高中英语 高考阅读理解专项训练——应用文(含答案详解)

2020-2021高考英语阅读理解专项训练（应用文）AEurope's most beautiful placesEurope is an amazingly varied place．The old continent's historic cities and its Mediterranean beaches draw many of its visitors，but the best destinations are sometimes its more remote corners，known mainly to locals and a few brave travelers．Lake Inari，FinlandHigh above the Arctic Circle and close to Finland's border with Russia，Lake Inari is a year round paradise．Dark，snowy winters make it ideal for catching a glimpse of the aurora borealis．Its tree-lined banks glow a burnt orange during autumn and in summer，you can swim in its chilly shallows．The center of local Sami culture，it's as remote and traditional as Finland gets．Unst，Shetland Isles，ScotlandThe most northerly occupied island of the British Isles，Unst is a wild，rugged place where seas crash into the dramatic Muckle Flugga sea stacks．The later are a harbor for gannets （塘鵒）during breeding season，with birdwatchers also treated to the sight of searching skuas （贼鸥）．Yorkshire Dales，EnglandIts narrow lanes lined with drys tone walls cry out to cyclists seeking marvelous adventures while its moody hill continually attract walkers，no matter the weather Geological wonders such as the limestone spectacles of Malham Cove and Gordale Scar make it perhaps the most beautiful part of the British IslesLoire Valley，FranceChateau de Chambord and Chateau de Chenonceau are the most famous，filled with classic viewing towers，formal gardens and boating lakes．Throw in a tour of its graperies，where some of the world's finest wines are produced，and its glamour is impossible to ignore．1.According to the passage，the best destinations in Europe are ______ ．A. historic cities and Mediterranean beachesB. known to people around the worldC. familiar to only a handful of peopleD. similar to each other with no obvious differences2.If you are a cyclist interested in adventures，you'd better choose ______ ．A. Unst，Shetland Isles，ScotlandB. Yorkshire Dales，EnglandC. Loire Valley．FranceD. Lake Inari，FinlandFox Hollow Salmon River Lodge 2740 NYS-13Altmar NY 13302Work Phone：315-298-2876Work Email：foxhollowlodge@hotmail．comWebsite：www．foxhollowsalmonriverlodge．com Our property features 160 feet of Salmon River frontage，a lodge （乡间小屋）with private bedrooms and a living room with TV．We also have cabins（小木屋）that sleep 4 to 8 people and are fully equipped with efficiency kitchens and TV．For those who like to rough it，we have a small campground with sites for RV's （房车）- Besides，tent sites are available along with a bathhouse．There are ATV （沙滩车）Trails accessible right from our lodge property．The Fox Hollow Lodge setting offers excellent cross-country skiing and snowmobiling in the area．Get on the trail right across the road．Stop in to fish，hunt，camp，snowmobile，ski or just relax．You can do it all here．We can accommodate your special party，family outings，reunions，receptions．And catering for your party is our specialty．Enjoy pig roast，chicken，smoked turkey，steak，hotdogs，and burgers for the kids；you name the menu and we will cook it for your party．The Only Stop You Need To MakeWe are your one-stop shop for all your Salmon River needs．Clean rooms，wireless internet，comfortable，TV．The Fox Hollow Lodge is just what you have been looking for at the Salmon River．Spring，Summer，Winter and Fall，the Fox Hollow Lodge has them all! Book your stay today!3.Who would like to live in a RV's______A. Those who are not particular about life conveniences．B. Those who want to enjoy quality life in the suburbs．C. Those who plan to organize family outings and parties．D. Those who are desperate to join in cross-country skiing．4.Fox Hollow Salmon River Lodge specializes in ______ ．A. establishing various ways of inquiringB. having good facilities for enjoying natureC. guiding visitors around the Salmon RiverD. providing good service for visitors' partiesThe Shepherd's Life by James Rebanks Reviewed by HelenaNo lyrical, romantic account, but a hard-bitten. dull anddown-to-earth story of a family, a community and an environment. A story of cycles-of seasons, years, people, generations, stretches back centuries.A story of farming which only exists now in the remoter, wilder region of the UK, where the land is too hard and the environment too harsh for farming to be an "agribusiness". Where success, survival of farms, their sheep are dependent on knowledge passed down through generations and shared