(情绪管理)T++EQ
(情绪管理)某公司行政中层管理人员培训之IQ、AQ、EQ学习资料
成功指标:IQ/EQ/AQ【本讲重点】掌握成功指标IQ/EQ/AQ的含义和作用明白逆境帮助生存和生长【管理名言】命运无法改变,可以改变的是我们对命运的态度。
掌握成功指标IQ/EQ/AQ的含义和作用1.什么是“3Q”◆第一个是大家耳熟目详的IQ(IntelligenceQuotient),智慧商数,是指一个人所具有的智慧多少和对科学知识的理解掌握程度。
◆第二个是EQ(EmotionalQuotient),情绪商数,是指一个人对环境和个人情绪的掌控和对团队关系的运作能力。
◆第三个是AQ(AdversityQuotient),逆境商数,是一个人面对困境时减除自己的压力、渡过难关的能力。
2.“3Q”与员工招聘有的人IQ很好,但是EQ很低,表示他不能很好地领导团队;有的人IQ、EQ都很好,但AQ不好,说明他不能很好地面对逆境。
台湾台基电公司总经理张中谋在上海已经开了分公司,招聘员工时选用最适合的人。
他用人第一个先注意员工的IQ,就是以前的学习成果如何,解决问题的能力如何;第二个是EQ,就是员工如何控制情绪,如何激发团队热情,如何与别人水平沟通;第三个是AQ,员工是否不屈不挠、具有耐力,而且很乐观。
综合“3Q”一起考核来决定员工的录用、提拔。
3.IQ、EQ与AQ的关系IQ、EQ与AQ的关系可以用登山来形容。
登山的人有3种:第一种人在山底下一看到山很高,就停下来。
这种人看情况不好就不愿意去拼斗的人在人群中占70%;另外有部分人站在山腰上,爬到一半就再也没有力气了,就在那里搭个帐篷,这样的人占25%;可以攀越巅峰,到达山顶上的人只占5%。
所以整个人群中75%的人是好逸恶劳、安于现实的;25%的人具备斗志,但是不能够完全达到目标,只做到一半;只有那5%的人可以真正地爬到山顶,如图10-1所示。
图10-13Q与登山的关系如果把攀越一个巅峰看成是这种情况,可不可以把它用EQ、IQ跟AQ来解释一下,在图10-1中可以看得出来。
EQ与情绪管理课程(PPT 51页)
“钉子”的故事 :
有一个男孩脾气很坏,于是他的父亲就给了他一袋钉子,并且告诉他,每当他 发脾气的时候就钉一根钉子在后院的围篱上。第一天,这个男孩钉下了37根钉 子。慢慢地每天钉下的数量减少了。他发现控制自己的脾气要比钉下那些钉子 来得容易些。 终于有一天这个男孩再也不会因失去耐性乱发脾气,他告诉他的父亲这件事, 父亲告诉他,现在开始每当他能控制自己的脾气的时候,就拔出一根钉 子。 一天天地过去了,最后男孩告诉他的父亲,他终于把所有钉子都拔出来 了。 父亲握着他的手来到后院说:你做得很好,我的好孩子。 但是看看那些围篱上的洞,这些围篱将永远不能回复成从前完好的样子。 你生气的时候说的话将像这些钉子一样会留下疤痕。 如果你拿刀子捅别人一刀,不管你说了多少次对不起,那个伤口将永远存在。
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二.EQ的重要性
影响生理健康
影响人际关系(钉子的故事) 影响个人成就
一个人的EQ对他职场的表现有着非常重要的影响。一项 针对全美前500大企业员工所做的调查发现,一个人的IQ 和EQ对他在工作上成功的贡献比例为IQ:EQ=1:2,也就是 说,EQ对工作成就的影响是IQ的两倍,而且职位愈高, EQ对工作表现的影响就愈大。
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这个故事说明了一个人要活得很成功、很快 乐,最重要的关键并不是在于他是不是能力 很强或很聪明,而是他是否有办法经常做自 己情绪的主人。那些经常会被人激怒,并且 无法控制自己情绪的人,无论他智商再高, 成绩再好,都常有使自己生活陷于地狱中的 危险。
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课程大纲
一.何谓EQ 二. EQ的重要性 三. 如何管理情绪
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EQ与IQ的区别
EQ( Emotional Quotient) —— 感性
EQ与情绪管理
委屈 沮喪 緊張 輕鬆 友善 好奇 不悅 懊惱
生氣 抑鬱 擔心 滿足 信賴 有趣 排拒 難堪
敵意 絕望 迷惑 得意 親密 震驚 輕蔑 自憐
憎恨 痛苦 慌亂 興奮 癡心 駭異 棄絕 愧疚
情緒對人的影響
1.影響思考力:心情愉快較能正向、 彈性、複雜的思考。
2.影響行為表現:心情好比較能維持 正常的表現。
心中有愛—能感受別人感受、能感受別人 需要、能為別人提供服務
我心似海洋
心靈小語
你不能預測天氣 但你可以改變心情 你不能改變容貌 但你可以改變氣質 你不能控制別人 但你可以掌握自己 你不能預測明天 但你可以善用今天 你不能樣樣順利 但你可以事事盡力
~ 積極的人生像太陽 走到那裡那裡亮
消極的人生像月亮 初一、十五不一樣~
困擾。 4.心情低落時,運用一些方法轉變自己的情緒,
走出低潮,重新出發。 5.從書籍或智者長者的意見中尋找參考的答案
A.我平常最常出現的情緒是
。
B.我最喜歡的情緒是
。
C.我最討厭的情緒是
。
D.我最想改變的情緒是
。
五、懂得適時激勵自己
1.以樂觀的角度去看事情,不要怨天尤人 2.保持微笑、接近快樂的人、知福惜福 3.利用好心情的時候,思考或解決一些重要
1.留意自己內心的感覺,適時與他人 分享。
2.煩惱、生氣或難過時,對適當的人 表達出來,不要壓抑在心。
3.了解情緒背後所隱含的困擾或內心 真正的需求。
❖認識情緒小測驗
EQ計分表
A
B
C
D
E
自我情 緒的認 知能力
自我情 緒
控制能 力
自我激 了解他 與人相 勵 人情緒 處
的能力 的能力 的能力
EQ情商与情绪管理培训
EQ情商与情绪管理培训情商与情绪管理培训引言:在现代社会,情绪管理能力成为了一个人综合素质中不可忽视的一部分。
而情绪管理的核心就是情商(EQ)。
情绪智商(EQ)是指人们对自己的情绪和他人的情绪的理解、应用和处理能力。
合理运用情商,能够帮助我们更好地应对各种情绪冲击和挑战,提高生活幸福感,改善人际关系,并在工作和学习中取得更好的成果。
因此,情商培训成为了现代社会中的一个热点话题。
正文:一、情商的概念及重要性1.1 情商的概念情商是指个体运用情绪智力来进行情绪管理、察言观色、理解他人情绪、与人交往等能力。
情商包括自我意识、情绪管理、人际关系管理和应对压力等方面。
它在个人成功、幸福感、工作效果以及人际关系等方面都起着至关重要的作用。
1.2 情商的重要性情商的重要性不容忽视。
研究表明,情商与个人职业成功的关系更加密切。
情商高的人更易获得机会,具备更好的抗挫折能力和人际交往能力,更能带领团队,有效解决问题。
另外,情商还与幸福感、身心健康、婚姻质量等方面有密切联系。
因此,提升情商,对于我们的个人发展以及全面提升生活质量都具有重要意义。
二、情绪管理的原则及方法2.1 情绪管理的原则情绪管理的原则主要包括情绪认知、情绪表达和情绪调节。
情绪认知是指正确理解和评估自己的情绪,以及他人的情绪;情绪表达是指合适地表达和沟通自己的情绪,与他人有效地交流;情绪调节是指有效控制和管理自己的情绪,以及适度影响他人的情绪。
2.2 情绪管理的方法情绪管理的方法包括积极思考、自我调节、身体放松、情绪转移等。
积极思考是通过积极的心态对待问题和困难,培养乐观的情绪;自我调节是指通过合理的目标设定、时间管理等方法来调节自己的情绪;身体放松是通过深呼吸、运动等方式来减轻紧张和焦虑;情绪转移是指将负面情绪转化为积极的情绪,比如通过听音乐、看电影等来改变自己的情绪状态。
三、情商培训的方式与目标3.1 情商培训的方式情商培训可以采用多种方式,包括讲座、案例分析、角色扮演、团队合作等。
EQ与情绪管理
42.从宁静中安顿身心:
宁静中有宽广 宁静中有富有 宁静中可以代替平安
43.
