b5在放飞思维中寻找创新教学案例 新课标 人教版
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在放飞思维中寻找创新教学案例
浦江县实验中学邵向阳
1.引言
英语学科是基础教育阶段的一门重要课程,在英语教学中培养学生的创新能力是很重要的,这不仅体现了新一轮课程改革的主旋律:培养学生的创新精神和实践能力,而且对学生今后的发展具有重大的作用。可是在平时的教学中,我发现自己所教的这届学生很少有独特的见解和新颖的想法,课堂上的发言只会按部就班,课后的作业也大多是“百人一面”,缺乏创造性思维的闪光点。
2.背景
我教的两个班虽然在学生整体素质上稍逊于别的班级,但其中也不乏成绩优异,其他科的老师反映聪明伶俐之学生,为什么会在英语这门学科上表现出“呆板”呢?回忆学生上课的表现,翻着他们交上来的作业,看着几乎雷同的回答,我常常陷入深深的思考:这些学生怎么了?如果你问What did you do last Saturday? 第一位学生回答,I did my homework. 第二位学生、第三、第四位……学生还会这样回答。如果你要求他们不许重复别人的答案,他们会很委屈地说,老师我们上星期六就是在做作业啊。你如果再问,What else did you do?那么被问的学生普遍回答 I watched TV.
是什么原因使我的学生惰于思考,以至埋没了在他们这个年龄本来应该具备的相当活跃的思维的呢?通过观察和调查,我发现了症结所在:一是作业总量多,大多数学生为了应付繁忙的各科作业,会采取最省时最快的方法来完成任务,根本不会为了一个与众不同的英语答案而绞尽脑汁(可见,过重的课业负担正在侵占学生有限的课余时间,在侵占学生活跃的大脑,在逐渐地把学生与外部世界割裂开来,使他们正在逐渐地失去从生活中创新的机会);二是学生学习的自主性下降,很多学生只有等老师一定要他们怎样做的时候才会那样去做,如果老师没说“一定”,那么他们也就敷衍了事。
3.问题
了解了学生们懒于创新的原由后,怎样帮助他们树立创新意识,培养他们勤于思考、勇于创新的习惯,这一问题就被摆到了我的日常教学议程中来。学校、社会和家长要升学率,
各科教师不得不把压力转嫁给学生,因此学生作业偏多的问题不是一时能解决的,靠我一人绵薄之力,也只能是杯水车薪。因此只有在课堂上“用功”了:怎样在教学过程中,使学生以极大的热情投入到各种课堂活动中,激发学生积极的英语思维,并获得良好的效果,在产生价值感和满足感的基础上,培养学生的创新能力和创新精神呢?
4.解决方法
本着这种目的,我在教学中做到多角度、多方位地设计各种思考题,发展学生横向、类比、逆向、联想等思维,使学生不单单停留在理解和掌握所学的内容上,而且要利用现学的知识,结合已学知识去创造、去探索,培养他们的创新思维,增强创新能力。以下是其中的两则课例:
课例1:Lesson 42, Book II教学片段
Step1: Greetings and presentation
T: Good morning, Class. How are you today? (以轻松的语调和亲切的笑容)
S: Fine, thanks. And you, madam?
T: Fine too, thanks. Tomorrow is Saturday. What are you going to do?
S1: I’m going to do my homework.
S2: I’m going to do my homework, too.
S3: (挠挠头,有些不好意思)Eh, do…homework.
T: Can you say something different? (及时提示,让学生的思维发散开来)
S4: ……
S5: ……
S6: I’m going hiking.
T: Really good. Hiking is a good way to have fun in autumn.
(接着我用多媒体打出春、夏、秋、冬四幅图)
T: How many seasons are there in a year?
S: There are four. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter.
T: Very good. Now can you tell me which picture is about spring and why?
S: Yes. Picture 1 is about spring, because the people are …are… “植树”怎么说?T: (在黑板上书写)Planting trees. Great, thanks. What about Picture 2?
S: It’s about summer, because they are swimming.
T: Yeah, look, the people are wearing cool clothes. Now, what about Picture 3? S: It’s about autumn. In the picture I can see the children are flying kites, and there are many leaves.
T: Exactly correct. What about Picture 4?
S: It’s about winter. The people are skiing.
T: Well done. Now the whole class, in this lesson we are going to read a letter. It’s about four seasons in China.
Step 2: First reading
T: Now read the whole passage and try to find out the answers to the questions on the screen.
a)Which season is the best in a year?
b)Which season is the busiest in a year?
S: Spring is the best season in a year.
T: Good. And you?
S: The busiest season in a year is autumn.
T: Good. You can find the answer quickly.
Step 3: Second reading
T: Class, let’s read the text again after the tape, get more information about the text, and do some TRUE OR FALSE exercises.
Step 4: Third reading
T: Read the text once again, and try to say something about the four seasons in your own words.
Step 5: Investigation and Reporting
(将学生分成四组,在全班做一个调查,调查本班有多少学生喜欢哪个季节,并说出理由,小组共同完成调查报告,随后有各组代表向全班汇报)
(调查的过程,实际是学生活学活用语言知识和充分调动自己的思维进行创新运用的过程。调查结束后,学生分组商讨,共同完成调查报告的总结)
T: Are you ready to report your results now?
S: Yes.
T: Which group comes first?