between farmers and shepherds in a small, close-knit and mutually-dependent community. A story of people hefted to their land every bit as much as their sheep are hefted to their fells.A Walk in the Woods by Bill BrysonReviewed by T. BentlyHaving read all of Bill Bryson's travel books, this was the last one left. I hadn't read this because I had been told it was one of his weakest one. But I decided, through no other reason that I needed a hit of Bryson, to read it. People couldn't have been more wrong. From the very beginning of assessing the feasibility, arranging for Katz to accompany him to the purchasing of his equipment and the purchasing of "a large knife for killing bears and hillbillies", Bryson is at his absolute best. His cute eye is a wise witness to this beautiful but fragile but fragile trail. His encounters along the trail and Katz anti-social, childish antics (滑稽动作) make the first 150 pages more than a laugh-out-loud-hike. I couldn't have been more surprised. An adventure, a comedy, and a celebration, A Walk in the Woods is destined to become a modem classic.5.In The Shepherd's Life, James Rebanks takes readers through a shepherds' life ______.A. little noticed, and deeply attached to the harsh landB. alternated by the seasons and changed by the generationsC. featuring a hard struggle in the remote and beautiful areaD. spent in a profitable agricultural and friendly community6.What does the reviewer wants to convey by saying "People couldn't have been morewrong."?A. Bryson's travelling experience is laughable.B. Bryson's travel book is the best seller in travelling literature.C. A Walk in the Woods combines artistic quality well with natural beauty.D. It's a pity that people turn a blind eye to Bryson's travelling experience.DBackJoy Orthotic Seat：Easy，Drug-Free Relief from Back PainWhy BackJoy？BackJoy is an innovative device that provides relief from back discomfort by aiding in maintaining your posture （姿势）anywhere you sit，hard or soft seats．● Proven effective � over 2.0 million units sold，durable to provide long-lasting support ● Recommended by doctors and nurses● Safe and effective � a natural alternativeBack Pain Is A Problem!● We average over 9+ hours of sitting each day!● 80% of adults will suffer from back pain in their life ● Back pain is the No．2 reason for visiting the doctor● Mom was right："Sit up straight!"How to useBackJoy is made small on purpose．It is designed to cradle the space around the two sitting bones at the base of your pelvis and must be smaller than your buttocks to do so．● Sit on top of itHandle goes in front and between your legs● Pull it tight & cup to fitFeel it cup & lift your hips above the seat from below youBACKJOY® FAQQ：When should I feel results？A：Many users experience immediate relief，and some require several weeks of regular use to feel the benefits of their BackJoy．Q：Will BackJoy work for my condition A：BackJoy will not cure your back pain，but it will relieve the pressures caused by sitting．*BackJoy seat products will not work for you if you have been confined to a wheel chair，or if you have trouble standing or walking for any length of time．7.Which of the following statements is True？______A. You will be free of back pain after you use BackJoy．B. Most of the users will experience immediate relief．C. 94% of the doctors and nurses recommend it to others．D. A majority of adults experience pain back in their life．8.It can be inferred that ______ ．A. BackJoy doesn't work on soft couchesB. BackJoy works for any health conditionC. BackJoy can help users to adjust the way they are sittingD. BackJoy doesn't work for adults weighing less than 90lbsEIT'S ENOUGH TO MAKE YOU BLUE IN THE FACETime to lake a stand against overpriced watches with theStauer Urban Blue，now only ﹩29You need a new watch…the one you are wearing was madewhen Nixon was in office，but extravagantly-priced watchesthat add zeros just because of a well-known name are an insult to your logic．It's absolutely possible to have the highest quality，precision classic timepiece without the high and mighty price tag．Here comes the Stauer Urban Blue．Packed with high-cod watch performance and style，minus the high-end price lag．It's everything a high-end watch should be：Sturdy stainless steel and construction．Precision timing that's accurate to four seconds a day-that's more 27-jewel automatic watch priced at over ﹩6，000．Your great escape from the over-priced watch craze．