雅思新东方写作笔记整理
Cdmwfa雅思写作练习题 新东方老师笔记
生命中，不断地有人离开或进入。
于是，看见的，看不见的；记住的，遗忘了。
生命中，不断地有得到和失落。
于是，看不见的，看见了；遗忘的，记住了。
然而，看不见的，是不是就等于不存在？记住的，是不是永远不会消失？句型、翻译练习Thanks to China’s reform and opening policy, ...has witnessed great progress in the past two decades. With the arrival /advent/ of the invention of ... / the information age / the 21st century/ the economy age We are entering into a brand new age / era / epoch. The 21st century is a time of advanced scientific and technological knowledge.With the increasingly more rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.In the past few years, there has been a sharp/ rapid growth/ boom/ decline in ...While the rhythm / pace / tempo of people’s living is speeding, a lot of changes have taken place in ... With ..., the number of ... is on the rise.It is commonly believed that the rise in ... is the inevitable result of economic development. Nowadays, more and more people begin to realize / be aware of / notice the importance / significance / seriousness of the problem of education / pollution / unemployment.One of the (universal / pressing / burning / urgent ) problems / issues we are faced with (confronting us ) is that ...Recently the problem / issue / conflict has become the focus / concern of the public.There is a (public / general / heated / impassioned) debate / discussion / controversy today / nowadays as to / over / on / concerning the issue / problem of ... Those who criticize / oppose / object to ... contend / argue that ... They believe that ... But people who advocate / favor / are for ..., on the other hand, maintain / assert that...It is undeniable that ... has become the biggest concern of the present-day world.According to a (n) survey / investigation / analysis / statistics / report released / conducted / made by ..., there is a growing / increasing / declining number of .. who / which ...Once in a newspaper, I hit upon / came across the report that ...This case has aroused echoes throughout the country, with more and more people following its lead, but ideas about it vary widely.The other side of the coin has voiced strong opposition saying that ...Some people advocate that ...; others suggest that .... But I can hardly share this point of view for several reasons.Personally (As far as I am concerned, For my part), I side with (stand on the side of , in favor of , completely agree with) the former / latter opinion.I am of the opinion that priority should be given to ...People from different backgrounds, however, put different interpretations on the same thing.Views on the issue in question vary from person to person / vary greatly.People rarely reach an absolute consensus on a controversial issue.To some people’s mind / From some people’s point of view, there are several advantage s in / of ... The first advantage is that ...I fully agree with the statement that ... the reasons are as follows:There is considerable evidence in favor of ...As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes / positions.There is probably a little bit of truth in both arguments.There are some major causes for ... One cause is ... Another cause is ... And the most frequently stressed cause is ...It will have / exercise / exert / result in / lead to / bring about a (decisive / profound / far- reaching / beneficial / disastrous / unfavorable ) effect / influence / impact on... (a host of / a set of / a variety of / a series of / a lot of problems).It is high (the very) time that we / the government did something about / on / with ...To achieve this goal, however, we still have a great distance to cover (a long way to go).It is urgent / important / necessary that appropriate / proper actions / measures / steps / method / be taken to end / correct / improve / better / enhance...电视能开阔我们的视野。
新东方雅思写作最全讲义分析整理版_Topics
精心整理一、教育（共25题，占%）1. In countries where there is a high rate of unemployment, most pupils should be offered only primary education. There is no point in offering secondary education to those who have no hope of finding a job.不同意：中学教育是一个重要的德育阶段，如果在这个时候中断，带来的不仅仅是失业这样的问题，还有青少年犯罪等社会问题vital ?stage for moral education. If it was interrupted, numerous of social problem/headaches may create as juvenile delinquency. (正如马克吐温说：你每关闭一所学校，你就必须开设一座监狱。
Every time you stop a school, you will have to build a jail ）教育能够帮助培养个人素质；提高劳动力的素质，从而提高生产效率，推动社会发展，从根本上解决失业的问题。
do a favor to/be beneficial（advantageous, preferable) to personal quality, enhance/boost/promote the quality of the labor force, thereby increase production efficiency, social development, solve the problem of unemployment从长远来看，如果受过更高的教育，则有更多的机会找到好的工作。
In a long run／term, if pupils could receive better education, they may have far more opportunities to find better jobs.教育的作用不仅仅应当局限在找工作，而是为了将来更好的发展。
新东方作文笔记
