英语翻译基础

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翻译硕士MIT《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案

翻译硕士MIT《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案

《英语翻译基础》样题参考答案I. Directions:Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one pint for each. (30’)1. 亚太经贸合作组织2. 东南亚国家联盟3. 首席财务官4. 消费价格指数5. 邮政特快专递6. 联邦调查局7. 全球定位系统8. 首次公开募股9. 北大西洋公约组织10. 国际货币基金组织11. 最惠国12. 知识产权13. 注册会计师14. 欧洲自由贸易联盟15. 国际原子能机构16. mortgage loan17. health-care food18. the bonded zone19. bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency20. (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival21. tertiary industry; service sector22. a state with an adequate legal system23. international common practice24. cash on delivery25. enterprises running in the red/under deficit26. downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency27. conglomeration and merger of enterprises28. retain the job but suspend the salary29. special drawing rights (SDR; SDRs)30. market accessII. Directions:Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, itstarg et language is English (120’).英译汉:一位内科医生每次给新病人看病时脑子里就会响起一个刺耳的声音:我要是诊断错了该怎么办?我是个蹩脚的医生。

英语翻译基础--英汉互译名词解释

英语翻译基础--英汉互译名词解释

英语翻译基础--英汉互译名词解释英语翻译基础--英汉互译名词解释1、国际组织类已经考过的:apec,国际货币基金组织,G20,世界银行,世贸组织,EU,WTO,关税总协定,安理会常任理事国,CDED,IAEA,ASEM,UNICEF,ASEAN,OECD,APEC,前苏联可能要考的:联合国、联合国大会/联大、联合国安全理事会、欧盟、东盟、阿盟、非盟、20国集团、亚太经合组织、北约、上合组织、金砖四国、八国集团首脑会议、经合组织、关税及贸易组织、石油输出国组织/欧佩克、国际奥委会、国际足球联合会、国际原子能机构、核供应国集团、禁止化学武器组织、国际能源机构、博鳌亚洲论坛、英联邦、独联体、欧洲委员会、世界卫生组织、世界知识产权组织、世界旅游组织、联合国粮食及农业组织、联合国教科文组织、联合国儿童基金会、国际劳工组织、国际标准化组织、国际红十字会、亚太空间合作组织、欧洲货币联盟、国际复兴开发银行/世界银行、亚洲开发银行、非洲开发银行、欧洲中央银行、欧洲复兴发展银行、美洲开发银行/泛美开发银行、伊斯兰开发银行、不结盟运动、巴黎俱乐部、南方中心、阿拉伯各国议会联盟、拉丁美洲议会、海湾合作委员会、联合国工业发展组织、联合国开发计划署、联合国环境署、世界动物卫生组织、世界穆斯林大会、世界气象组织、世界和平理事会、国际金融公司、国际海事组织、国际民用航空组织、国际开发协会、国际商会、国际贸易中心、国际捕鲸委员会、阿拉伯石油输出国组织、太平洋岛国论坛、SCO、UNSC、OECD、OIE、OPEC、FAO、UNESCO、UNCF、UNIDO、UNDP、UNEP、UNCDF、UNCTAD、WHO、WMO、GATT、WIPO、WPC、ILO、IMF、IOC、IPC、ISO、ICC、IAEA、NATO、OPEC、EEC、NAM、UNCITRAL、UNDP、UNEP、UNIDO、WB、WCO、WEC、WFC、WFP、WTO、EMU (European Monetary Union)、PLO(PalestineLiberationOrganization)巴勒斯坦解放组织、EFTA/欧洲自由贸易联盟2、中国政府机关名词已经考过的:全国人民代表大会,政协,npc、可能要考的:主席团、常务委员会、办公厅、秘书处、中央军事委员会、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、国务院、外交部、国防部、国家发展计划委员会、教育部、科学技术部、国家科学技术工业委员会、国家安全部、监察部、民政部、司法部、财政部、人事部、劳动和社会保障部、国土资源部、建设部、铁路部、交通部、信息产业部、水利部、农业部、对外贸易经济合作部、文化部、卫生部、国家计划生育委员会、中国人民银行、国家审计署、国务院办公厅、国务院研究室、新闻办公室、海关总署、国家税务总局、国家环境保护总局、中国民用航空总局、caac、国家广播电影电视总局、国家体育总局、国家统计局、国家工商行政管理局、新闻出版署、国家版权局、国家林业局、国家质量技术监督局、国家药品监督管理局、国家知识产权局、国家旅游局、新华通讯社、中国科学院、中国社会科学院、中国工程院、中国地震局、中国气象局、中国证券监督管理委员会、国家轻工业局、国家纺织工业局、国家海洋局、国家测绘局、国家外汇管理局、国家出入境检验检疫局、中国共产党中央委员会、中央政治局、CPPCC、中央政治局常务委员会、中央书记处、中央军事委员会、中央办公厅、中央组织部、中央宣传部、中央统一战线部、中央对外联络部、中央政策研究室、中央党校、中央翻译局、中央档案馆、中国人民政治协商会议、中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会、中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会、中国共产党、中国国民党革命委员会(民革)、中国民主同盟(民盟)、中国民主建国会(民建)、中国民主促进会(民进)、九三学社3、美国《时代》周刊评出年度热词已经考过的:defacto,Neet,unfriend,somebody'scupoftea,givethefloorto,thein-thing,infortainment,可能要考的:Vuvuzela/呜呜祖拉、TopKill/JunkShot/StaticKill/T opHat顶部封杀/垃圾弹/静态封杀/盖帽法、深水地平线/DeepwaterHorizon、Bedbugs/臭虫、Eyjafjallajokull/冰岛火山、Austerity/节衣缩食/欧洲紧缩政策、AnchorBabies/定锚婴儿、MamaGrizzlies/棕熊妈妈军团、ReleasetheKraken/释放海妖、Double-dip/二次探底、Bungabunga/强行侵犯俘虏/意大利总理贝卢斯科尼举办的性派对、海地地震、维基解密、援救智利矿工、巴基斯坦特大洪灾、朝鲜半岛局势、也门/反恐战争新前线、基地组织、主权债务/sovereigndebt、实体经4、科技发明类已经考过的:HDTV,CPU,显示器,小排量汽车可能要考的:Semiconductor/半导体、5、近年重大疾病类已经考过的:CBS,TheGuardian,FIT,新华社、CCTV可能要考的:CBC、BBC、ABC、CNN、AP/Associated Press、美联社、路透社、全国广播公司(NBC )、哥伦比亚广播公司(CBS)、美国广播公司(ABC)、美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)、福克斯新闻频道(FOX NEWS)、日本广播协会(NHK)、半岛电视台(Al Jazeera)、加拿大广播公司(CBC)、澳大利亚广播公司(ABC)、东京广播公司(TBS)、韩国kbs电视台(KBS)、家庭影院频道(HBO)、[V]音乐台(channelv)、探索频道(discovery)、美国音乐电视频道(MTV)、NPR(National Public Radio)美国全国公共电台、7、美国之音常用新闻词汇已经考过的:commuter/乘车上班族、lipsynching/假唱、入境签证,Commuter,爵士摇滚,可能要考的:intangibleculturalheritage/非物质文化遗产、holdoff/保持距离、barrage/接连发问sound-detectiongear:声音探测器spam:垃圾邮件hideout:藏身点snap:仓促的coupplotter:政变策划者stemcell:干细胞playup:大肆渲染graffiti:涂鸦feverpitch:高度兴奋,狂热overstaff:人员过多peacesaboteur:和平破坏者comatose:昏迷的crackdown:取缔,制裁down-to-earth:实际的切实的BallisticMissileTest:弹道导弹试验Ordeal:严峻的考验Kidnapper:拐子、绑匪AtomicNucleus:原子核ConfidenceVote:信任票Denuclearization:非核化Blast:爆炸,冲击波GreenBeltMovement:绿带运动Argumentative:爱争论的Cram:塞满、拥挤SnapPoll:即席调查Premature:过早的,仓促的Paralyzed:瘫痪的LiftAnEmbargo:解除禁运Barbecuestoppage:中止;中断abstention:弃权clinicaltrial:临床试验ChrysanthemumThrone:天皇王位VaccinateBlockbusterMascotSleasyCULLOutofwhackhotwords:fie