必修三Unit4 语法
必修三 Unit 4 Space Exploration 语法知识+读后续写-筑基讲义
必修三Unit 4 Space ExplorationPart 1 单元语法讲义--动词不定式作定语和状语一、动词不定式的基本概念1）不定式的各种形式2）非谓语动词的句法功能：二、动词不定式作定语不定式作定语，通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。
(1)表示将来的动作时，根据需要不定式可用主动或被动形式。
His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.他下个月将要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为依据写的。
I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.我借了一些假期读的书。
(2 )表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰，如：chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right,attempt, plan, evidence等，常表同位关系。
Do you have the ability to read and write in English?你有用英语读和写的能力吗？(3)名词或代词由序数词或最高级修饰，再被非谓语修饰时，一般用不定式作定语，表主谓关系。
She is always the first student to come and the last to leave.(主谓关系)她总是第一个来最后一个走的学生。
(4)在表示有要做的事情时，通常用不定式作定语，不定式与被修饰词之间为被动关系。
—Do you have anything to be typed, sir?—No, thanks.——先生，你有东西要打印吗？——没有，谢谢。
I have a lot of work to do.我有许多活要干。
名师点津：若不定式中的动词是不及物动词，则要在该动词后加适当的介词。
宾语从句、定语从句复习
高中英语必修三Unit4课文和语法知识【知识精讲】1.system n.系统，体系，制度the solar system太阳系；a railway system 铁路系统；a social system 社会制度；a security system安保系统a heating system供热系统systematic adj.有系统的；有条理的(1)Too much drinking does harm to the system.(2)The solar system is mainly made up of the sun and the 8 planets.(3)This weekend I’m going to install a home security system.(4)The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.(5)How many of you think the educational system is working?(6)The school offered a systematic course in reading.2.theory n.学说；论说；理论，原理；意见，看法in theory 理论上；原则上Malthusian theory 马尔萨斯学说，马尔萨斯人口论scientific theory 科学理论theory of gravity 万有引力理论(1)There are many theories about the origin of life.(2)Your plan sounds fine in theory.(3)She has a theory that drinking milk prevents colds.(4)Not in theory. But in practice?(5)Every boy and girl had a theory (七嘴八舌)about the nature of that book.(6)Many scientists accept the theory that the universe is growing larger.3. in time及时，终于，迟早on time 准时，按时at a time 一次，每次at one time 曾经；一度；同时at times 有时，偶尔at no time 决不in no time马上；立刻(1)The doctor came in time to save his life.(2)You will realize the mistakes made by you in time.(3)I saved my bacon(save one’s bacon救某人的命) by arriving just in time for the meeting.(4)Although he is a good student, he is late for class at times.(5)You borrowed money; you didn’t return it on time.(6)He checked them off one at a time as they came in.(7)At no time should you give up studying.(8)In no time he will come back.4.atmosphere n.空气；大气层；大气圈;气氛；氛围；环境；atmospheric adj.大气的；大气层的；令人激动的词语辨析：atmosphere指地球或其他天体的气体或大气层；air指环绕在地球周围并且人和动物能呼吸的空气或大气层。
09必修三Unit4语法语法不定式作定语和状语
09 必修三Unit 4 语法：语法精讲精练不定式作定语和状语一、动词不定式的形式动词不定式的形式是to＋原形动词。
在某些情况下to可省略。
1. 动词不定式作定语常表示将来的动作。
The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important.将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。
The airport to be pleted next year will help promote tourism in this area.明年将要完工的机场将有助于促进这一地区旅游业的发展。
His wish to have a TV set of his own will e true.她想拥有一台自己的电视的希望将会变成现实。
2. 动词不定式(短语)作定语时，一般情况下会将其置于所修饰词的后面，并且与被修饰的词之间构成一定的逻辑关系。
(1)主谓关系被修饰词是动词不定式动作的发出者。
此时被修饰词通常由only, very, next, last，序数词或者形容词的最高级修饰。
The future to greet us will be very bright.迎接我们的未来会十分美好。
He’s always the first person of the team to put the solution to the problem.他总是团队里第一个提出问题的解决方案的人。
(2)动宾关系被修饰词是动词不定式动作的承受者。
此时需要注意，如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，其后应接必要的介词。
The teacher left us a lot of problems to solve.老师给我们留了许多道题去解答。
He can find no one to make friends with.他找不到可交朋友的人。
