法律英语翻译 PPT
法律英语ppt
法律英语pptLegal English in PracticeIntroduction:Legal English is a specialized form of language used in the legal profession. It includes specific terminology, expressions, and grammar structures that are unique to the field of law. This presentation will delve into the importance of legal English, its characteristics, and how it is applied in practice.Importance of Legal English:1. Clarity and precision: Legal documents and contracts must be written with utmost clarity and precision to avoid misinterpretation or ambiguity. Legal English ensures that each word and comma carries precise meaning.2. International scope: Legal English serves as a common language for legal professionals worldwide. It enables effective communication between lawyers and clients from different countries and legal systems.3. Understanding legal concepts: Legal English is vital for comprehending complex legal concepts and principles. Whetherit's studying case law or reading statutes, a strong grasp of legal English is essential for legal research and analysis. Characteristics of Legal English:1. Formality: Legal English is known for its formality, with an emphasis on objective and neutral language. It avoids personal opinions or emotions and presents information in an authoritativemanner.2. Technical language: Legal English incorporates specialized terminology and jargon specific to the legal profession. This language ensures precision and avoids ambiguity in legal discourse.3. Structure and style: Legal English uses specific structures and formats for legal documents, such as contracts, pleadings, and legal opinions. These formats have specific headings, subheadings, and numbering to ensure clarity and organization.Application of Legal English:1. Drafting legal documents: Legal English is used extensively in drafting contracts, agreements, and legal correspondence. It is crucial to use precise language and pay attention to detail to ensure legal documents are valid and enforceable.2. Courtroom proceedings: Legal English is spoken and written in courtrooms during trials, hearings, and legal arguments. Lawyers must effectively communicate their arguments, cross-examination, and present evidence to the judge and jury using legal English.3. International relations: Legal English facilitates legal negotiations and interactions between countries and international organizations. It is used in treaties, international agreements, and diplomatic communications.Conclusion:Legal English is a necessary skill for legal professionals as it enables effective communication, precision, and clarity in the fieldof law. Understanding the importance, characteristics, and applications of legal English is crucial for success in the legal profession.。
18法律英语翻译PPT课件
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Examples
1. Unless it is legally or physically impossible, the contractor shall execute and complete the works and remedy the defects therein in strict accordance with the contract to the satisfaction of the engineer.
除法律或外界条件不允许的情况之 外，承包商应严格按合同施工和竣 工，并改正工作中的任何缺陷，达 到工程师满意的程度。
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Examples
2. 如在解释上遇在分歧，应以英文本为准。
In case of any divergence of interpretation, the English text shall prevail.
Reside
Visualize
Commence
Desire
Function
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Features of legal materials
为了加强法律文体的庄重性与严肃性，在英语中
还将平时极少见的古词语使用其中，一般这些词语 多为副词，而且多以复合型副词为主。例如：
以here开头的词有： hereupon 于是 hereto 至此 herewith 与此一道 hereafter 今后 以there开头的词有： thereupon 在其上 thereto 此外 therewith 随即
法律语言具有权威性，它排斥多义与歧义。一些日常生 活中使用的普通用语在法律文体中有了更为明确的概念含义。
Infant：在法律上是指21岁或18岁以下的人 Demise：在日常英语中有许多意思，如死亡、终止、失败、
法律英语课件PPT课件
• but generally those entitled to practice before the highest court of a state may be admitted before the federal courts upon compliance with minor formalities.
三年大学 法学学位 书面考试
法律英语
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• Almost all states, however, make use of the Multistate Bar Exam, a day-long multi-choice test, to which the states adds a day-long essay examination emphasizing its own law.
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师
法律职业
变换频繁 Harlan Fiske Stone
法律英语
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法律英语
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Part 1 The Bar
• Bar——法庭中将公众与法官、律师 及其他诉讼参与人分隔开的隔板。
• 后来用于通指法律职业或律师职业。
美国律师协会
（ABA）
法律英语
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法律英语
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• 律师通常在一个地区执业
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
法律英语
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• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
法律英语经典表达PPT课件
4. Notwithstanding 无论……如何规 定；尽管有…的规定
Notwithstanding any law or practice to the contrary, it shall be lawful for, the court in any proceedings for an offence under Part II to comment on the failure of the accused to give evidence on oath. 即使任何法律或惯例有相反规定， 在因第 II部所定罪行而进行的法律程序中，法庭可 就被控人不宣誓作供一事加以评论。
2. In respect of/in connection with/with respect to 就… …
The Contract Price does not cover costs and expenses that are for Buyer’s account under this Contract, or any taxes (including but not limited to customs duty and value added tax) payable by Buyer in respect of this Contract.
In addition, with the prior approval of the Chairman and Vice Chairman, any director may invite any other person to attend all or part of any Board meeting, provided that such guest shall sign non-disclosure agreements in such form as the Chairman and Vice Chairman deem appropriate.
法律英语Unit.ppt
Crimes of Infringing Upon the Rights of the Person and the Democratic
Rights of Citizens侵犯公民人身权利、民主权利罪 The Crime of Encroaching on Property侵犯财产罪
Roles of Law
Guiding Judging Predicting Warning
Criminal Law
Three main points
Crime-------felony, misdemeanor Punishment------guidelines for sentencing Criminal liability(age 14)
What is law?
