definition翻译中文

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Definition of Translation

内容题材
文学翻译 literary translation 实用翻译/非文学翻译
pragmatic translation /Non-Literary translation
处理方式
全译摘译节译缩译编译

Definition of Translation
WEEK 2
Definition of Translation
把已说出或写出的话的意思用另一张言语表达出来的活动。 ----《中国大百科全书. 语言文字卷》翻译是两个语言社会之间的交际过程和交际工具，它的目的是要促进本语言社会的政治、经济和文化进步，它的任务时要把原作中包含的现实世界的逻辑映像或艺术映像，完好无损地从一种语言译注到另一种语言中去。 ---- 张今
Definition of Translation
A translation is taken to be any target language utterance with is presented or regarded as such within the target culture, on whatever grounds. ---- Gideon Toury
Definition of Translation
Translating is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way the author intended the text. ----Peter Newmark Translation is an art that involves the recreation of a work in another language for readers with a different background. ---- Malcolm Cowley

Altium_Designer中英文词汇翻译

[检索词汇] altium designer 中英文技术词汇对照PCB AD常用术语翻译对译protel 单词AD9中的英文词汇对照翻译Accept 接受Accuracy 精确度准确度Activate 激活活动启动Add 添加Address 地址Advance 高级Aide 助手辅助Align 排列对齐Alpha 开端Analog 模拟的Analyzer 分析器测定仪&analysis分析Angle 角度观点Annotate 注解&annotator注释者Aperture 孔径光圈Application 应用程序Approximation 接近近似值&approach接近Arc 圆弧弧度Architecture 结构体构造Array 阵列数组Ascend 登高上升Assembly 集合装配Associate 关联的辅助的Asynchronous 异步的&chronous同步的Automatical 自动的Access 存取通道接近Action 行动作用Active 积极的活泼的Adder 加法器Administration 管理员管理器Aggressor 干扰源入侵者&Aggress攻击侵略Alias 别名化名混淆Allow 允许Always 总是永远Analysis 分析研究Animation 动画Any 任意的Applicable 可应用的适用的Apply 应用Arbiter 仲裁器bus arbiter总线仲裁器Architect 设计者制造者Area 面积范围Arrange 安排排列调整Arrow 箭形箭头Assembler 装配器汇编Assign 分配分派指定assign a value分配一个值赋值Astable 非稳态的多谐振荡的Attempt 尝试Available 有效的有用的Backup 备用Bar 标签Base 基极基础基地Batch 批处理批量Begin 开始创建Behavior 行为举止态度Bell 铃钟Between 两者之间Bidir 允许双向unidir单向Bidirectional 双向性Bill 清单Binary 二进制二元的Bistable 双稳bistable unit 双稳态部件Bit 位Bitmap 位图&button bitmap键盘键位图Black 黑色黑色的Blind 盲孔Blip 标志信号&collision blip碰撞标志Block 框栏隔阻&title block标题栏Board 板子牌子委员会Body 物体主干主体Boolean 布尔值Border 边线border set边缘集Bottom 底部Bounce 反弹抖动Breakpoint 中断点断点Broken 破裂的损坏的Browse 浏览browse through浏览Buffer 缓冲器&screen buffer屏幕缓冲Build 构建Bullet 锥形体子弹Bury 埋藏Bus 总线Butterfly 蝶形Button 按钮Bypass 省略Byte 字节Cable 电缆Calculation 计算估计CAM(computer aided manufacturing)计算机辅助制造Cancel 作废删除Capacitor 电容Caption 标题Capture 捕获收集记录Case 实情案例Category 类目范畴部属Cathode 阴极Center 中心Centimeter 厘米Chain 链Change 改变Channel 通道Charge 充电指责指示Check 检测Chart 制成图表Child 子女Chip 集成芯片Circuit 电路Circular 圆环弧形Class 阶层等级Cleanup 清扫工作Clear 清除清零Clearance 清除余地间隙Click 单击点击Clipboard 剪切板Clock 时钟Close 关闭结束Closure 关闭闭幕Code 编码代码Collector 集电极Color 彩色着色Colour 颜色Column 圆柱纵列栏目Combination 组合Comma 逗号Command 命令Comparator 比较器Community 社区群落Compilation 编辑物Compatible 兼容的和谐的Component 元器件组成成分Compile 编辑收集汇编Computer 计算机Composite 合成的复合的综合的Condition 条件Concurrent 并发事件同行Configure 配置Confidence 置信度自信信赖Conflict 冲突Confirm 确认证实Connector 连接端Connectivity 连线Constraint 约束限制因素Console 主控台表盘托架Consumer 用户使用者Construction 构造Continue 继续延伸Contract 缩短Control 控制Convert 转化转变Coordinate 坐标Copper 铜Copy 拷贝复制Core 核Cord 绳线索Corner 角落拐角Corporation 公司企业法人Counter 计数器Courtyard 天井庭院Create 创建Cross 十字符号混合Crosspoint 插入测试点Crosstalk 串扰CRTCrystal 晶体Current 电流当前的流行的Cursor 光标游标指示器Custom 惯例Customer 用户客户Cutout 切出划出挖空Cycle 周期Comment 注释发表评论说明书Dashed 下划线Data 数字数据Databse 数据库资料库Date 日期Daughtrer 子系子插件派生Debug 排错调试Dead 死的Decimal 十进制小数Decade 十进制十年Default 默认值缺省值弃权Decoder 译码器Definition 定义式限定分辨率Define 定义下定义Delay 延时Degree 度等级Demo 演绎演示版Delete 删除Demote 降级降低Deny 否认Description 描述Designator 标识指示者Designer 设计师Destination 目标目的Detail 细节零件Device 装置设备图样器件Diagram 示意图Dialog 对话Diagonal 对角线Difference 差异查分差额Diamond 菱形钻石Digital 数字的Different 不同的Dimension 尺度Dim 朦胧暗淡Direct 指示指令Diode 二极管Disable 无能无效无用Director 指南指导咨询Disk 圆盘Discharge 放点排出释放Distribution 分配分布分发Display 显示Dock 停放连接接驳Divider 分配分割Dot 小点虚线点缀Donut 环形Download 下载Down 下降Draw 绘制描写冲压成型Drag 拖拽Drop 下拉滴落遗漏Drill 钻Duplicate 复制副本Dual 双数的两倍Duty 占空比Edge 边缘Edit 编辑Efficient 高效的有能力的Electrical 电气的电学的电力的Ellipse 椭圆Embed 潜入插入Emitter 射极Emulate 效法Enable 使能激活有效Encoder 编码器End 结束Engineer 设计建造工程师Enter 进入参加Entity 实体Entry 入口Enum 列举型别Error 错误Evaluation 评价评估鉴定Example 例子Excel 胜过优秀突出Execute 执行实施签署Exist 存在的现有的Expand 扩大推广展开Expansion 扩大扩展扩张Expiry 终止期满Explode 爆炸分解Exponent 指数Export 输出出品Explore 探究查询Extra 额外的附加的External 外部的外面的外形Extrude 压制突出Extract 提取摘录Fabrication 制造Frequency 频率Failure 无效毁坏的Function 函数功能False 虚假的伪造的Fail 失败不足Fanout 扇出Fall 下降降落落差Favorite 最爱的（sth sb）Famale 凹的阴的Figure 图形Fatal 致命的Fill 填充Field 现场域范围Filter 过滤器File 文件Find 建立发现Film 胶片First 第一首先Finally 最终的Flash 闪光闪烁曝光Finish 完成结束Flatten 弄平弄直Fit 适合相配Flip-flop 触发器Flat 平的平坦的Floorplan 层平面图Flip 倒转Focus 集中聚焦Float 发行Footprint 封装Flow 流动源自Format 格式Folder 文件夹折叠Formula 公式Force 强制FPGAForum 讨论论坛会Frame 框图塑造Free 自由Framework 架构结构Form 从····起由于Gate 门Generate 产生导致造成Graphic 图形green 绿色Grid 栅格Ground 地面基础Group 组类集聚Guide 引导指南手册Hard 坚硬的困难的Hardware 硬件设备五金Harmonic 谐波谐振Harness 束Hatch 策划画影线舱口Hazard 冒险Hazy 模糊的混浊的Height 高度Help 帮助Hexadecimal 十六进制Hide 隐藏Hierarchy 体系分层系列High 高的高级的高尚的Hint 暗示History 历史记录Horizontal 水平横向Hug 拥抱紧靠Ideal 理想的Identical 相同的相等的恒等的Identifier 识别符Identify 识别标记IDF(integrated data file) 综合资料文件IEEE 电气电子工程师协会Impedance 阻抗Ignore 忽略Import 输入导入Imperial 英制的Include 包含Incident 事变入射Index 索引Increment 增量Inductor 电感Indication 指示表示Information 信息Industry 工业企业产业行业Innovation 创新Initial 最初的开始的Insert 插入嵌入添Input 输入Insight 洞察顿悟Inside 内部的里面的Install 安装Inspector 检查视察Instrument 仪器Instance 实例Integrate 积分的集成使完成使结合Integer 整数Interactive 互动的交互的Integrity 完整的Interface 接口界面Interconnect 互联器Internet 因特网Internal 内部的IPC(industry process control)工业过程控制Interrupt 打断中断Isolate 隔离Island 孤岛岛屿Item 项目条款ISP(In-system programmable)在线编程JTAG(joint test action group) 联合测试行为组Job 工作职业Joint 联合的Jump 跳跃Junctions 结点接点Keep 保持Key 关键钥匙Kind 种类Knowledge 知识Label 标签商标Lattice 晶格点阵Landscape 横向Layer 层Latch 锁存器锁扣LCD(liquid crystal display) 液晶显示器Launch 发射投掷出版LED(light emitting diode) 发光二级管Layout 布置布局Legacy 老化遗留下Learn 学习学会认知Length 长度Left 左边向左Less 较少的Legend 图例图注Library 库图书馆Lens 镜Line 线条线路Level 水平Link 链接连接License 注册Linear 线性的直线的一次的Liquid 液体流体不稳的Live 激活Localize 本地局部本地化定位Locate 把···设置在位置场所Lock 锁定Log 记录Logarithmic 对数的Logic 逻辑逻辑学Logical 逻辑的合理的Login 登录Lookup 查找查阅Loop 循环环状物Low 低的矮的Lot 地段许多Laboratory 实验室LPM(library of parameter modules) 参数化模块库Language 语言用语术语Machine 机器机械Multivibrator 多谐振荡器Maker 制造者Magnitude 幅值强度量值Manage 管理操纵Male 阳的Manual 手册手动的Manager 管理者经理主任Map 图Manufacture 制造制作加工Match 匹配比赛Mask 表面掩膜屏蔽Matrix 矩阵混合物Material 材料物质Maximum 最大值最大量Maximize 增加扩大Measure 测量Meal 粉状物膳食Medium 中间的媒介Mechanical 机械的Membership 会员资格Mega 许多非常强大Memory 存储器内存Menu 菜单Merge 合并Message 信息Meter 米（长度单位）Metric 公制的Microsoft 微软Millimeter 毫米Minimum 最小值Miscellaneous 混合杂项多样Miser 钻探机Miss 损失差错遗漏Miter 斜接斜角Mix 混合结合杂交Mode 形状方式风格Model 模型模特型号Modify 更改修饰Module 模块组件单元Moire 网纹纹波龟纹Mold 模块模型Monitor 监控Monostable 单稳状态Moor 固定系住Mount 安装Move 移动Mult 多种多元多路Magnify 放大Name 名称Nano 十亿分之一纳Navigator 领航导航Neck 领口瓶颈Negative 负的Net 网络Netlable 网络标号Netlist 网络表New 新的Next 下一步再Nexus 关系Node 结点波峰Noise 噪音None 忽略一个也没Normal 正常的常规的Number 数字号码数量Object 物体目标Octagon 八边形Octal 八进制Octave 八行八度八位ODBC(ovject database connectivity) 开放数据库互联Ohm 欧姆（电阻单位）OLE DB(object lin king and embedding databse) 目标链接及嵌入式数据库Online 在线Opcode 运算码Openbus 开放总线公共总线Open 开放的公开的Operate 工作运转营业Operand 操作数运算域Optimizer 优化程序优化器Operator 运算符Orange 橙子桔子Option 选择选项Orientation 取向Order 顺序Original 原本的最初的Origin 起源原点Outline 外形略述概括Orthogonal 直角的正交的Outside 外部的外观Output 输出Overlay 覆盖层Overall 全部的Owner 物主所有者Overshoot 过冲Package 封装包装Pad 焊盘基座垫料Page 页码翻阅Pair 成对成双Palette 调色盘选盘控制板Panel 面板画板嵌镶板Parallel 并行并联Parameter 参数系数因数Parent 父系Parsing 部析Part 部件Passive 无源的被动的Paste 助焊贴敷铜Path 路径轨迹PCBPeak 峰值Peripheral 周边的外围的Permission 同意Persistent 坚持不懈固执的Physical 物理的Pickbox 点选框取景框Pickup 拾取收集Pin 引脚管脚Place 放置Placement 布局Plane 平板平面飞机Plugin 插件栓Point 点Plus 十字记号加号Polygon 多边形多角形Pole 极极地Popup 弹出Polyline 折线Portable 可移植的移动的Port 端口Position 位置Portrait 竖向纵向Postpone 延时搁置Positive 正的Power 电源功率Pour 倾泻倒灌Preference 偏好优先Predefined 预先定义Preliminary 预备的初步语言的Prefix 前缀字首Preserve 保护保藏维护Prepreg 预浸料半固化品Preview 预览预习排练Preset 置数Primary 主要的Previous 以前的早先的Print 打印Primitive 原始的纯朴的Priority 优先级优先权Printout 打印输出Process 进程步骤Probe 探测调查Profile 外形轮廓部面Processor 处理器加工者Program 程序设计Programmable 可编程的Project 工程项目Proper 适当的恰当的Promote 促进创办Provider 提供者供应商Property 性质特性Pull 拉牵拖PSD(programmable system device) 可编程的系统部件Pulse 脉冲跳动Pullback 障碍阻扰拉回Push 推挤推进拓展Quality 质量特性Query 疑问质问问号Quiet 静态的安静的Radix 根基数RAMRange 级别排行类别Raster 光栅屏面Ray 射线光线闪现Rebuild 重建重构Recent 最近的Record 记录经历Rectangle 矩形长方形Rectangular 矩形的成直角的Red 红色的Reference 参考基准Reflect 反射Region 区域地带Register 寄存器Remove 删除移除Repeat 重复Report 报告Require 需要需求Reserve 储备保存Reset 复位置零Reshape 改造矫形变形Resistance 电阻值Resistor 店主Resource 资源Restore 恢复还原返回Restrict 限制约束Result 结果导致Retrieve 取回恢复Revision 修订本校正版Right 右的右方Ring 铃声环形物Rise 上升起立增强ROMRoom 房间空间位置Root 根根源本质Rotation 旋转自转Round圆的Routing 走线布线Row 成形排列Rule 规则Run 运转流行的趋势Server 服务服务器Same 相同的同样的Sans 没有无Save 保存Scalar 标量数量Scale 刻度调节Schematic 图表示意图Scope 范围域Score 成绩计分Script 脚本Scroll 卷动Search 搜索Secondary 次要的从属的Section 部分片断Seed 原因种子Select 挑选选拔Separate 分离区别标识Sequential 有顺序的相继的Serial 串行的系列的序列的Serif 细体字Series 串联连贯成套Session 学期期间Service 服务检修劳务Shader 材质Set 设置置位Shadow 阴影着色Shape 造型形状Share 共享Sheet 图纸方块Shelve 搁置暂缓考虑Shift 移动变换Shortcut 快捷方式Show 显示展示Signal 信号Sign 签署有符号的征兆标志Silent 沉默的Silkscreen 丝印层Similar 相似的类似的Simple 简单的朴实的Simulation 仿真Sitemap 网站地图网站导航Situs 地点位置Silce 切片薄片Slider 滑块滑动Slot 槽Small 小的细的微的Smart 智慧灵气Snap 跳转突然折断Snippet 片断摘录Software 软件Solder 焊接Solid 实心的固体的坚固的Sort 分类Source 电源根源Space 间隔间隙Speaker 扬声器Special 特殊的Specification 说明书明细表Specify 具体指定详细指明列入清单Speed 速度Split 分离Spreadsheet 电子表格试算表Square 方形正直的Stack 堆积层叠Standalone 单板机Standard 标准规范Standoff 支架平淡Start 起始Starve 不足饥饿State 状态形势州Static 静止的Station 平台地位Status 地位资格身份Step 步进踏步步骤Stimulus 激励促进刺激Stop 停止Storage 储存器Strategy 策略方案战略String 字符串串条弦Structure 构成结构组织Style 风格文体作风Subversion 颠覆Summary 摘要概括总结Support 支持Suppress 压制抑制阻止Surface 表面Suspend 暂停挂起终止Swap 交换Sweep 扫描环视Switch 开关Symbol 符号Synchronous 同步的Syntax 语法Synthesis 综合合成System 系统Table 表格True 真实Target 目标对象指标Tail 末尾尾部Technology 技术工艺Teardrop 泪滴Template 样板Temperature 温度气温Terminal 极限的末端的端子Tenting 掩盖遮掩Terminator 终端负载Terminate 终结终止Text 文本正本Test 测试Themselves 他们自己TFT 触摸屏显示器Thruhole 通孔Thermal 热的热量的Time 时间Tile 铺排Timer 定时器Timebase 时基Toggle 切换开关双稳Timing 时序定时Tool 工具Tolerance 公差容限容差Top 顶部Toolbar 工具栏工具条Total 总体的合计为Topic 题目Track 轨迹Touchscreen 触摸屏Train 培训Trail 拖Transfer 传递Trance 恍惚Transistor 三极管晶体管Transient 暂态瞬态Transparency 透明度Translate 转变翻译Triangle 三角Transport 传输Trigonometry 三角法Trigger 触发器启动引起Tube 真空管电子管试管Tune 调谐曲调协调Tutorial 指导导师Type 类型Unassign 未定义Uncouple 解耦松开Undershoot 下冲负尖峰Undo 取消还原Uniform 相同的一致的单调的Unique 独特的唯一的Unit 单位Universal 普遍的全体的宇宙的Unspecified 不规定不确定Up 向上Update 更新Usage 用法习惯处理Utility 实用的通用的Use 实用Valid 有效的确实的合法的Validate 使生效Validation 确认验证Value 数值价值价格评价Variant 变化派生Vector 矢量向量Vendor 供应商卖主Version 版本翻译Vertical 垂直纵向Vertex 顶点制高点极点Very 很非常甚至VHDLVia 经由过孔Victim 被干扰受害者Video 视频录像View 查看Violation 违犯冲突Virtual 实质上的虚拟的Visible 可视的V oltage 电压Wait 等待延缓Walkaround 环绕步行栈桥Warn 警告提醒预告Wave 波动起伏挥动Waveform 波形图Where 地点在哪里Wide 宽的广泛的Window 窗口Width 宽度幅度带宽Wizard 向导精灵Wire 导线Workspace 工作区工作空间Worksheet 工作表单WOSA(windows open services architecture) 开放服务结构Worst 最差的最坏的Zero 零Zone 地段区域Zoom 缩放陡升。