At Stauer，we go directly to the source （cutting out the middleman），designs．This means we can offer a top quality timepiece that happens to only cost the same as two well-made cocktails at your favorite bar．So，while we're busy revolutionizing the watch industry to bring you more real value，you can take your own stand against overpriced watches with the Urban Blue．Your satisfaction is 100% guaranteed．Wear the Urban Blue for 30 days．If you're not convinced that you achieved excellence for less，it back for a refund of the item price．The Urban Blue is one of our fastest sellers．It takes six months to engineer this watch so don't wait．Limited to the first 1900 responders to this ad only．Stauer Urban Blue Watch ﹩199Offer Code Price ﹩29 +S&P Save ﹩1701-800-333-20459.What is the selling point of the Urban Blue______A. It was made when Nixon was in office．B. It is the most precise watch in the world．C. It is designed by the company's own engineers．D. It is high in quality but amazingly low in price．10.To guarantee customers' satisfaction，the watch producer promises that ______ ．A. they will reduce the engineering time in the futureB. they will sell the watch always at a price of ﹩29C. customers can wear the watch on trial for 3 monthsD. customers can return the watch for a full refund within 30 daysFOver the past few years，smart home tech has become more and more accessible and it's increasingly easy to find that you've bought a product that includes smart home features．So what does a modern smart home look like，and how can you start building one？You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets．Ecobee 4*Measuring both occupancy and temperature，its sensors signal your Ecobee to automatically switch to the right mode．*It only takes about 30 minutes，thanks to an easytofollow installation guide and an inapp stepbystep walkthrough．*Easily adjust temperature using your voice with builtin Alexa or from wherever you are using your mobile devices．Amazon Smart Plug*Amazon Smart Plug works with Alexa to add voice control．*Schedule lights，fans，and appliances to turn on and off automatically，or control them remotely when you're away．*It's simple to set up and use．Plug in，open Alexa app，and start using your voice．The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb*It works with Amazon Alexa to support dimming through voice control．*Schedule your own custom lighting scenes．Set the smart bulbs to turn on and off at a preset time．*To install，simply screw（拧）the smart bulbs into your desired light location．*Control smartbulbequipped lamps and overhead lights via the Philips Hue App．August Smart Lock Pro*It works with Alexa for voice control（Alexa device sold separately）．*Control keyless access．It locks automatically behind you，and unlocks as you approach．*Install in about 10 minutes with just a screwdriver（螺丝刀）．11.What do the four gadgets have in common？______A. Useful Philips Hue App．B. Beautiful lighting scenes．C. Easy installation and simple setup．D. Pleasant temperature．12.This passage is intended to ______ ．A. introduce the gadgets of smart homeB. provide advice for home decorationC. compare the gadgets with othersD. show the popularity of the gadgetsGAs you enter university，you are likely to be confused by new demands and challenges．You need to decide for yourselves what you want to achieve when you graduate．It is important that you have appropriate and realistic expectations of a university education and know how far you can go towards achieving your personal and academic goals，so that you will have a sense of achievement at the end of your first year as well as when you graduate．This website aims to be a quick one stop information hub to help you understand more about learning at HKU and make better use of HKU's support services．University Life is an adventure that-literally-everyone here is a key player．Your strategic moves at each stage have a direct impact on the outcomes of this adventure．The key to winning is mainly about how you manage your resources，especially your time．Most successful players engage themselves in activities that meet their needs and goals．First Year ExperienceAs a new player，you may find yourself standing at the crossroads and wondering which directions you should go．An open mind for handling new challenges and a roadmap or planning and setting priorities during your stay at HKU are what you need to start your journey．