Mr Brown has something important to deal with at present.目前布朗先生有重要的事情要处理。
高中英语 人教版必修三第四单元语法：主语从句
Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars主语从句（The Subject Clause）（一）主语从句概念：在复合句中充当主语的句子，叫做主语从句。
句子结构：“主语从句（引导词+主语+谓语..）+谓语动词+句子其它...”What he said is of great importance .他所说的很重要。
That prices will go up is certain .物价要上涨是肯定的。
（二）主语从句引导词：连词that（无词义），,whether（是否）连接代词who/ who（谁）, whose（谁的）,what（...的事）,which (哪一个）连接副词when（什么时候）,where（哪里）,how（如何/怎么）,why （为什么）（1）that引导主语从句，本身无词义，在从句中不做成分，但不可省略。
eg That Tom passed the exam made hisparents happy .汤姆通过（2）whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”，在从句中不做成分，不可省略，位于句首时不能用if 。
Whether we ‘ll go camping tomorrow dependson the weather.明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。
（3）what引导主语从句，意为“...的事，”在从句中做主语、宾语、表语，不可省略。
What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation .（what 在从句作主语）去太空旅行所需要的就是仔细的准备。
What they want is a good book.（what 在从句作宾语）他们想要的就是一本好书。
（4）其它特殊疑问词引导的主语从句：注意特殊疑问词引导的主语从句要用陈述语序。
Who will do it doesn’t matter.谁要做这件事没关系。
Unit4 现在完成进行时【2019人教版高中英语选择性必修三Unit4 语法知识】
Unit4 现在完成进行时【2019人教版高中英语选择性必修三】Unit4 Adversity and Courage现在完成进行时是英语中动词的一种基本时态,其基本形式为:助动词(have/has ) + been +动词的现在分词(延续性动词)。
该时态表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去,强调动作的持续和进行。
常与allday/week/month, all this morning, all these years,“for+时间段”等时间状语连用。
①表示从过去开始而最近刚刚结束的动作。
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.安很累。
她一直在努力工作。
②表示从过去开始现在仍在进行的动作。
It has been raining for two hours.已经下了两个小时的雨了。
(现在还在下)③现在完成时强调动作的结果和影响,而现在完成进行时强调动作的持续和进行。
Tom's hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.汤姆的手很脏。
他一直在修车。
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.这辆车现在又可以行驶了。
汤姆已经把它修好了。
④有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。
They have been living in this city for ten years.( = They have lived in this city for ten years.)他们已经在这个城市住了10年了。
(动作还将继续下去)⑤大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
I have been writing a book.我一直在写一本书。
(动作还将继续下去) I havewritten a book.我已经写了一本书。
新人教高中英语必修三Unit4 Space Exploration单元语法讲解及试题
Unit4 Space Exploration重点1动词不定式作定语教材原句①... on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.······1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
（不定式短语to enter space作定语，修饰the first person）［P40］②However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了很多悲伤和沮丧，但对探索宇宙的渴望没有消失。
（不定式短语to explore the universe 作后置定语，修饰desire）［P41］不定式作定语一般情况下置于所修饰词的后面，并且与被修饰的词之间构成一定的逻辑关系。
①主谓关系被修饰词是不定式动作的发出者。
He's always the first person of the team to put forward the solution to the problem.他总是团队里第一个提出问题的解决方案的人。
2动宾关系被修饰词是不定式动作的承受者。
She looked for some interesting novels to read.她找了一些有趣的小说来读。
特别注意当“不及物动词的不定式＋介词”作定语时，该短语与其所修饰的词之间为动宾关系，此处的介词不可省略。
He can find no one to talk with.他找不到可以交谈的人。
③部分抽象名词后常接不定式作后置定语。
同步语法新人教版必修三Unit4：动词不定式作定语和状语
同步语法新人教版必修三Unit4：动词不定式作定语和状语必修一Welcome Unit：句子成分和基本句型必修一Unit 1：名词 / 形容词 / 副词短语必修一Unit 2：现在进行时表将来等必修一Unit 3：反意疑问句必修一Unit 4：限制性定语从句必修一Unit 5："关系副词"及“介词+关系代词”必修二Unit 1：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句必修二Unit 2：现在进行时的被动语态必修二Unit 3：现在完成时的被动语态必修二Unit 4：过去分词作定语和宾补必修二Unit 5：过去分词作表语和状语必修三Unit 1：动词-ing形式作定语和表语必修三Unit 2：动词-ing形式作状语和宾补必修三Unit 3：省略必修三Unit 4：动词不定式作定语和状语动词不定式作定语和状语【巩固练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空1.The airport ________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.2.The best way __________ (improve) your English is to join an English club.3.Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream________（explore）space.4.