育苗播种机外文翻译(中文含外文出处)

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外文翻译--机器零件的设计

外文翻译--机器零件的设计

毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系部:机械工程系专业:机械工程及自动化姓名:学号:外文出处:Design of machine elements(用外文写)附件:1.外文资料翻译译文;2.外文原文。

附件1:外文资料翻译译文机器零件的设计相同的理论或方程可应用在一个一起的非常小的零件上,也可用在一个复杂的设备的大型相似件上,既然如此,毫无疑问,数学计算是绝对的和最终的。

他们都符合不同的设想,这必须由工程量决定。

有时,一台机器的零件全部计算仅仅是设计的一部分。

零件的结构和尺寸通常根据实际考虑。

另一方面,如果机器和昂贵,或者质量很重要,例如飞机,那么每一个零件都要设计计算。

当然,设计计算的目的是试图预测零件的应力和变形,以保证其安全的带动负载,这是必要的,并且其也许影响到机器的最终寿命。

当然,所有的计算依赖于这些结构材料通过试验测定的物理性能。

国际上的设计方法试图通过从一些相对简单的而基本的实验中得到一些结果,这些试验,例如结构复杂的及现代机械设计到的电压、转矩和疲劳强度。

另外,可以充分证明,一些细节,如表面粗糙度、圆角、开槽、制造公差和热处理都对机械零件的强度及使用寿命有影响。

设计和构建布局要完全详细地说明每一个细节,并且对最终产品进行必要的测试。

综上所述,机械设计是一个非常宽的工程技术领域。

例如,从设计理念到设计分析的每一个阶段,制造,市场,销售。

以下是机械设计的一般领域应考虑的主要方面的清单:①最初的设计理念②受力分析③材料的选择④外形⑤制造⑥安全性⑦环境影响⑧可靠性及寿命在没有破坏的情况下,强度是抵抗引起应力和应变的一种量度。

这些力可能是:①渐变力②瞬时力③冲击力④不断变化的力⑤温差如果一个机器的关键件损坏,整个机器必须关闭,直到修理好为止。

设计一台新机器时,关键件具有足够的抵抗破坏的能力是非常重要的。

设计者应尽可能准确地确定所有的性质、大小、方向及作用点。

机器设计不是这样,但精确的科学是这样,因此很难准确地确定所有力。

免耕播种机农业用机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

免耕播种机农业用机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

中国地质大学长城学院本科毕业设计外文资料翻译系别:工程技术系专业:机械设计制造及其自动化姓名:孙亚鑫学号: 052116222015 年 4 月 1 日外文原文No-tillage drillIt is a significative mission for the persons majoring in agriculture mechanics to spread conservation agriculture, especially in the region adopting the double cropping mode. The culture condition in these areas gives some special problem to drill. For example, it is pressing to plant wheat as the follow course of maize; At that time the stalks cover is so heavy and the stalks are so flexile that the block is serious; The bushy maize root makes the earth surface too rough to drill in the no-tillage procedure; And seed bareness is familiar when adopting machines with gravity-root-broken mechanisms, etc. Presently, most native or foreign no-tillage drill can not finish the work smoothly. Designing and manufacturing row-controlled no-tillage wheat drill have been recited in this article based on the analysis and studies of the intention and principles of the conservation tillage.Nowadays the core problem is anti-blocking in the research and design of no-tillage planters domestic and abroad. Although many agricultural machine experts have made some progress, the anti-blocking problem is not solved in grain. Based on it, through classifying and analyzing the anti-blocking equipment used by no-tillage planters and its principle, contrasting their respective strongpoint and shortcoming, in the light of the mulching stalk property and the contrast of two kinds of cutting methods, the radical theory and general framework project of the sliding cutting type anti-blocking equipment are worked out.A new-concept of no-till wheat planter, named 2BMD-12 no-till row-follow wheat planter, had been developed by China Agricultural University to solve an extremely important problem which is zero tillage planting of wheat in narrow row spacing (150-200mm) between rows of very high-levels full length, standing maize stubble in one pass in the double cropping situation of North China. A powered rotary strip-chopping unit was placed forward of each single row of planter tines to ensure that the above-ground section of the planter tine is kept free from residue blockage. Field performance test of the machine demonstrated that it could be a good choice to work effectively for much of the time under more diffcult residue conditions than that most other planters could tolerate especially when it follows well between the standing maize stubble rows.But there are still some problems existing for the rotary strip-chopping unit, planting unit and ground wheels etc. The thesis focused on improving the design of the machine to solve these problems.(1)The strip-chopping axis was redesigned to reduce vibration and power consumption by adjusting the arrangement of the knives and on the basis of analyzing the forces on the axis. The improved machine can adapt to maize row spacing from 500mm to 700mm.(2)More improvements were done on the planning unit focusing on the blockage and depth control issues. A new anti-blockage mechanism, which combines the powered chopping and disc opener, was designed and tested. Fertilizer was applied using the narrow tine opener with chopping unit in front of each tine; while a double disc opener, which is proved to have highresidue handling capacity, was installed right behind each tine to seed into the fertilizer furrow. This new design reduced the blockage between planting units. Meanwhile seeding depth of each row can be controlled separately by the ground feeling mechanism on each double-disc opener.So do the mode analysis in the finite element analysis software ANSYS and make appropriate remedy for the main frame and the main shaft. Get a compact firm steady model in the software interface.The block can be eliminated when the knives of pulverizes run through the abutted furrow opener stems. The problem of rough seeding bed is avoided in the use of row controlled method. It is more appropriate to the definition of conservative tillage for disturbing less soil. Seeding and fertilization can be finished in the single course in the field with average cover degree of 4kg/㎡. and all maize standing. It can save time, increase soil fertility, lessen the working procedure to use the drill. Finally, it will reduce the agriculture input.外文资料翻译译文免耕播种机在我国广大一年两熟地区大力推广保护性耕作是目前该地区农机工作者的重要任务之一,其意义深远。

农业英语词汇大全了解农业科技的发展

农业英语词汇大全了解农业科技的发展

农业英语词汇大全了解农业科技的发展农业是人类社会最基本的产业之一,而随着科技的发展,农业也得到了很大的改进和提升。

了解农业科技的发展对于农业从业人员和农业爱好者来说都是十分重要的。

本文将介绍一些与农业相关的英语词汇,帮助读者更好地了解农业科技的发展。

一、农业机械化技术(Agricultural Mechanization Technology)1. 拖拉机(Tractor)- 农业机械化的核心设备之一,用于耕种、收割、运输等。

2. 播种机(Seeder)- 用于将种子均匀地撒在土地上。

3. 收割机(Harvester)- 用于收割农作物,如小麦、玉米等。

二、农业生产与管理(Agricultural Production and Management)1. 灌溉系统(Irrigation System)- 用于给农田进行定量的供水,提高农作物的产量和质量。