新东方作文笔记(强烈推荐)此笔记出自新东方杨煜(winson)老师,这个老师虽然名气不大,但我感觉他的课讲得很好,很负责任.这个笔记一共分四个课时.因为他讲课喜欢穿插的讲,也就是说讲到综合部分的阅读时会讲一些写作的方法,所以我整理了一下分为综合部分,独立部分. 在这四个课时里他讲了很多写作的技巧.以及他在接受ETS培训的时候ETS明确提出的一些问题(ETS明确提出的地方我会标注),个人觉得对大家的写作帮助很大.PART I 综合部分.重点:1.词语:同义词的变化很重要,不断的用相同的词语(除了中心词和无法变换的词语)要扣分.→Webster电子软件同义词词典2.格式:每一段的开头不空格,段与段间空行.每一段的开头空四格,段与段间不空行.3.特别提示:正式文体书写最好不要用缩写.→can’t=cannot don’t=do not (这是ETS明确提出的)4.每一段的分论点应该是由听力开头,而不是阅读.→虽然OG上有阅读开头的范文,但是最好不要这么写.5.阅读部分不可抄原文,论点要用自己的话重新总结(ETS明确指出)6.这个部分的开头并无实际的意义,所以如果要写的话最好有一个15-20词的长句.7.阅读文章如果来不及看,反应背景的部分可以扫过,因为它与topic sentence无关,之后用1分钟提论点,然后再话1分半钟来看论点后面的论述.最后半分钟用来推测(这个后面会讲到).8.听力中表示反驳的词汇除了常见的那些but/however等还有new/today/change等.如果听力中有设问,那么它的答案一定要听清楚明白.9.写作的时候给出了听力中分论点后同样需要例子来支持.一般听力中讲的时候后有例子,这个也需要记录下来..需要训练的技巧:在读阅读的时候就要会推测听力的论点.哪怕推得不完全对也要推.如果你无法推测就说明两种情况:1.阅读中的论点没有找到.2.文章确实是无法推测. 关于这点是winson特意花了时间训练我们的.也就是说这点可能在综合写作的部分确实是很重要.我就拿3.10号的考题来举个例子吧.阅读说到speed cameras可以用来取代police.三点:1.限制司机的驾车速度.2.取代警察.3.为court提供更确切的证据找到这三个论点之后你推测你就往反的方向想就可以了.1.也许speed camera未必可以限制车速; 2.可能因为种种原因它未必可以取代警察; 3.同样因为种种原因它未必可以为traffic court提供便利.这么做看上去很简单,实际上它是有一定潜在的好处的:1.帮助加深考生对阅读中论点的印象.2.有助于在听力中更集中精力. 在听听力之前,考生往往想知道自己的推测是不是正确.在听的时候如果推对的话就要集中听那个”种种原因”到底是什么原因.如果推错的话就会更仔细的听到底它给出的是什么论点.这里需要注意的是,不论是推对了还是推错了都要镇定的听下去,不要太兴奋或者是太失落!!!PART II 独立部分这个部分winson讲的有点散,我就分条列出来好了!先讲一下ETS对这个部分是怎么评分的.1.对比----改卷老师手边上都有从1分到满分的样本答案,改的时候这些样本答案是摊在桌上的.通过对比判断你大概是哪个分数档次.这个步骤主要是看文章的字数,结构,句子的平均长度(这个在下面会说到)以及主题句.winson说这个步骤是很重要的,如果文章给人感觉是3分档的,那么在仔细看过之后就算写得比3分档好一般也就3+,最多到4分档.所以第一印象很重要.2.句子长度----ETS有专门的计算句子平均长度的机器.计算方法是:总的字数/句子数=句子的平均长度.一般平均长度在13-18词/句为佳.也就是说长句子不能太多,一般短句应该比长句多一点.3.议论段的浏览---ETS指明好的文章应该是第一段主体段的长度>第二段主体段的长度>第三段主体段的长度.(也就是说三个议论段的字数要有明显的递减趋势,最重要的最中心的写在第一段)重点技巧:1.符号的多样性----可多用引号,连字符,问号,感叹号. ETS明确指出连字符有加分.30分里面加1分.连字符有几种简单的构成方法:(a.)表示”再”的时候用re-,比如说re-exam; (b.)数字+n. 比如:five-layer; (c.)可用连字符表示大规模,大范围等等.后面加scale.比如:large-scale price ; (d.)几分之几. 比如:one-fifth. 同样的,多用设问句可以加强文章的生动性.比如:Can you guess the ending of this story? When the project failed, the blame was placed on all the members of the group. 再者说,引号可以用来表示(a.)否定,讽刺; (b.) 引用;(c.)强调.2.单词的难度和级别要一致.也就是说不能一个高中词汇,一个GRE词汇.3.对于举例的要求: 2 examples→ETS指明一个example是不足以说明问题的.最好是两个examples都用短事例.要lay-out,而不是deep reasoning. 同时,在example后面最好用一个长句来解释example,也就是说这个example怎么证明了你的topic sentence.4.不论是综合部分或者是独立部分,都要遵守短语优先原则.但是这里的短语必须要有把握才能用.5.写的时候最好是不要用过于绝对的或者是尖锐的词汇,比如说must, should,everyone,everytime.多用像likely, probobly, perhaps,more or less, sometimes, in a way, in the sense这样没有说死的词汇/词组.6.能用修辞的时候可以适当的用点修辞,但必须在有把握能用对的情况下才能用.比如: ateam of people attack the project.7.多用代词,代词是最好的过渡词,可以加强句子的连贯性.8.灵活使用词汇.可将n.→v. 例如:surface不一定要用做n. 还可以做v.关于句式的问题.1.把能打开的词组或者是搭配拉得越开越可体现文字的表达能力.比如:A group of people has a wider range of knowledge,expertise, and skills than any singleindicidual is likely to possess.2.关于句子的强调: 多用新奇的强调,一些老调强调,比如not only…but also/ it is that….要多用了.因为中国学生一般强调就是这么两种方式,人家也看得烦了!可以用一些比较少见的强调方式.(a.)用and 连接两个拼写不同但是意思相同或者是相近的词语.比如:problems and issues.(b.)Not only ….but also的改写:not only x but x……例如: To get his or her contributions andideas not only recognized but recognized as highly significant.(c.)用逗号连接两个形容词表示强调. 比如:it took many, many meetings to build theagreement.(这个方法我个人比较汗…..)3.尽量不要用no ,not, none等表示否定.用free from/little等代替.4.为了丰富符号,插入语的两个逗号可以用破折号代替.开头立场的问题:1.合格的:立场2.完美的:在主题句中暗示了2.3.4.段的主要内容,有立场,有原因.例如:While there is still hunger, poverty, and illiteracy on Earth, our resources should be focused not in outer space.3. 不要用谁的优点大于谁这种句子做为观点.因为没有立场.谁的观点大于谁, 并不代表你就支持那个优点多的.。
新东方雅思作文写作最全讲义分析整理版-Topics
Topics of Task 2 （2008～2009.11.21)一、教育（共25题，占%）1. In countries where there is a high rate of unemployment, most pupils should be offered only primary education. There is no point in offering secondary education to those who have no hope of finding a job. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? (08.01.26)不同意：中学教育是一个重要的德育阶段，如果在这个时候中断，带来的不仅仅是失业这样的问题，还有青少年犯罪等社会问题vital stage for moral education. If it was interrupted, numerous of social problem/headaches may create as juvenile delinquency. (正如马克吐温说：你每关闭一所学校，你就必须开设一座监狱。
Every time you stop a school, you will have to build a jail ）教育能够帮助培养个人素质；提高劳动力的素质，从而提高生产效率，推动社会发展，从根本上解决失业的问题。
do a favor to/be beneficial（advantageous, preferable) to personal quality, enhance/boost/promote the quality of the labor force, thereby increase production efficiency, social development, solve the problem of unemployment从长远来看，如果受过更高的教育，则有更多的机会找到好的工作。
新东方雅思笔记汇总 共40页
新东方ielts笔记汇总一．雅思考试介绍听力：听力教材、英语中级听力阅读：整理难句笔记本——摘抄分析写作：图表作文——柱状图、饼状图、曲线图、表格——上面有百分比、数据、固定的时间段，善于从现象中发现规律，趋势，提炼，升华，得出结论——科研能力口语：1.自信：不要太介意语音语调，语法，允许犯错误，关注内容，体态语言，2.小心陷阱。
要时刻注意沟通，符合生活逻辑。
不要忘记提问卡上的问题逻辑顺序。
3.3.争取主动。
4.4.有备而来。
在很大程度上可以预测。
二：写作总的指导5堂课：1.总的知道2.写作流程，问题极其对策（审题）——重点第二篇3.审题，指令，展开。
4.书信作文。
5.图表作文。
本身内容和语言。
最后总的串讲。
范文作用：吸取语言的营养，不能机械背诵。
三：写作总论1．用书面语言2．题目中有单词不认识：它可能是不重要的，或联系上下文可以知道意思，实在看不明白就抓住看得懂的部分做文章。
3．时间概念很重要。
重点在第二篇。
先写第二篇（写对位置）。
4．字数：第一篇至少140字（10到12句话）。
第二篇至少250字（15到18句话）。
5．四大原则：1.图表作文重点在描述，不要随意解释，根据文字可以复原图表。
2.要让考官觉得你的思路非常清晰，要有“路标行标”，承上启下的短语结构词。
3.中心论点由几个分支论点支持。
并提供证据。
4.7分必须有复杂句子结构（并列句、复合句、非谓语动词形式）；用词面宽一点，尽量不要多次重复。
第一篇用3个复杂结构，第二篇用5—7，个复杂结构。
四：作业21页task5 versionC(多少个字，多少句话，每一段由几句话组成，找语法错误，评论结构布局) 74页task2 严格按照40分钟写。
针对十个问题的思考1．情感分段和逻辑分段首先晾出观点，罩住一个自然段，2．文章中心思想句是读者体会（中文）还是作者交代（英文）——第一段就说3．3．引言段（开头第一段）是开门见山（英文）还是层层剥开（中文）议论文不可以太长，第一段只能3——5句话4．段落主题句有（英文）没有（中文）不要把每个主题句分散在不同处，在第一句写5．线性段落（英文）还是螺旋性段落（中文）说出来——为什么这样说6．人证（中文）与法证（英文）强调事实、数据、普通人事件、该领域专家7．一般具体（英文）还是曲折前进（中文）8．段内连贯：过渡词语（英语）还是词义重复（中文）英语：形式语言中文：意合语言for,obviously,turnout,asaresult,and,intheend英语靠过渡词的衔接、词汇的纽带、语法的照应9．段落之间的连贯：形和义10．结尾部分是概括（英文）还是训导（中文）新东方雅思阅读笔记Summary做法I．确定summary的首末句在原文中的位置;根据题目要求;根据首末句来判断II．分析每个空格的可能语法属性III．根据空格前后的相关信息回原文锁定答案1.Summary中的以下成分不会改变：A.专有名词B.时间状语、时间C.地点D.人名E.数字及百分比F.金钱符号G.特殊印刷体及标点符号2．如果是动词+名词，名词是空格，则回原文定位该动词3．如果是动词+介词+名词，名词是空格，则回原文先定位介词，再定动词+介词结构4．如果是动词+介词+名词+定状补或同位语a.同3b.空格后的成分在原文中不会改变5．名词+谓语+宾语，a.回原文定位与空格后的谓语一致的语法结构b.宾语一般不会改变完成句子做法I．分析需完成部分的语法结构II．分析已给出句子的中心词，分为定位中心词及句意关键词1．定位中心词a)专有名词b)时间及地点c)人名、数字及百分比d)金钱符号、特殊印刷体、特殊标点符号2．