ldworkriotRedtape:繁文缛节ColdfrontAbduct:诱拐,绑架Preemptive:先发制人的Footage:电影胶片Incumbent:现任者,在职者MilitaryChief:军事最高统帅StateVisit:国事访问PermanentMember:常任理事国Relevance:意义,实用性UraniumEnrichment:铀浓缩PowerPlant:发电站Evacuate:撤退、疏散Bayard:骑士,勇武异常者launchpad:发射台Constituency:选区,选民atadiscountTabloidAchilles'heelPostmodernComeout (ofthecloset)Reggae Rap music Platonic Punk Blackball Coat tail Lame duck Independent counsel Preset Orbit:预定轨道Milestone:里程碑,转折点BallisticMissile:弹道导弹HeartBbypassSurgery:心脏搭桥手术Wail:大哭Denunciation:谴责、指责Holeup:藏匿StepDown:辞职,下台Benchmark:基准点,衡量标准BeakedWhale:突吻鲸,喙鲸Procurement:采购Handset:手机Stake:股份Portal:门户网站Showcase:展示Sedan:小轿车StrategicPetroleumReserve:战略石油储备BackT ax:退缴税CrudeOutput:原油生产LogOn:进入系统LagBehind:落在后面TeamUp:合作,协作AudienceRating:收视率PlayDown:对……不太重视FloorTrader:场内交易人APackageOfProposals:一揽子建议OperatingMargin:营运利润率Hedge-Fund:对冲基金Shortfall:不足、差额、赤字Anti-Trust:反托拉斯FullSwing:达到活动的ClawBack:夺回,费力收回BalanceSheet:资产负债表Inventory:货存、库存量MutualFund:共同基金LoanGuarante:借款保函ClassAction:集体诉讼Antidumping:反倾销Confetti:五彩纸屑FederalReserve:美国联邦储备系统Ink:签署(合同、文件等)HSBC:汇丰银行HotMoney:国际套利资本Scooter:速克达、踏板车、单脚滑行车InARow:一个接一个NetWorth:资本净值ABM=anti-ballisticmissile反弹道导弹abortivecoupattempt未遂政变absenttrial(absentvoting缺席审判(缺席投票absolutemajority绝对多数abstainfromvoting弃权abuseofpowerforpersonalgain以权谋私academia学术界academiccareer学历,学业academician院士AcademyAward奥斯卡金像奖academysciences科学院accreditedjournalist特派记者acquit (beacquitted宣告无罪(无罪释放actingpresident代总统activecapital流动资本activesubstance放射性物adversetradebalance逆差advisorybody顾问团after-saleservice售后服务aircrash飞机失事album专辑alliedpowers同盟国all-outban全面禁止all-roundtitle全能冠军alumnus(复数:alumni)校友amendment修正案,附加条款amicablerelations 友好关系amnesty特赦anarchy无政府状态animalyear本命年anti-corruption反腐败anti-robberybell防盗铃apartheid种族隔离appropriateauthorities有关当局arch-foe 主要的劲敌armedintervention武装干涉arm-twisting施加压力arson放火,纵火assemblyhall会议厅assemblyline生产流水线assemblyman议员,装配工assistantsecretary(美)助理部长assistantsecretaryofstate (美)助理国务卿attaché专员,(外交使团的)随员audiencerating收视率audiophile音乐发烧友authoritativeinformation官方消息authoritativesource权威人士autonomousregion(prefecture自治区(州axispower轴心国bachelormother未婚母亲backgroundbriefing吹风会,背景情况介绍会bacteria细菌bail 保释,保释金ballot选票,投票bankbook银行存折bankfailure银行倒闭barcode条形码bargainprice廉价beresponsibleforone'sownprofitandloss自负盈亏behonestinperformingone'sofficialduties廉洁奉公beeperBP 机behind-the-scenemaneuvering幕后操纵benefitconcert义演音乐会bestsupportingactressaward最佳女配角bidupprice哄抬物价biggun有势力的人,名人biglie大骗局bistro夜总会blackbox测谎器blackmarketprice 黑市价blanketballot全面选举blast爆炸blindalley死胡同blockade封锁bloodlesscoup不流血政变BlueBerets 蓝盔部队bluffdiplomacy恫吓外交bombard轰炸,炮击boom(经济)繁荣,兴旺borrower债方botanicalgarden 植物园bottleup抑制bottomout走出低谷boxofficereturns票房收入boxofficesmash卖座率高的演出boycott 联合抵制braindrain人才流失braingain人才引进braintrust智囊团brawndrain劳工外流read-and-butterletter 感谢信bribery行贿bubbleeconomy泡沫经济bureaucracy官僚主义bureaucrat官倒cabinetlineup内阁阵容cabinetre-shuffle内阁改组cablecar缆车cable-staybridge斜拉桥cadre干部cafeteria自助餐厅calamity灾难campaignagainstporns 扫黄运动candidateforexam考生cargohandlingcapacity货物吞吐量carnival狂欢节casualty遇难者,伤亡人员catchphrase口头禅,口号ceasefire停火ceilingprice最高限价celebrity知名人士cellularphone移动电话,大哥大censurevote不信任投票census人口普查ceremonialusherette迎宾小姐chamberconcert室内音乐会charity慈善组织charteredplane包机chinahand中国通China'sactualconditions 中国国情ChinesedescendantinAmerica 美籍华裔cholesterol胆固醇civilservant公务员civilian平民classroomboycott罢课climbout经济复苏closingaddress闭幕辞cloverleafintersection立交桥comfortably-offlevel小康水平complainsbox意见箱computernik电脑迷condo(minium)商品房condolence 慰问,吊唁conductedtour团体旅游confiscate没收,充公conscienceforum道德法庭conscript征兵,入伍conservativeparty保守党constructionofacleangovernment廉政建设conveniencefood方便食品corruptionreportingcenter举报中心countdown倒计时countymagistrate县长crammingsystem填鸭式教学法crashprogram应急计划criminallaw刑法crudeoil原油culturalundertakings文化事业curfew宵禁curriculumvitae履历表curtaincall谢幕dailynecessities日用品dailyturnover日成交量dan (围棋的)段deadlock 僵局deathtoll死亡人数,死亡率defendant 被告deli(catessen)熟食dictatorship独裁disaster-hitarea灾区discjockeyDJdissolve解散divisionchief处长,科长doctorialtutor 博士生导师doormoney入场费dove主和派,鸽派duet二重唱Duma(俄)杜马,俄罗斯议会dux学习标兵,学习尖子economicsanction经济制裁economictake-off经济腾飞ElNino厄尔尼诺现象electricpower电力eliminate淘汰embargo禁运enrouteto 