冲突改变不了事实, 争辩吵架不能改善一切, 只有拉近双方的认知可以 改善。
44.善待自已
主说:施比受更有福,燃烧 自已照亮别人。
佛说:上天下地,唯我独尊。
18.气:
少思虑以养心气 少色欲以养肾气 常运动以养骨气 戒嗔怒以养肝气 薄滋味以养胃气 省言语以养肺气 多读书以养胆气 习吐纳以养元气
19.
污烟瘴气, 侵蚀您的健康!
20.目标不能达成的原因:
目标订定有问题(希望) 没有能力去实践(智慧) 实践心态有问题(情绪)
21.
舍不得(烦恼) 放不下(忧愁) 忘不了(痛苦)
51.快乐三宝心:
舍得无烦心(佛------空) 放下自在心(道------无) 忘了清静心(禅------定)
52.
观身观心自在, 难舍能舍大般若。
53.
怎么过一个觉悟的生活呢? 要自已承担,要随缘放旷。 要明白自已,要珍惜自已。
安全象只弓,不拉它就松,要想保安 全,常 把弓弦 绷。20. 11.1703 :26:160 3:26No v-2017 -Nov-2 0
重于泰山,轻于鸿毛。03:26:1603:26:1 603:26 Tuesday , November 17, 2020
不可麻痹大意,要防微杜渐。20.11.17 20.11.1 703:26:1603:2 6:16No vember 17, 2020
27.从(心)开始
相由心生,境随心转。 万法心生,万法心灭。
28.
”心”并没有任何自我与实体,也无 任何相状,它只是『经验心理活动』 如此而已。
EQ与情绪管理课程(PPT 58张)
3.
告別壓力---
談情緒管理與壓力調適。
4.
人終生忙碌的追求,到底想追求什麼? 一般人都會說:想擁有幸福與快樂的 人生! 但是一個人的痛苦,卻不曾停息過! 貧或富、老或少、有或無,都同樣的 受苦。 為什麼?因為沒有智慧. 。
5.人生的智慧
假如你的煩惱是 因為別人引起的,您非常可憐! 假如你的煩惱是 因為自已引起的您非常可悲!
人之所以不快樂, 就是不該得的東西想得, 不該他做的事想做。
13.
聖人無憂,因心中常醒。 凡人多夢,因心中常迷。
14.生活的三現象:
忙、茫、盲。
15.壓力症候群的症狀:
Biblioteka 精神不好 脾氣暴燥 全身無力 工作無趣 生活無味 食慾不振 性慾無趣 不易入睡 容易生病
16.
19.
污煙瘴氣, 侵蝕您的健康!
20.目標不能達成的原因:
目標訂定有問題 (希望) 沒有能力去實踐 (智慧) 實踐心態有問題 (情緒)
21.
人生失敗的影響,均來自 ”疑心與情緒”的破壞。 壓力是現代人最大的夢魘。
22.
人只要活著”無壓力狀態,永遠不 可能存在。因此我们不仿在遭到壓 力困擾時,堅決相信跟隨壓力之後, 必是令人快樂的結果,或者乾脆面 對現實, 找出真正的原因,這才是化解壓力 的最佳手段與方法。
百病煩惱起,煩惱百病生。
17.