The characteristics:
1. Law is a social norm(准则) regulating social relations or human behaviors.
2. Law is a social norm reflecting the will of a state.
Legal English
Joyce
Characteristics of Legal English
1.Lengthy and complex sentences 2.Archaic words and expressions tin words and expressions 4.Passive consruction
我国刑法第13条规定：“一切危害国家主权、领土完 整和安全，分裂国家、颠覆人民民主专政的政权和推 翻社会主义制度，破坏社会秩序和经济秩序，侵犯国 有财产或者劳动群众集体所有的财产，侵犯公民私人 所有的财产，侵犯公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他 权利，以及其他危害社会的行为，依照法律应当受刑 罚处罚的，都是犯罪，但是情节显著轻微危害不大的， 不认为是犯罪。”
法律翻译PPT课件
any type whatsoever of ,on or affecting the Contributed Assets or any portion thereof of any interest therein (collectively, “ Encumbrances ”), except for the Encumbrances expressly
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Party A further unconditionally and irrevocably agrees to indemnify Party B against all actions, proceedings, claims, demands, losses, liabilities, damages, costs, charges, and expenses of whatever nature which may result or which Party B may incur or sustain directly or indirectly arising from or in connection with the Guarantee and to repay to Party B immediately all amount paid by Party B in connection with said Guarantee, together with all costs of collection, including reasonable attorney’s fees if permitted by law, which may be
(法律法规课件)法律词汇汉英互译
法律词汇汉英互译案件 case案件受理费 litigation fee案由 nature of case颁布 issue颁布 promulgate办案 handle a case办理 deal with包庇罪 crime of concealing the murder保税区 bonded area保险法 insurance law保险凭证 insurance certificate保证 warranty保证 guarantee保证金 bail保证金 margins保证金帐户 margin account保证人，担保人 guarantor保证书 indemnity保证书 covenant of warranty保证条款 warranty保值利率 inflation-proof interest rate被裁定为 be adjudged to be从重处罚 heavier punishment从重处罚 severe punishment存款机构 deposit-taking institution挫折 frustration措词 worded错漏 error|mistake答复 Reply批复 Reply打官司 initiate legal proceeding打击 struggle against打假 crack down on counterfeit goods打假办 Office of Cracking down on Fake Products大厂回族自治县 Dachang Hui Nationality Autonomous Region 大股 substantial shareholder大股东控权人 majority shareholder controller大化瑶族自治县 Dahua Yao Nationality Autonomous County 大连市 Daliang Municipality大律师 barrister大律师的收费 counsel's fees大律师登记册 roll of baristers大律师公会 Hong Kong Bar Association大律师见习职位 pupillage被陈述人 representee被告人辨解 statement of the defendant驳回 dismiss驳回 reject驳回上诉 reject an appeal补偿报酬 compensatory payment不具有法律效力 null不具有法律效力 void不履行合同 breach of contract不履行合约 repudiation of the contract不名誉的行为及手法 dishonourable conduct and practices不能成立 unable to establish不时frequently不予支持 unassisted不作为 omission财产分割 properties division财产所有权 property right裁定 ruling裁定 order产权制度 property order产权关系 property relations撤消并发回给 reversed and remanded to the original court陈述 state承担 assume承担责任 to be responsible for承典人 pledgee承典人 pawnee承认 confess城市住宅局 City House Bureau出典人 pledgor出典人 pawnor出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods 出口押汇 bill purchased出资比例 ratio of investments处罚 penalty触犯 violate传销 pyramid selling串通 collaborate从宽处理 lenient punishment, liberal punishment从轻处罚 lesser punishment从轻处罚 lighter punishment从轻处罚 impose a lenient sentence从轻原则 the principle of lighter punishment从事 commit大律师名册 panels of counsels大律师事务所 barristers' chambers, chambers of counsel大律师书记 barrister's clerk律师行业 the practice of law大批 bulk代理检察员 acting prosecutor代理人 agent代理审判员 acting judge代通知金 payment in lieu of notice代销 sales by proxy丹东市 Dandong Municipality丹阳市 Danyang Municipality单位 entity unit单务合同 unilateral contract担保 guarantee担保人 guarantor担保书 certificate of guarantee但书 proviso当事人 litigant当事人起诉要求 the litigants sue for党政分工 division of labour between the Party and the government 档案工作人员 file clerk盗窃枪支 crime of stealing firearms and ammunition盗窃武器装备 theft of military equipment道真仡佬族苗族自治县 Daozheng Mulao Nationality Autonomous County 得到证实 to be believed得利者 beneficiary抵触 contravene抵押 mortgage抵押品 pledge抵押物 mortgage地方人民检察院 Local People's Procuratorate地役权 easement第二审判庭 second tribunal第三者 the third party第一审判庭 first tribunal典当物 pledge调查 investigation调查报告 investigation调查取证 investigate and collect evidence调解 mediate调解和强制措施 mediation and enforcement measure调解书 mediation agreement调解书字号 Written Mediation No.