全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration必考知识点归纳
四川省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration重点知识归纳
四川省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration重点知识归纳单选题1、Parents ______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. A．contributeB．payC．linkD．attach答案：D考查动词词义辨析。
句意：家长们认为教育非常重要。
他们将尽全力去给他们的孩子们这个无价的礼物。
A.contribute贡献；B.pay付款；C.link联系；D.attach把…附加上。
attach importance to sth表“重视某事”,为固定短语。
故选A项。
2、If something is ________, it is easy to harm, damage, or break.A．vividB．delicateC．distinctD．giant答案：B考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：如果某个东西很脆弱，它很容易被伤害、损坏或断裂。
A. vivid生动的，逼真的；B. delicate易损的，易碎的，脆弱的；C. distinct清楚的，截然不同的；D. giant巨大的，伟大的。
设空处在句中作表语，根据后文的“it is easy to harm, damage, or break”可知delicate意为“易损的，易碎的，脆弱的”符合语意。
故选B。
3、With many things________, I have to stop surfing the Internet.A．deal withB．to deal withC．dealt withD．to dealing with答案：B考查非谓语动词。
句意：有很多事情要做，我不能再上网了。
句中have to stop为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识点题库
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识点题库单选题1、China is fully capable to supply the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines; in other words, China has a/an ________ raw material supply. A．optionalB．vitalC．instantD．sufficient答案：D考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：中国完全有能力提供生产COVID-19疫苗所需的原材料；换句话说，中国有充足的原料供应。
A. optional可选择的；选修的；B. vital至关重要的；必不可少的；C. instant立刻的；马上的；D. sufficient足够的；充足的。
根据前文“China is fully capable to supply the raw materials needed to produce COVID-19 vaccines(中国完全有能力提供生产新冠肺炎疫苗所需的原材料)”语境可知，中国在新冠疫苗原材料方面原料充足。
故选D项。
2、Thousands of soldiers are working to ________ food and blankets to the victims. A．diagnoseB．distributeC．dismissD．transform答案：B考查动词词义辨析。
句意：数千名士兵正在为灾民分发食物和毯子。
A. diagnose诊断； B.distribute分发； C.dismiss解散； D.transform转换。
根据句意“给灾民食物和毯子”可知，士兵们在“分发”这些东西，故选B。
3、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n) ________ for doing nothing. A．argumentB．resourceC．performanceD．authority答案：A考查名词词义辨析。
人教版(2023)必修第三册Unit4 Space Exploration Reading and
人教版（2023）必修第三册Unit4 Space Exploration Reading and Thinking课件(共22张PPT，内镶嵌视频)(共22张PPT)Unit 4 SPACE EXPLORATIONReading and Thinkingastronautspace suitspace walkspacespacecraftBrain Stormsatelliteorbitsolar systemBrain StormSpace: the Final FrontierPredict● What does “final frontier” meanA. the border between two countriesB. the area that is unknown andunexploredSpace: the Final FrontierPredictLook at the title and pictures.What do you want to know from the textAlthough scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.The future of space exploration remains bright.After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.CDBAReadGovernment，political system;The reform and opening-up policy ;Scientists , talents , astronaut;......18,April,2022In the futureRead & Writeshare China's achievements in space explorationwith a topic sentence and linking words.Remember to polish your passage.after, afterwards,over eight years later, next, then, followed by, more recently...enduring extreme hardships特别能吃苦the spirit of spaceflight载人航天精神being competent特别能战斗be effective against barrier特别能奉献dedicated特别能攻关ReviewSpace: the Final Frontierlinking wordsmain ideathe spirit of spaceflightHomeworkA:Polish your writingB: draw a mindmap about human's space exploration in time order using linking words.C:make a speech on your understanding of the spirit of spaceflight。
新人教高中英语必修三Unit4 Space Exploration单元语法讲解及试题
Unit4 Space Exploration重点1动词不定式作定语教材原句①... on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.······1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
（不定式短语to enter space作定语，修饰the first person）［P40］②However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了很多悲伤和沮丧，但对探索宇宙的渴望没有消失。
