V-ing作表语-定语-宾补
Book3 Unit 4 -v-ing作表语、定语、宾补
Nelson Mandela
His job is acting.
His acting is so entertaining.
What he likes most is keeping others laughing. His acting in The Gold Rush is so convincing that it makes us believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted.
Charlie Chapline
Question and Answer
attribute 定语 Observe2: 1. function(充当成分 ) 归纳总结： v-ing 2. position(位置 ) 短语作定语放在所 修饰的名词 ____。 之后 3. expression( 表达的意义） V-ing 作定语表示动作 1. The man working in the field is Yuan Longping. 正在进行 _________ ，相当于一个 →The man who is working in the field... ______ 定语 从句。
Observe1: 1. function 归纳总结： 定语 2. position 单个v-ing作定语放在所 3. expression 之前。 修饰的名词____ V-ing作定语表示所修饰 用途 名词的_______.
A ‗______ swimming man is in a swimming pool.
first appearance, in public, make, foreigners,amaze
Tip words: show interest in, sing, be young →____________________ She showed interest in ____________________ singing when she was __________________ young.
B4U3 Grammar 动名词做表语、定语和宾补
V-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补
一、作表语 1.V-ing形式作表语，并表示主语的内容时系动词 是be，此时表语和主语可以互换。如： His dream is being rich (= Being rich is his dream).
2.一些表示“令人…的”动词-ing形式可作表语， 这时系动词除了be, 还可以是become, get, look, seem, appear, sound, feel, keep等。 如：Mr. Bean seems amusing in the show! You idea of camping sounds exciting!
2. 介词with后也可接动词-ing形式作宾补, 如： He left home with the water boiling.
练一练: 按括号内提示完成句子
1.The missing ______(miss) boy was last seen ______(play) near the bank of the lake. playing 2. We cheered as we watched the national flag ____________ being raised (raise) in the Olympic Games on TV. tired 3. Mr Smith, ______(tire) of the boring ______ (bore) speech, started to read a novel. 4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long 让您等这么长 ______________________( 时间)
必修4U3 V-ing动名词做表语、定语、宾补
Choose the suitable words from the box below and fill in the blanks in the correct form. astonish, depress， play, do, ， ride, amuse(使发笑）, bark, welcome 使发笑） 使发笑 riding 1. I can’t imagine Billy ______ a motorbike.
2. 能用 能用-ing作宾语补足语的几类动词 作宾语补足语的几类动词: 作宾语补足语的几类动词 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的 表示感觉和心理状态的动词， 有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。 等 ①We saw a light burning in the window. ② Listen to the birds singing. ③I didn’t notice him waiting.
5. We are all fond of Charlie’s early films, which we think are more interested. interesting 6. I missed to see the beginning of the film City Lights the other day.seeing 7. I wouldn’t mind to see The Gold Rush again with you tonight. seeing 8. Charlie’s job was entertain people, wasn’t he? entertaining
最新Ving作表语定语宾补定语
3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，
相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它 与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
Ving作表语定语宾补定语
V-ing语法功 能
1．作表语 2．作定语 4．作宾语补足语
V-ing形式 作表语
-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，解释或说 明主语的内容,表示主语所具有的特征或属 性 Her hobby is painting. My job is looking after the children.
Smoking while having dinner is one of his bad habits.
注：不定式(to do)亦可作表语，但不定式侧重某次具体 的动作。
Her job is _n__u_r_s_i_n_g_ (nurse) patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is __to__l_o_o_k__a_f_te_r__ (look after) her
注意：现在分词做宾语补足语表示动作与 谓语同时发生或正在进行，强调动作过 程
△ 在表示一个被动的动作时，如果这个动作是 现刻正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时 发生的，就可以用现在分词的被动形式。这种 形式可以作定语、状语或构成复合宾语
That building being repaired is our library. （定语）
Ving做表语定语及宾补
二、-ing形式作表语 表抽象的，一般的行为，表主语的特征、性 质和内容。
常用来表特征性质作表语的Ving的有 interesting，surprising， exciting， astonishing, amusing, disappointing,
confusing, inspiring, moving, boring, encouraging, puzzling等
• 2. The film was really_____.We were greatly _____while seeing it.