CAD英文翻译中文

AutoCAD（英文版）中所有英语词汇的翻译英文词汇大陆词汇台湾词汇2D Solid 二维实体2D 实面2D Wireframe 二维线框3D Array 三维阵列3D 阵列3D Dynamic View 三维动态观察3D 动态检视3d objects 三维物体3D 物件3D Orbit 三维轨道3D 动态3D Orbit 三维动态观察3D 动态3D Studio 3D Studio 3D Studio3D Viewpoint 三维视点3D 检视点3dpoly 三维多段线3D 聚合线3dsin 3DS 输入3D 实体汇入3DSolid 三维实体3D 实体3dsout 3DS 输出3D 实体汇出abort 放弃中断abort 中断中断absolute coordinates 绝对坐标绝对座标abut 邻接相邻accelerator key 加速键快速键access 获取存取acisin ACIS 输入ACIS 汇入acisout ACIS 输出ACIS 汇出action 操作动作active 活动（的）作用中adaptive sampling 自适应采样最适取样add 添加加入Add a Printer 添加打印机新增印表机Add mode 添加模式Add Plot Style Table 添加打印样式表Add Plot Style Table 添加打印样式表Add Plotter 添加打印机Add Plotter 添加打印机Add to Favorites 添加到收藏夹加入我的最爱ADI ADI(Autodesk 设备接口) ADI (Autodesk 设备介面)adjacent 相邻相邻Adjust 调整调整Adjust Area fill 调整区域填充调整区域填满AdLM (Autodesk License Manager) AdLM （Autodesk 许可管理器）Administration dialog box 管理对话框管理对话方块A dvanced Setup Wizard 高级设置向导进阶安装精灵Aerial View 鸟瞰视图鸟瞰视景affine calibration 仿射校准关系校正alert 警告警示alias 别名别名aliasing 走样锯齿化align 对齐对齐aligned dimension 对齐标注对齐式标注alignment 对齐(方式) 对齐allocate 分配配置Altitude 标高高度ambient color 环境色环境颜色ambient light 环境光环境光源angular dimension 角度标注角度标注angular unit 角度单位角度单位annotation 注释注解anonymous block 无名块匿名图块anti-aliasing 反走样消除锯齿aperture 靶框锁点框apparent intersections 外观交点外观交点append 附加附加Application key 授权申请号应用程式码appload 加载应用程序载入应用程式Apply 应用/申请套用approximation points 近似点近似点arc 圆弧弧Architectual Ticks 建筑标记建筑斜线area 区域,面积区域,面积Argument 参数引数Arrange icons 排列图标排列图示array 阵列阵列arrowhead 箭头箭头ASCII ASCII （美国标准信息交换码）ASCII aseadmin ASE 管理ASE 管理aseexport ASE 输出ASE 汇出aselinks ASE 链接ASE 连结aserows ASE 行ASE 列aseselect ASE 选择ASE 选取asesqled SQL 编辑ASE SQL 编辑器Aspect 纵横向间距纵横向间距aspect ratio 宽高比纵横比assign 指定指定Assist 助理辅助associative dimension 关联标注关联式标注associative hatches 关联填充关联式剖面线attach v.附着贴附attdef 属性定义属性定义attdisp 属性显示属性显示attedit 属性编辑属性编辑attenuation 衰减衰减attenuation of light 灯光衰减光源衰减attext 属性提取属性萃取attredef 属性重定义属性重新定义attribute definition 属性定义属性定义Attribute Display 属性显示属性显示attribute extraction file 属性提取文件属性萃取档attribute extraction template file 属性提取样板文件属性萃取样板档attribute prompt 属性提示属性提示attribute tag 属性标签属性标签attribute value 属性值属性值audit 核查检核authorization code 授权码授权码AutoCAD library search path AutoCAD 库搜索路径AutoCAD 资源库搜寻路径autocommit 自动提交自动确定AutoTrack 自动追踪自动追踪axis tripod 三轴架三向轴azimuth 方位角方位Back Clipping On 后向剪裁打开back view 后视图後视景background color 背景色背景颜色backup 备份备份Backward 反向左右反向bad 不正确的不正确base 基点基准,底端,底部base dimension 基准标注基线式标注base grips 基夹点基准掣点base point 基点基准点baseline 基线基准线基线式baseline dimension 基线标注基线式标注Basic color 基本色基本颜色batch plotting 批处理打印批次出图beam angles of spotlights 聚光灯光束角度点光源光线角度Beep on Error 出错报警错误时发出哔声bevel 倒角斜切bevel 倒角斜切beveling objects 斜角对象斜切物件Bezier curve Bezier 曲线Bezier 曲线Big Font 大字体大字体bind 绑定并入bitmap 位图点阵图blend 合成混成blipmode 点标记模式点记模式block 块图块block definition 块定义图块定义block reference 块参照图块参考block table 块表图块表格bmpout BMP 输出BMP 汇出body 体主体Boolean operation 布尔运算布林运算borders 边框图框bottom view 仰视图下视景boundary 边界边界boundary sets 边界集边界集bounding 边（框）边界框break (v.) 打断切断Bring Above Object 置于对象之上置於物件上方Bring to Top 顶置置於最上方brower 浏览器浏览器built-in 内置的内建bulge 凸度凸度bump map 凹凸贴图凸纹贴图button menu 按钮菜单按钮功能表BYBLOCK 随块BYBLOCKBYLAYER 随层BYLAYERbyte 字节位元组cabling 电缆布线配线cal 计算器校正calibrate 校准校正call 调用呼叫callback 回调(for LISP) 回覆callback 回叫回覆camera 相机照相机camera angle 相机角度相机角度Cancel 取消取消cap 封口封口cascade 层叠（的）重叠排列case （大小）写大小写cast 投射投射catalog 目录目录cell 单元储存格Center 圆心中心center mark 圆心标记中心点标记centerline 中心线中心线centroid 形心,质心矩心chamfer 倒角倒角change 修改变更character 字符字元Check 检查检查Check Box 复选框勾选框Check Spelling 拼写检查拼字检查child dimension style 下级标注样式子标注型式chord 弦翼弦chprop 修改特性变更性质circle 圆圆circular external reference 循环外部参照循环外部参考Circumference 圆周圆周class 类等级, 类别clause 子句子句Clean 清除清理Clean 清除清理clear 清除清除client 客户机用户端clip 剪裁截取Clipboard 剪贴板剪贴簿clipping boundaries 剪裁边界截取边界clipping planes 剪裁平面截取平面Close 闭合关闭(用於档案),闭合(用於边界,线,面域) cluster 组丛集code pages 代码页字码页color 颜色著色color depth 颜色深度颜色深度color map 色表颜色对映Color Wheel 颜色轮盘色轮color-dependent 颜色相关Color-Dependent Plot Style Table 颜色相关打印样式表column 列栏(for database)combine 结合结合comma 逗号逗号command history 命令历史指令历程command line 命令行指令行command window 命令窗口指令视窗comment 注释注解commit 提交确定Compatibility 兼容性相容性compile 编译编译complex solids 复杂实体复杂实体component 分量元件Component 部件元件composite regions 组合面域复合面域composite tolerances 混合公差复合公差compound documents 合成文档复合文件cone 圆锥面圆锥体config 配置规划configuration 配置规划conic 圆锥曲线圆锥形的Constant 常量常数Construction Line 构造线建构线containers 容器容器Content Explorer 内容管理器内容浏览器Content Explorer 内容管理器内容浏览器contents 内容内容,目录context 环境上下文continuation 顺序连续性Continue 继续继续,延续Continue 继续继续,延续continue dimension 连续标注连续式标注contour lines 轮廓线等高线contrast 对比度对比contrast 对比度对比control (n.)控件控制coordinate filters 坐标过滤器座标过滤器coordinate system 坐标系座标系统coplanar 同一平面的共平面copy 副本复制,复本Copy Hyperlink 复制超级链接复制超级连结copyclip 复制剪贴复制截取copyhist 复制历史复制历程copylink 复制链接复制连结Corner 角点角点corner joint 角点转角接点correct v. 更正正确corrupt 毁损损坏create 创建建立Create Layout 创建布局criteria 条件准则criteria 条件准则Crop 修剪切齐crosshair 十字光标十字游标crossing 窗交框选crossing polygon 交叉多边形多边形框选crossing window 交叉窗口窗选cube 立方体立方体Cubic 三次三次,立方Current UCS 当前UCS 目前的UCSCurrent UCS 当前UCS 目前的UCScursor 游标游标cursor menu 光标菜单游标功能表curve 曲线曲线custom 自定义自订Custom installation 自定义安装自订安装Customize Menus 自定义菜单自订功能表Customize Menus 自定义菜单自订功能表Cut 剪切剪下cutclip 剪切剪下截取cylinder 圆柱体圆柱体cylindrical coordinate 柱坐标圆柱体座标dangle 不固定的悬挂Dark Color 暗色暗色dash 虚线虚线data integrity 数据完整性资料完整性database 数据库资料库datum 基准基准面datum axis 基准轴基准轴datum dimension 基准标注基准标注datum identifier 基准标识基准识别字datum reference frames 基准参考框架基准参考框datum reference letters 基准参考字母基准参考文字d bConnect 数据库连接资料库连结dbConnect Manager 数据库连接管理器dblist 数据库列表资料库列示DBMS drivers DBMS 驱动资料库管理系统(DBMS)ddattdef 属性定义对话框动态属性定义ddatte 属性编辑对话框动态属性编辑ddattext 属性提取对话框动态属性萃取ddcolor 颜色对话框动态颜色设定ddedit 文字编辑对话框编辑文字与属性定义ddgrips 夹点对话框动态掣点设定ddim 标注设置对话框标注设定ddinsert 插入对话框图块插入ddmodify 图元编辑对话框动态修改ddptype 点类型对话框点型式ddrename 重命名对话框动态更名ddrmodes 绘图模式对话框绘图设定ddselect 对象选择对话框动态选取设定dducs UCS 对话框动态UCS 设定dducsp UCS 方向对话框动态UCS 预设ddunits 单位对话框动态单位设定ddview 视图对话框动态视景ddvpoint 视点对话框动态检视点deactivate 释放停用dealer 经销商经销商decal effect 修剪效果除去杂质效果decimal dimensions 十进制标注十进位标注decurve 非曲线化直线化default 缺省预设值,预设default drawing 缺省图形预设图面default drawing 缺省图形预设图面definition point 定义点定义点Degenerate 退化退化delay 延迟延迟delete 删除删除DELta 增量差值demand loading 按需加载应要求载入dependent symbols 依赖符号deployment 展开布署Depth Map 深度贴图深度贴图derive 导出导出description 说明描述Design Center 设计中心设计中心detach 拆离分离Detection 检测侦测deviation 极限偏差偏差deviation tolerances 极限公差偏差公差device 设备设备device 设备设备Device and Default Selection 设备和默认选择设备和预设值选取Dia 直径直径diameter 直径（标注）直径dictionary 词典字典diffuse color 漫射色漫射颜色digitizer 数字化仪数位板digitizing puck 数字化仪游标数位化指向器digitizing puck 数字化仪游标数位化指向器dim 标注标注dimaligned 对齐标注对齐式标注dimangular 角度标注角度标注dimbaseline 标注基线基线式标注dimcenter 圆心标注中心点标注dimcontinue 连续标注连续式标注dimdiameter 直径标注直径标注dimedit 标注编辑标注编辑dimension 标注标注dimension definition points 标注定义点标注定义点d imension format 标注格式标注格式dimension geometry 构成要素标注几何dimension line arc 尺寸线圆弧标注线弧dimension properties 标注特性标注性质dimension scale 标注比例标注比例dimension style 标注样式标注型式dimension style families 标注样式族标注型式家族dimension style name 标注样式名标注型式名称dimension style overrides 标注样式替代标注型式取代dimension text 标注文字标注文字dimension units 标注单位标注单位dimension variables 标注变量标注变数dimlinear 线性标注线性标注dimordinate 坐标标注座标式标注dimoverride 标注替代标注取代dimradius 半径标注半径标注dimstyle 标注样式标注型式dimtedit 标注文字编辑标注文字编辑Direct Hatch 直接填充直接剖面Direction Control 方向控制方向控制Directory 目录目录Disable 禁用取消,停用discard 放弃舍弃Discontinued 停止使用的取消,停用dish 下半球面圆碟disk space 磁盘空间磁碟空间displacement point 位移点位移点display 显示显示器, 显示, 显示画面Display Order 显示次序显示顺序dist 距离距离distant light 平行光远光源distributing 分布分散式dithering 抖动递色diverge 分散的分散的Divide 等分等分divide 等分等分Division 等分分割,除法dock(undock) 固定（浮动）固定document 文档文件dome 上半球面圆顶donut 园环环Draft 草图草图drafting standards 绘图标准制图标准drafting techniques 绘图技术制图技巧drag and drop 拖放拖放draw 绘制/绘图(如果后面未接宾语) 绘图drawing 图形图面,图档Drawing Aids 绘图辅助工具绘图辅助drawing area 绘图区域绘图区drawing boundaries 图形边界图面边界drawing browser 图形浏览器图面浏览器drawing database 图形数据库图形资料库drawing environment 图形环境绘图环境drawing extents 图形范围图面实际范围drawing file 图形文件图档drawing limits 图形界限图面范围drawing order 图形次序绘图顺序drawing project 图形项目绘图专案drawing scale 图形比例图面比例drawing standard 图形标准图面标准drawing status 图形状态图面状态drawing time 绘图时间绘图时间drawing units 图形单位图面单位driver 驱动程序驱动程式Dropdown List 下拉列表下拉式列示dsviewer 鸟瞰视图鸟瞰视景dtext 动态文本动态文字dump 转储倾出duplicate 重复重复的duplicating 复制复制dview 动态观察动态检视dxbin DXB输入DXB 汇入dxfin DXF输入DXF 汇入dxfout DXF输出DXF 汇出Dynamic 动态动态Dynamic Dragging 动态拖动动态拖曳Dynamic Update 动态更新动态更新dynamic viewing 动态观察动态检视dynamic zooming 动态缩放动态缩放edge 边边缘Edge Surface 边界曲面边缘曲面edgesurf 边界曲面边缘曲面editor 编辑器编辑器EDUCATION VERSION 教学版教育版effect 效果效果Element 元素元素elev 标高高程elevation 标高高程ellipse 椭圆椭圆embed 内嵌，嵌入嵌入Encapsulated 封装See also "EPS" 压缩end 端点结束,终点end angle 端点角度结束角度end tangent 端点切向结束切点end width 端点宽度结束宽度Ending 终止端点English units 英制单位英制ENTER ENTER（输入）输入entity 图元元件. 