一天笑三次,醫生不用來。 心情如果好,做事情就輕鬆。 心情如果壞,做事情就糟糕。 心情如果好,吃什麼都補。 心情如果壞,吃什麼都腹瀉。
18.氣:
情绪管理EQ
29
快樂 愛
喜悅
驚喜
•良好溝通 •幽默
•正向思考
•積極傾聽 •拒絕的藝術 •讚美
良好 EQ 特質 •良好內在修養 •均衡處世態度 •真誠待人 •積極熱忱
•且慢發作 •面對逆境 •包容 •紓解壓力 •面對心情低潮
憤怒
悲傷
恐懼
怨恨 壓力
羞恥
如何造就良好的溝通模式
平等: 你敬人一尺, 別人則會敬你一丈. 對人要 不亢不卑
土象星座 金牛, 處女, 摩羯
隱性
差
13
那些星座與情緒有關
行星
在 EQ 上所代表的意義
太陽 月亮
代表了一個人基本處理事情的優缺點. 例:太陽在水瓶的 人優點是客觀, 理性. 缺點則是對事漠不關心
個性中的陰暗面, 也就是各人情緒的本能反應, 在 EQ層 上是先經過月亮的內心情緒掙扎, 才跳到太陽
火星
情緒處理能力: 一個人如何面對其內在的情緒 的起伏並且如何管理這些情緒. 隨著時間增長 及人生歷練的增加, 情緒控制能力亦會隨之而 改善
12
星座與情緒呈現與處理
情緒呈現程度
情緒處理能力
火象星座: 牡羊, 獅子, 射手
顯性
差
風象星座 雙子, 天秤, 水瓶
隱性 佳
水象星座 巨蟹, 天蠍, 雙魚
顯性
差
重于泰山,轻于鸿毛。11:33:3311:33:3311:33Tuesday, November 17, 2020
不可麻痹大意,要防微杜渐。20.11.1720.11.1711:33:3311:33:33November 17, 2020
加强自身建设,增强个人的休养。2020年11月17日 上午11时33分20.11.1720.11.17
情绪管理(EQ
第八章情绪管理(EQ)一、何谓情绪管理?情绪智商(EQ)从英文原文 Emotional Intelligence 来看,它是一种“情绪智力”,或又译为“情绪商数”,指的是管理情绪的能力,代表一个人能否适当的处理自己的情绪,它的意义包含了“自制力、热忱、毅力、自我驱策力等”。
一个高 EQ 的人通常是情绪稳定的,不会因小事产生剧烈的波动,而且,在产生情绪反应时,能够恰当的处理自己的情绪,对事与对人能有合理的想法,同时表现出合宜的行为。
情绪管理是学佛的一部分。
佛法是生命的觉醒之道,落实在生活层面,就是身心的安定、祥和。
如果无法表现出这样的心灵品质,即使佛学知识丰富、思想玄妙,也没有实际的利益,或者只有在道场的庄严仪式、气氛中才能感受这份祥和,回到现实生活里,仍然是混乱和不安,这也是不够的。
要管理好自己的情绪,首先要对身心的运作模式有透彻的了解,然后加上细腻的调治,才可以达到身心的安定、祥和。
从EQ的研究发现,与生活各层面息息相关的“情绪智商”,指的是我们个人在情绪方面的整体管理能力。
具体说来,情商包含以下五种能力:1. 认识自己的情绪认识情绪的本质是情感智商的基石,当人们出现了某种情绪时,应该承认并认识这些情绪而不是躲避或推脱。
只有对自己的情绪有更大的把握性才能成为生活的主宰,良好的引导自己和他们,并能准确地决策某些重要的事情;反之,不了解自身真实情绪的人,必然沦为情绪的奴隶。
2. 妥善管理情绪情绪管理是指能够自我安慰,能够调控与安抚自己的情绪,使之适时、适地、适度。
这种能力具体表现在通过自我安慰和运动放松等途径,有效地摆脱焦虑、沮丧、激怒、烦恼等因失败而产生的消极情绪的侵袭,不使自己陷于情绪低潮中。
这方面能力较匮乏的人,常须与低落的情绪交战;而这方面能力高的人能够控制刺激情绪的根源,可以从人生挫折和失败中迅速跳出,重整旗鼓,迎头赶上。
3. 自我激励能够整顿情绪,让自己朝一定的目标努力,增加注意力与创造力。
《EQ与情绪管理》课件
沟通与情绪管理
情绪管理有助于改善沟通效 果,增进与他人的共情和理 解。
如何识别不同情绪
了解不同情绪的特征和体验,学会辨认自己和他人所感受到的情绪。
高兴、快乐
悲伤、失落
愤怒、恼火
了解己的情绪
情绪观察
注意和记录自己的情绪变 化,探寻情绪背后的原因。
情绪日记
写下自己每天的情绪感受, 分析和评估自己的情绪状 态。
自省与反思
进行反思性思考,了解情 绪对自己的影响以及引起 情绪的因素。
掌握自己的情绪
1 正面情绪表达
培养积极的情绪态度,学会有效地表达自己的情感。
2 情绪调节
采用积极的策略来管理情绪,例如放松技巧和情绪释放活动。
3 应对压力
掌握应对压力的方法,缓解负面情绪和压力的影响。
情绪管理的步骤
1
认知情绪
了解自己的情绪状态,辨认和识别情绪。
为什么需要情绪管理?
1 提升心理健康
情绪管理有助于减轻压力、缓解焦虑和抑郁,提高心理健康水平。
2 改善人际关系
有效的情绪管理可以增进与他人的沟通,建立良好的人际关系。
3 提升工作效率
情绪管理能够提高工作效率和团队合作,减少冲突和压力的产生。
情绪管理的好处
自我控制
良好的情绪管理能够帮助我们更好地控制情绪,避免冲动和偏激的行为。
适应力提升
有效的情绪管理能够增强我们应对压力和挑战的能力,提升适应力。
积极情绪
情绪管理可以帮助我们培养积极、乐观的情绪态度,增加幸福感。情绪管理与个来自成功的关系情商与个人成功
领导力与情绪管理
高EQ的个人更容易取得成功, 因为他们能更好地理解和管 理自己的情绪。
情绪智商高的领导者更具影 响力,能够激励团队成员并 取得卓越的业绩。
EQ情绪管理的处理能力
EQ情绪管理的处理能力情绪管理在当代社会中扮演着重要的角色。
它涉及我们如何识别、理解和调节自己以及他人的情绪。
情绪管理的处理能力,也被称为情商(EQ),已经被证明对个人的成功和幸福感有着决定性的影响。
本文将探讨EQ情绪管理的处理能力对我们的生活和人际关系的重要性,并提供一些提升情商的实用技巧。
第一部分:EQ情绪管理的重要性情绪管理的处理能力对我们的日常生活和人际关系有着重要的影响。
一个拥有高情商的个体能够更好地识别和理解自己的情绪,从而更好地应对各种挑战和压力。
此外,情商还能够帮助我们更好地理解和共情他人的情绪,从而提高沟通和人际交往的效果。
1. 自我意识:EQ情绪管理的处理能力涉及识别和理解自己的情绪。
了解自己的情绪状态可以帮助我们更好地应对压力和挑战。
例如,在工作中,当我们感到压力和焦虑时,我们可以采取积极的情绪调节策略,如深呼吸或寻找支持,以减轻不良情绪的影响。
2. 情绪调节:情商的关键要素之一是情绪调节的能力。
这包括我们如何管理和控制自己的情绪,以及如何应对他人情绪的能力。
通过情绪调节,我们能够更好地控制自己的情绪,并减少负面情绪对日常生活的影响。
此外,我们还可以通过有效的情绪调节机制来处理他人的情绪,提高人际交往的质量。
第二部分:提升情商的实用技巧提升情商的处理能力是可以学习和培养的。
以下是一些实用的技巧,可以帮助我们提高情商,加强情绪管理的处理能力。
1. 情绪识别:培养自我意识,关注自己的情绪变化。
在日常生活中,我们可以记录下自己各种情绪的体验,并学会识别不同情绪的特征和表现形式。
这样一来,我们能够更好地理解自己的情绪,并及时采取适当的调节措施。
2. 积极应对:确保我们采取积极的情绪调节策略来应对压力和挑战。
这包括学习有效的应对机制,如寻求支持、进行适当的锻炼和放松、培养积极的心态等。
通过积极应对,我们能够更好地控制自己的情绪,并保持身心的健康。
3. 同理心:培养同理心是提高情商的关键。
EQ情绪管理
25
感受身體的訊息 接納自己的情緒與感受 選擇適當的時間與場合表達情緒 清楚具體地分享及表達情緒
15
掌控自我情緒的能力
掌控思想 放鬆肢體語言 思考替換法
16
掌控思想
避免掉入破壞性思考 不以偏概全 不貼標籤 不妄自推測 不定義規則強迫別人遵行 不誇大事件的意義
17
放鬆肢體語言
3
EQ情緒管理的內涵與意義
認識自己的情緒
某種感覺一產生,就能察覺到,較能了解自己情緒的 人,較能駕馭自己的人生。
妥善管理情緒
情緒激動時能夠保持冷靜,加以自制
自我激勵
積極樂觀、建立時確目標,激勵自己、追求成就。
認知他人的情緒
覺察他人的感受和需求,具有同理心。
經營良好人際關係
善解人意,與人相處良好,建立良好的人際關系風格, 4 幫助自己成功。
(what’s wrong)
用心聆聽情緒傳達的訊息 探討情緒引發的原因
(what’s happen)
(what’s the reason)) (例:原則、價值觀或目標受到挑戰?) 引導情緒 (So What & Then…)
21
激勵情緒的技巧與方法
激勵自己的語言 支援系統的建立 一位激勵的導師 塑造激勵性的環境
12
察覺自我情緒能力-黃金之問
我現在的感覺如何? 我要什麼? 我要如何行動? 我的“詮釋”是怎樣來的? 我的“感官”告訴我什麼?