—The last one________（ arrive ）pays themeal. —Agreed!5.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ________（go） into space.6.With the world changing fast, we have something new________（deal ）with all by ourselves every day.7.A group of young people got together ________（ discuss） this question.8.First of all, you must be intelligent enough________（ get） a related college degree.9.He got up late and hurried to his office,________（leave）the breakfast untouched.10.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only______ （ find）it didn’t fit.11.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad ______(find) them alive.12.The question was very difficult ________（answer）.13.The box is light enough ________（ carry）.14._________(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times. 15.________(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.【参考答案】1. to be completed2. to improve3. to explore4. toarrive5. to go6. to deal7. to discuss8. to get 9 . leaving 10. to find 11. to find 12. to answer 13. to carry 14. To work out 15. To learn。
英语必修三unit4 Grammar主语从句
1． 引导主语从句的连接词有三类： ． 引导主语从句的连接词有三类： (1) 连词 连词that、 whether ： 、
Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. That price will go up is certain.
4. It’s known to us all ___ a form of energy . ’ A. water is C. is water B. that water is D. that water to
5. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when
主语从句： 主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分
1). That he will succeed is certain . 2). Whether he will go there is not known . 3) How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.
6.What I say and think ___ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have
3.___ is known to us all is that America is a developed country____the First World. a.Which; belong to c. What; belonging to b. As, belonged to d. It; belonging to
必修三Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures动词不定式做定语和状语
特别提醒
作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式
动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
例：1. The Browns have a comfortable house to live in. 2. Here is some paper for you to write on.
典例精析
2. The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. 将在会议上讨论的那个问题非常重要。
(2)不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词， 且与中心词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。
典例精析
例：1. He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。
2. Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. 妇女和儿童是第一批上救生艇的人。
(3) 不 定 式 用 来 修 饰 抽 象 名 词 ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse等。
典例精析
例：1. The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。
解析：中心词被序数词the first修饰，且get与中心词之间为逻辑 上的主谓关系，用不定式作定语。
外研选择性必修第三册Unit4 单元语法详解课件
a. There is something wrong with the machine. b. Everything is perfect now.
※ 非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语, 请观察以下句子
a. Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. b. His jewellery was lost at the party ten years ago.
※ 以 s 结尾的词表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主 语, 请观察以下句子
a. Physics is difficult to study.
b. The United States is a superpower .
c. “The New York Times” is published every day .
※ 表示时间、距离、金钱、等复数名词作主语,表达一个整体概 念 时, 请观察以下句子
a. Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. b. Ten thousand dollars is a large sum of money. c. 60 tons of water is enough.
a. Collecting stamps is what he likes. b. To see is to believe.(= Seeing is believing.)
眼见为实
c. What he did was praised.