2. 施肥(Fertilization)- 给土壤中的植物提供营养以促进其生长。

3. 病虫害防治(Pest and Disease Control)- 采用合理的方法预防和控制病虫害对作物的损害。

三、农产品加工与贮藏(Agricultural Product Processing and Storage)1. 食品加工(Food Processing)- 对农产品进行加工,如面粉加工、果汁加工等。

2. 冷藏技术(Refrigeration Technology)- 用于保持农产品的新鲜度和延长其贮藏期限。

3. 真空包装(Vacuum Packaging)- 通过排除包装中的空气,减少细菌和氧气对食品的影响。

四、农业环境与资源保护(Agricultural Environmental and Resource Protection)1. 土壤保持(Soil Conservation)- 采取措施保护和改善土壤的质量,减少土壤侵蚀。

2. 水资源保护(Water Resource Protection)- 合理利用水资源,防止水污染和水体退化。

种子播种机说明书

种子播种机说明书

Seed Sowing MachineNikalesh Vaidya1, Vipin Choudhari2, Manoj Balchanne3, Chaitanya Patil4, Shubham Muley5, AshwinThakare6, Dr.Atul Waghmare71, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 student, KDK College of Engineering Umrer7professor, KDK College of Engineering UmrerAbstract-The basic objective of showing operation is to put the seed and fertilizer in rows at desired depth and seed to seed spacing, cover the seeds with soil and provide proper compaction over the seed. The recommended row to row spacing, seed rate, seed to seed spacing and depth of seed placement vary from crop to crop and for different agro-climatic conditions to achieve optimum yields. The comparison between the traditional sowing method and the new proposed machine which can perform a number of simultaneous operations and has a number of advantages. As day by day the labor availability becomes the great concern for the farmers and labor cost is more, this machine reduces the efforts and total cost of sowing the seeds and fertilizer placement.I. INTRODUCTIONSeed sowing machine is a device which helps in the sowing of seeds in the desired position hence assisting the farmers in saving time and money. The basic objective of sowing operation is to put the seed and seed in rows at desired depth and seed to seed spacing, cover the seeds with soil and provide proper compaction over the seed. The paper discusses different aspects of seed sowing machine which will be helpful for the agriculture industry to move towards mechanization. The agricultural industry has always been the backbone of India’s sustained growth. As the population of India continues to grow, the demand for produce grows as well. Hence, there is a greater need for Multiple cropping on the farms and this, in turn, requires efficient and high-capacity machines. Mechanization of the Agricultural industry in India is still in a stage of infancy due to the lack of knowledge and the unavailability of advanced tools and machinery. In traditional methods seed sowing is done by broadcasting manually, opening furrows by a plough and dropping seeds by hand. The agricultural has always been the backbone of India’s sustained growth. As the population of India continues to grow, the demand for produce grows as well. Hence, there is a greater need for multiple cropping in the farms and this, in turn, requires efficient and time-saving machines. The paper discusses different types of seed sowing machine which will be helpful for the agriculture industry to move towards mechanization. Traditional Sowing Methods: Traditional methods include broadcasting manually, opening furrows by a country plough and dropping seeds by hand and dropping seeds in the furrow through a bamboo/metal funnel attached to a country plough. For sowing in small areas dibbling i.e., making holes or slits by a stick or tool and dropping seeds by hand, is practiced. Multi row traditional seeding devices with manual metering of seeds are quite popular with experienced farmers. In manual seeding, it is not possible to achieve uniformity in distribution of seeds. A farmer may sow at desired seed rate but inter-row and intra-row distribution of seeds are likely to be uneven resulting in bunching and gaps in the field. Traditional sowing methods have following limitations:ble to achieve uniformity in distribution of seeds.-row and intra-row distribution of seeds are likely to be uneven resulting in bunching and gaps in field Poor control over depth of seed placement. Labor requirement is high because two persons are required for dropping seed and seed. The effect of inaccuracies in seed placement on plant stand is greater in the case of crops India is set to be an agricultural based country approximately 75% of the population of India is dependent on farming directly or indirectly. Our farmers are using the same methods and equipment for the ages. E.g. seed sowing, spraying, weeding etc. There is a need for the development of effective spraying and weeding machine for increasing the productivity. Most of thedeveloping countries of Asia have the problem of high population and low level of land productivity as compared to the developed nations. One of the main reasons for It is now realized the world over that in order to meet the food requirements of the growing population and rapid industrialization, modernization of agriculture is inescapable. It is said that on many farms, production suffers because of improper seedbed preparation and delayed sowing, harvesting, and threshing. Mechanization enables the conservation of inputs through precision in metering ensuring better distribution, reducing quantity needed for better response and prevention of losses or wastage of inputs applied.WORKINGWhen a worker pull wheel rotate. Bevel gear is attached to the wheel shaft, Bevel gears transmit power between two intersecting shafts at any angle or between non- intersecting shafts. They are classified as straight and spiral tooth bevel and hypoid gears. When intersecting shafts are connected by gears, the pitch cones (analogous to the pitch cylinders of spur and helical gears) are tangent along an element, with their apexes at the intersection of the shafts where two bevel gears are in mesh. The size and shape of the teeth are defined at the large end, where they intersect the back cones. Pitch cone and back cone elements are perpendicular to each other.As the motion is transmitted by the gear to the shaft and disk is mounted on the shaft, the disk consist of number of holes, the number of the holes are depends on requirement. Two funnel are used in which seeds can feel, when the end of funnel become coaxial with hole on the disk the seeds from funnel fall down and insert in pipe and from pipe to soil. Also when the end of funnel becomes on plane portion the seeds from the funnel will not come out. In this way the seeds can sow at the required distance.ADVANTAGES1.To manufacture seed sowing machine which canbe operated by the single operator.2.To set fertilizer with sowed seed.3.To level the ground in small extent.4.To enable the machine for the sowing of severalof seed like maize, wheat etc.5.To maintain the same distance between twoseeds at the time of sowing process.SCOPESeed sowing machine is a device which helps in the sowing of seeds in the desired position hence assisting the farmers in saving time and money. So considering these points related to spraying and seed sowing an attempt is made to design and fabricate such equipment which will able to perform both the operations more efficiently and also will result in low cost. Decrease the operational cost by using new mechanism.∙Work reliably under different working conditions.∙Decrease the cost of the machine.∙Decrease labor cost by advancing the spraying method.∙The machine can be operated in the small farming land (1 acre).∙Making such a machine which can be able to perform both the operation.METHODOLOGYSSeed sowing an attempt is made to design and fabricate such equipment which will able to perform the operations more efficiently and also will result in low. Now the project mainly concentrates on designing a suitable operating system. To maintain simplicity and economy in the design the locally fabricated unit has been used. Our project achieves higher safety, reduces human effort, increases the efficiency, reduces the workload, reduces the fatigue of workers and reduces maintenance cost .In our country farming is done by the traditional way,besides that there is the large development of industrial and service sector as compared to that of agriculture. The spraying is traditionally done by labor carrying backpack type which requires more human effort.SPECIFICATIONThe help of Bulls which becomes costly for farmers having small farming land. So to overcome these above two problems, we tried to eliminate these problems and designed the equipment which will be beneficial to the farmer for the spraying and weeding operations. When the equipment is pushed forward by using handles, the front wheel rotates and the gear is mounted on the axle of the wheel is start to rotate and its rotation is then transferred to the pinion through the chain drive. The rotary motion of the pinion is converted into the reciprocating motion by the single slider crank mechanism, due to this arrangement the connecting rod moves upward and downward which then reciprocate the piston of the single acting reciprocating pump mounted at the top of the storage tank. During the upward motion of the connecting rod the pesticide is drawn into the pump and during the downward motion of connecting rod the pesticide is forced to the delivery valve, the delivery is connected to the pipe carrying the number of nozzles. Improved seed-cum-seed drills are provided with seed and seed boxes, metering mechanism, furrow openers, covering devices, frame, ground drive system and controls for variation of seed and seed rates.DESIGN DATA:Velocity ratio =2NO. of teeth on pinion = 25NO. of teeth on gear = 50Diameter of wheel = 300mmCircumference of wheel = 3.1415*300 = 942.4FORMULA:Distance for seed drop = Circumference of wheelNo. of holes*velocity ratio Therefore the distance between two seeds after drop = 235 mmMaterial of gear and pinion as cast iron, high grade.CONCLUSIONInnovative Seed sowing equipments has remarkable influence in agriculture. By using innovative seed sowing equipments we can save more time required for seeding process. And also it reduces lot of laborer cost. It is very helpful for small scale formers.R EFERENCES[1]Mahesh. R. Pundkar and A. K. Mahalle, “ASeed-Sowing Machine: A Review” International Journal of Engineering and Social Science, Volume3, Issue3, Pp-68-74[2]Laukik P. Raut, Smit B. Jaiswal and Nitin Y.Mohite, “Design, development, and fabrication of agricultural pesticides. with weeder”, International Journal of Applied Research and Studies, 2013, Volume 2, Issue 11, Pp-1-8[3] D. Ramesh and H. P. Girishkumar, “AgricultureSeed Sowing Equipment: A Review”, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research, 2014, Volume 3, Issue 7, Pp-1987-1992[4]Pranil V. Sawalakhe, Amit Wandhare, AshishSontakke, Bhushan Patil, Rakesh Bawanwade and Saurabh Kurjekar, “Solar Powered Seed Sowing Machine”, Global Journal of Advanced Research, Vol-2, Issue-4, Pp-712-717。