13
管理情緒的妙方-表達情緒
情緒可以得到紓解 讓別人可以更了解你 你可以更容易了解別人 建立牢固的人際關係
情绪管理
39
面对逆境: 泥土或星星
有一个美国年轻军官接到调动命令,人事令上将他调派到一 处接近沙漠边缘的基地。新婚的妻子跟着他离开都会生活前往。 该地夏天酷热难耐,风沙多且早晚温差变化大,更糟的是部 落中的印地安人都不懂英语,连日常的沟通交流都有问题。 过了几个月,妻子实在是无法忍受这样的生活,于是写了封 信给她的母亲,除了诉说生活的艰苦难熬外,信末还说她准备回 去繁华的都市生活。她的母亲回了封信跟她说:「有两个囚犯, 他们住同一间牢房,往同一个窗外看,一个看到的是泥巴,另一 个则看到星星。」 从此后她改变了生活态度,积极的走进印地安人的生活里, 学习他们的编织和烧陶,并迷上了印地安文化。她还认真的研读 许多关于星象天文的书籍,几年后出版了几本关于星星的研究书 籍,成了星象天文方面的专家。
不屈不撓 有耐力 能堅持 樂觀
目的與價值觀: --交集區域的人格 特質是不二人選
AQ
EQ
熱情 激勵他人 有信心 善于合作
學習 邏輯思考 解決問題 技術知識
IQ
9
EQ起源
1983年美国哈佛大学的心理学家霍华德· 加德纳在《精
神 状态》一书中提出,人有“多元智能”,开启了情商学 说 的新智 1991年由美国耶鲁大学心理学家彼得· 塞拉维和新罕布 什 尔大学的琼· 梅耶首创EQ(情商)一词 把情商推向高潮的,依然是美国人,在心理学界并不知 名的丹尼尔· 戈尔曼(《纽约时报》专栏作家),1995年推 出《情商》一书,一下子使“EQ”一词风行世界 1997年2月,企业管理出版社发行了我国第一本情商 书 —《情商,唤醒心中的巨人》 至1997年下半年,我国许多大城市书摊上,一下推出10 10 多部情商作品—情商开始风靡全国
课 程: E Q — 情 商 管 理 讲 师: 郝 万 琳
情绪管理
情绪管理(心理学名词)编辑锁定情绪管理,指通过研究个体和群体对自身情绪和他人情绪的认识,培养驾驭情绪的能力,并由此产生良好的管理效果。
现代工商管理教育如MBA、EMBA等均将情商及自我情绪管理视为领导力的重要组成部分。
情绪管理(Emotion Management)是指通过研究个体和群体对自身情绪和他人情绪的认识、协调、引导、情绪管理互动和控制,充分挖掘和培植个体和群体的情绪智商、培养驾驭情绪的能力,从而确保个体和群体保持良好的情绪状态,并由此产生良好的管理效果。
基本内涵编辑肖汉仕教授认为情绪管理是指用心理科学的方法有意识地调适、缓解、激发情绪,以保持适当的情绪体验与行为反应,避免或缓解不当情绪与行为反应的实践活动。
包括认知调适、合理宣泄、积极防御、理智控制、及时求助等方式。
情绪管理方法6H4AS情绪管理方法,是用以增加快乐,减少烦恼,保持合理的认知、适当的情绪、理智的意志与行为。
一方面:用智慧去打开六种快乐的资源,以便增加快乐,优化情绪。
即6H(HAPPY)1、奋斗求乐2、化有为乐3、化苦为乐4、知足常乐5、助人为乐6、自得其乐另一方面:当陷于苦恼、生气等负性情绪,出现行为冲动时,使用4AS技术来自我管理情绪,以便改变情绪A:ASK即反问,反思,S;STEP即步骤1.值得吗?自我控制!2.为什么?自我澄清!3.合理吗?自我修正!4.该怎样?自我调适!情绪管理情绪简介情绪是个体对外界刺激的主观的有意识的体验和感受,具有心理和生理反应的特征。
我们无法直接观测内在的感受,但是我们能够通过其外显的行为或生理变化来进行推断。
意识状态是情绪体验的必要条件。
情绪是身体对行为成功的可能性乃至必然性,在生理反应上的评价和体验,包括喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊七种。
行为在身体动作上表现的越强就说明其情绪越强,如喜会是手舞足蹈、怒会是咬牙切齿、忧会是茶饭不思、悲会是痛心疾首等等就是情绪在身体动作上的反应。
情绪是信心这一整体中的一部分,它与信心中的外向认知、外在意识具有协调一致性,是信心在生理上一种暂时的较剧烈的生理评价和体验。
情绪管理ppt课件
VS
家庭中的情绪管理对于维护家庭和谐至关重要。
详细描述
我们将通过案例分析,介绍一些家庭中的情绪管理技巧,如如何处理家庭成员之间的矛盾、如何保持积极的心态、如何面对家庭压力等。
总结词
社交中的情绪管理对于建立良好的人际关系和提升社交技能非常重要。
我们将通过案例分析,介绍一些社交中的情绪管理技巧,如如何处理人际冲突、如何保持自信和积极的态度、如何与他人建立良好的关系等。
情绪管理ppt课件
目录
情绪管理概述情绪的种类与特征情绪管理的方法与技巧情绪管理在生活中的应用情绪管理的挑战与对策案例分析与实践操作管理的定义是指通过一系列技巧和方法,对个体情绪进行识别、评估、调整和表达的过程。
这些技巧和方法包括认知重构、情绪调节、情绪表达等。
掌握情绪调节技巧,如深呼吸、冥想、放松训练等。
总结词
通过情绪调节技巧,可以有效地缓解紧张、焦虑等不良情绪,提高自我控制能力。
详细描述
总结词
将负面情绪转化为积极向上的力量,提升自我价值感。
详细描述
通过反思、总结经验教训、制定计划等方式,将负面情绪转化为积极向上的力量,实现自我成长和发展。
04
CHAPTER
尊重他人
愤怒是常见的情绪之一,但可以通过冷静思考、寻求冷静的方式来控制愤怒,避免冲突升级。
控制愤怒
乐观的态度可以增强自信心和幸福感,同时也可以感染他人,提高社交效果。
保持乐观
05
CHAPTER
情绪管理的挑战与对策
情绪发泄
情绪压抑
情绪投射
情绪极端化
01
02
03
04
将情绪发泄视为解决问题的方法,而不是控制和适应情绪。
总结词
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I . Document itemslist file2.Can’t open file3.Missing file4.What the files are used for?5.Rev.6.Which spec will be used?7.One film, but different requirement in another place II. Cost & special Materialminate materialminate core for single side board3.Solder mask ink material4.Other special materialIII. Board Thk & Tol1.No specified Board Thk2.Unclear meaning on board Thky-up ordery-up structureIV. Drill layer & hole1.Hole type2.Mismatched hole chart information3.Special hole with strange conductor pad4.Hole Diameter Tol5.Press fit hole6.Overlapped hole7.Too close between hole to board edge8.Hole quantity9.Hole location Tol10.Position of stamp holeV. Drawing, dimension & Tolerance1.Outline tolerance2.Mismatched dimensions3.Missing dimensions4.Inner corner size5.Asymmetry Tol6.Data of hole to edge7.Quality & side for Fiducial mark?8.Direction to arrange unit in array DWGVI. Impedance items1.Which kind of line?2.Impedance value3.Coupon line width4.Distance between holes in coupon5.Test point issueVII. Cu Thk1.PTH hole2.Buried hole & blind hole3.Surface copper ThkVIII. Conductor design1.Delete non-functional isolated pads in inner layer2.Annular ring3.Clearance issue4.Isolated line to separate different area in inner layers5.Tenting hole issue6.Line width/spacing Tol7.Strange design8.Exposed copper along board edge9.Plating Gold finger guide line10.Isolated fiducial mark11.Dummy pattern at breakaway area12.Dummy pattern at blank area in board13.Fill in the narrow spacing14.Similar issue on “Made in USA”15.LOGO position & typeIVIII. Solder mask & Legend film & other (Carbon ink & peel able mask)1.Solder mask Thk2.Plugged hole items3.Solder mask bridge4.Exposed line/pad5.Solder mask bridge between Gold Finger6.Distance between the S/M opening edge of via hole/pad and S/M opening of the top of Gold Finger7.Extra S/M opening8.Missing S/M opening for SMT pad/round padponent mark bridge10.C/M width11.Reverse legend12.LOGO increase costIX. Surface final1.No call surface treatment2.Rohs requirement3.Tighter Thk4.Feasibility of processXI. Fabrication for profile1.Rout or Punch2.V-cut3.G/F bevel4.ChamferXII. Bow & TwistXIII. X-outI . Document items1. Netlist fileQuestion 1: After comparing the customer netlist file with CAD film inputted by our CAD/CAM. Some short/open was found. see figxx.Suggestion: a)Ingore the netlist file and just follow the CAD data to do.b)Please resend the right Gerber file to us.2. Can’t open fileQuestion 2:We can’t open the file in the package (s ee figxx).Suggestion: a)Ingore it.b)Please resend it to us with other format.3. Missing fileQuestion 3: Missing files called in the Gerber file (see figxx).Suggestion: a)Ingore them.b)Please send them to us ASAP.4.What the files are used for?Question 4:we don’t know what the files called in package used for? (see figxx).Suggestion: a)Ingore them.b) Please advise.5. Rev.Question 5:The Rev of customer P/N is different between Rev A in Gerber file and Rev B in mail information? (see figxx).Suggestion: a)Follow Rev A in Gerber file to do.b)Please advise.6. Which spec will be used?Question 6: Customer don't call fabrication spec for the project.Suggestion: a)We’ll use IPC-A-600G Class 2 & IPC-6012 Class 2 to do..b) Please advise.7. One film, but different requirement in another placeQuestion 7: Customer requires print solder mask on both sides, but there is Top side solder mask film