第一次课定语从句

第一讲：高一语法专题

---------定语从句

【教学目标】

考点1：关系代词（重点）

考点2：关系副词（难点）

考点3：介词+关系代词（重点）

考点4：非限制性定语从句（难点）

【教学过程】

一、检查与测试

(1)阅读下面的句子并翻译。

God helps those who help themselves.

He who laughs last laughs best.

Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.

(2)回答问题。

Q1：什么是定语从句？

A：定语从句也称为形容词性从句，它在句子中修饰名词或代词，起形容词的作用。

Q2：定语从句中的先行词指什么？A：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。

Q3：引导词在定语从句中起什么作用？A：连接先行词和定语从句。

Q4：你学过哪些定语从句的引导词？A：that, which, who, whom, whose,where, when, why.

(3) 改错题。

1.He told us about the countries where he had visited.

2.Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.

3.The days when we spent together cannot be easily forgotten.

4.The house stands at the place that the two roads meet.

5.We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.

6.He left me the book, that is very useful for me.

7.This is the room which food is kept.

8. April 15, 1976 is the day when we’ll never forget.

二、考点突破

考点1：关系代词

1．

400-0909-011(转1)

2. 引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that，而不能用which 的情况：

a. 当先行词被时。如：

There is nothing (that) I can say about it.

b.先行词为时。如：

This is the best basketball match that I have ever seen.

c.先行词被修饰时。如：

The only thing that we can do is to ask our teachers’ help.

Is this the very museum that you visited the other day?

d.先行词为修饰时。如：

The first English film that I saw was “Oliver Twist”.

When foreigners talk about China, the first that comes to mind is the Great Wall.

e.被修饰的先行词被等修饰时。如：

I am interested in all that you have told me.

There isn’t much that I can do.

He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes.

f.先行词时。例如：

They talked about the factories and workers that they had visited.

g.先行词是时。如：

Which is the book that he bought yesterday?

Who that you have ever seen can beat him in the game?

【配套例题1】

（1）There are many teachers _____ I want to visit in that school.

（2）This factory will not take anyone____ eyesight is weak.

（3）This is the last time___ I’ll give you a piece of advice.

（4）The doctor _________ the manager is talking to is going to Europe next year.

（5）We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.

考点2：关系副词关系副词where, when, why 可以用来引导定语从句。

这些副词实际上代表介词+关系代词，在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式等状语。

400-0909-011(转1)

1.Do you remember the tea house where we used to play chess? (where/ at which)

There was a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema. (when/ during which)

The days are gone when he was an ignorant boy. (when/ in which)

They didn’t explain the reason why they had cancele d the rehearsal. (why/ for which)

2.注意：有些先行词后面既可以用关系代词，也可以用关系副词。判断的重点在于分析先行词在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。

以the city 为例

(1) This is the city that/which I visited last year.

(2) This is the city where I lived last year.

3. 具体的地点名词后可以接where 从句，但其他如等表示“情况，方面”的名词也同样加where 从句，这种用法源于“in this case, at this point, in this situation, under the condition”等短语，例：

There are many cases where this rule does not hold good.

He had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy.

I will show you the point where you fail.

He left his hometown in 2002 since when he has never come back.

注意：先行词为occasion，且需要用关系副词时，需选用when，而非where，因为occasion 表示和时间有关的“场合”的意思。

【配套例题2】

用适当的关系代词和关系副词填空

1.The house ____________ lies in the back of our classroom is the teachers’ office.

2.The house___________ door faces north is our teachers’ office.

3.I always remember the days __________are my family’s birthday.

4.I always remember the days __________I lived with my grandparents.

5.Xiamen ____________ lies in the south east of China is a beautiful city.

6.Xiamen ____________we live is a beautiful city.

7.Xiamen _____________ many foreigners come to visit is a beautiful city.

8.This is the reason______________ caused me late for school today.

9.I quite agree with the reason_____________ you told me.

10.I don’t b elieve the reason ____________ you were late this morning.

考点3、介词+关系代词

在定语从句中，介词+关系代词结构是一种较为复杂的问题。

a.介词+which 在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when, where 和why。