农业用机械设备外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

农业用机械设备外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

中国地质大学长城学院本科毕业设计外文资料翻译系别:工程技术系专业:机械设计制造及其自动化姓名:黄晓鹏学号: 052116322015 年 4 月 28 日外文资料翻译译文公元前1世纪,中国已推广使用耧,这是世界上最早的条播机具,今仍在北方旱作区应用。

1636年在希腊制成第一台播种机。

1830 年俄国人在畜力多铧犁上制成犁播机。

1860年后,英美等国开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。

20世纪后相继出现了牵引和悬挂式谷物条播机,以及运用气力排种的播种机。

50年代发展精密播种机。

中国从20世纪50年代引进了谷物条播机、棉花播种机等。

60年代先后研制成悬挂式谷物播种机、离心式播种机、通用机架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种类型,并研制成磨纹式排种器。

到70年代,已形成播种中耕通用机和谷物联合播种机两个系列,同时研制成功了精密播种机。

欧洲第一台播种机于1636年在希腊制成。

1830年,俄国人在畜力多铧犁上加装播种装置制成犁播机。

英、美等国在1860年以后开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。

20世纪以后相继出现了牵引和悬挂式谷物条播机,以及运用气力排种的播种机。

1958年挪威出现第一台离心式播种机,50年代以后逐步发展各种精密播种机。

中国在20世纪50年代从国外引进谷物条播机、棉花播种机等,60年代先后研制成功悬挂式谷物播种机、离心式播种机、通用机架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种机型,并研制成功了磨纹式排种器。

到70年代,已形成播种中耕通用机和谷物联合播种机两个系列并投入生产。

供谷物、中耕作物、牧草、蔬菜用的各种条播机和穴播机都已得到推广使用。

与此同时,还研制成功了多种精密播种机。

播种机的使用方法播种机具有播种均匀、深浅一致、行距稳定、覆土良好、节省种子、工作效率高等特点。

正确使用播种机应注意掌握以下10要点:1 进田作业前的保养要清理播种箱内的杂物和开沟器上的缠草、泥土,确保状态良好,并对拖拉机及播种机的各传动、转动部位,按说明书的要求加注润滑油,尤其是每次作业前要注意传动链条润滑和张紧情况以及播种机上螺栓的紧固情况。

【初入托福必备】托福词汇之听力常见的农业词汇

【初入托福必备】托福词汇之听力常见的农业词汇

【初入托福必备】托福词汇之听力常见的农业词汇对于托福听力考试而言,其测试的主要目的是考查考生在自然英语语境中的适应力和理解力,而在这其中相关词汇量的掌握又是占了一个很大的比例。

那么,在以下内容中我们就为大家带来托福听力常见听力词汇分类汇总,希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。