※单数名词、抽象名词、物质名词作主语，请观察以下句子
2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit4语法篇(教师版)
2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy: the science of the stars语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________要求学生掌握本单元的重点语法---名词性从句中的主语从句一、主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。
1.that引导That he is still alive is a wonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。
That we shall be late is certain.我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。
That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。
That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。
That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。
That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time.你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。
That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。
2.whether引导Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。
新人教高中英语必修3 Unit 4 Space Exploration 知识点归纳单词、短语、语法
Unit 4 Space Exploration 知识点精讲一、词汇精讲1. determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的教材原句However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现他们探索太空的梦想。
常用搭配：be determined to do sth决心做某事（表状态）联想词：①determine vt．查明；确定；决定determine on/upon (doing) sth决定（做）某事determine to do sth决定做某事（表动作）e.g. He determined to start early. =He determined on an early start. =He determined on starting early．他决定早点出发。
e.g. I left, determined never to come back again．我离开了，下定决心再也不回来了。
(作状语时，只能用determined)②determination n.决心联想拓展“决定／决心做某事”的其他表达decide to do sth, make a decision to do sth, make up one's mind to do sth。
2. launch vt．& n.发射；发起；上市教材原句On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.1957年10月4日，苏联发射的人造卫星“旅伴一号”成功绕地飞行。
e.g. Our marketing people have come up with a great idea for the launch of the new model．我们的营销人员为新型号的上市想出了一个好主意。
06选择性必修三Unit4语法语法现在完成进行时
06 选择性必修三Unit 4语法：语法精讲精练现在完成进行时一、现在完成进行时复习：I.概念现在完成进行时表示动作或状态从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能还要继续进行下去。
II.结构1. 肯定形式：have/has＋been doing(2021·全国乙卷)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece.从古希腊时代起，人们就开始涌入体育场。
2. 否定形式：have/has＋not＋been doingHe hasn’t been using the car for the last two months.在过去的两个月里他一直没用这辆车。
III.基本用法1. 表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直持续到说话之时，可能还会继续下去。
通常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点(或从句)”的时间状语连用。
e.g. ①It has been snowing for three hours.雪已经下了三个小时。
(从过去某一时间开始下雪，强调到现在还在下)①It has been raining for two hours.雨已经下了两个小时了。
(现在还在下)①Jack has been feeling very well recently.杰克最近身体一直很好。
(这个状态还要延续)2. 表示刚刚结束的动作或状态。
这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。
e.g. ①—Sorry! I’m late. How long have you been waiting for me?—We have been waiting for you for half an hour.——很抱歉，我迟到了。
你们等了多长时间了？——我们已经等了你半个小时了。
①Tom has been seeing about a work permit for you.汤姆一直在想办法给你弄一个工作许可证。
人教版高中英语必修三unit4语法(9张PPT)
*__It_i_s_r_e_p_o_r_t_e_d_t_h_a_t___(据报
道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.
*_I_ti_s_s_u_g__g_e_s_t_e_d_t_h_a_t_____(建
议)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreex
e注rc意is3e：. 主语为从句时，谓语动词一般要用单数形 式；但如果what引导的从句做主语，并且代表复 数概念（常可从表语上看出），则谓语动词常用 复数形式
Whatweneed___i_s____water.我们所需要的是水。 Whatweneed________usefulbooks.我们所需要 的是一些有用的书a。re
高中英语课件
madeofcanruohanxing
SubjectClauses 主语从句
1.主语从句概念 主语从句就是从句在主句中作主语的名词性从句。
2.ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引导主语从句的
关联词):
从属连词 that,whether,（注意if不 (不作成分） 能引导）
连接代词 wቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱat,who,which,whom, （作成分） whose,wh+ever
连接副词 （作状语） when,where,how,why
3.主语从句注意事项
注意1：that在从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子 成分，且本身无实际意义。
whether在从句中起连接作用，不充当句子成分， 不能用if代替.
