 髓褶medullary groove 髓沟medullary ray 髓射线medullary ray cell 髓射线细胞medullary sheath 髓鞘medullary space 骨髓腔medullary substance 髓质medullary tube 神经管medulloblast 神经管胚细胞medusa 水母medusoid 水母megabacterium 巨型细菌megacoccus 巨型球菌megagamete 大配子megakaryocyte 巨核细胞megalecithal egg 多黄卵megaloblast 巨成红细胞megalocarpous 大果实的megalocyte 巨红细胞megalokaryocyte 巨核细胞megalopa 大眼幼体megaphanerophyte 大高位芽植物megasclere 大骨针megasporangium 大孢子囊megaspore 大孢子megasporocyte 大孢子母细胞megasporophyll 大孢子叶megatherm 高温植物megatherm plant 高温植物megatrophic plant 富养植物meibomian gland 睑板腺meiocyte 性母细胞meiosis 减数分裂meiospore 减数胞子meiotic apogamy 减数分裂无配子生殖meiotic division 减数分裂meiotic drive 减数分裂驱动meiotic mitosis 减数有丝分裂meissner plexus 麦斯纳氏丛meissner's tactile corpuscule 麦斯纳氏小体melanin 黑色素melanism 黑化型melanoblast 成黑素细胞melanocarcinoma 黑癌melanocyte 黑素细胞melanocyte stimulating hormone 促黑激素melanogen 黑素原melanophore 黑素细胞melanophore hormone 黑素细胞激素melanosome 黑素体melanospermous 黑种子的melanotic cancer 黑癌melanotonin 褪黑激素melanotropin 促黑激素melatonin 褪黑激素melibiose 蜜二糖酶meliot 草木犀melitose 棉子糖melitriose 棉子糖melliferous plant 生蜜植物mellowing 成熟melon 甜公melt 融解melting of dna dna 融解melting point 熔点members 肢membrane 膜membrane bone 膜骨membrane bound enzyme 膜结合酶membrane capacity 膜容量membrane electrode 膜电极membrane fussion 膜聚合membrane potential 膜电位membrane transport 膜输送membranella 小膜membranous filter 膜滤器membranous labyrinth 膜迷路memory cell 记忆细胞menadione 2 甲萘醌mendel's first law 孟德尔第一定律mendel's second law 孟德尔第二定律mendel's third law 孟德尔第三定律mendelian factor 孟德尔基因mendelian gene 孟德尔基因mendelian inheritance 孟德尔遗传mendelian population 孟德尔式集团mendelism 孟德尔遗传说meninx 脑膜meniscocyte 镰状细胞menotaxis 停留窃menstrual hemorrhage 月经menthol 薄荷醇mentor method 蒙导法mercaptan 硫醇mercapturic acid 硫醇尿酸mercuric ion resistance 汞离子抗性mercury 汞mericarp 双悬果mericlinal chimera 周缘区分嵌合体mericlone 分生组织克隆meridional canal 子午管meridional cleavage 经裂meristele 分体中柱meristem 分生组织meristem culture 分生组织培养meristematic tissue 分生组织meroblastic cleavage 部分卵裂merocrine gland 局泌腺merocyte 剩余精核merodiploid 部分二倍体merogamy 小体配合merogony 卵片发育meromixis 部分融合meromorphosis 部分再生meromyosin 酶解肌球蛋白meropodite 长节merosporangium 柱孢子囊merozoite 裂殖子merozygote 部分接合子merus 长节mesarch 中始式mesectoderm 中外层mesencephalon 中脑mesenchyma 间质mesenchyme 间质mesenterial filament 隔膜丝mesenteric artery 肠系膜动脉mesenteric vein 肠系膜静脉mesenterium 肠系膜mesenteron 中肠mesentery 隔膜mesoblast 中胚层mesoblastic somite 中胚层体节mesocardium 心系膜mesocarp 中果皮mesocoel 中脑腔mesocotyl 中胚轴mesoderm 中胚层mesodermal band 中胚层带mesodermalizing agent 中胚层化因素mesogloea 中胶层mesoinositol 不旋肌醇mesolecithal egg 中黄卵mesomere 中裂球mesometrium 子宫系膜mesomitosis 核内有丝分裂mesonephric duct 中肾管mesonephros 沃耳夫氏体mesophanerophyte 中高位芽植物mesophilic bacterium 嗜中温细菌mesophilous forest 中生林mesophyll 叶肉mesophyte 中生植物mesophytic era 裸子植物时代mesosome 间体mesothelium 间皮mesotherm 中温植物mesothorax 中胸mesotriaene 中央三叉体mesotrophic 半自养的mesotrophy 半自养mesovarium 卵巢系膜mesoxerophytes 半旱生植物mesozoa 中生动物mesozoic era 中生代messenger rna 信使 rnametabiosis 半共生metabolic antagonist 代谢对抗体metabolic change 代谢更换metabolic disorder 代谢异常metabolic disturbance 代谢异常metabolic intermediate 代谢中间物metabolic pathway 代谢途径metabolic regulation 代谢第metabolic turnover 代谢更新metabolism 物质代谢metabolism of pigment 色素代谢metabolism temperature curve 代谢温度曲线metabolite 代谢物metabolous insects 有翅类metaboly 变形metacarpal bone 掌骨metacarpus 掌骨metacentric 具中间着丝粒的metacercaria 后囊蚴metacercoid 囊状幼虫metachromasia 异染性metachromasy 异染性metachromatic granule 异染粒metachromatin 异染质metachronism 继时性metacoel 后腔metafemale 超雌metagenesis 真正世代交替metakinesis 中期metalimnion 斜温层metallobiochemistry 金属生物化学metallocarboxypeptidase 金属羧肽酶metalloenzyme 金属酶metalloflavoprotein 含金属黄素蛋白metallothionein 亲金属蛋白metamere 体节metameric segmentation 分节现象metamerism 分节现象metamitosis 有丝分裂末期metamorphosis 变态metamorphosis hormone 变态激素metanauplius 后无节幼虫metanephros 后肾metaphase 中期metaphase pairing index 中期配对指数metaphloem 后生韧皮部metaphosphoric acid 偏磷酸metaphyll 后生叶metaphyte 后生植物metaplasia 化生metaplasm 后生质metaplast 后形质体metaplasy 化生metapleure 腹褶metapleuric fold 腹褶metapodium 后足metasequoia 水杉metastable 亚稳定的metastasis 转移metastatic tumour 转移肿瘤metastomium 口后部metatarsus 跖metathorax 后胸metatrophic bacterium 腐生细菌metatrophy 腐生营养metaxenia 后生异粉性metaxylem 后生木质部metazoa 后生动物metazoea 后水蚤幼虫metazoology 中生动物学metencephalon 后脑meteor 陨石meteorobiology 气象生物学meteorological elements 气象要素meteorological observation 气象观测meteorological report 气象通报meteorology 气象学meteoropathology 气候病理学meterological satellite 气象卫星methaemoglobin 高铁血红蛋白methane 甲烷methane bacterium 甲烷细菌methanol 甲醇methionine 甲硫氨酸method 方法method of ascertainment 确认法method of breeding 育种法method of locomotion 运动法method of planting 种植法methyl alcohol 甲醇methylated cellulose 甲基纤维素methylation 甲基化酌methylation of dna dna的甲基化methylene 亚甲methylene blue 美蓝methylglyoxal 丙酮醛metrorrhagia 子宫出血micell 胶粒micellar structure 胶粒结构micelle 胶粒michaelis constant 米氏常数micro element 痕量元素microanalysis 微量分析microautoradiography 微量自动射线照相术microbalance 微量天平microbe 微生物microbial battery 微生物电池microbial content 菌数microbial genetics 微生物遗传学microbial world 微生物界microbicidal 杀微生物的microbioacoustics 微生物声学microbiological degradation 微生物分解microbiological industry 微生物工业microbiological oxidation 微生物氧化microbiology 微生物学microbiomechanics 微生物力学microbody 微体microcentrifuge 微型离心机microcentrum 中心粒团microcephaly 小头microchemistry 微量化学microcinematography 显微摄影术microclimate 小气候micrococcal deoxyribonuclease 小球菌脱氧核糖核酸酶micrococcus 小球菌microcolony 小菌落microconsumer 微型消费者microculture 微量培养microcuvette 微量吸收池microcyte 小红细胞microdissection 显微解剖microecology 微生态学microelectrode 微电极microelement 微量元素microentomology 显微昆虫学microenvironment 小环境microfibril 微纤丝microfilament 微丝microfilaria 微丝蚴microfilm 显微胶片microflora 微生物区系microgametangium 小配子囊microgenetics 显微遗传学microgrphy 显微照相术microhabitat 小生境microhistology 显微组织学microincineration 显微灰化法micromanipulator 显微操作micromelia 短肢micromere 小分裂球micrometer 测微计micromutation 微突变micron 微米micronucleus 小核micronutrient 微量营养物microorganism 微生物micropalaeontology 微古生物学micropaleobiomorphology 微古生物形态学micropaleobiosystematics 微古生物分类学micropaleobotany 微古植物学micropaleozoology 微古动物学microperoxisome 微过氧物酶体microperoxysome 微过氧物酶体microphage 小噬细胞microphotography 显微照相术法microphyll 小型叶microphyte 微植物microphytology 微本草学microplanktology 微浮游生物学microplankton 小型浮游生物micropyle 珠孔microsatellite analysis 小随体分析microsclerotium 小菌核microscope 显微镜microscopical preparation 显微镜制片microsomal enzyme 微粒体酶microsome 微粒体microspecies 约旦种microspectrophotometer 显微分光光度计microsphere 微球体microsporangium 小孢子襄microsporocyte 花粉母细胞microsporogenesis 小孢子发生microsubspecies 微亚种microsyringe 微量第注射器microtatory society 迁移群落microtechnique 显微技术microtitration 微量滴定microtome 切片机microtubule 微管microvillus 微绒毛micturition 撒尿mid brain 中脑mid gut 中肠mid gut gland 中肠腺mid intestinal gland 中肠腺mid leg 中足mid rib 中脉middle ear 中耳middle lamella 中层middle piece 中段migrating fish 回游性鱼migrating species 迁移种migration 回游migration mobility 迁移度migration species 迁移种migration speed 回游速度migratory bird 漂鸟migratory cell 游走细胞migratory community 迁移群落migratory flock 迁移兽群migratory instinct 迁移本能migratory locust 飞蝗migratory route 迁移途径milch cow 乳牛mild humus 腐熟殖质milk 乳milk area 乳区milk clotting enzyme 凝乳酶milk cow 乳牛milk enzyme 奶酶milk fever 授乳热milk gland 乳腺milk line 乳线milk secretion 泌乳milk sugar 乳糖milk tooth 乳齿milk tube 乳管milk vein 乳静脉milk vessel 乳管milky juice 乳汁millet 黍millipedes 多足类millipore filter 微孔滤膜milt 脾milter 雄鱼mimesis 拟态mimetic 拟态的mimetism 拟态mimic 模拟者mimic expression 用手势模仿mimic gene 拟态基因mimicry 拟态mineral constituents 矿质成分mineral fertilizer 矿物肥料mineral matter 矿物质物mineral medium 矿质培养基mineral nutrient 矿质营养素mineral spring 矿泉mineralization 矿化mineralocorticosteroid 盐皮质类醇minerals 矿物质物miniature end plate potential 小终极电势minicell 微细胞miniclimate 小气候minimal area 群落最小面积minimal medium 基本培养基minimum law 最低量定律minimum lethal dose 最小致死量minimum temperature 最低温度miniplasmid 极微质粒minor base 稀有碱基minor element 微量元素minor elements 痕量元素minor gene 副基因minor spiral 小螺旋mint 薄荷minute colony 微小菌落miocene epoch 中新世miosis 瞳孔缩小miracidium 纤毛幼虫mire system 沼泽系mire vegetation 沼泽地植被mirror image 镜象miscoding 错编码miscopying 基因错抄misdivision 错分裂misincorporation 错误插入mismatch correction 失配校正mismatch repair 失配校正mispairing 错配misreplication 复制错误missense 错义missense mutation 错义突变missense suppressor 误义抑制基因mist 雾mistake 误差mistranslation 错译mite 螨mitochondria 线粒体mitochondrial dna 线粒体 dna mitochondrial membrane 线粒体膜mitochondrial shrinkage 线粒体收缩mitochondrion 线粒体mitochondyial concentration 线粒体收缩mitogen 有丝分裂原mitogenetic radiation 分生射线mitogenetic ray 分生射线mitosis 核分裂mitosome 纺锤剩体mitotic apparatus 有丝分裂器mitotic crossing over 体细胞交叉mitotic cycle 分裂周期mitotic division 有丝分裂mitotic poison 有丝分裂毒mitotic recombination 有丝分裂重组mitotic reduction 有丝分裂减数mitral valve 二尖瓣mixed bud 混合芽mixed cultivation 混合栽培mixed culture 混合培养mixed feed 复合饲料mixed forest 混交林mixed function oxidase 双功能氧化酶mixed infection 混合感染mixoameba 粘菌变形虫mixochromosome 偶合染色体mixoploidy 混倍性mixotroph 兼养微生物mixotrophic 混合菅养的mixotrophism 混合营养mixture 混合物mixture of varieties 品种混合mmary vein 乳静脉mn blood group mn 血型mnemonic center 记忆中枢mobile dune 移动沙丘mobile gene 迁移基因mobile genetic element 迁移遗传成分mobile glasshouse 移动温窒mobile greenhouse 移动温窒mobile protein 可移动的蛋白质mobility 可动性mobility spectrum 迁移率谱mobilization 可动化mode of life 生活方式model 模型model experiment 模型实验model of enzymes 酶模型modelling 模拟modification 变态modification enzyme 修饰酶modifier 修饰基因modifying factor 修饰基因modulating codon 蝶密码子modulator 抑扬第剂moiety 一部分moist biotope 有湿生物小区moist forest 潮湿森林moisture 湿气moisture content 含水量moisture holding capacity 持水量moisture loving plant 喜湿植物moisture meter 湿度计molality 克分子浓度molar absorption coefficient 克分子吸光系数molar activity 克分子活性molar tooth 臼齿molarity 体积摩尔浓度molasses 糖蜜mold 霉mole 摩尔molecular activity 分子活性molecular anthropology 分子人类学molecular arrangement 分子排列molecular biology 分子生物学molecular cloning 分子克隆法molecular disease 分子病molecular evolution 分子进化molecular genetics 分子遗传学molecular hybridization 分子杂交molecular recognition 分子认识molecular sieve 分子筛molecular weight 分子量molecule 分子molehills 鼠丘molluscicide 软体动物驱除药molluscoides 拟软体动物molluscs 软体动物类mollusks 软体动物类molt 换羽molting hormone 蜕皮激素molybdenum 钼molybdoferredoxin 固氮铁钼蛋白moment 力矩monad 单分体monandrian 具单一雄蕊的monandrous 具单一雄蕊的monaster 单星体monitor 监视器monitoring 探测monkey 猿monkshood 乌头monoamine oxidase inhibitor 单胺氧化酶抑制物monoblast 成单核细胞monocarp 一次结实植物monocarpic 结一次果的monocarpic plant 一次结实植物monocarpous 结一次果的monocaryon mycelium 单核菌丝体monocellular 单细胞的monocellular culture 单细胞培养monochasium 单歧聚伞花序monochlamydeous 单被的monochromatic light 单色光monocistronic operon 单顺反子操纵子monoclimax 单元演替顶极monoclinic 雌雄同花的monoclinous 雌雄同花的monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体monococcus 单球菌monocoenosis 单群落monocotyledonous 单子叶的monocotyledonous plant 单子叶植物类monocotyledonous plants 单子叶植物类monocotyledons 单子叶植物类monocular vision 单眼视觉monoculture 单一农作单一经营monocyte 单核细胞monoecism 雌雄同体monoecy 雌雄同体monoesterase 单酯酶monogamy 单配性monogenesis 单性生殖monogenic 单基因的monogenic hybrid 单基因杂种monogenic resistance 单基因抗性monogony 无性生殖monoinfection 单菌性传染monokaric 单核的monokaryon 单核monolayer 单层monolayer culture 单层培养monolocular 一室的monomer 单体monomolecular film 单分子膜mononeural 一神经的mononuclear 单核的mononuclear phagocyte system 单核吞噬细胞系mononucleate 单核的mononucleosome 单核小体mononucleotide 单核苷酸monooxygenase 加一氧酶monoparasitism 单寄生monopetalous 单瓣的monophagous animals 单食性动物monophagy 单食性monophasic 单相的monophenol oxidase 单酚氧化酶monophosphate 单磷体monophyletic evolution 单系列演化monophyletic species 单源物种monophyletic theory 单元说monophyly 单系统monoploid 一倍体monoplont 一倍体生物monopodial branching 单轴分枝monopodial vein 单轴叶脉monopodium 单轴monopyrenous 单核的monosaccharide 单糖monose 单糖monosome 单体性monosomic analysis 单染色体分析monosomy 单体monospecific antiserum 单特异性抗血清monospermy 单精受精monosporangium 单孢子襄囊monosporial culture 单孢子培养monostichous 单列的monosymmetric 两侧对称的monosynaptic reflex 单突触反射monotrichic 单鞭毛菌的monotrichous 单鞭毛菌的monotrochal larva 单毛轮幼虫monotrophic animals 单食性动物monovalent chromosome 一价染色体monozygotic twins 单卵双生monsoon 季风monsoon forest 季雨林monsoonal forest 季雨林monster 畸形mood 心境moorland 泽地mor 粗腐殖质moraine 堆石morbidity 患病率mordant 媒染剂morgan unit 摩尔根单位morgan's law 摩尔根定律morphallaxis 变形再生morphine 吗啡morphine receptor 吗啡感受器morphinomimetic peptide 吗啡样肽morphoclimax 形态演替顶极morphocytology 细胞形态学morphogenesis 形态发生morphogenetic field 形态形成场morphogenetic gene 形态形成基因morphogenetic movement 形态发生运动morphogenetic potential 形态发生势morphogenic process 形态形成过程morphogeny 形态发生morphological specificity 形态特征morphological sterility 形态不稔性morphology 形态学morphophysiology 形态生理学morphoplasm 成形质morphosis 形态形成mortality rate 死亡率mortality table 命表morula 桑椹胚morulation 桑椹胚形成mosaic 嵌合体mosaic community 镶嵌群落mosaic developement 镶嵌发生mosaic egg 镶嵌卵mosaic gene 嵌合基因mosaic stage 镶嵌期mosaic structure 镶嵌结构mosaic theory 镶嵌说mosaic virus 花叶病毒mosaicism 镶嵌发生mosquito 蚊moss animalcules 苔藓虫类moss layer 藓层moss starch 地衣淀粉moss tundra 藓类冻原mosses 藓类moth 蛾mother cell 母细胞mother of pearl layer 珍珠层mother star 单星体mother tree 母树种子树mothering ability 母性的才能motile cilium 运动纤毛motility 游动性motion 运动motivating factor 激发因子motivation 动机综合motivational factor 激发因子motive 单元;动机motoneuron 运动神经元motor area 运动野motor fiber 运动纤维motor neuron 运动神经元motor root 运动根motor speech center 运动性言语中枢motor unit 运动单位mottle 斑点mottling 斑点mould 霉mould fungi 霉菌类mould like bacterium 霉菌形细菌moult 换羽moulting fluid 蜕皮液moulting gland 蜕腺moulting hormone 蜕皮激素mountain 山mountain belt 低山的植物层mountain chain 山脉mountain climaye 山地气候mountain of ice 冰山mountain range 山脉mountain sickness 高山病mouse 小耗子mousetrap 捕鼠器mouth 口mouth appendage 口肢mouth breathing 口呼吸mouth cavity 口腔mouth part 口器movement 运动movement perception 运动感觉movement vision 运动视觉moving boundary 移动界面moving boundary sedimentation 移动界面沉降法mowing 采伐mrna 信使 rnamsh inhibiting factor msh 抑制因子msh inhibiting hormone msh 抑制因子mucic acid 粘液酸mucilage 粘液mucilage canal 粘液道mucilage cell 粘液细胞mucilage duct 粘液道mucilage hair 粘液毛mucin 粘蛋白mucinase 粘蛋白酶mucoid 类粘蛋白mucoid colony 粘液状菌落mucopolymer 肽葡聚糖mucopolysaccharide 粘多糖类mucoprotein 粘蛋白mucosa 粘膜mucous cell 粘液细胞mucous connective tissue 粘液组织mucous gland 粘液腺mucous layer 粘液层mucous membrane 粘膜mucus 粘液mucus secretion 粘液分泌mud soil 软泥土mulberry 桑mulch 覆盖戍muld 泥mule 骡mull 腐熟殖质mullet 鲻multi purpose breed 多目的品种multicamerate 多室的multicellular colony 多细胞集落multicellular gland 多细胞腺multicellular organism 多细胞生物multicellularity 多细胞性multicollinearity 多共线性multicomponent virus 多组分病毒multicopy plasmid 多拷贝原粒multidomain protein 多区域蛋白multienzyme 多酶multienzyme complex 多酶复合物multifunctional carrier 多功能载体multigene family 多基因族multigene fragment 多基因断片multimer 多体multinuclear cell 多核细胞multiparasitism 多寄生multiple alleles 复等位基因multiple allelismus 复等位性multiple allelomorphos 复等位基因multiple binding 多重结合multiple chromosome 多染色体multiple crossing over 多交叉multiple division 重复分裂multiple factor 多基因multiple fruit 聚花果multiple innervation 多重神经支配multiple parasitism 多寄生multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠multiplication 增殖multiplication capacity 增殖能力multiplication culture 增殖培养multiplication rate 增殖速度multiplicative reproduction 裂殖生殖multiplicity 多重性multiplying disease 增加性疾病multipolar spindle 多极纺锤体multivalent 多价体multivalent chromosome 多价染色体multivalent vaccine 多价疫苗multivesicular body 多泡体mummification 干尸化mummy 干尸muramic acid 胞壁酸muramidase 胞壁酸酶muramyl peptide 胞壁肽murein 胞壁质muscarine 蕈毒碱musci 藓类muscle 肌muscle action potential 肌动诅位muscle area 肌域muscle banner 肌旗muscle cell 肌细胞muscle fibril 肌原纤维muscle field 肌域muscle model 肌模型muscle plate 肌板muscle protein 肌肉蛋白muscle spindle 肌纺锤muscle tonue 肌紧张muscology 苔藓植物学muscular cell 肌细胞muscular dystrophy 肌营养障碍muscular movement 肌运动muscular sense 肌肉觉muscular tonocity 肌紧张muscularelaxation 肌弛缓musculartone 肌紧张musculature 肌肉系统mushroom 蕈mushroom bodies 蕈形体mushroom polysaccharide 蕈多糖类musk 香musk deer 香鹿musk gland 腺muskone 香酮musky ground 南瓜mussels 双壳类must 葡萄液mustard 芥子mutability 突变可能性mutable gene 易变基因mutable site 易变位点mutagen 诱变剂mutagene specificity 诱变剂特异性mutagenesis 突变发生mutagenic compound 诱变剂mutagenic primer 诱变引物mutagenicity 诱变性mutant 突变体mutant clon 突变克隆mutant protein 突变体蛋白mutant strain 突变菌株mutarotation 变旋光mutase 变位酶mutation 突变mutation breeding 诱变育种mutation construction 突变构成mutation expression 突变表现mutation frequency 突变频率mutation map 突变图mutation matrix 突变基质mutation rate 突变率mutation spectrum 突变谱mutation theory 突变理论mutational load 突变负荷mutator 增变基因mutator gene 增变基因muton 突变子mutual aid 相互援助mutual conversion 交替转换mutual exclusion 互斥现象mutualism 互惠共生muzzle 鼻口部mycelial structure 菌丝结构mycelium 菌丝体mycetism 食菌中毒mycetocole animals 栖菌动物mycetocoles 栖菌动物mycetocyte 菌细胞mycetoma 足分枝菌病mycobacterial adjuvant 分枝杆菌佐剂mycobacterium 分枝杆菌mycocecidium 菌瘿mycoflora 真菌菌丛mycolic acid 分枝菌酸mycology 真菌学myconeutral junction 神经肌肉接头mycophage 真菌噬菌体mycophyta 真菌mycoplasma 支原体mycorhiza 菌根mycorrhyza 菌根mycosis 真菌病mycotoxicology 真菌毒理学mycotoxin 真菌毒素mycotrophy 菌根营养mydriasis 瞳孔放大myelencephalon 末脑myelin 骨磷脂myelin basic protein 髓鞘碱性蛋白myelin sheath 髓鞘myelination 髓鞘生成myelinogenesis 髓鞘生成myeloma 骨髓瘤myeloma protein 骨髓瘤蛋白myelopoietic organ 生血瀑myenteric reflex 肠肌反射myo epithelium 肌上皮myo inositol 肌醇myoblast 成肌细胞myocardium 心肌myocyte 肌细胞myodemia 肌脂肪变性myoepithelical cell 肌上皮细胞myofibril 肌原纤维myogen 肌浆蛋白myogenicity 肌原性myoglia 肌胶质myoglobin 肌红蛋白myograph 肌动描记器肌动计myohaemoglobin 肌红蛋白myoid cell 肌样细胞myokinase 肌激酶myolemma 肌纤维膜myology 肌学myolysis 肌肉分解myomere 肌节myometrium 子宫肌层myoneme 肌丝myoneural 肌神经的myoparalysis 肌麻痹myoparesis 肌麻痹myopia 近视myoplasm 肌浆myoplegia 肌麻痹myoprotein 肌肉蛋白myosin 肌球蛋白myosin atpase 肌球蛋白 atp酶myosin filament 肌桨球蛋白丝myosis 瞳孔缩小myotatic reflex 牵张反射myotome 肌节myotonometer 肌张力计myriapods 多足类myrmecology 蚁学myrmecophile animal 适蚁动物myrmecophilous plant 适蚁植物myrmecophyte 适蚁植物myrmecophytes 蚁植物myrosin 芥子酶mysis stage larva 糠虾幼体myxoameba 粘菌变形虫myxobacterium 粘液细菌myxoflagellates 粘鞭毛虫类myxomycetes 粘菌类myxopodium 胶状伪足。
生物技术专业英语单词汇总
absorption spectrum吸收光谱actin 肌动蛋白actin肌动蛋白actual 现行的additional额外的adenine腺嘌呤adhere 附着aerial hyphae 气生菌丝aflatoxin 黄曲霉素aggregates聚集体aggregation集合体algae 藻类algae藻类align on排一行在…alkaponuria尿黑酸alleles等位基因alter 改变alter改变amino acids 氨基酸anaphase后期anchors 固着anemia贫血症antenna天线apparent明显的approximately 大概arid干旱arrangement 排列array排列ascomycetes 子囊菌ascospores 子囊孢子ascus 子囊asexual 无性的asexual无性的assembled from集合assembled into 组装associate 与..联系associated 相关的atmospheric大气中的backbone主干，骨架basal body基体basidia 担子basidiocarp 担子果beadlike珠链状的bearer承载着bearing 含有biosynthetic生化的blending theory融合理论bond键bond键bond键boost激活bounded by 包被branch 分支breed true纯品系brief短暂的bubblelike泡状cap 盖，帽captured 捕获carbohydrates碳水化合物carboxylase羧化酶carotenoid类胡萝卜素catalyzed催化catastrophic灾难的categories 类别cell plate 细胞板cellular 细胞的centrioles中心粒centriole中心粒centromeres着丝粒centromere着丝粒chalones抑素chemotaxis趋药性chitin 几丁质chlorophyll叶绿素chromatid染色单体chromatin染色质chromoplast叶绿体chytridiomycele 亚壶纲cilia（单cilium）纤毛citric acid 柠檬酸classes 纲classification 分类clay泥土cleaved分解club shaped 棒状的clusters成簇coacervates团聚体code编码code密码coenocytic 多核的coenocytic 多核的coenzyme辅酶coiled srands螺旋线coiling螺旋coil螺旋comert..into把..转变成complementary strand互补链complex复杂的component 成分component原件composite 复合的composition组成composition组成compound转化成comprise 包含condensed形成condese浓缩conidia 子实体conservative保留constituent结构constructive work建设性工作contractile 可收缩的contraction 收缩contract收缩converted to转化成core核心cosmic explosion宇宙大爆炸creeping 爬行crossing over交换crust地壳current当前的cytokinesis胞质分裂cytoplasm 细胞质cytosine胞嘧啶cytoskeleton 细胞骨架cytoskeleton 细胞骨架dalivery 释放damp 潮湿的decompose 分解decomposers 分解器deduced推断degrode降解demonstrate论证dense浓厚的deoxyribose脱氧核糖deposited堆积derive获得descendant后代descend经过deuteromycate 未知菌种diffusing 扩散的digestion 消化digestive enzymes消化酶digest消化dihybrid crosses双因子杂交dikaryotic 双核的dills菌褶diploid 二倍体diploid二倍体discharge 释放dispersal 分散dissolved in溶解在distinct 明显的distinctive 有特色的distinct独特的distinguished 以…为特征distributed分配distribut分布分结division 分裂dominant显性的donor供体double helix双螺旋doublet 二联体drew upon确立droplets液滴duplicate复制dynein动力蛋白dynein动力蛋白ecological 生态的elucidate阐明了embedded in 包埋embedded in包埋emergence出现encode编码endergoniv吸能的endoplasmic reticulum 内质网equator中部，赤道eukaryotic 真核生物exception例外excited state激发态exergonic 释放能量exert产生exhibit显示exportable protein输出蛋白exportable可运输的extend延伸external外部的extracellular 细胞外的fat 脂肪ferment 发酵ferredoxin铁氧还原蛋白filament 细丝filament纤维丝flagella（单flagellum）鞭毛flagellated 有鞭毛的fliamentous 细丝的formation形成，构造n。
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digest nutrient saprobes thallus glycoprotein glycolipid coenocytic basidiospore 消化 营养物 腐生生物 菌体 糖蛋白 糖脂类 多核细胞的 担孢子；芽孢
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saprophyte
germination
腐生物
发芽；发生
nutrition
terrestrial endosymbionts biomass tissue
营养；营养学
陆栖的 内共生体 生物量 组织
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spectacular structive compartment radically heal matalling rejuvenat growth rings cross section 壮观的；引人入胜的 破坏性的；有害的 分隔间；车厢 根本上 治愈；使其复原 安置；装设 变年轻 年轮 横切面；剖面
Lesson Seven
Fungi: The Gபைடு நூலகம்eat Decomposers
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生物专业英语第三版蒋悟生编__课文翻译及课后单词
Inside the Living Cell: Structure andFunction of Internal Cell PartsCytoplasm: The Dynamic, Mobile Factory细胞质：动力工厂Most of the properties we associate with life are properties of the cytoplasm. Much of the mass of a cell consists of this semifluid substance, which is bounded on the outside by the plasma membrane. Organelles are suspended within it, supported by the filamentous network of the cytoskeleton. Dissolved in the cytoplasmic fluid are nutrients, ions, soluble proteins, and other materials needed for cell functioning.生命的大部分特征表现在细胞质的特征上。
细胞质大部分由半流体物质组成，并由细胞膜（原生质膜）包被。
细胞器悬浮在其中，并由丝状的细胞骨架支撑。
细胞质中溶解了大量的营养物质，离子，可溶蛋白以及维持细胞生理需求的其它物质。
The Nucleus: Information Central（细胞核：信息中心）The eukaryotic cell nucleus is the largest organelle and houses the genetic material (DNA) on chromosomes. (In prokaryotes the hereditary material is found in the nucleoid.) The nucleus also contains one or two organelles-the nucleoli-that play a role in cell division. A pore-perforated sac called the nuclear envelope separates the nucleus and its contents from the cytoplasm. Small molecules can pass through the nuclear envelope, but larger molecules such as mRNA and ribosomes must enter and exit via the pores.真核细胞的细胞核是最大的细胞器，细胞核对染色体组有保护作用（原核细胞的遗传物质存在于拟核中）。
lesson seven fungi the great decomposers1
Haustorium:吸器 pl. haustoria A specialized structure of some parastic寄生的 plants (e.g. dodder菟丝子, mistletoe槲寄生 etc.) which penetrates into the vascular脉管 bundles of the host plant to obtain nourishment.