agriculture (farming) 农业 agricultural 农业的 land (soil) 土壤;土地 soil conservation土壤保护 soil erosion 泥土流失 silt 粉砂,泥沙 clay 黏土,湿土 clod 土块 agrarian 土地的,农业的 pilot(experimental ) 试验性的 harrow( rake) 耙,耙土 ridge 田埂 furrow 犁沟 plot (patch)小块地ranch农场,牧场 plantation 种植园 orchard 果园 nursery 苗圃seedbed 苗床 sickle 镰刀 spade 铲,锹 shovel (平头) 铲 pick 稿 tractor 拖拉机 cultivate(till) 耕作 sow(seed) 播种 harvest 收割 weed 除草 irrigate 灌溉 manure(fertilizer) 肥料spray 喷洒(农药) insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂 pest 害虫 rust 锈病 grain (cereal) 谷物,谷粒granary(grain store) 粮仓 mill 碾,磨 wheat 小麦 corn 玉米 rice 大米 barley 大麦 sorghum 高粱oats燕麦 rye 黑麦 millet 粟,小米 vegetable 蔬菜 horticulture 园艺学 hydroponics 水栽法,营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed) 温室 cabbage 洋白菜 lettuce 生菜 mustard 芥菜 spinach 菠菜broccoli 花椰菜 cucumber 黄瓜 eggplant 茄子 pepper 辣椒 pumpkin 南瓜 tomato 西红柿 beet甜菜carrot 胡萝卜 radish 小红萝卜 pea 豌豆 soybean 大豆 celery 芹菜 garlic 大蒜 leek 韭菜onion 洋葱头potato 土豆 peanut 花生 sesame 芝麻 cotton 棉花 husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业pasture牧场 livestock 家畜 fowl (poultry) 家禽 cattle 牛,家畜 buffalo 野牛 dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛dairy farm 乳牛场 hay (作饲料用)干草 haystack 干草堆 fodder (feed) 饲料 trough 饲料槽barn(shed)牲口槽 stable 厩,马厩 cowshed 牛棚 pigpen (hog pen, pigsty) 猪圈 sheepfold (sheep pen) 羊栏roost (hen house) 鸡舍 fish farm 养鱼场 aquaculture 水产养殖。

步行隐藏式手扶纸钵育苗蔬菜移栽机的发展外文文献翻

步行隐藏式手扶纸钵育苗蔬菜移栽机的发展外文文献翻

步行隐藏式手扶纸钵育苗蔬菜移栽机的开展一个9. 75千瓦电力步行式2行全自动蔬菜插秧机,局部纸钵育苗手动拖拉机开发电源可用,纸钵的尺寸和空间在手扶拖拉机的可用性在旋耕机耕作总成的彻底去除。

它包括两套投料输送机,计量输送机,育苗落管,沟开门红,覆土装置,自动送料机构,深度调整轮和搭上安排。

水平板条型链式输送机被用作进料输送机,而横推式链式输送机那么作为计成输送。

自动送料机构,与时序轴,凸轮,离合器,用于协调喂养和计量输送协调工作。

蔬菜插秧机在两个进料输送机垂直方向输送108苗,喂它们的计量输送,并种植在沟的直立方向。

蔬菜插秧机的性能是通过在45X45cm的空间,现场0. 9km/h 的速度移栽番茄来进行评估的。

现场插秧机的实地能力被评定为0.026公顷每小时。

这就在传统的手工插秧方法的根底上节省了68%的劳动力和80%的时间。

插秧机的种植率被认为是4%的遗漏率和5%的种植倾斜种植率之内每分钟32盆育苗栽培。

兴旺国家的蔬菜插秧机的土壤覆盖效率约为81%,移栽质虽是令人满意的。

1.简介印度是世界第二大蔬菜生产国,生产129万吨,20XX-20XX年度产量16. 2吨/公顷(印度政府,20XX年)。

约175种蔬菜,包括82个田地的蔬菜和41根(块茎和鳞茎)作物生长在印度(兰德哈瓦,1998年;萨布拉马尼,的瓦拉达拉,Asokan的.2000 年)。

大局部蔬菜,如瓜类,豆类,秋葵和叶菜类蔬菜在LU间直接播种。

有的蔬菜比方番茄,茄子,辣椒等蔬菜是先播种在苗圃育苗然后人工移植到山脊或准备良好的苗床(加伊阿罗拉,2007年)。

手动移栽是劳动密集,价格昂贵,费时而且常常导致非均匀的植物分布。

2排和3排半挂式半自动蔬菜插秧机已在印度的裸根苗和插头领域开展。

袖珍式计量装置已在裸根苗的移栽领域得到应用。

田地的能力和劳动力的需求己报告为0. 082-0. 092公顷每小时和44. 4每人每公顷,分别在0. 8-1.0公里每小时的前进速度。

中文翻译-农业播种设备

中文翻译-农业播种设备

农业播种设备论文由埃里希·舒尔茨,C.E.T.农业工程技术人员农业食品部发表农业播种设备介绍播种设备的功能的基本定义是:以规定的速度和深度将种子均匀的分布在潮湿的土壤中,然后压实土壤层以覆盖这些种子,并且不能损坏种子。

大量的播种单元被设计和制造来完成这一功能,我们的目的是总结一些可供选用的农业实践行为。

进行播种前,我们必须准备合适的土壤介质以供支持植物。

这些年来,我们都听闻了一系列的关于土壤性质,特性和怎样获取满意的苗床发芽的研究报告。

简单的说,它们是:好的肥力,合适的温度,足够的空气,充足的水分与种子和土壤表面之间的一个适当的允许由特殊种子萌发的渗透土壤层。

种子发芽所需要的能量在不同的土壤中存在巨大的不同。

草类种子因为发芽所需能力很小,所以必须接近土层表面,但是它们也需要足够的水分。

如果种植的很深以便保障水分,它们可能不能发芽到土层表面。

充足的阳光是有利于幼芽的直立生长的,因为它能保证水分并且不对幼芽的生长产生阻碍。

具有良好可耕性的土壤和土壤的聚集程度是最重要的基础因素。

土壤的高聚集程度提供了:根部的自由发育和渗透,最大化的为植物需要供应的水分,阻止因降雨而破坏土,防御性的密封功能和允许最大的进水量并减少由于径流量产生的侵蚀。

播种机的特点从各种不同的统计表格中可以看出,大多数播种器有着精确播种的计量方法。

它们必须使用开沟器将种子放在所需的深度,有一些播种机会将种子用土壤盖住并夯实以保证土壤和种子有最大的接触面积。

许多不同的方法被用于计量种子的种植,它们的使用取决于种子的特性和所需的间距。

常用的机械计量机构是:a)可调孔式搅拌器b)送料槽c)双向送料d)杯型送料e)垂直板送料f)斜板送料g)水平种子板最常用的播种机制是双向送料反馈系统,主要是因为它们可以适应不同大小的种子和相对容易调整的速度。

开沟器必须将种子放在所需的深度并保证最小程度的分散。

许多的类型被运用到播种机当中,最普遍的是:a)锄头和铲子型机构b)单圆盘型机构c)双圆盘型机构d)模座型机构e)轮型机构单盘或双圆盘开沟器在播种设备中是最常用的旋耕机构,它们可以在较高的速度和较深的深度条件下通过调整轮精确的控制。