图元entry 条目资料项environment 环境环境environment variable 环境变量环境变数equation 方程式方程式erase 删除删除existing 现有的既有的Exit 退出结束export 输出汇出expression 表达式表示式extend 扩展延伸extend 延伸，超出量（用于标注）延伸extension line 尺寸界线延伸线Extent(s) 范围实际范围external data 外部数据外部资料external database 外部数据库外部资料库External Reference 外部参照外部参考Extract 选集萃取extrude 拉伸挤出face 面面facet 镶嵌面产生刻面factor 因子(see Scale Factor) 系数fade 褪色度渐层falloff angle 收缩角衰退角度Fast Zoom mode 快速缩放模式快速缩放模式fatal 致命错误致命错误Favorites 收藏夹我的最爱Favorites 收藏夹我的最爱feature 功能/（几何）特征特徵fence 栏选(See also Selection fence) 篱选field 字段栏位file 文件档案fill 填充填实Filled Text 填充文字文字填实(用於填实线条、实体或实面)Filmroll Filmroll 胶卷filter 过滤器过滤器find 查找寻找工具finish 完成修饰finish 修饰（for render only) 修饰fit 自适应设置布满（用於预览时，布满视窗或图纸）fit points 拟合点拟合点flag 标志旗标Flat Shaded, Edges on 带边框平淡着色flat-shaded （平淡）着色floating viewports 浮动视口浮动视埠flood 布满大量Flyout Properties 弹出特性对话框图示列性质fog 雾雾fold 折叠摺痕Follow 跟随自动平面视景font 字体字体font map file 字体映射文件字体对映档form tolerance 形状公差成型公差formatting text 设置文字格式格式化文字frame 框架画格frame 帧画格frame 边框画格free-form 自由形式（的）自由形式freehand line 徒手画线手绘线Freeplotting 自由绘图自由出图freeze 冻结冻结freezing layers 冻结图层冻结图层from 自自Front Clipping On 前向剪裁打开front view 主视图前视景Full Preview 全视口预览完整预览General 基本一般generate 生成产生geometric characteristic symbols 几何特性几何特性符号Geometric Tolerance 形位公差几何公差geometry 几何图形几何图形global 全局（的）整体Gouraud renderings Gouraud Gouraud 着色Gouraud 彩现Gradient 百分度渐层Grads 百分度分度graphic area 图形区图形区graphics cursor 图形光标图形游标graphics screen 图形屏图形萤幕graphics window 图形窗口图形视窗graphscr 图形屏图形萤幕gray 灰度灰阶grid 网格格点grid 网格,栅格格点grid mode 栅格模式格点模式grip 夹点掣点group 编组群组group code 组码群组码Haltftoning 半色调半色调handle 句柄处理码(用於性质对话方块) handshaking 握手信号交握Hardcopy 硬拷贝硬体复制,硬本hardware linetype 硬件线型硬体线型hardware lock 保密锁硬体锁hardware requirement 硬件需求硬体需求hatch 图案填充剖面线hatch areas 填充区域剖面区域hatch boundaries 填充边界剖面边界hatch pattern 填充图案剖面线样式hatch styles 填充样式剖面样式hatchedit 填充编辑剖面线编辑Heads-up Design 轻松设计抬头设计Height 高度高度help 帮助说明Hidden Line 隐藏线隐藏线hidden-line image 消隐图像隐藏线影像hide 隐藏(adj.) 隐藏hide 消隐(v.) 隐藏hideplot 消隐出图隐藏出图highlight 突出显示亮显highlight 亮光(for the color of 3D object) 亮显HIGHLIGHT 亮显亮显home page 主页首页home position 起始位置归位点hook line 钩线钩线hotspot 聚光角聚光点Hyperlink 超级链接超连结Icon 图标图示Identifier 标识符识别字IGES (International Graphics Exchange Specification) 初始图形交换标准基本图形交换规Ignore 忽略忽略image 图像影像implement 实现实施import 输入汇入Imprint 压印盖印Imprint 压印盖印included angle 包含角夹角infinite lines 无限长线无限长直线information 信息资讯Inherit Properties 继承特性继承性质initial environment 初始环境初始环境Initialize 初始化起始设定in-place 在位现地inquiry 查询查询inscribed polygons 内接正多边形内接多边形insert 插入插入Insertion 插入点插入点insertobj 插入对象插入物件instance 引用实例Instruction 指示指示integer 整数整数IntelliMouse 智能鼠标智慧型滑鼠IntelliMouse 智能鼠标智慧型滑鼠Intensity 强度强度interactive 交互的互动式Interchange 互换交替interface 介面介面interfere 干涉干涉Interference 干涉干涉Interference 干涉干涉interlace 隔行交错internal 内部的内部Internet Utilities Internet应用程序网际网路公用程式i nterpolation points 插值点内插点intersect 交集交集interval 间距/间隔间隔时间Invalid 无效（的）无效inverse linear attenuation of light 线性衰减光线的线性反比衰减inverse square attenuation of light 平方衰减光线的平方反比衰减Invisible 不可见不可见invoke 调用呼叫island 孤岛孤立物件Island detection 孤岛检测侦测孤立物件ISO (International Standards Organization) ISO(国际标准化组织) ISOIsolation levels 隔离级别隔离层次isoline 素线等角线isometric 等轴测等角isometric snap style 等轴测捕捉样式等角锁点型式isometric view 等轴测视图等角视景isoplane 等轴测平面等角平面ISOPLANE 等轴测平面等角平面Italic 斜体斜体iterator 枚举器重述子join 合并结合joint 连接接合线Justification 对正对正方式justify 对正对正key 主键主键key n.名称主键knot vector 节点矢量要点向量label 标签标签landscape 横向横式Landscape 配景，风景,if used for "landscape object" etc. 横式Landscape Edit 编辑配景Landscape Library 配景库景物图库lateral tolerance symbol 尺寸公差符号侧向公差符号l ayer index 图层索引图层索引Layout 布局配置Layout from Template 来自样板的布局Layout from Template 来自样板的布局Layout Wizard 布局向导leader 引线引线Leading 前导前导Learning Assistance 学习助手学习助理Left View 左视图左视景legacy 传统旧式length 长度长度lengthen 拉长调整长度Lens Length 镜头长度镜头长度License Agreement 许可协议授权合约license key 许可证号授权码License Manager 许可管理器授权管理员License Server 许可服务器授权伺服器licenses 授权授权light 光源光源light color 浅色(for RAMT-wood ) 亮色Light Color 暖色亮色lighting 照明效果照明Lightness 亮度亮度limits 图形界限范围,图面范围line 行线line 直线线line font 线型线字体line object 线性对象线物件line segment 线段线段line width 线宽线宽Linear Dimension 线性标注线性标注linetype 线型线型Lineweight 线宽线宽link 链接连结list 表串列list 列表串列list box 列表框列示框List Files 文件列表load 加载载入locale 局部本地location 网址(for Internet) 位置location 位置(for file and directory) 位置locked 锁定锁护locked layer 锁定图层锁护图层logfileoff 关闭日志文件关闭记录档logfileon 打开日志文件开启记录档logical 逻辑逻辑的long file name 长文件名长档名loop 环回路ltscale 线型比例线型比例LTSCALE 线型比例线型比例Ltype 线型线型lump 块小块magnet 磁吸磁铁magnification （缩放）比例倍率magnifying glass 放大镜放大境main window 主窗口主视窗major axis 长轴长轴Make 新建制作Make 建立制作malformed 有缺陷畸形的Manipulate 操作管理Manipulate 操作管理Manufacture 制造商制造商mapper 贴图贴图mapping 贴图贴图,对映marble 大理石大理石mark 标记标记massprop 质量特性质量性质match 匹配相符material condition 包容条件材质条件material condition symbols 包容条件符号材质条件符号Materials 材质对话框材质Materials Library 材质库材质库matlib 材质库材质库measure 测量测量measure 等距等分（菜单内容）测量Measurement 测量单位测量结果MEASUREMENT 在图形中设置测量值测量结果member 成员成员memory 内存记忆体menu 菜单功能表menu bar 菜单栏功能表列menuload 加载菜单自订功能表Merge 合并合并message 信息讯息metafile 图元文件中继档Method 方法方法(用於物件导向程式观念) Middle 中央點中央Middle Center 正中点正中Midpoint 中点中点minsert 多重插入插入图块阵列mirror 镜像镜射mirror line 镜像射线镜射线mirror3d 三维镜像3 D 镜射Miscellaneous File Names 其他文件名其它档名Miter 斜接斜接mledit 多线编辑复线编辑mline 多线复线mlstyle 多线样式复线型式mode 模式模式model 型号模型model 型号模型model (v)建模，(n)模型模型model space 模型空间模型空间Modification 修改修改monitor resolution 显示器分辨率萤幕解析度monochrome 单色（的）单色mouse 鼠标滑鼠move 移动移动mslide 制作幻灯制作幻灯片mspace 模型空间模型空间mtext 多行文字多行文字Multiline 多线比例复线multiline scale 多线比例复线比例Multiline Style 多线样式复线型式mview 生成视口多重视埠mvsetup 设置图纸规格多重视埠设定named object 命名对象具名物件named plot style table 命名的打印样式表具名的出图型式表Named UCS 命名UCS 具名UCSnamed view 命名视图具名的视景NE Isometric 东北等轴测东北等角NE Isometric 东北等轴测东北等角Nearest 最近点最近点nested 嵌套巢状式nested blocks 嵌套块巢状式图块new 新建开新档案new 新的开新档案New Layout 新建布局New Layout 新建布局NURB surfaces NURBS（非一致有理B 样条曲线）NURBS 曲面NW Isometric 西北等轴测西北等角NW Isometric 西北等轴测西北等角object 对象物件Object Properties 对象特性物件性质Object Properties Manager 对象特性管理器物件性质管理员Object Snap 对象捕捉物件锁点object snap override 对象捕捉覆盖物件锁点取代Object Snap Setting 对象捕捉设置objects 对象物件Oblique 斜尺寸界线倾斜obsolete 废弃旧式ODBC database ODBC数据库ODBC 资料库offset 偏移偏移OLE OLE（对象链接和嵌入）物件连接与嵌入(OLE)olelinks OLE链接OLE 连结online help 联机帮助线上说明online manuals 联机手册线上手册oops 恢复取消删除opacity map 不透明贴图不透明贴图open 打开开启(大部分用於档案)open 打开(的) 开启(大部分用於档案)OPM(Object Property Manager) 对象特性管理器Optimization 优化最佳化option 选项选项Orbit 轨道动态, 动态检视Ordinate 坐标标注座标式orientation 方向方位origin 原点（对于坐标系）原点origin 原始位置(used for external Datebase) 原点origin 起点（对于尺寸界线和标注）原点ortho 正交正交Ortho mode 正交模式正交模式orthogonal 正交正交的orthographic 正交正投影osnap 对象捕捉物件锁点outside 外部的外侧(用於文字位置)overall dimension scale 全局比例整体标注比例overflow 溢出高溢(相对於underflow),溢位overlay 覆盖覆叠overline 上划线顶线override 忽略- For common sentences 取代override 替代- For dimension 取代overwrite 覆盖取代Palette 控制板选盘Palette 调色板选盘pan 平移平移pane 窗格窗格paper space 图纸空间图纸空间parameter 参数参数parent dimension style 上级标注样式父系标注型式p arse 分析分析Partial 部分局部Partial Load 部分加载局部载入Partial Load 部分加载局部载入password 口令密码Paste Special 选择性粘贴选择性贴上pasteclip 粘贴贴上截取pastespec 选择性粘贴选择性贴上path 路径路径pattern 方式for "file search pattern" 样式pattern 图案for hatch pattern, line pattern, etc. 样式p edit 多段线编辑聚合线编辑pen plotters 笔式绘图仪笔式绘图机pen speed 笔速笔速pen width 笔宽笔宽Perfomance 性能效能perimeter 周长周长personalization 个人化个人化pface 复合面聚合面Phong shading Phong 着色描影Photo Raytrace renderer 照片级光线跟踪渲染光线追踪相片彩现Photo Real renderer 照片级真实感渲染真实相片彩现photo realistic rendering 照片级真实感渲染相片质感彩现pick button 拾取键点选钮pickbox 拾取框点选框PICKFIRST 选择优先先点选picture 图片图片pixel 像素像素placeholder 占位符定位器plan 平面图平面plan view 平面视图平面视景planar projection 平面投影平面投影pline 多段线聚合线plot 打印出图Plot Configuration 打印配置出图规划plot files 打印文件出图档plot rotation 打印旋转出图旋转plot spooling 打印假脱机出图伫列Plot Style Manager 打印样式管理器plot style table 打印样式表出图型式表plotter 绘图仪绘图机plotter linetype 绘图仪线型绘图机线型Plotter Manager 打印机管理器Point Filters 点过滤点过滤器point marker 点标记点标记Point Sample 点采样取样点Point Style 点样式点型式pointer 指针指标pointing device 定点设备指向设备polar array 环形阵列环形阵列polar coordinate 极坐标极座标polar tracking 极轴追踪极座标追踪polar tracking 极轴追踪极座标追踪polyface meshes 多面网格聚合面网面polygon 正多边形多边形polygon 多边形多边形polygon meshes 多边形网格多边形网面polygon window 多边形窗口多边形视窗polygonal clipping boundaries 多边形剪切边界多边形截取边界polyline 多段线聚合线polyline clipping boundaries 多段线裁剪边界聚合线截取边界polyline segments 多段线线段聚合线线段polymesh 多边形网格聚合网面popup 弹出弹出Popup List 弹出列表弹出列示port 端口埠Portrait 肖像直式Portrait 纵向，if used for paper layout 直式positional tolerances 位置公差位置公差precision 精度精确度predefine 预定义事先定义的preferences 系统配置环境设定Preferences dialog box 系统配置对话框「环境设定」对话方块preview 打印预览预览primitive 原型基本原件Priority 优先级优先权priviledge 特权专用权Procedural material 过程化材质程序材质process 处理程序Profile 配置/剖面(图) 轮廓program (v.) 编程程式Projected tolerance zone 投影公差带投影公差区Projected tolerances 投影公差投影公差prompt 提示提示Properties 特性内容Property painter 特性刷性质复制器Protocal 协议通讯协定prototype 原型原型proxy 代理代理proxy fonts 代理字体代理字型pull down menu 下拉菜单下拉功能表purge 清理清除pyramid 棱锥面三角锥体QDIM 快速标注快速标注qsave 快存快速存档qtext 快速文字快速文字Quadratic 二次二次quality 质量品质Quick Tour 快速指南快速导览radian 弧度弪度Radio Button 单选钮圆钮radius 半径半径raster file format 光栅文件格式网格档案格式Raster Image 光栅图像网格式影像raster image boundaries 光栅图像边界网格式影像边界ray 射线射线, 光线Ray Casting 射线法raytraced renderer 光线跟踪渲染光线追踪彩现raytraced shadows 光线跟踪阴影光线追踪阴影read 读取读取Realtime 实时即时模式recover 恢复修复recover 修复修复rectang 矩形矩形recursion 递归递回Redefine 重定义重新定义redo 重做重做redraw 重画重绘redrawall 全重画全部重绘reference 引用参考reference 参照参考reference angles 参考角参考角度reference point 参考点参考点refine 精度控制精细化reflection color 反射色反射色reflection mapping 反射贴图反射贴图refractive index 折射指数折射系数refresh 刷新更新regen 重生成重生regenall 全重生成全部重生regenauto 自动重生成自动重生regenerate 重生成重生regeneration 重生成重生region 面域面域registry 注册表登录reinit 重初始化重新起始设定reinstall 重新安装重新安装relative angles 相对角相对角度relative coordinates 相对坐标相对座标release 版本版本Reload 重载重新载入remove 删除移除rename 重命名更名rename 重命名更名render 渲染彩现renderer 渲染程序彩现程式Replace 替换取代replay 重放重播Requirement 需求需求reset 重置重设resizing 改变大小重新调整尺寸resolution 融入解析度resolution 分辨率解析度restore 恢复取回resume 恢复执行继续执行Retain 保留保留return button 回车键Enter 键revert 复原恢复原状revolve 旋转回转revsurf 旋转曲面回转曲面ridge 棱脊线Right-Angle 直角直角rmat 材质彩现材质rollback 回卷溯回root point 原点根点rotate 旋转旋转rotate3d 三维旋转旋转3ＤRotation 旋转旋转routine 例行程序常式Rows dialog box “行”对话框列对话方块rpref 渲染选项彩现环境设定rscript 重复执行重新执行脚本rubber-band line 拖引线伸缩线rulesurf 直纹曲面规则曲面Run Script 运行脚本执行脚本running object snap 执行对象捕捉常驻式「物件锁点」running override 整体替代整体取代runout 跳动偏转度sample 样例取样Saturation 饱和度饱和度save 保存储存Save back 存回回存saveas 另存为另存新档。

