M4 U3 ing作表语,定语,宾补
英语动词-ing作表语、定语、宾语补足语
英语动词-ing作表语、定语、宾语补足语笔记整理一、非谓语动词分类Doing作主语/宾语—→动名词Doing 作表/定/补语—→现在分词Done 作表/定/补语—→过去分词To do 作主语/宾语—→不定式二、doing 作表语动名词作表语（判断标准：主语和表语可以换位）e.g. Reading is learning. 阅读是一种学习。
现在分词作表语（判断标准：主语与表语不可换位，且现在分词是形容词性的，表示主语的性质与特征）e.g. This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。
三、doing 作定语动名词作定语（仅作前置定语，用于表示用途）e.g. a reading room 阅览室a sleeping car 一辆停下的车现在分词作定语（单个现在分词作前置定语，现在分词短语作后置定语，强调表示动作正在进行）e.g. a flying bird 一只正在飞的小鸟The man speaking to the teacher is my father. 那个正在和老师说话的男人就是我父亲。
a sleeping boy. 一个正在睡觉的男孩。
四、doing 作宾语补足语（仅有现在分词）感官动词后（如：see/hear/smell/feel/find/watch/notice等）e.g. I heard someone knocking at the door.使役动词后（如：have/make/let/get/keep等）e.g. She made us waiting here for an hour. 她让我们白白等了一个小时。
注意：使役动词后接现在分词作为宾语补足语强调让某人一直在做，后接不定式作为宾语补足语强调让某人做某事。
With 的复合结构中e.g. With time going by. 随着时间的流逝。
【免费下载】4 Unit 3 Grammar 动名词作表语定语宾语补足语
Book 4 Unit 3 Grammar动词-ing作表语、定语、宾语补足语一、动词-ing作表语动词-ing作表语，一般表示比较抽象的、习惯性的、经常性的动作，或表示主语的性质、特征和状态。
Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。
My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。
The film is quite moving. 这电影很感人。
★常用来作表语的动词-ing有：astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
二、动词-ing作定语1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。
如：drinking water 饮用水 a walking stick 手杖a reading room 阅览室 a writing desk 写字台2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。
如：They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。
The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。
如：His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.= His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. 他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。
必修4-unit3-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补
动词的-ing形式作定语、表语和宾语补足语▼作定语动词的-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词，有的可置于名词前，有的需要置于名词后。
它们的形式相同，都可作定语，但两者之间是有差别的。
一、动名词作定语：表示被修饰词的某种用途（此时动词的-ing形式常置于被修饰词的前面）意为“作……用”，相当于一个for引导的介词短语。
● a walking stick (= a stick for walking= a stick which is used for walking) 拐杖●a washing machine (= a machine for washing= a machine which is used for washing)洗衣机●a reading room (=a room for reading= a room which is used for reading) 阅览室●a measuring tape (=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring) 卷尺、皮尺●sleeping pills (=pills for sleeping=pills which are used for sleeping)安眠药▼常用必背●a bathing cap浴帽● a changing room更衣室●a waiting room等候室、候诊室● a watering room喷壶●a guessing game猜字游戏●an ironing board烫衣板●a collecting tin募捐盒●a hiding place 藏身处●a racing bicycle 赛车●an operating table手术台●building materials 建筑材料●a diving board跳板二、现在分词作定语：表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近于一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。
B4 unit3 Grammar v-ing作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法
C. interested; be interesting
D. interesting; interest
--- What do you think of the book?
--- Oh, excellent. It’s worth __C__ a second time. (1989全国)
A. to read
＊The girl s_t_a__n_d__i_n_g_ (stand) there is my sister .
＊This is a piece of s_u__rp_r_i_s_in_g__
表被动
(surprise) news. ＊The problem _b_e_in__g_d_i_s_c_u_s_s_e_d(discuss)
动词-ing形式作宾补
1. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面， 表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强一个 过程或一种状态。
When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.
2. 当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足 语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 They found the film very exciting. = The film is found very exciting.
Toady there are more airplanes _c_a_r_r_y_in_g
(carry) more people than ever before in
the skies.
【解析】本题查看的是非谓语动词中的 分词做定语用法。动词carry与前面的名 词airplanes构成逻辑上的主动关系，所 以使用现在分词短语carrying more people than ever before在句中做定语。 相当于短语从句which carry more people
必修四unit3grammarv-ing做宾补、定语和表语
动词-ing做主语和宾语
动名词 做主语
1动词-ing形式作主语的句型
•位于句首 •it作形式主语，而将其v-ing移后
2 there be 句式中的v-ing形式
3 v-ing形式和to do 不定式作主语的区 别
1.作主语时通常有两种位置：一种是位于句首； 另一种是it 作形式主语，而将v.-ing 移至后面。
3. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须
注意。
forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，
动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式
表示将要发生的动作。
2.使役动词set, keep, have 等
1. 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾 语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的 动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。
当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站 在大门口。 When we returned to the school, we found a stranger_s_ta_n_d_i_n_g__a_t _th__e_g_a_te.
• 那老板让工人整夜地工作。
• The boss kept the workers _w_o_r_k_i_n_g_a_l_l_n_i_g_h_t_______.
• 别让让他在外边雨中等待。
• Don't leave him _w_a_i_ti_n_g_o_u__ts_i_d_e_i_n_t_h_e_r_a_i_n.
【考例】
— Let's have a rest． — Not now．I don't want to stop __________ yet．（MET 1985）
动词ing 定语 表语 宾语补主语
必修四Unit 3 语法动词ing ---作表语.定语.宾语补足语动词ing形式是动词的一种谓语形式，有动词原形加ing构成，包括现在分词和动名词。
可以在句子中用作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，状语和定语。
一.用作表语。
1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语。
多表示一般性或抽象行为。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job。
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging,inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
The news is quite astonishing. 这个消息令人吃惊。
全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. 是我最担心的是，她每天都工作很晚。
(staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别：进行时态表示主语正在做什么，而动词-ing形式作表语只是说明主语的特性或情况。
Mike is listening to music.迈克正在听音乐。
（当前正在进行的动作）Mike’s favorite hobby is listening to music. 迈克最大的爱好的听音乐（说明主语的情况）二. 作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
高一英语必修4动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语和状语
Unit 4动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her jobHis hobby is painting. = Painting is his job.2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词），作表语用的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。
常见的有：astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising, puzzling, exciting等（这类分词表示“令人….的”含义）。
如：The problem is quite puzzling.The news sounds encouraging.二、动词-ing形式作定语1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for readingrunning shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法reading material 阅读材料No one is allowed to speak loud in the reading room.There is a swimming pool in our school.②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
必修四 Unit 3 Grammar 现在分词作表语,定语,宾语补足语
5.(2012江西) John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter ________ him it. A. offered C．to offer B．offering D．to be offered
6.(2012辽宁)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.
The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.
b. 表示经常性的动作或某种状态 (变为从句时 用一般时态)
They lived in a room facing the south.
We saw him cross the road..
我们看见他正在过马路.
We saw him crossing the road..
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. The next thing he saw was smoke _____ from behind the house. (2011新 课标全国卷) A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen
Look at the examples below, paying attention to the underlined parts. Here the –ing form is used as the object complement, predicative, attribute.