句意关键词a)句子的主语和谓语b)空格前的介词及助动词c)空格前的情态动词d)空格前的形容词e)句子中的比较成分f)句子中的否定及肯定成分III．回原文定位填空选项式I．类型：1．须完成部分的语法属性单一2．须完成部分的语法属性多元II．做法：1．分析每个选项的语法属性2．分析题目的语法属性3．进行选项与题目的语法归类4．如有可能回原文定位TrueFalseNotGiven(audiy)I.做法1.准确理解题意a)语法主谓宾确定b)是否有好坏、优劣、快慢判断c)是否有only判断d)是否有比较e)是否有范围比较2．预设否命题（Alternative）(audiy)3．划出已给出句子的中心词回原文定位4．阅读比较5．中心词分为定位中心词及句意关键词：见前笔记II．基本概况1．是语言考试而非逻辑判断2．不涉及比喻及修辞3．不涉及文化差异4．不涉及复杂的时态与语态变化5．范围考点只有only,all及most6．IELTS中TFNG中的所有金钱符号、时间及数字都只涉及精确程度而非范围判断7．范围判断：NG：a.Timewilltellb.设问句而不做回答;a+1nolessthana相当于8．原文中有itispredicted(expected,anticipated)that题目中有real,truth,fact则答案为：False9．原文中有条件状语从句或表明条件的固定搭配If(Providedthat),butfor(exceptfor)Ifnot(Unless),butthat(exceptthat)或表明条件限制的介词短语及形容语短语题目中去除任何条件限制答案为：False10．Only原则A．原文有三个形容词：various,versatile,complete题目中部分，则答案为FalseB．原文中A+B+C，题目中只有A、B或C，则答案为FalseC．原文中A事物或A状态题目中只有A事物或A状态答案：NG11．原文中有vow,promise,swear,pledge+动作状态题目中去除以上的限定，则答案为：NOTGIVEN(audiy)12．原文对理论学科加以限定（领域及范围、人名、国名及时间）题目中去除以上限制，答案为：FalseMatching题：一、类型1．人名及理论2．概念及定义3．完成句子的Matching二、各种类型的题的做法1．人名及理论a．首先分析意义理论的中心词b．回原文按人名的排列顺序阅读，理论一般在固定动词后的宾语从句中段落首末的人名及理论是重要考点c．中心词对应，原文及题目的中心词对应2．概念及定义a．首先确定概念在原文中的方位概念的排列对应原文段落顺序递增b．分析每道题目的意义中心词c．回原文按照概念的顺序阅读d．中心词对应Listofheadings类型1．10个选项，5-6个段落，选项标在段落后面2．5-6个已给出标题，段落标号写在题目后面注意：1．阅读主标题2．任何选项在真实考试中都只有一次选项，首先将example选项划去主要做法一、首先分析选项以及已给出标题哪些选项是文章超始段落选项哪些选项是文章结尾段落选项1．起始选项a．名词+of+文章主标标concept,conception,definition,explanation,notion,core,essence,justification, whatis+文章标题b．动词+文章主标题，代表文章首段标题defy,justify(audiy)c．形容词+名词+of+文章主标题basic,intrinsic,fundamental+factors,elements2．结尾选取项名词+of+文章主题effect,impact,consequence,generalization,conclusion3．哪些选项是文章的中间段落选项A．所有的比较选项都是中间选取项Compare,contrast,similar,match,coincide…with,contraryto,oppositeto,versus,akin…to,alien …toB．金钱符号指示词Wage,income,cost,expense,expenditure,revenueC．统计数字指示词data,figure,demography,demographic,statistic,censusD．百分比指示词rate,ratio,percentage,proportion,density(audiy)E．时间指示词decide,generation,ages,longtime,longterm,longtradition,longprocess,longprocedureF．分岐概念的定义及补充说明一定在中间段落二、如何阅读首末段1．阅读首末句，要关注首末句的语法成份A．主谓宾分布B．肯定与否定关态C．比较级状态D．是否定定义句型2．如果首末句是疑问句或都是描述性语句都要忽略不记，要其后的论点句作为标题选项的重要依据3．如果段落中有example或者example句型，要example前的论点句及其后的总结句4．如果段落中有人名及理论，则该理论也是标题选项的主要依据三、如何阅读整段1．要注意段落中的特殊印刷体及特殊标点符号（），“”2．要注意段落中表明转折的连词yet,but,however3．要注意段落中表明顺序的连词4．要注意段落中表明因果的固定搭配resultin,resultfrom,derivefrom,stemfrom,describeto.新东方听力笔记这是一套最新新东方听力笔记，希望有时间的朋友还是多研习一下，在方法上还是有很多提高成绩的捷径的。
雅思新东方写作笔记整理
一、概括：1.写作考试介绍：Time: 60mins 20mins TASK1 150words40mins TASK2 250words2.考试题型：TASK1Process 和Introduction 题目罕见出现。
TASK2I. DiscussEg: 2005年7月9日Some people think the government should pay for health care and education, but other people do not think it the government’s responsibility. Discuss both and give your opinion.II. Advantages and DisadvantagesEg: 2005年5月14日Some school leavers go to travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages for their studies?III. Agree or DisagreeEg: 2005年6月25日People think that the news media has influenced people’s lives nowadays, and it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?IV. Your OpinionEg: 2005年3月5日Some academic subjects are useful for children’s future career while others such as music and sports are not so useful. What is your opinion. Give your reasons.V. Problem, Reasons and SolutionsEg: 2005年1月22日Statistics suggest that nowadays an increasing number of crimes are committed by the young people. Explain the reasons for this and give solutions.二、小作文解析（T ASK 1）：1．通用格式：⑴OPENING—1SENTENCE--- A. Paraphrase 5W& B. Overall trendⅠ.Line phasesⅡ.Pie classificationⅢ.Bar the gap between A&Be.g. The graphs and charts tell us a clear overview of the characteristics and trends of……It can be seen from the table that…..详细见白书P6/下，“Referable IELTS Writing opening &writing”●RULE 1：A.不可以抄题目B.不可以写“According to ….”，只能写“In that figure….”C.不可以写“below/following”D.不可以写“that/this”E.第一段不出现数据⑵ENDING--- 1SENTENCE--- A. Repetition / FeatureB. Hidden characteristics(查找图表等中的隐性特质)e.g. What is worth mentioning is that since the overall percentages exceeded100%.It can be indicated that some adults chose several seasons forstudy.C. Exception (All rise, with the exception of A, a decline by…..) 拿高分的同位语D. No ending (多可爱的结尾啊，当然前提是字数够了)⑶BODY --- 6-8SENTENCES A. 整体趋势：分阶段描述（白书P7）e.g. The number of marriage in Scotland fell very sharply between 1960 and 1970, andcontinued to decline until around 1985 though at a slower rate. From 1985onwards there was a gradual increase in the number of marriage which leveled offin 1984.B．导入数据方式：整体趋势+数字（白书P8）●RULE 2：A.不可以有Objective (主观意见)B.不可以出现“cause\therefore\thus\hence”C.不可以用“I/We”等D.用TIME（时间）做主语会有高分e.g. The past decade saw/witnessed a dramatic/moderate/gentle increase of sth.白书P11/ Recite increase n / a.b.c●RULE 3: CAREFULB．用1分钟—看Rubric、X/Y轴、单位、图例、排列顺序。
雅思小作文笔记(个人整理内容最全)
文章结构：Introduction, 1-2 sentences, rewrite the questionBody1, 1+X sentences, 第一句总体概括，X句具体介绍数字Body2, 1+X sentences, 第一句总体概括，X句具体介绍数字Conclusion, 1-2 sentences, 第一句介绍总数（可不写）；第二句做总结。
开头段：1-2句，转述原题转述原题3法：①添加单词②删除单词③替换单词（注意：改动不需过多，3-4处，即可）原题一句变两句，两句变一句。
全部改写，要保证语法、句型的正确性。