真菌有多种生命形式。他们可能是分解无生命 有机物质的腐生菌；也可能是寄生菌；或者与 藻类、高等植物共生。
in spite of these variations, however, all fungi carry out extracellular digestion: they secrete enzymes that digest organic matter, and then they absorb the resulting nutrients.
saprobe:腐生菌 An organism that lacks the ability of photosynthesis, and lives on dead or decaying organic matter, a saprophyte腐生植物. Septate:有隔膜的，分隔的 Divided by a septum 隔板（septa）
Fungi have a variety of lifestyles. They may be saprobes that decompose dead organic matter; they may be parasites which obtain nutrients from living hosts; or they may live in symbiotic 共 生的relationships with algae or with the roots of higher plants.
SAT2生物必背词汇(共289个)
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SAT2生物必背词汇(共289个)accumulation积累adenine腺嘌呤adequate充分的aeration通气aerobic respiration有氧呼吸alga (algae)藻类allele等位基因amino acid氨基酸Amphibia两栖纲anaerobic厌氧的angiosperm被子植物Annelida环节动物门apical meristem 顶端分生组织appendage附属物,附肢aquatic水生的arctic tundra北极苔原arithmetical算术的Arthropoda节足动物artificial人工的assortment(染色体)分配atmospheric 大气的autosomal 常染色体的autotroph 自养生物baldness谢顶,秃头bass鲈鱼bile胆汁biome生物群落blastula囊胚boreal taiga 寒带针叶林brine海水cambrium形成层carbon dioxide 二氧化碳catalyze催化centipede蜈蚣centrifuge离心cerebellum小脑cerebral cortex 大脑皮层chamber室,腔characteristic 特征chicken pox 水痘chitin几丁质chloroghyll叶绿素chloroplast叶绿体Choradata脊索动物门chromatid染色单体chromosome染色体churn搅拌circulatory system 循环系统class纲codominant共显性Coelenterata腔肠动物门community群落conditioning条件反射conjugation 接合consumer消费者crayfish螯虾cross杂交cultivate种植cytochrome C 细胞色素C cytosine胞嘧啶decomposer 分解者dehydration 脱水detoxify解(毒),清除dicot双子叶植物digestive tract消化道disjunction分离diversity多样性dominant显性的;显性性状dorsal背部的earthworm蚯蚓ectoderm外胚层embryo胚胎endoderm内胚层endoplasmic reticulum (ER) 内质网enzyme酶epidermis表皮equilibrium平衡erosion腐蚀eutrophication营养性生长过度,富营养化evaporate蒸发excessive过度的excrement粪便excretion排泄物excretory排泄的exhaustion极度疲劳exponential指数的extinction灭绝facilitate促进,推动family(分类学里的)科fermentation 发酵fern蕨类植物fertile能生育的fertilize受精,施肥flavin核黄素fluctuate变化,波动fungus (fungi) 真菌fusion融合,聚变galactose半乳糖gamete配子gastrula原肠胚genetic drift 遗传漂移genetics遗传学genotype基因型genus(分类学里的)属geologic地质的glucose葡萄糖glycogen糖原glycolysis糖酵解grasshopper 蝗虫growth ring 年轮guanine鸟嘌呤gymnosperm 裸子植物habituation 习惯化haploid单倍体hawk鹰,隼hay干草(饲料) hemoglobin 血红蛋白heron鹭heterotroph异养生物heterozygous 杂合的homeostasis体内平衡hoof蹄hormone激素hydrogen bond 氢键hydrolysis水解imprinting印记inbreeding近亲繁殖incorporate包含,合并inheritance遗传insight顿悟insulin胰岛素intake吸入interbreed 杂交intestine 肠ionization 电离kidney肾kindom 界lactase乳糖酵素lactic acid 乳酸lactos乳糖layer层legume豆科植物lethal致死的likely可能的liver肝lizard蜥蜴lobster龙虾locomotion 移动,运动lysosome 溶酶体mammal 哺乳动物mammalian 哺乳动物的maple枫树measles麻疹mechanically机械地medulla oblongata延髓meiosis减数分裂mesoderm中胚层mesophyll叶肉metabolic新陈代谢的methane甲烷，沼气migrate迁移,移居mineral矿物质mitochondrion(mitochondria)线粒体mitosis有丝分裂Mollusca软体动物门monera原核生物界monocot单子叶植物monosaccharide 单糖moss苔藓moth蛾multiple多种的mutation突变mutualistic共生的nerve神经nervous神经的,紧张的neurotransmitter神经递质niche地方,位置nitrogen氮nitrogen fixation固氮作用nitrogenous base含氮碱基(嘌呤,嘧啶等) nuclear membrane 核膜nucleotide核苷酸nucleus (nuclei)细胞核nutrient营养物,营养的oak橡树octopus章鱼offspring后代olfactory bulb 嗅球ominivore杂食动物order(分类学里的)目organell细胞器oscillate摆动，波动ovum (ova) 卵子oxidize氧化oxygen氧ozone臭氧paramecium草履虫parasite寄生物parthenogenesis 单性生殖pasture牧场pepsin胃蛋白酶pepsinogen胃蛋白酶原peptide bond 肽键peristalsis蠕动phagocytosis呑噬pheromone外激素,信息素phloem韧皮部phosphorus磷phosphorylation 磷酸化photosynthesis光合作用phylum(分类学里的)门pine松树pituitary gland脑下垂体plasma membrane 细胞膜Platyhelminthes 扁形动物门pollinate授粉polypeptide多肽pond池塘population群体predation捕食predominantly 大多,主要地predominate 主要的probability概率producer生产者progeny后代prokaryote原核生物proportion比例protist单细胞生物Protista原生生物界purify净化pyruvic acid丙酮酸radial symmetry 辐射状对称recessive隐性的release释放reproductive生殖的Reptilia爬行纲respiration呼吸respirometer呼吸计ribosome核糖体rupture破裂salamander 火蜥蜴saturation 饱和scale鳞secrete分泌segregate 分离sex-linked 性连锁的shark鲨鱼soybean大豆speciation 物种的形成species物种specimen样品sperm精子spermatogenesis 精子生成过程spider蜘蛛Spongia海绵动物门starch淀粉stoma (stomata) 气孔,呼吸孔succession连续sucrose蔗糖sulfur dioxide二氧化硫suspension悬浮液synthesize合成temperate温和的,温带的terrestrial陆生的tertiary第三级的thymine胸腺嘧啶thyroid gland 甲状腺trachea气管trait性状trample踩transpiration 蒸腾作用trial and error 试错法,反复试验trophic level营养级tropical savanna 热带稀树草原turbidity紊乱uptake吸收,摄取uracil尿嘧啶urchin海胆urea尿素urinary bladder 膀胱urine尿utilize利用variation变异vascular维管的vertebrate 脊椎动物violet蓝紫色whale鲸鱼xylem木质部zygote合子，受精卵。
食品微生物学双语词汇
Koch's postulates柯赫法则
02-1细菌（bacteria）
Prokaryotic microorganisms原核生物
Bacteria细菌
Archaebacteria古细菌
Cellmembrane细胞膜
Mesosome间体
Cytoplasm细胞质
Extreme microorganism极端微生物
Thermophiles嗜热菌
Psychrophiles嗜冷菌
Acidophiles嗜酸菌
Basophiles嗜碱菌
Halophiles嗜盐菌
Barophileຫໍສະໝຸດ 嗜压菌11 Application of microbes in Food process
Growth factor生长因子
Energy source能源
Water activity水分活度
Natural Media天然培养基
Synthetic Media合成培养基
Semi-synthetic Media半合成培养基
Autotrophs自养型
Heterotrophs异养型
Nitrogen source氮源
Brewing酿造
Fermented food发酵食品
Single Cell Protein单细胞蛋白
Protease蛋白酶
12Microbes and Food Spoilage食品腐败
Food spoilage，Food decay食品腐败
Zymolysis酵解
Rancidity酸败
Microbial toxin微生物毒素
微生物学（双语）词汇
生物专业英语单词, (浓缩)
Lesson One 细胞器的结构和功能Actin：肌动蛋白basal body:基体centriole：中心粒chemotaxis：趋化性chloroplast：叶绿体chromosome：染色体cilia：纤毛cytoplasm：胞质cytoskeleton：细胞骨架dynein：动力蛋白endoplasmic reticulum：内质网flagella：鞭毛Golgi complex：高尔基复合体lysosome：溶酶体microfilament：微丝microtubule：微管mitochondrion：线粒体myosin：肌球蛋白nuclear envelope：核膜nucleoid：拟核nucleoli：核仁nucleus：细胞核phagocytosis：吞噬作用pinocytosis：胞饮作用plastid：质体polysome：多核糖体ribosome：核糖体stroma：基质tubulin：微管蛋白vacuole：液泡Lesson Two 光合作用absorption：吸收光谱Calvin-Benson cycle：卡尔文-本森循环carotenoid：类胡萝卜素chlorophyll：叶绿素cyclic photophosphorylation：环形光合磷酸化（作用），又称循环式光和磷酸化C3 plant：三碳植物C4 plant：四碳植物light-dependent reactions：光反应light-independent reactions：暗反应noncyclic photophosphorylation：非环形光合磷酸化（作用）photon：光子photophosphrylation：光合磷酸化（作用）photorespiration：光呼吸photosynthesis：光合作用photosystem：光合系统ribulose biphosphate：核酮糖二磷酸thylakoid：类囊体Lesson Three 有丝分裂和减数分裂anaphase：（分裂）后期cell plate：细胞板centromere：着丝粒chalone：抑素，chromatid：染色单体chromatin：染色质cytokinesis：胞质分裂diploid：二倍体haploid：单倍体histone：组蛋白homologous pair：同源染色体对interphase（cycle）：分裂间期（周期）karyotype：核型meiosis：减数分裂mitosis：有丝分裂metaphase：（分裂）中期metaphase plate：赤道板nucleosome：核小体prophase：（分裂）前期spindle：纺锤体telophase：（分裂）末期Lesson Four 遗传学基本原理allele：等位基因dominant：显性recessive：隐性的dihybrid cross：双因子杂合子杂交gene：基因genotype：基因型phenotype：表现型germ plasm theory：种质学说heterozygous：杂合的homozygous：纯合的incomplete dominance：不完全显性law of independentassortment：独立分配定律law of segregation：分离定律nondisjunction：不分离pangenesis：泛生论Punnett square：庞纳特方格test cross：测交Lesson Five 基因的化学性质purine：嘌呤pyrimidine：嘧啶adenine：腺嘌呤guanine：鸟嘌呤cytosine：胞嘧啶thymine：胸腺嘧啶DNA polymerase：DNA聚合酶double helix：双螺旋nucleoside：核苷Okazaki fragment：冈崎片段one-gene-one-enzymehypothesis：一基因一酶假说one-gene-one-polypeptidehypothesis：一基因一多肽假说replication fork：复制叉semiconservativereplication：半保留复制X-ray diffraction：X射线衍射Lesson Six 生命的起源和多样性Big Bang：大爆炸binomial system ofnomenclature：双名法clade：进化枝taxon：分类群taxonomy：分类学coacervate：团聚体continental drift：大陆漂移core：核心mantle：地幔crust：地壳ozone layer：臭氧层kingdom：界division：门class：纲order：目family：科genus：属species：种liposome：脂质体proteinoid：类蛋白（质）Lesson Seven 最大的分解者—真菌ascus：子囊ascomycetes：子囊菌conidium：分生孢子子实体basidium：担子basidiocarp：担子果basidiomycetes：担子果菌纲FungiImperfecti(Decteromycetes)：半知菌门sporangium：孢子囊gametangium：配子囊haustorium：吸器heterokaryon：异核体hyphae：菌丝lichen：地衣mycelium：菌丝体rhizoid：假根saprobe：腐生菌septate：有隔膜的Lesson Eight 动物发育acrosome reaction：顶体反应fertilization：受精cleavage：卵裂blastomere：（卵）裂球blastula：囊胚gastrula：原肠胚primitive streak：原条gastrulation：原肠胚形成ectoderm：外胚层endoderm：内胚层mesoderm：中胚层compensatory hypertrophy：代偿性肥大dedifferentiation：脱分化differentiation：分化gene amplification：基因扩增metamorphosis：变态morphogenesis：形态发生neurulation：神经胚形成oogenesis：卵（子）发生organogenesis：器官发生ovaries：卵巢oviduct：输卵管ovum：卵yolk：卵黄sperm：精子spermatogenesis：精子发生zygote：受精卵parthenogenesis：孤雌生殖regeneration：再生Lesson Nine 物种的起源allopatric speciation：异域物种形成sympatric speciation：同域物种形成analogy：同功cline：梯度变异convergent evolution：趋同进化divergent evolution：趋异进化extinction：灭绝homology：同源性hybrid sterility：杂种不育性macroevolution：宏观进化microevolution：微进化parallel evolution：平行进化phylogeny：种系发生punctuated equilibrium：间断平衡，Lesson Ten 种群生态学age structure：年龄结构allelopathy：异种相克相成现象carrying capacity：容纳量character displacement：特征替换density-dependent factors：密度制约因子density-independent factors：非密度制约因子exponential growth curve：指数生长曲线logistic growth curve：逻辑生长曲线interspecific competition：种间竞争intraspecific competition：种内竞争mortality：死亡率natality：出生率population density：种群密度survivorship curve：存活曲线。
英汉微生物,生化,细胞专业词汇
Aabjunction [孢子]切落ablastin 抑殖素abortin 流产菌素abstriction [孢子]缢断acervulus 分生孢子盘acetification 醋化作用acetogen 产乙酸菌achromatic lens 消色差透镜acid-fast staining 抗酸细菌染色法acidification 酸化作用acidophilic bacteria 嗜酸菌aclacinomycin 阿克拉霉素acrospore 顶生孢子actidione,cycloheximide 放线酮actinomycetes 放线菌actinomycin 放线菌素activated sludge 活性污泥active dry yeast 活性干酵母adeno associated virus 腺伴随病毒adenovirus 腺病毒adhesin 黏附素adriamycin 阿霉素aeciospore 锈孢子aecium 锈子器aerial mycelium 气生菌丝体aerobe 需氧菌aerobic cultivation 需氧培养aerobic respiration 需氧呼吸aerobiosis 需氧生活aerogen 产气菌aerotaxis 趋氧性aerotorelant bacteria 耐氧菌aethalium 黏菌体aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素agar 琼脂agar plate 琼脂平板agar slant 琼脂斜面agarfitine 伞菌氨酸agaricin 蘑菇素agaricinic acid 蘑菇酸aggressin 攻击素aggressivity 攻击力aging 陈酿化agricultural microbiology 农业微生物学agrobacteriocin 土壤杆菌素akinete 静息孢子Albert's staining 阿氏染色aleuriospore 侧生孢子algocyan,leucocyan 藻蓝素allantospore 腊肠形孢子allelopathic substances 异株克生物质allelopathy 异种克生[现象]allophycocyanin 别藻蓝素ambrosia fungi 虫道真菌ambutyrosin 氨丁苷菌素amensalism 偏害共栖American Type Culture Collec- tion 美国模式培养物保藏所, 又称:美国模式培养物保藏所(ATCC )amerospore 无隔孢子Ames test 埃姆斯试验ammonification 氨化作用amphitrichate 两端单[鞭]毛菌amphitrophy 兼性营养amphotericin 两性霉素amylo process 阿明露法anaerobe 厌氧菌anaerobic chamber 厌氧培养室anaerobic cultivation 厌氧培养anaerobic digestion 厌氧消化anaerobic respiration 厌氧呼吸anaerobiosis 厌氧生活anaerogen 不产气菌anamorph 无性型anastomosis [菌丝]融合androgamete 雄配子androgenesis 雄核发育androphore 雄器柄androspore 产雄器孢子annellospore 环痕孢子annulus 菌环anoxyphotobacteria 无氧光细菌ansamitocin 安丝菌素antagonium 拮抗作用anthelmycin 抗蠕霉素antheridium 雄器antibacterial agent 抗菌剂antibiotic 抗生素antibiotic spectrum 抗生谱antidiphtheric serum 抗白喉血清antifoam agent 消泡剂antifungal agent 抗真菌剂antigenic drift 抗原性漂移antigenic shift 抗原性转变antilysin 抗溶[菌]素antimetabolites 抗代谢物antimicrobial agent 抗微生物剂antimycin 抗霉素antisepsis 防腐antiseptic 防腐剂antiserum 抗血清antitoxin 抗毒素apex [噬菌体]顶体apical capsomere [噬菌体]顶部壳粒apicle 顶体aplasmomycin 除疟霉素apochromatic lens 全消色差透镜apogamy 无配生殖apomixis 无融合生殖apophysis 囊托apothecium 子囊盘appendage [菌体]附器apramycin 阿泊拉霉素aquatic microbiology 水生微生物学arbovirus 虫媒病毒archaebacteria 古细菌archetista 古始生物界Arnold steam sterilizor 流通蒸汽灭菌器arthroconidium 节分生孢子arthrospore 节孢子ascocarp 子囊果ascogenous hypha 产囊丝ascogonium 产囊体ascomycetes 子囊菌ascospore 子囊孢子ascosporulation 子囊孢子形成ascostroma 子囊座ascus 子囊aseptic technique 无菌操作aspergillin 曲霉菌素aspertoxin 曲霉毒素asporogenous yeasts 无孢子酵母菌assembly [病毒]装配assimilation 同化作用associated virus 伴随病毒asymbiotic nitrogen fixation 非共生固氮作用attenuated strain 减毒株attenuation 减毒作用autoclave 高压灭菌器autoclaving 高压灭菌autoinoculation 自身接种autolysin 自溶素autolysis 自溶[现象]automatic airlock 自动气锁autotrophic bacteria 自养菌autotrophic succession 自养演替autotrophy 自养autovaccine 自身菌苗autovaccine 自身疫苗auxanogram 生长谱auxanograph 生长谱测定[法]auxotroph 营养缺陷型avermectin 除虫菌素axenic cultivetion 纯性培养axenic culture 纯性培养物axial filament 轴丝azotogen 固氮菌剂azygospore 拟接合孢子azygote 单性合子bacitracin 杆菌肽bacteremia 菌血症Bbacteria 细菌bacterial colony counter 菌落计数器bacterial vaccine 菌苗bacterial virulence 细菌毒力bactericide 杀细菌剂bactericidin 杀[细]菌素bacteriochlorophyll [细]菌[叶]绿素bacteriocin 细菌素bacterioerythrin 菌红素bacteriofluorescein 细菌荧光素bacteriology 细菌学bacteriolysis 溶菌作用bacteriolytic reaction 溶[细]菌反应bacteriophage 噬菌体bacteriophage typing 噬菌体分型bacteriophagology 噬菌体学bacteriopurpurin 菌紫素bacteriorhodopsin [细菌]紫膜质bacteriosome 细菌小体bacteriostasis 抑菌作用bacteriostat 抑菌剂bacteriotoxin 细菌毒素bacteriotropin 亲菌素bacteroid 类菌体ballistospore 掷孢子barophilic bacteria 嗜压菌base-plate fibril [噬菌体]基片丝base-plate hub [噬菌体]基片插孔base-plate wedge [噬菌体]基片楔突basic medium 基础培养基basidiocarp 担子果basidiomycetes 担子菌basidiophore 担子体basidiospore 担孢子basidium 担子batch cultivation 分批培养batch fermentation [罐]批发酵BCG vaccine 卡介苗bean sprouts medium 豆芽汁培养基beef broth 牛肉汁beef extract 牛肉膏bicyclomycin 双环霉素binary fission 二分分裂binocular microscope 双目显微镜bioassay 生物测定biochemical medium 生化培养基bioconversion 生物转化biogas 沼气biological control 生物防治biological products 生物制品biomass 生物量biomass 生物质biosphere 生物圈biotype 生物型biovar 生物变型biphasic cultivation 双相培养bipolar staining 两极染色bitunicate ascus 双囊壁子囊blasticidin 杀稻瘟素blastoconidium 芽分生孢子blastospore 芽生孢子bleomycin 博来霉素blind passage 盲传blooms 水华body X体bottom fermentation 下面发酵bottom yeast 下面酵母bran koji 麸曲brewing 酿造brewing technique 酿造技术bright field microscope 明视野显微镜broth cultivation 肉汤培养broth culture 肉汤培养物brucellin 布氏菌素budding 芽殖burst size [噬菌体]裂解量butirosin 丁苷菌素, 又称:丁苷菌素(butyrosin )Ccandicidin 杀假丝菌素candle jar 烛罐capillitium 孢丝capreomycin 卷曲霉素, 又称:卷曲霉素(capromycin )capsid [病毒]壳体capsomer [病毒]壳粒, 又称:[病毒]壳粒(capsomere )capsule 荚膜carbol fuchsin 石炭酸品红carbon balance 碳平衡carboxydotrophic bacteria 一氧化碳营养菌carminomycin 洋红霉素carotenoids 类葫萝卜素carrier 带[病]毒者carrier 带菌者carrier phage 载体噬菌体carriomycin 腐霉素casamino acids [水解]酪蛋白氨基酸caulobacteria 柄细菌cedar oil 香柏油celesticetin 天青菌素cell line 细胞系cell strain 细胞株cellulase 纤维素酶central spore 中生芽胞centrum 壳心cephalosporin 头孢菌素cephalotricha 单端丛[鞭]毛菌chemoautotrophic bacteria 化能自养菌chemoautotrophy 化能自养chemoheterotrophic bacteria 化能异养菌chemolithotrophic bacteria 化能无机营养菌chemolithotrophy 化能无机营养chemoorganotrophic bacteria 化能有机营养菌chemoorganotrophy 化能有机营养chemostat 恒化器chemotaxis 趋化性chemotherapy 化学疗法chemotrophy 化能营养chemotropism 向化性chemotype 化学型chemovar 化学变型China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms 中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会, 又称:中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会(CCCCM )Chinese Society for Microbiology 中国微生物学会, 又称:中国微生物学会(CSM )chlamydia 衣原体chlamydospore 厚壁孢子chloromycetin 氯霉素, 又称:氯霉素(chloramphenicol )chloroteracycline 金霉素, 又称:金霉素(aureomycin )chromatophore 载色体chromogenic bacteria 产色细菌chromomycin 色霉素chuangxinmycin 创新霉素Chu-inhibitor [流感病毒]朱氏抑制物, 又称:[流感病毒]朱氏抑制物(β－inhibitor )chytrid 壶菌cirrus 孢子角clamp cell 锁状细胞clamp connection 锁状联合clavulanic acid 棒酸cleistocarp 闭囊果cleistothecium 闭囊壳climax community 顶极群落clindamycin 氯林肯霉素clitocybine 杯伞素clone 克隆closed growth system 封闭生长系统cluster 聚簇clypeus 盾状体coagulase 凝固酶coagulase factors 凝固酶因子coccobacillus 球杆菌coccus 球菌cococarde 半透明型突变噬斑co-cultivation 协同培养coenocyte 多核细胞coenogamete 多核配子coenosporangium 多核孢子囊coenospore 多核孢子coenozygote 多核合子coenzyme M 辅酶Mco-immobilization 共固定化作用colicin 大肠菌素, 又称:大肠菌素(colicine ) colicinogenic factor 大肠杆菌素生成因子coliform group 大肠菌类coli-index 大肠[杆]菌指数colistin 黏菌素colititre 大肠[杆]菌值collar [噬菌体]颈部collarette 囊领colony 菌落colony forming units 菌落形成单位, 又称:菌落形成单位(CFU )columella 囊轴combined vaccine 联合疫苗commensalism 偏利共栖companions 伴生种compatibility 相容性compensative eyeplece 补偿目镜competence 感受态competition 兢争[共栖]complementation 互补complete medium 完全培养基complex symmetry 复合对称concatemer [噬菌体]串联体concave slide 凹玻片conditional lethal 条件致死conditional mutant 条件突变株conditioned pathogen 条件致病菌conidiocarp 分生孢子果conidiophore 分生孢子梗conidium 分生孢子conjugate division [噬菌体]接合分裂conjugation 接合[作用]connector [噬菌体]颈圈consortium 聚生体constriction 缢缩[作用] contaminant 污染物contamination 污染continuous cultivation 连续培养continuous fermentation 连续发酵continuous sterilization 连续灭菌cooked meat medium 庖肉培养基coprinin 鬼伞菌素cord factor 索状因子cordycepin 蛹虫草菌素core [噬菌体]髓部core 核心coremium 菌丝束cortex [芽胞]皮层cortinellin 香菇菌素corynebacteria 棒状菌cosmid 黏粒counterstaining 对染[法]cover glass 盖玻片critical killing dilution 临界杀菌浓度cross reactivation 交叉复活cryopreservation 深低温保藏[法] cryptic prophage 隐性前噬菌体cryptobiosis 隐生现象cubical symmetry 立体对称cultivation 培养culture 培养物culture flask 培养瓶culture trasfering 移种cup fungi 盘菌curing [噬菌体]自愈cyanobacteria 蓝细菌cyanophycin 藻青素cyanophycin granule 藻青素颗粒cycloserine 环丝氨酸cyclosporin 环孢菌素cylinder plate method 杯碟法cystidium 囊状体cytochalasin 松胞菌素cytomycin 胞霉素cytopathic effect 致细胞病变[效应], 又称:致细胞病变[效应](CPE )cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus 质型多角体病毒, 又称:质型多角体病毒(CPV )DDaqu (massive raw stater