in the Gerber. .Suggestion: a)Please confirm the one S/M film will be applied to both sides.b) Just apply to Top side.II. Cost & special Materialminate materialQuestion 1: Customer requires to use xxx laminate core, but we have no this kind of material in store, it’ll take long time to order the special material and increase production cycle.Suggestion: To shorten lead-time, we propose to use xxx laminate core from xxx vendor instead of it.Question 2: Customer requires to use xxx laminate core with high Tg (>=170 degree), but we have no this kind of material on hand, it’ll take long time to order the special material and increase high cost.Suggestion: To reduce cost and shorten lead-time, we propose to use xxx laminate core with normal Tg (nominal 140 degree)from xxx vendor instead of it.2. laminate core for single side boardQuestion 3: Customer call FR-4 material for the single-side board.Suggestion: To reduce cost, we propose to use CEM-1/CEM-3 instead of it, please confirm.3. Solder mask ink materialQuestion 4: XXX solder mask ink is required in customer DWG, but we have no the material in stock, and it’ll take long time to order it and increase high cost?Suggestion: a) To reduce cost and shorten lead-time, we propose to use Green xxx ink from xxx vendor instead of it..b) Please advise.4. Other special materialQuestion 5:.For other special material, refer to above EQ to inquire customer to use common cheap material instead of it.III. Board Thk & Tol1. No specified Board ThkQuestion 1: Not specified board Thk & Tol in customer DWG & Spec..Suggestion: a)We’ll build the finished board Thk & tol as 1.6+/-0.16mm..b) Please advise.Question 2: The tolerance of board thk +/-xxx mil is called in customer DWG/Spec, but it’s very tight. If meet it, we have to order special material and increase high cost.Suggestion: a)To reduce cost, please kindly relax it to +/-10% of board Thk.b) If customer insist on it, please MKT reconsider the cost.2. Unclear meaning on board ThkQuestion 3: We can’t know whether the board Thickness xxx mil called by customer is finished or excluding soldermask?.Suggestion: a) Board Thk Xxx mil means total finished board thk..b) It just means Thk before plating (or suggest excluding solder mask).3. Lay-up orderQuestion 4: Customer doesn’t define the lay-up order.Suggestion: a)We’ll build board per the order of Art1/Art2/Art3/Art4.b) Please advise.4. Lay-up structureQuestion 5: Based on c ustomer lay-up structure, finished board Thk will be aaa mil, but bbb mil is required in DWG/spec, we can’t meet them at the same time.Suggestion: a) Follow customer lay-up to do, but finished board Thk will be aaa mil.b) Build finished board Thk bbb mil, but allow us to adjust lay-up as shown in attached figxx.IV. Drill layer & hole1. Hole typeQuestion 1: Customer doesn’t define the hole type (PTH or NPTH).Suggestion: a)We’ll build holes’ type as our suggested in Figxx.b) Please advise.2. Mismatched hole chart informationQuestion 2: Mismatched hole size between Diaxxx mil in customer hole chart and Diaxxx mil in customer DWG (see figxx & xx).Suggestion: a) Follow customer hole chart to do.b) Follow data marked in customer DWG to do.3. Special hole with strange conductor padQuestion 3: In customer hole chart, the Dia xxx mil hole is PTH hole, but there is no conductor pad at the corresponding position (see figxx)Suggestion: a)Just follow hole chart & CAD to do it PTH without annular ring..b) Do it as NPTH hole.4.Hole Diameter TolQuestion 4: Not specified the tolerance of hole diameter/slot in customer spec and DWG.Suggestion: a) We’ll build them as below:For Via holes(less than Dia 18mil): +3/-8mil;For PTH (except Via): +/-3mil; For NPTH: +/-2mil.For slot width +/-3 mil, slot length +/-4mil.b) Please advise.5. Press fit holeQuestion 5: Customer requires Press fit hole finished Diaxxx +/-xxx mil and drill bit size Diaxxx+/-xxx mil, but due to the uneven conductor design, and generally we need tocompensate about xxx mil for HAL surface final (see figxx), so we can’t meet them atthe same time.Suggestion: a) Just control finished hole diameter & tol, and ignore the requirement of drill bit size & Tol.b) If customer insist on it, we have to order special drill bit, please reconsider cost (Onlyunder the condition that customer strongly require it and it’s feasible, usually we don’traise the suggestion).6. Overlapped holeQuestion 6: Dia xxx mil hole is overlapped with another small Dia xxx mil hol e.Suggestion: a)We’ll delete the small hole.b) Please advise.<if the same size hole overlapped, don’t raise it, delete it directly><if several PTH hole’ center is very close, do it PTH slot directly><if PTH holes overlapped, but the center between adjacent two holes is bigger, tosmooth production, raise EQ to change it as slot >7. Too close between hole to board edgeQuestion 7: The distance from hole edge to board edge is very close (only xxx mil).Suggestion: a) Follow CAD to do, but after building profile, the hole will broken.b) We’ll move the hole toward unit about xxx mil to avoid broken.(or propose to change hole size; if the hole is PTH, need to consider annular ring)8. Hole quantityQuestion 8: Mismatched hole quality between xxx in customer hole chart and xxx in CAD drill layer (see fig xx).Suggestion: Follow CAD drill layer to do.9. Hole location TolQuestion 9: The position tolerance +/-xxx mil of hole position is required in customer DWG, but due to regristration deviation during drilling & D/F process, it’s very tight. (see fig xx).Suggestion: To smooth production, please kindly relax it to +/-xxx mil.