大学英语外报复习Lesson 5
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Non-Service Scholarships do not require an individual to perform a past, present or future service in order to receive payment, and include Fellowship(助学金）, Scholarship(奖学金）, Tuition & Fee Waiver(全免学杂费）and other awards offered by specific institutions, while service Assistantships require an individual to perform some service in order to receive payment, and include Teaching Assistantship(助教金）and Research Assistantship(助研 金）。
Generally, a scholarship or fellowship grant is any amount paid or allowed to, or for the benefit of, an individual to aid in the pursuit of study or research. A tuition waiver is a program initiated by states that allows students to attend publicly funded higher education institutions by "waiving" tuition and fees under certain criteria.
2. Scholarships offered by American colleges and universities美国大学生的奖学金
The scholarships provided by colleges and universities in the U.S. may be classified into three categories such as Non-Service Scholarships (非服务性奖学金）, Service Assistantships(服务性奖 学金）and Loans.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
A student loan is designed to help students pay for university tuition, books, and living expenses. It may differ from other types of loans in that the interest rate may be substantially lower and the repayment schedule may be deferred while the student is still in education. In the United States, there are two types of student loans: federal loans sponsored by the federal government and private student loans, which broadly includes state-affiliated nonprofits and institutional loans provided by schools.
3. The US Senate's wrangle over student loans参议院关于学生贷款的争斗
With student loans rocketing in recent years, both Democrats(民 主党） and Republicans（共和党） agreed to freeze student loan rates and keep them form doubling from 3.4% to 6.8% which would be effective on July 1, 20112. Their chief remaining dispute is how to pay for the $5.9 billion cost of keeping those rates low. When it comes to that, each side has in effect taken a political hostage: House Republicans would cut spending from Obama's prized health care overhaul law(被认为非常重要的奥巴马 的医疗保险改革法案）, Senate Democorats would boost payroll taxes(工资税）on owners of some private corporations and House Democrats would erase federal subsidies(联邦补贴）to oil and gas companies. That is how the US Senate was wrangling over how to extend a modest (适当的补贴）for student loans.
editorial n ． 社 论
editorial office 编辑
部
editor's notes 编 者
按
exclusive n．独家新 闻
expose n．揭丑新闻； 新闻曝光 extra n ． 号 外 eye-account n．目击 记;记者见闻
edge n.
The Author
Shannon Bond is a reporter and FT. com editor in New York. She joined the FT in 2008 after receiving her MS from Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism. She has also written for Market Watch, Politico and UPI. com.
Lesson Five
Debt Burden Alters Outlook for US Graduates
Word supplement
daily n ． 日 报
dateline n．新闻电头
deadline n．截稿时间
dig vt．深入采访；追
踪(新闻线索)；“挖”(新
闻
)
digest n ． 文 摘
Background Information 1. The financial crisis 2008年金融危机
The 2008 financial crisis is considered to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. It was triggered by a complex interplay of policies, which were adopted by American government to stimulate the economy and encouraged people to buy houses. Banks provided easier access to loans for subprime borrowers(次级贷款人）, and over-evaluated the bundled sub-prime mortgages(次级抵押贷款） based on the theory that housing prices would continue to escalate. Unfortuately home prices peaked in the winter of 2005-06 and started to go down, and the house of cards stared to cromble(崩 溃）. People could no longer increase their mortgage debt to pay previous debts.
Teaching Assistantships are a source of aid provided to graduate students who assist faculty members in teaching undergraduate classes. A research assistantship is a form of funding in which a student works as an "assistant" in exchange for partial or full tuition and/or a stipend.(奖学金）
University. He then wrote for the Shanghai Business Review (《上海
商评》）as a feature writer before moving to New York City and working for GRIT tv with Laura Flanders as a development director.
Robin Harding is US Economics Editor for the Financial Times, and covers the US Federal Reserve and the US Treasury(美国财政部）. Based in Washington, his beat includes US economics, financial markets and business. He studied economics at Cambridge and also holds a master's degree in economics from Hitotsubashi University(一桥大学）in Tokyo.
Jason Abbruzzese is a web editor at FT. After graduating from Boston University with a degree in journalism, he worked for the Sentinel & Enterprise in central Massachusetts before receiving a master's degree in inernational affairs from the Australian National
In 2008, approximately 6% of all mortgage loans in the United States were in default, and a huge portion of the increased mortgage loan defaults were what are referred to as “sub-prime” loans(次级贷款）. The bursting of the U.S. housing bubble, which peaked in 2006, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet(骤然下降）, and resulted in the threat of total collapse of large financial institutions, the bailout(紧急援助）of banks by national governments, and downturns(衰退） in stock markets around the world. The crisis also played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of US dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the 2008-2012 global recession and contributing to the European sovereign-debt crisis(欧 洲主权债务危机）.