开头段的时态：永远一般现在时【原文】The table shows the results of a survey in 2004 which asked undergraduate and postgraduate students of a UK university whether they were satisfied with the facilities at the university.【改写】The diagram gives a breakdown（明细表）about different attitudes among undergraduate and postgraduate students towards equipments of a UK college in the year 2004.【原文】The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualifications in America and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.改后：The bar chart illustrates the diverse levels of post-school certificates in the US and the percentage of males and females holding them in 1999.Level out (变得水平；持平)Example: In 1985, earnings leveled out amongst people with a Master’s degree and with a Doctoral degree.句型、词汇、短语：As shown in the first/second …….. ,According to the …….. ,Overall, it can be seen thatThis table shows a striking difference/similarity betweenThe most striking feature of the graph is the sudden increase in the popularity in the computer games.Another fact worth noticing in the graph is that …….后面接完整的句子如果要跟名词不加thatAnother fact worth noticing in the graph is the high cost of fuels.The most remarkable point is that …….The graph shows the difference between the percentages注意用复数of males and females doing full-time jobs.在表示百分数时可以用percent或percentage percentage的一个意思就是百分比(名词)就不能直接跟在数词后面,要表示"百分之36"时,只能说"a PERCENTAGE of 36" 而不是"36 PERCENTAGE"(因为percentage只能作名词);前者用法是: 数词+percent+of+sth;这时后面谓语的单复数以percent后面跟的主语为主,例如:2 percent of the apples(这里是复数的可数名词) are(所以用复数) eaten.2 percent of the apple(这里是单数,指的是一个苹果的一部分) is(用单数) eaten.2 percent of the water(这里是不可数名词) is(单数) drunk.后者的用法是The percentage of +sth+ is, 注意这里不管后面跟的是什么词,都用is(这里忽略别的时态)1.The percentage of the students is 46.2.The percentage of the water is 46.The size of the population will increase shaply in the future..75.6 percent of the male population over sixteen ... …16岁以上男性人群的75.6％.A small/large proportion of students are ……..In Britain people spent the smallest amount of money on personal + sth.大量 a large/considerable/substantial number of 可数 a large/considerable/substantial amount of不可数少量 a small/limited/tiny number of a few of a small/limited/tiny amount of a little ofLots of /a lot of /plenty of 即可用于可数也可用于不可数过去一段时间内的情况变化，用过去式。
新东方雅思写作笔记
Academic WritingThe Academic Writing Module takes 60 minutes. Thereare two tasks to completeIt is suggested that about 20 minutes is spent on Task 1 which requires candidates to write at least 150 wordsTask 2 requires at least 250 words and should take about40 minutesIn Task 1 candidates are asked to look at a diagram or table, and to present the information in their own words. Depending on the type of input and the task suggested, candidates are assessed on their ability to1 organise, present and possibly compare data2 describe the stages of a process or procedure3 describe an object or event or sequence of events4 explain how something works.In Task 2 candidates are presented with a point of view or argument or problemCandidates are assessed on their ability to:1 present the solution to a problem2 present and justify an opinion3 compare and contrast evidence, opinions and implications4 evaluate and challenge ideas, evidence or an argumentThe topics are of general interest and it makes no difference what subjects candidates study.The issues raised are interesting, suitable for and easily understood by candidates entering postgraduate or undergraduate studiesCandidate response and markingPart of the task realisation is to respond appropriately in terms of register, rhetorical organisation, style and content Appropriate responses are short essays or general reports, addressed to tutors or examiners.Candidates may write on the Question Paper but this cannotbe taken from [he test room and will not be seen by tile examiner.Answers must be given on the Answer Sheet and must be written in full Notes are not acceptable as answersEach task is assessed independently. The assessment ofTask 2 carries more weight in marking than Task 1.Writing scripts are marked by trained and certificated IELTS examiners. Scores are reported as whole bands onlyDetailed performance descriptors have been developedwhich describe written performance at the 9 IELTS bands. These descriptors are confidential Task 1 scripts are assessedon the following criteria: Task Fulfilment, Coherence and Cohesion and V ocabulary and Sentence Structure.Task 2 scripts are assessed on performance in the following areas: Arguments, Ideas and Evidence, Communicative Quality andV ocabulary and Sentence StructureCandidates should note that scripts under the required minimum word limit will be penalised.。
新东方网络课堂雅思写作task2完整笔记(万能议论写作,基本上包括了老师说的绝大部分内容,听写极其不易)
雅思写作(留学类)——Task 2新东方网络课堂主讲人：张驰新第一节：文章题型判断Task2是考试的重头戏，首先来看审题的过程：浏览文章出题的最后一句话（写作指令句），一个有经验的考生就会这样做，现在现行的考题一共有四种题型：一，discursive （50%）讨论性题型凡是以下五种，都被认为是discursive，前三种回答没有任何限制1, T o what extent do you agree (or disagree)2, How far do you agree (or disagree)3, What`s your opinion towards the statement?4, Discuss both opinions/statements (and give your own one)5, Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?discursive的四种写法：,1，单边同意一个观点2，单边反驳一个观点3，两个观点一起论述，支持观点可以多写一点（有倾向性）4，同时论证两个观点，表示中立（无倾向性）总体来说是两种大的写法，单边写和双边写，单边写就是同意不同意，双边写就是七三开和五五开。
五种类型的后两种就必须使用双边写。
二，agree or disagree（只能单边写）三，PRR（Problem + Reason + Recommendation）why + what 25%给你一个问题，你提出原因和解决方案，这种文法类似why+what，考生在写作过程中一定要注意比例，原因和建议的比例控制在6:4。
Reason : Recorn = 6:4，如果原因很多，建议很少甚至没有那是不可能高于5分的。
这个题型在近几年开始重要记起来，占据25%。
四，A&D（双边写，五五开，保持中立的写法）A: advantageB: disadvantage这样的文法是直接问好坏处，只要把好坏处加在一起，各写50%就到位了，是保持中立的一种写法，本身比较极限，没有自由，最近已经没落了下来，07年也只考了两次。
新东方雅思 精品笔记