for alcholic liquor) 大曲dark-field 暗视野dark-field microscope 暗视野显微镜dark-field microscopy 暗视野显微术daughter colony 子菌落daunomycin 道诺霉素decline phase 衰亡期decomposer 分解者deep colony 深层菌落defective interfering particle 干扰缺损颗粒defective mutant [病毒]缺损突变株defective virus 缺损病毒dehydrated medium 干燥培养基denitrification 反硝化作用denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌densovirus,DNV 浓核病毒dermatonecrotoxin 皮肤坏死毒素destomycin 越霉素deterioration 生物致劣determinative bacteriology 鉴定细菌学diagnostic microbiology 诊断微生物学dialysis cultivation 透析培养diary microbiology 乳品微生物学diauxie growth curve 双峰生长曲线dictyospore 砖格孢子didymospore 双胞孢子differential interference contrast microscope [分辨]干涉差显微镜, 又称:[分辨]干涉差显微镜(DICM )differential medium 鉴别培养基differential staining 鉴别染色法difined midium 确定成分培养基dilution method 稀释法dilution-plate method 稀释平板分离法dimorphic fungi 双态性真菌dimorphism 双态现象diphtheria toxin 白喉毒素dipicolinic acid 2,6-吡啶二羧酸, 又称:2,6-吡啶二羧酸(DPA)diplobacillus 双杆菌diplococcus 双球菌discocarp 盘状子囊果disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection 消毒dispore 双孢担孢子dissimilation 异化作用distamycin 偏端霉素donor 供体dormancy 休眠doubling time 倍增时间drug resistant gene 抗药基因drug resistant strain 抗药性菌株drug susceptibility 药物敏感性drug-resistance 抗药性dry heat sterilization 干热灭菌Durham's fermentation tube 杜氏发酵管dwarf colony 侏儒型菌落dysbacteriosis 菌群失调Eearly genes [病毒]早期基因early protein [病毒]早期蛋白eburicoic acid 齿孔酸ECHO virus 艾柯病毒eclipse period 隐蔽期ectendomycorrhiza 内外生菌根ectomycorrhiza 外生菌根ectothrix 毛外癣菌efficiency of plating 成斑效率elater 弹丝electron microscope 电[子显微]镜elementary body 原[生小]体EMB agar 伊红甲烯蓝琼脂endobasidium 内生担子endoconidium 内分生孢子endogenenous variable 内源变量endogenous virus 内源病毒endomycorrhiza 内生菌根Endo's medium 远藤培养基endospore 内生孢子endosymbiosis 内共生endothrix 毛内癣菌endotoxin 内毒素enriched medium 滋养培养基enrichment medium 富集培养基enterococcin 肠球菌素enterotoxin 肠毒素enterovirus 肠道病毒entomogenous fungi 虫生真菌entomopathogen 昆虫病原微生物entomopox virus 昆虫痘病毒, 又称:昆虫痘病毒(EPV )envelope 包膜, 又称:包膜(peplos )envelope antigen [病毒]包膜抗原envelope antigen [细菌]包被抗原epibasidium 上担子epidermolytic toxin 表皮溶解毒素epithecium 囊层被erythrogenic toxin 红斑毒素erythromycin 红霉素esterastin 抑酯酶素etiology 病原学eubacteria 真细菌eukaryote 真核生物eurythermal microorganism 广温微生物euvirus 真病毒everninomicin 扁枝衣霉素exfoliative toxin 剥脱性毒素exine 外壁exitine 芽胞外膜exospore 外生孢子exosporium [孢子]外壁exotoxin 外毒素exponential growth 指数生长extracellular enzyme 胞外酶extreme bacteria 极端细菌Ffactor 因子factor 420 420 因子facultative anaerobe 兼性厌氧菌fastidious microorganism 苛求菌favic chandelier mycelium 黄癣菌丝feed back inhibition 反馈抑制fermentation 发酵fermentation capacity 发酵[能]力fermenter 发酵罐fermetability 可发酵性fermicutes 硬壁[细]菌类Fernbach flask 冯巴赫瓶fertility factor 致育因子Feulgen staining 富尔根染色fiber antigen [噬菌体]尾丝抗原fibrinolysin 溶纤维蛋白溶酶filamentous type colony 丝状型菌落filtration sterilization 过滤除菌fimbrium [噬菌体]伞毛fixed virus [狂犬病]固定毒flagellar antigen 鞭毛抗原flagellar basal body 鞭毛基体flagellin 鞭毛蛋白flagellum 鞭毛flat sour bacteria 平罐酸败菌flat-sour spoilage 平[罐]酸败flax retting 亚麻浸渍flora 菌群flora 区系fluorescence microscope 荧光显微镜food microbiology 食品微生物学food poisoning 食物中毒foot cell 脚胞foot cell 足细胞forespore 前芽胞formycin 间型霉素fortimicin 健霉素foulbrood [蜜蜂]幼虫腐臭病fractional cultivation 分部培养[法] fragmentation 断裂French cell press 弗氏[细胞]压碎器fruiting body 子实体fungistat 抑真菌剂funiculus 菌丝索fusarinic acid 镰孢菌酸fuseau 顶生厚壁孢子Ggametangial copulation 配囊交配gametangium 配子囊gamete 配子gametocyte 配子母细胞gas vacuole 气泡GC values GC值gelatine liquefication 明胶液化gene cluster 基因簇gene transfer 基因转移general microbilogy 普通微生物学genetic transformation 遗传转化genotype 基因型gentamicin 艮他霉素geosmins [放线菌]土臭味素germ free animal 无菌动物germ pore 芽孔germ slit 芽缝germ tube 芽管germ-free plant 无菌植物germicides 杀菌剂ghost 菌蜕giant colony 巨大菌落gleba 产孢体gliding 滑行glidingbacteria 滑行细菌gliotoxin 胶霉毒素glucose effect 葡萄糖效应glycocalyx 多糖包被gnotobiology 悉生生物学gnotobiote 悉生生物gonidium 微生子gougerotin 谷氏菌素gracilicutes 薄壁[细]菌类gradient plate 梯度平板Gram staining 革兰氏染色gramicidin 短杆菌肽Gram-negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性菌Gram-positive bacteria 革兰氏阳性菌granule 颗粒体granulin 颗粒体蛋白granulose 细菌淀粉粒granulosis virus 颗粒体症病毒, 又称:颗粒体症病毒(GV )grisein 灰霉素griseofulvin 灰黄霉素growth factor 生长因子Guarnieri's bodies 顾氏小体Hhaemolysin 溶血素haemolysis 溶血[作用]halophilic bacteria 嗜盐菌hamathecium 囊间丝hanging drop method 悬滴法HBcAg 乙型肝炎核心抗原HBeAg 乙型肝炎e抗原HBsAg 乙型肝炎表面抗原head [噬菌体]头部heat fixation 热固定helical symmetry 螺旋对称helicospore 卷旋孢子helper virus 辅助病毒hemadsorption 血细胞吸附, 又称:血细胞吸附(HD )hemagglutination 血细胞凝集, 又称:血细胞凝集(HA )hemagglutination inhibition 血凝抑制hemagglutinin 血凝素hemibasidium 半担子hemolytic test 溶血试验herbicidin 除莠菌素herbimycin 除莠霉素heterobasidium 隔担子heterocyst 异形[囊]胞heterofermentation 异型发酵heterofermentative lactic bacteria 异型发酵乳酸菌heterogamete 异形配子heterogamy 异配生殖heterology 异源性heterothallism 异宗配合heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌heterotrophic potential 异养潜能heterotrophic succession 异养演替heterotrophy 异养heterozygosis 杂合[现象]heterozygote 异形合子hexonmer [病毒]六邻体, 又称:[病毒]六邻体(hexons )high frequency of recombination 高频重组, 又称:高频重组(Hfr )high power objective 高倍物镜H-O variation H-O 变异holdfast 固着器holobasidium 无隔担子holomorph 全型holomycin 全霉素homoacetogenic bacteria 同型[产]乙酸细菌homobasidium 同担子homofermentation 同型发酵homofermentative lactic bacteria 同型发酵乳酸菌homoimmune phage 同源免疫噬菌体homology 同源性homothallism 同宗配合hormogonium [蓝细菌]连锁体host range mutant 宿主范围突变株hyaluronidase 透明质酸酶hydrogen sulfide production test 硫化氢试验hydrogenogens 产氢菌hydrogenotrophic bacteria 氢营养菌hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria 产氢产乙酸细菌hygromycin 潮霉素hymenium 子实层hymenophore 子实层体hypha 菌丝hyphal body 虫菌体hyphal fragment 菌丝段hypholytic action 溶菌丝作用hyphopodium 附着枝hypnosporangium 休眠孢子囊hypnospore 休眠孢子hypobasidium 下担子hypogeal fungi 地下真菌hypostroma 下子座hypothallus 囊基膜hypothecium 囊层基hysterothecium 缝裂壳Iicosahedral symmetry 二十面体对称icosahedron capsid 二十面[体]壳体identification 鉴定idiotroph 特需营养要求型ilamycin 岛霉素immobilized cell 固定化细胞immune adherence hemagglutina- tion assay 免疫粘连血凝测定, 又称:免疫粘连血凝测定(IAHA )imperfect fungi 半知菌IMViC test 吲哚、甲基红、V-P、柠檬酸试验in situ cultivation 原位培养in vitro 体外in vivo 体内incineration 烧灼灭菌inclusion body 包含体inclusion granule 内含颗粒incubator 培养箱India-ink capsule staining 墨汁荚膜染色indicator 指示菌indigenous flora 土著菌群indigenous flora 土著区系indole test 吲哚试验induced variation 诱发变异inducible phage [可]诱导噬菌体indusium 菌裙industrial microbiology 工业微生物学infection 传染infection 感染infection 侵染infectious center 感染中心infectious center 侵染中心infectious dose 50% 半感染剂量, 又称:半感染剂量(ID 50 )infective dose 感染剂量, 又称:感染剂量(ID ) infective dose 侵染剂量, 又称:侵染剂量(ID ) infectivity 感染性infectivity 侵染性initial body [衣原体]始体inoculating loop 接种环inoculating needle 接种针inoculation 接种, 又称:接种(inoculating,inoculate )inoculation hood 接种箱inoculum 接种物inoperculatae 无囊盖类interference 干扰[现象]interferon 干扰素International Union of Micro- biological Societies,IUMS 国际微生物学会联合会interspecies Htransfer 种间分子氢转移intestinal bacteria 肠道细菌intine 芽胞内膜intracellular enzyme 胞内酶invasiveness 侵袭力invert microscope 倒置显微镜involution form 衰老型irido virus 虹彩病毒iron bacteria 铁细菌isogametangium 同形配子囊isogamete 同形配子isogamy 同配生殖isolation 分离isolation medium 分离培养基isospore 同形孢子istamycin 天神霉素ivermectin 双氢除虫菌素Jjosamycin 交沙霉素kanamycin 卡那霉素kasugamycin 春日霉素Kkiller particle 致死颗粒Koester's stain 柯斯特染料koji 日本酒曲kojic acid 曲酸Kolle flask 克氏瓶Kolmer test 科氏试验Kovac's oxidase regent 柯氏氧化酶试剂Kovac's reagent 柯氏试剂Llag phase 延滞期lambda particles phage λ噬菌体Lancefield's streptococcal grouping test 蓝氏链球菌分群试验lapinization 兔化法lapinized virus 兔化毒late genes [病毒]晚期基因late protein [病毒]晚期蛋白latent virus 潜伏病毒lawn 菌苔leaky mutant 渗漏突变体leghaemoglobin 豆血红蛋白Leifson's flagella staining 赖夫松鞭毛染色lens 透镜lepromin 麻风菌素leucocidin 杀白细胞素leucolysin 白细胞溶素leucomycin 柱晶白霉素L-form of bacterium 细菌L-型lincomycin 林可霉素lipopolysaccharides 脂多糖类liquid koji 液体曲liquid medium 液体培养基liquid nitrogen cryopreservation 液氮保藏[法] liquid state fermentation 液态发酵lithotrophic bacteria 无机营养菌litmus milk 石蕊牛奶live bacterial vaccine 活菌苗live vaccine 活疫苗locule 子囊腔Loeffler's methylene blue 吕氏甲烯蓝Loeffler's serum medium 吕氏血清培养基log phase 对数期lophotricha 丛[鞭]毛菌low power objective 低倍物镜low virulent strain 弱毒株Lugol's iodine solution 鲁戈氏碘液luminous bacteria 发光细菌lyophilization 冻干[保藏]法lysis inhibition [噬菌体]裂解阻抑lysogenesis 溶原现象lysogenic bacteria 溶原性细菌lysogenic conversion 溶原性转换lysogenization 溶原化lysogeny 溶原性lysostaphin 溶葡萄球菌素lysozyme 溶菌酶lytic cycle 裂解周期MMacchiavello's staining 麦氏[立克次氏体]染色MacConkey medium 麦氏培养基macroconidium 大分生孢子magnification 放大率main fermentation 主发酵malachite green solution 孔雀石绿溶液mallein test [马]鼻疽菌素试验malt wort 麦芽汁Mandler filter 曼德勒尔滤器manual airlock 手动气锁marine microbiology 海洋微生物学mash 醪液matachromatic granules 异染粒mating type 交配型maytenin 美登素meat extract 肉膏medical microbiology 医学微生物学medium 培养基membrane filter 薄膜滤器mendosicutes 疵壁[细]菌类merosporangium 柱孢子囊mesophilic bacteria 中温菌mesosome 间体mesotrophy 半自养metabiosis 代谢共栖methanochondria 甲烷粒体methanogen 产甲烷菌methanogenesis 产甲烷[作用]methyl red test 甲基红试验methylene blue reduction test 甲烯蓝还原试验methylotrophic bacteria 甲基营养菌methylotrophy 甲基营养methymycin 酒霉素metulae 梗基microaerobe 微需氧菌microbial biochemistry 微生物生物化学microbial ecology 微生物生态学microbial ecosystem 微生物生态系统microbial genetics 微生物遗传学microbial leaching 微生物浸矿microbial pesticide 微生物杀虫剂microbial physiology 微生物生理学microbial sensor 微生物传感器microbial taxonomy 微生物分类学microbiology 微生物学microbody 微体microcapsule 微荚膜microconidium 小分生孢子microcyst 微包囊microflora 微生物区系micromanipulation 显微操作micromanipulator 显微操作器micronutrient 微量营养microorganism 微生物microscope 显微镜microscope condenser 显微镜集光器microscopic examination 镜检microscopic Widal agglutination test 显微肥达氏凝集试验millipore filter 微孔滤器minimal infecting dose 最小感染量, 又称:最小感染量(MID )minimal inhibitory concentration 最小抑菌浓度, 又称:最小抑菌浓度(MIC )minimal lethal dose 最小致死量, 又称:最小致死量(MLD )mithramycin 光神霉素mitomycin 丝裂霉素mixed cultivation 混合培养mixed culture 混合培养物mold 霉菌, 又称:霉菌(mould )mollicutes 柔膜细菌monensin 莫能菌素monomorphism 单形现象monotricha 单鞭毛菌monster [噬菌体]畸形体morphotype 形态型morphovar 形态变型most probable number 最大概率数, 又称:最大概率数(MPN )most probable number method 最大概率法, 又称:最大概率法(MPNM ) mucoid colony 黏液型菌落multicomponent virus 多分体病毒multiple embedded virus 多粒包埋型病毒multiple fission 复分裂muramic acid 胞壁酸muscarine 毒蝇碱mushrooms 蘑菇mutagen 诱变剂mutagenesis 诱变mutant 突变体mutation 突变mutualism 互利共栖mycelianamide 菌丝酰胺mycelium 菌丝体mycelium pellet 菌丝球mycetism 真菌中毒mycetosome 含菌细胞mycocide 杀真菌剂mycoderm [菌]醭, 又称:[菌]醭(pellicle ) mycolic acid 分枝菌酸mycology 真菌学mycomycin 菌霉素mycophage 真菌噬菌体mycophenolic acid 霉酚酸mycorrhiza 菌根mycorrhizal fungi 菌根真菌mycotoxin 真菌毒素mycovirus 真菌病毒mydecamycin 麦迪霉素, 又称:麦迪霉素(midecamycin )mykol 真菌醇myxospore 黏孢子Nnaked virion 裸露病毒[粒]体natural medium 天然培养基nebramycin 暗霉素necroparsite 致坏死寄生物necrosis virus 坏死病毒negative staining 负染[色法]negative strand 负链Negri's body 内氏小体neomycin 新霉素netropsin 纺锤菌素neuraminidase 神经氨酸酶neurotoxicity 神经毒性neurotoxin 神经毒素neurovirulence 神经毒力neutralism 无关共栖neutralization test 中和试验nitragin 根瘤菌剂nitrate reduction test 硝酸盐还原试验nitrification 硝化作用nitrobacteria 硝化细菌nitrogen balance 氮平衡nitrogen fixation 固氮作用nitrogen fixing bacteria 固氮细菌nocardin 诺卡菌素nodular mycelium 结节状菌丝nonseptate hypha 无隔菌丝normal flora 正常菌群novobiocin 新生霉素nuclear polyhedrosis virus 核型多角体病毒, 又称:核型多角体病毒(NPV )nucleocapsid 核壳nucleoid 类核numerical taxonomy 数值分类法nutrient agar 营养琼脂nutrient broth 营养肉汤nystatin 制霉菌素OO antigen 菌体抗原objective 物镜obligate anaerobe 专性厌氧菌ochratoxin 赭曲毒素ocular 目镜ocular micrometer 目镜测微计O-D variation [流感病毒]_O-D相变异oidiophore 粉孢子梗oidium 粉孢子oil immersion objective 油浸物镜old culture 老培养物old tuberculin 旧结核菌素, 又称:旧结核菌素(OT )oleandomycin 竹桃霉素oligodynamic action 微[量]动[力]作用oligonitrophilic bacteria 微嗜氮菌oligotrophic bacteria 贫[营]养细菌oncovirus 肿瘤病毒one step growth 一步生长[曲线] oogamete 卵配子oogonium 藏卵器oomycetes 卵菌ooplasm 卵质oosphere 卵球oospore 卵孢子open fermentation 敞口发酵open growth system 开放生长系统operon 操纵子ophiobollin 蛇孢菌素opportunistic pathogen 机会致病菌organotrophic bacteria 有机营养菌osmophilic bacteria 嗜高渗细菌ostiole 孔口Oxford cup 牛津杯oxidase test 氧化酶试验oxygen requirement 需氧量oxyphotobacteria 生氧光细菌oxytropism 向氧性Ppaleomicrobiology 古微生物学pantropic virus 泛嗜性病毒paraphysis 侧丝paraphysoid 类侧丝parasexuality 准性生殖parasitism 寄生parasporal crystal 伴胞晶体paromomycin 巴龙霉素passenger virus 过客病毒Pasteur effect 巴氏效应pasteurization 巴氏消毒法pathogen 病原体pathogenicity 致病性pathotype 致病型pathovar 致病变型patulin 展青霉素pectinafe mycelium 梳状菌丝pectinase 果胶酶pellicle 菌膜penetration [病毒]侵入penicillic acid 青霉酸penicillin 青霉素penicillinase 青霉素酶penicillus 帚状枝pentomer [病毒]五邻体, 又称:[病毒]五邻体(pentons )peplomerbody 包膜突起peptidoglycan 肽聚糖peptone [蛋白]胨peptone-yeast extract-glucose medium [蛋白]胨酵母膏葡萄糖培养基perfect fungi 完全真菌perfringocin 产气荚膜梭菌素peridium 包被periphysis 周丝periphysoid 类周丝periplasmic flagella 周质鞭毛periplasmic space 壁膜间隙perithecium 子囊壳peritricha 周[鞭]毛菌permease 通透酶pesticin 鼠疫菌素Petri dish 培养皿petroleum microbiology 石油微生物学Pfeiffer's phenomenon 费氏[溶菌]现象phagetype 噬菌体型phagevar 噬菌体变型phalloidin 鬼笔[毒]环肽phase contrast microscope 相差显微镜phasmid 噬粒phenol coefficient 石炭酸系数phenotype 表型phenotypic mixing 表型混杂phialide 瓶梗phialospore 瓶梗孢子phosphonomycin 磷霉素, 又称:磷霉素(fosfomycin )phosphorus balance 磷平衡photo-assimilation 光同化作用photoautotrophic bacteria 光能自养菌photoautotrophy 光能自养photoheterotrophic bacteria 光能异养菌photolithotrophic bacteria 光能无机营养菌photolithotrophy 光能无机营养photoorganotrophic bacteria 光能有机营养菌photoorganotrophy 光能有机营养photoreactivation 光复活作用photosynthetic bacteria 光合作用细菌phototaxis 趋光性phototrophic bacteria 光养菌phototrophy 光营养phototropism 向光性phragmobasidium 有隔担子phragmospore 多隔孢子phycobilin 藻胆素phycobiliprotein 藻胆蛋白phycobilisome 藻胆蛋白体phycocyanin 藻青蛋白phycocyanobilin 藻蓝胆素phycoerythrin 藻红蛋白phycoerythrobilin 藻红[胆]素phycophage 噬藻体phyllospheric microorganism 叶际微生物phytocidin 植物杀菌素phytotoxin 毒植物素pileus 菌盖pilin 菌毛蛋白pilot protein [噬菌体]先导蛋白pilus 菌毛planozygote 游动合子plaque 蚀斑plaque 噬斑plaque forming unit 蚀斑形成单位, 又称:蚀斑形成单位(PFU )plaque mutants 噬斑突变株plasmid 质粒plasmid incompatibility 质粒不相容性plate 平板plate cultivation 平板培养plate culture 平板培养物plate streaking 平板划线plating 平板接种pneumolysin 肺炎[链]球菌溶血素pneumotoxin 肺炎球菌毒素pock assay 痘疱试验poisonous mushroom 毒蘑菇polyauxotroph 多重营养缺陷型polyhead [噬菌体]聚合头部polyhedrin 多角体蛋白polyhedron 多角体polyhedrosis virus 多角体病毒polymorphism 多态[现象]polymorphism 多形现象polymyxin 多黏菌素polyoxin 多氧菌素polysheath [噬菌体]聚合尾鞘polysilicate plate 聚硅酸盐平板polyvalent bacterial vaccine 多价菌苗polyvalent vaccine 多价疫苗poly-β-hydroxy butyrate 聚β-羟基丁酸盐pooled typing serum 混合分型血清porospore 孔出孢子positive strand 正链potato dextrose agar 马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂, 又称:马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA )pour plate method 倾注培养[法]predacious fungi 捕食真菌predation 捕食作用preprophage 前原噬菌体press 细胞压碎器primary culture 原始培养物primary fermentation 前发酵primary invader 原发性感染原primary succession 原生演替prodigiosin 灵菌红素prodigiosus toxin 灵菌毒素productive infection [噬菌体]生产性感染progametangium 原配子囊progamete 原配子progenote 始祖生物prokaryote 原核生物promotor 启动子prophage 原噬菌体prosporangium 原孢子囊protein envelope 蛋白质包膜protista 原生生物protistology 原生生物学protobasidium 原担子protocooperation 初级合作protophyta 原生植物protoplast 原生质体protoplast fusion 原生质体融合protoplast regeneration 原生质体再生prototroph 原养型prototrophic bacteria 原养菌prototunicate ascus 原囊壁子囊protozoa 原生动物protozoology 原生动物学provirus 原病毒pseudomycelium 假菌丝体pseudoparaphysis 拟侧丝pseudopeptidoglycan 假肽聚糖pseudoperidium 拟包被pseudoseptum 假隔膜pseudotype virus 假型病毒pseudovirion 假病毒体psychrophilic bacteria 嗜冷[细]菌pure cultivation 纯培养pure culture 纯培养物purification 纯化purified protein derivative 纯化蛋白衍生物, 又称:纯化蛋白衍生物(PPD )purple membrane 紫膜purple nonsulfur bacteria 紫色无硫细菌putrefaction 腐败pycnidiospore 器孢子pycnidium 分生孢子器pycniospore [锈菌]性孢子pycnium [锈菌]性孢子器pycnosclerotium 器菌核pyocyanin 绿脓[菌]素pyocyanolysin 绿脓杆菌溶血素pyofluorescein 绿脓菌荧光素pyrenomycetes 核菌pyrogen 致热原QQu_(raw starter) 曲quellung test 荚膜膨胀试验Rracquet mycelium 球拍状菌丝体receptor destroying enzyme 受体破坏酶, 又称:受体破坏酶(RDE )recipient 受体recombinant 重组体recombination 重组recon 重组子redistribution 重分配reinoculation 再接种replica plating 影印培养法replication 复制replication of virus 病毒复制replicative cycle 复制周期replicon 复制子reproductive mycelium 生殖菌丝体resistance determining factor 耐药[性决定]因子resistance factor 抗药因子resistance transfer factor 耐药性转移因子, 又称:耐药性转移因子(RTF )resolving power 分辨率resting cell 静息细胞restricted transduction 局限转导retro virus 逆[转]录病毒retting 沤麻revaccination 疫苗再接种reverse transcriptase 逆[转]录酶revistin 制反转录酶素rhizopin 根霉促进素rhizopterin 根霉蝶呤rhizospheric microorganism 根际微生物rhodopseudomonacin 红假单胞菌素ribostamycin 核糖霉素, 又称:核糖霉素(vistamycin )rickettsia 立克次氏体rifamycin 利福霉素rimocidin 龟裂杀菌素ring chromosome 环状染色体ristocetin 瑞斯托菌素rod 杆菌rolling tube cultivation 滚管培养法rolling tube technique 滚管技术root nodule 根瘤root nodule bacteria 根瘤细菌rosamicin 蔷薇霉素rough colony 粗糙型菌落rough type 粗糙型rubidomycin 红比霉素rumen microbiology 瘤胃微生物学rust disease 锈病rust fungi 锈菌SSabouraud's dextrose agar 沙氏葡萄糖琼脂sacchariferous agents 糖化剂saccharification 糖化作用sagamicin 相模霉素salinomycin 盐霉素Salmonella-Shigella agar 沙门-志贺氏琼脂, 又称:沙门-志贺氏琼脂(S.S.agar )saprophytic bacteria 腐生菌saprophytic nutrition 腐生营养saprophytism 腐生现象sarcina 八叠球菌sarkomycin 肉瘤霉素satellite virus 卫星病毒satellitism 卫星现象scanning electron microscope 扫描电[子显微]镜, 又称:扫描电[子显微]镜(SEM ) schizogenesis 裂殖schizophyte 裂殖植物sclerotium 菌核scolecospore 线形孢子scotobacteria 暗细菌secondary colony 次生菌落secondary fermentation 后发酵secondary invader 继发性感染原secondary mycelium 次生菌丝体secondary succession 次生演替secter mutation 扇形突变seeding tank 种子罐seeding yeast 酒母Seitz filter 赛氏[细菌]滤器selective medium 选择性培养基semicontinuous fermentation 半连续[型]发酵semisolid medium 半固体培养基semisynthetic medium 半合成培养基sensitized bacteria 敏化细菌septate hypha 有隔菌丝septum 隔膜serological identification 血清学鉴定serological specificity 血清学特异性serotype 血清型。