（不定式短语to explore the universe 作后置定语，修饰desire）［P41］不定式作定语一般情况下置于所修饰词的后面，并且与被修饰的词之间构成一定的逻辑关系。
①主谓关系被修饰词是不定式动作的发出者。
He's always the first person of the team to put forward the solution to the problem.他总是团队里第一个提出问题的解决方案的人。
2动宾关系被修饰词是不定式动作的承受者。
She looked for some interesting novels to read.她找了一些有趣的小说来读。
特别注意当“不及物动词的不定式＋介词”作定语时，该短语与其所修饰的词之间为动宾关系，此处的介词不可省略。
He can find no one to talk with.他找不到可以交谈的人。
③部分抽象名词后常接不定式作后置定语。
新高考 高中英语 复习试卷讲义 必修第三册 Unit 4 Space Exploration
必修第三册Unit 4Space Exploration高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解ADespite Kyle Tianshi being only a 15-year-old US high schooler，he has published five sci-fi novels.His fifth book E v entide was released in July.However，this may not be his most impressive achievement as Kyle just received the “Hero Award”，a $20,000 grand prize.It is the top honor in the California Youth Sustainability Awards.The competition aims to encourage and support young community leaders who are making a difference for sustainability in their communities by taking action for the planet.Kyle，a sophomore from the Cambridge School in the US，received the honor for his portable invention called NEREID.The device can detect microscopic particles(粒子) in water by using a laser and microscope.These particles can be harmful to people and the environment.Kyle came up with the idea for the invention based on his experience growing up in San Diego，California，the US.People had no access to unpolluted drinking water and his parents asked him not to drink tap water.Kyle spent about $60 buying the tools needed to analyze the tap water：a laser，a microscope and a micro-computer.“It’s incredibly powerful for the price，”Kyle said.Then he used their family’s garage as his laboratory，doing research on the pollution of drinking water caused by micro-plastics.Kyle hopes to bring to market a low-cost alternative tool for detecting micro-plastic pollution levels in drinking water.In this way，he can offer help to people who don’t have access to water filtration(过滤) systems.He has applied for a patent.Kyle said his sister Emily，a freshman at Stanford University，inspired his interest in environmental research.She was recognized nationally for developing a water collection device.They have founded the Clearwater Innovation program to advocate for clean water through social media platforms and organize community cleanup events.1．What do we know about Kyle?A．He is good at adapting sci-fi works.B．He entered many novel contests.C．He received an award for his invention.D．He’s found microscopic particles in water.答案 C解析细节理解题。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration经典大题例题
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration经典大题例题单选题1、There is talk of raising the admission requirements ________ the number of students on campus. A．restrictingB．to restrictingC．to restrictD．restricted答案：C考查非谓语动词。
句意：有传言说要提高入学要求以限制在校学生的数量。
结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式表目的，即提高入学要求的目的是限制学生数量。
故选C。
2、Movies of course need impressive images, so why has Alice in Wonderland only ________ movies best described as “interesting”.A．resulted fromB．resulted inC．as a resultD．as a result of答案：B考查固定短语辨析。
句意：电影当然需要令人印象深刻的形象，那么为什么《爱丽丝梦游仙境》最终只是最好被描述为“有趣”的电影？A. resulted from由于；B. resulted in导致，结果是；C. as a result结果；D. as a result of作为……的结果。
结合空前的助动词has可知，空处需填过去分词和has构成现在完成时，排除C项和D项；根据“movies best described as “interesting””可知，此处表示最终结果是被描述为“有趣”的电影。
故选B。
3、Each one of us are highly recommended to ________ oil and gas by taking advantage of the renewable energy sou rces.A．dismissB．concentrateC．possessD．conserve答案：D考查动词词义辨析。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration基础知识题库