谬见mistaken/wrong view 定语从句状语从句名词性从句：1．主语从句2．宾语从句3．同位语从句4．表语从句主语+ 谓语动词5大常见句型6种基本成分动词：1）Vt2）Vi3) 连系动词（be动词）remain, keep, turn4) 双宾语动词5）复合宾语动词1．主语+ 谓语（vt）+ 宾语Eg: Alan bought a computer.2. 主语+ 谓语（vi）Eg: Alan cries.The students laugh.3. 主语+谓语（系动词）+ 表语Eg：I am a teacher.Alan is a lawyer.4. 主语+谓语（双宾语动词）+宾语1+宾语2Eg: I want to tell you a secret.Alan bought her a present.Evans lent her 10,000 dollars.5. 主语+ 谓语（复合宾语动词）+ 宾语+ 宾补（即修饰宾语的成分）Eg: The students consider Alan naïve/innocent.补语：1）主语补足语= 表语2）宾语补足语长句是怎么写成的？！1．在简单句的范畴内写长。
1) 加定语（即修饰名词）I nnocent Alan is a naïve teacher.Every family with or without a computer is familiar with the powerful Internet.2）加状语（即修饰动词，整个句子）To our great surprise,innocent and impoverished Alan bought an expensive computer in the Computer City last week2. 从句简单句1，简单2。
I am Alan and I am 21 years old.1) 加连词，把句子连起来。
雅思英语写作课堂笔记整理
I．定语从句1.that which who引导的定语从句a．The main reason that everyone can see is that television presents a vivid world in front of us.每个人都能看到的主要原因是，电视在我们面前展示了一个生动形象的世界。
同义词：reason=factor=cause原因•Reason：n. 理由；理性；动机•vi. 推论；劝说•vt. 推论；辩论；说服同义词：vivid=lovely=active（adj）生动活泼的present：n.礼物= giftadj.现在的、当前的= current ['kʌrənt]v.展现、显示= showb．Another factor （此处省略了which/that）we must consider is that television plays an educational role in our daily lives.我们必须考虑的另一个因素是电视在我们的日常生活中起到教育的作用。
Play a /an （important / key/ vital / significant / crucial ）role / part in sth :在····起关键的作用。
Play a leading role in : 在···中起到领导作用。
Make a /an XX function in：在···中起到····的作用c．T hose people who strongly oppose the practice claim that it violates people’s basic rights of working.强烈反对这种做法的人声称它侵犯了人们基本的工作权利。
新东方写作笔记
专题一：功能句的写法一方面另一方面：in the first place … in the second place…for one thing … for another thing …首先,其次,最后primarily … flowing that … in the final analysis …（一）原因的引入写法：1.原因太多而不能一一列举，在此刻，我想列举出最典型的一个（几个）The reason are too numerous to list one by one, and here, I would like to list the most typically one(ones)…2.我觉得有两个原因可以解释这个社会现象盛行的原因Two fundamental factors, in my mind, could account for the prevalence of negative social phenomenon. The examples are… 2.我觉得有两个原因可以解释这种精神品质重要的原因Two fundamental factors, in my mind, could account for the significance of the spirit. The examples are…（二）原因的具体写法： 1.这个社会现象可以看作是的结果。
The social phenomenon could deemed as the result/consequence of 2.某个社会现象主要起源于这对现今现象的盛行起决定作用The social phenomenon mainly sterms /originates/ dirives from which is decisive to the prevalence of this negative social phenomenon. *消极的社会现象：不完善的社会福利体制:theinsufficient social welfare system 不完善的教育体制:the insufficient social educational system*几类人的名词：游客：backpacker老年人:senior citizens老太太:a grandmotherly women eg: A grandmotherly women is playing Tai Chi on the square. 一个老太太正在广场上打太极. 残疾人：physically-challenged person(身体残疾)mentally-challenged person(身体残疾)vertically-challenged person(侏儒)（三）小标题的引入写法：在图的上方/下方有一些文字：爱心是一盏明灯，在越黑暗的地方越明亮.1.At the upper/lower part of the cartoon/drawing, there are some characters which indicate2.At the upper/lower part of the cartoon/drawing, there is a caption which indicate* Benevolence is an oil-lamp. The darker , the brighter.（四）解决措施的引入写法（多用被动句）：1.It is imperative and pressing that effective measures be adopted.这些有效措施的采取是紧迫和必要的imperative:必要的pressing：紧迫的effective:有效的2.If we keep turning a blind eye and deaf ear to this social issue, it tends to generate severe consequences.如果我们继续对这个社会问题不闻不问，它将会产生严重的后果（五）表示认为的表达写法（代替think）：1.Somebody hold the standpoint thateg: quiet a number of animal rights advocates hold the stand point that commodities associated with ivory be banned.许多动物权利保护着认为与象牙制品相关的贸易应该被制止eg: quiet a number of citizens hold the standpoint that we should not keep pets in communities be banned. 许多市民认为在社区里养宠物应该被禁止 2.From the perspective of （从某人的视角来看） 3.s.b assumed that （某些人假定认为） 4.s.b convincingly argued that （某些人坚信） 5.s.b insist that （某些人坚称） 6.s.b proposed that （某些人提议）7.It is believed that （某些人相信）8.According to my bestknowledge and personal experience, Its advantages outweigh its disadvantage.（根据我的阅历认为,利大于弊）9.It is universally acknowledged that （人们广泛认为）（六）名言的引出写法（批判性思维）： 1.There is no rose without a thorn, an is not an exception. 就像没有一朵玫瑰是不带刺的，互联网的影响也是如此。
新东方笔记整理-作文(戴云)
作文:戴云所提倡的是一种流水线式的写作的方式，平时要积累一定的写作的模块。
积累自己的模版。
作文分两部分：一：integrated writing .二：independent writing.每一部分都是0-5分。
一部分是150-225字，二部分是300字以上。
各项技能的最低得分Reading: 28 Listening: 26 Writing: 25 Speaking: 22独立写作：作文练习标准：1-5 篇：不限时，结构完整，300字左右。
6-10篇：一小时之内完成，350字以上，结构完整。
写完之后：1 拼写和语法检查。
2 有无跑题或表达不清。
11-20篇：半小时之内完成，400字以上，结构完整。
写完之后：1，2 同上，3 修饰文章。
黄金规则一The longer, the better.一篇好的文章包含以下几个方面: ﹛1 结构 2 句子 3 词语﹜句子的训练方法：1．用多种方法表达同一句意：例如：我认为：I feel \ think \ hold \ claim\ believe\ deem \maintain \ reckon \ argue \ assume that.In my opinionFrom my points of viewAs far as I am concernedI hold \ share the opinion\believe\position\standpoint\idea thatAs I see\view\perceive that the problem\question\issue\case\discussion\ argument\controversy.My viewpoint\belief\opinion is that2．补充句子——不断增加新的语法结构，如同位语，插入语，非谓语结构，各种从句，多于25字。
在一篇文章中至少三句。
3．句式变换(1).开头的变换。
新东方张弛新 雅思大小作文笔记(10.0学生版)