• A. moving;moving • B. moved;moved • C. moving; moved • D. moved;moving
• 3. —Come on, please give me some
= a stick for walking
a reading room = a room for reading
•表用途
沸水： •boiling water 发展中国家：•a developing country （随风飘落的）叶子：•falling leaves
•表动作正在进行
洗衣机：•a washing machine 跳舞的女士：•a dancing woman
拐杖
•a walking stick
卧铺车
•a sleeping car
跳舞的女孩 •a dancing girl
发展中国家 •developing countries
飘落的叶子 •falling leaves
写字台 •a writing desk
舞厅
•a dancing hall
洗衣机 •a washing machine
动词-ing形式的用法
V-ing形式的用法动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语【知识点拨】一、动词-ing形式作表语动词-ing形式可用在系动词后面作表语，说明主语的性质或情况，多表示一般性的或抽象的行为。
例如：The news that our school won the game was exciting.注意：动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别：进行时态表示主语正在做什么，而动词-ing形式作表语只是说明主语的特性或情况。
试比较：Mike is listening to music. 迈克正在听音乐。
(当前正在进行的动作) Mike’s favorite hobby is listening to music.迈克最大的爱好是听音乐。
(说明主语的情况)二、动词-ing形式作定语动词-ing形式作定语有两种用法，即：1.表示所修饰名词的用途或功能，意为“供……用的”。
例如： a reading room, a swimming pool, a singing competition, drinking water等。
2.表示主动和正在进行，相当于一个定语从句。
例如：falling leaves (=leaves that are falling), the rising sun (=the sun that is rising)。
单个的动词-ing形式作定语通常放在所修饰的名词之前，而短语则一般被放在所修饰的名词之后。
例如：exciting news, the students talking about the problem。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即用来补充说明宾语的动作或情况。
常用的跟动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有：1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词。
常见的有 see, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, catch等。
现在分词作状语-过去分词作状语-表语-宾补-定语
V-ing（此刻分词）作状语v-ed/done(过去分词 )作状语，表语，定语，宾补一．此刻分词的形式形式主动形被动形式否认形式式一般式doing being notdone doing/beingdone达成式having having notdone been done having(been)done二．此刻分词作状语辨析：动词的 -ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语的差别。
句子功能例句1.作时间状语，相当于Crossing the road,the old man was knocked over by awhen,while,as,after 等指引car.=When he was crossing the road,the old man was 的时间状语从句knocked over by a car.2.作原由状语，相当于Having eaten too much,he couldn 't go to sleep.=Because heas,because,since等指引的原had eaten too much,he couldn't go to sleep.因状语从句3.作条件状语，相当于Using your head,you'll find a good way. =If you use yourif,once,unless等指引的条件head, you'll find a good way.状语从句4. 作方式或陪伴状语，相当于Four people entered the room looking around in a curiousand 连结的并列谓语动词。
way. =Four people entered the room and looked around ina curious way.5. 作结果状语，可扩展为有并It rained heavily,causing flooding in that city.=It列谓语的句子。
doing作主宾表定宾补
My job is teaching you English. 我的工作是教你们英语。说明主语的内容
Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 说明主语的内容
The story he told us was very interesting.