Generally, a scholarship or fellowship grant is any amount paid or allowed to, or for the benefit of, an individual to aid in the pursuit of study or research. A tuition waiver is a program initiated by states that allows students to attend publicly funded higher education institutions by "waiving" tuition and fees under certain criteria.
2. Scholarships offered by American colleges and universities美国大学生的奖学金
The scholarships provided by colleges and universities in the U.S. may be classified into three categories such as Non-Service Scholarships (非服务性奖学金）, Service Assistantships(服务性奖 学金）and Loans.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
A student loan is designed to help students pay for university tuition, books, and living expenses. It may differ from other types of loans in that the interest rate may be substantially lower and the repayment schedule may be deferred while the student is still in education. In the United States, there are two types of student loans: federal loans sponsored by the federal government and private student loans, which broadly includes state-affiliated nonprofits and institutional loans provided by schools.
3. The US Senate's wrangle over student loans参议院关于学生贷款的争斗
With student loans rocketing in recent years, both Democrats(民 主党） and Republicans（共和党） agreed to freeze student loan rates and keep them form doubling from 3.4% to 6.8% which would be effective on July 1, 20112. Their chief remaining dispute is how to pay for the $5.9 billion cost of keeping those rates low. When it comes to that, each side has in effect taken a political hostage: House Republicans would cut spending from Obama's prized health care overhaul law(被认为非常重要的奥巴马 的医疗保险改革法案）, Senate Democorats would boost payroll taxes(工资税）on owners of some private corporations and House Democrats would erase federal subsidies(联邦补贴）to oil and gas companies. That is how the US Senate was wrangling over how to extend a modest (适当的补贴）for student loans.
editorial n ． 社 论
editorial office 编辑
部
editor's notes 编 者
按
exclusive n．独家新 闻
expose n．揭丑新闻； 新闻曝光 extra n ． 号 外 eye-account n．目击 记;记者见闻
edge n.
The Author
Shannon Bond is a reporter and FT. com editor in New York. She joined the FT in 2008 after receiving her MS from Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism. She has also written for Market Watch, Politico and UPI. com.
Lesson Five
Debt Burden Alters Outlook for US Graduates
Word supplement
daily n ． 日 报
dateline n．新闻电头
deadline n．截稿时间
dig vt．深入采访；追
踪(新闻线索)；“挖”(新
闻
)
digest n ． 文 摘
Background Information 1. The financial crisis 2008年金融危机
The 2008 financial crisis is considered to be the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. It was triggered by a complex interplay of policies, which were adopted by American government to stimulate the economy and encouraged people to buy houses. Banks provided easier access to loans for subprime borrowers(次级贷款人）, and over-evaluated the bundled sub-prime mortgages(次级抵押贷款） based on the theory that housing prices would continue to escalate. Unfortuately home prices peaked in the winter of 2005-06 and started to go down, and the house of cards stared to cromble(崩 溃）. People could no longer increase their mortgage debt to pay previous debts.
Teaching Assistantships are a source of aid provided to graduate students who assist faculty members in teaching undergraduate classes. A research assistantship is a form of funding in which a student works as an "assistant" in exchange for partial or full tuition and/or a stipend.(奖学金）
University. He then wrote for the Shanghai Business Review (《上海
商评》）as a feature writer before moving to New York City and working for GRIT tv with Laura Flanders as a development director.
Robin Harding is US Economics Editor for the Financial Times, and covers the US Federal Reserve and the US Treasury(美国财政部）. Based in Washington, his beat includes US economics, financial markets and business. He studied economics at Cambridge and also holds a master's degree in economics from Hitotsubashi University(一桥大学）in Tokyo.
Jason Abbruzzese is a web editor at FT. After graduating from Boston University with a degree in journalism, he worked for the Sentinel & Enterprise in central Massachusetts before receiving a master's degree in inernational affairs from the Australian National
In 2008, approximately 6% of all mortgage loans in the United States were in default, and a huge portion of the increased mortgage loan defaults were what are referred to as “sub-prime” loans(次级贷款）. The bursting of the U.S. housing bubble, which peaked in 2006, caused the values of securities tied to U.S. real estate pricing to plummet(骤然下降）, and resulted in the threat of total collapse of large financial institutions, the bailout(紧急援助）of banks by national governments, and downturns(衰退） in stock markets around the world. The crisis also played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of US dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the 2008-2012 global recession and contributing to the European sovereign-debt crisis(欧 洲主权债务危机）.