初中英语主动语态变被动语态的句子练习题及答案

被动语态

语态概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。女口: Many people speak English.谓语：speak

的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，女口：“他的自行车被偷了。”，再如：English is spoken by many people.主语English 是动词speak的承受者。

判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？

He ope ned the doo他开了门。( ____________ )

The door was ope ned'.l 被开了。 ( ____________ )

二、被动语态的构成：be动词+Vp.p

被动特点强调宾，用be加上过去分。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。

1. English is ___________ (speak in Canada.

2. The blouse is ___________ (make) of silk.

3. English is ___________ (speak by many people.

谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。

1. Some stamps were _________ (steal) last week.

2. The PRC was __________ (found) on October 1, 1949.

3. Football is __________ (play) in most middle schools.

被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be. be + P.P

am (is,are) 现在时，am (is,are) +P.P

was和were 表过去。was (were) +P.P

完成have (has) been。have (has) been+P.P

将来，情态，be原形。will (can,may,mus) be+P.P

进行时态两个be,前表时态后加ing。am (is,are) +being+P.P

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。三•几种常用时态的被动语态——

1. 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词

肯定句：Bikes are __________ (sell) in that shop.

否定句：Bikes are not sold in that shop.

疑问句：Are bikes sold in that shop? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.

2. —般过去时：was/were+过去分词

肯定句：He was __________ （save）in 1999.

否定句：He was not saved in 1999.

疑问句：Was he saved in 1999? Yes, he was. / No,he wasn't.

3. —般将来时：shall/will/be goi ng to + be+ 过去分词

肯定句：An English class will be _________ （give）by Jack tomorrow.

否定句：An English class will not be given by Jack tomorrow.

疑问句：Will an English class be given by Jack tomorrow?

4. 现在进行时：am/is/are + be in g+过去分词

肯定句： A car is being _________ （ d ri ve）n ow .

否定句： A car is not being driven now.

疑问句：Is a car being driven now? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.

5. 现在完成时：have / has+ bee n过去分词

肯定句： A road has been _________ （_ build）by the government.

否定句： A road hasn't been built by the government.

疑问句：Has a road been built by the government? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn't.

6. 情态动词：情态动词+be + P.P

1）This clock can be _______ （repair）here.

2）The trees may be _______ （_ plant）at other times of the year.

3）The composition must be ________ （h a nd）i n after class.

4）The young trees should be _______ （_ plant）in spring.

四、被动语态的用法

（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：

Some new computers were ________ （_steal）last night.

一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的）

This book was _________ （pu b l i s h ）i n 1981. 这本书出版于1981 年。

（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：

The window was _________ （b re ak）by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。

This book was _________ （write）by him. 这本书是他写的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteec每天8 小时睡眠必须得至U保证。

五、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)

(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

( 3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

1. All the people __________ ( laugh) at him.

—He was ___________ (laugh) at by all people.

2. They _________ ( make) the bikes in the factory.