张驰新IDP testee R&D –Version/zhangchixinmake one’s debut10 taboosFlow chart（随笔分类）雅思写作互动及欣赏区新闻“报”料雅友大联盟Y147Full…archive 显示所有文章回家复习计划必下载文件：张驰新雅思资料最权威下载小新课堂笔记version 9.0雅思回家复习计划ppt——置顶的最后一个贴雅思论据大汇总(2 句)be scattered with雅思必备200句（保6分）It is acknowledged that （5 句）Routine Rubric 常项题型Seldom Rubric 偷袭题型Insight Into IELTSmake one’s debutProcess=Flow chart Compare—summarize 共性Contrast—analyze 个性sterilize deshaperocket plummetsoar slumpsurge subsideboom ebbcreep up creep downaccrue abateleap diprally retrievedormant整数单位程度副词每栏掌握两个Task 1的3种基本句型mildlysurge= rise moderatelysoar=rise sharplyboom=rise gently实义副词绝对描述系统verb（天龙八部）相对描述系统junk verb +adverbA: rise sharply/maximallyB: rise comparatively gentlyD: rise gently/minimallyC: rise comparatively sharplyB2: rise sharplyA2: rise comparatively sharplymore less 绝对性副词perfect10，100，1000，accrue=rise gradually and gentlyleap=rise smoothly and sharply起落同幅rise and fall evenly60%= three-fifths// three out of five= a/the majority of= a large/striking/dominant/leading portion/part/share/proportion/percentage/margin of>80% （93%）= a lion’s share5%= a minority of, a marginal/micro/slim/tiny/small-scaled/meagre portion37.8%= maximum/comparatively a majority of （<50%的最大值）comparatively a minority of WRONG7.3%87%/76%/53%饼图的三句万能句型1）数据+抄题+导入宾语Band 52）主语+“占据”（先特征，后数据）Band 63）剩余数据Band 7(Combo)“占据”的讲法：a)constituteb)make upc)be the factor(s)/instrument(s) of 致成物the remaining a.the rest a./n.the remainder n.the remnant n.in the charge of – sbdue to//owing to//attributed/ascribed to//for//oriented to—sthPie Chart的审题过程：1.看文字信息2.标题审题标1\2\32>1>32:极端数据及其周围（与之接近）数据1:一般数据3:落单数据例4:Food and drink, Other items cover ed comparatively a majority of the Average weekly expenditure, with 26% and 24% respectively.Task 1的时态：1）现在时——无时间2）过去时——过去时间3）将来时——将来时间●从过去到将来——现在时两种禁忌时态：1）现在完成时（描述阶段）Since 1970, there has been a large increase.2）现在进行时On the other hand, Recreation and education, Clothing accounted for a small portion of the expenditure, with 17% altogether.●“累加”的写法：totaling 17%//amounting to 17%//adding up to 17%//with a total of 17%//equaling 17%When added up, they amount to ___19% of the expenditure was shared by Housing and power. Furthermore, the remaining 14% was due to Transport and communication.两个图写作顺序：1）先写一个，另一个再比2）直接联动红书P78:Coal occupied the maximal portion//was the biggest instrument of the sources of energy, with 47% while Nuclear accounted for a tiny share, with only 1%. Furthermore, 28% altogether of the energy was shared by Oil and Hydro. The remaining 24% was due to Natural Gas.1）In 1980, the percentage of Coal increased/crept up by 4%//to 51%.2）There was an increase/creeping-up of 4% in the percentage of Coal.3）We can witness…4）The year of 1980 witness ed/reflected…5） A outnumber/ outpercentage B by…A比B大3000.A outnumbersB by 3000.A: Coal in/of 1980B: that in 1970=its counterpart对等物eg. Coal in 1980 outpercentaged its counterpart by 4 percent.Coal was the biggest/leading//predominant/outstanding/striking instrument among its counterpart s.while Nuclear rocketed by 10 times.the percentage of Nuclear was 11 times//eleven-fold that of its counterpart“倍数的讲法”参考红书P58-60There was an increase of 10 times in Nuclear.We can witness…The year of 1980 witnessed…Coal in 1980 outpercentaged its counterpart by 10 timesOil almost remained stable.There was a decrease of 4% in the percentage of Hydro. In addition, the year of 1980 witnessed a slump of 9% in Natural Gas. What is worth mentioning is Oil was almost morose during the decade.Through the charts, we can easily draw the conclusion that the new source of energy, particularly Nuclear was given full play while the traditional ones, though still dominant, reached their bottleneck/ceiling to some extent.●两个图的写作原则：3+5第一张图——3句万能句型第二张图——涨/跌/平的比较，5个数据2涨+2跌+（1平）数据很多的时候：第一张图分三种情况：最大的——2号句型最小的——1号句型中间的——3号句型破纸P2Social…, ad, edu, sci cover comparatively a majority of their main fields of study, with …respectively, while 2.24%, 1.84% and 2.10% are shared by... The remaining percentages are in moderation, with 5.53% for , 7.4% and 9.35% respectively.increase max:min Social Science●三个以上图的写作原则直接联动（曲线图写作模式）line chart连词、副词连接顺接：furthermore, moreover, in addition, additionally, next, in the following, what is worth mentioning（值得一提的是）, what is interesting, what should not be neglected(不能忽略的是), last, on the other hand, meanwhile转折：while, on the other hand, conversely, on the contrary, what is so different isLine Chart●形态划分法——最简单的图●点位划分法——较复杂的图●水平划分法——极其复杂的图●比较划分法——两根曲线Para 2:总分句All trends(动态)/statistics(静态)/charts(多图) can be categorized/classified into ____ stages(时间)/groups(无时间)/types(多图) with (“general” trends or characteristics).●general=junk words2 groups with predominance of Humanities in 1990 and 1994 and predominance of Business in 1996, 1998 and 2000. Applied subjectswith fluctuating from Jan to June, rising sharply from June to Aug, falling sharply from Aug to Oct and rising gently from Oct to Dec.with fluctuating from Jan to Jun, rising from Jun to Aug, Oct to Dec, falling from Aug to Oct.with fluctuating gently from Jan to Jun and fluctuating sharply from Jun to Dec.点位划分法：with fluctuating evenly and gently from Jan to Jun and fluctuating evenly and sharply from Jun to Dec.●Specific Description:用天龙八部和句式变换来描述Version One:It fluctuated within a small range from Jan to June. Then it soared, reaching a peak at 3000 in Aug and slumped, bottoming out at about 1250 in Oct. Finally, there was a boom/rally till the end of the year.Version Two:Harry’s annual sales of hamburgers were volatile slightly during the first half year, followed by leaping till its zenith at 3000 in Aug. We can witness a sudden slump to Oct, echoed by booming till Dec.Creative Writing“Band 9” Version图表系统结合文字系统图表：reach a peak in Aug文字：The hamburger sold best in summer.Few people would buy hamburgers in Autumn, esp, Oct.Hamburger encountered a recession in Oct//a sales waterloo/catastrophe.All trends can be categorized into 2 stages with rising and falling sharply (6-10, 16-20) and rising and falling evenly (11-15, 20-22).