植物病理学@生物化学专业英语词汇
植物病理学词汇以下共列出213个有关词汇，中文释义仅供参考。
更多词汇请参阅：裘维蕃主编，《英汉植物病理学词汇》，农业出版社，1990.8。
1)abacterial 无菌的2)abiotic 无生命的，非生物的3)acidic 酸性的4)acquired resistance 获得抗病性5)acquired susceptibility 获得感病性6)actinomyces 放线菌7)active ingredient 有效成分8)agroecosystem 农业生态系统9)agronomic 农艺学的, 农事的10)amino acid 氨基酸11)analysis of covariance 协方差分析12)analysis of variance 方差分析13)anatomy 剖析, 解剖学14)anoxic 厌氧的15)anthesis 开花期，开花16)antibiotics 抗生素,17)antibody 抗体18)antigen 抗原19)antitumor 抗癌的20)apoplastic 非原质体的21)ascomycetes 子囊菌22)asexual 无性的23)avirulence 无毒性24)baccine 疫苗25)bacteria 细菌26)bactericides 杀细菌剂27)basidiomycetes 担子菌28)biomass 生物数量29)biosynthesis 生物合成30)biotroph 活体营养31)biotype 生物型32)blast 枯萎病33)blight 枯萎病，疫病34)botanical 植物学的35)causal agents 病原体36)causal organism 病原生物37)chlamydospore 厚垣孢子38)chlorophyll 叶绿素39)chlorothalonil (daconil) 百菌清40)chromosome 染色体41)coevolution 协同进化42)colonization 移植43)cultilar 栽培品种44)cytogenetics 细胞遗传学45)cytokinetic 细胞动力学的46)cytoplasm 细胞质47)deactivation 灭活作用48)degradation 退化49)derosal 多菌灵50)detection 检定51)detoxification 脱毒52)dextrose 葡萄糖53)diagnostic 诊断的54)diagnostics 诊断学55)diapause 滞育(昆虫生长的停滞期),间歇期56)dicots 双子叶的57)dicotyledon 双子叶植物58)disease-resistant cultivar 抗病品种59)dormancy 冬眠60)dose 剂量61)downy mildews 霜霉62)economic thresholds 经济阈值63)ectoparasite 皮外寄生物, 外寄生虫64)electrophoresis 电泳65)endoparasitic 内部寄生的66)enzyme 酶67)epidemiology 流行病学68)epiphytotics 植物流行病的，植物流行病69)evolutionary 进化70)fatal temperature 致死温度71)fauna 动物群, 动物区系, 动物志72)fermentation 发酵73)flagellum 鞭毛74)fungi 真菌75)fungicides 杀真菌剂76)genera 属77)genome 基因组,染色体组78)genome 基因组79)genomic library 基因组库80)genotype 基因型81)habitat 生境82)herbicide 除草剂83)hereditary 遗传的84)heterozygous 杂合的85)hormone 荷尔蒙,激素86)hybrid 杂交，杂种的87)hydrophilic 亲水的88)hydrophobic 疏水的89)hypersensitive 过敏的90)hypha 菌丝91)immunology 免疫学92)in vitro 体外93)in vivo 体内94)inbreeding 近亲交配95)induced mutation 诱导突变96)inducible 可诱导的，可导致的97)infection cycle 侵染循环98)infection processs 侵染过程99)infective 可侵染的，有传染性的100)inhibition zone 抑菌圈101)inoculate 接种，嫁接102)inoculum 接种体103)inorganic 无机的104)interferon 干扰素105)invasion 入侵106)invertebrate 无脊椎动物107)isotope 同位素108)larva 幼虫109)lethal dose 致死中量110)mammalian 哺乳动物111)matrix 矩阵112)metabolic 代谢作用的, 新陈代谢的113)metabolite 代谢物114)microbial 微生物的，由细菌引起的115)micronutrient 微量营养素116)microscopic 用显微镜可见的117)mildethane 托布津118)mildew 霉病119)mitochondria 线粒体120)mold 霉，霉菌121)molecular 分子的，由分子组成的122)monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体123)monocotyledonous 单子叶植物的124)morphology 形态学125)morphology 形态学126)mortality 死亡率127)mosaic 花叶128)multinucleate (细胞等)多核的129)mutant 突变异种130)mutation 突变131)mutualism 互惠共生132)mycelium 菌丝体(复数mycelia) 133)mycotoxin 真菌毒素134)necrotic 坏死的135)nematicide 杀线虫剂136)nematode 线虫137)normal saline 生理盐水138)oomycetes 卵菌139)oviposition 产卵140)parasite 寄生虫，食客141)parasitism 寄生142)parthenogenesis 单性生殖, 孤雌生殖143)passive resistance 被动抗性144)Pasteurization 巴氏灭菌法145)pathogenicity 病原性,致病性146)pathogens 病原体(物)147)pathology 病理学148)penetrate 渗透149)pesticide 杀虫剂150)pesticide residue 农药残留151)phenology 物候学152)phenotype 显型153)photosynthesis 光合作用154)phylogeny 系统学，系统发育155)phytocentric 植物群落156)phytocide 植物杀菌素157)phytohormone 植物生长素158)phytopathology 植物病理学159)phytotoxic 植物性毒素的160)pollination 传粉, 授粉(作用) 161)polyclonal antibody 双克隆抗体162)polygenic 多基因的163)polymorphism 多型现象164)postharvest 收割期后的165)potential host 潜伏寄主166)probe 探针167)proliferation 增殖168)propagule 繁殖体169)protist 原生生物170)protoplast 原生质体171)quarantine 检疫172)reciprocal 互惠的173)resistance 抗药性174)rodenticide 灭鼠剂175)root-knot nematode 根结线虫176)rotozoan 原生动物177)secretion 分泌，分泌物(液) 178)segregate 隔离179)sensitivety 敏感性180)serology 血清学181)silborne 土传的182)smut 黑粉病183)soilborne 土壤带有的,土壤传播的184)sporangium 孢子囊185)sporosorus 休眠孢子堆186)stochastic 随机的187)strains 菌株188)stripe 斑纹，条纹189)sublethal dose 亚致死中量190)sustainable agriculture 可持续农业191)symbiosis 共生关系192)symposia 座谈会, 评论集193)symptomology 症状学194)target 靶子，标的195)taxonomy 分类学（法）196)template 模板197)therapeutics 治疗学、疗法198)threshold 临界值199)toxicity 毒性的200)toxigenic 产毒的201)transgenic 转基因的202)tumor 瘤203)ultrastructural 超微的204)vaccine 疫苗205)vector 介体206)virion 病毒粒子207)virological 病毒学的208)virulence 毒力，毒性209)virus 病毒210)vivo 活泼的211)wilt 萎蔫病212)winter spore 越冬孢子213)zoospore 游动孢子。
生物学专业英语常用词汇
生物学专业英语常用词汇~SINICOO BIO WORDS~1, lipid ['lipid, 'laipid]n. 油脂；脂质2, photosynthetic [,f?ut?sin'θetik]adj. 光合的；光合作用的3, enzyme ['enzaim]n. 酶4, extracellular [,ekstr?'seljul?]adj. [生]（位于或发生于）细胞外的（副词extracellularly）5, cytosol ['sait?s?l]n. [生]胞液，细胞溶质6, detergent [di't?:d??nt]n. 清洁剂；去垢剂7, myristic [mi'ristik, mai-]adj. 肉豆蔻的8, myristic acid肉豆蔻酸；十四酸9, fluorescence [flu?'resns]n. 荧光；荧光性fluorescence: 荧光|萤光|光度Inherent fluorescence: 固有荧光delayed fluorescence: 延迟荧光|迟滞荧光|迟延荧光10, raftsn. 救生艇（raft的复数形式）；皮筏；竹排v. 乘筏；划筏（raft的三单形式）Rafts: 皮筏|木筏Life Rafts: 救生艇Lipid Rafts: 脂筏|脂质筏|脂质浮排11, numerical [nju:'merik?l]adj. 数字的；数值的；用数字表示的（等于numeric）12, trypsin ['tripsin]n. [生化]胰蛋白酶；胰岛素Trypsin: 胰蛋白酶|胰朊酶|胰蛋白insulin trypsin: 胰岛素Trypsin Crystallized: 释义：结晶胰蛋白酶[蛋白水解酶13, celiac disease[医]乳糜泻；脂泻病Celiac Disease: 乳糜泻|严重慢性腹泻症|麸质过敏症adult celiac disease: 释义：成人腹腔疾病|成人腹腔疾病refractory celiac disease: 难治性乳糜泻14, yeast [ji:st]n. 酵母；酵母片；泡沫；引起骚动因素15, detect [di'tekt]vt. 发现；察觉；探测16, halt [h?:lt]vi. 停止；踌躇，犹豫；立定n. 停止；立定；休息vt. 使停止；使立定17, convert [k?n'v?:t]vt. 使转变；转换…；使…改变信仰vi. 转变，变换；皈依；改变信仰n. 皈依者；改变宗教信仰者18, whereby [hwε?'bai]adv. 凭什么；靠那个19, amino [?'mi:n?u]adj. 氨基的n. 氨基20, peptidesn. 多肽类；缩氨酸21, dissolved gas溶解气体22, dissolvedadj. 溶解的；溶化的v. 使溶解；使溶化（dissolve的过去分词） 23, sap [s?p]n. 树液；活力；坑道；精力，元气vt. 使衰竭，使伤元气；挖掘以破坏基础 vi. 挖坑道24, endocrine ['end?ukrain, -krin]n. 激素；内分泌；内分泌物adj. 内分泌的；激素的25, pancreas ['p?nkri?s]n. 胰腺26, gland [ɡl?nd]n. [解]腺27, glucouseglucouse: 葡萄糖28, insulin ['insjulin, 'ins?-]n. 胰岛素29, regulate ['reɡjuleit]vt. 调节，规定；有系统的管理；控制；校准30, paracrine [,p?r?'krain]n. 旁分泌；副分泌；旁泌性31, diffuse [di'fju:s]adj. 散开的；弥漫的vt. 传播；扩散；漫射vi. 传播；四散32, mediator ['mi:dieit?]n. 调停者；传递者；中介物33, autocrine [?:t?ukrain]n. 自分泌，自泌34, proliferation [pr?u-,lif?'rei??n]n. [生]增殖，扩散；分芽繁殖35, neuronaladj. 神经元的36, axon ['?ks?n,-s?un]n. 轴索，轴突（神经细胞）37, synapse ['sain?ps, 'si-, si'n?ps]n. 突触38, spinal ['spain?l]adj. 脊骨的；脊髓的；脊柱的；尖刺的；针的n. 脊椎麻醉39, cord [k?:d]n. 束缚；绳索vt. 用绳子捆绑40, toe [t?u]n. 脚趾；足尖vt. 用脚尖走；以趾踏触vi. 动脚尖；用足尖跳舞41, neurotransmitter [,nju?r?utr?nz'mit?, -tr?ns-] n. [生]神经递质；神经传递素42, intimate ['intim?t]adj. 亲密的；私人的；精通的；[婉]有性关系的n. 至交；知己vt. 暗示；通知；宣布43, lodge [l?d?]n. 旅馆；门房；集会处；山林小屋vt. 提出；寄存；借住；嵌入vi. 寄宿；临时住宿44, plasma membrane质膜；浆膜（等于cell membrane）45, embryonic [,embri'?nik]adj. 胚胎的；似胚胎的46, adjacent [?'d?eis?nt]adj. 邻近的，毗连的47, akin [?'kin]adj. 同族的；同类的；类似的48, epithelial [,epi'θi:li?l]adj. [生]上皮的；皮膜的49, bind [baind]vi. 结合；装订；有约束力；过紧vt. 绑；约束；装订；包扎；凝固n. 捆绑；困境；讨厌的事情；植物的藤蔓50, mediate ['mi:dieit]vi. 调解；斡旋；居中vt. 调停；传达adj. 间接的；居间的51, fatty acid[化]脂肪酸52, disorder [dis'?:d?]n. 混乱；骚乱vt. 扰乱；使失调53, kinase ['kaineiz, 'ki-]n. 激酶；致活酶Kinase: 激酶|激酶??|致活酶thymidine kinase: 胸腺嘧啶核苷漱酶|胸苷激酶|胸[腺嘧啶脱氧核]苷激酶 Glucose kinase: 葡萄糖激酶54, trimeric [trai'merik]adj. 三聚物的55, circuit ['s?:kit]n. 电路，回路；环道；一圈；巡回vi. 环行vt. 绕回…环行56, ligand ['liɡ?nd, 'lai-]n. [化]配合基（向心配合价体）57, physiology [,fizi'?l?d?i]n. 生理学；生理机能58, hijacking ['haid??ki?]n. 劫持（hijack的现在分词）59, cholera ['k?l?r?]n. [医]霍乱60, ion ['ai?n]n. 离子ion: 离子|智能光网络|翼扬ion plating: 离子电镀|离子镀|离子镀敷descript ion: 品名61, stretch [[stret?]]n. 伸展，延伸adj. 可伸缩的vt. 伸展,张开vi. 伸展stretch: 伸展|拉伸|缩放reel stretch: 卷圆压平|卷...stretch receptor: 牵张感受器|伸展感受器|(肌肉的)牵张感受器62, hypertonic [,haip?'t?nik]adj. [化]高渗的；[医]张力亢进的hypertonic: 张力亢进的|高渗的|高张的，高渗的Hypertonic incoordinate: 高张性、不协调和延长的子宫收缩hypertonic gallbladder: 胆囊张力过强63, hypotonic [,haip?u't?nik]adj. [医]低渗的；张力减退的hypotonic: 低张的|低渗的|低渗hypotonic hypoxia: 低张性缺氧hypotonic duodenography: 低张力十二指肠造影术|低张十二指肠造影64, isotonic [,ais?u't?nik]adj. 等张的，等压的isotonic: 等渗的|等张的，等渗的|等分的isotonic contraction: 等张力性收缩|等张收缩：张力维持不变而使肌肉缩短或加长的肌肉收缩。
第七课 翻译
Characteristics of FungiThe approximately 175,000 species of fungi include some of the simplest multicellular organisms. Fungi have a variety of lifestyles. They may be saprobes that decompose dead organic matter; they may be parasites which obtain nutrients from living hosts; or they may live in symbiotic relationships with algae or with the roots of higher plants. In spite of these variations, however, all fungi carry out extracellular digestion: they secrete enzymes that digest organic matter, and then they absorb the resulting nutrients.大约175，000种真菌包括了一些极其简单的多细胞生物。
无论它们多么不一样，所有的真菌都进行细胞外消化：它们分泌酶来消化有机物，然后吸收由此产生的营养。
它们可以是分解死的有机物的腐生菌；也可以是从活的宿主获得营养的寄生者；或者它们可以和藻类或高等植物的根以共生的关系生活在一起。
Most fungi have the same basic body structure consisting of a main body or thallus composed of filaments called hyphae. In most species the walls of hyphal cells contain chitin. Hyphae in certain species may become specialized to form rhizoids, which serve as rootlike anchors, or they may become the feeding structures known as haustoria. Finally, hyphae may or may not be septate-having cross walls that segregate independent cells, each with at least one nucleus. Lower fungi are coenocytic; that is, they are one mass of cytoplasm that contains multiple nuclei.无论它们多么不一样，所有的真菌都进行细胞外消化：它们分泌酶来消化有机物，然后吸收由此产生的营养。
生物专业英语翻译
English for biology students translation Lesson6-9第六课A Home for Life: Formation of the Solar System and Planet EarthThe story of life's origins begins with the formation of the earth. The sequence of events that gave rise to our planet began, in turn, with the cosmic explosion physicists call the Big Bang. The sun at the center of our solar system condensed from a cloud of primordial matter roughly 5 billion years ago; the planets, including the earth, condensed about 4.6 billion years ago. The earth is composed of a number of layers: a solid crust, a semisolid mantle, and a largely molten (liquid) core that has a solid center. Basic physical features of Earth that may have made the emergence of life possible include the planet's size, temperature, composition, and distance from the sun. The major current hypothesis holds that life arose spontaneously on the early earth by means of chemical evolution from nonliving substances.生命起源于地球的形成。
生物工程专业英语单词
胆固醇
chloesterol
双倍体
diploid
质粒
plasmid
白灵药
panacea
常染色体
autosomal chromosomes
性染色体
sex chromosome
红细胞
red blood cell
生殖细胞
germ cell
端粒
telomere
转化 transformation 插入
adding
脂质
lipid
葡萄糖
glucose
消化液
digestive fluids
上皮的
epithelial
折叠
fold
核苷,核苷酸 nucleotide
核糖 酶
细胞核 小分子 大分子 细胞学 亲水的 疏水的 聚合物
分子 功能 二糖 半乳糖 分泌
转换 多肽 围绕
ribose
糖
sugar
enzyme
溶酶体
lysosome
capsid
合成，混 合
compound
耕种
tillage
成熟
maturation
标识，标 签
label
造假
adulteration
基因差异表达 differential gene expression
副作用
adverse/side effect
计划生育
birth control
水土流失
soil erosion
Adenine
氨基酸
amino acid
杂种
mule
Thymine
简并性
degenerate
小麦
生物学专业英语词汇（H）
生物学专业英语词汇(H)h+ pomp 质子泵habit 习性habitat 栖所habitat indicators 栖所指示habitat isolation 生态隔离habitat niche 生境生态位habituation 习惯化habitus 体质haeckel's law 生物发生律haem 血红素haem oxygenase 血红素加氧酶haem synthetase 血红素合成酶haemacytometer 血细胞计数器haemacytozoon 血原虫haemadsorption 血球吸附haemagglutination 血细胞凝集haemagglutinin 血球凝集素haemagglutinogen 血球凝集素原haemal arch 脉弓haemanalysis 血分析haematin 正铁血红素haematoblast 成血细胞haematochrome 血色素haematocoel 血窦haematocrit 血细胞容量计haematocytoblast 成血细胞haematogenous pigment 血原色素haematology 血液学haematolysis 溶血haematoncometry 血量测定haematopexin 血液结合素haematopoiesis 血生成haematopoietic organ 生血瀑haematoporphyrin 血卟啉haematoxylin 苏木紫haematuria 血尿haeme synthetase 血红素合成酶haemin 氯化血红素haemochrome 血色素haemochromogen 血色原haemocoel 血腔haemocoele 血腔haemocyanin 血蓝蛋白haemocyte 血球haemocytoblast 成血细胞haemodialysis 血液透析haemodromometer 血临度计haemoglobin 血红蛋白haemoglobin anomaly 血红蛋白异常haemoglobin catabolism 血红朊分解haemoglobin variant 血红蛋白变异体haemoglobinometer 血色素计haemoglobinuria 血红蛋白尿haemogram 血像haemolymph 血林巴haemolysin 溶血素haemolysis 溶血haemolytic antibody 溶血性抗体haemolytic plaque assay 溶血斑点测定haemolytic streptococcus 溶血性链球菌haemopexis 血凝固haemophage 噬血吞噬细胞haemophagocyte 噬血吞噬细胞haemophilic bacterium 嗜血菌haemopoiesis 血生成haemoprotein 血红素蛋白haemorheology 血液龄学haemorrhage 出血haemostasis 止血haemotoxin 血毒素hail 霰hail damage 雹害hail injury 雹害hair 毛hair bulb 毛球hair bundle 毛束hair feather 毛状羽hair follicle 毛囊hair mould 毛霉hair muscle 立毛肌hair papilla 毛乳头hair root 毛根hair sac 毛囊hair shaft 毛干hair vortex 毛涡hair whirl 毛涡hairy 具毛被的half antigen 半抗原half chiasma 半交叉half chromatid 半染色单体half chromosome 半染色体half compound grain 半复粒half desert 半沙漠half embryo 半胚half life period 半衰期half maximum reaction rate 半最高反应速率half mutant 半突变种half race 半族half shrub 半灌木half sibs 半同胞half spindle 半纺锤体half value period 半衰期halide 卤化物haliplanktom 海洋浮游生物hallachrome 黑拉虫色素halo lipid 环状脂类halo tolerant 耐盐的halobiont 盐生生物halogen 卤素halogenation 卤化halogenide 卤化物halophilic bacterium 嗜盐菌halophilism 喜盐性halophilous plants 盐土植物halophytes 盐土植物haloplankton 海洋浮游生物halosere 盐生演替系列haloserie 盐生演替系列haltere 平衡棒hamburger phenomenon 汉伯格现象hand 手hanging drop 悬滴hanging drop culture 悬滴培养haplobiont 单相世代生物haploid 单倍体haploid embryogenesis 单倍体胚发生haploid gamete 单倍体配子haploid parthenogenesis 单倍单性生殖haploid phase 单倍期haploid plant 单相世代植物haploidization 单倍化haploidy 单倍性haplont 单体生物haplophase 单倍期haplopolyploid 单倍多倍体haplosis 减半酌haplospore 单倍体孢子haptene 半抗原haptenic protection 半抗原防护hapteron 附着器菌所haptic stimutus 接触刺激haptoglobin 结合珠蛋白haptonasty 倾触性haptotaxis 钎性haptotropism 向触性hard leaved 硬叶的hard leaved forest 硬叶林hard palate 硬腭hard pulse 硬脉hard roe 鱼卵hard seed 硬皮种hard water 硬水hardening 硬化hardwood 硬材hardwood forest 硬木林hardy weinberg law 哈迪温伯格定律hardy weinberg's law 哈迪温伯格定律hare 野兔harem 一雄多雌动物harmful insect 害虫harmlessness 无害性harmonious equipotential system 低等能系harmulness 伤害性harvest 收获harvest influctuation 收获量摇动harvest mouse 巢鼠harvest time 收获期harvesting 收获harvesting time 收获期hatchability 孵化率hatcher 孵化场hatching 孵卵hatching enzyme 孵化酶hatching power 孵化能力haulm 空心秆haulm strength 茎强度haunch 股haustellum 吸管haustorium 吸根haversian system 哈弗氏系统hawfinch 锡嘴雀hawk moth 天蛾hay 干草head 头;头状花序head cavity 头腔head fold 头褶head form 头型head gut 前肠head kidney 前肾head nystagmus 头振颤head organizer 头部组织者head process 头突head shield 头盾headache 头痛health 健康health food 健康食品heamatid 红血球heaped together 聚生的heaped up 聚生的hearing acuity 听敏度hearing organ 听觉器听器heart 心脏heart beat 心搏heart disease 心脏病heart muscle 心肌heart sound 心音heart valve 心瓣heart wood 心材heat 发情heat cycle 发情周期heat damage 热被害heat denaturation 热变性heat injury 热被害heat interval 发情间隔heat labile antibody 热不稳定抗体heat of reaction 反应热heat period 发情期heat production 热产生heat regulating center 体温第中枢heat regulator 热第器heat resistance 耐热性heat resistance enzyme 耐热酶heat shock 热休克heat shock protein 热休克蛋白质heat stable enzyme 耐热酶heat stable protein 热稳定蛋白质heat sterilization 热灭菌heat treatment 热处理heath 荒野heath forest 石南林heating 加热heavy atom method 重原子法heavy chain h chain 重链heavy hydrogen 重氢heavy metal 重金属heavy metal contamination 重金属污染heavy rain 大雨heavy soil 粘重土heavy water 重水hectocotylization 化茎现象hectocotylized arm 交接腕hectocotylus 交接腕hedge 书hedgehog 刺猬heifer 小牝牛height 身长height class 高等级heleoplankton 池沼浮游生物helical conformation 螺旋构象helical content 螺旋含量helical structure 螺旋结构helical tracheid 螺纹管胞helicoid cyme 螺状聚伞花序helicospore 卷旋孢子heliophilic 好光性heliophilous 好光性heliophobes 避阳植物heliophyll 阳叶heliophytes 阳生植物heliotaxis 钦性heliotropism 向日性helix 螺旋helix coil transition 螺线卷曲转变helix structure 