高考_重点词汇辨析

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专升本常见词汇辨析总结

常见动词辨析：

1.击，打：hit, beat, defeat, strike

单词含义例句

hit打中或对准某一点打( 一次击打 )hit sb. on the head

beat连续的敲击The rainingis beating against the

widow.

defeat打败某人或集体 (强调结果 )We defeated the enemy.

strike用木棒石头等打；打动（抽象意义）I was struck by her beauty.

2. 穿： dress, put on, wear, have on

单词含义例句

dress dress sb.+in ； be dressed in She was dressed in red.

put on穿上，强调动作Put on your coat when you go out.

wear穿着，带着，强调状态He seldom wears a watch.

佩戴首饰、眼镜等

have on强调状态，一般不用现在分词和被He always has dark glasses on.

动语态

3.适合：suit, match, fit

单词含义

suit花色、款式适合，或与气质、

身材等相称

match搭配合适，性质相符

fit fit尺寸、大小、形状合适

4.花费：take, spend, cost, pay

单词含义

take It takes sb.+time+to do sth.

某事需要⋯时间例句

This dress doesn't suit me. Have you got another style?

The color of the shirt doesn’t match that of the tie.

The key doesn ’t fit the lock.

例句

做It took me 15 minutes to finish this

job.

spend Sb.spend(s)+time/money+(in)I spent 15 minutes doing this work.

doing sth.

cost sth. cost(s) +sb.+money 某物花费This book cost me 8 dollars.

了某人⋯钱

pay pay sb. pay(s) +money+forsth.I paid 8 dollars for this book.

5. 参加 : attend, join, join in, take part in, enter for

单词含义例句

attend参加婚礼、会议、上课、听报告等attend a meeting

join=become a member of加入某个团join the students’ union

....

体或组织

join in参加某项活动

take part in参加群众性活动，强调在该项活动

中发挥了一定作用

enter for报名参加某项比赛或考试

6.毁坏：damage/destroy/ruin

单词含义

damage价值、用途降低或外表损坏destroy彻底毁坏，很难修复

ruin逐渐毁掉，常含比喻的隐含意义

7.发现：find, find out, discover, invent

单词含义

find侧重发现的结果

find out经过研究或询问查明某事或真相discover偶然或经过努力发现原来存在但

不为人所知的事物

invent运用智慧发明新事物

join in the discussion take part in take

part insocial activities

enter for the race

例句

My house was damaged in the heavy rain. The big fire destroyed the little town. My breakfast was ruined by what you

said.

例句

He finally found his key.

I will find out what happened.

The scientists can discover more secrets of the universe.

Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.

8. 改变： change, alter, vary, turn

单词含义例句

change翻天覆地大变化，变得与原物完全不同I have changed my mind.

alter局部的、外表的变化，本质不变This dress need altering a little.

vary一系列变化，强调种类多样，连续变化Customs vary with the times.

turn变成，强调变化的结果In this cartoon fairy tale, a prince

turns into a frog.

9 得到 : achieve, acquire, gain, obtain

单词含义例句

achieve由于努力，克服困难后达到目标Achieve one ’s goal

acquire经过努力获得的知识、技术等抽象acquire a bad habit

东西，或养成习惯等

gain通过竞争或战争，历尽艰幸获得有No pains, no gains.

价值的东西

obtain通过乞求或长时间付出代价得到渴obtain employment

望的东西

10. 要求： request, require, demand

单词含义例句

reques有礼貌的请求；正式的请求Many people requested another song.

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