The Grammar-Translation Method

总的说来，语法翻译法属于传统语言学派。正如在第一章里所说的那样，传统语言学认为书面语言优越于口头语言。因此，在研究语言时，他们的重点是书面语言，并把词汇当作他们研究的起始点。在讨论语言规则时，他们采取的是规定性的途径。他们强调语言的正确性，纯洁性，以及语言的优美，还强调使用拉丁语范例等等。语法翻译法所依托的语言理论是由历史比较语言学派生出来的。不同语言之间的比较结果表明：像希腊语和拉丁语这类古典语言与现代印欧语系的各种语言非常相似。一些语言学家认为：所有语言都源于一种共同语言，受约于同一种语法。在外语教学中，目标语是被看作一套语法规则，这套语法规则在课文和句子里都要遵守，与第一语言的语法规则和意思要联系起来。第一语言被看作是习得目标语过程中的参照系统。
(4) The language was a body of knowledge to be learned, with an emphasis on intellectual rigor. (语言是一门须学习的学问，重点放在智力的严密上) 语法翻译法所依据的学习理论是机能心理学。机能心理学家认为：人的大脑有各种不同的机能，这些机能可以分别训练。理解和记忆各种语言的复杂语法规则被认为是发展脑力的
Theory of learning(学习理论)
(1) The mind of human beings has various faculties that can be trained separately. (人的大脑有各种不同的机能，这些机能可以分别训练) ( 2 ) Un de rs tan d i n g an d me m or iz at io n of complicated grammatical rules of languages help to develop mentality. (理解和记忆各种语言的复杂语法规则可以发展脑力)