订货合同卡片 a card of contract订立 formation定案结论 verdict定案理由 reason for decision定金 deposit定期减免所得税 regular reduction of income tax定性 determination on the nature丢弃 waive东北人民政府 Northeast People's Government东乡族自治县 Dongxiang Nationality Autonomous County董事会 board of directors动机 intention, motive冻干健康人血浆 frozen dry healthy human blood冻干血浆 frozen dry blood plasma冻结 freeze, suspend都安瑶族自治县 Duan Yao Nationality Autonomous County毒品罪 narcotic drug crime渎职罪 crime of dereliction of duty独立的不法行为 independent wrong独立个案 individual cases独立核算工业企业 independent accounting unit独立请求书 independent claim独立审判 independent adjudication断绝 cease提出具体意见 submit detailed opinions on对等原则 principle of reciprocity对等原则并参照国际惯例 the principle of reciprocity and in reference to the international practice对合同词句应当按照事情是有效的而不是无效的来理解verba ita sunt intelligenda ut res magis valeat guam pareat对金钱借贷的规定 regulations of money lending对滥用职权的法律补救 legal remedy for abuses of power对立的一方 opposite party对令状的发出作确认 acknowledge the issue of the writ对上诉抗辩 oppose an appeal对书面文件的词句应当按照对提出词句的当事人尤为不利的原则来解释 verba chartarum fortius accipiuntur contra proferentem对外经济法律顾问处 Foreign Economic Legal Consultancy Office对外经济律师事务所 foreign trade law firm对外经济贸易仲裁委员会Foreign Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission对外贸易经济合作部 Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic对物诉讼令状 writ in rem对帐 reconcile, reconciliation多边公约 multilateral convention多边国际公约 multi-latreal international conventions多分 a larger share多头 long position, bull position多头仲裁 multiple arbitration多于一名人士 2 or more persons多元立法体制 plural legislative structure多元主义 pluralism峨边彝族自治县 Ebian Yi Nationality Autonomous County恩施土家族苗族自治县Enshi Tujia Nationality Miao Nationality Autonomous County恩恤付款 ex gratia payment二审 second instance二审裁定书 order of second instance二审法院 Court of Second Instance二审判决书 written order of Second Instance二者只能择其一 the inclusion of one is the exclusion of the other发回重审 remand a lawsuit for a new trial发货人 consignor, shipper发生法律效力 be legally effective发现 discovery发行审核委员会 the Issuance Examination Commission发展规划 development plan罚款 Fine法案 bill法定部门 statutory machinery法定代表律师 Official Solicitor法定代表人 legal representative法定代理人 legal agent法定继承 legal inheritance法定继承人 legal heir法定监护人 legal guardian法定期限 time limit provided by law法定义务 legal duty法定语言 legal language法定主管当局 statuory authority法官法 judges law法官考评委员会 committee for the examination and appraisal of judges 法规 laws and regulations法纪 Law and Discipline法纪监督 supervision over legal discipline法理背景 jurisprudential background法理背景 jurisprudential base法理学 jurisprudence法令 decree法律程序文件 written process法律冲突 conflict of laws法律服务所 Legal Service Office法律概念 legal concept法律顾问处 Legal Consultant Office法律后果 legal effect法律解释权 power of law interpretation法律面前人人平等 equality before the law合法的 legitimate法律上的财产处分 legal disposition of property法律上的能力 legal capacity法律效果 legal effect法律行律 juristic act法律行为 act under the law法律性 legality法律性文献 legal document法律虚无主义 legal nihilism法律依据 legal basis法律制裁 legal sanctions法律制度 structure of the law法人 legal person法人代表 legal representative法人单位 legal entity法人委托书 power of attorney法庭程序文件 process of court法团公司 incorporated company法系地区 relevant law area法学派别 School of Legal Scholare法学研究所 Institute of Law法医 medicolegal法院 court法院组织法 organic law of the courts法制委员会 Commission on Legislation Affairs翻新 revision反驳 disprove反对通知书 notice of objection反革命宣传煽动罪crime of counter revolutionary propaganda and incitement反革命罪 crime of counter-revolution反悔 repudiate, resile反诉 counter-claim反要约 counter offer反走私 anti-smuggling返还 restitution返还性损害赔偿金 restitutionary damages犯 commit犯人 convict犯罪分子 offender犯罪客观方面 objective aspect of crime犯罪客体 object of crime犯罪事实 particulars of offense犯罪心意 mens rea犯罪行为 actus reus犯罪中止 discontinuation of a crime犯罪主观 subject of crime犯罪主观方面 subjective aspect of crime贩卖毒品 crime of drug trafficking贩卖假药罪 crime of selling bogus medicines贩卖淫秽物品罪 crime of selling pornographic articles贩运伪造的国家货币罪crime of trafficking in counterfeit national currency方便与公平的原则 principles of convenience and fairness防城各族自治县 Fangcheng Ge Nationality Autonomous County防止性禁制令 prohibitory injunction妨碍 pervert妨碍司法公正 interfere with the course of justice妨碍司法公正 obstruction of justice妨害公务罪 crime of interference with public administration妨害公务罪 crime of interference with state functions妨害社会管理秩序罪crime of disrupting the order of social administration妨害他人婚姻家庭罪 crime of disrupting marriage and the family房款凭证 evidence of purchasing money for real estate房屋的产权 property right in real estate房屋估价单 home appraisal report房屋继承successor in title, transferee in real estate, transferee mottoes放火罪 crime of arson放弃 relinquish放弃 waive放行条 release pass非专业人士 lay persons非法 unlawful非法 illegal非法查封 unlawful foreclosure非法查封财产 unlawfully seal up property非法逮捕, 拘禁或搜身 unlawful arrest, detention, and search非法的告发 wrongful prosecution非法的检举 wrongful prosecution非法购买 illegally purchasing非法拘禁罪 crime of unlawful detention非法同居关系 cohabiting unlawfully非法制造枪支及弹药罪 crime of illegally manufacturing firearms and ammunition非法转让 unlawful assign men非婚生子女 illegitimate child诽谤 defame废除 repeal分割 partition分居 live separate and apart分离 severance分期付款 installment payment分期付款 by instalment分期支付 by instalment分权共有人 co-owner分权学说 doctrine of separation of powers分摊 apportion分租 sub-lease纷争的解决 settlement to disputes丰宁满族自治县 Fengning Manchu Autonomous Region风险投资 venture capital封宗法主意思想 feudal legal thought佛山市 Foshan Municipality否定 repudiate否决权 veto power否认 deny否认立约 non est factum夫妻 spouse夫妻感情 goodwill as between spouses夫妻共同所有财产 