相似度：1）大起大落sharplythe1957 to 1960, followed by subsiding in the following/next 6 years. We can witness a trend of ebbing till 1972. In the end, there was an abating to its bottom at about 90 in 1974.P72All statistics can be categorized into 3 stages with the equilibrium均势of/in the birth and death rates in the first decade of the 20th century, the predominance of birth rate in the following two decades, and the predominance of death rate from 1930 to 1970(in the consecutive 40 years).As to the birth rate, stabilization in the first ten years was followed by leaping to its zenith at 60 per thousand in 1920. We can witness a clear slump to almost one-third of the zenith in 1940. The next 20 years reflected an even rise and fall. Finally it abated to the trough in 1970.Contrary to the birth rate, the death one continued to creep down after the overlapping period till 1930, when a rally was shown between 1930 and 1940. Fortunately, fewer people died in the rest years, with ebbing to the nadir in 1970. What is worth mentioning is that both birth and death rates reached the bottom level in 1970.As to death rate, it abated from 1900 to 1930, followed by soaring to its peak at 5% in 1940. We can see an ebbing till 1970.In the respect of birth rate, the first decade witnessed stabilization, followed by leaping to its peak/zenith at nearly 6% in 1920. It slumped to 2% in 1940 and rose and fell evenly in the next two decades. Finally it had the similar trend with its counterpart, death rate.Sample Topic 13All charts can be categorized into 2 types with absoluteness type for Full-time males and Part-time females and alternation type for Full-time females and Part-time males.概括描写（不同趋势、句型导入）The trend of 1973 fluctuated within a large range.So did the trend of 1993作业：1）红书P78 3+52）破纸P2 3+53）破纸P3 分线描写4）红书P72 分线描写5）复习“天龙八部”TABLE表格的描述顺序是以时间（趋势）作为主线，非时间作为辅线（一句话）五种技术举例方法：➢极端数字举例法➢范围法➢平均值举例法➢类比法➢反比法basically soar except in 1995crept down to 1995 and rallied till 1998All trends can be categorized into 2 groups with fluctuating in Holiday, Visits to friends and relatives, Other reasons, TOTAL and rising in Business.TABLE23, 37, 41, 57, 6347，53，42，46，58Holiday: basically soar ExtremeBusiness: boom RangeOther reasons: rise and fall evenly AverageTOTAL: Similarity13, 24, 27, 35, 4347, 56, 42, 49, 574，7，11，16，2345，56，60，76，86Omnipotent 万能法①/②Rare ③Frequent④/⑤32，36，46，53，5733，37，47，54，59类比的四种句型：This is the similar/identical case with…This is true of …So does…This can be paralleled with …反比的三种句型：This is the opposite with…This is converse/reverse with …This is contrary to …无序（无规律）数据用1/2，甚至不举（看字数需要）表格题的风格：Technical Table (随意选取栏目)Strategic Table (Screening甄别；筛选)红书P73●一定要写的项目：√●说明公司：Despite the increasing net sales of ABC Company, the rate of increase is deteriorating. Furthermore, the Costs and expenses were not controlled properly, leading to the plain increase of Net income with a decline after 1998.表格题审题顺序：1）确定写作顺序（横？纵？）10 sec2）表格审题编号——先趋势，后数据✧在表格左边空白区域标上trend编号30 sec✧写出all trends那句话（总分句）2 min✧在表格右边空白区域进行数据方法的编号2-3 min✧进行数据的描写10 minIn terms of the industries of Britain, the percentage of Manual Labourers fluctuated within a large range, reaching a peak at 61% in 1970 and bottoming out at 20% in 1990. This was the opposite with the trend of employees in Computer Industry. People engaged in Finance showed an undulation within a range of 10%. Agriculture witnessed a creeping-up of employment,averaging out at nearly 20%.表格题比较原则：有可比点的比，没有可比点的不要比“可比点”表示差异性（相反）“没有可比点”表示同质性(similarity)或不相关性(irrelevancy)横向比较结果：In Britain, Manual Labour was the largest industry drawing employees, while most people in China, were engaged in Agriculture.纵向比较结果：Agriculture witnessed a converse trend in aspect of employment for both countries. In China, Computer Industry and Finance were prone to be booming industries.红书P74All trends can be categorized into 3 groups with rising in income and the expenses of Food, Housing, Medical, falling in the expenses of Others, and stabilizing of Entertainment and Savings.Generally speaking, we can witness a soar in the trend of income from 1980 t0 1985. Focusing on the various expenses in 1980, Others and Housing accounted for the comparatively a majority of the expenses, with 35% and 25% respectively. 28% altogether was shared by Food and Medical. Furthermore, the remaining 12% was a tiny portion occupied by Entertainment and Savings. In the aspect of 1985,表格题的类型：Dynamic Table（有趋势）Static Table（无趋势）纯比较——用多种语法形式来变换BAR CHART柱状图的本质——其它三种题型用柱子来表示。
07XDF作文笔记基本完整版
10、 内容（ 观点 、思维 ） 11、试卷结构
①A 节：100－120 词应用性短文，包括信件、 便笺、备忘录等
②B 节：160-200 词的短文
作业：讲义 P1、P2 P7-20 P45-5
第 3页 共 3 页
07 金榜题名系列之 XDF 作文笔记
hnxyscpl 友情制作
hnxyscpl 友情制作
需要背诵的小作文：补充材料的 1、5、6、10、14、 17（书信） 23、26（告示） 八字方针：背诵（精彩词汇；精彩句型；精彩的句子； 万能的框架；经典范文）、默写、中译英(补充材料 P19、P37)、写作 背诵的的要求：滚瓜烂熟 、脱口而出 新概念英语三册十大经典范文:1、12、22、23、27、 41、44、50、56、57
According to the recent survey／ data ／ figure／ statistics ／ study by the Chinese Academy of Social
Science, … %(per cent) … .
举 例（Exemplification）:
Numerous examples can be given, but this／these will suffice.