螺旋结构helix termination 螺旋终止helminth 蠕虫helminthiasis 蠕虫病helminthology 蠕虫学helminthosis 蠕虫病helophytes 沼生植物helotism 滞共生help cell 助细胞helper 辅助病毒helper plasmid 辅助质体hemacytometer 血球计数器血球计hemadosorption 血球吸附hematimeter 血球计数器血球计hematin 正铁血红素hematoblast 成血细胞hematochrome 血色素hematococoel 血窦hematocrit 血细胞容量计hematocrite 血细胞容量计hematocyte 血球hematocytolysis 溶血hematocytometer 血球计数器血球计hematoglobin 血红蛋白hematogone 成血细胞hematoidin 胆红素hematology 血液学hematolysis 溶血hematopexin 血液结合素hematopexis 血凝固hematoxylin 苏木紫hematuria 血尿heme 血红素hemelytron 半鞘翅hemelytrum 半鞘翅hemiascus 半子囊hemiatrophy 单侧面萎缩hemibasidium 半担子hemibranchia 半鳃hemicellulose 半纤维素hemicephalous larva 半头型幼虫hemicerebrum 大脑半球hemichordates 半睡物类hemicryptophyte 地面芽植物hemidesmosome 半桥粒hemielytron 半鞘翅hemielytrum 半鞘翅hemiepiphyte 半附生植物hemikaryon 单倍核hemimetabola 不全变态类hemimetaboly 半变态hemin 氯化血红素hemiparasite 半奇生体hemiparasites 半寄生物hemipelagic sediment 半远洋性沉积物hemisphere 半球hemizygote 半合子hemizygous gene 半合子基因hemoblast 成血细胞hemochrome 血色素hemochromogen 血色原hemoconia 血尘hemocyanin 血蓝蛋白hemocyte 血球hemocytometer 血球计数器血球计hemodialysis 血液透析hemodromometer 血临度计hemoglobin 血红蛋白hemoglobin degradation 血红朊分解hemolymph 血林巴hemolysin 溶血素hemolysis 溶血hemolytic antibody 溶血性抗体hemolytic streptococcus 溶血性链球菌hemometer 血色素计hemopexis 血凝固hemophage 噬血吞噬细胞hemophilic bacterium 嗜血菌hemorheology 血液龄学hemorrhage 出血hemostasis 止血hemotoxin 血毒素hemp 麻hemprotein 血红素蛋白hen 雌鸡henhouse 养鸡场hennery 养鸡场hens'egg 鸡蛋hensen's node 原结heparan sulfate 硫酸乙酰肝素heparin 肝素hepatic 肝的hepatic carcinoma 肝癌hepatic cell 肝细胞hepatic duct 肝管hepatic lobule 肝小叶hepatic portal system 肝门静脉系hepatic vein 肝门静脉hepatitis 肝炎hepatitis b vaccine b 型肝炎疫苗hepatocyte growth factor 肝细胞生长因子hepatoduodenal ligament 肝十二指肠韧带hepatogenic reflex 肝原性反射hepatoma 肝癌hepatopancreas 肝胰腺heptaploid 七倍体heptose 庚糖herb 草herbaceous layer 草本层herbaceous vegetation 草本植被herbage 草地herbal bed 草本苗圃herbalism 本草学herbarium 植物标本室herbicide 除莠剂herbicide residues 除草剂残留物herbicide resistant weed 抵抗除草剂杂草herbicide tolerance 除草剂耐性herbivore 草食动物herbivorous animal 草食动物herborization 植物采集hercogamy 自花不育herd 畜群herd book 家畜血统书herd book animal 登记动物herd's grass 牧草herding instinct 群居本能hereditability 可遗传性hereditary 遗传的hereditary change 遗传性变更hereditary character 遗传性状hereditary defect 遗传缺陷hereditary disease 遗传病hereditary factor 基因hereditary property 遗传特性hereditary trait 遗传性状hereditary unit 遗传单位heredity 遗传heredity grade 遗传度heritability 可遗传性heritable 遗传的heritable change 遗传性变更heritable variation 遗传变异hermaphrodite 两性体hermaphrodite duct 两性管hermaphrodite flower 两性花hermaphroditic gland 两性生殖腺hermaphroditism 两性畸形herpes virus 疱疹病毒herpetology 爬虫学herring 鲱hertzian wave 电磁波hervivorous 食草的heteroalleles 异等位基因heteroantibody 异种抗体heteroauxin 吲哚 3 乙酸heterobasidium 有隔担子heterocarpous 异形果的heterocaryon 异核体heterocaryosis 异核现象heterochromatin 异染色质heterochromatism 异状变色heterochromatization 异染色质化heterochromatosis 异色性heterochromia 异色性heterochromosome 异染色体heterochronia 异时性heterochrony 异时性heterocyst 异形细胞heterodimer 异质二聚体heterodonty 异齿性heteroduplex dna 异源双链 dna heteroecism 转帜生heteroenzyme 异型酶heterofermentation 异型发酵heterofermentative bacterium 异型发酵细菌heterogamete 异形配子heterogametic sex 异配性别heterogamy 异配生殖heterogeneity 异质性heterogeneous 异种的heterogeneous nuclear rna 异质核 rna heterogenesis 突变发生heterogenetic antigen 异种抗原heterogenetic induction 异质诱导heterogenic 异种的heterogenic inductor 异质诱导体heterogenote 杂基因子heterogeny 异型有性世代交替heterogony 异型生殖heterograft 异种移植片heterogynic 异雌的heterogynous 异雌的heterohaemagglutinin 异种血凝素heterohaemolysin 异种溶血素heteroimmunity 异种免疫heterokaryon 异核体heterokaryosis 异核现象heterokinesis 异形分裂heterolactic fermentation 混乳酸发酵heterologous antigen 异种抗原heterolysin 异种溶解素heterolysis 异种溶解heteromerous flower 异数花heterometabola 不全变态类heterometaboly 不全变态heterometamorphism 不全变态性heteromixis 异源融合heteromorphic chromosome 异形对染色体heteromorphic incompatibility 异态不亲和heteromorphic nucleus 异形核heteromorphism 异态现象heteromorphosis 异形化heteronomous metamere 异规分节heteronomous segment 异规分节heterophile antigen 嗜异抗原heterophyll 异形叶heterophytic 异养植物的heteroplasia 组织异生heteroplastic graft 异种移植片heteroplasty 异种移植heteroploid 异倍体heteroploidy 异倍性heteropolar bond 异极键heteropolysaccharide 杂多糖类heteropycnosis 异固缩heteropyknosis 异固缩heterosexuality 异性融合heterosis 杂种优势heterosomal 异染色体的heterosomal aberration 异染色体间畸变heterosome 异染色体heterospore 异形孢子heterosporic 异形孢子的heterosporous 异形孢子的heterospory 孢子异型heterostylism 异形花柱性heterostyly 异形花柱性heterothallic 异宗配合的heterothallism 异宗配合heterothally 异宗配合heterothermy 变温性heterotic vigor 杂种优势heterotransplant 异种移植片heterotransplantation 异质移植heterotroph 异养生物heterotropheous plants 他营性植物heterotrophia 营养异常性heterotrophic bacterium 异养菌heterotrophism 异养性heterotrophy 营养异常性heterotype 异形heterotypic division 异型分裂heterozygosis 异型接合性heterozygosity 异型接合性heterozygote 异形接合体heterozygotic 杂合的heterozygotic breeding 异型接合体育种heterozygous 杂合的hexagonal capsomer 六角形依壳体hexagynous 六雌蕊的hexapeopoda 昆虫类hexapetalous 六瓣的hexaploid 六倍体hexiology 个体生态学hexokinase 己糖激酶hexosamine 氨基己酸hexosan 己聚糖hexose 己糖hexose phosphate shunt 磷酸己糖支路hfr 高频重组hfr donor hfr 高频重组供体hiatus 裂隙hibernacle 冬芽hibernaculum 冬芽hibernating egg 越冬卵hibernating organ 冬眠瀑hibernation 冬眠hibernator 冬眠动物hide 兽皮hierarchical control mechanism 等级控制机构hierarchical mechanism 等级控制机构hierarchy of instincts 本能等级结构high atmospheric pressure 高气压high blood pressure 高血压high frequency recombination 高频重组high frequency transduction 高频转导high moor 高位沼泽high mountain steppe 高山草甸high performance animal 高产性动物high producing animal 高产性动物higher animal 高等动物higher bile acid 高级胆汁酸higher fungi 高等真菌higher nervous activity 高级神经活动higher plant 高等植物highland 山地highly repetitive sequence 高度重复序列highly selected breed 高度选择品种hill 小山hill coefficient 希尔系数hill country 丘陵地带hill fire 森林火灾hill reaction 希尔反应hillock 小山hilly country 丘陵地带hilum 种脐hilum of the lung 肺门hind brain 后脑hind gut 后肠hind intestine 后肠hind kidney 后肾hind leg 后肢hind wing 后翅hinge 铰;铰合hip bone 骨hip girdle 腰带hip joint 关节hippo 河马hippology 马学hippopotamus 河马hippuric acid 马尿酸hippuricase 马尿酸酶hirudin 水蛭素histaminase 组胺酶histamine 组胺histic 组织的histidine 组氨酸histidine decarboxylase 组氨酸脱羧基酶histiocyte 组织细胞histo differentiation 组织分化histochemical method 组织化学法histochemistry 组织化学histocompatibility 组织适合性histocompatibility antigen 组织适合性抗原histocompatibility gene 组织适合性基因histocytology 组织细胞学histodifferentiation 组织分化histoembryology 组织胚胎学histoenzymology 组织酶学histogen 组织原histogenesis 组织发生histogenetics 组织遗传学histogeny 组织发生histogram 直方图histohaematin 组织色素histoincompatibility 组织不适合性histoincompatibility gene 组织不相容性基因histological section 组织切片histology 组织学histolysis 组织溶解histomorphology 组织形态学histone 组蛋白histone octamer 组蛋白八聚体histopathology 组织病理学histophysics 组织物理学histophysiology 组织生理学historadioautography 组织放射自显影术historadiography 组织放射自显影术history 婪history of vegetation 植被史histotechnology 组织工艺学hit theory 靶理论hive 蜂箱hla 人白细扁抗原hla genes hla 基因hoarfrost 白霜hock 膝holandric gene 全雄基因holandric inheritance 限雄遗传holantarctic region 全南极区holarctic floral kingdom 全北极植物界holarctic region 全北极区holdfast root 附着根hollow 凹地hollow organ 中空瀑hollow spindle 中空纺锤体holobasidium 全担子holoblastic 全裂的holoblastic cleavage 全裂holoblastic division 全裂holocarpic 整体产果的holocarpous 整体产果的holocellulose 全纤维素holocene 全新世holocene epoch 全新世holocrine gland 全泌腺holoenzyme 全酶hologamete 全配偶子hologamous 有全配子的hologamy 整体配合hologynic character 限雌遗传性状hologynic inheritance 限雌遗传holometabola 全变态类holometabolism 全变态holometaboly 全变态holometamorphosis 全变态holomorphosis 完全再生holoparasite 全寄生物holopelagic plankton 终生浮游生物holophytic nutrition 全植物营养holoplankton 终生浮游生物holothuroidea 海参类holotype 全型holozoic nutrition 全动物营养home range 正常行动区域homeohydric plant 恒水性植物homeology 同源性homeosis 同源异形homeostasis 恒定性homeostat 恒定体homeostatic 恒定性的homeosynapsis 同型联会homeotherm 恒温动物homeotic mutation 同源转化突变homeotypic division 均等分裂homing ability 归巢本能homing instinct 归巢本能hominids 人科homo agglutinin 血球凝集素homoalleles 同质等位基因homobasidium 无隔担子homobrachial chromosome 等臂染色体homocaryon 同核体homochromatography 同系层析法homochromy 同色homocopolymer 同质共聚合体homocysteine 同型胱氨酸homodont 同形齿的homoeokinesis 均等分裂homoeology 同源性homoeopathy 同种疗法homoeosis 同源异形homoeostasis 恒定性homoeostat 恒定体homofermentation 同型发酵homogamete 同形配子homogamous flower 同性花homogamy 雌雄同熟homogenate 均浆homogeneity 均匀性homogeneous 同种的homogenesis 同型生殖homogenetic 纯一发生的homogenization 匀化homogenizer 匀浆器匀化器homogenote 同质基因结合体homogenous catalysis 均一催化酌homogenous system 均一系homogentisic acid 高龙胆酸homogeny 同构发生homograft 同种移植物homoimmune phage 同源免疫噬菌体homoiogenetic induction 同质诱导homoiosmotic animal 等渗压性动物homoiothermal animal 恒温动物homokaryon 同核体homokaryosis 同核现象homolactic fermentation 单纯乳酸发酵homolecithal egg 均黄卵homologous chromosomes 同源染色体homologous duplex 同源双螺旋homologous gene 同源基因homologous protein 同种蛋白质homologous region 同源区homologous sequence 同源序列homologous series 同源系列homologue 同源物homology 同源homomeric gene 同义同子性基因homomerous flower 同数花homomerozygote 同型部分接合子homomery 同义因子性homometabola 相同变态类homometabolism 同形变态性homometaboly 同变态homomixis 同核融合homomorphism 同型现象homomorphosis 形态相同homonomous metamere 同规分节homonomous segment 同规分节homonomy 同规homonym 异物同名homophytic 同型二配体的homoplastic graft 同种移植物homoplasty 同种移植homoploidy 同倍性homopolymer sequence 同聚物序列homopolynucleotide 同聚核苷酸homoptera 同翅类homopterans 同翅类homosexuality 同性融合homospecific antibody 同质专一性抗体homospore 同形孢子homospory 孢子同型homostyly 花柱同长homosynapsis 同型联会homothallic 同宗配合的homothallism 同宗配合homotransplant 同种移植物homotransplantation 同种移植homotype 同型homotypic division 同型分裂homotypy 同形性homozygosis 纯合性homozygosity 纯合性homozygote 纯合子honebee 蜜蜂honeostic mutation 同原转化突变honey 蜂蜜honey ant 蜜蚁honey comb 网胃honey dew 甘露honey gland 蜜腺honey plant 蜜源植物honeycomb 蜜房hood 菌帽hoof 蹄hoofed animals 有蹄类hook 钩hook worm 钩虫hooked hair 钩毛hop 啤酒花hop growing 忽布种植业horde 移动群hordenine 大麦芽碱horizon 水平线horizontal cell 水平细胞horizontal distribution 水平分布horizontal evolution 水平进化horizontal migration 水平移动horizontal shell 假缘膜horizontal stratification 水平分层hormogone 连锁体hormogonium 连锁体hormonal action 激素酌hormonal balance 激素平衡hormonal equilibrium 激素平衡hormonal regulation 激素控制hormone 激素hormone action 激素酌hormone receptor 激素受体hormone type herbicide 激素型除草剂hormone weedkiller 激素型除草剂hormonogenesis 激素生成hormonogenic 激素生成的hormonopoesis 激素生成hormonotherapy 激素治疗horn 角horned animal 有角动物horny layer 角质层horny plate 角质板horny scale 角质鳞horny structure 角质结构物horny tooth 角质牙horotelic evolution 中速进化horotely 中速进化horse 马horse bean 蚕豆horse breeding 养马horse husbandry 养马horseradish 辣根horseradish peroxidase 辣根过氧物酶horseshoe kidney 马蹄形肾脏horsetails 楔叶类horticultural science 园艺学horticulturist 园艺家host 宿主寄主host alternation 宿只替host bacterium 细菌宿主host cell 宿指胞host controlled modification 奇重制修饰host dependent restriction 寄掷赖性限制host induced modification 奇重制修饰host organism 寄助物host parasite interaction 客重系host parasite relationship 客重系host plant 寄植物host range 寄侄围host species 寄种host specificity 宿重异性host spectrum 寄肿host strain 寄助株host virus system 寄植《鞠调hostility 敌对行为hot point 温点hot spot 温点hot spring 温泉hotbed 温床house fly 家蝇house fungus 家菌house mouse 小家鼠house swallow 家燕hue 色彩human ecology 人类生态学human engineering 人体工程学human genetics 人类遗传学human leucocyte antigen 人白细扁抗原human palaeontology 古人类学humerus 上膊骨humic acid 胡敏酸humic substance 腐殖质humid biotope 有湿生物小区humid weight 湿重humid zone 有湿气地带humidity 湿度humidity deficit 湿度不足humification 腐殖化humin 胡敏素humor 体液humoral correlation 体液相关humoral pathology 体液病理学humoral theory 体液说humoral transmission 体液传递humorism 体液病理学hump 瘤humus 腐殖质humus balance 腐殖质平衡humus carbonate soil 黑色石灰土humus content 腐殖质含量humus fertilizing 腐植质施肥humus layer 腐殖层humus soil 腐殖土hunger drive 饥饿冲动hunt 嵩huntington's chorea 亨廷顿氏舞蹈病hurricane 大旋风husk 外皮hyaline 透秘hyaline cartilage 透庙骨hyaline membrane 透盲hyaline substance 透鸣质hyaloplasm 透檬hyalospore 淡色无隔孢子hyaluronic acid 透檬酸hyaluronidase 透檬酸酶hybrid 杂种hybrid clone 杂种克隆hybrid corn 杂种玉蜀黍hybrid incapacitation 杂种不育性hybrid lethality 杂种致死现象hybrid molecule 杂种分子hybrid plant 杂种植物hybrid population 杂种群hybrid pullet 杂种牝鸡hybrid rice 杂种稻hybrid sterility 杂种不育性hybrid vigour 杂种优势hybrid zone 杂交地带hybrid zygote 杂种合子hybridism 杂种性hybridity 杂种性hybridization 杂交hybridization effect 杂交效应hybridoma 杂交瘤细胞hydathodal cell 吐水细胞hydathodal hair 吐水毛hydathode 排水孔hydatid 泡hydnology 食菌学hydranth 水螅体hydrase 水化酶hydratase 水化酶hydrate 水合物hydration 水化hydraulic conductivity 水力传导性hydrazinolysis 肼解hydrobacteriology 水生细菌学hydrobiological 水生生物学的hydrobiology 水生生物学hydrobiose 积水生物hydrocarbon 含水碳hydrocarbon chain 烃链hydrochloric acid 盐酸hydrochore 水布植物hydrochorous plant 水布植物hydrochory 水媒传布hydroclimate 水面气候hydrocoel 水系腔hydrocoles 水生动物hydrocortisone 氢化可的松hydroculture 溶液培养hydroecology 水文生态学hydrogel 水凝胶hydrogen 氢hydrogen acceptor 氢受体hydrogen bacterium 氢细菌hydrogen bond 氢键hydrogen bridge 氢桥hydrogen donor 氢供体hydrogen ion concentration 氢离子浓度hydrogen ion exponent 氢离子指数hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢hydrogen transport system 氢传递系hydrogenase 氢化酶hydrogenation 氢化酌hydrogenosome 氢化酶颗粒hydroid polyp 螅体hydrolase 水解酶hydrological cycle 水循环hydrolysate 水解产物hydrolyse 水解hydrolysis 水解hydrolytic 水解的hydrolytic enzyme 水解酶hydromedusa 水螅水母类hydromel 蜂蜜水hydromorphic soil 水成土hydronasty 感水性hydrophilia 亲水性hydrophilic amino acid 亲水氨基酸hydrophily 水媒hydrophobic amino acid 疏水氨基酸hydrophobic pocket 疏水袋hydrophobicity 疏水性hydrophyte 水生植物hydropolyp 螅体hydroponics 溶液培养hydrops 水肿hydroquinone 氢醌hydrosere 水生演替系列hydroseries 水生演替系列hydrosol 胶质溶液hydrosphere 水圈hydrostatic skeleton 铃静力骨架hydrotaxis 钱性hydrotheca 水螅鞘hydrotropisms 向水性hydroxide 氢氧化物hydroxyapatite 羟磷灰石层析hydroxyl group 羟基hydroxylamine 羟氨hydroxylase 羟化酶hydroxylation 羟化酌hydroxyproline 羟基脯氨酸hydrozoa 水螅类hydrozoans 水螅类hydrula 螅状子hygiene 卫生学hygrocole 湿生动物hygrocoles 湿生动物hygrometer 湿度计hygrometry 湿度测定法hygronasty 感湿性hygrophilous animals 湿生动物hygrophilous plant 喜湿植物hygrophyte 喜湿植物hygroscopic movement 吸湿运动hygroscopic water 吸湿水hygroscopicity 吸湿性hymenium 子实层hymenomycetes 层菌类hymenophore 子层体hymenoptera 膜翅类hymenopterans 膜翅类hyoid arch 舌骨弓hyoid bone 舌骨hyomandibular 舌颌骨hypanthium 萼筒hypanthodium 隐头花序hypemia 贫血hyperacidity 胃酸过多hyperchromatism 色素过多hyperchromatosis 色素过多hyperchromic effect 增色效应hyperchromicity 增色现象hypergene 超基因的hyperglycemic factor 血糖过多激素hyperglycemic hormone 血糖过多激素hyperhaploid 超单倍体hyperimmunity 超免疫hyperinfection 重复传染hyperkinesia 运动增强hyperkinesis 运动增强hypermetaboly 复变态hypermetamorphosis 复变态hypermetropia 远视hypermicroscope 超显微镜hypermorph allel 高等位基因hypermorphosis 过度生长hyperparasite 重寄生物hyperparasitism 过寄生hyperplasia 增生hyperploid 超数体hyperploidy 超倍性hyperpnea 呼吸增强hyperpnoea 呼吸增强hyperpolarization 超极化hyperreflexia 反射亢进hypersecretion 分泌过多hypersensitivity 过敏性hypertelia 过速进化hypertely 过速进化hypertensin 高血压朊hypertensinase 血管紧张素酶hypertensinogen 高压素原hypertension 高血压hyperthermophile 超嗜热菌hypertonia 过度紧张hypertonic solution 高渗溶液hypertonicity 过度紧张hypertrophy 肥大hypertypic regeneration 过度再生hypesthesia 感觉不全hypha 菌丝hyphalmyroplankton 半咸水浮游生物hyphomycetes 丝状菌类hyphopodium 菌足hyphostoma 菌丝体hypnosis 催眠hypnospore 休眠孢子hypnotic 催眠剂hypoacity 酸过少hypobasidium 下担子hypoblast 下胚层hypobranchial gland 鳃下腺hypobranchial groove 鳃下沟hypocapnia 碳酸过少hypochile 下唇hypochord 底索hypochromic effect 减色效应hypocoelom 脏腔hypocotyl 胚轴hypoderm 皮下组织hypodermic impregnation 皮下受胎hypodermic injection 皮下注射hypodermis 下皮组织hypoesthesia 感觉不全hypofunction 机能减退hypogastrium 腹下部hypogenesis 发育史不全hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经hypoglycemia 血糖过少hypogonadism 性腺机能减退hypogynous 下位的hypogyny 下位式hypohemia 贫血hypokinesia 运动减退hypokinesis 运动减退hypolastic development 发育不全hypolimnion 湖下层hypomicron 亚微粒hypomorph 亚等位基因hyponasty 偏下性hyponome 漏斗hypopharynx 下咽部hypophyllous 叶背生的hypophyseal hormone 垂体激素hypophyseal portal system 垂体门静脉系hypophyseal stalk 垂体茎hypophysial hormone 垂体激素hypophysial stalk 垂体茎hypophysin 垂体后叶激素hypophysis 脑下垂体hypoplasia 发育不全hypoplasy 发育不全hypopleura 下后侧板hypopleuron 下后侧板hypoploid 亚数体hypoploidy 亚倍性hyposensitization 脱敏酌hypostasis 下位hypostasy 下位hypostatic gene 下位基因hypostoma 垂唇;下口板hypothalamo hypophysial system 下丘脑垂体系hypothalamo hypophysical neurosecretory system 下丘脑垂体神经分泌系hypothalamus 丘脑下部hypothallus 囊基膜hypothecium 子囊下层hypothermy 体温过低hypothesis 假说hypotonia 张力减退hypotonic contraction 低渗性收缩hypotonic expansion 低渗膨胀hypotonic solution 低渗溶液hypotony 张力减退hypotrophy 营养不良hypotypic regeneration 过少再生hypoxanthine 次黄质hypsometer 测高计hypsophyll 高出叶hysterectomy 子宫切除术hysteresis 滞后现象hysteretic enzyme 滞后型酶。
微生物学英汉词汇
