慢性病的环境因素分析

• Environmental factors are key drivers of many common chronic diseases
• Environmental factors alter key biological pathways leading to chronic disease
• Important environmental determinants of health include:
- Food system/nutrition and diet - Toxic chemicals - Built environment / physical activity - Psychological & socioeconomic stress
• How we live, eat, work, play and socialize have substantially changed:
– Built environments have increased social isolation for many people; reduced physical activity.
The over- 65 population will nearly double by 2030 to more than 71 million, sharply increasing the number of people at risk of chronic diseases of aging like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, among others.
Transportation
•Inflammation •Disrupted Insulin
Signaling •Oxidative Stress
Chronic Disease
Western Disease Cluster •Diabetes •Obesity •Abnormal Lipids •Metabolic Syndrome •Cardiovascular Disease
• Pre/Diabetes – 40% US adults, prevalence DM ~x2 over 20 yrs Cowie 09, http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/DDTSTRS/default.aspx
– Pervasive spread of synthetic chemicals; air and water pollution.
– Industrialized food supply. – Destruction of critical natural habitats, stressing ecosystems. – Climate change.
We are seeing dramatic increases in chronic diseases, and at younger ages, many of which, such as diabetes, are themselves risk factors for dementia.
Parkinson’s Alzheimer’s
Profound PublFra Baidu bibliotekc Health Impact Of Environmentally-Driven Western
Disease Cluster
• Obesity/overweight – 2/3 US adults, prevalence x2 in ~25 yrs http://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/AAG/obesity.htm
– Growing income gap increases disease risk.
Environment Drives Chronic Disease
Environmental Factors
Altered Pathways
•Food system/Diet •Fossil Fuels •Socioeconomic Stress •Chemicals •Built Environment/
2010
Greater Boston Physicians for Social Responsibility (www.psr.org/Boston)
and
The Science and Environmental Health Network (www.sehn.org)
What We Will Cover
Environmental Drivers of
Chronic Disease
Based on the report
Environmental Threats to Healthy Aging
by
Jill Stein MD, Ted Schettler MD, MPH, Maria Valenti and Ben Rohrer
Environmental factors play a key role in health across the lifespan. Thus they offer a major
The Changing Environment and Disease Patterns
• During the past century, human activity has altered virtually all aspects of the world’s ecosystems:
• Examples of cross cutting solutions people & a healthy environment
for healthy
Scope & Context of the Problem
A century of change in natural, built and social environments has caused major changes in the patterns and distribution of diseases.