二、考研英语写作常见问题及对策 （讲义 P8） 1、2 指内容；3、4 指结构；5、6、7 指语言
考研英语写作一般考的是人们普遍关注的社会性话题： contemporary common interests 具有永恒价值的话题：permanent value 虐待： mistrart / maltreat / illtreat 赡养：financially support
新东方的作文笔记(自己总结)
以下资料是我在新东方的作文笔记。
将其整理，上传给大家分享。
开始之前，送大家两句话-----“Chances always favor the prepared winds.”幸运女神总是青睐有准备的人“A penny saved is a penny earned.”积少成多首先，来看看作文评卷标准。
1 结构清晰2词汇变化3句型变化4错误较少其次是战略（strategies）1结构第一：面子问题----注意书写（分体）、格式（顶格/隔行）标点（中英文标点区别）、字数控制、注意拼写。
2语言第二：表达不要“怪”、变化不要“少”；错误不要“多”。
说明：think important more and more hard 这些“初级“词汇尽量用考研大纲的单词来替换。
参考替换词汇：Think: maintain, suppose, insist, propose,present ,consider, argueas far as I am concerned, in my eyes, to my knowledge, for my part （think 着用这些词汇或短语来替换）important: vital, crucial, critical, essential, fundamental, significant,dominant, decisive,principal,primary, indispensable.More and moe: a grawing number ofan increasing amount ofhard: harsh tough arduous3内容第三：思想大众化，思想健康化。
态度积极，避免敏感政治话题注意：标题不要写最后看看具体操作1 名言的活用在熟练背诵名言的前提下，可以根据文章主题来自由发挥。
如将其改编，改写。
EX1：,All roads lead to Romans.改写后：All roads lead to “success”.EX2:Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.---John F.kennedy改写后：Ask not what your “parents” can do for you; ask what you can do for your “parents.”不要问你的父母能为你做什么，而要问你能为父母做什么。
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一、概括：1.写作考试介绍：Time: 60mins 20mins TASK1 150words40mins TASK2 250words2.考试题型：TASK1Process 和Introduction 题目罕见出现。
TASK2I. DiscussEg: 2005年7月9日Some people think the government should pay for health care and education, but other people do not think it the government’s responsibility. Discuss both and give your opinion.II. Advantages and DisadvantagesEg: 2005年5月14日Some school leavers go to travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages for their studies?III. Agree or DisagreeEg: 2005年6月25日People think that the news media has influenced people’s lives nowadays, and it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?IV. Your OpinionEg: 2005年3月5日Some academic subjects are useful for children’s future career while others such as music and sports are not so useful. What is your opinion. Give your reasons.V. Problem, Reasons and SolutionsEg: 2005年1月22日Statistics suggest that nowadays an increasing number of crimes are committed by the young people. Explain the reasons for this and give solutions.二、小作文解析（T ASK 1）：1．通用格式：⑴OPENING—1SENTENCE--- A. Paraphrase 5W& B. Overall trendⅠ.Line phasesⅡ.Pie classificationⅢ.Bar the gap between A&Be.g. The graphs and charts tell us a clear overview of the characteristics and trends of……It can be seen from the table that…..详细见白书P6/下，“Referable IELTS Writing opening &writing”●RULE 1：A.不可以抄题目B.不可以写“According to ….”，只能写“In that figure….”C.不可以写“below/following”D.不可以写“that/this”E.第一段不出现数据⑵ENDING--- 1SENTENCE--- A. Repetition / FeatureB. Hidden characteristics(查找图表等中的隐性特质)e.g. What is worth mentioning is that since the overall percentages exceeded100%.It can be indicated that some adults chose several seasons forstudy.C. Exception (All rise, with the exception of A, a decline by…..) 拿高分的同位语D. No ending (多可爱的结尾啊，当然前提是字数够了)⑶BODY --- 6-8SENTENCES A. 整体趋势：分阶段描述（白书P7）e.g. The number of marriage in Scotland fell very sharply between 1960 and 1970, andcontinued to decline until around 1985 though at a slower rate. From 1985onwards there was a gradual increase in the number of marriage which leveled offin 1984.B．导入数据方式：整体趋势+数字（白书P8）●RULE 2：A.不可以有Objective (主观意见)B.不可以出现“cause\therefore\thus\hence”C.不可以用“I/We”等D.用TIME（时间）做主语会有高分e.g. The past decade saw/witnessed a dramatic/moderate/gentle increase of sth.白书P11/ Recite increase n / a.b.c●RULE 3: CAREFULB．用1分钟—看Rubric、X/Y轴、单位、图例、排列顺序。
C．精确性—图例中常常出现technical tramp，特别表现在数据的描述上。
若某一年份的数值指向不明确，不可以绝对化。
以“before\after\approximately\nearly”代替●RULE 4: 时态一般现在时（开头）（结论）/ 一般过去时（如1998年等过去的年份）当有过去与将来时同时出现，则通篇使用一般现在时。
2.各个击破⑴PIE CHART1 PIE 见示例多PIE Different topic , 各写各的,隐蔽的significant 放在最后e.g. The total losses equal the total inputs to maintain a balance within thebody. (红书P81)The same topic示例:Single pie(分类) classification --- 比例大小\图例性质\COUNTRIES(发达\发展中)\TRENDS\合并相似项\相反项Ranking (排名)(蛋糕占得最大的是老大,要单独列开)白书P12. … dominated…./… occupied the majority of…..剩下的( the remaining of sth….)占(be\make up\amount to \ account for\ stand at) …%(可以改为分数,nine of the ten\a lion’s share)( 线图中也可使用)Transition ( 并列\递进\比较与对照…….)Some piesA.找绝对值(MAX\MIN)B.找相对值( 增长中\下降中MAX&MIN,不变值)方式1: 80’s 与90’s 各写一段方式2:上升\下降各写一段红书p74/78 参考⑵TABLE \表格(往往可以转换成线图来写)A.Extreme (描述最高点与最低点)e.g. The general trend of the visits abroad by UK residents for holiday was surging comparatively dramatically, reaching a peak at 20700 in 1998 and bottoming out at 14898 in 1995.B.Range (最大-最小约等于整数时适用)e.g. Visits abroad by UK residents by business surged gently within a range of approximately 800.C.Average (用于相对平稳的数值变化)e.g. Visits abroad by UK residents for other reasons surged and subsided evenly averaging out at nearly 1000.D.Similaritye.g. This is the case with the trend of total.POINT: 找出表格中数值的SIMILARITY\DIFFERENCE.⑶BAR \柱形图(白书P19)A.年份+单根柱(等同于线图)B.东西+单根柱(等同于饼图)C.年份/东西+多根柱a.年份+多根柱---- 找出共同点与不同点,比较异同.b.东西+年份+多根柱---- 年份+单根柱(线图) p19⑷Line chart\线图将线条分成几个阶段来说:A.Physical --- 有持平阶段,单独列开; 有跌有涨则放在一起.B.Situational—根据情形来分割线,例如: London underground station,可按照上下班时间等来分割.parative P22/ timber\ pulp\ paper (三条不同走向的线)1st, 做比较(一头一尾, 头: timber>pulp>paper….)2nd, 各管各的说, timber : rage and …..pulp: 在paper之上paper: 与pulp 相似⑸Process /流程图A. 跟着走B.图上的词都可以抄C.Sequential first/ next/finallyBefore/after/once。