在……途中enlistedman现役军人epidemic流行病exclusiveinterview独家采访expo(sition)博览会face-to-facetalk 会晤fairplaytrophy风格奖familyplanning计划生育fleamarket跳蚤市场flyingsquad飞虎队frame-up诬陷,假案frontpage头条frontrowseat首席记者fullhouse满座gear…totheinternationalconventions 把…与国际接轨grasswidow (widower留守女士(留守男士guestofhonor贵宾guestteam (hometeam客队(主队hawk主战派heroin海洛因highlightsandsidelights要闻与花絮his-and-herswatches情侣表hitparade 流行歌曲排行榜hitproduct拳头产品hit-and-runner肇事后逃走者HongKongcompatriot香港同胞honorguard 仪仗队hostage人质housingreform住房改革hypermedia多媒体ideology 意识形态idlemoney闲散资金inanotherrelateddevelopment另据报道incumbentmayor现任市长info-highway信息高速公路in-servicetraining在职训练inspector-general总监interimgovernment过渡政府invitationmeet邀请赛judo柔leadingactor男主角lease租约,租期manofmark名人,要人manuscript原稿,脚本marriagelines结婚证书masterkey万能钥匙medium媒体,媒介mercykilling安乐死moped助力车Moslem穆斯林multimedia多媒体musiccafe音乐茶座nationalanthem国歌negativevote反对票nestegg私房钱newsagency通讯社newsbriefing新闻发布会newsconference记者招待会newsflash短讯,快讯nominee候选人notions小商品nullandvoid无效的off-hourhobby业余爱好off-the-jobtraining脱产培训onstandby待命on-the-jobtraining在职培训on-the-spotbroadcasting现场直播opinionpoll民意测验overpass(人行)天桥overseasstudent留学生overture序曲overwhelmingmajority压倒性多数palmphone大哥大parliament国会passerby过路人pay-to-the-driverbus无人售票车peacefulco-existence和平共处peace-keepingforce维和部队peakviewingtime 黄金时间pedestrian行人pensioninsurance养老保险Pentagon五角大楼perk外快PM=primeminister首相,总理politburo政治局poorbox济贫箱pope教皇poseforagroupphoto 集体合影留念poverty-strickenarea贫困地区powerfailure断电,停电premiere首映,初次公演pressbriefing新闻发布会presscorps记者团pressspokesman新闻发言人prize-awardingceremony颁奖仪式professionalescort"三陪"服务profiteer投机倒把者protocol草案,协议puberty青春期publicservant公务员questionnaire调查表quick-frozenfood速冻食品quizgame智力竞赛racialdiscrimination种族歧视rapport默契reciprocalvisits互访recital独唱会,独奏会red-carpetwelcome隆重欢迎red-hotnews 最新消息red-letterday大喜之日redundant下岗人员re-employment再就业rep=representative代表ripoff宰客senate参议院tenureofoffice任职期theotherman (woman第三者topnews 头条新闻tornado龙卷风tourdeforce代表作townshipenterprises 乡镇企业townshiphead乡长traffictie-up交通瘫痪truce停火,休战trustee董事two-daydayoffs双休日tycoon巨富umpire裁判V.D.=venerealdisease性病vaccine疫苗vehicle-freepromenade步行街votedown否决well-offlevel 小康水平well-to-dolevel小康水平Who'sWho名人录workingcouple双职工8、国际贸易类已经考过的:installment plan,chenck and balance,boned good,优惠合同,购货合同,报关,贸易顺差,售后服务,安检,POD,L(C,bonded warehouse,转基因食品,可能要考的:9、金融危机相关词汇已经考过的:IPR,Sub-prime Mortgage Crisis,Free Trade Agreement,稳健的货币政策,可能要考的:10、大陆对台政策类已经考过的:CEPA,可能要考的:一国两制、11、中国航天事业类已经考过的:载人航天计划,载人飞船可能要考的:12、美国机构类已经考过的:NASA,USNE,美国联邦储备银行,奥巴马、奥斯卡奖、花旗银行,Arbor Day,可能要考的:ANSI(美国国家标准学会、美利坚合众国、USDA、ACM、USNA、NSC、USMA、AMA、ABA (American Bar Association美国律师协会、ECMA(European Computer Manufacturers Association欧洲计算机制造商协会、IDC (International Data Corporation国际数据公司、NAS(National Academy of Sciences国家科学院、AAA(American Automobile Association美国汽车协会、ABA(American Bankers Association 美国银行家协会、ARC(American Red Cross美国红十字会、IATA (International Air Transport Association国际航空运输协会DA (Department of the Army (美国)陆军部、OSS(Office ofStrategic Services战略情报局、NMD/国家导弹防御系统、13、全球著名快递公司已经考过的:EMS、14、全球航空公司已经考过的:BA(British Airways英国航空公司可能要考的:CAB(Civil Aeronautics Board民航局、AAL (American Airlines美国航空公司、AA(American Airlines 美国美洲航空、15、全球著名企业已经考过的:可能要考的:HP(Hewlett-Packard惠普公司、GM(General Motors美国通用汽车公司、16、各国缩写已经考过的:可能要考的:CAN加拿大SP西班牙IR伊朗PE(Peru秘鲁IRE (Ireland爱尔兰AR(Argentina阿根廷JP(Japan 日本、SFO(San Francisco三藩市、16、各国央行及全球著名银行已经考过的:中国工商银行,可能要考的:ECB(European Central Bank欧洲中央银行、17、全球证交所已经考过的:NSDAQ、创业板,可能要考的:ASE美国证券交易所、SEX((Singapore Stock Exchange)新加坡证券交易所、SSE(上海证券交易所)、ASX澳大利亚证券交易所Australian Stock Exchange、纳斯达克,道.琼斯,香港恒生,东京证券交易所,18、全球运动协会缩写已经考过的:NBA可能要考的:AHL(American Hockey League)美国曲棍球联盟、MLB(Major League Baseball)美国全国棒球协会和盟国棒球协会、NBA(美国)国家篮球协会、NHL(National Hockey League)全国曲棍球联盟、WWF(World Wrestling Federation)世界摔角联盟、CBA、19、中国特色的词汇已经考过的:中国特色的社会主义市场经济,外向型经济,政企分开,恶性循环,自负盈亏,扫黄打非,西部大开发,高度自治,中小企业,打造知名品牌,晚婚晚育,可能要考的:20、百科全书已经考过的:Encyclopedia Britannica, binary opposition,可能要考的:21、古代巨著已经考过的:《论语》《红楼梦》《红楼梦》《毛泽东语录》《论语》《钦定圣经》、可能要考的:水浒、三国、西游记、一千零一夜、天方夜谈、道德经、TAO,孔子、孟子、22、军事外交类已经考过的:外交庇护,战略伙伴关系,Special Safeguard Mechanism,可能要考的:23、节能减排、气候大会已经考过的:节能,温室气体排放可能要考的:24、中国网络热词已经考过的:选秀,囧,绿坝,SOHO、可能要考的:25、中国成语可能要考的:26、中国自然灾害已经考过的:地震,可能要考的:27、中国名盛古迹已经考过的:颐和园,天坛、兵马俑,可能要考的:28、翻译专业述语已经考过的:音译、对等翻译、direct Translation,MTI,Simultaneous Interpretion,会议传译,应用语言学,可能要考的:29、节日已经考过的:老人节,Arbor Day,可能要考的:30、中国特色的评选已经考过的:中国十佳宜居城市可能要考的:31、科技类已经考过的:the king of kings, Dubbling,文本对等,可能要考的:。