农业机械化中英文名词对照表

农业机械化中英文名词对照表

农业机械化机械与电子工程学院College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering农业机械化Agricultural Mechanization陕西理工学院Shaanxi University of Technology机械工程学院College of Mechanical Engineering机械设计Machine Design机械原理Theory and Design of Mechanisms and Machines工程材料Engineering Materials材料力学Material Mechanics理论力学Theoretical Mechanics高等数学Advanced Mathematics电工电子学Electronics in Electrical Engineering液压与气压传动Hydraulic [haɪˈdrɔ:lɪk] and atmospheric pressure transmission 数控机床Numerical Control Machines金属切削Metal Cutting机械制造技术基础:Mechanical Manufacturing Fundamental农业机械agricultural machine农业设备agricultural equipment收获机harvester播种机seeder除草机weedershovel 铁锹spade 铲hoe 锄weeding hoe 除草锄mechanical hoe 动力锄rake 搂草机fork 叉子hayfork, pitchfork 干草叉scythe 大钐刀sickle 镰刀flail 连枷billhook,brushhook 钩镰(field)roller 滚压器plough 犁(美作:plow)ridging plough,ridger 起垄犁weeding machine 除草机weeder,weeding hook 除草锄weeding fork 除草叉disc harrow 圆盘耙clod crusher 碎土块机tractor 拖拉机sprinkler 喷水器,人工降雨器manure spreader 撒肥机fertilizer distributor 化肥撒肥机rotovator 中耕机(美作:cultivator)planter 种植机disk harrow 圆盘耙cotton picker 摘棉机potato harvester 马铃薯收割机seeder, broadcaster 播种机seed drill, drilling machine 条播机mower 割草机(power)mower 动力割草机harvester, reaper 收割机combine (harvester) 联合收割机binder 捆束机bale loader 装草机harvesting machinery 收割机械threshing machine,thresher 脱粒机winnower,winnowing machine 风选机sheafer 束禾机grader, sorter 分类机,分级机sieve 细筛winepress 葡萄榨汁机milking machine 挤奶机churn 搅乳器。

我发明了自动播种机300字英语作文

我发明了自动播种机300字英语作文

我发明了自动播种机300字英语作文English Answer:Headline: Revolutionary Auto-Seeder Transforms Agricultural Productivity.The agricultural sector has witnessed a groundbreaking innovation with the introduction of the Auto-Seeder, a state-of-the-art machine that automates the laborious task of seed planting. Designed to enhance efficiency and productivity, the Auto-Seeder offers a myriad of benefits that revolutionize the farming landscape.Precision Seeding for Optimal Growth:The Auto-Seeder boasts an array of advanced sensors and algorithms that meticulously calculate the ideal seed spacing and depth for each crop. This precision ensures optimal seed placement, promoting uniform germination and maximizing yields. By precisely controlling theseparameters, the Auto-Seeder eliminates human error and variability, ensuring consistent crop establishment.Unmatched Efficiency and Cost Savings:The automated nature of the Auto-Seeder significantly reduces labor requirements, freeing up farmers for other critical tasks. This time-saving feature translates into substantial cost savings, allowing farmers to allocatetheir resources more efficiently. Furthermore, themachine's high-capacity seed hopper minimizes downtime for refilling, maximizing operational efficiency.Versatile Adaptation for Diverse Crops:The Auto-Seeder's versatility extends to a wide range of crops, from delicate vegetables to hardy grains. Its adjustable settings accommodate different seed sizes and soil conditions, making it a valuable asset for diverse farming operations. This versatility empowers farmers to plant multiple crops with ease, optimizing land utilization and crop diversification.Environmental Sustainability:Precision seeding promotes efficient use of seeds, minimizing waste and reducing the need for chemical interventions. Additionally, the Auto-Seeder's reduced soil disturbance limits erosion and promotes soil health. By embracing sustainable practices, the machine contributes to the long-term viability of agricultural ecosystems.User-Friendly Interface for Seamless Operation:The Auto-Seeder is designed with an intuitive user interface that simplifies operation. Farmers caneffortlessly program the machine with desired settings, monitor progress, and troubleshoot any issues that arise. This user-friendly design enables seamless integration into existing farming practices, ensuring a smooth transitionfor farmers of all skill levels.中文回答:标题,自动播种机革命性地改变了农业生产力。

水稻育秧播种流水线的育秧流程

水稻育秧播种流水线的育秧流程

水稻育秧播种流水线的育秧流程英文回答:Rice Seedling Raising Assembly Line Production Process.The rice seedling raising assembly line is a highly efficient and mechanized system for producing rice seedlings. It consists of a series of interconnected machines that perform the tasks of seed preparation, sowing, watering, fertilizing, and hardening off. The assembly line is designed to maximize efficiency and minimize labor costs.Seed Preparation.The first step in the rice seedling raising process is seed preparation. This involves cleaning the seeds to remove any impurities, such as dust, chaff, and weed seeds. The seeds are then treated with a fungicide to prevent the spread of diseases.Sowing.The seeds are then sown into a seedbed. The seedbed is filled with a mixture of soil, sand, and compost. The seeds are sown at a uniform depth and spacing.Watering.The seedbed is watered regularly to keep the soil moist. The water is applied using a sprinkler system.Fertilizing.The seedlings are fertilized regularly to promote growth. The fertilizer is applied using a fertigation system.Hardening Off.Before the seedlings are transplanted into the field, they are hardened off. This involves gradually reducing the amount of water and fertilizer that is applied to theseedlings. This helps the seedlings to develop a stronger root system and to become more tolerant of environmental stresses.Transplanting.The seedlings are transplanted into the field when they are 3-4 weeks old. The seedlings are transplanted at a uniform spacing.Advantages of the Rice Seedling Raising Assembly Line.The rice seedling raising assembly line offers a number of advantages over traditional methods of seedling production. These advantages include:Increased efficiency: The assembly line is designed to maximize efficiency and minimize labor costs.Improved quality: The assembly line ensures that the seedlings are sown at a uniform depth and spacing. This results in healthier and more vigorous seedlings.Reduced disease risk: The seeds are treated with a fungicide to prevent the spread of diseases. This helps to reduce the risk of seedling diseases.Earlier maturity: The assembly line produces seedlings that are ready to be transplanted into the field earlier than seedlings that are produced using traditional methods. This can lead to a longer growing season and higher yields.中文回答:水稻育秧播种流水线育秧流程。

森林培育学cfl国内外容器育苗技术要点中英文概要

森林培育学cfl国内外容器育苗技术要点中英文概要

泥炭76%+厩肥(猪粪)14%+人粪尿8%+过磷酸钙2% 樟子松
沙土65%+厩肥(马、羊粪)35% 油松、赤松、樟子松
Materials used for media around the world 国外培养基的材料
Peat 泥炭 Vermiculite 蛭石 Perlite 珍珠岩 Power of tree bark 树皮粉 Others 其它:surface soil, organic
Sowing techniques 播种技术
1培养基的装填 2 营养袋的摆放 3 播种 4 覆盖
Sowing seeds
Because all cells, with or without seedlings, cost the same to carry through a growing cycle, vigorous seedlings should be grown in as many cells as possible. Seed-sowing strategies should be based on current germination test results. If the viability of the seedlot used is in the 70 to 80 percent range (typical for most lots of longleaf seeds), two seeds per cavity should be sown, then thinned to one seedling before the seed coats are shed.
Peat 泥炭 vermiculite蛭石 Perlite 珍株岩 Forest topsoil 森林表土 Sod 草皮土 pond sludge 塘泥 heated soil 火烧土 soil in deep layer黄心土 Organic fertilizer 有机肥料

