第一讲：定语从句
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very important to us.
练一练！
1. Peter danced and sang all evening. People used to think Peter was quiet. Peter, who people used to think was quiet, danced and sang all evening.
他的狗当时很老了, 生病后就死了。(去掉 从句, 主句的意义仍然完整:他的狗生病死 了。)
Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed
to be very busy.
昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。
(去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整:昨天
我碰上李雷了。)
His brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college.
3. The operation was performed in a famous hospital. My grandfather’s hearing improved. The operation, which improved my
grandfather’s hearing, was
performed in a famous hospital.
2. Sharon gave me a picture for my
birthday. She had painted it
especially for me.
For my birthday, Sharon gave me a picture (which) she had painted especially for me.
3. It rained hard yesterday, ____ B prevented me from going to the park. A. that B. which C. as D. it 4. She is a teacher of much knowledge, _____ much can be learned. D A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
that/which 3. They gave up the plan _________ they worked out yesterday. which 4. They gave up the plan, _____ was a very good one.
定语从句
定义：修饰一个名词或代词的wk.baidu.com句
animals for work and in sports.
3) Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today.
c. 另外关系副词when(指时间), where (指 地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句
b. 指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用
whose(也可指物)。
1) Miss Howe, whom you met in the
library, is our new teacher.
2) The Arabs, who are famous for
their horses and camels, use these
whose daughter is in my class,
should not be going to America
next year.
8. He went on a bus tour with a
group of people. Most of them had never traveled before. He went on a bus tour with a group of people, most of whom had never travelled before.
注意:关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语
从句。 4) He lives in the city, where there is a high tower. 5) The People’s Republic of China was
founded in 1949, when he was born.
d. 介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开，
翻译成先行词的定语，“……的……”。
I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人. (如果把从句部分去掉, 整个
是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,
as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。
As一般放在句首, which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
The sun heats the earth, which is
the homeless children.
7. As far as I’m concerned, Anne
should not be going to America next year. Her daughter is in my class. As far as I’m concerned, Anne,
welcome! Ladies and gentlemen!
Finish the following sentences. who 1. He has two sons ____ work in the same place. who 2. He has two sons, ____ work in the same place.
C. where
D. there
7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of B her role in the play,____ ,of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what D 8. Do you know the reason ____ he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which
性定语从句。
6) Wu Dong, with whom I went to see
the film, enjoyed it very much.
7) Her bag, in which she put all her
books, has not been found.
3. as, which 引导非限定性定语从句
关系词 that 关 which 系 who 代 whom 词 whose as 关 when 系 where 副 why 词
指代人或物 人或物 物或主句内容 人 人 人或物 人或物或主句内容 时间 地点 原因
定语从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语或定语 主语或宾语 宾语 定语 主语或宾语 状语 状语 状语
4. When I went on a tour round China, I saw many historical sites. It was very exciting. I saw many historical sites when I went on a tour around China, which was very exciting.
句子的含义就变了)
非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去
掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常 用逗号分开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代
词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语 从句
His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died.
5. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning. Then there was a heavy fog. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning, when there was a heavy fog.
称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的
先行词后面。 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名 词或代词称为先行词。
3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系 词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等；关系副词：where, when, why等。关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替 先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。如： Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read. 分析：that I have read是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是 关系代词，代替先行词novel，在从句中作have read的宾 语。
6. Tang Ling volunteered to help the welfare house. There she teaches the homeless children. Tang Ling volunteered to help the
welfare house, where she teaches
I. Choose the best answer.
1. Alice received an invitation C from her boss, ___came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. which D. he
B 2. As ＿ announced in today's papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays. A. being B. is C. to be D. been 注意两个非限定性定语从句的引导词：as, which, which在做非限定性定语从句引导词 时有两个特点：1 which前要有逗号与前面 句子分开； 2 which引导非限定性定语从句 指的是前面整句话的内容。只要引导非限 定性定语从句 as 和 which 都指一句话内容， 区别在于which只能放在它所指那句话的后 面，而as可以在前面也可以在后面。
他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有
其他的哥哥)
His brother, who is now a lawyer, always
encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥，现在是律师，总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有
一个哥哥)
Tips
非限制性定语从句中的一些注意事项： a. 非限制性定语从句中, 指物时, 用which而 不用that。 1) Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 2) All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.
5. China has many rivers, ____the C Changjiang River is the longest. A. which
C. among which
B. in which
D. one of which
6.A. Pisa is a city, ___ has a leaning A tower. B. Pisa is a city, ____there is a C leaning tower. A. which B. that
练一练！
1. Peter danced and sang all evening. People used to think Peter was quiet. Peter, who people used to think was quiet, danced and sang all evening.