微生物学英汉词汇6-aminopenicillanic acid 6-氨基青霉烷酸adeno associated virus 腺伴随病毒agaricinic acid 蘑菇酸ambrosia fungi 虫道真菌Ames test 埃姆斯试验anaerobic chamber 厌氧培养室archaebacteria 古细菌archetista 古始生物界ascosporulation 子囊孢子形成asymbiotic nitrogen fixation 非共生固氮作用attenuatio 减毒作用autotrophic succession 自养演替axenic cultivation 纯性培养axenic culture 纯性培养物base-plate hub [噬菌体]基片插孔basidiospore 担孢子beef extract 牛肉膏biochemical medium 生化培养基biovar 生物变型cell line 细胞系clamp cell 锁状细胞cleistocarp 闭囊果coccus 球菌co-cultivation 协同培养commensalism 偏利共栖compensative eyepiece 补偿目镜complex symmetry 复合对称conditional lethal 条件致死conditional mutant 条件突变株continuous fermentation 连续发酵cord factor 索状因子corynebacteria 棒状菌cover glass 盖玻片culture transfering 移种dark-field 暗视野deep colony 深层菌落Differential interference contrast microscope, DICM [分辨]干涉差显微镜diphtheria toxin 白喉毒素diplococcus 双球菌discocarp 盘状子囊果drug susceptibility 药物敏感性dry heat sterilization 干热灭菌early genes [病毒]早期基因efficiency of plating 成斑效率enriched medium 滋养培养基enterovirus 肠道病毒epibasidium 上担子erythrogenic toxin 红斑毒素extreme bacteria 极端细菌fermentation capacity 发酵[能]力Fernbach flask 冯巴赫瓶fiber antigen [噬菌体]尾丝抗原food poisoning 食物中毒fractional cultivation 分部培养[法] germ-free animal 无菌动物germ-free plant 无菌植物Gram-positive bacteria 革兰氏阳性菌hanging drop method 悬滴法heat fixation 热固定hemagglutination inhibition 血凝抑制heterocyst 异形[囊]胞hexonmer,hexons [病毒]六邻体H-O variation H-O 变异homobasidium 同担子hydrogen sulfide production test 硫化氢试验hydrogenogens 产氢菌hymenium 子实层hyphal body 虫菌体immune adherence hemagglutination assay, IAHA免疫粘连血凝测定in vitro 体外inclusion body 包含体India-ink capsule staining 墨汁荚膜染色indole test 吲哚试验infectious dose 50%, ID 50 半感染剂量initial body [衣原体]始体inoculating needle 接种针inoculation hood 接种箱invert microscope 倒置显微镜isolation medium 分离培养基Koester's stain 柯斯特染料Lancefield's streptococcalgrouping test蓝氏链球菌分群试验leghaemoglobin 豆血红蛋白Leifson's flagella staining 赖夫松鞭毛染色lipopolysaccharides 脂多糖类Loeffler's methylene blue 吕氏甲烯蓝log phase 对数期Lugol's iodine solution 鲁戈氏碘液lysis inhibition [噬菌体]裂解阻抑lysogenic bacteria 溶原性细菌main fermentation 主发酵mesophilic bacteria 中温菌methanochondria 甲烷粒体microbial sensor 微生物传感器microbiology 微生物学microcyst 微包囊monotricha 单鞭毛菌mucoid colony 粘液型菌落muramic acid 胞壁酸mycoderm, pellicle [菌]醭negative strand 负链neurovirulence 神经毒力nitrogen fixation 固氮作用normal flora 正常菌群nutrient broth 营养肉汤O antigen 菌体抗原oil immersion objective 油浸物镜oligodynamic action 微[量]动[力]作用oomycetes 卵菌organotrophic bacteria 有机营养菌paleomicrobiology 古微生物学pantropic virus 泛嗜性病毒pathotype 致病型pentomer,pentons [病毒]五邻体peplomerbody 包膜突起perfringocin 产气荚膜梭菌素periplasmic space 壁膜间隙petroleum microbiology 石油微生物学phase contrast microscope 相差显微镜phenol coefficient 石炭酸系数phenotypic mixing 表型混杂photoheterotrophic bacteria 光能异养菌phycocyanobilin 藻蓝胆素phyllospheric microorganism 叶际微生物pilot protein [噬菌体]先导蛋白plate 平板plate streaking 平板划线pock assay 痘疱试验primary succession 原生演替prodigiosus toxin 灵菌毒素protophyte 原生植物prototunicate ascus 原囊壁子囊purple membrane 紫膜replica plating 影印培养法resistance factor 抗药因子resolving power 分辨率resting cell 静息细胞rhizospheric microorganism 根际微生物rod 杆菌rust fungi 锈菌satellite virus 卫星病毒secondary succession 次生演替seta 刚毛shallow tray fermentation 浅盘发酵sheathed bacteria 鞘细菌single cell protein, SCP 单细胞蛋白singly embedded virus 单粒包埋型病毒slime layer 粘液层smooth type 光滑型smut fungi 黑粉菌spreading factor 扩散因子stab culture 穿刺培养物stationary phase 稳定期stroma 子座tail fiber [噬菌体]尾丝thermal death point 热[致]死点thermophilric bacteria 耐热细菌tissue culture 组织培养top fermentation 上面发酵trichome [细菌]毛状体Triphenyl tetrazolium chloridemethod, TTCM氯化三苯基四氮唑法tuberculin unit, TU 结核菌素单位uredostage 夏孢子期vaccinetherapy, vaccinotherapy 菌苗疗法valinomycin, aminomycin 缬氨霉素veterinary microbiology 兽医微生物学X factor X 因子X-body X体yeast like colony 类酵母型菌落α-inhibitor[流感病毒]α抑制物] auxanography 生长谱测定[法]50% lethal dose, LD 50 半数致死量50% tissue culture infective dose, TCID 50 半数组织培养感染量7-aminocephalosporinic acid 7-氨基头孢菌酸abjunction [孢子]切落ablastin 抑殖素abortin 流产菌素abstriction [孢子]缢断acervulus 分生孢子盘acetification 醋化作用acetogen 产乙酸菌achromatic lens 消色差透镜acid-fast staining 抗酸细菌染色法acidification 酸化作用acidophilic bacteria 嗜酸菌aclacinomycin 阿克拉霉素acrospore 顶生孢子actidione, cycloheximide 放线酮actinomycetes 放线菌actinomycin 放线菌素activated sludge 活性污泥active dry yeast 活性干酵母adenovirus 腺病毒adhesin 粘附素adriamycin 阿霉素aeciospore 锈孢子aecium 锈子器aerial mycelium 气生菌丝体aerobe 需氧菌aerobic cultivation 需氧培养aerobic respiration 需氧呼吸aerobiosis 需氧生活aerogen 产气菌aerotaxis 趋氧性aerotorelant bacteria 耐氧菌aethalium 粘菌体aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素agar 琼脂agar plate 琼脂平板agar slant 琼脂斜面agarfitine 伞菌氨酸agaricin 蘑菇素aggressin 攻击素aggressivity 攻击力aging 陈酿化agricultural microbiology 农业微生物学agrobacteriocin 土壤杆菌素akinete 静息孢子Albert's staining 阿氏染色aleuriospore 侧生孢子algocyan, leucocyan 藻蓝素allantospore 腊肠形孢子allelopathic substances 异株克生物质allelopathy 异种克生[现象] allophycocyanin 别藻蓝素ambutyrosin 氨丁苷菌素amensalism 偏害共栖American Type CultureCollection, ATCC美国模式培养物保藏所amerospore 无隔孢子ammonification 氨化作用amphitrichate 两端单[鞭]毛菌amphitrophy 兼性营养amphotericin 两性霉素amylo process 阿明露法anaerobe 厌氧菌anaerobic cultivation 厌氧培养anaerobic digestion 厌氧消化anaerobic respiration 厌氧呼吸anaerobiosis 厌氧生活anaerogen 不产气菌anamorph 无性型anastomosis [菌丝]融合androgamete 雄配子androgenesis 雄核发育androphore 雄器柄androspore 产雄器孢子annellospore 环痕孢子annulus 菌环anoxyphotobacteria 无氧光细菌ansamitocin 安丝菌素antagonism 拮抗作用anthelmycin 抗蠕霉素antheridium 雄器antibacterial agent 抗菌剂antibiotic 抗生素antibiotic spectrum 抗生谱antidiphtheric serum 抗白喉血清antifoam agent 消泡剂antifungal agent 抗真菌剂antigenic drift 抗原性漂移antigenic shift 抗原性转变antilysin 抗溶[菌]素antimetabolites 抗代谢物antimicrobial agent 抗微生物剂antimycin 抗霉素antisepsis 防腐antiseptic 防腐剂antiserum 抗血清antitoxin 抗毒素apex [噬菌体]顶体apical capsomere [噬菌体]顶部壳粒apicle 顶体aplasmomycin 除疟霉素apochromatic lens 全消色差透镜apogamy 无配生殖apomixis 无融合生殖apophysis 囊托apothecium 子囊盘appendage [菌体]附器apramycin 阿泊拉霉素aquatic microbiology 水生微生物学arbovirus 虫媒病毒Arnold steam sterilizor 流通蒸汽灭菌器arthroconidium 节分生孢子arthrospore 节孢子ascocarp 子囊果ascogenous hypha 产囊丝ascogonium 产囊体ascomycetes 子囊菌ascospore 子囊孢子ascostroma 子囊座ascus 子囊aseptic technique 无菌操作aspergillin 曲霉菌素aspertoxin 曲霉毒素asporogenous yeasts 无孢子酵母菌assembly [病毒]装配assimilation 同化作用associated virus 伴随病毒attenuated strain 减毒株autoclave 高压灭菌器autoclaving 高压灭菌autoinoculation 自身接种autolysin 自溶素autolysis 自溶[现象] automatic airlock 自动气锁autotrophic bacteria 自养菌autotrophy 自养autovaccine 自身疫苗autovaccine 自身菌苗auxanogram 生长谱auxotroph 营养缺陷型avermectin 除虫菌素axial filament 轴丝azotogen 固氮菌剂azygospore 拟接合孢子azygote 单性合子bacitracin 杆菌肽bacteremia 菌血症bacteria 细菌bacterial colony counter 菌落计数器bacterial vaccine 菌苗bacterial virulence 细菌毒力bactericide 杀细菌剂bactericidin 杀[细]菌素bacteriochlorophyll [细]菌[叶]绿素bacteriocin 细菌素bacterioerythrin 菌红素bacteriofluorescein 细菌荧光素bacteriology 细菌学bacteriolysis 溶菌作用bacteriolytic reaction 溶[细]菌反应bacteriophage 噬菌体bacteriophage typing 噬菌体分型bacteriophagology 噬菌体学bacteriopurpurin 菌紫素bacteriorhodopsin [细菌]紫膜质bacteriosome 细菌小体bacteriostasis 抑菌作用bacteriostat 抑菌剂bacteriotoxin 细菌毒素bacteriotropin 亲菌素bacteroid 类菌体ballistospore 掷孢子barophilic bacteria 嗜压菌base-plate fibril [噬菌体]基片丝base-plate wedge [噬菌体]基片楔突basic medium 基础培养基basidiocarp 担子果basidiomycetes 担子菌basidiophore 担子体basidium 担子batch cultivation 分批培养batch fermentation [罐]批发酵BCG vaccine 卡介苗bean sprouts medium 豆芽汁培养基beef broth 牛肉汁bicyclomycin 双环霉素binary fission 二分分裂binocular microscope 双目显微镜bioassay 生物测定bioconversion 生物转化biogas 沼气biological control 生物防治biological products 生物制品biomass 生物量biomass 生物质biosphere 生物圈biotype 生物型biphasic cultivation 双相培养bipolar staining 两极染色bitunicate ascus 双囊壁子囊blasticidin 杀稻瘟素blastoconidium 芽分生孢子blastospore 芽生孢子bleomycin 博来霉素blind passage 盲传blooms 水华bottom fermentation 下面发酵bottom yeast 下面酵母bran koji 麸曲brewing 酿造brewing technique 酿造技术bright field microscope 明视野显微镜broth cultivation 肉汤培养broth culture 肉汤培养物brucellin 布氏菌素budding 芽殖burst size [噬菌体]裂解量butirosin, butyrosin 丁苷菌素candicidin 杀假丝菌素candle jar 烛罐capillitium 孢丝capreomycin, capromycin 卷曲霉素capsid [病毒]壳体capsomer, capsomere [病毒]壳粒capsule 荚膜carbol fuchsin 石炭酸品红carbon balance 碳平衡carboxydotrophic bacteria 一氧化碳营养菌carminomycin 洋红霉素carotenoids 类葫萝卜素carrier 带[病]毒者carrier 带菌者carrier phage 载体噬菌体carriomycin 腐霉素casamino acids[水解]酪蛋白氨基酸caulobacteria 柄细菌cedar oil 香柏油celesticetin 天青菌素cell strain 细胞株cellulase 纤维素酶central spore 中生芽孢centrum 壳心cephalosporin 头孢菌素cephalotricha 单端丛[鞭]毛菌chemoautotrophic bacteria 化能自养菌chemoautotrophy 化能自养chemoheterotrophic bacteria 化能异养菌chemolithotrophic bacteria 化能无机营养菌chemolithotrophy 化能无机营养chemoorganotrophic bacteria 化能有机营养菌chemoorganotrophy 化能有机营养chemostat 恒化器chemotaxis 趋化性chemotherapy 化学疗法chemotrophy 化能营养chemotropism 向化性chemotype 化学型chemovar 化学变型China Committee for CultureCollection of Microorganisms,中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会CCCCMChinese Society forMicrobiology, CSM 中国微生物学会chlamydia 衣原体chlamydospore 厚壁孢子chloromycetin, chloramphenicol 氯霉素chloroteracycline, aureomycin 金霉素chromatophore 载色体chromogenic bacteria 产色细菌chromomycin 色霉素chuangxinmycin 创新霉素Chu-inhibitor ,β－inhibitor [流感病毒]朱氏抑制物chytrid 壶菌cirrus 孢子角clamp connection 锁状联合clavulanic acid 棒酸cleistothecium 闭囊壳climax community 顶极群落clindamycin 氯林肯霉素clitocybine 杯伞素clone 克隆closed growth system 封闭生长系统cluster 聚簇clypeus 盾状体coagulase 凝固酶coagulase factor 凝固酶因子coccobacillus 球杆菌cococarde 半透明型突变噬斑coenocyte 多核细胞coenogamete 多核配子coenosporangium 多核孢子囊coenospore 多核孢子coenozygote 多核合子coenzyme M 辅酶Mco-immobilization 共固定化作用colicin, colicine 大肠菌素colicinogenic factor 大肠杆菌素生成因子coliform group 大肠菌类coli-index 大肠[杆]菌指数colistin 粘菌素colititre 大肠[杆]菌值collar [噬菌体]颈部collarette 囊领colony 菌落colony forming units, CFU 菌落形成单位columella 囊轴combined vaccine 联合疫苗companions 伴生种compatibility 相容性competence 感受态competition 兢争[共栖] complementation 互补complete medium 完全培养基concatemer [噬菌体]串联体concave slide 凹玻片conditioned pathogen 条件致病菌conidiocarp 分生孢子果conidiophore 分生孢子梗conidium 分生孢子conjugate division [噬菌体]接合分裂conjugation 接合[作用] connector [噬菌体]颈圈consortium 聚生体constriction 缢缩[作用] contaminant 污染物contamination 污染continuous cultivation 连续培养continuous sterilization 连续灭菌cooked meat medium 庖肉培养基coprinin 鬼伞菌素cordycepin 蛹虫草菌素core [噬菌体]髓部core 核心coremium 菌丝束cortex [芽孢]皮层cortinellin 香菇菌素cosmid 粘粒counterstaining 对染[法]critical killing dilution 临界杀菌浓度cross reactivation 交叉复活cryopreservation 深低温保藏[法]cryptic prophage 隐性前噬菌体cryptobiosis 隐生现象cubical symmetry 立体对称cultivation 培养culture 培养物culture flask 培养瓶cup fungi 盘菌curing [噬菌体]自愈cyanobacteria 蓝细菌cyanophycin 藻青素cyanophycin granule 藻青素颗粒cycloserine 环丝氨酸cyclosporin 环孢菌素cylinder plate method 杯碟法cystidium 囊状体cytochalasin 松胞菌素cytomycin 胞霉素cytopathic effect, CPE 致细胞病变[效应] cytoplasmic polyhedrosisvirus,CPV 质型多角体病毒Daqu (massive raw stater foralcholic liquor) 大曲dark-field microscope 暗视野显微镜dark-field microscopy 暗视野显微术daughter colony 子菌落daunomycin 道诺霉素decline phase 衰亡期decomposer 分解者defective interfering particle 干扰缺损颗粒defective mutant [病毒]缺损突变株defective virus 缺损病毒defined medium 确定成分培养基dehydrated medium 干燥培养基denitrification 反硝化作用denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌densovirus,DNV 浓核病毒dermatonecrotoxin 皮肤坏死毒素destomycin 越霉素deterioration 生物致劣determinative bacteriology 鉴定细菌学diagnostic microbiology 诊断微生物学dialysis cultivation 透析培养diary microbiology 乳品微生物学diauxie growth curve 双峰生长曲线dictyospore 砖格孢子didymospore 双胞孢子differential medium 鉴别培养基differential staining 鉴别染色法dilution method 稀释法dilution-plate method 稀释平板分离法dimorphic fungi 双态性真菌dimorphism 双态现象dipicolinic acid, DPA 2,6-吡啶二羧酸diplobacillus 双杆菌disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection 消毒dispore 双孢担孢子dissimilation 异化作用distamycin 偏端霉素donor 供体dormancy 休眠doubling time 倍增时间drug resistant gene 抗药基因drug resistant strain 抗药性菌株drug-resistance 抗药性Durham's fermentation tub 杜氏发酵管dwarf colony 侏儒型菌落dysbacteriosis 菌群失调early protein [病毒]早期蛋白eburicoic acid 齿孔酸ECHO virus 艾柯病毒eclipse period 隐蔽期ectendomycorrhiza 内外生菌根ectomycorrhiza 外生菌根ectothrix 毛外癣菌elater 弹丝electron microscope 电[子显微]镜elementary body 原[生小]体EMB agar 伊红甲烯蓝琼脂endobasidium 内生担子endoconidium 内分生孢子endogenenous variable 内源变量endogenous virus 内源病毒endomycorrhiza 内生菌根Endo's medium 远藤培养基endospore 内生孢子endosymbiosis 内共生endothrix 毛内癣菌endotoxin 内毒素enrichment medium 富集培养基enterococcin 肠球菌素enterotoxin 肠毒素entomogenous fungi 虫生真菌entomopathogen 昆虫病原微生物entomopox virus, EPV 昆虫痘病毒envelope antigen [病毒]包膜抗原envelope antigen [细菌]包被抗原envelope, peplos 包膜epidermolytic toxin 表皮溶解毒素epithecium 囊层被erythromycin 红霉素esterastin 抑酯酶素etiology 病原学eubacteria 真细菌eukaryote 真核生物eurythermal microorganism 广温微生物euvirus 真病毒everninomicin 扁枝衣霉素exfoliative toxin 剥脱性毒素exine 外壁exitine 芽孢外膜exospore 外生孢子exosporium [孢子]外壁exotoxin 外毒素exponential growth 指数生长extracellular enzyme 胞外酶factor 420 420 因子facultative anaerobe 兼性厌氧菌fastidious microorganism 苛求菌favic chandelier mycelium 黄癣菌丝feed back inhibition 反馈抑制fermentability 可发酵性fermentation 发酵fermenter 发酵罐fermicutes 硬壁[细]菌类fertility factor 致育因子Feulgen staining 富尔根染色fibrinolysin 溶纤维蛋白溶酶filamentous type colony 丝状型菌落filtration sterilization 过滤除菌fimbrium [噬菌体]伞毛fixed virus [狂犬病]固定毒flagellar antigen 鞭毛抗原flagellar basal body 鞭毛基体flagellin 鞭毛蛋白flagellum 鞭毛flat sour bacteria 平罐酸败菌flat-sour spoilage 平[罐]酸败flax retting 亚麻浸渍flora 菌群flora 区系fluorescence microscop 荧光显微镜food microbiology 食品微生物学foot cell 足细胞foot cell 脚胞forespore 前芽孢formycin 间型霉素fortimicin 健霉素fosfomycin, phosphonomycin 磷霉素foulbrood [蜜蜂]幼虫腐臭病fragmentation 断裂French cell press 弗氏[细胞]压碎器fruiting body 子实体fungi 真菌fungistat 抑真菌剂funiculus 菌丝索fusarinic acid 镰孢菌酸fuseau 顶生厚壁孢子gametangial copulation 配囊交配gametangium 配子囊gamete 配子gametocyte 配子母细胞gas vacuole 气泡GC values GC值gelatine liquefication 明胶液化gene cluster 基因簇gene transfer 基因转移general microbilogy 普通微生物学genetic transformation 遗传转化genotype 基因型gentamicin 艮他霉素geosmins [放线菌]土臭味素germ pore 芽孔germ slit 芽缝germ tube 芽管germicides 杀菌剂ghost 菌蜕giant colony 巨大菌落gleba 产孢体gliding 滑行gliding bacteria 滑行细菌gliotoxin 胶霉毒素glucose effect 葡萄糖效应glycocalyx 多糖包被gnotobiology 悉生生物学gnotobiote 悉生生物gonidium 微生子gougerotin 谷氏菌素gracilicutes 薄壁[细]菌类gradient plate 梯度平板Gram staining 革兰氏染色gramicidin 短杆菌肽Gram-negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性菌granule 颗粒体granulin 颗粒体蛋白granulose 细菌淀粉粒granulosis virus, GV 颗粒体症病毒grisein 灰霉素griseofulvin 灰黄霉素growth factor 生长因子Guarnieri's bodies 顾氏小体haemolysis 溶血[作用]halophilic bacteria 嗜盐菌hamathecium 囊间丝HBcAg乙型肝炎核心抗原HBeAg 乙型肝炎e抗原HBsAg 乙型肝炎表面抗原head [噬菌体]头部helical symmetry 螺旋对称helicospore 卷旋孢子helper virus 辅助病毒hemadsorption, HD 血细胞吸附hemagglutination, HA 血细胞凝集hemagglutinin 血凝素hemibasidium 半担子hemolysin 溶血素hemolytic test 溶血试验herbicidin 除莠菌素herbimycin 除莠霉素heterobasidium 隔担子heterofermentation 异型发酵heterofermentative lactic bacteria 异型发酵乳酸菌heterogamete 异形配子heterogamy 异配生殖heterology 异源性heterothallism 异宗配合heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌heterotrophic potential 异养潜能heterotrophic succession 异养演替heterotrophy 异养heterozygosis 杂合[现象] heterozygote 异形合子high frequency of recombination,Hfr 高频重组high power objective 高倍物镜holdfast 固着器holobasidium无隔担子holomorph 全型holomycin 全霉素homoacetogenic bacteria 同型[产]乙酸细菌homofermentation 同型发酵homofermentative lactic bacteria 同型发酵乳酸菌homoimmune phage 同源免疫噬菌体homology 同源性homothallism 同宗配合hormogonium [蓝细菌]连锁体host range mutant 宿主范围突变株hyaluronidase 透明质酸酶hydrogenotrophic bacteria 氢营养菌hydrogen-producing acetogenicbacteria 产氢产乙酸细菌hygromycin 潮霉素hymenophore 子实层体hypha 菌丝hyphal fragment 菌丝段hypholytic action 溶菌丝作用hyphopodium 附着枝hypnosporangium 休眠孢子囊hypnospore 休眠孢子hypobasidium 下担子hypogeal fungi 地下真菌hypostroma 下子座hypothallus 囊基膜hypothecium 囊层基hysterothecium 缝裂壳icosahedral symmetry 二十面体对称icosahedron capsid 二十面[体]壳体identification 鉴定idiotroph 特需营养要求型ilamycin 岛霉素immobilized cell 固定化细胞imperfect fungi 半知菌IMViC tes 吲哚、甲基红、V-P、柠檬酸试验in situ cultivation 原位培养in vivo 体内incineration 烧灼灭菌inclusion granule 内含颗粒incubator 培养箱indicator 指示菌indigenous flora 土著菌群indigenous flora 土著区系induced variation 诱发变异inducible phage [可]诱导噬菌体indusium 菌裙industrial microbiology 工业微生物学infection 侵染infection 感染infection 传染infectious center 侵染中心infectious center 感染中心infective dose, ID 侵染剂量infective dose, ID 感染剂量infectivity 侵染性infectivity 感染性inoculating loop 接种环inoculation, inoculating, inoculate 接种inoculum 接种物inoperculatae 无囊盖类interference 干扰[现象] interferon 干扰素International Union of Microbiological Societies, IUMS 国际微生物学会联合会interspecies H transfer 种间分子氢转移intestinal bacteria 肠道细菌intine 芽孢内膜intracellular enzym 胞内酶invasiveness 侵袭力involution form 衰老型irido virus 虹彩病毒iron bacteria 铁细菌isogametangium 同形配子囊isogamete 同形配子isogamy 同配生殖isolation 分离isospore 同形孢子istamycin 天神霉素ive bacterial