专业英语翻译基本知识

专业英语翻译基本知识

专业英语翻译基本知识(仅供参考)1.英语翻译的标准专业英语的翻译注重客观性、准确性,不强调翻译者的主观色彩。

翻译的用词应该准确、恰当,句子叙述清楚,表达简洁、流畅。

(1)准确忠实:准确无误,不得有错。

即要如实表达原文的含义,不缺漏原文表达的每一层意思,也不添加任何原文没有的含义。

(2)通顺流畅:译文必须符合汉语的语法要求、修辞规则和通常习惯,使读者易看易懂易读。

因此,要求译文不能逐字逐句死译,而是要按照汉语的语法规律和习惯表达出来,做到通俗易懂。

(3)简练清楚:译文在清楚明白表达原文意思,不使人产生歧义和模糊不清的前提下,尽可能简洁、精炼、不重复啰嗦。

2.英语翻译的基本技巧2.1词性转译法在翻译过程中,为了符合汉语的表达习惯,使译文更加通顺,或为达到一定的修饰目的,可以适当改变一下原文中某些词的词类,将原句中属于某词类的词转译成为另一类词。

一般而言有四种(1)转译成名词(动词、形容词、副词等转译为名词)例:The cutting tool must be strong, tough, hard, and wear resistant.(形容词转译为名词)刀具必须有足够的强度、韧性、硬度,而且耐磨。

(2)转译成动词(名词、形容词、介词和副词等转译成动词)例:Rigid pavements are made from cement concrete.刚性路面是用水泥混凝土建造的(介词转译成动词)(3)转译成形容词(名词、副词等转译成形容词)例:This experiment in a success这个实验是成功的。

(名词转译成形容词)(4)转译成副词(名词、动词和形容词译成副词)例:Although the basic materials for bridge building remain either prestressed concrete orsteel, there have been some recent changes尽管建桥的基本材料仍然是预应力混凝土或钢材,但近来已经有些变化了。

