虚拟语气专题

虚拟语气专题详细讲解

虚拟语气一直都被认为是英语学习中的一个难点，因此也便成为了各类考试的热点。现就虚拟语气的一些问题归纳如下，以帮助解决拟语气这个语法难点。

一．虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用。

1.混合虚拟条件句：主从句动作发生的时间不一致。谓语动词采用不同的形式。

1)If you had come last week, you could work out the problem now.

2)If he had listened to me, he wouldn’t be in trouble now.

3)If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this

afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night。

2.隐含条件句.without 、but for 、but、or构成虚拟。(but for要不是)

•Without sunlight, peopl e’s life would be different from today.

•But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work.

•Without your help, I would have failed.

3. If only …(要是…就好了)

If only I knew his name!

If only we had followed your advice!

4.虚拟条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。

If I were you, I would give it up.

Were I you, I would give it up.

If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.

Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.

二、虚拟语气宾语从句中的使用：

1．用wish表示现在的祝愿和报歉。

其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。2．用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。

其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或could+现在完成时。3．用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。

其句子结构为宾语从句的谓语为would/could/might+动词原形。

I wish I were a bird. (现在)

I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去)

We wis h our parents wouldn’t punish us. (未来)

2. 主语＋would rather ＋that从句

•I would rather you paid me now. (现在)

•I would rather you had not told her the news. (过去)

•Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来)

3. 表示要求，命令，建议等动词后的宾语从句。

坚持：insist

命令,决定：order, command, decide

建议，主张：advise, suggest, propose, recommend, vote, move, urge

要求请求：demand , require, request, desire，ask，beg

这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。

注意insist suggest

He insisted that he ___ anything and that he ___ free at once. ( )

A.shouldn’t steal; should be set

B.hadn’t stolen ; be set

C.shouldn’t steal; should set

D.hadn’t stolen; should set.

三。虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用。

(1) It is important / necessary / natural / strange + that + clause (should) + do …

It is natural that he (should) think so .

Is it necessary that he be given more time?

(2) It is suggested / requested/ proposed/ desired/ decided that + clause (should) + do ….

It is requested that he go there right now.

It was arranged that they leave the following week.

(3) it is a pity / a shame / no wonder that + clause should do….

It is no wonder that he should do so.

It is a pity that he should be so careless.

四。虚拟语气在表语从句中的使用：

主句主语是：suggestion ( proposal, request, order, advice, idea, plan …) + be +that clause (s hould) do …

他的建议是我们立即完成这项工作。

His advice is that the work be done at once.

五。虚拟语气在同位语从句中的使用。

suggestion ( proposal, request, order, advice, idea, plan，recommendation …) +that clause (should) do ….

What do you think of Tom’s proposal that we (should) put on a play at the English evening?