joint property of the spouses夫妻关系 spousal relationship夫妻关系中的子女 a child of a union of concubinage夫妻间有互相扶养的义务mutual obligation between spouses for maintenance of one another夫妻名义 pugitive spouses夫妻身份 spousal relationship夫妻在婚姻关系存续期间 while a spousal relationship subsists扶养的义务 mutual maintenance support obligation扶养费 maintenance符号 sign福利社会 welfare society福州市 Fuzhou Municipality抚顺市 Fushun Municipality抚养 foster抚养费 cost of maintenance抚养关系的继父子 foster father and son relationship 父母权 parental right付购 re-purchase付清余款 paid the residual balance负责 be responsible附带民事诉讼 supplementary civil action附录 Appendix附件 Appendix附属公司 subsidiary附属于 collateral to阜新蒙古族自治县 Fuxin Mongolia Autonomous Country 复合氨基酸 compound amino acid复核审法院 Court of Review复息 compound interest复议 review复员费 decommission pay复员军人 demobilized serviceman副检察长 Deputy Chief Procuratoy富川瑶族自治县 Fuchuan Yao Nationality Autonomous 改过自新 remorse and reform盖章 seal干部 cadre干扰 disturb干扰证人 interfere with a witness干预 intervention甘肃省 Gansu Province肝炎 hepatitis感化 influence感情破裂 loss of affection赣州市 Ganzhou Municipality港币发行权 authority to issue Hong Kong currency 革委会 revolutionary committee格式合同 standard form of contract个人财产 personal property个体户 individual household个体劳动者所有权 individual worker's ownership各级 at different levels各级地方政府 local government at several levels各尽所能 from each according to his ability各省 of all provinces给予 assign给予适当的经济帮助 render suitable financial assistance给予援助令状 Writ of Assistance根本法律 fundamental law根据成文法推定的默示条款 terms implied by legislation根据法院判决推定的默示条款 terms implied by courts根据惯例推定的默示条款 terms implied by usage根据婚姻法的规定 according to Marriage Law provisions更改 alter更换 replacement工矿产品合同试行条例 The Trial Implementing Regulations on Contracts of Industrial and Mineral Product工矿区 industrial and mining district工农联盟 Alliance of Workers and Peasants工商统一税 unified industrial-commercial tax工作场所 work place公检法机关 organs of the public security, the procuracy and the court 公安 Public Security Officers公安部 Ministry of Public Security公安部法规局 The Bureau of Policies and Regulations of the Ministry of Public Security公安处 Public Security Office公安机关 Public Security Organs公安机关行政处罚决定 Public Security Penalty Decision公安局 Public Security Bureau公安派出所 local police station公安人员 Public Security Officers公共开支 public expenditure公共性 public character公共帐目的审计制度 system for auditing public accounts公共政策 public policy公共政策的原则 principle of public policy公共秩序 public order公共主管当局 competent authority公积金 public accumulation funds公检法 public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts 公开 disclose公开聆讯方式 public hearing公开审理 public hearing公民 citizen公民劳动义务 civic duty to work公平 fair公社 commune公司 enterprise公司存在期限 duration of company公司章程 Articles of Association公诉 public prosecution公诉机关 public prosecution organ公诉人 public prosecutor公诉书 bill of indictment公务人员 public official公有制 public ownership system公约国 Convention country公约证明书 Convention certificates公证承付 notarial act of honour公证会计师办事处 Notarial Accountants' Office公证机关 notary public公证人 public notary公证证明 notarial certification公职 public office公众假期 public holiday公众假日 public holiday公众利益 public advantage供认 confession供述 confession供销合作社 supply and marketing co-operative共负盈亏 share profits and losses共谋 collude共青团中央 The Central Committee of the Communist Young League 共识政府 Government by consensus共同被告人 co-defendant共同财产 common property共同犯罪 joint offence共同纲领 common programme共同权利 a joint right共同实施违法行为 jointly committed the offence共同误解 common mistake共同原告 co-plaintiff共同债务joint debts共享软件 shareware勾结 collude构成要件 constitutive requirements估计 assess股东大会 stock-holder meeting股份有限公司 stock limited company固定资产 fixed capital故意 intention故意的动机 intentional motive故意破坏公私财物罪 crime of intentionally sabotaging public or private property故意杀人罪 crime of intentional homicide故意伤害 intentional injury故意伤害致人死亡 intentional infliction of bodily injury resulting in a person's death故意伤害致死罪 crime of intentionally injuring another which resulted in death故意伤害罪 crime of intentional injury故意投毒 spreading poison with intent雇佣合同 employment contract寡妇 widow挂靠 be subordinate to挂牌公司 company-in-name拐卖人口罪 crime of abducting and trafficking human beings关键 pivotal issue关税壁垒 customs barrier关系恶化 worsening of relations关系过远 remote关押 custody关员级人员 customs officer官僚主义 bureaucracy官职 public office管卡压 interference, obstruction and oppression管理办法 Administrative Measures行政措施 Administrative Measures管辖范围 scope of jurisdiction管辖权 jurisdiction管有令状 writ of possession管制 control管制 public surveillance管制 regulate贯彻执行 executed in fact广东省 Guangdong Province广西壮族自治区 Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region归还 restitution规范 regulate规则 rule规章 directive桂林市 Guilin Municipality锅炉压力容器检验所Inspection Institution for Boiler Pressing Containers国防部 Ministry of National Defense国防科学技术工业委员会National Defense Scientific Technological Industry国际供应合同 international supply contract国际惯例 