Altium_Designer中英文词汇翻译

Altium_Designer中英文词汇翻译[检索词汇] altium designer 中英文技术词汇对照PCB AD常用术语翻译对译protel 单词AD9中的英文词汇对照翻译Accept 接受Accuracy 精确度准确度Activate 激活活动启动Add 添加Address 地址Advance 高级Aide 助手辅助Align 排列对齐Alpha 开端Analog 模拟的Analyzer 分析器测定仪&analysis分析Angle 角度观点Annotate 注解&annotator注释者Aperture 孔径光圈Application 应用程序Approximation 接近近似值&approach接近Arc 圆弧弧度Architecture 结构体构造Array 阵列数组Ascend 登高上升Assembly 集合装配Associate 关联的辅助的Asynchronous 异步的&chronous同步的Automatical 自动的Access 存取通道接近Action 行动作用Active 积极的活泼的Adder 加法器Administration 管理员管理器Aggressor 干扰源入侵者&Aggress攻击侵略Alias 别名化名混淆Allow 允许Always 总是永远Analysis 分析研究Animation 动画Any 任意的Applicable 可应用的适用的Apply 应用Arbiter 仲裁器bus arbiter总线仲裁器Architect 设计者制造者Area 面积范围Arrange 安排排列调整Arrow 箭形箭头Assembler 装配器汇编Assign 分配分派指定assign a value分配一个值赋值Astable 非稳态的多谐振荡的Attempt 尝试Available 有效的有用的Backup 备用Bar 标签Base 基极基础基地Batch 批处理批量Begin 开始创建Behavior 行为举止态度Bell 铃钟Between 两者之间Bidir 允许双向unidir单向Bidirectional 双向性Bill 清单Binary 二进制二元的Bistable 双稳bistable unit 双稳态部件Bit 位Bitmap 位图&button bitmap键盘键位图Black 黑色黑色的Blind 盲孔Blip 标志信号&collision blip碰撞标志Block 框栏隔阻&title block标题栏Board 板子牌子委员会Body 物体主干主体Boolean 布尔值Border 边线border set边缘集Bottom 底部Bounce 反弹抖动Breakpoint 中断点断点Broken 破裂的损坏的Browse 浏览browse through浏览Buffer 缓冲器&screen buffer屏幕缓冲Build 构建Bullet 锥形体子弹Bury 埋藏Bus 总线Butterfly 蝶形Button 按钮Bypass 省略Byte 字节Cable 电缆Calculation 计算估计CAM(computer aided manufacturing)计算机辅助制造Cancel 作废删除Capacitor 电容Caption 标题Capture 捕获收集记录Case 实情案例Category 类目范畴部属Cathode 阴极Center 中心Centimeter 厘米Chain 链Change 改变Channel 通道Charge 充电指责指示Check 检测Chart 制成图表Child 子女Chip 集成芯片Circuit 电路Circular 圆环弧形Class 阶层等级Cleanup 清扫工作Clear 清除清零Clearance 清除余地间隙Click 单击点击Clipboard 剪切板Clock 时钟Close 关闭结束Closure 关闭闭幕Code 编码代码Collector 集电极Color 彩色着色Colour 颜色Column 圆柱纵列栏目Combination 组合Comma 逗号Command 命令Comparator 比较器Community 社区群落Compilation 编辑物Compatible 兼容的和谐的Component 元器件组成成分Compile 编辑收集汇编Computer 计算机Composite 合成的复合的综合的Condition 条件Concurrent 并发事件同行Configure 配置Confidence 置信度自信信赖Conflict 冲突Confirm 确认证实Connector 连接端Connectivity 连线Constraint 约束限制因素Console 主控台表盘托架Consumer 用户使用者Construction 构造Continue 继续延伸Contract 缩短Control 控制Convert 转化转变Coordinate 坐标Copper 铜Copy 拷贝复制Core 核Cord 绳线索Corner 角落拐角Corporation 公司企业法人Counter 计数器Courtyard 天井庭院Create 创建Cross 十字符号混合Crosspoint 插入测试点Crosstalk 串扰CRTCrystal 晶体Current 电流当前的流行的Cursor 光标游标指示器Custom 惯例Customer 用户客户Cutout 切出划出挖空Cycle 周期Comment 注释发表评论说明书Dashed 下划线Data 数字数据Databse 数据库资料库Date 日期Daughtrer 子系子插件派生Debug 排错调试Dead 死的Decimal 十进制小数Decade 十进制十年Default 默认值缺省值弃权Decoder 译码器Definition 定义式限定分辨率Define 定义下定义Delay 延时Degree 度等级Demo 演绎演示版Delete 删除Demote 降级降低Deny 否认Description 描述Designator 标识指示者Designer 设计师Destination 目标目的Detail 细节零件Device 装置设备图样器件Diagram 示意图Dialog 对话Diagonal 对角线Difference 差异查分差额Diamond 菱形钻石Digital 数字的Different 不同的Dimension 尺度Dim 朦胧暗淡Direct 指示指令Diode 二极管Disable 无能无效无用Director 指南指导咨询Disk 圆盘Discharge 放点排出释放Distribution 分配分布分发Display 显示Dock 停放连接接驳Divider 分配分割Dot 小点虚线点缀Donut 环形Download 下载Down 下降Draw 绘制描写冲压成型Drag 拖拽Drop 下拉滴落遗漏Drill 钻Duplicate 复制副本Dual 双数的两倍Duty 占空比Edge 边缘Edit 编辑Efficient 高效的有能力的Electrical 电气的电学的电力的Ellipse 椭圆Embed 潜入插入Emitter 射极Emulate 效法Enable 使能激活有效Encoder 编码器End 结束Engineer 设计建造工程师Enter 进入参加Entity 实体Entry 入口Enum 列举型别Error 错误Evaluation 评价评估鉴定Example 例子Excel 胜过优秀突出Execute 执行实施签署Exist 存在的现有的Expand 扩大推广展开Expansion 扩大扩展扩张Expiry 终止期满Explode 爆炸分解Exponent 指数Export 输出出品Explore 探究查询Extra 额外的附加的External 外部的外面的外形Extrude 压制突出Extract 提取摘录Fabrication 制造Frequency 频率Failure 无效毁坏的Function 函数功能False 虚假的伪造的Fail 失败不足Fanout 扇出Fall 下降降落落差Favorite 最爱的（sth sb）Famale 凹的阴的Figure 图形Fatal 致命的Fill 填充Field 现场域范围Filter 过滤器File 文件Find 建立发现Film 胶片First 第一首先Finally 最终的Flash 闪光闪烁曝光Finish 完成结束Flatten 弄平弄直Fit 适合相配Flip-flop 触发器Flat 平的平坦的Floorplan 层平面图Flip 倒转Focus 集中聚焦Float 发行Footprint 封装Flow 流动源自Format 格式Folder 文件夹折叠Formula 公式Force 强制FPGAForum 讨论论坛会Frame 框图塑造Free 自由Framework 架构结构Form 从····起由于Gate 门Generate 产生导致造成Graphic 图形green 绿色Grid 栅格Ground 地面基础Group 组类集聚Guide 引导指南手册Hard 坚硬的困难的Hardware 硬件设备五金Harmonic 谐波谐振Harness 束Hatch 策划画影线舱口Hazard 冒险Hazy 模糊的混浊的Height 高度Help 帮助Hexadecimal 十六进制Hide 隐藏Hierarchy 体系分层系列High 高的高级的高尚的Hint 暗示History 历史记录Horizontal 水平横向Hug 拥抱紧靠Ideal 理想的Identical 相同的相等的恒等的Identifier 识别符Identify 识别标记IDF(integrated data file) 综合资料文件IEEE 电气电子工程师协会Impedance 阻抗Ignore 忽略Import 输入导入Imperial 英制的Include 包含Incident 事变入射Index 索引Increment 增量Inductor 电感Indication 指示表示Information 信息Industry 工业企业产业行业Innovation 创新Initial 最初的开始的Insert 插入嵌入添Input 输入Insight 洞察顿悟Inside 内部的里面的Install 安装Inspector 检查视察Instrument 仪器Instance 实例Integrate 积分的集成使完成使结合Integer 整数Interactive 互动的交互的Integrity 完整的Interface 接口界面Interconnect 互联器Internet 因特网Internal 内部的IPC(industry process control)工业过程控制Interrupt 打断中断Isolate 隔离Island 孤岛岛屿Item 项目条款ISP(In-system programmable)在线编程JTAG(joint test action group) 联合测试行为组Job 工作职业Joint 联合的Jump 跳跃Junctions 结点接点Keep 保持Key 关键钥匙Kind 种类Knowledge 知识Label 标签商标Lattice 晶格点阵Landscape 横向Layer 层Latch 锁存器锁扣LCD(liquid crystal display) 液晶显示器Launch 发射投掷出版LED(light emitting diode) 发光二级管Layout 布置布局Legacy 老化遗留下Learn 学习学会认知Length 长度Left 左边向左Less 较少的Legend 图例图注Library 库图书馆Lens 镜Line 线条线路Level 水平。

definitions翻译

definitions翻译Definitions翻译为“定义”，是指对某个词语、概念或事物的解释、说明或描述。

下面是一些关于“definitions”的中英文对照例句和用法：1. Definition of love:爱的定义：- Love is a deep affection or attachment towards someone or something.爱是对某人或某物的深深情感或依恋。

- The definition of love varies from person to person.爱的定义因人而异。

2. Legal definition of harassment:骚扰的法律定义：- Harassment is the act of persistently annoying or tormenting someone, often with the intention to intimidate or harm.骚扰是指持续不断地使某人烦恼或折磨，通常是出于恐吓或伤害的目的。

- The legal definition of harassment may vary in different jurisdictions.骚扰的法律定义在不同的司法管辖区可能会有所不同。

3. Official definition of a kilogram:千克的官方定义：- The official definition of a kilogram is the mass of the International Prototype of the Kilogram, a platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.千克的官方定义是国际计量局保存的铂铱制圆柱体——国际千克原器的质量。

