定语从句考点聚焦和精讲中考英语语法复习
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十二讲:定语从句
中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十二讲:定语从句一. 教材分析定语从句是中考英语语法中的重要内容,也是学生难以掌握的部分。
本讲主要围绕定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法进行讲解。
通过本讲的学习,学生能够理解定语从句的概念,掌握定语从句的分类和引导词,学会如何运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
二. 学情分析定语从句是学生在初中阶段接触到的较复杂的语法知识,对于部分学生来说可能存在一定的难度。
学生在学习过程中可能会对定语从句的分类和引导词产生混淆,同时也容易在实际运用中出现错误。
因此,教师在教学过程中需要耐心引导,让学生逐步理解和掌握定语从句的用法。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标:使学生理解定语从句的概念,掌握定语从句的分类和引导词,了解定语从句的用法。
2.能力目标:培养学生运用定语从句修饰名词或代词的能力,提高学生的英语表达能力。
3.情感目标:激发学生学习英语语法的兴趣,增强学生自信心,培养学生的合作精神。
四. 说教学重难点1.重点:定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法。
2.难点:定语从句在实际语境中的运用,特别是关系代词和关系副词的用法。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.采用情境教学法,通过设置各种真实的语境,让学生在实际语境中学习和运用定语从句。
2.运用多媒体教学手段,如PPT、视频等,直观地展示定语从句的用法,增强学生的学习兴趣。
3.分组讨论法,让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法,互相学习,共同进步。
4.任务型教学法,通过完成各种任务,让学生在实践中运用定语从句,提高学生的实际运用能力。
六. 说教学过程1.导入:通过一个谜语引发学生对定语从句的好奇心,激发学生的学习兴趣。
2.讲解:讲解定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法,结合实例进行分析。
3.练习:让学生进行定语从句的练习,及时纠正学生在练习中出现的错误。
4.情境创设:设置各种真实的语境,让学生在语境中运用定语从句。
5.分组讨论:让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法,互相学习,共同进步。
九年级初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习
一、定语从句的概念定语从句的用法和精练在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who( 宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。
非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法(一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法作用宾语先行词主语及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词宾语被提前的的介定语词宾语指人Who/that, as Who/whom/that,as 介词+whom Whose/ofwhom指物Which/that, as That/which, as 介词+which Whose/of which1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛. The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue我.丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
(that 作主语)放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。
(that 作宾语)2. which 用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarke位t.家超市。
(作主语)于火车站附近的那座大楼是一The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。
2024年中考英语专题复习之定语从句用法归纳
2024届中考英语专题复习之定语从句用法归纳定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它通常由关系代词who、whom、whose、which或关系副词when、where、why引导。
定语从句可以用来修饰名词或代词,起到补充说明的作用。
在初中阶段,学生需要掌握定语从句的用法和特点,以便更好地理解和运用英语语法。
一、定语从句的类型关系代词定语从句关系代词who、whom、whose、which和that都可以引导定语从句,但它们的使用有所不同。
who引导的定语从句用来修饰人,例如:She is the person who gave me the book.(她是给我书的人。
)whom引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物,例如:He is the man whom I saw yesterday.(我是昨天看见的那个人。
)whose引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物,例如:This is the house whose windows were broken last week.(这是上周被打破了的窗户的房子。
)which引导的定语从句用来修饰名词,例如:I saw the movie which was directed by my favorite director.(我看了我最喜爱的导演执导的电影。
)that引导的定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,例如:That is the building which I want to visit.(那就是我想参观的建筑。
) 关系副词定语从句关系副词when、where、why也可以引导定语从句,但它们的使用有所不同。
when引导的定语从句用来修饰时间,例如:I met her when she was a student.(我见她的时候她还是学生。
)where引导的定语从句用来修饰地点,例如:I will meet you where we agreed.(我会在我们商定的地点见你。
[全]中考英语语法全考点详解:定语从句
中考英语语法全考点详解:定语从句定语从句概述1定语从句的概念和位置在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。
定语从句通常位于被修饰词(即先行词)之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导。
I like music that I can dance to. 我喜欢我能随着跳舞的音乐。
This is the teaching building which was built last year. 这就是去年建成的教学楼。
Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music.卡门喜欢演奏不同种类的乐曲的音乐家。
2先行词和关系词被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
指代先行词,放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句的某一成分(主语、宾语、表语、状语等)的词叫关系词。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,who,whom,whose,which等;关系副词有when,where,why等。
The man who wears glasses is my father.(who是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语)戴眼镜的那个人是我爸爸。
You must do everything that I do.(that是关系代词,在定语从句中作宾语)我做的每件事你必须都做。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.(where是关系副词,在定语从句中作状语)这是我两年前住过的房子。
注意关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当句子成分,因此定语从句中不能再重复出现相当于先行词的词。
This is the pen that you are looking for. (√)This is the pen that you are looking for the pen. (×)这就是你一直在找的那支钢笔。
2024年九年级中考英语一轮复习定语从句中考高频考点总结(讲义)
2024届九年级中考英语一轮复习【语法专题】定语从句中考高频考点总结(讲义)九年级英语教研室整理概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。
关系词的作用:1、放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用。
2、在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
注:限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
关系代词的用法1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语。
例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.(that作宾语,可以省略)用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语。
例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.(作主语)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. (作宾语可以省略), whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。
在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。
例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.(作主语)Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?(作宾语)特别注意:1)当关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时,可省略。
中考定语从句知识点总结
中考定语从句知识点总结一、定语从句的概念定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,通常用来说明这个名词或代词的特征、性质、身份、情况等。
定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,也是中考语法中的重点内容之一。
二、定语从句的分类1. 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that 等。
例如:This is the book that I bought yesterday.(这就是我昨天买的书。
)2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词有:when, where, why 等。
例如:Do you still remember the day when we first met?(你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗?)三、定语从句的结构关系代词引导的定语从句结构为:关系代词+谓语+其他成分。
例如:The man who is talking with my father is a famous writer.(和我父亲在谈话的那个人是一位著名的作家。
)关系副词引导的定语从句结构为:关系副词+谓语+其他成分。
例如:This is the place where we used to play when we were children.(这就是我们小时候经常玩耍的地方。
)四、定语从句的用法1. 修饰名词或代词定语从句常常用来修饰名词或代词,说明其特征、性质、身份等。
例如:The girl who wears a red dress is my sister.(穿红裙子的那个女孩是我姐姐。
)2. 引导并且限制先行词定语从句常常用来引导并且限制先行词的范围,使其具有特定的指代含义。
例如:I like the book that you lent me.(我喜欢你借给我的那本书。
)3. 用来说明特定情况定语从句还常常用来说明特定情况,以便更准确地描述或说明特定的情况。
例如:Do you know the reason why she left?(你知道她离开的原因吗?)五、定语从句的语法操练1. 先行词定语从句一般都有一个先行词,先行词前后所在的句子中都不可缺少,主要是为了给定语从句找到位置做准备。
初中英语精讲精练--语法学习之定语从句相关考点与高频考点
初中英语语法学习之定语从句相关考点与高频考点考点一、介词与关系代词连用作介词与关系代词连用的习题时,要看两点:一看先行词前需要什么介词,二看定语从句的谓语动词后需要什么介词。
最简单的方式就是将定语从句还原成一个独立的句子,结果就一目了然。
如:1、The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (定语从句还原就是:The bridge is supposed to be built at the place. 这样就可以判断引导词需要介词at。
也可以看先行词the place前需要介词at进行判断。
)2、I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction from which she had come.(从句还原就是:She had come from the direction,所以定语从句用from which 引导。
)3、There was a single person in the street to whom she turned for help.(从定语从句的谓语动词turn可构成词组turn to sb. for help 就可以判断应该填to whom。