春浙江电视大学《英语翻译》平时作业参考标准标准答案

春浙江电视大学《英语翻译》平时作业参考标准标准答案

春浙江电视大学《英语翻译》平时作业参考标准标准答案《英语翻译基础》作业(1)参考答案一、选择题1.“意译”是指译文从意义出发,要求将原文地意义正确表达出来,不必拘泥于( D )地形式.A. 词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段2. 翻译是一种(A)地交际活动.A.跨语言,跨文化,跨社会 B. 跨语言C.跨语言,跨社会 D. 跨语言,跨社会3.翻译地理想单位是:__________.(A)A.篇章 B. 句子 C.词语 D. 单词4.严复地“雅”是指:__ A ___.A.指脱离原文而片面追求译文本身地古雅.B.指保存原作地风格.C.指保持原作地形式.D.以上地答案都不正确5.下面哪句话地描述是正确地(D).A.钱钟书地翻译标准是:重神似而不重形似B.傅雷地翻译标准是:意美、音美、形美C.许渊冲地翻译标准是:化境D.奈达地翻译标准是:动态对等6.中国佛经翻译地主要代表人物是___ A _____.A.玄奘 B. 徐光启 C. 林纾 D. 严复7. 翻译地过程依次为____ B _____三个阶段.A.表达,理解和校核 B. 理解,表达和校核C.理解,校核和表达 D. 校核,理解和表达8. 直译是指:____ A._____.A. 在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文地内容,又保持原文地形式——特别指保持原文地比喻、形象和民族、地方色彩等.B. 在译文中保持原文地形式,不需要保持原文地内容.C. 死译.D.硬译.9. 马善忠地翻译标准为:____ A ____.A. 善译B. 信、达、雅C. 忠实、通顺D. 保持原文地丰姿10. 明徐光启和意大利人利玛窦合作,翻译了____ A ____等书.A.《几何原本》、《测量法义》 B.《巴黎茶花女遗事》C.《王子复仇记》、《天演论》 D. 《几何原本》、《天演论》二、改译句子.1. The research work is being done by a group of dedicated and imaginative scientists who specialize in extracting from various sea animals substances that may improve.译文:这项研究工作正在被一小组专心致志、具有想象力地科学家进行着.这些科学家专门研究从各种各样地海洋动物中提取一些可能改进人类健康地物质.改译1:一群为数不多地科学家正在专心致志地从事这项研究,他们以丰富地想象力专门钻研从各种海洋动物身上提取增进人类健康地物质.改译2:一小部分富有想像力和敬业精神地科学家正在进行这项研究,他们专门研究从各种海洋动物中提取能增进人类健康地物质:2. A big question mark hangs over the company’s future.译文:一个大问号悬挂在这家公司未来地上方.改译:这家公司将来地前景如何,还是个大问号.四、下面句子都给出了几种译法,其中地优劣请自己判断,其中有少数是“一句多译”,请注意区别.1. These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings.A. 医院地这些费用严重地消耗了我地积蓄.B.我住院花地这些费用用掉了我一半以上地积蓄.C. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄.优2. They killed a bottle of kaoliang between them.A. 他们二人喝光了一瓶高粱酒.B.他们二人对酌,把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净.优C.他们在他们之间喝完了一瓶高粱酒.3. It would be one setback too many for him.A.这是一个对他来说太多地挫折.B.他可再也经不住什么挫折了.优C.如果再有一个挫折,对他来说太多了.4. 这本书再三重印,仍供不应求.A.Though we have reprinted this book several times, we still can’t satisfy the demands of the readers.优B.Though we have had this book reprinted several times, the readers’demand still exceeds its supply.C.Though we have got this book reprinted again and again, we find it still unavailable in the bookstores.《英语翻译基础》作业(2)参考答案一、改译句子1 他们把三个部门合成了一个部门.译文:They have combined the three departments into one department.改译:They have combined the three departments2.老太太被风吹病了.译文:The old lady was also blown sick by the wind.改译:The old lady fell ill because of the draught.3. 如果今年再提出来,我想也不会有别地结果.译文:If they insist on re-submitting this year, I don’t see any different outcome.改译:If they insist on re-submitting the draft this year, I don’t see any different outcome.4. 店主让我父亲一天干16小时地活.译文:The shop-owner let father work 16 hours a day.改译:The shop-owner made father work 16 hours a day.三、翻译句子.1. His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.主人有意地忽视增加了他地不安2. The man who is above his business may one day find his business above him.不屑于干自己工作地人终有一天会发现自己不配干那份工作.3. Translation from English into Chinese is not so easy as that from English into French.英译汉不如英译法容易4. Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母5. The economic growth of this country depends to a large extent on whether or not a political stability is available.这个国家地经济增长在很大程度上取决于政局是否稳定.6. This area is select.这是一个富人区.《英语翻译基础》作业(3)参考答案一、选择题1.“你地建议值得商榷.”地正确译法为:___ B _____.A. “Your suggestion is worthy of discussion.”B. “Your suggestion is open to question.”C. “Your suggestion is worth being discussed.”D. “I can consider your suggestion.”2.“service station”应该翻译成:(B )A. 服务站B. 加油站C. 服务场所D. 服务生3. “High school”地意思是( C. )A. 高等学校B. 大学C. 美国中学D. 学院4. “armed to the teeth”被译为“武装到牙齿”,这是运用了什么翻译方法? AA.直译法 B. 意译法C. 汉语同义习语地套用法D. 归化法5.“rest room”是指( B ).A.休息室 B. 洗手间 C. 卧室 D. 起居室6. “Do you see any green in my eye?”可以翻译为:__ B _____.A. 你从我地眼睛里看到绿颜色吗?B. 你以为我是好欺骗地吗?C. 你从我地眼睛里看到嫉妒地感觉吗?D. 你以为我在嫉妒你吗?6.凤凰在东方象征着( A. );而在西方象征着( A. )A.高贵,威严,权利;复生,再生B.复生,再生;高贵,威严,权利C.凶残;复生,再生D.高贵,威严,权利;凶残二、翻译句子.1. He is now holding a wolf by the ears.现在正骑虎难下”,2. It was another one of those Catch-22 situations: you are damned if you do, you’re damned if you don’t.这真是又一个左右为难地尴尬局面做也倒霉不做也倒霉.3.I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse.我不知道他是否是个内奸.4. Among the blind the one-eyed man is King.山中无老虎,猴子称霸王5. He is just a stalking horse in the election contest.他在这次竞选中只不过是充当真正候选人地幌子而已6. ——She looks blue today. What’s the matter with her?—— She is in holiday blue.她今天显得闷闷不乐,出了什么事情?她得了假期忧郁症.7. He is too yellow to stand up and fight.他太软弱,不敢起来斗争.三、翻译文章The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week. The most common mode of instruction is the lecture. When lectures are the principal method of instruction in larger classes, regular periods may be set aside for small group discussions under the leadership of an assistant instructor. In cases where a small class size encourages informality, lectures may be combined with discussion sessions based on assigned readings, required textbooks, and other outside materials.由一位教授和二三十名学生每周会晤两三次,每次授课时间45分钟到50分钟,是大学程度课堂教学地传统方式.最普遍地教学方式是讲课.较大地班以讲课为主要教学方法时,也会拨出一定时间由助教领导进行小组讨论.如果班小,比较随便,便可以既讲课有讨论指定地读物、规定地教科书和其他课外资料.《英语翻译基础》作业(4)参考答案一、翻译句子.1. Henry keeps boasting that he had talked to the President.亨利总是吹嘘说他曾同总统谈过话.2. There is a definite link between smoking and heart disease and lung cancer. But this doe sn’t ma ke you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. (注意company地一词多义) 吸烟与心脏病和肺癌之间有明确地关联.但这并没有使你感到怎么不安,因为和你一样抽烟地人很多.3. Washington wants to maintain an American presence in that region. (注意presence 地具体含义)华盛顿想在那个地区维持美国地军事力量.4. His fury was exaggerated. 他大发雷霆,未免小题大做.5. A shy, retiring man known to his own ColumbiaUniversity students as a dull lecturer, he had the brilliance of mind that made him the teacher of his time, respected by presidents and philosophers alike. (注意retiring地一词多义)他是一个怕羞,性情孤独地人.在他地哥伦比亚大学地学生们看来,他是一个令人乏味地老师.然而他极其聪明,智慧过人,这使他成为当时最杰出地教师,深受各大学校和学者们地尊敬.6. We shall deliver the goods to you by September 12.(注意:本句属于商务英语)我们将于9月12日前将货交给你方.7. Women getting rich faster than men in UK(注意:本句是英语新闻标题)巾国不让须眉英国女人比男人富得快8Please remember to:put towels you want washed on the floorleave towels you will use again on the towel racksThis simple gesture helps protect the environmentThank you注意:这是一句公式语请记住:将需要清洗地毛巾放在地板上;将准备继续使用地毛巾挂在毛巾架上.您地举手之劳将有助环保.谢谢!9. This is RESIDENTIAL AREAPlease leave QUIETLY so as not to disturb our neighbours ORjBnOwcEdThank you for you co-operation & your kind attention2MiJTy0dTT这里是居民区.请您离开时不要喧哗,以免影响左邻右舍.谢谢您地合作与关注.10.The Lushan scenic area extends over 302 sq km, with an outlying conservation zone of 500 sq km.gIiSpiue7A注意:这是景观对外解说词.庐山风景名胜区面积302平方千米,外围保护地带500平方千米.二、翻译文章Adias Sports ShoesOver twenty-eight years ago, adias gave birth to a new idea in sports shoes. And the people who wear our shoes have been running and winning ever since. In fact, adidas has helped them set over 400 world records in track and field alone.uEh0U1Yfmh Maybe that’s why more and more football, soccer, basketball, baseball and tennis players are tu rning to adidas.They know that, whatever their game, they can rely on adidas workmanship and quality in every product we make.IAg9qLsgBX So whether you’re pounding the roads on a marathon, or just jogging around the block, adidas should be on yourfeet.WwghWvVhPEYou were born to run. And we were born to help you do it better. You will find us anywhere smart sports buy their shoes. Adidas, the all sports people.asfpsfpi4k注意:这是一则广告,注意广告语言地基本特点.28年前,阿迪达斯为运动鞋带来了全新地概念.从那之后,脚穿阿迪达斯地人们健步如飞,频频夺标.事实上,阿迪达斯仅在田径场上就帮助人们创造了400多项世界记录.这或许就是越来越多地足球、篮球、网球、棒球和橄榄球运动员求助于阿迪达斯地原因.他们知道,无论从事哪项运动,他们都可以信赖阿迪达斯精湛地工艺和优秀地质量.因此,不管是沿马拉松赛道飞奔,还是在社区周围小跑,你都可以穿上阿迪达斯.奔跑是你地天性.让你跑得更快是我们地天职.在优秀运动员买鞋地任何地方,你都能看到我们.阿迪达斯,运动者地代名词.版权申明本文部分内容,包括文字、图片、以及设计等在网上搜集整理.版权为个人所有This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design. Copyright is personal ownership.3cdXwckm15 用户可将本文地内容或服务用于个人学习、研究或欣赏,以及其他非商业性或非盈利性用途,但同时应遵守著作权法及其他相关法律地规定,不得侵犯本网站及相关权利人地合法权利.除此以外,将本文任何内容或服务用于其他用途时,须征得本人及相关权利人地书面许可,并支付报酬.h8c52WOngM Users may use the contents or services of this article for personal study, research or appreciation, and other non-commercial or non-profit purposes, but at the same time, they shall abide by the provisions of copyright law and other relevant laws, and shall not infringe upon the legitimate rights of this website and its relevant obligees. In addition, when any content or service of this article is used forother purposes, written permission and remuneration shall be obtained from the person concerned and the relevant obligee.v4bdyGious转载或引用本文内容必须是以新闻性或资料性公共免费信息为使用目地地合理、善意引用,不得对本文内容原意进行曲解、修改,并自负版权等法律责任.J0bm4qMpJ9Reproduction or quotation of the content of this article must be reasonable and good-faith citation for the use of news or informativepublic free information. It shall not misinterpret or modify the original intention of the content of this article, and shall bear legal liability such as copyright.XVauA9grYP。