vaccine 活菌苗ivermectin 双氢除虫菌素josamycin 交沙霉素kanamycin 卡那霉素kasugamycin 春日霉素killer particle 致死颗粒koji 日本酒曲kojic acid 曲酸Kolle flask 克氏瓶Kolmer test 科氏试验Kovac's oxidase reagent 柯氏Kovac's reagent 柯氏试剂lag phase 延滞期lambda particles phage λ噬菌体lapinization 兔化法lapinized virus 兔化毒late culture 平板培养物late genes [病毒]晚期基因late protein [病毒]晚期蛋白latent virus 潜伏病毒lawn 菌苔leaky mutant 渗漏突变体lens 透镜lepromin 麻风菌素leucocidin 杀白细胞素leucolysin 白细胞溶素leucomycin 柱晶白霉素L-form of bacterium 细菌L-型lincomycin 林可霉素liquid koji 液体曲liquid medium 液体培养基liquid nitrogen cryopreservation 液氮保藏[法] liquid state fermentation 液态发酵lithotrophic bacteria 无机营养菌litmus milk 石蕊牛奶live vaccine 活疫苗locule 子囊腔Loeffler's serum medium 吕氏血清培养基lophotricha 丛[鞭]毛菌low power objective 低倍物镜low virulent strain 弱毒株luminous bacteria 发光细菌lyophilization 冻干[保藏]法lysogenesis 溶原现象lysogenic conversion 溶原性转换lysogenization 溶原化lysogeny 溶原性lysostaphin 溶葡萄球菌素lysozyme 溶菌酶lytic cycle 裂解周期Macchiavello's staining 麦氏[立克次氏体]染色MacConkey medium 麦氏培养基macroconidium 大分生孢子magnification 放大率malachite green solution 孔雀石绿溶液mallein test [马]鼻疽菌素试验malt wort 麦芽汁Mandler filter 曼德勒尔滤器manual airlock 手动气锁marine microbiology 海洋微生物学mash 醪液matachromatic granules 异染粒mating type 交配型maytenin 美登素meat extract 肉膏medical microbiology 医学微生物学medium 培养基membrane filter 薄膜滤器mendosicutes 疵壁[细]菌类merosporangium 柱孢子囊mesosome 间体mesotrophy 半自养metabiosis 代谢共栖methanogen 产甲烷菌methanogenesis 产甲烷[作用] methyl red test 甲基红试验methylene blue reduction test 甲烯蓝还原试验methylotrophic bacteria 甲基营养菌methylotrophy 甲基营养methymycin 酒霉素metulae 梗基microaerobe 微需氧菌microbial biochemistry 微生物生物化学microbial ecology 微生物生态学microbial ecosystem 微生物生态系统microbial genetics 微生物遗传学microbial leaching 微生物浸矿microbial pesticide 微生物杀虫剂microbial physiology 微生物生理学microbial taxonomy 微生物分类学microbody 微体microcapsule 微荚膜microconidium 小分生孢子microflora 微生物区系micromanipulation 显微操作micromanipulator 显微操作器micronutrient 微量营养microorganism 微生物microscope 显微镜microscope condenser 显微镜集光器microscopic examination 镜检microscopic Widal agglutination test 显微肥达氏凝集试验millipore filter 微孔滤器minimal infecting dose, MID 最小感染量minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC 最小抑菌浓度minimal lethal dose, MLD 最小致死量mithramycin 光神霉素mitomycin 丝裂霉素mixed cultivation 混合培养mixed culture 混合培养物mold, mould 霉菌mollicutes 柔膜细菌monensin 莫能菌素monomorphism 单形现象monster [噬菌体]畸形体morphotype 形态型morphovar 形态变型most probable number method,MPNM 最大机率法most probable number, MPN 最大机率数multicomponent virus 多分体病毒multiple embedded virus 多粒包埋型病毒multiple fission 复分裂muscarine 毒蝇碱mushrooms 蘑菇mutagen 诱变剂mutagenesis 诱变mutant 突变体mutation 突变mutualism 互利共栖mycelianamide 菌丝酰胺mycelium 菌丝体mycelium pellet 菌丝球mycetism 真菌中毒mycetosome 含菌细胞mycocide 杀真菌剂mycolic acid 分枝菌酸mycology 真菌学mycomycin 菌霉素mycophage 真菌噬菌体mycophenolic acid 霉酚酸mycorrhiza 菌根mycorrhizal fungi 菌根真菌mycotoxin 真菌毒素mycovirus 真菌病毒mydecamycin, midecamycin 麦迪霉素mykol 真菌醇myxospore 粘孢子naked virion 裸露病毒[粒]体natural medium 天然培养基nebramycin 暗霉素necroparsite 致坏死寄生物necrosis virus 坏死病毒negative staining 负染[色法] Negri's body 内氏小体neomycin 新霉素netropsin 纺锤菌素neuraminidase 神经氨酸酶neurotoxicity 神经毒性neurotoxin 神经毒素neutralism 无关共栖neutralization tes 中和试验nitragin 根瘤菌剂nitrate reduction test 硝酸盐还原试验nitrification 硝化作用nitrobacteria 硝化细菌nitrogen balance 氮平衡nitrogen fixing bacteria 固氮细菌nocardin 诺卡菌素nodular mycelium 结节状菌丝nonseptate hypha 无隔菌丝novobiocin 新生霉素nuclear polyhedrosis virus, NPV 核型多角体病毒nucleocapsid 核壳nucleoid 类核numerical taxonomy 数值分类法nutrient agar 营养琼脂nystatin 制霉菌素objective 物镜obligate anaerobe 专性厌氧菌ochratoxin 赭曲毒素ocular 目镜ocular micrometer 目镜测微计O-D variation [流感病毒]O-D相变异oidiophore 粉孢子梗oidium 粉孢子old culture 老培养物old tuberculin, OT 旧结核菌素oleandomycin 竹桃霉素oligonitrophilic bacteria 微嗜氮菌oligotrophic bacteria 贫[营]养细菌oncovirus 肿瘤病毒one step growth 一步生长[曲线] oogamete 卵配子oogonium 藏卵器ooplasm 卵质oosphere 卵球oospore 卵孢子open fermentation 敞口发酵open growth system 开放生长系统operon 操纵子ophiobollin 蛇孢菌素opportunistic pathogen 机会致病菌osmophilic bacteria 嗜高渗细菌ostiole 孔口Oxford cup 牛津杯oxidase test 氧化酶试验oxygen requirement 需氧量oxyphotobacteria 生氧光细菌oxytropism 向氧性paraphysis 侧丝paraphysoid 类侧丝parasexuality 准性生殖parasitism 寄生parasporal crystal 伴胞晶体paromomycin 巴龙霉素passenger virus 过客病毒Pasteur effect 巴氏效应pasteurization 巴氏消毒法pathogen 病原体pathogenicity 致病性pathovar 致病变型patulin 展青霉素pectinafe mycelium 梳状菌丝pectinase 果胶酶pellicle 菌膜penetration [病毒]侵入penicillic acid 青霉酸penicillin 青霉素penicillinase 青霉素酶penicillus 帚状枝peptidoglycan 肽聚糖peptone [蛋白]胨peptone-yeast extract-glucose medium [蛋白]胨酵母膏葡萄糖培养基perfect fungi 完全真菌peridium 包被periphysis 周丝periphysoid 类周丝periplasmic flagella 周质鞭毛perithecium 子囊壳peritricha 周[鞭]毛菌permease 通透酶pesticin 鼠疫菌素Petri dish 培养皿Pfeiffer's phenomenon 费氏[溶菌]现象phagetype 噬菌体型phagevar 噬菌体变型phalloidin 鬼笔[毒]环肽phasmid 噬粒phenotype 表型phialide 瓶梗phialospore 瓶梗孢子phosphorus balance 磷平衡photo-assimilation 光同化作用photoautotrophic bacteria 光能自养菌photoautotrophy 光能自养photolithotrophic bacteria 光能无机营养菌photolithotrophy 光能无机营养photoorganotrophic bacteria 光能有机营养菌photoorganotrophy 光能有机营养photoreactivation 光复活作用photosynthetic bacteria 光合作用细菌phototaxis 趋光性phototrophic bacteria 光养菌phototrophy 光营养phototropism 向光性phragmobasidium 有隔担子phragmospore 多隔孢子phycobilin 藻胆素phycobiliprotein 藻胆蛋白phycobilisome 藻胆蛋白体phycocyanin 藻青蛋白phycoerythrin 藻红蛋白phycoerythrobilin 藻红[胆]素phycophage 噬藻体phytocidin 植物杀菌素phytotoxin 毒植物素pileus 菌盖pilin 菌毛蛋白pilus 菌毛planozygote 游动合子plaque 噬斑plaque 蚀斑plaque forming unit,PFU 蚀斑形成单位plaque mutants 噬斑突变株plasmid 质粒plasmid incompatibility 质粒不相容性plate cultivation 平板培养plating 平板接种pneumolysin肺炎[链]球菌溶血素pneumotoxin 肺炎球菌毒素poisonous mushroom 毒蘑菇polyauxotroph 多重营养缺陷型polyhead [噬菌体]聚合头部polyhedrin 多角体蛋白polyhedron 多角体polyhedrosis virus 多角体病毒polymorphism 多态[现象]polymorphism 多形现象polymyxin 多粘菌素polyoxin 多氧菌素polysheath [噬菌体]聚合尾鞘polysilicate plate 聚硅酸盐平板polyvalent bacterial vaccine 多价菌苗polyvalent vaccine 多价疫苗poly-β-hydroxy butyrate 聚β羟基丁酸盐pontaneous generation, abiogenesis 自然发生说，无生源说pooled typing serum 混合分型血清porospore 孔出孢子positive strand 正链potato dextrose agar, PDA 马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂pour plate method 倾注培养predacious fungi 捕食真菌predation 捕食作用preprophage 前原噬菌体primary culture 原始培养物primary fermentation 前发酵primary invader 原发性感染原prodigiosin 灵菌红素productive infection[噬菌体]生产性感染progametangium 原配子囊progamete 原配子progenote 始祖生物prokaryote 原核生物promotor 启动子prophage 原噬菌体prosporangium 原孢子囊protein envelope 蛋白质包膜protista 原生生物protistology 原生生物学protobasidium 原担子protocooperation 初级合作protoplast 原生质体protoplast fusion 原生质体融合protoplast regeneration 原生质体再生prototroph 原养型prototrophic bacteria 原养菌protozoan 原生动物protozoology 原生动物学provirus 原病毒pseudomycelium 假菌丝体pseudoparaphysis 拟侧丝pseudopeptidoglycan 假肽聚糖pseudoperidium 拟包被pseudoseptum 假隔膜pseudotype virus 假型病毒pseudovirion 假病毒体psychrophilic bacteria 嗜冷[细]菌pure cultivation 纯培养pure culture 纯培养物purification 纯化purified protein derivative, PPD 纯化蛋白衍生物purple nonsulfur bacteria 紫色无硫细菌putrefaction 腐败pycnidiospore 器孢子pycnidium 分生孢子器pycniospore [锈菌]性孢子pycnium [锈菌]性孢子器pycnosclerotium 器菌核pyocyanin 绿脓[菌]素pyocyanolysin 绿脓杆菌溶血素pyofluorescein 绿脓菌荧光素pyrenomycetes 核菌pyrogen 致热原Qu(raw starter) 曲quellung test 荚膜膨胀试验racquet mycelium 球拍状菌丝体receptor destroying enzyme, RDE 受体破坏酶recipient 受体recombinant 重组体recombination 重组recon 重组子redistribution 重分配reinoculation 再接种replication 复制replication of virus 病毒复制replicative cycle 复制周期replicon 复制子reproductive mycelium 生殖菌丝体resistance determining factor 耐药[性决定]因子resistance transfer factor, RTF 耐药性转移因子restricted transduction 局限转导retro virus 逆[转]录病毒retting 沤麻revaccination 疫苗再接种reverse transcriptase 逆[转]录酶revistin 制反转录酶素rhizopin 根霉促进素rhizopterin 根霉蝶呤rhodopseudomonacin 红假单胞菌素ribostamycin, vistamycin 核糖霉素rickettsia 立克次氏体rifamycin 利福霉素rimocidin 龟裂杀菌素ring chromosome 环状染色体ristocetin 瑞斯托菌素rolling tube cultivation 滚管培养法rolling tube technique 滚管技术root nodule 根瘤root nodule bacteria 根瘤细菌rosamicin 蔷薇霉素rough colony 粗糙型菌落rough type 粗糙型rubidomycin 红比霉素rust disease 锈病Sabouraud's dextrose agar 沙氏葡萄糖琼脂sacchariferous agents 糖化剂saccharification 糖化作用sagamicin 相模霉素salinomycin 盐霉素Salmonella-Shigella agar,S.S.agar 沙门-志贺氏琼脂saprophytic bacteria 腐生菌saprophytic nutrition 腐生营养saprophytism 腐生现象sarcina 八叠球菌sarkomycin 肉瘤霉素satellitism 卫星现象scanning electron microscope,SEM 扫描电[子显微]镜schizogenesis 裂殖schizophyte 裂殖植物sclerotium 菌核scolecospore 线形孢子scotobacteria 暗细菌secondary colony 次生菌落secondary fermentation 后发酵secondary invader 继发性感染原secondary mycelium 次生菌丝体secter mutation 扇形突变seeding tank 种子罐seeding yeast 酒母Seitz filter 赛氏[细菌]滤器selective medium 选择性培养基semicontinuous fermentation半连续[型]发酵semisolid medium 半固体培养基semisynthetic medium 半合成培养基sensitized bacteria 敏化细菌septate hypha 有隔菌丝septum 隔膜serological identification 血清学鉴定serological specificity 血清学特异性serotype 血清型serovar 血清变型sex factor 性因子sex pilus 性丝shake cultivation 摇合培养shake cultivation 振荡培养sheath 鞘siastatin 制唾酸酶素siderophilic bacteria 嗜铁菌silage 青贮饲料sisomicin 紫苏霉素slant cultivation 斜面培养slant culture 斜面培养物slide 载玻片slide cultivation 玻片培养slide culture 玻片培养物slime bacteria 粘细菌slime mold, slime mould 粘菌slow virus 慢病毒smear 涂片smooth colony 光滑型菌落smut disease 黑粉病soil microbiology 土壤微生物学solid medium 固体培养基solid state fermentation 固态发酵specific growth rate 比生长速率specific pathogen free animals,SPFA 无特定病原动物spectinomycin, actinospectacin 壮观霉素spermatium 精子团spermogonium 精子器sphaerocyst 球状胞spheroplast 原生质球spike 刺突spiral mycelium 螺旋菌丝spiramycin 螺旋霉素spirilla 螺[旋]菌spoilage 酸败sporangiocarp 孢囊果sporangiole 小孢子囊sporangiophore 孢囊柄sporangiospore 孢囊孢子sporangium 孢[子]囊spore 孢子spore 芽孢spore ball 孢子球spore print 孢子印sporicide 杀芽孢剂sporodochium 分生孢子座sporogenous yeasts 有孢子酵母菌sporophore 孢子梗sporoplasm 孢原质sporulation 孢子形成sporulation 芽孢形成spread plate method 涂布培养法spreader 涂布器stab 穿刺stab cultivation 穿刺培养stage micrometer 镜台测微计stain 染色剂staining 染色法staining reaction 染色反应standard serum 标准血清staphylocoagulase [葡萄球菌]凝固酶staphylococcal protein A, SPA 葡萄球菌A蛋白staphylococcin 葡萄球菌素staphylolysin 葡萄球菌溶血毒素starter, culture starter 起子static cultivation 静止培养staurospore 星形孢子stenothermal microorganisms 狭温微生物stenothermophiles 嗜狭高温生物sterigma 小梗sterigmatocystin 柄曲霉素sterile 无菌sterile mycelium 不育菌丝体sterility test 无菌检查sterilization 灭菌sterilizer 灭菌器。
生物学专业英语词汇
Botany植物学Cell theory细胞学说 cell membrane细胞膜 nucleus 细胞核Organelle 细胞器 cell wall细胞壁 cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体 cell cycle细胞周期 mitochondrion 线粒体photosynthesis光合作用 unit membrane 单位膜 chloroplast 叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素 xanthophyll叶黄素 carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体 ribosome 核糖体 lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝 nuclear fission核分裂 reproduction繁殖primary wall初生壁 secondary wall次生壁 plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂 amitosis无丝分裂 meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂 interphase间期 prophase前期metaphase中期 anaphase后期 telophase末期tissue组织 pistil 雌蕊 stamen雄蕊ovary子房 pollination传粉 pollen tube花粉管porogamy珠孔受精 chalazogamy合点受精 mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖 apogamy无配子生殖 patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis 孤雌生殖 apospory无孢子生殖 pericarp果皮life history生活史 root system根系 main root主根lateral root侧根 taproot system直根系 fibrous root system须根系 cortex皮层 vascular cylinder 维管柱pericycle中柱鞘 xylem ray 木射线 vascular ray 维管射线phloem ray韧皮射线 root cap根冠 Casparian strip凯氏带primary xylem初生木质部 primary phloem初生韧皮部 vascular ray 维管射线 xylem ray 木射线 phelloderm栓层 phloem ray韧皮射线 embryo胚homologous organ同源器官 analogous organ同功器官 endosperm胚乳seed coat种皮 radicle胚根 plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴 cotyledon子叶 dormancy休眠seed germination种子萌发 eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote原核生物algae藻类 blue-green algae蓝藻 trichogyne受精丝mucopolysaccharide黏多糖 gelatinous sheath 胶质鞘 exospore外生孢子heterosexual cell异性细胞 green algae绿藻 isogamy同配生殖anisogamy 异配生殖 anisogamy 卵式生殖 zygogamy 接合生殖haploid单倍体 diploid二倍体 polyploid多倍体carposporophyte孢子体 brown algae褐藻 sea-tangle海带agar琼脂 fungi菌类 parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的 lichen地衣 archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器 antiphyte孢子体 gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体 bryophyta 苔藓植物 cruciferae十字花科vascular plants微管植物 aquatic plant水生植物 salicaceae柳科angiosperm被子植物 endoplasmic reticulum质网vegetative reproduction营养繁殖 intercellular layer胞间层phellogen& cork cambium木栓形成层 asexual reproduction无性繁殖sexual propagation有性繁殖 tetradynamous stamen四强雄蕊didynamous stamen二强雄蕊 monodelphous stamen单体雄蕊diadelphous stamen二体雄蕊 triadelphous stamen三体雄蕊polyadelphous stamens多体雄蕊 synantherous stamen聚药雄蕊primary wall cells初生壁细胞 vegetative cell营养细胞male sterility雄性不育 filiform apparatus丝状器meristem zone 分生区 elongation zone伸长区maturation zone成熟区 embryophyte有胚植物specific parasitism专性寄生 specific saprophyte专性腐生facultative parasitism兼性寄生 facultative saprophyte兼性腐生sexual generation有性世代 asexual generation无性世代Zoology动物学cell细胞 prokaryotic cell原核细胞 eukaryotic cell真核细胞protein蛋白质 nucleic acid核酸 carbohydrate糖lipid脂质 protoplasm原生质 inclusion含物cell cycle细胞周期 pulmonary alveolus肺泡 flagellum鞭毛food vacuole食物泡 pinocytosis胞饮作用 fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子 zygote合子 microtubule微管contraction silk 收缩丝 merogenesis 卵裂 blastocoele 囊胚腔complete cleavage完全卵裂 layering分层 cynapse突触myoneme肌丝 myocyte肌细胞 mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体 dioecism雌雄异体 velum缘膜radial symmetry辐射对称 nerve net神经网 planula 浮浪幼虫bilateral symmetry两侧对称 mesoderm中胚层 tubule cell 管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节 acetabulum 腹吸盘 oral sucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴 pseudocoel假体腔 cuticle角质膜cloacal pore泄殖孔 renette腺肾细 emunctory排泄管resting egg休眠卵 metamere体节 metamerism分节现象sense organ 感觉器 periostracum壳皮层 prismatic layer壳层nacreous layer珍珠层 veliger 面盘幼虫 glochidium 钩介幼虫adductor闭壳肌 segmentation异律分节 linear animal线形动物 pericardial cavity围心腔 cervical vertebra颈椎sacral vertebra荐椎pulmonary vein肺静脉 precaval vein 前腔静脉bladder气囊middle ear中耳 tympanum cavity中耳腔 amnion羊膜neopallium新皮层 lagena 瓶状囊 wishbone叉骨postcaval vein后腔静脉 glandular stomach腺胃 air sac气囊salt gland盐腺 sclerotic ring 巩膜骨 viviparity胎生placenta胎盘 allantois尿囊 rumen瘤胃bursa of fabricius 腔上囊 masticatory stomach肌胃 reticulum网胃omasum瓣胃 abomasum皱胃 cochlea耳蜗earthworm蚯蚓 internal naris鼻孔 amniota羊膜动物arthropod节肢动物 coelenterate腔肠动物 annelid环节动物cell membrane&plasma membrane细胞膜 epithelial tissue上皮组织connective tissue结缔组织 cartilage tissue软骨组织osseous tissue骨组织 muscular tissue肌肉组织cardiac muscle心肌 intercalated disc闰盘Nissl's body尼氏小体 colony &group群体meroblastic cleavage不完全卵裂 colonial theory 群体说gastrovascular cavity消化循环腔 muscle system肌肉体系excretory system排泄系统 reproductive system生殖系统digestive system消化系统 archinephric duct原肾管basal lamina & basal membrane基膜 cross-fertilization异体受精self-fertilization自体受精 final host终寄主first intermidate host第一中间寄主 semicircular canal半规管second intermediate host第二中间寄主Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传 variation 变异 gene 基因pisum sativum 豌豆 segregation 分离 gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子 allele 等位基因 genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型 test cross 测交 oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体 centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体 linker 连丝 mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层 spindle 纺锤体 interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba蚕豆 nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞 oogonium 卵原细胞 spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型 epistasis上位效应 mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死 zygotic lethal合子致死 autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死 carrier 携带者 homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体 genotype 基因型 phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群 interference 干涉 coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图 wild type野生型 mutation 突变heterokaryon 异核体 auxotroph 营养缺陷型 strain 菌株recipient 受体 donor 供体 fragment 片段induction 诱导 prophage 原噬菌体 transduction 转导Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律 law of segregation 分离定律first filial generation 子一代 parental generation 亲代dominant character 显性性状 recessive character 隐性性状hereditary determinant 遗传因子 parental combination 亲组合recombination 重组合 punnett square 棋盘法Mendelian character 孟德尔性状 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区first polar body 第一极体 