他的狗当时很老了, 生病后就死了。(去掉 从句, 主句的意义仍然完整:他的狗生病死 了。)
Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed
to be very busy.
昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。
(去掉从句, 主句的意义仍然完整:昨天
我碰上李雷了。)
His brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college.
3. The operation was performed in a famous hospital. My grandfather’s hearing improved. The operation, which improved my
grandfather’s hearing, was
performed in a famous hospital.
2. Sharon gave me a picture for my
birthday. She had painted it
especially for me.
For my birthday, Sharon gave me a picture (which) she had painted especially for me.
3. It rained hard yesterday, ____ B prevented me from going to the park. A. that B. which C. as D. it 4. She is a teacher of much knowledge, _____ much can be learned. D A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom
that/which 3. They gave up the plan _________ they worked out yesterday. which 4. They gave up the plan, _____ was a very good one.
定语从句
定义：修饰一个名词或代词的wk.baidu.com句
animals for work and in sports.
3) Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today.
c. 另外关系副词when(指时间), where (指 地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句
b. 指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用
whose(也可指物)。
1) Miss Howe, whom you met in the
library, is our new teacher.
2) The Arabs, who are famous for
their horses and camels, use these
whose daughter is in my class,
should not be going to America
next year.
8. He went on a bus tour with a
group of people. Most of them had never traveled before. He went on a bus tour with a group of people, most of whom had never travelled before.
注意:关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语
从句。 4) He lives in the city, where there is a high tower. 5) The People’s Republic of China was
founded in 1949, when he was born.
d. 介词加关系代词也可以引导非限定
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开，
翻译成先行词的定语，“……的……”。
I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我们办公室唯一被邀请的人. (如果把从句部分去掉, 整个
是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,
as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。
As一般放在句首, which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
The sun heats the earth, which is
the homeless children.
7. As far as I’m concerned, Anne
should not be going to America next year. Her daughter is in my class. As far as I’m concerned, Anne,
welcome! Ladies and gentlemen!
Finish the following sentences. who 1. He has two sons ____ work in the same place. who 2. He has two sons, ____ work in the same place.
C. where
D. there
7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of B her role in the play,____ ,of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what D 8. Do you know the reason ____ he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for which
性定语从句。
6) Wu Dong, with whom I went to see
the film, enjoyed it very much.
7) Her bag, in which she put all her
books, has not been found.
3. as, which 引导非限定性定语从句
关系词 that 关 which 系 who 代 whom 词 whose as 关 when 系 where 副 why 词
指代人或物 人或物 物或主句内容 人 人 人或物 人或物或主句内容 时间 地点 原因
定语从句中充当的成分 主语、宾语、表语 主语、宾语或定语 主语或宾语 宾语 定语 主语或宾语 状语 状语 状语
4. When I went on a tour round China, I saw many historical sites. It was very exciting. I saw many historical sites when I went on a tour around China, which was very exciting.
句子的含义就变了)
非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去
掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常 用逗号分开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代
词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语 从句
His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died.
5. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning. Then there was a heavy fog. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning, when there was a heavy fog.
称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的
先行词后面。 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名 词或代词称为先行词。
3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系 词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等；关系副词：where, when, why等。关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替 先行词；在定语从句中充当一个成分。如： Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read. 分析：that I have read是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是 关系代词，代替先行词novel，在从句中作have read的宾 语。
6. Tang Ling volunteered to help the welfare house. There she teaches the homeless children. Tang Ling volunteered to help the
welfare house, where she teaches
I. Choose the best answer.
1. Alice received an invitation C from her boss, ___came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. which D. he
B 2. As ＿ announced in today's papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays. A. being B. is C. to be D. been 注意两个非限定性定语从句的引导词：as, which, which在做非限定性定语从句引导词 时有两个特点：1 which前要有逗号与前面 句子分开； 2 which引导非限定性定语从句 指的是前面整句话的内容。只要引导非限 定性定语从句 as 和 which 都指一句话内容， 区别在于which只能放在它所指那句话的后 面，而as可以在前面也可以在后面。
他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有
其他的哥哥)
His brother, who is now a lawyer, always
encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥，现在是律师，总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有
一个哥哥)
Tips
非限制性定语从句中的一些注意事项： a. 非限制性定语从句中, 指物时, 用which而 不用that。 1) Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 2) All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.
5. China has many rivers, ____the C Changjiang River is the longest. A. which
C. among which
B. in which
D. one of which
6.A. Pisa is a city, ___ has a leaning A tower. B. Pisa is a city, ____there is a C leaning tower. A. which B. that