)4、The man about whom I talked just now is from Beijing University.(根据定语从句的谓语动词talk判断后需要of或about,因此此处需要about/of whom)考点二、从句中的主谓一致当定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词必须与先行词保持一致,这时引导词与谓语动词的数无关。
2023年中考英语必考语法—定语从句用法技巧复习 讲义
01定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
连接主句和从句的词叫关系词。
先行词 + 关系词(关系代词 / 关系副词)+ 从句剩余部分。
02定语从句的关键词引导定语从句的关系词可以分为关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词有 that,which, who, whom, whose 等;关系副词包括 where, when, why 等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
03关系代词的用法1.关系代词的作用(1)引导定语从句,连接主从句(2)代替先行词(3)在从句中担当一定的成分2.关系代词的选择定语从句中关系代词的选择由先行词和关系代词在从句中担当的成分决定。
The girl who/that helped me yesterday is a nurse.(代替 the girl,作从句的主语,不可省略)The girl (who/whom/that) I helped yesterday is a nurse.(代替 the girl,作从句的宾语,可省略)(作定语,不可省略)I saw a man whose hair is long yesterday.(作定语,不可省略)3.必须用 that 的情况(1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用 that。
例如:Helen is always the first student that arrives at school.(2)被修饰的先行词为 all, any, much, many,everything, anything 等不定代词时,只能用 that。
(3)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, little等词修饰时,只能用 that。
2024年中考英语语法知识精讲之定语从句讲义
2024年初中英语语法知识精讲之定语从句定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,也是高考英语语法试题中经常出现的考点。
下面我将为大家归纳一些常见的英语定语从句考点,希望对大家有所帮助。
一、定语从句的定义定语从句是指修饰一个名词或代词的从句,通常由关系代词who、whom、whose、what或关系副词when、where、why引导。
The man who I saw at the party is my friend.(关系代词)The place where I saw her at the party is a beautiful park.(关系副词)The book that I read last week is very interesting.(限制性定语从句)The book, which I read last week, is very interesting.(非限制性定语从句)The woman whom he met at the airport is his wife.(关系代词)The job that I applied for last month was too difficult for me.(限制性定语从句) The job, which I applied for last month, was too difficult for me.(非限制性定语从句)The car that I saw on the street belongs to my neighbor.(关系代词)The car, which I saw on the street, belongs to my neighbor.(非限制性定语从句)二、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句用来限定名词或代词的范围,通常不能省略;而非限制性定语从句则可以用来提供更多的信息,通常可以省略。
专题16.定语从句考点聚焦和精讲-中考英语语法复习(原卷版)
定语从句考点聚焦和精讲1. 定语从句的定义:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 定语从句的先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语。
3. 定语从句的关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1. 引导定语从句。
2. 代替先行词。
3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
4. 定语从句的结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
5. 关系代词引导的定语从句The woman visited our factory yesterday is an Australian friend. 昨天参观我们工厂的女士是一位澳大利亚朋友。
1.This is the student I met yesterday. 这是我昨天见到的那个学生。
2.Who’s that man you just talked to? 刚才与你谈话的那个男人是谁?3.The man you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚遇见的那个人是我的朋友。
1.The shoe shop is a shop sells shoes. 鞋店是销售鞋的商店。
2.The book I read last night was wonderful. 我昨晚看的那本书很精彩。
1.She is one of the students works very hard. 她是最用功的学生中的一个。
2.A library is a place people like very much. 图书馆是一个人们非常喜欢的地方。
1.This is our classmate, Mary, home is not far from our school. 这是我们的同学玛丽,她的家离我们学校不远。
九年级定语从句知识点归纳
九年级定语从句知识点归纳定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,也是九年级学生需要掌握的知识点之一。
定语从句用来修饰某个名词或代词,起到进一步描述、限定或补充信息的作用。
在本文中,我将归纳整理九年级定语从句的相关知识点,帮助大家更好地理解和运用。
一、定语从句的基本结构定语从句由引导词(关系代词或关系副词)和从句两部分组成。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that等;关系副词有:where, when, why等。
从句在句子中作为修饰成分出现,通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:The boy who is reading a book is my brother.(引导词:who,从句修饰boy)That is the school where I study.(引导词:where,从句修饰school)二、定语从句的引导词的选择1. 人的关系- 主格:who(指代主语),that(作宾语时,也可指代主语)- 宾格:whom(指代宾语)2. 物的关系- 指人或物:which(作主语或宾语)- 指物:that(作主语或宾语),也可指人3. 所有格- 物主代词:whose(指代人或物)4. 地点- where(指代地点)5. 时间- when(指代时间)6. 原因- why(指代原因)三、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,也可以将定语从句放在句子的开头或结尾。