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration基础知识题库单选题1、We think _______ no use ________ with him.A．it; arguingB．it; to argueC．that; arguingD．that; to argue答案：A考查it用法和固定句型。
句意：我们认为和他争辩没有用。
分析句子可知，第一空用it作形式宾语，结合宾语补足语no use可知，第二空用动名词形式作真正的宾语，it’s no use doing sth是固定句型。
故选A项。
2、On that fateful day, medical teams swarmed into the city from all directions to help the locals fight the formidable battle at full ________.A．gushB．stretchC．spillD．leap答案：B考查名词。
句意：在那命运攸关的一天，医疗队从四面八方涌入该市，帮助当地人全力抗击这场可怕的战斗。
A.gush涌出；迸出；B.stretch伸开、伸展；C.spill洒出；D.leap跳跃。
根据上句“medical teams swarmed into the city from all directions（医疗队从四面八方涌入这座城市）”可知是帮助当地人全力抗击这场可怕的战斗，at full stretch为固定短语，意为“全力以赴”。
故选B。
3、Angela Merkel started a non profit program ______ classroom activities, field trips and community projects ______ b udding (崭露头角的) scientists.A．offering; to inspireB．offering; inspiringC．to offer; to inspireD．to offer; inspiring答案：A考查非谓语动词。
广东省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration全部重要知识点
广东省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration全部重要知识点单选题1、He never complains about the difficulties he has in life. ________, he always has ways to overcome them. A．HoweverB．OtherwiseC．InsteadD．Therefore答案：C考查副词词义辨析。
句意：他从不抱怨生活中的困难。
相反，他总是有办法克服它们。
A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Instead相反；D. Therefore因此。
根据句中complains和overcome可知，此处表达的是“相反”关系。
故选C。
2、Mary is looking for a sports watch ______ her keep track of her fitness and chart her training progress. A．helpedB．having helpedC．helpD．to help答案：D考查非谓语动词。
句意：玛丽正在找一块运动手表来帮助她跟踪自己的健康状况，记录她的训练进度。
根据句子结构分析可知，此空为非谓语动词，表示目的，故用不定式，故选D。
3、Apple’s Pixar Animation Studio was the first ________ that computer animation could be used ________ stories. A．having shown…tellingB．to have shown…tellingC．having shown…to tellD．to show…to tell答案：D考查动词不定式。
句意：苹果公司的皮克斯动画工作室是第一个展示电脑动画可以用来讲故事的公司。
分析句子可知，第一空应用动词不定式作定语，the first to do sth.第一个做某事；第二空表示“被用来做某事”，用固定短语be used to do sth.，动词不定式作目的状语。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration考点大全笔记
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration考点大全笔记单选题1、Studies show that people who socialize ________live longer than loners. Interact daily with family members and frie nds.A．ideallyB．comparativelyC．additionallyD．regularly答案：D考查副词词义辨析。
句意：研究表明，经常参加社交活动的人比孤独的人寿命更长。
每天要与家人和朋友互动。
A.ideally理想地；paratively相对的；C.additionally此外；D.regularly经常。
根据句中的than可知，“孤独的人”相对的应该是经常和别人社交的人。
故选D项。
2、The branch of olive is the ________ of peace.A．symbolB．signC．signalD．mark答案：A考查名词词义辨析。
句意：橄榄枝是和平的象征。
A. symbol象征；B. sign招牌，迹象；C. signal信号；D. mark 符号，记号。
结合常识可知，橄榄枝是和平的象征，symbol符合题意。
故选A。
3、Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, ________ to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.A．has been desiringB．desiredC．had desiredD．have desired答案：A考查动词时态。
句意：自上月以来，乔治就和他以前的同班同学一直希望在今年暑假举办一个毕业20年的同学聚会。
根据时间状语since last month，可知谓语动词应用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时，且这个想法是一直存在的，还可能继续下去，故可用现在完成进行时，其结构为：助动词（have/has）+been+动词的现在分词。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration解题方法技巧
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration解题方法技巧单选题1、—I think the environment is terrible these years.—Yes, it will be even worse________ the government takes action ________ it.A．until; protectB．unless; to protectC．if; protectingD．unless; protecting答案：B考查条件状语从句和非谓语动词。
句意：——我认为这些年的环境很糟糕。
——是的，除非政府采取行动保护它，否则情况会更糟。
分析句子可知，句子为条件状语从句，空格一处单词引导从句，根据句意可知，应用“unless”引导从句，意为“除非，如果不”；从句中有谓语动词“takes”，故空格二处应用非谓语动词，保护环境是采取行动的目的，故应用动词不定式“to protect”作目的状语。
故选B项。
2、His first attempt ______ failure, which made him a little disappointed.A．picked upB．resulted inC．broke downD．put on答案：B考查动词短语词义辨析。
句意：他的第一次尝试失败了，这使他有点失望。
A. picked up捡起；B. resulted in导致、终于(失败)；C. broke down分解；D. put on上演。