草坪养护机械命名与释义

草坪养护机械命名与释义

草坪养护机器命名与释义1草坪机器turf machinery,lanwn machinery:用于草坪建植和草坪建植以后所需一系列养护的设备。

2草坪建植机器turf construction machine:指与建植草坪有关的机器设备的总和。

包罗建植草坪前的地面整理机器和种植机器两类。

地面整理机器有清理机器、整地机器和坪床机器等;种植机器有播种机、草皮种植机、喷播机等。

3耙沙机rake:一种由拖拉机拖挂的有耙沙装置的机器。

4耙沙整地机bunker and field rake:一种由拖拉机拖挂的有耙沙装置和整地装置的机器。

5草坪播种和移植机器seed driller and turf transplanter:在经过整地处置惩罚的地面上播撒草坪种子和铺植草皮的设备。

6草坪草籽播种机seed drillers:一种专用于草坪播种,依靠草籽或经过裹衣处置惩罚后草籽的重力,经过一系列机构将草籽按一定漫衍纪律播撒到种植草坪土地上的呆板。

7镇压辊roller:镇压辊又称碾压器,作用是平整和镇压表层土壤,使表层土壤密实、平整,播种后使种子进入土壤。

有平面辊和环形波纹辊。

8平面辊flat roller:主要用于草坪播种后的平整镇压养护。

平面辊为钢板焊接成的空心圆筒,其直径从米到米不等,为增加重量可以在筒内装沙。

加重的平面辊用来镇压运动场草地。

9环形波纹辊toric roller:由许多铸造的圆环套安装在一根轴上,辊的外貌呈波纹状。

主要用于翻耕后土的压碎宁静整作业。

10草坪草籽播种机seed drillers:一种专用于草坪播种,依靠草籽或经过裹衣处置惩罚后草籽的重力,经过一系列机构将草籽按一定漫衍纪律播撒到种植草坪土地上的呆板。

主要类型有重力跌落式播种机和离心撒播式播种机,别的另有草坪补播的专用复播机等。

11重力跌落式播种机gravity-seeding sower:播种机的料斗底部有一漏洞,种子依靠重力下落,由行走轮驱动的拨料辊将种子拨出。

育苗播种机外文翻译(中文含外文出处)

育苗播种机外文翻译(中文含外文出处)

毕业设计外文资料翻译学院:机械工程学院专业:机械设计制造及其自动化姓名:马云学号:13050167外文出处:Research Paper: AE—Automation and (用外文写)Emerging Technologies 附件: 1.外文资料翻译译文;2.外文原文。

指导教师评语:所选外文资料与设计课题相关性较好,对毕业设计有一定的帮助,语句比较通顺,个别专业词汇翻译不准确。

签名:年月日附件1:外文资料翻译译文研究论文:AE自动化和新兴技术设计一种低成本气动育苗插头托盘播种机B.B.盖克瓦德,N.P.S. 西罗希农业工程司,印度农业研究所,新德里110 012,印度文章日期:收稿2006年10月26日接受2007年10月22日上传2007年12月31日文章简要在插头托盘中手动放入和播种小的蔬菜种子是缓慢的劳动密集型操作,限制了印度蔬菜苗的生产能力。

由于具有高成本大容量进口播种机并没有被苗木种植者采用。

这项研究的目的是开发精密插头托盘播种机,使用现有材料和现成的可用标准组件。

基于在实验室实验中获得的设计参数,制造原型气动播种机,并测试其在塞盘中播种辣椒和西红柿的性能。

播种机可以在插头托盘中缩进一个单元格,并同时将单个种子放入缩进的单元格中。

播种机可以在4.91和3.92kPa的吸入压力以及0.46和0.49mm的喷嘴直径下较好工作,在辣椒和番茄的情况下可实现超过90%的单种子播种。

播种机的容量取决于所使用的托盘尺寸,托盘尺寸在38,000和60,000cells -1之间。

使用原型精密插塞播种机播种1000个种子的总成本是1.56卢比(0.034美元),这只是手工播种估计成本的15.27%。

1 引言印度是世界上第二大蔬菜生产国,估计630万公顷土地年产量为9940万吨,约占世界蔬菜生产总产量的12%(经济调查 - 印度2005-06)。

蔬菜栽培区域的主要方式是昂贵的撒播,但是产量更高,质量较好大部分(83%)的植物移植来自三个作物,即番茄(45%),辣椒(28%)和卷心菜(10%)(Vavrina和Summer- hill,1992)。

育苗系统虚拟机机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

育苗系统虚拟机机械外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

附录1育苗系统虚拟机旧系统的虚拟机的幼苗成型机的改进得到了体积庞大,结构复杂,效率低、成本高。

本设计从基于虚拟机的老苗系统。

对输电系统和驱动器上的提高。

本机可广泛应用于玉米,蔬菜瓜果等幼苗系统端口本机采用单相电动机,做动力源,可在广大农村的实际,不需要担心需要更高的电源电压的问题。

本文详细的虚拟机器设计减速系统各组成部分的齿轮和具体尺寸苗和执行系统进行设计。

该机设计采用传输率.电力计算.带滑轮,标准外观.收缩设计齿轮,锥齿轮的设计计算和三维设计组织结构图,装配图的原理和方法。

关键词:育苗口机,虚拟体,还原系统,执行器螺旋输送机是纯碱生产的主要设备,俗有“喉音,说:”。

成品在煅烧,纯碱,屏幕和分布采用螺旋输送过程是由多段螺旋叶片,壳长。

结合大量的运输材料和高温,在启停频繁操作,螺旋叶片总的交变力,变形和弯曲的影响。

轻者引起振动,重者造成螺片连接板螺栓断裂,使操作人员的工作量增加,烧碱生产。

据统计,螺旋输送机比其他转运蛋白如:皮带,吊带的措施,如频率要相对较多,如刮刀的烦恼:31米螺旋转运已连续九次有连接板螺栓断裂现象,运营商带来了很大的麻烦,为了避免振动,螺旋壳断裂现象,应加强前安装零部件的制备及各工序质量控制装置。