It’sapity/ashame//afact/goodnews/nowonder/ acommonknowledge…that…(遗憾的是/事实是/ 好消息//难怪/众所周知）
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
live well, love lots, and laugh often.1自研课导学1. 背诵记忆情态动词的用法（早自习20分钟）2. 练习情态动词题（晚自习40分钟）【自学指导】In this period students will be first helped by the teacher to discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions, and then to discover and understand the noun clauses(The Subject Clause).【展示课导学】Learning aims ：Understand the Subject Clause and identify “it ” as Subject and the Stress Sentence.Important points and Difficult points :Learn to use the Subject Clause.Learning procedures:一、定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。
引导主语从句的连接词有： 连词that, whether ；连接代词who, what 和which ；连接副词when, where, how 和why.二、引导主语从句的词及其在句中的功能1．连接词that 和whether/if(1)that 引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不能省略。
Eg. That the big earthquake had killed many people frightened people all over the world. 大地震使很多人丧生令世界震惊。
(2)whether/if 引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，起连接作用，但有自己的意义，也不可省略。
Eg. Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.我们乘火车还是乘船没差别。
注：whether 引导的主语从句，如果用了形式主语it ，引导词随堂笔记whether可以换成if。
如果whether从句在句首或后面直接跟有or not 时，不能用if替换。
Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided.＝It is not decided yet whether/if they will sell the house.(2012〃山东高考)It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A．how B．whetherC．what D．why2. 连接代词有：who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever等。
连接代词引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
Eg. Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.无论你在业余时间做什么都不应该伤害其他人。
Who will take his place is not important. 谁将代替他并不重要。
(2012〃新课标全国卷)It is by no means clear ________ the president can do to end the strike.A．how B．whichC．that D．what3. 连接副词有when, where, how, why等。
连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。
Eg. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been decided.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有决定。
When we will have a meeting is an important question.我们何时举行会议是一个重要的问题。
Why John was late for the class has been unexplained.约翰为什么上课迟到还没有说明。
三、主语从句与形式主语it1．It be＋名词词组＋主语从句常用于这种句型的名词有：a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a wonder, no wonder等。
2．It be＋形容词/过去分词＋主语从句It is obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店的经理在等李方离开。
It’s suggested that the old man (should) go to the countryside to have a2live well, love lots, and laugh often.rest. 建议这位老人到乡村去休息一下。
3．It＋不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, etc.)＋主语从句It happened to me that I had been away when he called.他打电话时，我正好不在家。
4．It＋及物动词＋宾语＋that从句It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.她的头发在变白，这让她有点担心。
(2012·江西高考)It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.A．whether B．whereC．which D．that(2011·陕西高考)It was never clear________the manhadn’t reported the accident sooner.A．that B．howC．when D．why“日清过关”巩固提升三级达标训练题基础题.用适当的连接词填空1．They lost their way in the forest and ________ made matters worst was ________ night began to fall.2．It is said ________ Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month.3．________ Yang Liwei ate his food in space is ________ we want to know.4．________ there’ll be any seats left is doubtful.5．________ of you comes in will be given a prize.6．________ he didn’t come yesterday is unknown.7．________ cars will be parked in the future is a question.8．________ will be sent to help them is very important.9．It’s no surprise ________ our team should have won the game. 10．It doesn’t interest me ________ you succeed or not.发展题1. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____Ithought was a dangerous speed. (2004 上海春38)3live well, love lots, and laugh often.A. asB. whichC. whatD. That2. _______in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.（2005 上海-38）A. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires3. ____ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. WheneverB. IfC. WhetherD. That4. ________he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A. WhatB. ThatC.WhichD. Whether5. ________ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town.A. BecauseB. ThatC. /D. What6. It doesn’t matter________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.A．whether B．howC．if D．when7．________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.(2013·天津，15)A．That B．WhichC．Whether D．What8．________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A．Who B. The oneC．Anyone D. Whoever9．It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.A．as B．which C．whether D．that 10．________ is a fact that Chinese is being accepted by more and more foreigners.A．There B．This4live well, love lots, and laugh often.C．That D．It课后总结_______________________________________________5live well, love lots, and laugh often.。