研究生英语(上)

mitigate alleviate prospective expected outshone surpassed initiates originates transitioned transferred mobilized organized convictions beliefs ambiguity vagueness assets advantages perception impression foster encourage collaborated cooperated ●fare food moderate mildfar-reaching widespread authentic genuine diverse variedstreaky fattycommemorate honorlingering continuinghumility modestywronged treated unjustly●establishment setupfacet aspectprevalent commonestimated judgedclaimed revealedflourish pass out quicklyoccasionally oftencommissioned orderedprestigious popularreimburse switchcomponent necessityflexibility ability to maximizeself-discipline self control●stalling delayingpending waiting forturned out becameat his disposal under his controldown on his lucksuffering from bad luckslump declinesoared increasedskimped did withoutthe dole welfareeligible for aid able to get help●unit 11.Details of the highly sensitive information have not been made _public c__.2. Working at home requires a good deal of __discipline b_.3. He never ceased to be amazed by her physical _strength a.4. The article made no reference __a_ to previous research on the subject.5. The great _ strength __d_of our plan lies in its simplicity.6. The palace and its grounds are open to the__ public _a_during the summer months.7. Supporters __ demonstrated __ b __outside the courtroom during the trial.8. I didn’t enjoy studying Philosophy—I found it too much of a theoretical discipline __c___9. Ask your teacher to act as one of your___ references___c__ .10. He said he left the company because of a_personality a_clash with the director.11. Different cultures have different ways of __ disciplining__d___their children.12. The study__ demonstrates__ a__ the link between poverty and malnutrition.13. The disclosure of the information will not be a criminal offence if it can be shown that it was in the_ public _d_ interest.14. The book will become a standard work of__ reference___b__ .15. It’s partly the architecture which gives the town its_ personality c__.●unit 21.A. A blossom develops from a bud .B. In this poem, the budding flower means youth.2.A. The only access to that ancient castle is along a muddy track.B. Users can access their voice mail remotely.3.A. The medicine had a slightly bitter aftertaste.B. There was a lot of hard work before we first taste success.4.A.Katherine was nobody’s fool when it came to money.B. It’s no good fooling yourself. He’s not coming back.5.A. The factory produces an incredible 100 cars per hour.B. We sell tinned goods and local produce.6.A. They garnish the room with modern paintings.7.A. The Queen reign but does not rule.B.The king’s reign lasted for 30 years.8.A. Environmental protection is a growing concerned in China.B. He loved his wife, and concern for her happiness.9.A. The building is name after a successful entrepreneur.B. Could I call you first name ？10.A. I’ve practiced playing the piano for five years.B. It is his practice to take a walk after dinner every evening.unit 51. master mastery masterpieceA. It’s one of the greatest __ masterpieces of Western art.B. I never quite __ mastered __ the art of walking in high heels.C. He doesn’t have __ mastery __ of the basic rules of grammar.2. commit commission commitmentA. He has clearly _ committed __his government to continuing down the path of economic reform.B. You can __ commission _ them to paint something especially for you.C. She d oesn’t want to make a big emotional __ commitment __ to Steve at the moment.3. execute executive executionA. Franklin is in charge of _ executing the company’s reorganization plan.B. The solicitors are proceeding with the _ execution __ of her mot her’s will.C. He sits on the _ executive __ committee that manages the bank.4.present presentation representA. Bear’s Cafe needs to pay more attention to __ presentation __ and taste.B. The goddess is _ represented__ as a woman with cow’s horns.C. The sword was _ presented__ by the family to the museum.D. Were you _ present __ when the news was announced?5. innovator inventor investorA. The patent lists six __ inventors__ who worked on the system.B. Foreign _ investors __ have shown considerable interest in the venture.C. Caesar planned vast projects and emerged as a great military ___ innovators _ .6. breath breathe breathless breathtakingA. We had to stop for _breath__ before we got to the top.B. She lay awake listening to her si ster’s steady __breathing__.C. The bank’s new on-line service is still growing at a __breathtaking_pace.D. I was a little _breathless_ and my heartbeat was bumpy and fast.7. physical physiological psychologicalA. The emotional and _physical_ strain of the previous day had left him exhausted.B. The drug produced no obvious __physiological_ response.C. Robyn’s loss of memory is a _psychological__ problem, rather than a physical one.8. routine disciplineA. Martial arts teach respect, _discipline_, and cooperation.B. We are trying to get the baby into a __routine_ of feeding and sleeping.C. You must _discipline__ yourself to finish your work on time.9. perform perfect practice properA. You’re getting better—you just need a little more _practice_.C. Gemma spent hours trying to __perfect___ her technique.D. In those days it was not thought entirely __proper___ for a woman to be on the stage.10.resistance reaction response reconciliationA. The decision provoked an angry _reaction___ from local residents.B. It took hours of negotiations to bring about a _reconciliation_ between the two sides.C. The demonstrators offered little or no __resistance__ to the police.D. There has been no _response__ to his remarks from the government.