需要注意的是,在非限定性定语从句中,逗号常常用于隔开定语从句和主句。
1. 放在名词或代词之后的定语从句:The girl who is singing is my sister.2. 放在句子开头的定语从句:Who is the person that can solve this problem?3. 放在句子结尾的定语从句:I bought a new car, which is very expensive.四、定语从句的省略当定语从句中的主语和主句的主语相同时,可以将引导词和 be 动词省略。
初中英语语法专项复习之定语从句考点归纳
初中英语语法专项复习之定语从句考点归纳限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、修饰的作用,关系代词有that,which,whom,who,whose以及关系副词when,where等,没有明显的逗号把从句与主语分开,表达的意思为被修饰词的一个定语。
非限制性定语从句:作用相当于一种插入语或者对先行词的一种解释,和先行词之间只有比较松散的关系,文字中常常用逗号将其与主句分开,用法其实与限制性定语从句极为相似,只是不能用that做修饰词。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别:①同先行词的关系上:限制性定语从句同先行词关系密切,如果去掉会影响整个意义的表达;非限制性定语从句同先行词的关系不密切,删掉后不影响总体意思的表达。
例:A shop should keep a stock of goods which sells best.商店应存有最畅销的货物。
(若去掉定语从句句意将改变)②形式上:限制性定语从句通常不与先行词隔开,非限制性定语从句用逗号同先行词隔开。
③使用的关联代词:由that ,who, which等关联代词引导的限制性定语从句中,当关联代词在从句中作宾语或表语时可以省略,whom作为动词宾语或作为介词宾语但没有与介词紧挨时可以用who替代;在非限制性定语从句中不可省略关联代词,且不可使用关联代词that,whom不可用who来替代。
例:The purpose of this trip was to record the wildlife and plants (that/which) we found in the forest.这次旅行的目的是把我们在森林里发现的野生动物和植物记录下来。
④限制性定语从句只修饰先行词,而非限制性定语从句可以修饰先行词、句子的一部分或是整个句子。
例:We don't like this room,which is too cold.我们不喜欢这个房间,它太冷了。
定语从句知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) (10)
定语从句知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)1. 根据定义定特点在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。
两个句子之间通过关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose) 或关系副词(when, where, why)连接起来。
定语从句前的那个被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。
如:Running Man is a very relaxing TV program which is popular among the young people. 主句:Running Man is a very relaxing TV program 从句:which is popular among the young people先行词:TV program 关系代词:which因此, 如果确定是考查定语从句, 我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项, 如:what。
2. 根据成分选连词在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则。
(1) 一看指人还是物先行词指人:that, who (曲靖:2016.39), whose, whom先行词指物:that (曲靖:2016.45), which, whose (2) 二看句中作何用① 当先行词是all, little, much, none, everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时(曲靖:2017.40)。
--- Tom told his mother all that had happened. 汤姆把发生的所有事情告诉了他的妈妈。
① 当先行词前面有the only, the very, the last等修饰时。
--- This is the only book that I can find. 这就是我能找到的唯一的一本书。
① 当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。
---The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shanghai. 为我们足球队踢足球的那个最高的运动员来自上海。
2024年中考备考重点语法知识点汇总与解题方法定语从句讲义
2024中考备考重点语法知识点汇总与解题方法定语从句1. 基本概念在复合句中作定语,修饰名词、代词等的从句叫定语从句。
在复合句中,被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等,叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
定语从句的作用相当于形容词,故又被称为形容词性从句。
1).先行词被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等称为先行词。
先行词一般出现在定语从句之前例句(画线部分为先行词)Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage?你认识在舞台上唱歌的那个姑娘吗?This is the museum which was built last year.这就是去年建成的博物馆。
Let's find a place where we can have a picnic.我们找一个能野餐的地方吧。
例句:The boys who/that are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩们是一班的。
(who/that作主语)Mr. Liu is the person(whom/that) you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
(whom/that作宾语)This is the pen(which/that) he bought yesterday.这是他昨天买的钢笔。
(which/that作宾语)I'll cherish the moment when I met Lisa.我将珍惜我和莉萨见面的时刻。
