世界各国的减排目标汇总

世界各国的减排目标汇总

气候变化是世界各国面临的共同问题，减少温室气体排放是世界各国的共同责任，从历史累积排放来看，发达国家几百年工业化过程中的碳排放才是气候变化的主要原因。正如国际能源署《世界能源展望2009》所指出的，“要想成功阻止气候变化，一个至关重要的因素是各国政府履行其承诺的速度”。其中，特别是发达国家要尽快承诺并履行其应该承担的减排目标。在中国政府第一次对全世界公开承诺量化减排指标之际，世界其他主要发达和发展中国家的态度如何呢？

发达经济体

美国

中国的减排目标一出台，国际舆论可以说是一片赞誉。就在中国公布减排目标的当天，美国白宫也宣布，美国承诺2020年温室气体排放量在2005年的基础上减少17％。据专家测算，这约为在1990年基础上减排4%。另外，美国的减排目标还包括到2025年减排30%，2030年减排42%，2050年减排83%。

欧盟

通过包括气候与能源一揽子计划和各种能效措施，无条件承诺到2020年将温室气体排放量较1990年减少20%以上。同时承诺抬高减排幅度至30%，前提是各发达经济体同意相当水平的减排力度，同时发展中经济体做出重大贡献，共同促成国际条约的签署。

日本

若哥本哈根会议能达成协议，日本将把减排目标定为在1990年的基础上对温室气体减排25%。

挪威

挪威是首个承诺到2020年较1990年温室气体减排达40%的国家，这与发展中国家要求富裕发达国家做出的减排承诺幅度一致。

澳大利亚

承诺到2020年在2000年基础上实现温室气体减排5%至25%（后一个数字均是有条件承诺），但这个目标已被议会两次否决。

新西兰

承诺到2020年在1990年基础上实现温室气体减排10%至20%。

加拿大

承诺到2020年在2006年基础上实现温室气体减排20%，相当于在1990年基础上减排

2%。

新加坡

承诺到2020年该国温室气体排放量将较“如常运作”排放量削减16%。

“金砖四国”

中国

制订了一系列控制温室气体排放的目标及行动，包括在2020年前，把单位国内生产总值温室气体的排放量，较2005年减少40%至45%。

巴西

计划到2020年将温室气体排放量在预期基础上减少3 6 . 1％至38.9％。巴西国家气候变化计划涵盖了目标远大的林业发展措施，包括到2020年将森林非法砍伐面积减少80%。

俄罗斯

是世界主要温室气体排放国之一。俄罗斯总统德米特里梅德韦杰夫日前就减排作出最新表态，承诺2020年前把温室气体排放量在1990年基础上减少25％。

印度

计划到2020年实现单位GDP温室气体比2005年下降20%至25%。

发展中经济体

韩国

在2020年前将本国的温室气体年排放量在2005年的基础上减少4％，相当于在1990年基础上减少30%。

印度尼西亚

承诺自愿使用国家预算到2020年对温室气体减排26%。印尼总统尤多约诺同时承诺，

如果国际提供资金援助，能源和林业部门将减少41%的碳排放量。

Climate change is a common problem facing the world, reducing greenhouse gas emissions are the Shared responsibility of the countries all over the world, from the historical accumulation emissions, developed countries in the process of industrialization of carbon emissions is the main cause of climate change. As the international energy agency "world energy outlook that 2009," want to prevent climate change, a crucial factor is the governments to fulfill its promises of speed ". Among them, especially developed countries as soon as possible and fulfill its promises to should bear the emissions reduction targets. In the first world Chinese government public commitment quantified emission, the other main index of developed and developing countries attitude?

The developed economies

American

China's emissions targets, an international consensus is a praise. China announced on the targets, the White House announced by 2020, and the United States pledged greenhouse gas emissions in 2005, reduce 17%. According to expert estimates, it is based on the reduction in 1990. In addition, America's emissions include by 2025, 30% reduction in 2030 emissions by 2050, 42 percent.

the

By including climate and energy efficiency measures of package and unconditional promise by 2020 greenhouse gas emissions more than 20 percent reduction in 1990. While up to 30% reduction commitment by the developed economies, the premise is agreed quite level reduction efforts in developing economy, making a significant contribution to the international treaties, the sign.

Japan

If the Copenhagen conference can reach an agreement, the Japan will put in 1990 as targets based on greenhouse gas emission reduction by 25%.

Norway

Norway is a commitment to 2020, compared with 1990 greenhouse gas reaches 40% of the country, the requirement with developing countries rich developed countries make reduction commitment by consensus.

Australia

Commitment by 2020 in 2000 realization based on greenhouse gas emission reduction by 5% to 25% (after a number is conditional promise), but the goal has been parliament twice vetoed.

New Zealand

Commitment by 2020 in 1990 basis 10% to 20% of greenhouse gas emissions.

Canada

Commitment by 2020 in 2006 basis, equivalent to 20% greenhouse gas emissions in 1990. Singapore

Commitment to its greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 will be more "normal operation" emissions cuts 16%.

"Four" ingot

China

A series of controlling greenhouse gas emissions targets and action, including in 2020, the unit of GDP in greenhouse gas emissions, reduce 40% to 45% in 2005.

Brazil

Plans by 2020 greenhouse gas emissions reduction in expected based on March 6 1% and 38.9%. Brazilian national climate change plan covers the ambitious forestry development measures, including until 2020 forest illegal logging area by 80 percent.

Russia

Is the world's leading emitter of greenhouse gases. Russian President dmitry medvedev has just made promises, the latest emissions by 2020 the greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 reduced by 25%.

India