<if change pnl/stack during drilling process, the reason to raise EQ is cost>10. Position of stamp holeQuestion 10: According to customer design stamp holes, it’s ver y close to conductor pattern, it’ll cause exposed GND copper/line (see fig xx).Suggestion: a) We’ll shave GND copper about xxx mil/move line about xxx mil to avoidexposed GND copper/line.b) Follow CAD to do, but exposed GND copper/line is acceptable(Note: it’ll increase cost ---- to use second drill; generally, don’t use it)V. Drawing, dimension & Tolerance1. Outline toleranceQuestion 1: Not specified outline tolerance in customer spec/DWG.Suggestion: Do it +/-5 mil.2. Mismatched dimensionsQuestion 2: Mismatched dimensions between data xxx mm marked in DWG and data XXXmm measured from CAD drill layer/ CAD outline frame. (see figxx & xx).Suggestion: a) Follow data marked in DWG to do.b) Follow data measured from CAD drill layer/CAD outline frame.3. Missing dimensionsQuestion 3: Missing some dimensions in customer DWG (see figxx).Suggestion: Follow CAD 1:1 outline DWG to do.4. Inner corner sizeQuestion 4: Not specified inner corner. (see figxx)Suggestion: a)Max R0.6mm for the inner corner in those small slots is acceptable, andR1.2mm for other inner corner.b)We’ll rout the slot to be into breakaway area half-rout bit toensure sharp corner in unit outline.<apply for different suggestion for differenbt case> (see figxx).5. Asymmetry TolQuestion 5: Customer call the dimension with asymmetry tolerance in the unitDWG, and marked unspecified tolerance +/-xxx mil for thosedimensions in array DWG. but it can’t be met at the same tiem.Suggestion: We’ll ensure the dimension with asymmetry tolerance in the unit DWG, but regard the dimensions (see figxx) as reference only.6. Data of hole to edgeQuestion 6: No call the data from hole center to board edge. (see figxx)Suggestion: We’ll do it xxx mil measured from CAD drill layer and outline frame.7. Quality & side for Fiducial mark?Question 7: We don’t know which side the fiducial marks should be add? (see figxx)Suggestion: a) Add them on both sides.b) Just on Top side.8. Direction to arrange unit in array DWGQuestion 8: The related direction of unit to array DWG doesn’t defined.Suggestion: We’ll build them as the same direction as shown in figxx.VI. Impedance items1.Which kind of line?Question 1:Customer don’t specify which kind of line is impedance line.Suggestion:Control 5 mil lines on layer #.Question2:Customer requires to control impedance value xxx Ohm for xxx mil lineon layer, but there is no such kind of line in CAD gerber.Suggestion: a) We’ll control impedance xxx Ohm for xxx mil line.b) Ignore the requirement of impedance, and follow CAD gerber to do, andensure lay-up structure & line width/spacing process allowance tolerancespecified by customer.2.Impedance valueQuestion 3:Based on the Lay-up structure specified by customer, after calculating the impedance value with the polar software, the impedance value will be xxx Ohms, but xxxOhms is required in customer DWG/spec.Suggestion:a) Follow customer lay-up, but control impedance value as xxx Ohms.b) To meet impedance value xxx Ohms called by customer, but pleaseallow us to adjust lay-up as shown in figxx.c)To meet the requirement of xxx Ohms, we have to adjust finishedconductor width from xxx mil to xxx mil.<choose suitable suggestion for different case>Question 4: Customer call xxx ohm (aaa mil line), XXXohm (bbb mil line) and AAA ohm(ccc mil line) on layerA, after base on the calculating value from polar software, we can’t meetthem at the same time.Suggestion :Just control xxx, for other line, ignore impedance requirement, but ensure the requirement of lay-up & line width/spacing defined by customer.3.Coupon line widthQuestion 5: Customer require to control impedance xxx Ohm for xxx mil line, but the line width is xxx mil in the coupon designed by customer.Suggestion: a) Change the line width in the coupon from xxx mil to xxx mil.b) Follow CAD to do, and we’’ll measure impedance value based on coupon designedby ourselves at the production board edge.4.Distance between holes in couponQuestion 6: Customer design the distance between two holes in impedance coupon is xxx mil, but our normal distance to test in our plant is xxx mil.Suggestion: a) We would like to change the distance as xxx mil used in our plant.b) Follow CAD design, bu t we’ll just measure the impedance coupon designed byourselves at the production board edge.5 Test point issueQuestion 7: Customer specified test point for xxx Ohm, but we found there is no impedance line to connect with it.Suggestion: We’ll just control xxx Ohm for the xxx mil line and measure impedance value from thecoupon designed by ourself at production board edge.VII. Cu Thk1.PTH holeQuestion 1: Min xxx mil copper t hickness in hole wall is called in DWG. But it’s tight for our plant capability.Suggestion: To smooth production, please confirm min xxx mil is acceptable.2.Buried hole & blind holeQuestion 2:Customer doesn’t call the copper t hickness for blind or buried hole:Suggestion:We propose to do 0.7mil(min) & 0.8mil(avg) when the blind hole size more than0.15mm, and 0.4mil(min) & 0.5mil(avg) when the blind hole size equal and less than0.15mm in the blind microvias; 0.5mil(min)&0.6mil(avg) in the buried holes accordingto IPC-6012 Class 2 spec.3.Surface copper ThkQuestion 3: Customer requires copper Thk xxx mil on surface, it’s very tight, due to CAD design conductor is uneven, if meet such thicker copper on surface, then the copper Thk in holewall will be about xxx mil, then can’t meet finished hole diameter at the same time.Suggestion: Please kindly accept min xxx mil on surface.VIII. Conductor design1.Delete non-functional isolated pads in inner layerQuestion1: There are some Non-functional isolated PADs in inner layerXX. It is easy to lead to short in inner layers during production process.Suggestion: In order to smooth production, we propose to delete these Non-fuctional isolated PADs, please confirm.2.Annular ringQuestion 2: For all Dia13mil holes in all layers, CAD design circuit PAD is Dia25mil, when we use small drill-bit dia0.35mm (finished hole Dia Tol will be controlas Dia13+0/-13mil), the annular ring is only 5.6mil, and there is no enoughspace in CAD design to enlarge circuit PAD. And customer spec call finishedannular ring 2.0 mil at the same time. Due to the position deviation fromdrilling process and registration accuracy during dry-film process, if meetsuch requirement, production film annular ring need 7mil on outer layer.Suggestion: a) we’ll add teardrop at the line to PAD conjunction area and ensure min 2.0 mil annular ring.But for other area, please accept max 90 degree breakout.b) Please allow change hole Diameter from +/-xxx mil to +xxx/-BBBmil, then we can usesmaller drill bit (Diaxxxmil) to ensure mininum xxx mil annular ring.