英国文学第一课第二讲坎特伯雷故事-乔叟
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It is Chaucer’s masterpiece and one of the most famous works in all literature. The plan of the work is magnificent: to represent the wide sweep of English life by gathering a motley company together and letting each class of society tell its own favorite stories. Though the great work was never finished, Chaucer succeeded in his purpose so well that in The Canterbury Tales he has given us a picture of contemporary English life, its work and play, its deeds and dreams, its fun and sympathy and hearty joy of living such as no other single work of literature has ever equaled.
Structure
3 parts: 1. Hale Waihona Puke Baiduhe General Prologue 2. 24 tales 3. Separate prologues to each tale with links, comments, quarrels, etc. in between
The Canterbury Tales
Chaucer’s contributions to English language
Chaucer’s language, now called Middle English, is vivid and exact. His verse is smooth. He introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which was later called the ―heroic couplet‖ to English poetry. Though drawing influence from French, Italian and Latin models, he is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country. The spoken English of the time consisted of several dialects, and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.
The Canterbury Tales
The Canterbury Tales is a book of stories. This is an important book, because it is one of the first to be written in the English language. The book is about a group of travelers who are going from London to Canterbury. As they travel along, each person tells a tale (a story). This is why the book is called The Canterbury Tales. The Canterbury Tales, begun in about 1386, consists of stories told by some of the thirty pilgrims who set off from the Tabard Inn in Southwark, London, to visit the shrine of St. Thomas a Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury murdered in his own cathedral in 1170. The aim was to tell four stories each: two on the way, two on the way back. The teller of the best story would be given a free dinner by the cheerful host of the Tabard. In fact, the collection is incomplete and only 24 stories are told. Two of the stories are written in prose and the others are written in verse.
Troilus and Criseyde, The Legend of Good Women
3.
The Period of his maturity(1386-1400): The Canterbury Tales
Contributions
Father of English poetry Chaucer, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life in his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer develops characterization to a higher artistic level, i.e. characters who are morally and socially typical but exquisitely individual and realistic in detail. Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the Old English alliterative verse. Chaucer used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later as the heroic couplet . Chaucer greatly increased the prestige of English as a literary language and extended the range of its poetic vocabulary and meters. He is considered as a great master of the English language.
The Canterbury Tales
The Canterbury Tales is one of the landmarks of English literature, perhaps the greatest work produced in Middle English. It was the last of Chaucer's works, written during his final years of life. He structured the tales so that each pilgrim would tell four tales, leading to a total of over one hundred tales.
Chaucer’s Literary Career
1.
The period of French influence(1359-1372): The Book of the Duchess, The Romance of the Rose
2.
The Period of Italian influence(1372-1386):The House of Fame,
Chaucer’s Life
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
His father was a prosperous wine merchant. He is said to have studied at Oxford and Cambridge. He led a busy official life. In 1357 he was a page in the household of Prince Lionel, later duke of Clarence, whom he served for many years. Thus he came to rub elbows with the court and nobility. In 1359–60 he was with the army of Edward III in France, where he was captured by the French but ransomed. By 1366 he had married Philippa Roet, who was a lady-in-waiting to Edward III's queen. During the years 1370 to 1378, Chaucer was frequently employed on diplomatic missions to the Continent, visiting Italy in 1372–73 and in 1378. From 1374 on he held a number of official positions, among them comptroller of customs for the port of London (1374–86) and clerk of the king's works (1389–91), and the new king Henry IV granted him a pension . The official date of Chaucer's death is Oct. 25, 1400. He was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Unit 1 Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)
Geoffrey Chaucer, the ―father of English poetry‖ and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in or about the year 1340. The poet died on the 25th of October in 1400, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Structure
3 parts: 1. Hale Waihona Puke Baiduhe General Prologue 2. 24 tales 3. Separate prologues to each tale with links, comments, quarrels, etc. in between
The Canterbury Tales
Chaucer’s contributions to English language
Chaucer’s language, now called Middle English, is vivid and exact. His verse is smooth. He introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which was later called the ―heroic couplet‖ to English poetry. Though drawing influence from French, Italian and Latin models, he is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country. The spoken English of the time consisted of several dialects, and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.
The Canterbury Tales
The Canterbury Tales is a book of stories. This is an important book, because it is one of the first to be written in the English language. The book is about a group of travelers who are going from London to Canterbury. As they travel along, each person tells a tale (a story). This is why the book is called The Canterbury Tales. The Canterbury Tales, begun in about 1386, consists of stories told by some of the thirty pilgrims who set off from the Tabard Inn in Southwark, London, to visit the shrine of St. Thomas a Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury murdered in his own cathedral in 1170. The aim was to tell four stories each: two on the way, two on the way back. The teller of the best story would be given a free dinner by the cheerful host of the Tabard. In fact, the collection is incomplete and only 24 stories are told. Two of the stories are written in prose and the others are written in verse.
Troilus and Criseyde, The Legend of Good Women
3.
The Period of his maturity(1386-1400): The Canterbury Tales
Contributions
Father of English poetry Chaucer, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life in his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales. Chaucer develops characterization to a higher artistic level, i.e. characters who are morally and socially typical but exquisitely individual and realistic in detail. Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the Old English alliterative verse. Chaucer used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later as the heroic couplet . Chaucer greatly increased the prestige of English as a literary language and extended the range of its poetic vocabulary and meters. He is considered as a great master of the English language.
The Canterbury Tales
The Canterbury Tales is one of the landmarks of English literature, perhaps the greatest work produced in Middle English. It was the last of Chaucer's works, written during his final years of life. He structured the tales so that each pilgrim would tell four tales, leading to a total of over one hundred tales.
Chaucer’s Literary Career
1.
The period of French influence(1359-1372): The Book of the Duchess, The Romance of the Rose
2.
The Period of Italian influence(1372-1386):The House of Fame,
Chaucer’s Life
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
His father was a prosperous wine merchant. He is said to have studied at Oxford and Cambridge. He led a busy official life. In 1357 he was a page in the household of Prince Lionel, later duke of Clarence, whom he served for many years. Thus he came to rub elbows with the court and nobility. In 1359–60 he was with the army of Edward III in France, where he was captured by the French but ransomed. By 1366 he had married Philippa Roet, who was a lady-in-waiting to Edward III's queen. During the years 1370 to 1378, Chaucer was frequently employed on diplomatic missions to the Continent, visiting Italy in 1372–73 and in 1378. From 1374 on he held a number of official positions, among them comptroller of customs for the port of London (1374–86) and clerk of the king's works (1389–91), and the new king Henry IV granted him a pension . The official date of Chaucer's death is Oct. 25, 1400. He was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Unit 1 Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)
Geoffrey Chaucer, the ―father of English poetry‖ and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in or about the year 1340. The poet died on the 25th of October in 1400, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.