《英语翻译基础》讲义及《样题和答案》

《英语翻译基础》讲义及《样题和答案》

英语翻译基础讲义第一章翻译的基本原则1.Nature of Translation(翻译的性质)Translation is a science.Translation is an art.Translation is a craft.Translation is a skill.Translation is an operation.Translation is a language activity.Translation is communication2.Principles of Translation(翻译的原则)Three characters “信,达,雅”(faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance)———严复《天演论》Three characters “信,达,切”(faithfulness, expressiveness and closeness) ———刘重德《翻译十讲》Summary:忠实与通顺(1) Faithfulness of Translation (翻译的忠实)Strictly speaking, faithfulness is the generalization of the principles of translation. That’s to say, true translation demands that the translator be faithful to the content, language and style of the original at the same time.Eg. 1.War, pestilence and famine consumed one million people.战争,瘟疫和饥馑毁掉了一百万人。

该句译文从三个方面与原文都是一致的。

内容上,措辞完全对应;形式上,中英文都是陈述句,且语序相同。

英汉翻译基础知识

英汉翻译基础知识
2. Joanna Stern had come to New York with a liberal arts degree from Boston University, which she discovered was not the key to the city.
3. The Pananmanian leader publicly insinuated that he possessed compromising information about Mr.Bush that was liable to harm his bid for the White House.
8. 生产多了,价格就稳定,甚至下降一点。 (这两组例句可供学生尝试翻译并与原文进行对比, 从而加深对英汉两种语言各自特征的认识。)
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总结说明
对这两组例句进行对比,可以得出如下结论:
1 .英语句子大多开门见山,搭起主谓空间结构(SV) ,形成句子主干(如句中划线部分所示),可参照下 页英语句子的树式结构;汉语则不一定是主谓结构, 如例(6)就属于“话题---说明”框架
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汉英语言文化对比
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1. 谱系(family):汉语属于汉藏语系,英语属于印欧语 系
2. 类型(type):汉语是分析型(analytic)语言,其典型 特征是没有屈折变化(inflection),即汉语的词没有词 性和词形的变化;英语是分析型和综合型(synthetic) 语言,有丰富的屈折变化形式。
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再看一组汉语句子:
5.老关忙即跳下车去,摸摸腰间的勃郎宁,又向四下里 瞥了一眼,就过去开了车门,站在门旁边。

真题-英语翻译基础

真题-英语翻译基础

【天津大学】翻译基础一、词条翻译(1分×30=30分)福利彩票welfare lottery连环恐怖袭击案series of terrorist attacks零团费no charge tour按揭贷款mortgage loan mortgage finance一带一路the belt and road扶贫supporting the poor微商micro business西藏高原Tibet plateau真人秀reality show true man show增值税added value tax餐桌污染table pollution九二共识;1992 consensus保险索赔insurance claim insurance indemnity命运共同体community with a common future探月工程moon probe project lunar exploration program moon exploration projectCAT computer aid translation 计算机辅助翻译HIV human immunodeficiency virusCPA certificated public accountant注册会计师civilian property agent 民间财产代理人DOJ department of justice 司法部modern pentathlon 现代五项运动transit-trade 过境贸易转口贸易graffito pollution 涂写污染credit-card fraud 信用卡诈骗animated feature 最佳动画长片campus entrepreneurship校园创业inter-city commuter 城际列车social media whiz 社交媒体专家binge-watch煲剧刷剧。

《英语翻译基础》句子翻译复习整理

《英语翻译基础》句子翻译复习整理

最新电大《英语翻译基础》翻译句子复习整理英译汉A big reward will make the brave come forward重赏之下,必有勇夫。

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush,一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。

A little forethought would have saved you much trouble afterwards你如果事先略作盘算,后来也不至于有那么多的麻烦了。

A mastery of Chinese and English is essential for E-C or C-E translation做英汉/汉英翻译必须掌握好汉语与英语。

A new kind of aircraft—small,cheap,pilotless—is attracting increasing attention。

一种新型的飞机正越来越引起人们的注意——这种飞机体积不大,价钱便宜,无人驾驶。

A red sun rose slowly from the calm lake。

一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。

A stream was winding its way through the valley into the river。

一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷,汇合到江里去了。

A tiny staggerer came suddenly rocking into the yard.一个刚刚学步的小宝宝突然摇摇晃晃地走进院子After all preparations were made ,the planes were flown across he U.S to San Francisco.一切准备工作就绪以后,飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。

All roads lead to Rome条条大路通罗马。

All the articles are untouchable in the museum.博物馆内一切展品禁止触摸。

基础英语句子翻译

基础英语句子翻译

1、不管将来会怎样,我们都应该对自己有信心。

Whatever the future will be like, we should have faith in ourselves.2、他躺在路旁,头部受到严重损伤。

He lay on the roadside with his head badly damaged.3、他是一名推销员,卖些家庭药品、香料或诸如此类的东西。

He is a salesman, selling home remedies, spices or something like that.4、参加面试的时候,外表也是一个很重要的因素。

因为这是你给他人留下的第一印象。

Appearance is essential in an interview, for it is the first impression you make on others.5、只要你专心,任何困难也无法阻止你实现自己的目标。

As long as you set your mind to it, nothing will stop you from accomplishing your goal.6、在美国长岛,马丁•维根拥有一处夏天独家的理想出去——乡村小屋。

Martin Weigen owned a cottage on Long Island, USA, which is sound for summer vacation.7、他的耳朵有点背,所以只记下了一个对他来说一点意义都没有的名字。

He was a little hard of hearing so he only gotted down aname which meant nothing to.8、那两个难民衣衫褴褛,四肢长满脓疮,眼窝深陷着。

The two refugees wore in rags, had sunken eyes and scores all over their arms and legs.9、让威瑟斯感到吃惊的是,这两个难民尽管受尽折磨,但却并没有表现出满腔仇恨。

英语翻译的知识点

英语翻译的知识点

英语翻译的知识点英语翻译是一门十分专业的英语学问,随着我国向国际化迈进的步伐越来越快,对于英语翻译专业人才的需求也越来越旺盛。

接下来为你整理了英语翻译的知识点,一起来看看吧。

英语翻译的基础知识1. 异化(foreignization) 和归化(domestication)保留原语所包含的文化、形象色彩,叫异化,读者通过这样的译文可以感受到异域文化的东西。

例如,把crocodile tears 译为鳄鱼泪,就是异化的翻译方法;舍弃原语所包含的文化、形象色彩,取而代之用译文的文化色彩,或者牺牲这种文化色彩而只翻译出其意义就是归化,就是让原文“归顺”于译文。

例如把crocodile tears 译为假惺惺的眼泪,就是归化的翻译方法。

2. 直译(literal translation) 和意译(free translation) 直译即照着原文直接翻译,例如藏龙卧虎– Hidden dragons and hidden tigers. 意译就是抛弃原文形式而只传达其意义,例如Dutch courage – 酒后之勇3. 音译(transliteration) 比如:store – 士多cheese –汁斯风水–fungshui4. 翻译的标准:信达雅faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance “信”指的是忠实于原文的内容和风格(faithful to thecontent and style of the source text;“达”指的是译文语言流畅自然而不生硬阻滞(the translation or target text should be natural and expressive);“雅”指的是译文译文语言风格尽可能贴近原文风格。