有很大的困难:是指壳对齐中线一圆形基准的外壳,如图所示。

寻找的是前,应先在一个螺旋运输机头(部分)和尾机电动机安装一根钢丝绳,和在重锤重量相应部门的两端,钢丝线,使头部,尾部的高度符合安装尺寸的要求,所以,钢丝的两端的位置是理想的位置。

外壳安装由于自尊的公司,其余的是无处不在的作用产生不同程度的弯曲现象,虽然计算线经验公式的偏转:F = W(L-x)x / 2GB。

在确定正确的板标高情况,可用手轴螺旋叶片,寻求其弯曲的地区。

消除螺旋叶片弯曲是由火焰矫正法火焰温度的确定,根据弯曲度的选择。

在托瑞的板框挂瓦差距反映弯曲程度的大小。

备件仓库接收备件,但尽管有证书并不能满足安装技术要求。

一些制造误差较大,一些交通,放置在变形,很有必要在安装前零部件检查,完成预安装工作。

温室种子催芽机和育苗精量播种机的推广使用

温室种子催芽机和育苗精量播种机的推广使用

温室种子催芽机和育苗精量播种机的推广使用
杨绪武
【期刊名称】《新疆农机化》
【年(卷),期】2009(000)006
【摘要】@@ 1 种子催芽机械化技术rn1.1 催芽机的推广使用rn2007年以来,鄯善县农机局引进了四川省吉峰公司生产的SC-220X型、SC-50型催芽箱和SC-400D棚式种子催芽机,在温室种植中对西瓜、甜瓜、辣椒等作物种子进行了催芽试验、使用和推广.
【总页数】2页(P35-36)
【作者】杨绪武
【作者单位】鄯善县农机局,新疆,鄯善,838200
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】S223
【相关文献】
1.2BDP-1000型水稻育苗秧盘精量播种机的研制 [J], 冯帆
2.自动蔬菜穴盘育苗精量播种机的设计与试验 [J], 张峰峰;王家胜;王东伟;李业锋;赵帅;李秀
3.2BQX-128型气吸式穴盘精量播种机在加工番茄育苗生产中的应用 [J], 李晨辉
4.滚筒式穴盘育苗精量播种机的传动系统设计 [J], 王吉亮;曹肆林;何义川;王序俭;王敏;营雨琨;喻启忠
5.基于PLC的自动穴盘育苗精量播种机控制系统设计 [J], 随顺涛;刘征明;梅林森
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1引言
印度是世界上第二大蔬菜生产国,估计630万公顷土地年产量为9940万吨,约占世界蔬菜生产总产量的12%(经济调查 - 印度2005-06)。蔬菜栽培区域的主要方式是昂贵的撒播,但是产量更高,质量较好大部分(83%)的植物移植来自三个作物,即番茄(45%),辣椒(28%)和卷心菜(10%)(Vavrina和Summer- hill,1992)。鉴于这些种子的高成本,有必要在空旷田地中实现最大化的育秧和无病苗移植。在插盘(或托盘)中育苗是实现这一要求的一种技术。因为它对种植者和企业家都有明显的优点这种技术在印度的农业企业正迅速崛起。塞盘装有无土基质,由可可泥和蛭石组成,一个种子被手动放置在每个格子中。 然而,在每个单元格中放置单个种子是劳动密集型的操作。需要大约8个工时来播种100个插头托盘用于培植9800个苗。因为缺少劳动力这限制了大多数蔬菜苗圃的生产能力。在旺季,体力劳动几乎不能满足培育蔬菜苗的要求。因此,插塞盘的接种操作的机械化是增强印度迅速扩大的苗圃工业的能力所必需的。
塞子托盘的精确播种需要从料斗中挑取单个种子并且单独放置在每个单元中。 世界各地的研究人员已经广泛研究了种子的单种化,并且已经为不同作物开发了具有设计变化的大量精确播种系统。Hanacek等人(1984)设计了一种用于高密度塞盘的单粒种子器,能够分离椭球形种子,但是它不能分割不规则形状的种子。玛瑞(1991)开发了一种用于插头平板的真空种植模板,其包括两片3mm-mm丙烯酸塑料,切割成种子平面的矩形尺寸,并且在其上钻出孔以拾取种子。陈等人(1993)开发了一种适用于扁平和球形种子的蔬菜作物种植的多用途真空种植机。 据报道,多用途真空种子种植机比人工种植快36倍。 Zigmanov(1997)研究了将18个蔬菜作物的种子机械播种到容器中的效率,并且得出结论,影响播种效率的因素是真空度,喷嘴直径,将喷嘴插入容纳种子的容器中的方法 ,种子的形状以及种子整理的程度,例如清洁度,施胶,表面抛光和造粒。金等人 (2003)开发了一种用于播种水果,蔬菜和砧木的大种子的自动化真空喷嘴播种机。 他们报道,获得高播种速率的重要操作因素通常是喷嘴直径和吸入真空压力。胡等人(2003)开发了一种用于插播幼苗的磁性精确播种机,其拾取用磁粉涂覆的种子。 通过调整磁场来控制通过磁头拾取的种子的数量以及进行种子分离。Rathinakumari 等人(2005)专门为小蔬菜苗木种植者开发了一种其容量为50-100plug-traysh -1盘式真空播种机。据报道49.03kPa的抽吸压力足以将种子分离。他们还开发了一种旋转真空滚筒播种机,喷嘴孔直径为0.5mm,吸入压力为49.03kPa。
文章日期:
收稿2006年10月26日
接受2007年10月22日
上传2007年12月31日
文章简要
在插头托盘中手动放入和播种小的蔬菜种子是缓慢的劳动密集型操作,限制了印度蔬菜苗的生产能力。由于具有高成本大容量进口播种机并没有被苗木种植者采用。这项研究的目的是开发精密插头托盘播种机,使用现有材料和现成的可用标准组件。基于在实验室实验中获得的设计参数,制造原型气动播种机,并测试其在塞盘中播种辣椒和西红柿的性能。播种机可以在插头托盘中缩进一个单元格,并同时将单个种子放入缩进的单元格中。播种机可以在4.91和3.92kPa的吸入压力以及0.46和0.49mm的喷嘴直径下较好工作,在辣椒和番茄的情况下可实现超过90%的单种子播种。播种机的容量取决于所使用的托盘尺寸,托盘尺寸在38,000和60,000cells -1之间。使用原型精密插塞播种机播种1000个种子的总成本是1.56卢比(0.034美元),这只是手工播种估计成本的15.27%。
2材料和方法
2.1实验室实验
