名词性从句精讲精练

Grammar(1) 名词性从句

在复合句中起到名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的词有：连词that，whether，if；连接代词和连接副词what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why，how等。

名词性从句可以表示两方面：一个事实，一个问题。问题又分两方面即一般问句和特殊问句，请看下图：

一、主语从句就是做主语的从句。它由that 和其他疑问词引导。

1．That they are rich is true, isn't it? (that 不能省略)

2．Where he got it is unknown to us.

3．They lost their way in the woods, and what made matters worse was that night began to fall.

4．Whoever said that was wrong.

5．______ ______ _______ ______ _______ ______ ______ (地球围绕太阳转) is a truth.

6．_______ _______ _______ (任何努力学习的人) will pass the exam.

7．______ ____ _____ ______(我所告诉你的) just now was what had been written in the letter.

8．_______ ______ _________ _____ _______ _____ _____ ____( 我是接受礼物还是拒绝它)is none of your business.

有时用it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句移到后面。其句型有：

a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句

It is necessary/important that… 有必要/重要的是……

It is obvious that… 很明显……

b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句

It is believed that…人们相信……

It is known to all that…从所周知……

It has been decided that…已决定……

c. It + be +名词+ that-从句

It is common knowledge that………是常识

It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that…事实是……

d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句

It a ppears that…似乎……

It happens that…碰巧……

It occurred to me that…我突然想起……

9. 他没有想到Jack能够把这道题目做出来。It didn’t occur to him ____________________..

10. 真奇怪你这样说。It is strange _________________________________________.

11. 我们打电话时她刚巧不在。It happens ___________________________________.

12. 他好象很害怕。It seemed _________________________________________.

13. 英语正被接受为国际的语言，这是事实。It is a fact ______________________________.

14. 他不能按时完成工作有关系吗？Does it matter _________________________________ .

二、表语从句是放在系动词后的名词性从句。

15. That is how he did it. He looks as if he were tired.

16. The problem remains that we can't get so many recorders.

17. China is no longer what it used to be.

18. Shenzhen is not ________it was 10 years ago.

The point is ____ we will have our sports meet next week. (A. that B. what C. whether)

19. He got his highest marks in the exam. It was all _____ he had worked hard. (A. why B. because)

20. Go and get your coat. It is ___ you left it. (A. there B. there where C. where)

21. The reason _________________(他为何失败) is ________ he was too careless.

22.______________ (问题是) that we haven't collected enough money for the concert.

23. Cigarettes contain nicotine. That is __________________________(抽烟者所需要的).

24.My question is ________________________(你是否已决定了) (可用if吗)

25. This is _________________________________________(Mr. Smith 曾经工作过的地方)

三、宾语从句作动词或介词的宾语。

26．Do you know _____ ____ ______ (何时何地) the first car factory ____ ______ (工厂建立)?

27．____ ____ ____ ____ (你认为谁) is the best one in your class?

28．He always _______ ________(考虑) ________he can _______ ______ ________( 他怎样才能提高他的英语水平).

29．You can write about ____________(无论什么) topic you like.

30．He made ___quite clear _______ he wouldn't change his mind.

31．You may choose _______ _______ _______ _______(从剩下的东西中).

32．I don't doubt ________ my friend John will come to China soon.

33．I doubt __________ he will come or not.

34．I don't think _____ true that he came to the concert yesterday.

35．I think he is a dishonest man, _________(反义疑问句)?

注：(1) 主句的谓语是make, find , see, hear等，而且带有复合宾语时，可把宾语从句放在宾补之后，用it 作形式宾语。

(2) 某些adj. 如sure, happy, glad, certain等，以及一些非谓语动词之后可带宾从。

(3) 主句的谓语动词如果是现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语动词可以不受限制.主句的谓语动词如果

是过去时,则宾语从句的谓语动词通常必须用过去的各种时态,这叫时态的一致性.

但有两种情况不受事态一致性的约束,即宾语从句中有具体的时间或讲述的内容是真理、客观事实。

36. She told her pupils that the earth is round. (不用was)

四、同位语从句跟在名词的后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容。可带同位语从句的名词是一些可加进具体内容的表示信息，思想等概念的名词，如fact, news, idea, promise, truth, story等。

注：同位语从句与前面的名词是等同关系。连接词有that 和其它疑问词，that 在句中不做成分，不能省略。

Translate the underlined section into Chinese:

37. The news that our team has won encourages us.

38. I made a promise that if anyone set me free, I would make him very rich.

39. They are trying to reduce the patient's fear that he would die of the disease.

40. Word came that our volleyball team beat the Japanese team.