(Apply to the case: choose big drill-bit per customer requirement, but can’t meet annularring. If change tolerance, then can use small drill-bit to meet annular ring).3.Clearance issueQuestion 3: CAD design copper clearance is only xxx mil, it’s easy to cause short in inner layer, we’ll shave GND copper about xxx mil to get XXX mil copper clearance to avoid short in innerlayer.Suggestion: Please confirm.4.Isolated line to separate different area in inner layersQuestion 4: CAD design different GND copper area, but one PTH hole drilled on the separated line, It’ll cause the the two isolated GND area short.Suggestion: We’ll shave GND copper about xxx mil to get 10 mil copper clearance in inner layer.5.Tenting hole issueQuestion 5: The distance from NPTH hole edge to GND/line edge is only xxx mil on outer layer, To facilitate to tent hole during D/F process, we’ll shave GND copper/move line aboutxxx mil. (tenting capability is 7 mil in plant)Suggestion: Please confirm.6.Line width/spacing TolQuestion 6:“Line width/spacing process allowance tolerance is +/-10% of master artwork” is required in customer DWG/Spec, but it’s tight for us to control.Suggestion: We’ll refer to spec IPC-A-600G Class 2 to control it as +/-20% of master artwork.7.Strange designQuestion 7: We don’t know whether the design shown in figxx (describe the details) is normal or not?Suggestion: a) Follow CAD design to do only.b) Please advise.8.Exposed copper along board edgeQuestion 8: In CAD design, conductor pad/GND copper is very near board edge (only 2 mil clearance), it will cause exposed copper after building profile.Suggestion: We’ll shave conductor pad/GND copper about xxx mil to avoid exposed copper.9.Plating Gold finger guide lineQuestion 9:“Line width/spacing process allowance tolerance is +/-10% of master artwork” is required in customer DWG/Spec, but it’s tight for us to control.Suggestion: We’ll refer to spec IPC-A-600G Class 2 to control it as +/-20% of master artwork.10.Isolated fiducial markQuestion 10: There are some isolated fiducial marks at the blank area in the unit (or at the breakaway area), it will be plated thicker copper than other area, and it’s easy to be peeledoff/damaged during production process.Suggestion: We’ll add copper ring (14 mil line width) around fiducial mark covered by solder resist. 11.Dummy pattern at breakaway areaQuestion 11: To balance lay-up structure and keep electrical current dentify even to improve plating quality, we’ll add dummy pattern at breakaway area.Suggestion: Please confirm.12.Dummy pattern at blank area in boardQuestion 12: CAD design conductor pattern is uneven, to balance lay-up structure and improve plating quality, we’ll add dummy pattern away from any pattern 100 mil at blank area in the unit.(see figxx)Suggestion: Please confirm.13.Fill in the narrow spacingQuestion 13: There are some narrow line spacing (only xxx mil) in CAD design, it’s not easy to fabricate and cause film scrip defect during D/F process.Suggestion: To smooth production, we propose to fill in them as solid.14.Similar issue on “Made in USA”Question 14: There are characters “MADE IN USA” etched in xxx film, due to the limitation of custom policy, we’ll change it as “MADE IN CHINA”.Suggestion: Please confirm.15.LOGO position & typeQuestion 15: We’ll etch our LOGO on xxx layer at the position shown in figxx.Suggestion: Please confirm.IVIII. Solder mask & Legend film & other (Carbon ink & peel able mask)1.Solder mask ThkQuestion 1: Customer requires solder mask thickness min xxx mil, but if meet it, we have to silkscreen at least twice, it’ll increase cost and lengthen production cycle.Suggestion: To reduce cost and shorten lead-time, please allowed us to change solder mask thickness from xxx mil to min 0.4 mil on the surface of conductor.2.Plugged hole itemsQuestion 2: We found there are no holes at the corresponding position shown in plugged film (see figx).Suggestion: Ignore the requirement to plug holes at these positions without holes.3.Solder mask bridgeQuestion 3: CAD design spacing between SMT pads is 6mil only, but to meet the conductor allowance tolerance, we have to enlarge SMT pad xx mil. Furthermore, to avoid solder mask encroachon SMT PAD, need at least xx mil solder resist opening bigger than SMT pad per side, thenwe just can get xx mil solder mask bridge. However, due to limitation of process, if buildthe s/m bridge, we need at least xxx mil s/m bridge.Suggestion: a) Finished SMT width xxx mil (min) is acceppable.b) We’ll delete the s/m bridge.4.Exposed line/padQuestion 4: Solder mask opening is very bigger to cause exposed line/pad (see fig x).Suggestion: We’ll shave solder mask opening about xx mil to avoid exposed line/pad.5.Solder mask bridge between Gold FingerQuestion 5: There is solder mask bridge between gold fingers (see attached file 1) in CAD design, it’s easy to be damaged/peeled off , because of solution corruption during plating Gold fingerprocess. To smooth production and improve gold finger quality, we propose to delete thesolder resist bridge.Suggestion: Please confirm.6.Distance