unit14知识点补充

Unit14 Careers知识点补充

一、词性变化

1. chemist n. 化学家chemistry n. 化学chemical adj. 化学的

2. receptionist n. 接待员reception n. 接待receive v. 接待

3. typist n. 打字员type v. 打字typewriter n. 打字机

4. summary n. 摘要，总结summarize v. 总结

5. guidance n. 指导guide v. 指导guide n. 导游

6. comprehension n. 理解comprehensive adj. 综合的，有理解力的comprehend v. 理解

7. consult v. 向……请教；查阅consultant n. 顾问

搭配：向某人请教某事consult sb about sth

与某人商议某事consult with sb on/ about sth

eg: 我们需要向律师咨询一下这个问题。

——We need to consult a lawyer about this problem.

联想：“查阅字典”的相关表达：consult the dictionary; refer to the dictionary;

look up the word in the dictionary

运用：

1) 你向医生咨询了你的病情了吗？

Have you consulted a doctor about your illness?

2)你应该跟你的父亲商议这件事。

You should consult the matter with your father.

3)His parents consulted with the teacher on what to do to help him with his studies.

8. casual adj. 随意的；非正式的（反义词）formal casually adv. 随意地

9. nursery n. 托儿所，保育室nurse n. 护士

10. appointment n. 约会，约见appoint v. 指定，任命，约定

11. childhood n. 童年child n.儿童childish adj.幼稚的childless adj. 没有子女的

12. moral n. 道德moral adj. 道德的

13. basis n. 基础，根据basic adj. 基本的（搭配）be basic to

base v. 以……为基础（搭配）be based on

14. surrounding adj. 附近的，周围的surroundings n. 周围环境surround v. 包围

15. wisdom n. 智慧wise adj. 智慧的

16. junior adj. 低级的，资浅的，年少的senior adj. 高级的，年长的拓展：be junior to 比…职位低，比…年龄小junior high school 初中be senior to 比…职位高，比…年龄大senior high school 高中

eg：（1）他比在这里工作的其他人的职位都低。

He is junior to all the people who work here.

(2)他比我大两岁。

He is two years senior to me.

17. universe n. 宇宙universal adj. 宇宙的，普通的

18. overcome vt.战胜，克服overcame （过去式）overcome （过去分词）

19. illegal adj.不合法的，违法的（反义词）legal adj.合法的

20. existence n.存在existent adj.存在的，exist v. 存在

21. glory n. 光荣，荣誉glorious adj.光荣的gloriously adv.光荣地

22. bend v. 弯腰，bent （过去式）bent （过去分词）

23. hesitate v. 犹豫hesitation n. 犹豫

24. judgement n. 判断，判断力，judge v. 判断，n. 法官，裁判

25.decrease v. 减少，降低（反义词）增加increase

拓展：decrease to 减少到decrease by 减少了decrease in 在...方面减少on the decrease 在减少

运用：（1）The number of students has decreased to (已减少到) 1,000.

（2）The unemployment has decreased by (已减少了) 30 percent。

（3）The new treatment led to a sharp decrease (急剧减少) in the number of deaths.

26. operate v. 运转，手术operation n. 手术，操作operator n. 操作者

27. respond vi. 回复，回答response n. 反应in response to 对...作出反应拓展：respond to sth.= react to sth. 对...作出反应

respond to sth. by doing sth. 以...方式对...作出反应

respond to sb./sth. with sth. 用…对…作出反应