international common practice国际惯例 international practice国际海事卫星组织公约 Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization国际私法 private international law国际运输 international transport国家安全局 The State Administration of National Security国家版权局 State Copyright Bureau国家保密局 State Bureau of Protection of Confidential Documents国家编制委员会 State Organization Commission国家标准局 State Standard Bureau国家测绘局 State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping国家城市建设总局 State City Construction General Bureau国家出版局 State Publication Bureau国家出入境检验检疫局 The State Administration for Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine国家档案局 State Archives Bureau国家地震局 State Seismology Bureau国家电力公司 State Electric Power Corporation国家发展计划委员会 State Development & Planning Commission国家防汛总指挥郭办公室 State Flood Prevention General Command Office 国家房管局 State Housing Management Bureau国家纺织工业局 State Administration on Textile Industry国家纺织工业局 State Textile Industry Bureau国家工商行政管理局 State Administration for Industry and Commerce国家公诉人 State Prosecutor国家广播电影电视总局The State Broadcasting Film and Television Administration国家国防动员委员会 National Defense Mobilization Commission国家国内贸易局 State Administration for Domestic Trade国家国有资产管理局 State State-owned Assets Administration Bureau国家海洋局 State Oceanic Administration国家核安全局 State Nuclear Safety Bureau国家环境保护总局 State Environment Protection Administration国家黄金管理局 State Gold Administration Bureau国家机关人民防空办公室 State Organ People Air Defence Office国家机械工业局 State Administration of Machinery Industry国家基本建设委员会 State Infrastructure Commission国家计划生育委员会 State Family Planning Commission国家计划委员会 State Planning Commission国家计量局 State Metrological Bureau机部机械设备成套总局 General Office of Complete Set of Machinery of the First Machinery Industry Ministry of the State Construction Commission国家建筑材料工业局 State Construction Materials Industry Administration国家教育委员会 State Education Commission国家结构 state structure国家进出口管理委员会 State Import & Export Regulatory Commission国家进出口银行 State Import & Export Bank国家禁毒委员会 National Ban Drugs Commission国家经济贸易委员会 State Economy & Trade Commission国家经济体制改革委员会 State Commission for Restructuring Economy国家经济委员会 State Economy Commission国家开发银行 State Development Bank国家开发银行办公厅 General Office of State Development Bank国家科委自然科学奖励委员会 State Science Commission国家科学发明评选委员会State Science Commission Invent Selection Commission国家科学技术委员会 State Scientific and Technological Commission国家劳动总局 State Labour Bureau国家粮食储备局 State Grain Reserves Bureau国家林业局 State Bureau of Forestry国家旅游局 State Bureau of Tourism国家煤炭工业局 State Coal Industry Administration国家密码管理委员会办公室 State Secret code Regulatory Commission Office国家民族事务委员会 State National Affairs Commission国家南极考察委员会 National South Pole Investigation Commission国家能源投资公司 State Energy Resources Investment Corporation国家能源委员会 State Energy Resources Commission国家农业委员会 State Agriculture Commission国家农业综合开发办公室 State Agriculture Comprehensive Development Office国家破产储量管理局 State Minerals Reserves Administration Bureau国家器具 state apparatus国家轻工业局 State Light Industry Administration国家轻工业局 State Light Industry Bureau国家人防委员会 State People's Air Defense Commission国家人事局 State Personnel Bureau国家商标局 State Trademark Bureau国家商检局 State Commodity Inspection Bureau国家石油和化学工业局 State Petroleum and Chemical Industry国家水产总局 State Aquatic Product General Bureau国家税务局 National Taxation Head Office国家税务总局 State Administration on Taxation国家所有权 state ownership国家体育运动委员会 State Physical Culture and Sports Commission国家体育总局 State Administration of Sports国家统计局 State Statistics Bureau国家土地 State owned land国家土地管理局 China Land Administration Bureau国家外国专家局 State Foreign Expert Bureau国家外汇管理局 State Foreign Exchange Administration Bureau国家文物局 State Cultural Relic Bureau国家无线电管理委员会 State Radio Regulatory Commission国家物价局 State Price Control Bureau国家物资局 State Commodities Bureau国家新闻出版署 National News Publication Bureau (National Copyright Bureau)国家行政区域划分 demarcation of national administrative zones国家行政学院 Chinese Academy of Engineering Sciences国家烟草专卖局 State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau国家药品监督管理局 State Drug Administration国家冶金工业局 State Metallurgical Industry Bureau国家邮政局 State Post Office Bureau国家有色金属工业局 State Non-Ferrous Metal Industry Bureau国家语言文字工作委员会 State Language Affairs Commission国家知识产权局 State Intellectual Property Bureau国家制度 state system国家质量技术监督局 State Bureau of Quality Technical Supervision国家中医药管理局 State Chinese Medicine Administration Bureau国家主席 President of the State国家自然科学基金委员会 State Natural Science Funds Commission国家宗教事务局 State Bureau of Religious Affairs国库券 treasury bills国民政府 National Government国体 polity国土资源部 Ministry of Natural Resources国务院 State Council国务院 Safety manufacture Commission of the State Council国务院办公厅 General Office of the State Council国务院参事室 Counsellor Office of the State Council国务院出版事业管理局 Publication Cause Administration Bureau of