商务英语入门术语汇编

Chapter 1 ：Terms sole proprietorshippartnershipgeneral partnershipgeneral partner limited partnershiplimited partner investor creditorliability商务英语入门术语汇编English Definition 中文翻译An organization that is owned, and usually 个人独资企业managed, by one person is called a soleproprietorship.A partnership is a legal relationship between 合伙企业persons carrying on a profit-motivatedbusiness.A general partnership is a business with at 普通合伙least one general partner who has unlimitedliability for the debts of the business.主要合伙人A limited partnership is an arrangement where 有限合伙a person can contribute a business withoutbeing involved in the affairs of the partnership.有限合伙人投资者债权人债务责任corporation The corporation is a legal entity （法人实体），（股份制）公司allowed by legislation, which permits a groupof people, as shareholders or members, tocreate an organization, which can then focuson pursuing set objectives.for-profit company non-profit company limited liabilityunlimited liability 营利性公司非营利性公司有限责任（以出资额为限）无线责任（个人财产也要用于清算）double taxation The corporation has to pay taxes on its profits. 双重课税The stockholders mush also pay income taxon the dividends they receive through ownership.joint venture A joint venture is the pooling of resources and 合资公司expertise by two or more businesses, typicallyfrom different areas or countries to achieve aparticular goal.limited liability A limited liability company(LLC) is a typ有e 限of责任公司companies （LLC）business ownership combining severalfeatures of corporation and partnershipminute structures.会议记录merger acquisition horizontal merger vertical mergerconglomerate merger franchise franchising A merger is the result of the combination of 兼并two or more companies to form a new company.An acquisition is one company buying the 收购property and obligations of another company.A horizontal merger joins firms in the same 横向兼并industry and allows them to diversity orexpand their products.A vertical is the joining of two firms involv纵ed向兼并in different stages of related businesses – a manufacturer merging with a supplier of component products, or a manufacturermerging with a distributor of its products.A conglomerate merger unites firms in 混合兼并completely unrelated industries.A franchise is the right to use a business name 特许and sell products or services, usually in aspecific geographical t erritory.特许经营franchiser franchiseeChapter 2 ：the person who sells a franchisethe person who buys a franchise特许者被特许者Terms bandwagon effect market assessment market niche market research business planEnglish DefinitionBusiness plan is a detailed written documentthat defines the goals of your business anddescribes the means you will use to attainthose goals, the advantages the business will中文翻译从众效应市场评估缝隙市场市场调查企业计划书，企划书have in relation to competition, and thelease agreement resources and qualifications of the owners.A lease agreement is a contract between youand the owner of the property.租赁协议general business license A general business license is assessed 普通经营许可证annually for the privilege of operating abusiness in the jurisdiction.A special license is one that is issued to a business that will provide products or services that require regulation. 特殊经营许可证special licenseChapter 3 ：Terms fringe benefits corporate ethicsethical dilemmaEnglish Definition 中文翻译附加福利corporate ethics are the evaluation of 企业道德corporate activities and behavior as right orwrong.道德困境corporate social Corporate social responsibility is the 企业社会责任responsibility （CSR）awareness that business activities have animpact on society, and the consideration ofthat impact by firms in decision making.corporate culture Corporate culture is described as the 企业文化personality of an organization, includingsuch elements as core values and beliefs,corporate ethics, and rules of behavior.core valuesrisk-taking personality attention-to-detail personalitiesoutcome-oriented personalities customer service people-oriented personalityteam-oriented personalityaggressive personality non-stable personality codes of ethics corporate climateChapter 4 ：核心价值观喜欢冒险的个性注重细节的个性注重结果的个性客服以人为本的个性注重团队合作的个性积极进取的个性不求稳的个性道德规范企业氛围cash float overdraft bank statement 现金流透支银行结单Terms managementEnglish DefinitionManagement is defined as the application of中文翻译管理planning, organizing,controlling functions indirecting, andthe most efficientmanner possible to accomplish meaningfulorganizational objectives.planning Planning is a management function which 计划means defining goals for future organizationalperformance and deciding on the tasks anduse of resources needed to attain them.strategic planning long-range planning / Strategic planning determines the major go 战al 略sof the organization as well as the policies, 划procedures, and strategies for obtaining andusing resources to achieve those goals.规划/ 长期规tactical planning short-range planningoperational planningcontingency planning organizingstructural reorganization directingautocratic leadership democratic leadership controlling organizational structure top-level managers / Tactical planning is the process of developi战ng术规划/ 短期规detailed, short-term strategies about what is to 划be done, who is to do it, and how it is to bedone.Operational planning is the process of setting 运营规划work standards and schedules necessary toimplement the tactical o bjectives.Contingency planning is the process of 应急计划preparing alternative courses of action thatmay be used if the primary plans don’tachieve the organization ’s o bjectives.Organizing is a management function that 组织typically follows planning and reflects howthe organization tries to accomplish the plan.结构重组directing is the use of influence to motivate 领导，指挥employees to achieve organizational goals.Autocratic leadership, the close style of 专制型领导supervision, means providing subordinateswith detailed job instructions.Democratic leadership, the general 民主性领导supervision, is a management style in whichthe manager consults with subordinates aboutjob activities, problems, and correctiveactions.Controlling is a management function that 控制involves verifying that actual performancematches the plan.Organizational structure is the formal 组织结构decision-making framework by which jobtasks are divided, grouped, and coordinated.Top managers are those who take the 高层管理者responsibility of setting organizational goals,defining strategies for achieving them,monitoring and interpreting the externalenvironment, and making decisions that affectthe entire organization.middle-level managers Middle-level managers are those who receive 中层管理者the broad overall strategies, missions, andobjectives from top-level managers andtranslate them into specific action programs.first-level managerssupervisor managerial roles First-level managers are those who emphasize基层管理者directing and controlling the work ofemployees in order to achieve the team goals.主管（基层管理者）经理人角色figurehead role The manager handles ceremonial and 名誉领袖角色symbolic activities for the department ororganization.liaison role leader role The manager interacts with peers and people 联络人角色inside and outside the organization.The leader role encompasses relationships 领导人角色with subordinates, including motivation, communication, and influence.monitor role The manager receives andinformation from many sources.collects 监听者角色disseminator rolespokesperson roleentrepreneur role disturbance handler roleresource allocator rolenegotiator role conceptual skill human skill technical skill The manager transmits special information 传播者角色into the organization.The manager disseminates the organization ’s 发言人角色information into its environment.The manager initiates change. 企业家角色The manager resolves conflicts among 障碍排除者subordinates or between his/her departmentand other departments.The resource allocator role is about decisions 资源分配者of allocating people, time, equipment, budget,and other resources to attain desiredoutcomes.The manager negotiates on behalf of the 谈判者organization.conceptual skill is the cognitive ability to see 概念技能the organization as a whole and therelationship among its parts.Human skill is the manager ’s ability to work 人际技能with and through other people and to workeffectively as a group member.Technical skill is the understanding of and 技术技能/ 业务技proficiency in the performance of specific 能tasks.Chapter 5 ：Terms productionmanufacturing operationinputstransformationoutputsplant locationproduction process manufacturing process assembly process synthetic process analytic process continuous process intermittent process materials managementEnglish Definition 中文翻译Production is the process of transforming 生产inputs such as raw materials into outputs suchas goods and services.Manufacturing is one part of production 制造which means making goods by hand or withmachinery as opposed to extracting thingsfrom the earth (mining and fishing).Operations are the functions needed to keep 运作the company producing, literally any function orseries of functions introduced to carry out a strategicplan.Inputs to the production process are those 投入品resources that will be needed to produce thedesired goods or services.Transformation consists of those production 改造，转换activities that take the inputs and combinethem in some special way to produce the output.The output is the final result of the productio 产n品process.Plant location can mean the difference 厂址的选定between profit and loss for a firm.生产工艺制造工艺装配工艺合成工艺分解工艺连续性生产工艺机械性生产工艺物料管理materials requirements MRP is a computer-based system that uses 物料需求计划planning (MRP) sales forecasts to make sure that needed partsand materials are available at the right placeand the right time.manufacturing resource MRPII is an advanced version of MRP that 制造资源计划planning （MRPII ）allows plants to include all the resourcesinvolved in the efficient making of a product.enterprise resource ERP is a computer-based production and 企业资源计划planning （ERP）operations system that links multiple firmsinto one integrated production unit.purchasing Purchasing is the function in the company that 采购searches for quality material resources.inventoryinventory control manufacturer distributor wholesaler retailer Inventory refers to a list of goods and 库存materials held available in stock.库存控制制造商分销商批发商零售商Just-in-time （JIT ）The idea is to have suppliers deliver their 准时库存控制inventory control products “just in time” to go on the assemblyline.JIT IIjob schedule A job schedule is the plan for a particular job. 准时库存控制二代工作计划schedulingproduction schedule / factory schedule Scheduling amalgamate several job schedules. 制订计划生产计划/ 工厂计划masterscheduleproduction 主生产计划cross-training workers program evaluation and review technique (PERT) chartcritical pathflexible manufacturing systems (FMS) 综合训练的工人项目评估与审查技术路线图关键路径柔性制造系统computer-aided （CAD）computer-aided design 计算机辅助设计计算机辅助生产manufacturing （CAM）computer-aidedengineering （CAE）计算机辅助工程lean manufacturing Lean manufacturing is the production of 精益生产goods using less of everything compared tomass production.modular construction productivityproductivity measurement performance evaluation组合生产Productivity means the amount of product 生s 产o r 率services produced with the resources used.生产率衡量业绩评估quality The quality of a product or service is a 质量customer ’s perception of the degree to whichthe product or service meets his/herexpectations.quality management Quality management is concerned with 质量管理controlling activities with the aim of ensuring that products and services are fit for purpose and meet the specifications. total quality （TQM ）quality circles management TQM infuses the concept of quality 全面质量管理（QCs ）throughout every activity in a company.A quality circle is a group of 6 to 12 volunteer employees who meet regularly to discuss and solve problems affecting their common work activities.benchmarking is the continuous process of measuring products, services, and practices质量管理小组 benchmarking标杆分析法 against the toughest competitors or those companies recognized as industry l eaders.continuous improvementContinuous improvement is a preferred 持续改进method of innovation and produces effective results.quality control （QC ） QC is the measurement of products and 质量控制quality assurance （QA ） services against set standards. QA is about how a business can design the质量保证 way a product or service is produced ordelivered to minimize the chances that outputwill be sub-standard.Chapter 10 ：Termsinternational tradedomestic trade English DefinitionThe exchange of goods and services international bordersThe exchange of goods and services the borderA country has an absolute advantageacross 中文翻译国际贸易 within 国内贸易 absolute advantagein the绝对优势production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing itcomparative advantagethe ability of a country to produce a particu 相l ar 对优势 good at a lower opportunity cost over another countryexchange rateThe price at which one currency exchanges for another is called exchange rate.汇率 currency depreciation A fall in the value of one currency in term 货s 币o f 贬值 another currencycurrency appreciation A rise in value of one currency another currencyA nation’s balance of paymentssum of all the transactions thatin terms of 货币升值 BOP Payments)(Balanceof (BOP) the take place国际收支between its residents and the residents of allforeign nations.the current account It refers to the net flow of current transactions, 经常账户including goods, services, and interestpayments, between countries.the capital accountthe official accountsum to zero surplusdeficitinternational settlementIt reflects the net change in national 资本账户ownership of assets.reserves The central banks hold quantities of foreign 官方储备账户currencies called official reserves.no overall surplus or deficit, that is, the sum 余额归零of the three components of the BOP mustequal zero.A country’s BOP is said to be in surplus by a 顺差certain amount if sources of funds exceed usesof funds by that amount.A country’s BOP is said to be in deficit by a逆差certain amount if sources of funds are lessthan uses of funds by that amount.trade Ways of payments in the international trade 国际贸易结算letter of credit (L/C) 信用证Bill of lading The bill of lading is issued to the exporter by 提货单the common carrier transporting themerchandise.Draft / Bill of exchange credit check It refers to the instrument normally used in 汇票international commerce to effect payment.信用核查tariff revenue tariff protective tariff It is a tax levied on imports. 关税保护性关税quota An import quota is a direct restriction on the 进口配额quantity of some good that may be importedinto a country.voluntary agreementsembargoregulatory restrictions restraint To avoid the imposition of new tariffs on their 自愿限制协定goods,countriesoftenvoluntarilyrestricttheirexports, which is called voluntary restraintagreements.It is a total restriction on the import or export 禁运of a good.trade Regulatory trade restrictions are indirect 政府监管贸易限制methods adopted by the government toimpose procedural rules that limit imports.capitalist economy 资本主义经济collective economy 集体经济planned economy 计划经济controlled economy 管制经济rural economics 农村经济liberal economy 经济mixed economy 混合经济political economy 政治经济学protectionism 保护主义autarchy 闭关自守primary sector 初级成分private sector 私营成分私营部门public sector 公共部门公共成分economic channels 经济渠道economic balance 经济平衡economic fluctuation 经济波动economic depression 经济衰退economic stability 经济稳定economic policy 经济政策economic recovery 经济复原understanding 约定holding company 控股公司trust 托拉斯cartel 卡特尔rate of growth 增长economic trend 经济趋势economic situation 经济形势infrastructure 基本建设standard of living 生活标准生活水平purchasing power, buying power 购买力scarcity 短缺stagnation 停滞萧条,不景气underdevelopment 不发达underdeveloped 不发达的developing 发展中的initial capital 创办资本frozen capital 冻结资金frozen assets 冻结资产fixed assets 固定资产realestate 不动产,房地产circulating capital, working capital 流动资本available capital 可用资产capital goods 资本货物reserve 准备金储备金calling up of capital 催缴资本allocation of funds 资金分配contribution of funds 资金捐献working capital fund 周转基金revolving fund 循环基金周转性基金contingency fund 意外开支准备金reserve fund 准备金buffer fund 缓冲基金平准基金sinking fund 偿债基金investment 投资资产investor 投资人self-financing 自筹经费经费自给bank 银行current account 经常帐户（美作:checking account ）current-account holder 支票帐户（美作:checking-account holder cheque 支票（美作:check ）bearer cheque, cheque payable t o bearer 无记名支票来人支票crossed cheque 划线支票traveller's cheque 旅行支票chequebook 支票簿支票本（美作:checkbook ）endorsement 背书transfer 转让,转帐过户money 货币issue 发行ready money 现钱cash 现金ready money business, no c redit given 现金交易概不赊欠change 零钱banknote, note 钞票纸币（美作:billto pay incash 付现金domestic currency, l ocal currency] 本国货币convertibility 可兑换性convertible currencies 可兑换货币exchange rate 汇率兑换率foreign exchange 外汇floating exchange rate 浮动汇率free exchange rates 汇兑市场foreign exchange certificate 外汇兑换券hard currency 硬通货speculation 投机saving 储装存款depreciation 减价,贬值devaluation （货币）贬值revaluation 重估价runaway inflation 无法控制的通货膨胀deflation 通货紧缩capital flight 资本外逃securities business 证券市场stock exchange 贡市场stock exchange corporation 证券交易所stock exchange 证券交易所贡交易所quotation 报价,牌价share 股份shareholder, stockholder 贡持有人股东dividend 股息红利cash dividend 现金配股stock investment 贡投资investment trust 投资信托stock-jobber 贡经纪人stock company, stock brokerage firm 证券公司securities 有价证券share, common stock 普通股preference stock 优先股income gain 股利收入issue 发行贡par value 股面价格票面价格bull 买手多头bear 卖手空头assigned 过户opening price 开盘closing price 收盘hard times 低潮business recession 景气衰退doldrums 景气停滞dull 盘整ease 松弛raising limit 涨停板break 暴跌bond, debenture 债券Wall Street 华尔街short term loan 短期贷款long term loan 长期贷款medium term loan 中期贷款lender 债权人creditor 债权人debtor 债务人借方borrower 借方借款人maturity 到期日偿还日amortization 摊销摊还分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款borrowing 借款interest 利息rate of interest 利率Discount 折扣rediscount 再贴现annuity 年金maturity 到期日偿还日amortization 摊销摊还分期偿付redemption 偿还insurance 保险mortgage 抵押allotment 拨款short term credit 短期信贷consolidated debt 合并债务funded debt 固定债务长期债务floating debt 流动债务drawing 提款提存aid 援助allowance, grant, subsidy 补贴,补助金津贴cost 成本费用expenditure, outgoings 开支支出fixed costs 固定成本overhead costs 营业间接成本overheads 杂项开支间接成本operating costs 生产费用营业成本operating expenses 营业费用running expenses 日常费用经营费用miscellaneous costs 杂项费用overhead expenses 间接费用管理费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs 维修费用养护费用transport costs 运输费用social charges 社会负担费用contingent expenses, contingencies 或有费用apportionment of expenses 分摊费用income 收入收益earnings 利润收益gross income, gross earnings 总收入总收益gross profit, gross benefit 毛利总利润利益毛额net income 纯收益净收入收益净额average income 平均收入national income 国收入profitability, profit e arning capacity 利润率赢利率yield 产量收益收益率increase in value, appreciation 增值升值duty 税taxation system 税制taxation 纳税fiscal charges 财务税收progressive taxation 累进税制graduated tax 累进税value added tax 增值税income tax 所得税land tax 地租地价税excise tax 特许权税basis of assessment 估税标准taxable income 须纳税的收入。

编程术语中英文翻译

cleanup 清理、善後清理、清除
candidate function 候选函式候选函数
（在函式多载决议程序中出现的候选函式）
data 资料数据
data member 资料成员、成员变数数据成员、成员变量
data structure 资料结构数据结构
binary tree 二元树二叉树
binary operator 二元运算子二元运算符
binding 系结绑定
derived class 衍生类别派生类
destructor（dtor）解构式析构函数、析构器
device 装置设备
class body 类别本体类体 ?
class declaration 类别宣告、类别宣告式类声明
class definition 类别定义、类别定义式类定义
class derivation list 类别衍化列类继承列表
class head 类别表头类头 ?
class hierarchy 类别继承体系 ?
bit 位元位
bitwise 以 bit 为单元┅、位元逐一┅ ?
bitwise copy 以 bit 为单元进行复制、位元逐一复制位拷贝
access function 存取函式存取函数
address-of operator 取址运算子 & 取地址运算符
algorithm 演算法算法
类别范本局部特制体、类模板部分特化
类别范本局部特殊化
class template specializations
类别范本特制体、类别范本特殊化类模板特化
enclosing class 外围类别（与巢状类别 num (enumeration) 列举（一种 C++ 资料型别）枚举