实验首先在实验室中进行,以确定辣椒和番茄种子的相关物理性质,即大小,形状,重量,末端速度和最小携带速度。 开发了基于真空的实验种子单元化单元,以获得辣椒和番茄种子单个种子拾取的设计和操作参数。 实验室研究的实验计划在表2中给出。
建立喷嘴组件用于接种的最小停留时间(MRT)。 MRT是喷嘴在种子托盘上方保持静止以拾取单个种子的最小时间。使用数字照相机以25帧/1s的速率捕获喷嘴从种子托盘拾取单个种子的动作,并且分析确定种子从托盘移动到喷嘴尖端所需的时间。
2.3.5振动种子托盘
设计种子托盘应考虑到播种机的输出能力,种子的物理性质,托盘材料的振动特性并方便种子的拾取。 它由粉末涂覆的金属片制成,其尺寸足以储存用于播种机连续操作15分钟的单层小种子,例如辣椒和番茄。托盘的颈圈与水平面弯曲成441°的角度,使得种子可以容易地被喷嘴尖端拾取而不受种子管的阻碍。 不稳定12V直流电机用于在托盘中产生振动。 种子托盘的振动频率通过使用振动控制单元调节电机轴的旋转速度来控制。 托盘可以以期望的角度倾斜,有助于种子向种子拾取位置缓慢移动。
图2 原型穴盘精密播种机。
表1 原型穴盘精密播种机的零件
序号 零件名称
1 交流同步电机
2 缩进总成(IA)
3 苏格兰轭机构(SYM)
4 喷嘴组件(NA)
5 电磁操作气流方向控制阀
6 种子收集单元
7 控制面板
8 手推车总成
9 振动种子托盘(VST)
10 SYM的轭和手臂
11 输送带
12 喷嘴装配导轨
13 缩进装配指南
正视图侧视图
所有尺寸是mm
图1 原型穴盘播种机示意图。
2.3.3喷嘴组件
这种组件是通过24个喷嘴以所需间距安装在20*20mm 2的铝空心杆上而制成的。在市场上可获得的整个托盘尺寸中,一次播种的288个单元(24×12)的喷射器延其长度最大具有21.25mm的间距。因此,喷嘴的间距保持等于21.25mm。此外还安装了用于喷
2.3.6托盘分度机构
这种机制被设计为自动索引穴盘对准单元行下的种子管和缩进钉的机构。它由一个,安装在50mm公称内径,间隔1100mm的管辊上的环形交织塑料带式输送机组成。 惰辊是弹簧加载的,以保持皮带处于适当的张力。 用一块坚固的G.I.板支撑传送带并且在穴盘的重量下检查其偏转。单向轴承安装在驱动辊轴上,以使托盘实现仅在前进方向上的预定移动。 索引的长度可以通过改变在水平连杆的托盘分度器的位置而变化。 驱动辊和单向轴承套的尺寸设计成对于SYM的水平连接杆的60mm行程长度50mm的最大分度长度。 这样做是为了将扭矩负载均匀地分布在驱动电机上。
2.3 功能元件的设计
播种机包括不同元件,其功能相互进行协调,以实现期望的输出。 这些是苏格兰轭机构(SYM),压印组件(IA),喷嘴组件(NA),振动种子盘(VST),种子管组件(STA)和托盘分度机构(TIM)。通过改变喷嘴直径,吸入压力方便的改变种子拾取高度和种子托盘的振动频率。播种机的装配图如图1所示,完成播种机在图2的照片。表1给出了零件清单。
(f)确保当插头托盘未放置在种子托盘组件下方时,不会取出种子。
从(b)到(e)的活动顺序是在以60转/分钟的速度运行的驱动电动机的一次旋转中完成的,其中此生产能力的播种机可用于接种一排插塞盘持续时间仅为1.08s。 所有功能元件的运动动画使用“ProE Mechanica”软件(PTC,USA)进行,以在制造播种机之前检查功能部件的时间同步。
2.3.1苏格兰轭机构
这种机制的目的是要获得一个精确的正弦,在轭输入恒量旋转使曲柄臂获得稳定往复的谐波运动。 它由驱动轴,曲柄臂,曲轴,轭,连杆,衬套,连接臂和外壳组成。 选择旋转臂和轭的尺寸以获得60mm的垂直行程长度。这是为了在曲柄臂的半圈中实现喷嘴组件的40mm的对角运动。 剩余的20mm移动提供4 / 12s的停留时间以便于从托盘拾取种子,并且在曲柄臂2 / 12s一转中从喷嘴释放种子。 两个SYM设置在播种机的两侧并通过轴连接以传递旋转运动,以便将平衡的驱动力传递到缩进组件。在两个SYM中,拥有一个具有彼此平行另一个垂直放置的两个磁轭,使得它提供具有901的相位差的垂直和水平往复谐波运动。水平往复运动操作托盘分度机构。由60毫伏/ min -1,2Nm直接耦合的同步电动机给出对SYM的旋转输入运动。
2.2设计注意事项
基于在实验室实验中获得的吸入压力,喷嘴尺寸和MRT的最佳值,设计和制造插塞播种机的原型。 种子设计的基本考虑因素是成本,操作的简便性,便携性以及现成组件的使用以及当地种子的能力,种子单粒化的方法,功能部件的运动学和人体工程学。
一些商业苗圃的调查显示,来自平均规模苗圃的蔬菜幼苗旺季需求量为每天约10万株幼苗,但预计在不久的将来将增加一倍。 通过假设每天运行4小时接种总共有20万个单元格的塞子盘来确定播种机的输出容量。 基于文献综述,选择使用适当尺寸的喷嘴针对单个种子的气动单粒化作为设计原理。 为了最小化成本,选择现成的机电组件,如真空泵,电磁阀,驱动系统,喷嘴,种子管,分度带等。设计并制造非现有的组件。基于操作的容易性调整不同组件的布置和匹配获得匹配兼容性。 在完成设计之前,先考虑人体工程学方面的问题。 托盘平台的总高度保持为770mm,使得托盘可以由坐在椅子上或可能站立的平均印度身高男性放置在分度带上。 不同的控制开关和阀安装在操作者可触及的范围内。 不同功能部件的时间和运动同步按以下顺序进行:
指导教师评语:
所选外文资料与设计课题相关性较好,对毕业设计有一定的帮助,语句比较通顺,个别专业词汇翻译不准确。
签名:
年月日
附件1:外文资料翻译译文
研究论文:AE自动化和新兴技术
设计一种低成本气动育苗插头托盘播种机
B.B.盖克瓦德,N.P.S. 西罗希
农业工程司,印度农业研究所,新德里110 012,印度
毕业设计外文资料翻译
学 院:机械工程学院
专 业:机械设计制造及其自动化
******************************
学号:******ຫໍສະໝຸດ 7外文出处:Research Paper: AE—Automation and
Emerging Technologies
附 件:1.外文资料翻译译文;2.外文原文。
2.3.2缩进机制
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