(作时间状语)Is there a shop around where we can get fruit?附近有没有我们能买到水果的地方?(where作地点状语)We don't know the reason why they didn't attend the meeting. (why 作原因状语)关系词的作用:①引导定语从句②代替先行词③在定语从句中担当一个成分注意:关系词可以指代先行词,因此在定语从句中不能再重复先行词或指先行词的代词。
初中英语定语从句语法及考点归纳
定语从句定语从句(Attributive Clauses)通常皆放在它所修饰的名、代词之后,这种名、代词就叫做先行词。
引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句在下面几种情况下必须用关系代词that引导定语从句:(1) 先行词是不定代词all ,few, little, everything ,nothing anything, none等。
如:Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?(2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级。
如:This is the best movie I’ve ever seen.这是我看到过的最好的一部电影。
(3) 先行词被all, any ,every ,each, few, little, no ,some等修饰时。
如:I have read all the books(that )you gave me.我读了你给我的所有的书。
(4) 先行词被the only , the every ,the same, the last 修饰时。
如:He is the only person that I want to talk to .他就是我要谈话的那个人。
(5) 当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时。
如:They are talking about things and persons that they remembered. 他们在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人和事。
(6) 为避免重复,在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中。
如:Who is the girl that is crying ?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?Which of the books that borrowed from the library is yours从图书馆借的哪一本书是你的?(7) 用作关系代词,修饰表示时间的名词如day, time , moment 代替when 。
中考英语语法:定语从句考点归纳
中考英语语法:定语从句考点归纳【命题趋势】根据对定语从句部分全国各省市中考试题的分析可知,其考查重点为:1. 定语从句的功用和结构2. 关系代词和关系副词的功用3. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法【考点诠释】一、考查以that与which引导的定语从句1.通常只能用that的情况1)当先行词是不定代词a11,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing,everything 等时。
2)先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11,any,every,each,few,little,no,some,the only.the very.the last等修饰时。
3)如果先行词既指人又指物,应用关系代词that。
【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend.A. thatB. whenC. who[答案]A。
[解析]在定语从句中,引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。
由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。
2.通常只用which的情况(1)引导非限定性定语从句,用关系代词which指代前面整个句子的内容。
(2)引导非限定性定语从句,而且先行词指物时只能用which,不用that。
(3)如果句中有两个定语从句,如果两个从句都可以用that引导,那么其中一个应改用which 引导。
【考例】Many young people love the songs _________have great lyrics.A. whoB. thoseC. which[答案]C。
[解析]考查定语从句。
中考中的定语从句知识点归纳与总结
中考中的定语从句知识点归纳与总结在中考中,定语从句是一个考查频率较高的语法知识点。
掌握了定语从句的用法和基本结构,能够有效提高语言表达的准确性和语言能力的独立运用。
下面对中考中常见的定语从句知识点进行归纳与总结。
一、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词关系代词在定语从句中起到并列主句名词与定语从句之间的衔接作用,常见的关系代词有:that、which、who、whom 和 whose。
2.关系副词关系副词在定语从句中充当时、地、方式、原因等状语的作用,常见的关系副词有:when、where、why 和 how。
二、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系词+主句。
关系词连接的是主句中的名词或代词,并在定语从句中充当某个成分。
定语从句可以放在主句之前或之后,这取决于其修饰的名词或代词在句子中的位置。
三、定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行限制,如果去掉定语从句,主句的意思就不完整或发生变化。
关系词在限制性定语从句中一般不可以省略。
2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行补充说明,如果去掉定语从句,主句的意思仍然完整。
关系词在非限制性定语从句中一般可以省略。
四、定语从句的注意事项1.在定语从句中,关系代词的选择要与先行词的性质和在先行词中的作用相一致。
2.在定语从句中,关系代词作宾语时,可以省略关系代词所在的从句。
3.在非限制性定语从句中,关系词指代整个句子的情况下,关系词用 which。
4.在定语从句中,当关系词所指代的内容在从句中起主语作用时,用 who 或者 that;当关系词所指代的内容在从句中不起主语作用时,用 which 或者 that。
5.当先行词是表示个体的名词时,用 who 或者 whom 表示人,用which 表示物;当先行词是表示集体的名词时,用 that 表示人或物。
五、练习题1. The girl ____ father works in the factory is my best friend.2. There is a bird ____ has a long tail in the tree.3. He told me the book ____ you want to read is on the desk.4. The teacher ____ we like is Mrs. Zhang.5. Yesterday I saw the woman ____ dog was hit by a car.这些是中考中的定语从句知识点的归纳与总结,通过掌握定语从句的用法和基本结构,并注意定语从句的特点和注意事项,相信在中考中能够更加准确地理解和运用定语从句,提高语言表达的准确性和语言能力的独立运用。
2024年中考英语核心语法点复习定语从句23
I never forget the daywhenwe met in the park.