Definition and Interpretation(定义及解释规则翻译)

Definition and Interpretation（定义及解释规则翻译）翻译实践1. "Affiliate" means any person or company that directly or indirectly controls a Party or is directly or indirectly controlled by a Party, including a Party's parent or subsidiary, or is under direct or indirect common control with such Party. For the purpose of this Agreement, "control" shall mean either the ownership of fifty per cent (50%) or more of the ordinary share capital of the company carrying the right to vote at general meetings or the power to nominate a majority of the board of directors of the Company.2. "Proprietary Know-how" shall mean processes, methods and manufacturing techniques, experience and other information and materials including but not limited to the Technical Information and Technical Assistance supplied or rendered by the Licensor to the Licensee hereunder which have been developed by and are known to the Licensor on the date hereof and/or which may be further developed by the Licensor or become known to it during the continuance of this Agreement excepting, however, any secret know-how acquired by the Licensor from third parties which the Licensor is precluded from disclosing to the Licensee.3. "Proprietary Information" means the information, whether patentable or not, disclosed to the CJV by either Party or its Affiliates or disclosed by the CJV to either Party or its Affiliates during the term of this Contract, including technology, inventions, creations, know-how, formulations, recipes, specifications, designs, methods, processes, techniques, data, rights, devices, drawings, instructions, expertise, trade practices, trade secrets and such commercial, economic, financial or other information as is generally treated as confidential by the disclosing Party, its Affiliates, or the CJV, as the case may be; provided that when such information is in unwritten or intangible form, the disclosing Party, its Affiliates or the CJV shall, within one month of making the disclosure, provide the other Partyand/or the CJV with a written confirmation that such information constitutes its Proprietary Information.4. "Encumbrances" include any option, right to acquire, right of preemption, mortgage, charge, pledge, lien, hypothecation, title creation, right of set-off, counterclaim, trust arrangement or other security or any equity or restriction (including any relevant restriction imposed under the relevant law).5. In this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires:a) headings are for convenience only and shall not affect the interpretation - 27 -of this Agreement;b) words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa; c) words importing a gender include any gender;d) an expression importing a natural person includes any company, partnership, joint venture, association, corporation or other body corporate and any governmental agency;e) a reference to any law, regulation or rule includes all laws, regulations, or rules amending, consolidating or replacing them, and a reference to a law includes all regulations and rules under that law;f) a reference to a document includes an amendment or supplement to, or replacement or novation of, that document;g) a reference to a party to any document includes that party's successors and permitted assigns;h) a reference to an agreement includes an undertaking, agreement or legally enforceable arrangement or understanding whether or not in writing;i) a warranty, representation, undertaking, indemnity, covenant or agreement on the part of two or more persons binds them jointly and severally; andj) the schedules, annexures and appendices to this Agreement shall form an integral part of this Agreement.参考译文:定义、解释1. “关联公司”指直接或间接控制一方(包括其母公司或子公司)或受一方直接或间接控制，或与该方共同受直接或间接控制的任何人或公司。

chemical terms翻译

chemical terms翻译化学术语是指在化学领域中使用的特定术语和名词。

以下是一些常见的化学术语及其中英文对照例句：1. 元素 (Element):- Definition: 物质由同一种原子组成的纯粹形式。

- Example: 氢是最轻的元素，其原子量为1。

(Hydrogen is the lightest element with an atomic mass of 1.)2. 化合物 (Compound):- Definition: 由两种或更多不同元素的原子以固定比例结合而成的物质。

- Example: 水是由氢和氧元素结合而成的化合物。

(Water is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen elements.)3. 反应 (Reaction):- Definition: 化学物质之间发生的变化，导致新物质的形成。

- Example: 燃烧是一种氧化反应，它将燃料转化为二氧化碳和水。

(Combustion is an oxidation reaction that converts fuel into carbon dioxide and water.)4. 酸 (Acid):- Definition: 一种具有酸性的化学物质，可产生氢离子（H+）。

- Example: 柠檬汁中含有柠檬酸，它赋予酸味。

(Lemon juicecontains citric acid, which gives it a sour taste.)5. 碱 (Base):- Definition: 一种具有碱性的化学物质，可产生氢氧根离子（OH-）。

- Example: 氨水是一种碱性溶液，可中和酸。

(Ammonia solution is a basic solution that can neutralize acids.)6. 盐 (Salt):- Definition: 由阴离子和阳离子组成的化合物。

1.DefinitionofTranslation翻译的定义

1. Definition of Translation 翻译的定义Down through the ages, people’s definitions of translation are diversified. It differs from person to person, it evolves with time. Changes of the world also helped to shape the connotation of translation. From the following definitions, you may have a glimpse of what translation is.﹒Translating is both a craft and an art, that is to say, it involves an accurate andcontrolled manipulation of language, tempered by a degree of freedom,imagination and creativeness.﹒Transferring the meaning of a stretch or unit of language, the whole part of astretch or unit of language, the whole part of a text, from one language toanother.﹒Translation is like busy matchmakers: they sing the praises of some half-veiled beauty and extol her charms, and arouse an irresistible longing for the original.（歌德）﹒The replacement of textual material in one language (ST) by equivalent textual material in another (TL) (Catford, 1965:20)﹒Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closestequivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and second in terms of style (Nida&Taber1969)Assignment 1What is your idea of “meaning” and “style” of Nida’s work? What is the connotation of style ? Exercise:If you were given two poems, one is by Li Bai (李白) , the other is by Dufu (杜甫) can you differentiate them, what is the author’s habitual use of the language? Similarly, if you were offered two pomes, one by Li Qingzhao (李清照)，the other by Xin Qiji(辛弃疾)，could you differentiate them?2. Principles and Criteria of Translation翻译的原则和标准The so-called principles and criteria of translation are actually the two aspects of the same thing. The former lays emphasis on the translator, who should follow these principles while translating; while the latter on the reader or critic, who may use the criteria to evaluate translation. Whenever principles or criteria of translation are under discussion in China, Y an Fu’s “three-character guide”, which was first proposed in 1898, would be mentioned, namely the principle of “信、达、雅”(faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance).In the past decades, Mr. Y an’s principle of translation has been generally regarded as a plumb-line for measuring the professional level of translation and a goal fortranslators to strive after. However, in the application of this principle, people have come to find some limitations to the three characters and put forward a variety of new standards instead.Three kinds of opinions are expressed on the principle of faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. The first group maintains the original three characters, and in the meantime, adds some new concepts to the character “雅”. According to them, “雅”means far more than the English word “elegance”. Apart from the traditional interpretation, it also means classicism, and the adherence to the original style and flavor. The second group, however, argues that the word “雅” is out of place in tradition. While adopting the first two characters of Mr. Y an Fu’s principle, they discard the character “雅” and try to find some other new criteria instead. Noticeably, there are revisions such as “信、达、切” (faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness), “信、达、贴” (faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness), and so on. The third group of people, by casting away the three-word guide, proposes some new principles or criteria of translation of their own. Of the various popular theories, two of them are the most influential: spiritual conformity (神似) and sublimed adaptation (化境), the former, proposed by Fu Lei (傅雷) , emphasizes the reproduction of the spirit or the flavor of the original, while the latter, advocate by Qian Zhongshu (钱钟书), focuses on the translator’s smooth and idiomatic Chinese version for the sake of the Chinese reader.Despite the variety of opinions, two criteria are almost unanimously accepted, namely the criteria of faithfulness and accuracy (忠实准确) and that of smoothness (流畅). We may also take these tow criteria as the principles of translation in general. By faithfulness and accuracy, we mean to be faithful not only to the original contents, to the original meaning and views, but also to the original form and style. By smoothness, we mean not only easy and readable rendering, but also idiomatic expressions in the target language, free from stiff formula and mechanically copying from dictionaries.Assignment 2Exercise: 对比原文与译文，探讨忠实与通顺的关系1) All your moods are created by your thoughts o r “cognitions. “Y ou feel the way you do right now because of the thoughts you have at this moment. ”所有的情绪都是由思维产生的，或者说来源于“认识”，“你之所以感到这么做是对的，那是因为你的大脑就是这么想的。

Term 术语

Version 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. This paper is not for re-sale. www.prince-offi c PRINCE2:2009 Glossary - Chinese / E nglish(术语表–中英文对照)Document Ow ner –Helen Yu/Collis BoucherVersion 1.1 (Status – Li v e)Date of last update – 6 August 2009© The AP M Group 2009. 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英语翻译分译法

2. 单词分译
1). They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all. 他们根本没有答复，这是不足为奇的。（分译副词） 2). He tried vainly to talk us into agreement with the unrealistic proposal. 他试图劝说我们同意接受这项不切实际的建议，但还是白费了力气。（副词的分译） 3). No longer are the problems which they foresaw lodged safely in some distant future. 他们所预见到的问题，必须马上解决，否则今后就会出麻烦了。（副词的分译） 4). Jordan cannot politely turn down the invitation to an Arab foreign ministers conference. 约旦如拒绝接受阿拉伯外长会议的邀请，这在礼貌上也说不过去。（副词的分译） 5). She was pardonably proud of her wonderful cooking. 她自夸她有高超的烹调技艺，这是情有可原的。（副词的分译）
15). A cold that rapidly grew worse caused his unlamented return to Paris. 他得了感冒，而且越来越厉害，便只好回巴黎去了，但对他的离去谁也没有感到遗憾。（分词的分译） 16). Mr. Brown is an old hand at business. He always succeeds. But occasionally, through haste or carelessness, mistakes are made, so that his factory breaks. 布朗先生是做生意的老手，他经常是成功的。但偶尔也有这种情况，由于仓促匆忙或者粗心大意而造成错误而导致他的工厂的破产。（副词的分译）

大学英语翻译概论

01
诗歌翻译三美原则：意美、音美、形美
02
Beauty in Sense, Sound, Style
许渊冲
美国奈达 Eugene Nida: 读者反应论
01
(Receptor’s response)
02
忠实原文
03
易于理解
04
形式恰当
05
吸引读者
06
01
Equivalence
与原文作用相符（表达方面的等值）
01
02
国际译联主席Betty Cohen：Never in history have we been so indispensable to trade, culture, peace, and humanity…Just imagine one day in the world without translation…would all be mute. We are like the electricity in the wires and the water in the tap.
04
A musician / an actor
03
关于译者的比喻：
2.The purpose of translation
交流信息，克服语言障碍
01
特定文本的翻译具有其特定的目的，有其预设的读者群
04
学习其他语言的文化和文明，帮助向更高的文明发展
02
帮助经济、政治等各方面的交流和发展
03
Translatability and untranslatability (Language / Cultural Barriers) Translatability is lower when (1) the work to be translated is quite distant both in time and space; (2) its form is very much unique; (3) the content is not shared in the two cultures.

研究生医学英语Unit 2翻译

3 Unit 2Definition and Classification of Pneumonia 肺炎的定义和分类When the word pneumonia is used in medical practice, it almost always refers to a syndrome caused by acute infection, usually bacterial, that is characterized by clinical and/or radiographic /ˌreɪdɪəʊˈgræfɪk/放射影像学signs of consolidation/kənˌsɒlɪˈdeɪʃ(ə)n/ 实质、实变of a part or parts of one or both lungs. The use of the term has however been greatly extended to include non-bacterial infection of the lungs caused by a wide variety of microorganisms. Pneumonitis /ˌnjuːməʊˈnaɪtɪs/ is occasionally used as a synonym /ˈsɪnənɪm/同义词for pneumonia, particularly when inflammation炎症/ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ of the lung has resulted from a non-infectious cause such as in chemical or radiation injury.当肺炎这个词在医疗实践中使用时，它几乎总是指由急性感染引起的综合征，通常是细菌感染，临床上和/或放射学上的以肺部分或单肺弥漫性或双肺弥漫性实变为特征。

英语专业翻译unit1

• 严复
– 《天演论》Evolution and Ethics and other essays 天演论》天演论 (T.H. Huxley郝胥黎郝胥黎) 郝胥黎
• 鲁迅《死魂灵》Dead Souls《毁灭》《浊流》 200多部 • 茅盾《医生》四十种外国文学译著，240余篇译文 • 郭沫若三十余种
• 明末清初的科技翻译:
– 1607 , 徐光启、利马窦 ( Matteo Ricci) 《几何原本》古希腊人欧几里得 Euclid 《几何原本》 Elements
• 林纾林纾(1852～1924) ～
– – – – La Dame aux Camelias, 《巴黎茶花女遗事》巴黎茶花女遗事》 Uncle Tom’s Cabin 《黑奴呼天录》；黑奴呼天录》； David Copperfield《块肉余生述》; 《块肉余生述》 Hamlet《王子复仇记》《鲁滨逊飘流记》《王子复仇记》
Translation is indispensable to civilization.
• 西欧文明：“归功于翻译者”
• 季羡林《中国翻译词典》： “中华文化这一条
长河，…… 但却从未枯竭。原因是有新水注入 ….。最大的有两次，一次是从印度来的水，一次是从西方来的水。而这两次的大注入依靠的都是翻译翻译。中华文化之所以翻译能常葆青春，万应灵药就是翻译翻译。” 翻译
• Comments: 明确--- task
• “翻译”
– 《辞海》《汉语大词典》
--- “把一种语言文字的意
义用另一种语言文字表达出来。”
• 在两种语言间转换意义
complicated “meaning”
• 刘宓庆《现代翻译理论》“语际意义”---六种:概念（主题）

数值分析中常用数学词汇英中文对照翻译.