5. 词类的转化conversion :名词动词形容词副词根据表达需要,在翻译中,往往需要进行词类的转化,此外,还包括抽象与具体的转化。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷18

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷18

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷18(总分:12.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数:6,分数:12.00)1.英译汉(分数:2.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析:2.Since the earliest times in England, the traveler" s inn has always been a warm and hospitable place, a gathering place for voyagers to rest and recover. The tireless landlord, the local customers sharing drinks and food, the welcoming atmosphere, have all become part of the legend of the typical English country and city life. In later centuries, the English tavern took on the role of community gathering place, being the location where friendly chatter and fierce social debate mixed with business discussions, and food, wine, beer and coffee were consumed as the noise of convivial exchanges rose. In modern times, the English pub often continues to function as the communal meeting place, especially for people whose homes are too small to entertain any number of guests or friends. In many Asian countries, the local restaurant serves a similar social function. In Ireland, the pub has acted as a central attraction for poorer villagers in the rural areas, and as a literary and social focus in the cities. In keeping with the sociable nature of pub gatherings, music as well as talk has become a central part of this institution in Ireland. Now people around the world are able to experience the friendly nature of the Irish pub, which follows in the wake of its English equivalent as a welcome and growing expert. English pubs have been found in America, in parts of Europe and throughout the world where English pub is witnessing an outburst of international popularity as westerns turn away from their television and computer screens and seek to put a human face to their social contacts. They are finding it in the bars and corners of Irish pubs where Guinness stout, the Irish national drink, is available in the tall dark creamy pint glasses and Irish music is the regular fare. An international representative for the Irish manufacturers of Jameson" s whiskey, Patrick Mc-Carville, points out that while the world has been laughing at Irish jokes (a stereotype of the Irish way of life) , the Irish have been quietly carrying out an economic coup which is seen in the evidence of the explosion of Irish pubs.(分数:2.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(正确答案:从最古老的年代起,英国的旅客客栈就一直是温馨好客的地方,旅行者可聚集在那里休养生息。

专业英语阅读与翻译基础知识

专业英语阅读与翻译基础知识

※ 惯用法 since从句中的过去 式联系动词was或 were是使一种状态 的结束。
又如 John is with his parents in New York City; it is already three years since he was a bandmaster. 译为:约翰现同父母住在纽约市;他不担任 乐队指挥已三年了。
专业英语阅读与翻译基础知识
一、翻译的标准和过程
1.翻译的标准 (1)忠实 译文要忠实于原文,准确地、完整地表达 原文的内容。译者不得任意对原文内容加 以歪曲、增删、遗漏和篡改。 (2)通顺 译文语言必须通顺易懂。 (3)符合规范 用词造句应符合本民族语言的习惯,用民 族的、科学的、大众的语言。
(4)注意从句套从句的复杂语言现象
A. We must therefore conclude that when the distance between the molecules is very small, there are forces of repulsion and that these forces increase rapidly as the distance between the molecules decreases.
B. Saturated steam is that which is in the
presence of, and at the same temperature as the water from which it was evaporated.



Saturated steam is that which is in the presence of, and at the same☆ temperature as☆ the water(is)from which it was evaporated. in the presence of的宾语是as从句内的主语 water。看到as时,必须注意前后有否相搭 配的词。这里乃是the same和as相呼应。 译为:饱和蒸汽是那种同蒸发它的水同时 存在,并具有与蒸发它的水同样温度的蒸 汽。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷10.doc

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷10.doc

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)-试卷10(总分:10. 00,做题时间:90分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数:7,分数:10. 00)1.英译汉解析:2. A newspaper is much more than a business; it is an institution. It reflects and influences the life of a community; it may affect even wider destinies. It is, in its way, an instrument of government. It plays on the minds and consciences of man. It may educate, stimulate, assist, or it may do the opposite. It has, therefore, a moral as well as a material existence, and its character and influence are in the main determined by the balance of these two factors. It may make profitor power its first object, or it may conceive itself as fulfilling a higher and more exacting function. Character is a subtle affaire, and has many shades and sides. It is not a thing to be much talked about, but rather to be felt. It is the slow deposit of past actions and ideas. At the perils of its soul, a newspaper must see that the news it supplies is not tainted. Neither in what it gives, nor in what it does not give, nor in the mode of presentation, must the unclouded faceof truth suffer wrong. Comment is free, but facts are sacred. 〃 Propaganda, 〃 so called, by this means is hateful. The voice of opponents no less than that of friends has a right to be heard. Comment also is justly subject to a self-imposed restraint. It is well to be frank; it is even better to be fair. This is an ideal. Achievement in such matters is hardly given to man. Perhaps none of us can attain to it in the desirable measure. We can but try, ask pardon for shortcomings, and there leave the matter. One of the virtues, perhaps the chief virtue, of a newspaper is its independence. Whatever its position or character, it should have a soul of its own. That is the path of self-respect一it is also the path of success. And what a work it is! How multiform, how responsive to every need一and every incident of life! What illimitable possibilities of achievement and of excellence! To the man, whatever his place on the paper, nothing should satisfy short of the best. It is here that ability counts and that character counts, and it is on thesethat a newspaper, if it is to be worthy of its power and duty, must rely.(分数:2.00)正确答案:(正确答案:报纸不仅仅只具有商业性,还具有社会功能。

英汉翻译基础教程

英汉翻译基础教程

英语翻译基础教程总主编:冯庆华主编:冯庆华陈科芳1 “意思”的译法甲:这是一点小意思,请务必收下。

乙:你这个人真是有意思,怎么也来这一套。

甲:哎,只是意思意思,乙:啊,真是不好意思。

译文:A:This is a little gift as a token of my appreciation .Please do take it . B:Oh, aren't you a bit too polite ? you should not do that .A: Well ,it just conveys my gratitude.B: Ah, thank you then ,though i really do not deserve it . 2 “说”(1)阿Q将衣服摔在地上,吐一口唾沫,说:“这毛虫”!《阿Q正传》译文:Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground ,spat ,and swore ,“hairy worm!”(2) “三个臭皮匠,合成个诸葛亮”,这就是说,群众有伟大的创造力。

《毛泽东选集》文: The old saying ,"three cobblers with their wits combined would equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind ,"simple means the masses have great creative power.(3):也不知安居乐业,最早见于什么典籍,四个字一针见血的点名了生活中的一个因果关系。

译文:I can not say in what canon the words "secure in one's home and happy in one's work" first appeared ,but that expression cuts to the core of a primary determinant in human life.3 你们偶然看见一颗花生瑟缩的长在地上,不能立刻分辨出它有没有果实,非得等到你接触到它时你才能知道。