结合failure可知，他的第一次尝试最终失败了，故选B 项。
3、—Could you lend me some of your paper？—Sorry. Mine is ________.A．using upB．running outC．running throughD．giving out答案：B考查动词短语辨析。
四川省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration高频考点知识梳理
四川省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration高频考点知识梳理单选题1、From the Tokyo Olympics to the 14th National Games, outstanding performances from China's athletes show the country's drive for a sports powerhouse in________ and innovation. A．expectationB．passionC．mysteryD．imagination答案：B考查名词词义辨析。
句意：从东京奥运会到第十四届全运会，中国运动员的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神。
A.expectation期待；B.passion激情；C.mystery谜；D.imagination想象力。
根据“show the country's drive for a sports powerhouse in________ and innovation”可知，句子表示“中国运动员的出色表现展现了中国体育强国的激情和创新精神”，因此空格处意为“激情”，是passion，故选B。
2、There is talk of raising the admission requirements ________ the number of students on campus. A．restrictingB．to restrictingC．to restrictD．restricted答案：C考查非谓语动词。
句意：有传言说要提高入学要求以限制在校学生的数量。
结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式表目的，即提高入学要求的目的是限制学生数量。
故选C。
3、Everyone is waiting for the announcement of the result, which is a(n) ______ moment for the winner. A．absorbedB．averageC．independentD．dramatic答案：D考查形容词词义辨析。
Unit+4+Space+Exploration+重点单词晨背材料 清单 高中英语人教版必修第三册
高一英语必修三Unit4 展背材料第一组:1. Astronauts had to do a lot of mental and physical training航天员要做大量的心理和体能训练。
2.You must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree你必须足够聪明来获得相关的大学学位。
3. she refused his offer with determination, determined not to let anyone determine her fate你必须足够聪明来获得相关的大学学位。
她坚决地拒绝了他的提议，决心不让任何人决定她的命运。
4. They launched a campaign to raise money for a new hospital 他们为新建一所医院开展了一场筹款运动。
5. The disappointing news that he failed the exam made him very disappointed . But that didn't disappoint his parents and they didn't consider it a disappointment他考试不及格这一令人失望的消息使他非常沮丧。
但那并没有让他的父母失望,他们也不认为这是令人扫兴的事。
6. They all desired that the matter (should) be discussed further 他们一致希望进一步商讨此事。
7. We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions尽管条件极其艰苦，我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。
8. He is financially independent of his parents but still asks for their advice在经济上他已经自立，可他仍然征求父母的意见。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration常考点
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration常考点单选题1、Lindsay wanted ________ a chance to improve her spoken English.A．there wasB．there to beC．there beingD．there is答案：B考查there be非限定形式。
句意：Lindsay想要一个提高口语的机会。
want to do 想要做某事，用there to be形式作宾语，故选B。
2、_____, the train started.A．The signal givenB．Giving the signalC．The signal being givenD．The signal giving答案：A考查独立主格结构。
句意：信号发出后，火车开动了。
分析可知，空处为独立主格结构，其结构形式为“逻辑主语+非谓语动词”，做时间状语，signal和give之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。
故选A项。
3、Lucy rushed to the school, only that it was Saturday.A．findingB．foundC．to findD．having found答案：C考查不定式作状语。
句意：露西匆忙赶去学校，却发现是周六。
本句为only to do 作结果状语，表示出乎意料的的结果，故选C。
小提示：不定式和现在分词作结果状语。
现在分词作结果状语时一般只能单独使用，通常位于句末，前有逗号隔开。
有时为了突出结果，可在现在分词前加副词thus，意为“因而，因此”。
往往表示正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的结果。
例句：①Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wh eat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.②By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000,making it the largest city in the USA.动词不定式单独作结果状语，通常表示偶然的、出乎意料的结果，有时为了强调这种意外的结果，可在不定式前加only, 意为“却…，只…”，在这种情况下，不定式的逻辑主语也可能是全句的主语。
广东省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识点归纳总结(精华版
广东省部分中学2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识点归纳总结(精华版)单选题1、The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, ________ the Gaofen 3C radar satellite was launched on April 7, 2022, lies in n orthwestern China’s Gobi Desert.A．from whichB．of whichC．to whichD．on which答案：A考查定语从句。