And don't forget to check out the following to familiarise yourself with the "game rules"，"support and resources" and "opportunity cards" on hand：*HKU Education aims to know what you are expected to achieve．*The key cards that contribute to your academic，professional and social excellence，e．g．Horizons Office，Common Core，Centre for Snorts and Exercise （CSE），Centre for Applied English Studies （CAES）．13.According to the passage，which is the most important for students，academic success？______A. Seeking support from their teachers．B. Setting personal and academic goals．C. Being familiar with school facilities．D. Making good use of their time．14.The purpose of this website is to ______ ．A. attract more excellent students to attend HKUB. help new students adapt to their university lifeC. encourage students to seek adventure at universityD. advertise roadmaps and key cards among studentsHA SPORTS EVENTS BASKETBALLCentral Sports Centre，City Road．All Stars vs Rockets，Saturday 8：30 p．m﹩12 Northerners vs Tigers，Sunday noon ﹩14BUSH WALKINGMeet at Wanda Station，Saturday 9：00 a．m．sharp for 3-hour walk to Canary Mountains．﹩7，call 341-5432．Meet at Westley Station Sunday 9：00 a．m．sharp for a full day walk to Wombak Valley．SOCCERSt Martins Sports CentreSt Martins vs Doonsberg，Saturday 2：00 p．m﹩8 Eastside Central vs Light Hill，Sunday 2：00 p．m﹩8 Neill ParkRecreation CentreNeill Park vs Robinson，Saturday 2：00 p．m．﹩11 Essen vs Springwood，Sunday 2：00 p．m．﹩11LAWN BOWLSTans Town B．CTans Town vs White Vale，Saturday 9：00p．m．﹩10 Wake Hill B．C．Wake Hill vs Colls，Saturday 2：00 p．m．﹩915.______ sports events are to be held at Saturday 2：00 p．m．according to the passage．A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five16.You may find the passage most probably in a ______ ．A. handbook about tourB. notice about sportsC. magazine about ball matchesD. blog about match reviews17.If you have ﹩18，you can go to both ______ ．A. All Stars vs Rockets and the Bush Walking at Westley StationB. Wake Hill vs Coll and Essen vs SpringwoodC. Neill Park vs Robinson and Eastside Central vs Light HillD. St Martins vs Doonsberg and Northerners vs TigersICastel dell' Ovo is one of Naples' most famous monuments．It offers sweeping views over the city and Mount Vesuvius in the distance．The BasicsThe site on which Castel dell' Ovo now stands has a long history，beginning as a settlement for Greek colonists（殖民地定居者）．The current castle was built in the 15th century，and today，the 19th-century fishing village of Borgo Marinari，known for its excellent seafood restaurants and marina（游艇停靠区），sits at the base of the castle．The Egg CastleThe origin of the castle's name comes from a story about the Roman poet Virgil，who is said to have placed a magical egg in the foundations beneath where the castle now stands．As long as the egg stays well，Castel dell' Ovo will remain standing．Things to Know Before you Go• Castel dell' Ovo is a must-see for history and architecture enthusiasts．• Admission to the castle and the museum is free．• The inner halls of the castle are open to the public only during special events and exhibitions；the ramparts （城墙）and towers are always open．• There is a lift from the ground floor to the ramparts，making the castle accessible to wheelchairs．How to Get ThereCastel dell' Ovo is located in the Bay of Naples just off the coastal road．Bus 151 from the train station and 140 from the port stop at Castel dell' Ovo．When to Get thereThe castle is open Monday through Saturday from 8：30 am to 7 pm，and Sundays and holidays from 8：30 am to 1：30 pm．The Prehistoric Museum is open only on weekends from 10 am to 1 pm．As Naples is one of Italy's most visited cities，its sights can be very crowded in the high-season summer months．Visit in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the crowds and to take advantage of the best light for taking photos from the castle's towers．Book Online or Call +1（702）648-587318.Whose settlement did the site of Castel dell' Ovo belong to ______A. British colonists'．B. French colonists'．C. Greek colonists'．D. German colonists'．19.Which of the following correctly describes Castel dell' Ovo______A. It lies next to Mount Vesuvius．B. It's also named the Egg castle．C. It was originally built in the 19th century．D. It's well-known for its seafood and marina．20.Who are most probably interested in visiting Castel dell' Ovo？______A. History lovers．B. Sports lovers．C. Literature lovers．D. Astronomy lovers．