between the S/M opening edge of via hole/pad and S/M opening of the top of Gold FingerQuestion 6: In CAD design, some via holes & PADs with S/M opening is very near to the S/M opening of Gold Finger (xxx mil), due to the need of process (It is necessary to cover gold fingerwith high temperature tape during HAL process), the distance from hole or line edge to theS/M opening edge of G/F is at least 25 mil.Suggestion: a) Follow CAD to do, but those holes & pads will be partly covered by Gold.b) Shave solder mask opening of G/F about 10 mil and allow the top of G/F to be coveredby solder resist max 10 mil.7.Extra S/M openingQuestion 7: We found some solder mask openings at the locations, where there is no corresponding circuit pads and holes (see figxx).Suggestion: We’ll follow CAD design to do, please confirm.8.Missing S/M opening for SMT pad/round padQuestion 8: No solder mask openings for some SMD pads/round pads (see figxx).Suggestion: a) Follow CAD Gerber to build.b) Add normal solder mask openings for these pads to avoid no solder resist ink on it.ponent mark bridgeQuestion 9: CAD design SMT pad spacing is xxx mil, but due to limitation of process (minimum Component mark bridge 4 mil, and we have to get minimum 6 mil spacing away fromcircuit pads to avoid component mark ink being on conductor pads), so we have no way tobuild the component bridge.Suggestion: Please kindly allow us to delete them.10.C/M widthQuestion 10: CAD design character width is only xxx mil (less than 4 mil) in component mark layer, due to limitation of process, we’ll widen it min 4 mil directly (base on component markspacing 5 mil)<not necessary to raise EQ, build board directly>11.Reverse legendQuestion 11: There are many reversed characters in CAD design.(see fig xx)Suggestion: We’ll reverse them.12.LOGO increase costQuestion 12: Customer call to silkscreen LOGO, UL marking on the Top silkscreen layer, but there is no the Top silkscreen layer. If meet it, we have to add one silkscreen film for the LOGO& UL marking, it’ll increase cost,Suggestion: a) To reduce cost, we propose to etch it at the position shown in figxx on the Top layer.b) If customer insist on it, please reconsider cost.IX. Surface final1.No call surface treatmentQuestion 1: No call manner of surface treatment..Suggestion: a) HAL. (If there is requirement of free-lead, suggest customer use Entek, Immersion Au, Immersion Ag)b) Please advise.2.Tighter ThkQuestion 2: If customer call the tighter thickness than plant capability for surface treatment, propose to relax it to plant capability.3.Feasibility of processQuestion 3: Customer call Immersion tin for surface treatment, but we have to delivery subcontractor to build it during the stage, to shorten lead-time, we want to use Immersion Ag processinstead of it.Suggestion: Please kindly confirm.Question 4: Customer required to build edge contactor with Flash gold + Gold plating, but it’s easy to peel off between two layer gold during production process.Suggestion: We would like to use Immersion Au + Gold plating instead of it.Question 5: Customer requires to silkscreen peelable mask, but surface treatment is immersion Ag (or Immersion Tin) for the project, due to limitation of plant capability, we can’t meet it at thesame time.Suggestion: We’ll ignore the requirement of silkscreen peelable mask. (we can use KANPON tape instead of it, but don’t suggest it to customer, only suggest customer to ignore the requirement)XI. Fabrication for profile1.Rout or PunchQuestion 1: Due to unit size is very small (xxx mm X xxx mm), we would like to design one up-panel DWG (see figxx).Suggestion: a) Please confirm the up-panel DWG designed by us.b) Delivery with single unit form.Question 2: Due to unit size is very small (xxx mm X xxx mm), there will be many slots in up-panel DWG (if customer agree with up-panel DWG designed by us) and production panel DWG,to shorten production cycle and reduce cost, we propose to use punching instead of routing.Suggestion: Please confirm.2.V-cutQuestion 3: To increase production efficiency and shorten lead-time, we propose to make score-line go through breakaway area.Suggestion: Please confirm.Question 4: Customer require remained thickness of v-cut 0.4+/-0.1mm, but the laminate core is FR-1/FR-2/CEM-1/CEM-3 for the project, for such laminate, the remained Thk 0.4mm iseasy to be broken.Suggestion: To avoid break, we’ll use remained Thk 0.8+/-0.15mm instead of it.3.G/F bevelQuestion 5: The Gold finger edge is near to the board edge (xxx mil), and the length of beveling is called xx mil, then there will be exposed copper after beveling process. To avoid it, wepropose to shave the bottom of G/F about xxx mil.Suggestion: Please confirm.4.ChamferRemark: 1) Due to there is chamfer in unit DWG, then sharp corner will exist, inner corner need to be considered. If the very small and punching is for profile, consider whether it can bepunched?Remark: 2) Generally, there are difference for quality & size between data marked in DWG and data measured from CAD outline frame.XII. Bow & TwistQuestion 1: Customer requires bow & twist is xxx, but due to the asymmetry lay-up (xx layers are GND layer, xx layers are signal layers; or different core thickness in the lay-up), then bow &twist will be bigger than normal lay-up.Suggestion: Propose relax it from xxx to maximum 1.0%.Question 2: Bow & twist maximum 0.75% is called in customer spec/DWG, but it’s single side project, for such project, bow & twist can’t meet such tight requirement.Suggestion: Please kindly relax it to maximum 1.5%.XIII. X-outQuestion 1: There are xx units in the up-panel for the project. To reduce cost, we want to know how many scrapped units are acceptable?Suggestion: a) 10% scrapped units are allowed. (if yes, we’ll draw “X” with color pen on both sides of the scrapped units).b) Perfect up-panel.。