句意：2022年4月7日，高分3C雷达卫星从酒泉卫星发射中心发射，该发射中心位于中国西北部戈壁沙漠。
分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center，指物，根据定语从句的意思可知，高分3C雷达卫星是从酒泉卫星发射中心发射的，所以可以用“介词from which”的结构，which指代the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center。
故选A。
2、Through a long period of professional training, he was well ______ for the job. A．worthwhileB．qualifiedC．challengeableD．limited答案：B考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：经过长期的专业训练，他完全有资格担任这项工作。
worthwhile“值得的”；qualified“具备…的知识（或技能）；符合资格”；challengeable“挑战性的”；limited“有限的”，由“Through a long period of professional training”可推断，经过训练他已经完全具备了这项工作要求的知识和技能。
be qualified for“有……的资格，适于担任……”。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration考点总结
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration考点总结单选题1、Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n) ________ for doing nothing.A．argumentB．resourceC．performanceD．authority答案：A考查名词词义辨析。
句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。
A.argument理由； B.resource资源；C. performance表演；D. authority当权者。
根据“for doing nothing. ”可知，不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。
故选A项。
小提示：2、You’ll never speak English well________you often practice it.A．unlessB．ifC．orD．otherwise答案：A考查连词词义辨析。
句意：除非你经常练习，否则你永远讲不好英语。
A. unless除非； B. if如果；C. or或者；D. otherwise否则。
根据“You’ll never speak English well”可知这里意思是除非你经常练习，否则你永远讲不好英语。
故选A。
3、Walk along this road for 100 meters ________ you’ll see the hospital.A．orB．otherwiseC．andD．or else答案：C考查连词词义辨析。
句意：沿着这条街走100米，然后你就会看到医院。
A. or或者；B. otherwise否则；C. and然后、和；D. or else否则。
“祈使句+and/or+简单句”为固定句型，此处应填and表示“然后”。
故选C项。
4、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the ______ for watching television, which makes TV a decor ation of the house.A．analysisB．appetiteC．incidentD．appreciation答案：B考查名词词义辨析。
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识汇总大全
全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知识汇总大全单选题1、These products received good customer response, ______ in 4% comparable store sales growth in November. A．resultedB．to resultC．resultingD．having resulted答案：C考查非谓语动词。
句意：这些产品获得了良好的客户响应，使得11月份销售额增长了4%。
result in“导致，结果是”，为固定短语；句中一有个谓语动词received，且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词作状语；表示自然的结果，应用现在分词；此处不表动作的完成，故排除D。
故选C。
2、Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her ________ in discovering a new cure for malaria (疟疾). A．differenceB．decisionC．procedureD．achievement答案：D考查名词词义辨析。
句意：屠呦呦因发现治疗疟疾的新方法这一成就被授予诺贝尔奖。
A. difference不同；B. decision决定；C. procedure步骤；D. achievement成就。
结合语意，屠呦呦发现治疗疟疾的新方法是她取得的成就，所以空处应用achievement，表示“成就”。
故选D项。
3、On windy days, we had to hold down the paper on the desk, which would ________ be blown away. A．insteadB．otherwiseC．nonethelessD．even答案：B考查副词词义辨析。
句意：刮风的时候，我们必须把纸压在桌子上，否则纸会被吹走。
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全国通用2023高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration必考知识点归纳单选题1、The Clear Your Plate Campaign urges people________ food by not wasting anything on the dining table. A．savingB．to saveC．to have savedD．having saved答案：B考查非谓语动词。
句意：“清理你的盘子”运动敦促人们通过不浪费餐桌上的任何东西来节约食物。
固定搭配urge sb. to do sth.译为“敦促某人做某事”。
故选B。
2、Although the fan is somewhat limited in its applications, it is easy to operate and ________ it is fun.A．above allB．in the endC．as a resultD．before long答案：A考查短语词义辨析。
句意：虽然这款风扇在应用上有一定的局限性，但它操作简单，最重要的是它很有趣。
A. above all首先，最重要的是；B. in the end最后；C. as a result结果；D. before long不久以后。
根据“Although the fan is somewhat limited in its applications,”可知，这款风扇虽然有局限性，但操作简单，最重要的是很有趣。
故选A。
3、I am disappointed at hearing the bad news, so I am in no________ today to go to the movies with you. A．mindB．urgeC．moodD．desire答案：C考查名词。
