外研版必修四Unit5知识点详析和练习(有答案)

重点单词详析：

（1）plain

【原句回放】

A plain is a large area of flat low ground. 平原就是大片的低矮平地。

【点拨】

plain n. 平原；草原；adj. 清楚的；明白的；简单的；朴素的；单纯的

in plain English 用浅显的英语

in plain clothes 衣着朴素；着便衣

plain sailing 十分顺利；一帆风顺

Have you been to the Great Plains of the US?你曾经去过美国的大平原吗？

He made it plain that he did not like me.他很坦白地说他不喜欢我。

She wore a plain brown dress.她穿了一件普通的棕色衣服。

He placed the paper in a plain envelope. 他把论文装进一个空白信封里。

（2）surround

【原句回放】

A lake is an area of water surrounded by land.一个湖泊就是被一片陆地包围的水域。

【点拨】

surround v.围绕；环绕

surround sb./sth. with sb./sth.使某人(某物)包围某人(某物)

be surrounded by/with sth./sb. 被某物/某人所包围

surround oneself with和……在一起;与……为伍

West Lake is surrounded by/with willow trees.西湖被柳树环绕。

David loved to surround himself with young people.戴维很喜欢和年轻人在一起。

It took me weeks to get used to my new surroundings.我花了几星期的时间才适应了新环境。

【拓展】

surrounding adj.周围的;附近的

surroundings n.(pl.) 环境(同environment，着重指自然环境);周围的事物

in the surrounding area 在周围地区

the surrounding scenery 四周的景色

（3）narrow

【原句回放】

The gorge narrows to 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high mountain. 江水在两公里高的峰峦间奔流，峡谷的最狭窄处只有350英尺。

【点拨】

narrow adj. 狭窄的；窄小的；勉强的；刚刚好的；狭隘的；目光短浅的; v. 使窄小；变窄；缩小narrow down 减少；限制；缩小；变窄

narrow...to... 把……局限在……之内

There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall.床和墙之间只有一条窄缝。He lost the race by the narrowest of margin.他因极小的差距在赛跑中落败。

She has a very narrow view of the world.她对世界的认识是非常狭隘的。

We need to narrow the health divide between the rich and the poor.

我们需要缩小穷人和富人的健康差距。

【拓展】narrow­minded adj. 气量小的；狭隘的

narrowish adj. 有些狭窄的

narrowly adv. 狭窄地；勉强地；好容易(才)

（4）forbid

【原句回放】

Swimming from the boat is forbidden. 禁止下船游泳。

【点拨】

forbid(forbade, forbidden, forbidding) vt. 禁止,阻止;不许;使避免发生，反义词为allow, permit；

forbid (one’s) doing sth.禁止(某人)做某事

forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事

forbid sb. sth.禁止某人某事

Swimming from the boat is forbidden. 禁止下船游泳。

He was forbidden to leave the base as a punishment.作为惩罚,他被禁止离开基地。

The new law forbids smoking in offices.新法律禁止在办公室抽烟。

He was in poor health, so the doctor forbade him to drink wine.

他健康状况不好,因此,医生禁止他喝酒。

【拓展】

forbid后跟动词时要用动词的-ing形式,而“禁止某人做某事”应用forbid sb. to do sth.,有类似用法的还有：allow, encourage, advise, permit等。它们既可用于allow/ encourage/ advise/ permit sb. to do sth.,也可用于allow/ encourage/ advise/permit doing sth.。

forbiddance n. 禁止

forbidding adj. 可怕的;令人难亲近的

forbidden adj.禁止的;严禁的

the Forbidden City紫禁城

（5）view

【原句回放】

He always chooses a postcard with a beautiful view ,and sticks on an interesting stamp.

他总是选一张有美丽风景的明信片,并贴上一张有趣的邮票。

【点拨】