Review
二、v-ing作宾语 to当介词： 习惯于 be/get used to 期望 look forward to 注意 pay attention to 致力于，奉献给 devote…to 导致 lead to 转向 turn to
doing
Review
二、v-ing作宾语 stop to do/ doing try to do/ doing mean to do/ doing remember to do/ doing forget to do/ doing regret to do/ doing
6.The novel is not as__ex_c_iti_ng___ as I expected. （令人兴奋的）
7.The comedy was so _a_m_u_sin_g__that the audience kept laughing all the time.（好笑的）
-ing形式作定语 (修饰名词 )
他给我们讲的这个故事很有趣。 说明主语的特征
The news is quite shocking. 这个消息很令人震惊。说明主语的特征
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.Seeing is __be_li_ev_in_g___ . (眼见为实) 2.Her job is _lo_o_ki_ng__af_te_r t_h_e _an_im_a_ls_ . （照顾动物） 3.What he likes isp_la_yi_ng__ch_e_ss_a_ft_er_s_u_pp_e.r（饭后下象棋） 4.The news is __e_n_co_u_ra_g_in_g___. （令人鼓舞的） 5.The film is more __ex_c_iti_ng___than any that I’ve ever seen.（令人兴奋的）
动词ing作表语,定语,宾补语法讲解
V-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语一V-ing形式作表语1. 动名词作表语表示抽象的、经常性、一般的行为，可与主语互换位置。
现在分词作表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态。
One of his bad habits is smoking while having dinner.Smoking while having dinner is one of his bad habit．The film we saw last night is quite moving. （现在分词）我们昨晚看的电影十分动人。
注：不定式(to do)亦可作表语，但不定式侧重某次具体的动作。
Her job is ___nursing______ (nurse) patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is ___to look after___________ (look after) her granny.2.使人产生某种情绪或感觉的使动词，如disappoint, amuse, astonish, interest, frighten, puzzle, surprise, move, excite, bore, confuse等，V-ing表示“令人…的”, 而V-ed表示“(人)感到…的”。
I don’t think her joke is amusing at all.I am not amused at her joke at all.The film we saw last night was very moving.We were moved at the film we saw lat night.二V-ing形式作定语动名词作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。
必修四 Unit 3 语法 Grammar Ving做定语,表语,宾语补足语
动词V-ing形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语
1. Can yห้องสมุดไป่ตู้u smell anything burning?
(宾语) (宾语) 宾补
2. We won’t have you doing that. 宾补 3. No one is allowed to speak in the reading room. 定语 4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.
(强调正在进行)
② 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式 短语表示一次动作， 而-ing形式则表示反复动 作。如：
We heard the door knock. (一次动作) 我听见有人在敲门。 We heard the door knocking. (反复动作)
我听见有人一直在敲门
2. 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。 如：I won’t have you doing that. can't/won't have sb doing sth (不能忍受/允许某人做某事） don't have sb doing sth(不让某人老是做某事） 对不起让你久等了。
【比较】
过去分词作定语： 及物动词的过去分词表 示被动，不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。
That is the book written by Lu Xun. 那是鲁迅写的书。 He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。
不定式作定语：通常指将发生的动作
We have no time to lose. 我们没有时间（可以浪费）了。 That’s the plan to build the factory. 那就是建那座工厂的计划。
V-ing作主语和宾语等等
他的爱好是收集邮票。
The problem is quite puzzling.
这个问题很令人困惑。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语
1、作动词的宾语。
（常接动词 -ing 形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助 记忆：）
② -ing 分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面，也 相当于一个定语从句。如：
Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁？
They lived in a house facing south. = They lived in a house that faces the street.
He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 He went to London in the hope of being a famous painter.
他去了伦敦，希望能成为一个著名的画家。
四、-ing分词作定语：
①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如： reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 singing competition 歌咏比赛 waiting room 候车室 a sleeping child一个酣睡的孩子 the exciting news令人振奋的消息 a boring speech令人乏味的演出
2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:
1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. 2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如： I won’t have you doing that. This set me thinking. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
v-ing形式做表语、定语、宾补
4.At this moment he noticed Robert coming in. 被动句：
Robert was noticed coming in (by him)at... (2)常接动词v-ing做宾语补足语的动词还有使役 动词have,keep,get,leave等。
1.I'll have you speaking English in five months.