句意：听到坏消息我很失望，所以今天没有心情和你一起全看电影。
A. mind头脑，智慧；B. urge冲动；C. mood心情；D. desire欲望。
根据“disappointed(失望的)”可知，说话者并不想去看电影。
in no mood是固定短语，意为“没有心情”，故选C项。
4、The handful of foreign coins is often not _______ to buy much from the duty-free shop. A．exceptionalB．sufficientC．fascinatedD．complicated答案：B考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：少量的外币往往不足以从免税商店购买很多。
A. exceptional例外的； B. sufficient 足够的；C. fascinated着迷的； D. complicated复杂的。
根据空前not及句中“buy much from the duty-free shop”可知，外币不足以买许多的东西，故选B。
5、Physically challenged as Jack was, he didn’t himself to his fate. A．resignB．preserveC．devoteD．attach答案：A考查动词词义辨析。
句意：杰克虽然身体有缺陷，但他没有听天由命。
A. resign辞职，放弃；B. preserve保护；C. devote贡献，把……专注于；D. attach重视。
根据“didn’t”和“his fate”可知，此处表示没有听天由命，resign oneself to为固定短语，意为“听任”。
故选A。
6、Lindsay wanted ________ a chance to improve her spoken English.A．there wasB．there to beC．there beingD．there is答案：B考查there be非限定形式。
句意：Lindsay想要一个提高口语的机会。
want to do 想要做某事，用there to be形式作宾语，故选B。
7、With a strong _________ for English study, we threw ourselves into reading English novels. A．desireB．argumentC．reputationD．responsibility答案：A考查名词词义辨析。
句意：带着对英语学习的强烈愿望，我们全身心投入到阅读英语小说中。
A. desire愿望；B. argument争论；C. reputation名声；D. responsibility责任。
结合“we threw ourselves into reading English novels”可知，我们对英语学习有强烈的愿望。
故选A项。
8、Lucy rushed to the school, only that it was Saturday.A．findingB．foundC．to findD．having found答案：C考查不定式作状语。
句意：露西匆忙赶去学校，却发现是周六。
本句为only to do 作结果状语，表示出乎意料的的结果，故选C。
小提示：不定式和现在分词作结果状语。
现在分词作结果状语时一般只能单独使用，通常位于句末，前有逗号隔开。
有时为了突出结果，可在现在分词前加副词thus，意为“因而，因此”。
往往表示正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的结果。
例句：①Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.②By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000,making it the largest city in the USA.动词不定式单独作结果状语，通常表示偶然的、出乎意料的结果，有时为了强调这种意外的结果，可在不定式前加only, 意为“却…，只…”，在这种情况下，不定式的逻辑主语也可能是全句的主语。
例句：①After two days we finally arrived at the small village, only to be told that the old man had passed away.②Yesterday a beggar bought a lottery ticket, to make him a millionaire overnight.本题为出乎意料的结果，故用不定式作结果状语。
9、—Ms Griffin, what should we do__________stupid mistakes in the coming exams?—Be more careful.A．avoid makeB．avoiding makingC．avoid makingD．to avoid making答案：D考查非谓语动词。
句意：——Griffin老师，我们应该做些什么来避免在即将到来的考试中犯愚蠢的错误呢？——更加谨慎。
分析句子可知已有谓语动词should do，avoid作非谓语，根据句意可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，avoid后接动名词作宾语，故选D。
10、Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are truly struggling. ________ simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. A．WithoutB．BeyondC．UponD．Among答案：C考查介词词义辨析。
句意：普鲁伊特试图把他的捐款给那些真正陷入困境的家庭。
在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理他们自己的自行车的机会。
A. Without没有；B. Beyond超过、超出；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在……中间。
结合后文“sim ply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”应用介词upon。
故选C。
11、If something is ________, it is easy to harm, damage, or break.A．vividB．delicateC．distinctD．giant答案：B考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：如果某个东西很脆弱，它很容易被伤害、损坏或断裂。
A. vivid生动的，逼真的；B. delicate易损的，易碎的，脆弱的；C. distinct清楚的，截然不同的；D. giant巨大的，伟大的。
设空处在句中作表语，根据后文的“it is easy to harm, damage, or break”可知delicate意为“易损的，易碎的，脆弱的”符合语意。
故选B。
12、Studies show that people who socialize ________live longer than loners. Interact daily with family members and frie nds.A．ideallyB．comparativelyC．additionallyD．regularly答案：D考查副词词义辨析。
句意：研究表明，经常参加社交活动的人比孤独的人寿命更长。
每天要与家人和朋友互动。
A.ideally理想地；paratively相对的；C.additionally此外；D.regularly经常。
根据句中的than可知，“孤独的人”相对的应该是经常和别人社交的人。
故选D项。
13、She was greatly surprised when her brother ________ at the door, whom she hadn’t seen for years.A．popped upB．carried onC．set outD．turned over答案：A考查动词短语词义辨析。
句意：当她哥哥突然出现在门口时，她感到非常惊讶，她已经多年没见到他了。