second polar body 第二极体sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体 female gametic nucleus 卵核multiple alleles 复等位基因 sex-chromosome性染色体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传 primary constriction 初级缢痕secondary constriction 次级缢痕 complementary gene互补基因homologous chromosome 同源染色体 sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞 three-point testcross 三点测交primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞first division segregation 第一次分裂分离second division segregation 第二次分裂分离law of independent assortment 自由组合定律Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素 trace elements微量元素 proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸 primary structure 一级结构 random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域 subunit亚基 degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤 guanine鸟嘌呤 cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶 uracil尿嘧啶 nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸 base pairing碱基配对 base pair碱基对数base碱基数 gyrase旋转酶 nucleosome核小体complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒 transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列 exon外显子 intron含子variable loop可变环 ribonuclease核糖核酸酶 renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应 base stacking force碱基堆积力 annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度 hypochromic effect减色效应 maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖 lactose乳糖 starch淀粉glycogen糖原 cellulose纤维素 cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性 substrate底物 holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子 coenzyme辅酶 oxidase氧化酶metabolism新代 assimilation同化作用 catabolism异化作用metabolite代产物 biological oxidation 生物氧化 cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮 amytal阿密妥 antimycin A抗霉素Acyanide氰化物 glycolysis糖酵解 ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸 cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸 succinic acid 琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸 acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶 fumarate 延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环 malate苹果酸 fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位 replicon复制子 core enzyme 核心酶primosome引发体 Okazaki fragment冈崎片段 leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链 terminator终止子 telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶 replication fork复制叉 vector载体promoter启动子 terminator终止子 operon操纵子codon密码子 degeneracy简并性 hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环 deamination脱氨基作用 urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin常染色质 messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNAmetabolic regulation代调节 feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因 promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因 regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子 triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码 termination codon终止密码semiconservative replication半保留复制 ornithine cycle鸟氨酸循环ketogenic amino acid生酮氨基酸 glucogenic amino acid生糖氨基酸oxidative deamination氧化脱氨作用 transamination转氨基作用reverse transcription逆转录 decarboxylation脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制 reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation错义突变 synonymous mutation同义突变neutral mutation中性突变 nonsense mutation无义突变phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸 essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop二氢尿嘧啶环 anticodon loop反密码子环double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNA open circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力 secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构 tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构 negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNApositive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNAGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate甘油醛-3-二磷酸glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸restriction endonuclease限制性切酶polymerase chain reaction聚合酶链反应Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物 culture medium 培养基 lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板 bacteria 细菌 archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物 prokaryote 原核生物 protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝 mycoplasma 支原体 yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌 murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖 mucopeptide黏肽 outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体 nucleolus 核仁 nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质 centromere 着丝粒 telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体 mycoplasma 支原体 glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体 cytoplasm细胞质 megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核 glycocalyx 糖被 capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛 lysosome 溶酶体 chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体 inorganic salt 无机盐 peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌 beef extract牛肉膏 vitamin 维生素inclusion body 含物 lithotroph 无机营养型 medium 培养基agar 琼脂 organotroph 有机营养型 antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输 pinocytosis 胞饮作用 catabolism 分解代passive transport 被动运输 uniport 单向运输 anabolism 合成代 fermentation发酵 batch culture 分批培养 log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期 lag phase 迟缓期 decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌 antibiotic 抗生素 antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化 genome 基因组 plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子 diploid 二倍体 haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子 conjugation接合作用 transposon转座子phenotype 表型 genotype基因型 auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型 transition 转换 transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变 reverse mutation 回复突变 sexduction 性导transduction 转导 promoter 启动子 operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复 repressor 阻遏蛋白 corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆 denaturation 变性 annealing 退火extension 延伸 cloning vector 克隆载体 replicon 复制子telomere 端粒 cohesive end 黏性末端 promoter 启动子terminator 终止子 gene therapy 基因治疗 phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用 nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用 expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸 anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点 incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变 synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变 missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变 lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控 tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传 genetic engineering 基因工程recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术 palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法 pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法 shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养。
课程名称生物专业英语
课程名称生物专业英语英文名称Special English for Biology【课程编号】【课程类别】专业选修课【学分数】【适用专业】生物科学【学时数】34 【编写日期】2013.7.31一、教学目标生物专业英语是面向生物科学、技术高年级本科生开设的限选课程，本课程教学内容主要涉及普通生物、微生物学、遗传学、分子生物学等领域的专业基础知识。
通过本课程，向学生介绍如何撰写科技论文、投稿等方面的知识；扩大专业英语的词汇量，掌握专业英语书刊的阅读技巧、了解文献检索及写作知识。
二、教学内容和学时分配Lesson One Inside the living cell:structure and function of internal cell parts 4学时主要内容：1．GlossaryActin, centriole, chemotaxis, chloroplast, chromosome, cilia, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, dynein, flagella, lysosome, microfilament, microtubule, mitochondrion, myosin, nucleoid, nucleoli, nucleus, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, plastid, polysome, ribosome, stroma, tubulin, vacuole，endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, golgi complex, basal body2．重点句型分析分析(1)This quantity reflects the fact that ribosomes are the sits at which ammo acids are assembled into proteins for export or for use in cell processes.the genetic(2)During protein synthesis the two subunits move along a strand of mRNA, ”reading” sequence coded in it and translating that sequence into protein.(3)Both types of endoplasmic reticulum serve as compartments within the cell where specific products can be isolated and subsequently shunted to particular areas in or outside the cell.(4)A subset of vacuoles is the organelles known as lysosomes, which contain digestive enzymes(packaged in lysosomes in the golgi complex)that can break down most biological macromolecules.(5)It is on the large surface area provided by the inner cristae of mitochondria that ATP-generatating enzymes are located.3．Exercises4．Symbols Commonly Used教学要求：使学生掌握细胞的组成结构（各种细胞器以及它们在细胞中的位置），以及结构与功能之间的关系。
生物专业英语词汇
生物专业英语词汇——词素（词根）部分一、表示数量的词素1. haplo,mono,uni ：单，一，独haploid 单倍体monoxide一氧化碳monoatomi c单原子的2. bi,di,dipl,twi,du :：二，双，两，偶biocolor 双色,dichromatic 双色的,diplobacillus 双杆菌dikaryon 双核体twin ：孪生dual 双重的3. tri :三，丙triangle三角triacylglycerol三酰甘油tricarboxylic acid cycle 三羧酸循环4. quadri,quadru,quart,tetr,tetra：四quadrilateral四边的quadrivalent四价的quadruped四足动物tetrode四极管tetracycline四环素5. pent,penta,quique五pentose戊糖pentagon五角形pentane戊烷quintuple 五倍的pentose 戊糖pentomer五邻粒6. hex,hexa,sex 六hexose已糖hexapod六足动物hexapoda昆虫纲hexamer六聚体7. hepta,sept(i) 七heptane 庚烷heptose 庚糖heptoglobin七珠蛋白8. oct八octpus 章鱼octagon八角形octane 辛烷octase 辛糖9. enne,nona九nonapeptide 九肽enneahedron 九面体10. deca,deka 十:decapod 十足目动物decahedron 十面体decagram 十克11. hecto, 百hectometer百米hectoliter百升hectowatt 百瓦12. kilo,千kilodalton (KD) 千道尔顿kilobase 千碱基kiloelectron volt 千电子伏特13. deci,十分之一，分decimeter 分米decigram 十分之一克14. centi,百分之一15. milli,千分之一，毫millimole 毫摩（尔）milliliter 毫升16. micro,百万分之一，微，微小，微量microgram微克microogranism微生物microecology 微生态学micropipet微量移液器17. nano十亿分之一，毫微，纳nanosecond十亿分之一秒nanometer纳米18. demi,hemi,semi半demibariel 半桶hemicerebrum 大脑半球semiopaque半透明semi-allel 半等位基因semi-conductor半导体19. holo 全，整体，完全holoenzyme 全酶holoprotein全蛋白holocrine全（质分）泌20. mega巨大，兆，百万megaspore大孢子，megabasse兆碱基megakaryocyte巨核细胞megavolt兆伏megalopolitan特大城市21. macro 大，巨大，多macrophage巨噬细胞macrogamete大配子macroelement常量元素macromolecular大分子22. poly,multi,mult 多，复合polyacrylate聚丙烯酸酯polymerase 聚合酶multichain多链的multinucleate 多核的multicistronic mRNA多顺反子mRNA multicopy多拷贝二、表示颜色的词素1 chrom颜色chromophore生色团chromosome染色体chromatography色谱法2 melan,melano,nigr 黑melanoma黑素瘤melanin黑色素melanophore黑色素细胞3 xantho,flavo,fla,flavi,lute黄xanthophyl叶黄素xanthous黄色的，黄色人种xathine黄嘌呤flavin(e)黄素flavone黄酮letein黄体素，叶黄素flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸4 erythro, rub, rubrm, ruf,红erythrocyte红细胞erythromycin红霉素erythropoitin(EPO)促红细胞生成素5 chloro,chlor绿，氯chlorophyll叶绿素chloride氯化物chloramphenicol氯霉素6 cyan,cyano 蓝，青紫色，氰cyanophyceae 蓝藻纲cyanobacteria蓝细菌cyanide氰化物7 aur,glid,chrys金色aureomycin金霉素chrysose 金藻淀粉chrysanthemum菊花glidstone 金沙石glid 镀金8 leu,leuco,leuk,leuko,blan,alb无色，白色leucine亮氨酸leukaemia=leucosis白血病bleaching powder漂白粉albomycin白霉素三、表示摄食的词素1 –vore 食……动物，-vorous食……动物的algivore食藻动物carnivore 食肉动物herbivore 食草动物omnivore 杂食动物2-phage吃（食）食……生物（体）-phagous吃（食）……的phage噬菌体phagocyte 吞噬细胞zoophage食肉动物saprophage腐食者四表示方位和程度的词素1 endo,ento,内，在内endocrine内分泌endocytosis胞吞作用endogamy近亲繁殖endolysin内溶素entoderm内胚层2 ec, ect, exc, extra 外，外面，表面ectoblast外胚层ectoparasite 外寄生生物extract 抽取，浸出3 meso 中，中间mesosphere 中圈，中层mesoplast 中胚层质4 intra,intro,inter 在内，向内intra-allelic interaction 等位基因内相互作用intracellular（细）胞内的interurban城市之间5 centri,centro,medi,mid 中心，中央，中间centrifuge离心centriole 中心粒centrosome 中心体centrogeng着丝基因6 epi,peri 上，外，旁epidermal growth factor(EGF): 表皮生长因子epibranchial上鳃的perilune 近月点7 sub,suc,suf,sug 下，低，小suborder 亚目submucosa粘膜下层subclone亚克隆subcellular 亚细胞subsection小节，分部8 super,supra 上，高，超superconductor超导体superfluid 超流体superoxide 超氧化物supramolecular超分子的9 hyper 超过，过多hypersensitive 过敏的hyperelastic 超弹性的hypertension 高血压hyperploid 超倍体10 hypo下，低，次hypoglycaemia 低血糖hypotension低血压hypophysis脑下垂体11 iso 等，相同，同iso-osmotic等渗的isopod等足目动物isotope同位素12 oligo，olig少，低，寡，狭oligohaline 狭盐性oligogene寡基因oligomer寡聚体oligophagous寡食性oligarchy寡头政治13 eury 多，宽，广eurythermal 广温的euryhaline广盐性eurytopic species广幅种14 ultr 超ultra-acoustics 超声学ultra-structure超微结构ultroviolet紫外线15 infra 下，低，远infralittoral 潮下带，远岸的infrahuman类人生物infrared红外线的infrastructure基础结构，基本结构五表示动物不同器官和组织的词素1 cephal,capit,cran 头，头颅2 cyte 细胞3 carn,my,mya,myo,肉，肌肉4 haem,haemat,hem,aem,sangul 血5 soma,corp 体，身体6 some,plast 体，颗粒7 hepa,hepat 肝heparin 肝素hepatopancreas肝胰腺hepatocyte 肝细胞hepatoma肝癌8 ren,nephr 肾adrnal肾上腺的nephridia肾管nephron肾单位9 card,cord 心cardiotoxin 心脏毒素cardiovascular center 心血管中枢electrocardiogram心电图concord一致，和谐10 ophthalm,ocell,ocul 眼ophthalmology眼科学ophthalmia眼炎ophthalmologist眼科专家11 branchi 鳃filibranch丝鳃lamellibrnch瓣鳃sencondary branchium次生鳃12 brac ,brachi 腕，手臂brachiolaria 短腕幼虫brachionectin臂粘连蛋白bracelet手镯13 dent,odont 牙齿dentin牙质odontphora 齿舌odontoblast成牙质细胞14 plum羽plumatus 羽状的plumule绒毛plumage （鸟的）羽毛15 foli,foil 叶follicle滤泡foiling叶形foliage 叶子foliose 多叶的常用的前缀前缀的定义前面已经谈了，下面介绍各类常用前缀和含义，应予熟记。
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生物专业英语第七课：Fungi: The great decomposers
characteristics [,kærəktə'ristiks]n. 特性，特征；特色（characteristic的复数）approximately [ə'prɔksimətli] adv. 大约，近似地；近于
saprobe ['sæprəub]腐生菌，腐生生物，污水生物
decompose [di:kəm'pəuz]vt. 分解；腐烂；使腐烂
parasite['pærəsait]n. [基医] 寄生虫；[生物] 寄生生物（parasite的复数）symbiotic [simbai'ɔtik]adj. [生态] 共生的；共栖的
algae ['ældʒi:]n. [植] 藻类；[植] 海藻
digestion [dai'dʒestʃ(ə)n; di-]消化，消化作用，消化吸收
secrete [si'kri:t]vt. 藏匿；分泌
thallus ['θæləs]n. 菌体，[植] 叶状体；叶状植物
hyphae ['haifi:]n. 菌丝（hypha的复数形式）hypha ['haifə]
hyphal ['haifəl]adj. 菌丝的
chitin ['kaitin]n. 壳质；几丁质；明角质
rhizoid ['raizɒid]n. 假根adj. 根状的；假根的
anchor ['æŋkə]锚，锚点，安佳
haustoria [hɔ:'stɔ:riə]n. 吸器
septate ['septeit]adj. 有隔膜的；被隔膜分开的
segregate ['segrigeit]vt. 使隔离；使分离；在实行种族隔离
coenocytic [si:nə'sitik]adj. 多核细胞的；多核体的；合胞体的
mycelium [mai'si:liəm]n. 菌丝；菌丝体
genetically [dʒe'netikəli]adv. 从遗传学角度；从基因方面；由基因决定的
distinct [di'stiŋ(k)t]adj. 明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的
fuse [fju:z]vt. 使融合；使熔化，使熔融
heterokaryon [hetərəu'kæriɔn]n. [植] 异核体
nonmotile ['nɔn'məutail]adj. 无运动的；不动的
heterotrophs ['hetərəutrɔf]n. [生物] 异养生物（helerotroph的复数形式）
fulfilled [ful'fild]v. 实现（fulfill的过去分词）；履行；满足
spore [spɔ:]n. 孢子
aerial [['eəriəl]]adj. 空中的，空气的；空想的
discharge [dis'tʃa:dʒ]vi. 排放；卸货；流出
dispersal [di'spɜ:sl]n. 分散；传播；散布；疏散；消失
classification [,klæsifi'keiʃ(ə)n]n. 分类；类别；等级；分级
feature ['fi:tʃə]n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目
Mycota ['maikəuta:]n. 真菌界；真菌门
principal ['prinsəp(ə)l]adj. 主要的；基本的；资本的
comprise [kəm'praiz]vt. 包含；由组成；构成
chytridiomycetes [,kaitridiə'maisi:tiz]壶菌纲；壶菌门
oomycetes [,əuə'maisi:t]n. [微] 卵菌（一类真菌）；卵菌纲
zygomycetes [,zaigəu'maisi:tiz, ,zi-]n. 接合菌；接合菌目；接合菌纲；结合菌亚纲vegetative ['vedʒitətiv; -teitiv]adj. 植物的；营养的；促使植物生长的；有生长力的mold [məuld]n. 霉菌；模子
flagellated ['flædʒəleitid]adj. [生物] 生有鞭毛的；生有匍匐茎的
sporangia [spəu'rændʒiə, spɔ:-]n. 孢子囊（sporangium的复数）gametangia [,gæmə'tændʒiə]配子囊
immobile [[i'məubail]]adj. 固定的；稳定的；不变的
resemble [ri'zemb(ə)l]vt. 类似，像
protists ['prəutist]n. [生物] 原生生物
terrestrial [tə'restriəl]adj. 地球的；陆地的，[生物] 陆生的；人间的mycorrhizal [mai'kəur aizəl] 菌根
ascomycete [,æskə'maisi:t]n. 子囊菌；子囊菌类的草；子囊菌纲
saprobe ['sæprəub]n. [生物] 污水生物；[生物] 腐生生物
parasite ['pærəsait]n. [基医] 寄生虫；[生物] 寄生生物
conidia [kəu'nidiə]n. 分生孢子（conidium 的复数）
ascospore ['æskəspɔ:]n. 囊孢子，子囊孢子
saclike ['sæklaik]adj. 囊状的
ascus ['æskəs]n. 子囊复数为asci
truffles ['trʌf(ə)l]n. [植] 松露；块菌（truffle的复数形式）
penicillium [,peni'siliəm]n. 青霉菌；青霉菌属
yeast [ji:st]yeast:酵母| 酵母菌| 发酵粉
basidiomycete [bə,sidiə'maisi:t]n. 担子菌类；担子菌纲
dense [dens]adj. 稠密的；浓厚的；愚钝的
dikaryotic [dikæri'ɔtik]双核的
basidiocarp [bə'sidiəuka:p]n. 担子果或子实体
damp [dæmp]adj. 潮湿的n. 潮湿，湿气
lawn [lɔ:n]n. 草地；草坪
basidia [bə'sidiə]担子
basidiospore [bə'sidiəʊspɔ:]n. 担子孢子（由担子产生的孢子）；芽胞
gills [gils]n. 鱼鳃（gill的复数）；菌褶
mushroom ['mʌʃru:m; -rʊm]n. 蘑菇，伞菌；蘑菇形物体；暴发户deuteromycetes [,dju:tərə'maisi:tiz]n. 半知菌纲；半知菌类
ferment [fə'ment]vt. 使发酵；酝酿；酵素；使动乱
soy [sɔi]n. 大豆；酱油
sauce [sɔ:s]n. 酱油；沙司；调味汁；酱汁
sake [seik] 日本清酒；清酒
citric ['sitrik]adj. 柠檬的；采自柠檬的
aflatoxin [,æflə'tɔksin]n. [生化] 黄曲霉毒素
symbiont ['simbiɒnt; -bai-]n. [生态] 共生者；共生有机体（等于symbiote）ultimate ['ʌltimət]adj. 最终的；极限的；根本的
lichen ['laik(ə)n; 'litʃ(ə)n]n. 地衣；青苔
alga ['ælgə]n. 水藻；藻类
ecological [i:kə'lɒdʒik(ə)l; ek-]adj. 生态的，生态学的
niche [ni:ʃ; nitʃ]生态位| 小生
desiccate ['desikeit]vt. 使干；干贮；变干
inorganic [inɔ:'gænik]adj. [无化] 无机的；无生物的
evolve [i'vɔlv]vt. 发展，进化；进化；使逐步形成。