21.What should you know before you tour Castel dell' Ovo______A. The tickets have to be booked in advance．B. Those with leg problems can not tour the ramparts．C. It's easily accessible by bus from the train station．D. The towers can be visited only during special events．22.When should you go to the Prehistoric Museum______A. On Sundays from 8：30 to 13：30．B. On holidays from 9：00 to 13：30．C. On weekdays from 8：30 to 19：00．D. On weekends from 10：00 to 13：00．JThe Secure ChildBy Stanley Greenspan，M．D．Publisher：Da Capo Press & Reprint PressPrint list price：£5.99Kindle price：£ 2.99，save £3.00In this book，Dr．Stanley Greenspan offers a set of guiding principles to help parents of children -from preschoolers to teenagers - so that they feel secure in their homes，their schools，and in the society at large．Building Healthy MindsBy Stanley Greenspan，M．D．& Nancy LewisPublisher：Da Capo PressPrint list price：£ 7.99Kindle price：£ 4．49，save £ 3.50The book applies Dr．Greenspan' s developmental theories to a child' s everyday life 一with practical，delightful observations and advice．Every parent wants to raise a bright，happy，and moral child，but until Stanley Greenspan did much research on the building blocks of such qualities，no one could show parents how and when these qualities begin．The Learning TreeBy Stanley Greenspan，M．D．& Nancy Thorndike GreenspanPublisher：Da Capo PressPrint list price：£ 11.99Kindle price：£ 7．99，save £ 4.00Using the metaphor（隐喻）of a tree，Dr．Stanley Greenspan explains that the roots represent how children take in the world through what they hear，see，smell，and touch．The trunk represents thinking skills through which children grow both academically andsocially．The branches represent children's basic abilities to read，write，do math，and organize their work．The Challenging ChildBy Stanley Greenspan，M．D．& Jacqueline SalmonPublisher：Da Capo PressPrint list price：£ 5.99Kindle price：£ 4.24，save £ 1.75Most children fall into five basic types that come from inborn physical characteristics：the sensitive child，the self-absorbed child，the defiant （反叛的）child，the inattentive child，and the aggressive child．Stanley Greenspan，M．D．is the first to show parents how to match their parenting to the challenges of their particular child．23.Which book saves most on its Kindle edition？______A. The Secure ChildB. Building Healthy MindsC. The Learning TreeD. The Challenging Child24.What common theme do the four books carry？______A. The types of children．B. Children's learning abilities．C. Advice on educating children．D. Children's moral development．25.What can we know about Stanley Greenspan______A. He wrote the four books on his own．B. He's the first to study children's types．C. He has been working hard in Da Capo Press'D. He based Building Healthy Minds on his study．答案和解析A【解析】1．C 细节理解题．根据第一段"Europe is an amazingly varied place． The old continent's historic cities and its Mediterrane anbeaches draw many of its visitors， but the best destinations are sometimes its more remote c orners，known mainly to locals and a few brave travelers．欧洲是一个变化惊人的地方，古老大陆的历史城市和地中海海滩吸引了许多游客，但最好的目的地有时是它更偏远的角落，主要为当地人和一些勇敢的旅行者所知．"可知欧洲最好的目的地只有少数人熟悉．故选C．2．B 细节理解题．根据Yorkshire Dales， England部分"Its narrow lanes lined with drys tone walls cry out to cyclists seeking marvelous adventures while its moody hill continually attract walkers， no matter the weather它狭窄的车道两旁是干色调的墙壁，呼喊着骑车人寻求奇妙的冒险，而它阴郁的山丘则不断吸引着步行者，无论天气如何"可知如果你是一个对冒险感兴趣的骑车人，你最好选择去Yorkshire Dales， England．故选B．本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了欧洲最美的几个地方．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义B【解析】答案：3．A．细节理解题．A．那些对生活便利不太在意的人．B．想在郊区享受优质生活的人．c．计划组织家庭出游和聚会的人．d．渴望参加越野滑雪的人．根据第1段最后一句， For those who like to rough it， we have a small campground with sites for RV's （房车）- Besides， tent sites are available along with a bathhouse．这句话意思为"对于那些喜欢粗糙的地方，我们有一个小的露营地，有房车（房车）的场地--此外，帐篷场地和浴室都有．"可以判断出A项符合．故选A．4．D．细节理解题．A．建立各种查询方式．B．有良好的自然观赏设施．C．带领游客游览三文鱼河．d．为来访者的聚会提供良好的服务．根据倒数第二段最后一句，And catering for your party is our specialty． Enjoy pig roast， chicken， smoked turkey，steak， hotdogs， and burgers for the kids； you name the menu and we will cook it for your party．这句话句意为"为您的聚会提供餐饮是我们的特色．请为孩子们享用烤猪、鸡肉、烟熏火鸡、牛排、热狗和汉堡；您说出菜单的名字，我们会为您的聚会烹饪．"可知D项符合．故选D．本题是一片宣传Fox Hollow Salmon River Lodge这个旅店的文章，主要介绍了它的特色及提供的服务．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．C【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了两本书——詹姆斯•雷班克斯的《牧羊人的生活》和比尔•布赖森的《林中漫步》。