●Unit81. She was a woman of uninspiring appearance and a dreadful bore boot .2. Society does not exist in a vacuum, it is influenced by Government policies, the environment and culture.3. Your efforts will be rewarded and you will find that you no longer have to bother about the boring details of everyday life.4. The reward police had offered for any information leading to his arrest is twenty times the average national wage.5. We ended the year with a net profit of 9.7 million, which represents earnings of just 5%.6. Elderly people were still slowly negotiating the hotel steps when the parade started.7. The odds are that he will commit the same crime again.8. The little company battled its way to success, despite the enormous odds .9. Fatal accident have decreased in frequency in recent year.10. The government opened negotiations with the IMF for another loan.1. black and white in black and whiteA. Part of the problem is that we only see the issues as black and white_.B. Once it’s down _ in black and white__, you can’t forget it.C. I still get a thrill seeing re-runs of old _ black-and-white__ movies on Saturday afternoon television.2. on the scene behind the scenes set the sceneA. The accident victim died before the ambulance arrived _ on the scene_.B. Foster set the scene___ before the performance so that the audience knows what to expect.C. Women make their contribution in the world either in high-profile or __ behind the scene_ .3. make a difference make all the difference make any difference make no differenceA. He told me he should have been more careful; but that it would __ make no difference __.B. The lighting will _ make a difference __ to how well people can see the picture.C. Will exercise _ make any difference _ to my chances of getting fat?D. A few kind words at the right time _ make all the difference __.4. work on work out work againstA. If you _ work on _ it steadily you should win through in the end.B. Criticizing the security procedures usually __ work against __ making them effective.C. Why don’t you leave him here till you see how things _ work out ?5. spread out spread through spread toA. Buddhism _ spread to __ China from India.B. Felix watched his men _ spread out _ to cover the whole area.C. A mass movement against forced labor _ spread through __ the state.●Unit91. Thousands of spectators _crammed (b) into the stadium to see the game.2. Tell the students to blow up the _balloon _(a)_ and then tape the straw to it.3. Most river tourists travel in big noisy motor rigs, which _crash (a)__through all but the biggest rapids4. Jill _crammed (a)_ her clothes into the bag.5. He lost control of his car at the first bend and _crashed (a)_ .6. We _crammed (d)_ in as much sightseeing as possible during our stay in New York.7. The company’s debt has _ballooned (c)__ in the past year.8. You can _crash (b)__ at our place if you can’t get a ride home.9. We’ll have to get out of this situation before the _balloon (b)_ goes up.10. As house sales have __slumped (b)___, so has spending in department-store on items like furniture, carpets and electrical appliances.11. It is believed that the proceeds from the sale will go into a __trust (c) _ fund for the children.12. The hardest thing is finding a car dealer you can _trust (d)!13. I was fortunate enough to have very __liberal (c) _ parents.14. The post-war _slump (c) __ sent the unemployment figures soaring to twice the expected level.15. That decision did not win her much support from _liberals (b)__ and moderates.16. When he is 25, the trustees will give him full control of his _trust (b)__ fund.…………1)employment 2) __ paid _ 3)___ adjust 4)__ setting _ 5)__ discouraged 6)__ credit 7) ___ cite _ 8)__ demonstrate9)___ teamwork10)___ rules_.1）integration 2） choice 3） handed 4） aspiring 5) steaming 6）masterpiece 7） pleasure 8）partake9）amazing10） present……1) written 2) practiced 3) adapted 4) fundamental 5) soul 6) described 7) mental 8) state of being 9) pictured 10) exercises 11) control 12) experiences13) including14) individuals15) medical…………Classes last from 30 to 90 minutes and are offered at various skill levels. …… 1) were to 2) inefficient 3) paved with 4) obliged 5) evidence 6)substantial decrease 7) potential 8) consumed9) possible10) the same…………risk of being killed.……1)__ expensive_ 2) than_ 3) higher_ 4)_imported 5) due to_ 6) Communities 7) remote 8) _wages9) subsidized10)_allowance_……payment to help offset the higher cost of living.●Unit 11) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.译文：而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而使所有其他形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。