the Council国务院电子振兴领导小组办公室 Electronic Rejuvenation Leading Group Office of the State Council国务院发展研究中心 The State Development Research Center国务院法制办Legal Affairs Office of the State Council国务院法制局 Bureau of the Legislative Affairs under the State Council 国务院扶贫开发办 Aid-the-Poor Development Office of the State Council 国务院港澳办 Hong Kong and Macao Office of the State Council国务院工资制度改革小组 Salary Reform Group of the State Council国务院关税税则委员会 Customs tariff Commission of the State Council国务院环境保护领导小组 Environment Protection Leading Group of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Bureau of Institutional Affairs of the State Council国务院计划生育领导小组 Family Planning Leading Group of the State Council国务院减轻企业负担部际联席会议Lighten the Burden on the CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY国务院经法规研究中心 Research Centre for Economic Legislation Under the State Council国务院经济法规研究中心 Economic Law Research Center of the State Council 国务院经济贸易办公室 Economic and Trade Office of the State Council国务院纠正行业不正之风办公室Correcting Industrial Illegitimate Practice Office of the State Council国务院军队转业干部安置工作小组 Demobilized Army Cadre Emplacement Leading Group of the State Council国务院科技干部局 Science and Technology Cadre Bureau of the State Council国务院科技教育领导小组办公室 Science and Technology Education Leading Group Office of the State Council国务院口岸领导小组 Port Leading Group of the State Council国务院农村发展研究中心 Rural Development Research Center of the State Council国务院贫困地区经济开发领导小组 Impoverished Area Economic Development Leading Group of the State Council国务院企业管理委员会 Enterprise Regulatory Commission of the State Council国务院侨务办公室 Oversea Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council国务院清产核资领导小组 Liquidition and Assets Check Group of the State Council国务院清产核资领导小组办公室 Liquidation Assets Check Leading Group Office of the State Council国务院清理三角债导小组 Clearing "Chain Debts" Leading Group of the State Council国务院清理固定资产投资项目领导小组 Liquidition Fixed Asset Investment Projects Leading Group of the State Council国务院三峡工程建设委员会 Three Gorges Project Construction Commission of the State Council国务院三线建设调整改造规划办公室 San Xian Construction Adjustment Reorganization Planning Office of the State Council国务院生产办公室 Manufacture Office of the State Council国务院水土保持委员会 Water Soil Conservation Commission of the State Council国务院税收财务物价大检查办公室) Taxation Accounting Commodity Price Examination Office of the State Council国务院台湾事务办公室 Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council国务院特区办公室 Special Zone Office of the State Council国务院体制改革办公室 System Reform Office of the State Council国务院统一着装管理委员会 Uniform Regulatory Commission of the State Council国务院退伍军人和军队离退休干部安置领导小组 Demobilized Soldier and Army Retired Cadre Emplacement Leading Group of the State Council国务院外事办 Foreign Affairs Bureau of the State Council国务院稀土领导小组 Rare-Earth Leading Group of the State Council国务院新闻办公室 News Office of the State Council国务院信息化工作领导小组 Information Work Leading Group of the State Council国务院学位委员会 Academic Degree Commission of the State Council国务院证券委员会 Securities Commission of the State Council国务院知青办 Intellectual Young People Office of the State Council国务院知识产权办公会议办公室 Intellectual Property Working Meeting Office of the State Council国务院住房制度改革领导小组 Housing System Reform Leading Group of the State Council国有股 state-owned shares国有股减持 reduce state's stake in listed companies国债投资 treasury bond investment国债专项资金 special fund for treasury bond哈尔滨市 Harbin Municipality海关法 customs law海关税 customs duties海关总署 General Customs Administration海军司令部 Commander Department of the Navy海事法院 admiralty court海洋公约 the Hague Convention含糊 ambiguity邯郸市 Handan Municipality汉族 Han people合并 merger合法 lawful合法的房屋所有权 legitimate land ownership right 合法继承人 lawful successor合法权益lawful benefit合法权益 lawful right合法收入 legitimate income合法受让人 lawful assignee合法性 legality合肥市 Hefei Municipality合伙生意 partnership合计惩处 aggregate punishment合理的 reasonable合理的考虑 reasonable contemplation合理的预见 reasonable foresee ability合理期限 reasonable time合理时限 reasonable time合理性方面的要求 requirement of reasonableness 合理性要求 requirement of reasonableness合谋 conspire合谋诈骗 conspiratorial swindling合适的处分 appropriate penalty合适的处分 just penalty合适人选 fit person合同变更 modification of contract合同当事人 contracting parties合同当事人相互关系 privity of contract合同法 law of contract合同前仲裁 pre-contract arbitration合同条款的分类 classification of terms合同转让 assignment of contract合议纪要 summary of discussion合议庭 Collegiate Bench合议制 collegiate system合营期限 duration of joint ventures合约 contract合约一方 party合约责任 contractual obligation合作经营企业 co-operative venture和解 accord河北省高级人民法院 High People's Court of Hebei Province核实 verify核实证据 verified evidence黑龙江省 Heilongjiang Province横向关系 horizontal relationship衡平法 equity衡平法赋予的自由裁量权 equitable discretion衡平法上的补救措施 equitable remedy衡阳市 Hengyang Municipality哄抢财产 roaring seizure后法优于前法 lex posterior derogat lex priori后果的严重程度 severity of consequence后续条件 condition