数值分析中常用数学词汇英中文对照abbreviation 简写符号;简写absolute error 绝对误差absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速accumulation 累积accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作用; 作用力add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律additive property 可加性adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式;代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择一假设; 备择假设; 另一假设analysis 分析;解析angle 角anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数;反对数anti-symmetric 反对称approach 接近;趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似;略计;逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积argument (1论证; (2辐角argument of a function 函数的自变量arithmetic 算术array 数组; 数组ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assumption 假定;假设asymmetrical 非对称asymptote 渐近augmented matrix 增广矩阵average 平均;平均数;平均值axiom 公理back substitution 回代base (1底;(2基;基数basis 基belong to 属于bias 偏差;偏倚billion 十亿binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary system 二进制binomial 二项式bisection method 分半法;分半方法boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界(线;边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的;上有界的bounded below 有下界的;下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度calculation 计算calculator 计算器;计算器calculus (1 微积分学; (2 演算cancel 消法;相消Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标category 类型;范畴centre 中心;心chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of base 基的变换change of variable 换元;变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征方程characteristic function 特征(征函数characteristic root 特征(征根chart 图;图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算circle 圆classification 分类clockwise direction 顺时针方向clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coefficient 系数cofactor 余因子; 余因式coincide 迭合;重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面column (1列;纵行;(2 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common denominator 同分母;公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数;公约common factor 公因子;公因子common multiple 公位数;公倍comparable 可比较的complement 余;补余completing the square 配方complex number 复数complex number plane 复数平面complex root 复数根component 分量composite function 复合函数; 合成函数computation 计算computer 计算机;电子计算器concept 概念conclusion 结论condition 条件conditional 条件句;条件式conjugate 共轭constant 常数constant of integration 积分常数constraint 约束;约束条件continuity 连续性continuous function 连续函数contradiction 矛盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数convex 凸convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correspondence 对应counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向;返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数;计数criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cube 正方体;立方;立方体cubic 三次方;立方;三次(的 cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 单位的立方根cumulative 累积的curve 曲线decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制definite integral 定积分definition 定义degree (1 度; (2 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of ODE 常微分方程次数delete 删除; 删去denary number 十进数denominator 分母dependence (1相关; (2应变derivable 可导derivative 导数determinant 行列式diagonal 对角线diagonal matrix 对角矩阵difference 差difference equation 差分方程differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分方程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量网; 维(数direction 方向; 方位discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的;连续(的; 不连续(的discontinuous point 不连续点discrete 分立; 离散distance 距离diverge 发散divergence 发散(性divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divide 除dividend (1被除数;divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数;除式;因子dot 点dot product 点积echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量element 元素elementary row operation 基本行运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法;消元法empty set 空集equivalent 等价(的error 误差error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项estimate 估计;估计量evaluate 计值exact 真确exact solution 准确解;精确解;真确解exact value 法确解;精确解;真确解example 例expand 展开experiment 实验;试验experimental 试验的exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数express…in terms of… 以………表达extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值factor 因子;因式;商factor method 因式分解法factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解;因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的falsehood 假值finite 有限finite sequence 有限序列first derivative 一阶导数first order differential equation 一阶微分方程fixed point 不动点fixed point iteration method 不动点迭代法for all X 对所有X for each /every X 对每一Xform 形式;型format 格式;规格formula(formulae 公式fraction 分数;分式function 函数fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理Gaussian elimination 高斯消去法general form 一般式;通式general solution 通解;一般解general term 通项given 给定;已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极大值; 整体极大值global minimum 全局极小值; 整体极小值gradient (1斜率;倾斜率;(2梯度graph 图像;图形;图表graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示;以图样表达graphical solution 图解growth 增长higher order derivative 高阶导数horizontal 水平的;水平hypothesis 假设identity 等(式identity matrix 恒等矩阵if and only if/iff 当且仅当;若且仅若if…, then 若….则;如果…..则illustration 例证;说明image 像点;像imaginary number 虚数implicit function 隐函数imply 蕴涵;蕴含improper integral 广义积分; 非正常积分increase 递增;增加indefinite integral 不定积分independence 独立;自变inequality 不等式;不等inequality sign 不等号infinite 无限;无穷infinite sequence 无限序列;无穷序列infinite series 无限级数;无穷级数infinitesimal 无限小;无穷小infinity 无限(大;无穷(大initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件;初值条件initial value 初值;始值initial-value problem 初值问题inner product 内积input 输入integer 整数integral 积分integrate 积;积分;......的积分integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法;换元积分法interchange 互换intermediate value theorem 介值定理interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值interval 区间intuition 直观invalid 失效;无效invariance 不变性invariant (1不变的;(2不变量;不变式inverse 反的;逆的inverse function 反函数;逆函数inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵iterate (1迭代值; (2迭代iteration 迭代iterative method 迭代法known 己知Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗日插值多项代leading coefficient 首项系数leading diagonal 主对角线lemma 引理limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限line of best-fit 最佳拟合line segment 线段linear 线性;一次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分方程linear equation 线性方程;一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程;二元线性方程linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性无关的local maximum 局部极大(值local minimum 局部极小(值logic 逻辑long division method 长除法loop 回路lower bound 下界lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式magnitude 量;数量;长度;大小mantissa 尾数matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵方程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差mean value theorem 中值定理method of completing square 配方法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最小二乘法; 最小平方法method of substitution 代换法;换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法minimize 极小minus 减modulus of a complex number 复数的模monomial 单项式multiple 倍数multiple root 多重根multiplication 乘法multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数;乘式multiply 乘mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直n factorial n阶乘n th derivative n阶导数n th root n次根;n次方根n the root of unity 单位的n次根natural logarithm 自然对数necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negative 负neighborhood 邻域Newton-Cote's rule 牛顿- 高斯法则Newton-Raphson's method 牛顿- 纳逊方法Newton's formula 牛顿公式Newton's method 牛顿方法non-linear 非线性non-linear equation 非线性方程non-negative 非负的non-singular (1满秩的; (2非奇异的non-singular matrix 满秩矩阵non-trivial 非平凡的non-zero 非零norm 模方; 范数normal (1垂直的;正交的;法线的(2正态的(3正常的;正规的normalize 正规化normalized form 标准型notation 记法;记号null 零; 空null set 空集null vector 零向量number 数numerator 分子numerical method 计算方法;数值法objective function 目标函数octant 卦限odd function 奇函数one-to-one 一个对一个one-one correspondence 一一对应operation 运算order of a matrix 矩阵的阶ordinary differential equation 常微分方程origin 原点orthogonal 正交orthogonality 正交性 outcome 结果 output 输出 parameter 参数；参变量parametric equation 参数方程 partition 分割; 划分 periodic function 周期函数permutation 排列 perpendicular 垂线；垂直(于 phase 相; 位相 pivot 支点 plot 绘图plus 加 point 点 polynomial 多项式 polynomial equation 多项式方程 positive 正 post-multiply 后乘; 自右乘 premultiply 前乘; 自左乘 prime 素 product 乘积；积 proper integral 正常积分 property 性质 quadratic convergence 二阶收敛性 quadratic formula 二次公式 quadratic function 二次函数 quadratic inequality 二次不等式 quadrature 求积法 quadrilateral 四边形 quotient 商；商式 quotient rule 商法则 R.H.S 右 rank 秩 rate of convergence 收敛率 ratio 比 ; 比率 rational function 有理函数 real number 实数 real part 实部 real root 实根 reciprocal 倒数 rectangle 长方形；矩形 recurrence formula 递推公式 recurrent 循环的 recurring decimal 循环小数 reduce 简化 region 区域 region of convergency 收敛区域 regular 正；规则 relative error 相对误差 remainder term 余项root 根 rotation 旋转 rounded number 舍数 rounding(off 舍入；四舍五入 row 行；棋行 row vector 行向量; 行矢量 rule 规则；法(则 satisfy 满足；适合 scalar 纯量; 无向量, 标量 scalar matrix 纯量矩阵 scale 比例尺；标度；图尺 scientific notation 科学记数法 secant (1正割; (2割线 secant method 正割法 second derivative 二阶导数 second order ordinary differential equation 二阶常微分方程 sentence 句；语句 sequence 序列series 级数 set 集 shaded portion 有阴影部分 shape 形状 shear 位移 side 边；侧 sign 符号；记号 signed number 有符号数 significant figure 有效数字 signum 正负号函数similar 相似 simplify 简化 Simpson's integral 森逊积分 Simpson's rule 森逊法则singular 奇的 singular matrix 奇异矩阵; 不可逆矩阵 span 生成 square (1平方；(2正方形 square bracket 方括号square matrix 方(矩阵 stability 稳度 stationary 平稳 stationary point 平稳点; 逗留点; 驻点 straight line 直线 subset 子集 substitute 代入 substitution 代入; 代入法subtract 减 subtraction 减法 successive approximation 逐次逼近法 successive derivative 逐次导数 successive differentiation 逐次微分法 sufficiency 充份性 sufficient and necessary condition 充要条件 sufficient condition 充份条件 sufficiently close 充份接近suffix 下标 sum 和 summation 求和法; 总和 symbol 符号; 记号 symmetry 对称; 对称性Taylor’s expansion 泰勒展开式 term 项 transpose 移项；转置 transpose of matrix 倒置矩阵；转置矩阵 trapezium 梯形 trapezoidal integral 梯形积分 trapezoidal rule 梯形法则 trial 试；试验 triangle 三角形 triangular matrix 三角矩阵 trigonometric equation 三角方程 trigonometric function 三角函数 triple 三倍 trivial solution 平凡解truncation error 截断误差 undefined 未下定义(的 undetermined coefficient 待定系数unequal 不等 unique solution 唯一解 uniqueness 唯一性 unit 单位 unit area 单位面积unit circle 单位圆 unknown 未知数；未知量 upper bound 上界 upper limit 上限 upper triangular matrix 上三角形矩阵 validity 真确性; 有效性 variable 变项；变量；元；变元；变数 vector 向量; 矢量 vector function 向量函数; 矢量函数 vector product 矢量积; 矢量积 vector space 向量空间 verify 证明；验证 weight (1重量；(2权 weighted average, weighted mean 加权平均数 without loss of generality 不失一般性 x-axis x 轴x-coordinate x 坐标 x-intercept x 轴截距 y-axis y 轴 y-coordinate y 坐标 y-intercept y轴截距 zero 零 zero factor 零因子 zero matrix 零矩阵 zero vector 零向量 zeros of a function 函数零值。

公证书错误翻译

篇一：关于公证书的翻译模板关于公证书的翻译模板(certificado notarial)【纯属个人经验总结，如有雷同纯属巧合】如有错误，感谢指出！2010-11-21 20:55| (分类:译心译意) 公证书certificadonotarial（2010）京李默外民证字第46338号(2010)j.l.m.w.m.z.z.n. °46338兹证明xx（女，一九七八年九月五日出生，公民身份证号码：xxxxxxxx）于二ο一ο年十月十五日来到我处，在我的面前，在前面的《声明书》上签名。

por el presentese hace constar que xx (de sexo femenino, nacida el 5 de septiembre de 1978, su número de carnet de identidad: xxxxxxxx), ella vino a nuestra notaría al 15 de octubrede 2010, y ante mí, firmó en la precedente carta de declaración.二ο一ο年十月十五日al 15 de octubrede 2010中华人民共和国北京市李默公证处notaría limo delmunicipio de beijingrepúblicapopular china公证员：李默notario:li mo篇二：女生留学翻译出错怒诉公证处并将其告上法庭女生留学翻译出错怒诉公证处并将其告上法庭时间： 2014-01-06 09:06中国法院网讯(李媛洁) 家住广西钦州市一蔺姓女大学生，本怀揣一颗出国深造的梦想，兴冲冲跑去公证处办理出国留学手续，岂料，因为公证处翻译出了差错让她痛失了出国留学的机会，该女学生一怒之下将公证处告上了法庭。

翻译的定义和内涵.

翻译的定义和内涵：（Definition and Connotation）Translation is an art/ a science/ a craft?翻译是―把—种语言文字的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来‖（《现代汉语词典》）。

1.美国的《韦氏新大学辞典》给翻译的定义是：翻成本族语言或另一种语言(to turn intoone’s own language or another language)。

2.苏联语言学家巴尔胡达罗夫在《语言与翻译》中说，翻译是―把一种语言的连贯性话语在保持共内容即意义的情况下改变为另一种语言的连贯性话语的过程‖。

c.英国著名翻译教育家纽马克(Peter Newmark)则认为, 翻译是按作者的创作意图把一篇文章的意思用另一种语言描述出来的过程(It is rendering the meaning of a text intoanother language in the way that the author intended in the text.) (A Textbook ofTranslation)。

我国著名革命家兼文学家瞿秋白说：―翻译应当把原文的本意，完全正确地介绍结中国读者，使中国读者所得到的概念等于英俄日德法……读者从原文得来的概念……‖等等。

唐朝(618—907)贾公彦在《义疏》中对翻译作了明确的界定：―译即易，谓换易言语使相解也。

‖宋代(960一1279)法云(I 088~1158)在其所编《翻译名义集》自序中进一步指出：―夫翻译者，谓翻梵天之语转成汉地之言。

音虽似别，义则大同。

‖这就是说，翻译即将一种语言——源出语(the source language)转换成另一种语言——目的语(the target language)或曰接受语(the receptor language)，而意义保持或大抵保持不变。

著名英国学者约翰逊博士(Dr. Samuel Johnson, 1709~1784)对翻译也作过类似的界说；To translate is ―to change into another language, retainingthe sense‖。