初中宾语从句用法及考点

宾语从句

宾语从句是初中英语课本中一个重要语法项目，要学好宾语从句，必须注意以下几点：

一概念

在复合带句中作主句宾语的句子叫宾语从句。

二连接词

1、宾语从句本身是个陈述句，我们用that 引导，that无词意。

I hope (that) he will come tomorrow.

I don't think (that) he is come.

We all say (that) he is a clever boy.

2、宾语从句本身是一般疑问句，我们用if和whether引导，其含义为是否。

He asked me if/whether I was a teacher.

I don’t know if/whether he will come this evening.

3、宾语从句本身是特殊疑问句，我们用其疑问词引导，其含义为原有的词意。

Do you know when we shall go?

He tried to find out who is the girl’s father.

Can you tell me how long a person can live without food?

三宾语从句的位置

宾语从句一般在及物动词和介词之后及部分常见的形容词之后。这些形容词通常有afraid,glad,sure等。

1、动词后的宾语从句

I think (that) he is a good boy.

Do you know where he is from?

He asked me if/whether I could help him.

2、介词后的宾语从句

He always think of how he can do more for people.

We are talking about where we will go next.

It all depends on whether it rains or not.

3、“be+形容词”之后的宾语从句

I’m afraid (that) I will be late for school.

I’m not sure if/whether I pass the exam.

I’m glad (that) you enjoyed the meal.

Teachers are worried (that) there are too many fast food restaurants around.

四宾语从句的语序

1、宾语从句本身是个陈述句时，语序不变，连接词用that，that可以省略。

He is a clever boy. 他是个聪明的男孩。

We all say (that) he is a clever boy.

我们都说他是个聪明的男孩。

He was born in 2000. 他生于2000年。

I know (that) he was born in 2000.

我知道他生于2000年。

2、宾语从句本身是一般疑问句时，从句变成陈述句语序，连接词用if 或whether 。 Do you study English at school? 你们在学校学习英语吗？

I wonder if (whether) he was a student. 我想知道你们在学校是否学英语？ Will they succeed?他们会成功吗？ I'm not sure if (whether) they will succeed. 我不能确信他们是否会成功。

3、宾语从句本身是特殊疑问句时，从句变陈述句语序，保留原来的疑问词作为连词。 Where were you born ? 你在哪儿出生？ I wonder where you were born..

我想知道你在哪儿出生。 Who is the girl in a red dress? 穿红色连衣裙的女孩是谁？

Do you know who the girl in a red dress ? 你知道穿红色连衣裙的女孩是谁吗？ What is he ? 他是干什么的？

Please tell me what he is . 请告诉我他是干什么的。 When will he leave for China? 他什么时候去中国？

They asked me when he would leave for China. 他们问我他什么时候去中国。 How many books does he have? 他有多少本书？

I don't know how many books he has 。 我不知道他有多少本书。

五 宾语从句的时态

在宾语从句中，主句和从句的时态要保持一致。当主句时态为现在时态时，从句可用现在时的任何时态。当主句时态为过去时态时，从句一般只能用表示过去的某种时态。

特殊：如果从句表示某个客观真理、自然现象时，不管主句是什么，从句均用一般现在时。

Mum told me (that) the earth goes round the sun when I was young..

he will go to Beijing tomorrow. (一般将来时） Tom watched TV last night. (一般过去时） Mary has seen this film twice. (现在完成时） Jane is singing an English song in the hall. （现在进行时） His father is a good teacher. (一般现在时） I know