2.定语的划分
内嵌结构:一般主语作先行词,定语为横线后面至第二个谓语之前
The boywho she loveddied in the war.
左右结构:一般宾语作先行词,定语为先行词后面的全部成分
I have a friendwho has short hair and big eyes.
人,物
定语
The boywhosefather worksabroad is my deskmate.
关系副词
when
时间
时间状语
I will never forget the daywhenwe met there.
where
地点
地点状语
This is the housewhereI was born.
特殊考点1:只能用that引导定语从句的情况
1.先行词既指人又指物时。
2.先行词为everything,something,anything, nothing, all, much, none 等不定代词时。
3.先行词被no, every/each, few/little,some/any,much, all等不定代词修饰时。
若句子完整:whose、when/where/why
若句子不完整:who/which/that/whom
3.根据先行词,选择合适的关系词
【注意】whose后面紧接名词,且可以翻译成“谁的....”,具有所属关系;
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
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定语从句考点聚焦和精讲1. 定语从句的定义:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 定语从句的先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语。
3. 定语从句的关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1. 引导定语从句。
2. 代替先行词。
3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
4. 定语从句的结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
5. 关系代词引导的定语从句The woman visited our factory yesterday is an Australian friend. 昨天参观我们工厂的女士是一位澳大利亚朋友。
1.This is the student I met yesterday. 这是我昨天见到的那个学生。
2.Who’s that man you just talked to? 刚才与你谈话的那个男人是谁?3.The man you met just now is my friend. 你刚刚遇见的那个人是我的朋友。
1.The shoe shop is a shop sells shoes. 鞋店是销售鞋的商店。
2.The book I read last night was wonderful. 我昨晚看的那本书很精彩。
1.She is one of the students works very hard. 她是最用功的学生中的一个。
2.A library is a place people like very much. 图书馆是一个人们非常喜欢的地方。
1.This is our classmate, Mary, home is not far from our school. 这是我们的同学玛丽,她的家离我们学校不远。
2.He has a friend father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸是医生的朋友。
3.I once lived in a house roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在一幢屋顶已倒塌的房子。
4.Do you like the book cover is yellow? 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书?=Do you like the book the cover is yellow? 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书?5.The classroom door is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那个教室将很快修复。
=The classroom the door is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那个教室将很快修复。
1.This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T) // This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) // The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F)The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) // The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)7. 关系副词引导的定语从句1.I still remember the day I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得来北京的第一天。
2.I still remember the time I lived in the countryside. 我还记得我住在乡下的时候。
3.I’ll never forget the time I spent on campus. 我决不会忘记我在校园中度过的日子。
4.I’ll never forget the time was spent with you. 我永远不会忘记你在一起的时光。
1.Shanghai is the city I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。
2.The hotel we stayed wasn’t clean. 我们住的那个旅馆不干净。
3.This is the house I lived two years ago. 这就是我两年前住的房子。
4.The library you visited yesterday was built in 1990. 你昨天参观的图书馆建于1990年。
1.I know the reason he came late. 我知道他来晚的原因。
2.We can’t accept the excuse you were absent. 我们不能接受你缺席的借口。
3.This is the explanation they put off the meeting. 这就是他们推迟会议的解释。
4.The reason she gave was not true. 她给的原因不是真的。
8. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句(1)限制性定语从句举例:China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我汤姆是我唯一可以依靠的人。
(2)非限制性定语从句举例:His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他,对他要求很严格。
China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 成立于1949的中国,正变得越来越强大。
要注意区分以下句子的不同:His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。
(他还有其他的哥哥)His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥是当医生的,常鼓励他要考上大学。
(他只有一个哥哥)9. 限制性定语从句只能用that 的几种情况1.All he said is true. 他所说的都是真的。
2.All you have to do is to practice every day. 你要做的就是每天都要练习。
3.The first lesson I learned will never be forgotten. 我将永远不会忘记我上的第一堂课。
4.This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
5.I have read all the books you gave me. 我已经读完了你给我的所有的书。
6.The white flower is the only one I really like. 这朵白花是我唯一真正喜欢的。
7.This is the very book I want to read. 这就是我要看的那本书。
8.This is the same skirt I want to buy. (同一条裙子) 这就是我想买的那条裙子。
9.This is the only book I have read this year. 这是我今年读过的唯一的一本书。
10.Who is the man is standing there? 站在那儿的那个人是谁?11.Which of us knows something about physics doesn't know this? 在我们懂点物理的人当中有谁不知道这个?12.We talked about the persons and things we could remember. 我们谈论了我们所能记得的人和事。
13.This is the last time I shall give you a lesson. 这是我最后一次给你们上课了。
