生物玻璃(中英)

生物玻璃

Biological glass

摘要：本文简单介绍了生物玻璃材料的生物活性，制备方法，具体应用以及其复合材料。并且就生物玻璃及其复合材料发展趋势进行展望.

This article simply introduced the biological activities of bioglass materials, preparation methods, application and it’s composite material. And the development trend of biological glass and it’s composites were discussed.

关键词：Biological glass

引言：生物玻璃(bioglass) 能实现特定的生物、生理功能的玻璃。将生物玻璃植入人体骨缺损部位，它能与骨组织直接结合，起到修复骨组织、恢复其功能的作用。生物玻璃是佛罗里达大学美国人L.L.亨奇于1969 年发明的。其主要成分有约占45%Na2O、占25%CaO 与25%SiO2和约占5%P2O5。若添加少量其他成分，如K2O、MgO、CaF2、B2O3等，则可得到一系列有实用价值的生物玻璃。用这种玻璃来造人体骨比某些金属要优越的多。

生物玻璃已成为材料科学、生物化学以及分子生物学的交叉学科，由于生物玻璃具有生物活性等特点，在组织工程支架材料、骨科、牙科、中耳、癌症治疗和药物载体等方面的应用前景可观。主要由Si、Na、Ca 以及P 的氧化物组成。

Preface: bioglass can implement specific biological and physiological function of glass. The bioglass implanted bone defect site, it can be combined with bone tissue directly, have the effect of repairing bone tissue, restore its function. Bioglass is americans at the university of Florida L.L. hencky invented in 1969. Its main composition is about 45% of Na2O, 25% 25% CaO and SiO2 and about 5% P2O5. If add a small amount of other constituents, such as K2O, MgO style, CaF2, B2O3, etc, can get a series of useful biological glass. With this kind of glass to make human bone is much superior than certain metals.

Bioglass has become a material science, biochemistry and molecular biology of interdisciplinary, because bioglass has the characteristics of biological activity, in tissue engineering scaffold material, orthopedist, dentist, middle ear, cancer therapy and drug carrier and so on the application prospect is considerable. Is mainly composed of Si, Na, Ca and P of oxide.

生物玻璃简介：

1.1 生物玻璃的定义

生物活性玻璃是指能够满足或达到特定生物、生理功能的特种玻璃。

1.2 生物玻璃的特点

生物玻璃是无机生物医用材料中的一个重要分支。

（1）具有良好的生物相容性，没有毒副作用；

（2）容易与周围的骨骼形成紧密牢固的化学键合，或经生物降解形成新的骨骼成分（由于它们的化学组成与生物体的自然骨骼相似）；

（3）生物玻璃的力学性能较差，限制其应用。

Bioglass profile:

1.1 definition of biological glass

Bioactive glass is able to meet or achieve a specific biological, physiological function of special glass.

1.2 the characteristics of biological glass

Bioglass is an important branch of inorganic biomedical materials.

(1) has good biocompatibility, no side effects;

(2) easy to closely strong bond with bone formation around, or through the biodegradation to form new bone composition (due to their chemical composition and biological is similar to natural bone);

(3) biological glass mechanical properties is poor, limit its application.

生物玻璃的生物活性：

2.1 生物玻璃活性的定义

生物玻璃的生物活性在于，在人体液中，其表面发生一系列反应，最后在表面形成一层与人体骨骼无机相相似的羟基磷灰石（HA）而与人体硬或软组织如胶原蛋白和细胞紧密联结的能力。

2.2 生物玻璃具有生物活性的原因

生物玻璃的活性在于其在体内能与自然骨、软组织形成化学键合。

Bioglass biological activity:

2.1 the definition of the biological activity of glass

Bioglass biological activity lies in the fact that in human body fluid, the surface produces a series of reaction, and finally formed in the surface layer is similar to human bone inorganic phase of hydroxyapatite (HA) and the body is hard or soft tissues such as collagen and cell's ability to bond tightly.

2.2 biological bioactive glass

The activity of biological glass lies in its with natural bone and soft tissue in the body to form chemical bonds.

生物玻璃的制备方法：

3.1 高温熔制法(传统制备生物玻璃的方法)

定义:以Na2O、CaO、SiO2和P2O5等为原料，通过高温烧结而成生物玻璃。

生物玻璃性能控制方式：控制生成晶体的种类、颗粒大小以及含量多少等。如，适当调整熔制温度可以提高玻璃的生物活性；生成细小的晶粒可以提高玻璃的断裂韧性。

缺点：采用该方法制备的生物玻璃密实无孔、比表面积小，一般当SiO2 含量超过60(wt)%时，玻璃就不再具有生物活性。

3.2 溶胶-凝胶法