subsequent呼和浩特市 Huhehaote Municipality互免签证协议 visa exemption agreement互相帮助 assist each other互相抵押 mutual security互相供养的责任感 a sense of mutual obligation to support one another 互相印证 corroborate互选 elect from among themselves互争权利诉讼 interpleader proceedings户口尚未解决 residence account in the city not yet properly arranged 华侨事务委员会 Oversea Chinese Affairs Commission淮南市 Huainan Municipality缓期执行 suspension of execution缓刑 suspended sentence患精神病 mentally ill, psychologically ill恢复 resume恢复行使主权 resume the exercise of sovereignty挥霍浪费 spendthrift挥霍浪费 waste徽章 honour回报 return回报 payoff回报率 rate of return回避 withdrawal回购协议 repurchase agreement回扣 commit悔改 remorse悔改 repent悔罪 repentance汇票 draft贿赂 bribery惠州市 Huizhou Municipality婚外性关系 sexual relations outside marriage婚姻登记所 Marriage Registration Office婚姻法 marriage law婚姻基础 basis for marriage婚姻授产协议 marriage settlement混合饲料 mixed provender货证 bill of lading获得 procurement机械工业委员会 Machinery Industry Commission基本法 Basic Law基本法律 basic statute基本权利和义务 fundamental rights and duties基本人权 fundamental human rights基本性国家法律 overriding national law基本政策 fundamental policies基层公安机关 grassroots public security agencies基层人民法院 Basic People's Court基层人民法院副院长 Basic People's Court vice-president基层人民法院院长 Basic People's Court president缉私 anti-smuggling及时 promptness即此函达尚希见复为荷 respectfully submitted for clearance 极刑 capital punishment集会结社 assembly and association集体企业 collectively owned enterprise集体所有 collective ownership集体所有制单位 unit under collective ownership集体土地 collective-owned land计划经济 planned economy计划生育 family planning技术产权交易所 technology equity market济南市 Jinan Municipality济宁市 Jining Municipality继承 in succession继承纠纷 succession dispute继承权 right in succession继承人 successor继承人多 many successors and beneficiaries and not suitable for division 继承遗产 take as a beneficiary under an estate继父母 step parent继续进行 to proceed继子女 step-child寄递 consignment寄养子女 foster child寄运 consignment加权平均值 weighted average加重刑罚 Aggravate Punishment佳木斯市 Kiamusze Municipality家庭财产分割协议 marriage settlement家庭成员 family members家庭法 family law家庭副业 family sideline production假冒商标 passing of trademark假冒商标罪 crime of passing off trademarks假释 parole假证据 false evidence奸淫幼女罪 crime of having sexual intercourse with a minor坚决要求 firmly demanded间接法 indirect rule兼容性 compatibility监察部 Ministry of Supervision监察局 Supervisory Bureau监督 supervise监护人 guardian监内执行 execution of punishment inside the prison监视 surveillance监视居住 residential surveillance监狱 Prison and Detention houses减轻处罚 reduced punishment减轻损失 mitigation检查鉴定结论 conclusion after examination。
法律英语2PPT课件
各州律师联考 州综合问答题
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• The Multistate Bar Examination (MBE) is a six-hour, two-hundred question multiple-choice examination covering contracts, torts, constitutional law, criminal law, evidence, and real property.
• 哥伦比亚大学法学院院长
• 司法部长（总检察长）
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• In 1925 he was nominated to the Supreme Court. While on the Court, Stone was a strong supporter of President Roosevelt's New Deal legislation. Roosevelt appointed Stone Chief Justice in 1941. Stone died in 1946 at the age of 73.
• 有很少数量的律师为了从事工商业活动而 放弃执业。
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• The mobility as well as the sense of public responsibility in the profession is evidence by the career of Harlan Fiske Stone who was, at various times, a successful New York lawyer, a professor and dean of the Columbia School of Law, Attorney General of the United States, and Chief Justice of the United States.
法律翻译 ppt课件
1. The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.
一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。
ppt课件
法律翻译
揭廷媛
ppt课件
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Article 2 第二条
The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles.
automatically terminate upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of either opfpt课t件he parties hereto. 13
3. Archaism
- hereafter, herein, hereof, hereto, heretofore, hereunder, herewith；
12
serve（送达）
2. Formal Words frozen style (庄重文体) formal style (正式文体) consultative style (商议文体) casual style (随便文体) intimate style (亲密文体) prior– before; Subsequent to– after provided that-- but 尽量用大词是法律英语用词的一大特色 The Agreement shall commence on this day and
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4.付款人对于背书支票的付款，应负有识别背书连续之责，但对于背 书签名，不负识别真伪之别。
The drawee who pays an endorsable check is bound to verify the regularity of the series of endorsement, but not the signature of the endorsers.
4. 对代词严格限制
法律英语中，指人或物的词往往重复，而不使用代词，以避免代 词指代不明而引起不同的理解与解释。
The Author should bear the cost of any necessary fees for textual and illustrative permissions but the Publishers agree to pay such fees on the Author’s behalf up to an agreed maximum amount and may deduct the same from my sums that may become due to the Author under this Agreement.