翻译基础词法翻译

翻译基础词法翻译
翻译基础词法翻译
目录
• 翻译基础概述 • 词法翻译基本概念 • 名词词法翻译 • 动词词法翻译 • 形容词与副词词法翻译 • 介词、连词与冠词词法翻译 • 总结回顾与拓展延伸
01
翻译基础概述
翻译定义与分类
翻译定义
翻译是将一种语言中的文本转换成另一种语言中的等效 文本的过程,涉及语言、文化和交际等多个方面。
04
动词词法翻译
动词时态与语态形式翻译
一般现在时
表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或客观事实 和普遍真理。在翻译时,通常翻译为“经 常”、“通常”、“总是”等。
被动语态
表示主语是动作的承受者。在翻译时,需 根据汉语表达习惯,灵活处理为“被”、 “由……所”、“受到”等。
一般过去时
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态。 在翻译时,需根据上下文灵活处理,可翻 译为“曾经”、“以前”、“过去”等。
交流。
文化传承
翻译在文化传承中发挥着重要作用, 可以将不同文化的精髓和特色传递给
更广泛的人群。
知识传播
通过翻译,人们可以获取来自不同国 家和文化的知识和信息,促进知识的 传播和共享。
经济发展
随着全球化的深入发展,翻译在国际 贸易、商务洽谈等领域中的需求越来 越大,对经济发展的推动作用也日益 显著。
02
常见误区及避免方法
直译与意译的误区
避免过度直译或意译,根据语境 和表达习惯进行适当的调整,使 译文既忠实于原文又符合目标语
言的表达习惯。
文化差异的误区
注意源语言和目标语言之间的文 化差异,避免将源语言的文化特 色直接照搬到目标语言中,造成
文化冲突或误解。
专业术语的误区
对于专业领域的术语,要确保准 确理解和翻译,避免出现歧义或

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础真题

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础真题
But the rejected lover or mate cannot afford to believe thathis beloved has freely turned away from him--- and so he ascribes sinister ormagical properties to the interloper. He calls him a hypnotist or a thief or ahome-breaker. In the vast majority of cases, however, when a home is broken,the breaking has begun long before any“third party”has appeared on the scene.
关于凯程:
凯程考研成立于2005年,国内首家全日制集训机构考研,一直致力于高端全日制辅导,由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成,为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
But love is not a commodity; the real thing cannot be bought,sold, traded or stolen. It is an act of the will, a turning of the emotions, achange in the climate of the personality.
This is a prevalent misconception in many people'sminds---that love, like merchandise, can be“stolen”。Numerous states, in fact,have enacted laws allowing damages for“alienation of affections”。

英语基础翻译练习1

英语基础翻译练习1

英语基础翻译练习(一)1.It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well, but on television everything is much more living, much more real.可能有人会指出, 无线电广播同样也能做到这一点, 但还是电视屏幕上的节目要生动、真实得多。

2.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining.人们常说, 电视使人了解时事, 熟悉政治领域的最新发展变化, 并能源源不断地为观众提供各种既有教育意义又有趣的节目。

3.It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his character and later personality.人们普遍认为,孩子们的早年经历在很大程度上决定了他们的性格及其未来的人品。

另外, 下列的结构也可以通过这一手段翻译:It is asserted that …有人主张……It is believed that …有人认为……It is generally considered that …大家(一般人)认为It is well known that …大家知道(众所周知)……It will be said …有人会说……It was told that …有人曾经说……4.A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.原子反应堆需要一种合适的燃料。

英语基础翻译100句

英语基础翻译100句

英语基础翻译100句1. 我的名字叫李华。

我是一名中学生。

我出生于1990年3月10日。

My name is Lihua and I am a middle school student. I was born on March 10th 1990.2. 我很努力学习I work very hard.3. 我喜欢看书。

I like reading books.4. 昨天晚上我看了一场电影。

这是目前为止我所看过的最好的电影中的一部。

I saw a movie last night/ yesterday evening.It was one of the best films that I have ever seen.5. 请打我的电话,我的号码是123456。

Please call me on 123456.6. 昨天是我的生日。

妈妈给了我一份生日礼物。

It was my birthday yesterday. My mum gave me a birthday present.7. 今天傍晚学校将有一场英语晚会。

There will be an English party at our school this evening.8. 英语晚会将于七点半开始。

The English party will start at .9. 我想邀请你参加今天的英语晚会。

I want to invite you to the English party this evening.10. 我深信你一定能与我们共度一个愉快的夜晚。

I am sure you will have a wonderful/fabulous time with us tonigh11. 好朋友就是能和你分享快乐和忧伤的人。

(share…with)A best friend is someone who can share happiness and sorrow with you.12. 这是他第一次用电子邮件与笔友交流。

英语翻译基础综合练习

英语翻译基础综合练习

英语翻译基础综合练习(共13页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--综合练习题(难易程度均为:难)1. Don’t turn your back on friends who are down and out.(A)不要用背对着被人打倒而且失败的朋友。

(B)不要不理睬穷困潦倒的朋友。

(C)对于失意落魄的朋友,不要拒人于千里之外。

2. There is no royal road to learning.(A)学习没有捷径。

(B)书山有路勤为径,学海无崖苦作舟。

(C)学习之路上没有贫贱之分。

headmaster broke the ice by asking how I like the college.(A ) 校长先问我对学校印象如何。

(B) 校长问我对学校的清除冰雪的活动印象如何。

(C ) 校长打破僵局,问我对学校是否喜欢。

4. Can you tell me about the stone age?(A) 你能告诉我石器时代的情况吗?(B) 你能告诉我什么时候是石器时代吗?(C) 你能给我讲讲你的少年时代吗?5. Hitler was armed to the teeth.(A) 希特勒武装齐备。

(B) 希特勒连牙齿都包裹起来。

(C) 希特勒武装到了牙齿。

6. Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it.(A) 船到桥头自然直。

(B) 没到桥头无法过桥。

(C) 不必自寻烦恼。

7. 学校不会管这样的事情。

(A)The school does not bother about such things.(B)The school authority will not bother about such things.(C)Such things will not be managed at this school.8. 他变本加厉地剥削欺压工人。

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华中科技大学全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试
《英语翻译基础》考试大纲
一.考试目的
《英语翻译基础》是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目,其目的是考察考生的英汉互译实践能力是否达到进入MIT学习阶段的水平。

二、考试性质及范围:
本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。

考试的范围包括MTI考生入学应具备的外语词汇量、语法知识以及英汉两种语言转换的基本技能。

三、考试基本要求
1. 具备一定中英文化,以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。

2. 具备扎实的英汉两种语言的基本功。

3. 具备较强的英汉/汉英转换能力。

四、考试形式
本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合,单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法,强调考生的英汉/汉英转换能力。

试题分类参见“试卷构成一览表”。

五、考试内容:
本考试包括二个部分:词语翻译和英汉互译。

总分150分。

I. 词语翻译
1. 考试要求
要求考生准确翻译中英文术语或专有名词。

2.题型
要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。

汉/英文各15个,每个1分,总分30分。

考试时间为60分钟。

II. 英汉互译
1. 考试要求
要求应试者具备英汉互译的基本技巧和能力;初步了解中国和英语国家的社会、文化等背景知识;译文忠实原文,无明显误译、漏译;译文通顺,用词正确、表达基本无误;译文无明显语法错误;英译汉速度每小时250-350个外语单词,汉译英速度每小时150-250个汉字。

2.题型
要求考生较为准确地翻译出所给的文章,英译汉为250-350个单词,汉译英为150-250个汉字,各占60分,总分150分。

考试时间为180分钟。

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