14.The first time I saw him was in 2002. 我第一次见到他是在2002年。
15.There isn’t much I can do. 我能做的不多。
10. 下列情况只能用which:1.This novel, I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍了。
2.This is the book you ask. 这是你要的那本书。
题组1填空题1.It is the same with our lives. Those choose to live in peace must help their neighbors to live in peace.2.“Anyone has heard about Seattle’s train may think this is kind of fun,”McKaulay said.3.Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience people cannot get at home.4.Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. Everything comes into sight is so new to me.5.—Why don’t you like fishing?—Fishing is a hobby needs much patience,but I’m not patient at all.6.Running Man is a very relaxing TV program is hot among the young people.题组2单项选择1.Not all children watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose2.Anyone who is a server or has been one knows that customers always come first.A.whomB.whatC.whoD.which3.—Class, you should be thankful to those people helped and supported you.—We will, Miss Chen.A.whichB.whomC.whoD.whose4.I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.whom5.—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV?—Sure. It’s a great TV programme brings the habit of reading back into the public.A.whoB.thatC.what6.She often parks her car near the house she can easily get to.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.what题组31.(2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题)I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life.A.which B.whose C.whom D.who2.(2023·四川遂宁·中考真题)Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating.A.which B.who C.what D.whom3.(2023·新疆·中考真题)Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time.A.that B.those C.which D./4.(2023·吉林·统考中考真题)The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A.who B.where C.which83.(2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题)— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help?— We could help them with their study online on weekends.A.which B.who C.whom5.(2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题)Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively. A.which B.whose C.who6.(2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题)Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world.A.which B.whom C.who7.(2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题)Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to this national character. A.what B.who C.that8.(2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题)Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries.A.what B.who C.that题组4语法选择One day, 14-year-old Wen Jiayi posted a photo on QQ 1she took when she graduated (毕业) from primary school. However, one of her classmates wrote “You're so ugly” and “Idiot” under the photo. Wen was shocked 2didn't know how to reply.This is a typical example of cyber bullying (网络欺凌), 3refers to sending, posting, or sharingnegative (消极的) contents about someone else online. Lots of kids these days have experienced some form of cyber bullying. According to a recent survey by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院), there are nearly 30 percent of teenagers in China 4have been bullied online. The most common form of cyber bullying is the use of abusive (辱骂的) language, such as calling somebody's names or saying rude things about them.Nearly 70 percent of cyber bullying happens through social media, similar to 5Wen experienced. Other kinds of bullying happen in online communities and on video and news sites. This is familiar to Sun Zhenyao, 14, 6studies in Hefei No. 50 Middle School in Anhui. 7he comments (评论) on news articles, he sometimes receives rude messages from strangers. “It comes out of nowhere and drives me crazy,” Sun said. He adds the bullies to his blacklist and reports them to the sites he posts on.“However, most victims don't take this kind of action. About 60 percent of cyber bullying victims stay silent,” experts say. But 8you receive threatening (威胁性的) messages, you should ask your parents or teachers for help. Cyber bullying can be a real threat. “I think 9it's as harmful as physical bullying. It does harm to our mental health, 10is hard to deal with,” Wen said.1.A.what B.that C.when D.who2.A.and B.but C.or D.so3.A.that B.what C.which D.where4.A.which B.who C.whom D.whose5.A.that B.which C.what D.who6.A.which B.who C.whom D.whose7.A.If B.Though C.When D.Before8.A.if B.unless C.because D.until9.A.whether B.why C.when D.that10.A.where B.what C.which D.that。