注：原文中所指时间应该包括9月20日这一天。但是 原译忽略了这一点，改译后的译文补上一个介词on，使 译文的意思与原文达到完全的一致，避免有人在这一英汉 法律用语上钻时间的空子。
1。 如在解释上遇有分歧，应以英文文本为准。
2. 合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律、法令和有关规 定。
3. 通过协商无法解决的争议应由争议方提交缔约各方，按本公约第 五十五条的规定召开会议，该会审议并提出解决争议的建议。
每一个法律术语只能表达一个特定的法律概念。 法律术语的词义必须单一而固定。任何人在任何情 况下必须对其有同一的解释。不仅法律专门术语要 求词义单一，由民族共同语转化而来的法律词汇也 必须表达单一的法律概念。有些民族共同语属于多 义词，但是其中一个义项在法律语境中有特定的法 律含义，这种法律词汇也被称为人工法律术语。例 如“assignment”在法律语境下表示“权利或财产的 转让”，而不表示在日常用语中的“任务”的含义， “deed”不是日常所说的“行为”而是指法律中的 “契约”。
其规范性是指各国法律文件的格式统一，行文笔调一致，篇 章结构有统一要求，尤其是同类文本的开头结尾部分几乎是一 致的，这就要求翻译工作者应很好理解各种不同语言中有关法 律文书的格式与规范写法，不可按其它国家的文本格式依样画 葫芦，要按本国法律文本的格式来进行翻译。
因此，法律文本的翻译应遵循以下几个原则：1）语言明确， 2）条理清晰，3）行文严谨，4）符合规范格式。
而在汉语的法律文本中，其词汇特点也有别于其它文本，如严肃 性、规范性、质朴性等。
其严肃性表现在不用比喻、借代、夸张、双关等修辞形式， 有言简意赅、概括力强的特点。此外，文言词语也经常使用， 这一点与英语十分相似，如：云、其、系、予以、加以、判以、 免于、鉴于等古词语时有所见。我们在翻译时也要模仿学习。
根据第（1）款发出的通知书﹐除其中另有订定外﹐亦适用于通知 书内指明的财产的收入﹐一如适用于该项财产本身。
例3
Any person who by threats, persuasion or otherwise induces a witness or a party not to give evidence in any hearing before the Board commits an offence.
任何人籍恐吓﹑怂恿或以其它手段诱使证人或一方当事人不在仲裁 处聆讯中作证﹐即属犯罪。
例4
If 2 or more persons are defendants to a claim, as partners or otherwise, a process may be served on any of them and an award may be obtained and execution issued against any person so served notwithstanding that any other persons jointly liable may not have been served or been a party or may not be within the jurisdiction of the Board.
由于法律文件主要是下命令及做出规定，因此 法律文件的谓语动词结构比较简单，最常见 的是 “应该……”，“可以……”, “必须……”,一 般采用英文中与之对应的，也是英文法律英 语常用的谓语动词结构“should/shall/may + do/have done/be done”
在任一缔约国提出的保护发明的申请都可以按照本条约规定提 出国际申请。
法律语言具有权威性，它排斥多义与歧义。一些日常生活中使用的普通 用语在法律文体中有了更为明确的概念含义。例如infant一词，在日常 语言中一般指“婴儿”、“幼儿”，但在法律上是指21岁或18岁以下 的人。Demise 一词在日常英语中有许多意思，如死亡、终止、失败、 职位的丧失等，但在法律上，它专指财产的转让，或称让渡，或遗赠， 如指死亡亦是专指引起财产或权力转让的死亡（如国王“驾崩”后涉 及王位的继承）。
2.1 OTHERWISE
Otherwise 在法律英语中的用法： 1. 跟unless引导的句子（让步状语从句）连用； 2. 置放在连词or之后使用； 3. 与than一起，通常用来否定句子的主语。
例1
In this Ordinance, unless the context otherwise requires, "state" means a territory or group of territories having its own law of nationality. (Laws of Hong Kong, Cap.30, Wills Ordinance, Art. 2)
Applications for the protection of inventions in any of the Contracting States may be filed as international applications under this Treaty.
2. 法律英语典型句型的翻译
法律文体翻译
法律文体的翻译原则和方法
广义而言，法律文体通常包括宪法、法律、 行政法规、条令、条例、条约、合同书、协 议书、契约、遗嘱、文凭、各类证书、规程 等。这些内容都以法律文书的形式固定下来， 即以文字的形式固定下来。这类专用于法律 文书的语言，具有一定的特点，所以称为法 律语言。在法制社会里，作为一个翻译工作 者，无时无刻不与这些文件打交道。
以here开头的词有：
hereupon 于是
hereunder 下文
hereto 至此
hereof 在本文中
herewith 与此一道
herein 于此
hereafter 今后
hereat 由此
以there开头的词有：
thereupon 在其上
thereunder 在其下
thereto 此外
thereof
在本条例中﹐除文意另有所指外, “国家”指拥有本身国籍法的领域 或一组领域。
例2
A notice under subjection (1) shall, unless it otherwise provides, apply to the income from any property specified therein as it applies to the property itself.
由此
therewith 随即
therein
在那里
此外还有一些以where开头的关系副词型的复合词，如：
whereupon 据此
whereby 藉以
wherefore 为此
wherewith 用以
wherein 在那种情况下 物）
whereof 关于那人（事，
这些词用来确指法律文本中的某一方或合同双方，使行文准 确，从而提高法律文书的正式性。
常用单词 action alienation consideration counterpart
satisfaction execution
一般文体含义 行动 疏远 考虑 对方、对手
满意 执行
法律文体含义 诉讼 转让 对价 有同等效力的副本
清偿、补偿 签署、签订
2. 惯用大词
除了专门术语外，法律语言的一个显著特征是用词庄重， 多用大词，吕俊、侯向群先生对此做了系统的分析和比较。 下面是英语中日常用语词汇和法律文体词汇的比较：
日常用语词汇
法律文体词汇
make
render
want, need
require
subject, topic, matter question
home
residence
imagine, picture
visualise
live
reside
日常用语词汇 place tell refer work by itself consideration show give wish think begin
5. shall的使用
在法律文体中，shall具有特殊含义，表示
“应当承担的责任和义务”, 带有指令性和强制性，充分体现 了法律文件的权威性和约束性。可以用于各种时态。Should 在法律问题中，不表示法律义务，只表示一般义务或道义 上的义务，一般译为应该或应当，
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1.词义具有明显的专业性