二、动词v-ing的时态和语态，以teach为例。
语态 主动语态 时态
被动语态
一般式
teaching
being taught
完成式
having taught having been taught
否定式
not teaching/not having taught
1.一般式的用法 一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词所表示 的动作或状态同时发生或几乎同时发生。 I enjoy learning English. 我喜欢学英语。 My wife hates smoking. 我妻子憎恨抽烟。 I saw them playing under a big tree. 看见他们正在大树下玩。（同时） Hearing the bad news,Mary burst into tears.(几乎同时发生）
5.He grew more and more popular as his charming character,the little tramp,became known throughout the world.(P18L13) (_定_____语） 6.He walked around stiffly carrying a walking stick. (P18L17) (__定____语） 7.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining?(P18L20) (__宾__补___语） 8.The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!(P18L30) (__表____语）
V-ing作表语-定语-宾补
Conclusion (Task 3)
-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于 被修饰名词的前面, 既可以表示被修饰 者的作用或功能,可用“名词+for+动名词”
来表达。也可以表示被修饰者正在发生 的动作或状态。
2. –ing 形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的 名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个 ❖ 定语从句。如：
work on time. You must pay attention. If you
keep on (9) _s_m__o_k_i_n_g_ (smoke) here and don’t devote your working time to(10) d__o_in_g___(do)
the work well, I prefer letting you go to(11)
their study in our classroom.
❖ 6. It’s extremely hot r定ec语ently, we can go to the
swimming pool.
① His acting is amusing.
②What he does well in is playing football.
• ① I see/ watch/ find/ notice sb. doing… • ② His/her job/ hobby/ duty is … • ③ What he dreams of/ likes is… •
Describe the pictures by using –ing form
exciting /… ❖ ④ I find/ think it interesting/ amazing/ ❖ exciting/… to do sth.
非谓语动词 V-ING用法小结附练习
动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。
春季教案高一第九讲动词-ing形式作定语-表语
第九讲动词-ing形式作表语.定语和宾补姓名：学校：年级：【学习目标】掌握ing形式在句中作表语，定语和宾补。
学会区分ing形式表主动，ed形式表被动。
【知识要点】1.v.-ing形式作定语时的表达含义：v.-ing形式作定语时,表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，或表示某个经常的动作或状态eg：a flying bird = a bird that is flying 在飞的鸟儿a running horse = a horse is running 在奔跑的马a sleeping child = a child who is sleeping 在睡觉的孩子a walking girl = a girl who is walking 在散步的女孩v.-ing 形式包括现在分词和动名词，它们的形式相同，都可作定语，但两者之间是有差别的。
现在分词和动名词，它们的形式相同，都可作定语，但两者之间是有差别的。
现在分词作定语时，被修饰的词和它之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，即被修饰的词执行现在分词所表示的这个动作，相当于一个定语从句。
而动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅表示一种用途，作“供作…..,”相当于一个for 介词短语。
a sleeping car 小卧车（动名词作定语，意为a car for sleeping）the rising sun 正在升起的太阳（现在分词作定语，意为the sun which is rising）2.V-ing 形式作定语时，可分为两种：一种仍有动词性质，如果是单个的或仅带有一个副词的v.-ing形式作定语时，常常用于所修饰的名词之前；v.-ing短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后。
The man standing at the window is our teacher .Water existing in the air is called vapor.另一种是已经，已无动词性质，通常只置于所修饰的名词之前，表示它所修饰的名词的目的,用途或场合。
Ving作表语定语宾补定语
V-ing形式作定语
• 1. 表示修饰名词的属性、作用或用途。 reading/dinning/waiting room washing/bathing/drinking water
2. 使动词的V-ing作定语，表示修饰名词的性质、 特点。
This/It is a boring speech. 定语
• 3. 表示所修饰名词的动作或状态，相当于一个 定语从句。
Watch out for the rolling stone. Watch out for the stone which is rolling.
They lived in a house facing the sea.
They built a highway leading into the mountains.
3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，
相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它 与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
room.
定语
4. The story is interesting. 表语
5. I have a friend living in London. 定语
6. My hobby is swimming. 表语
V-ing语法功 能
1．作表语 2．作定语 4．作宾语补足语
V-ing形式 作表语
-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，解释或说 明主语的内容,表示主语所具有的特征或属 性 Her hobby is painting. My job is looking after the children.
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Don’t have children playing in the
street.
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His boss kept him working the whole night.
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Conclusion (Task 2)
❖ 后面常用动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有： 第一类为表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词， 如_____s_e_e_,_w__a_tc_h_,_h_e_a_r_,_f_in_d_,_n_otice, __fe_e_l_, _s_m_e_l_l,_l_o_o_k_a_t_,_l_is_t_e_n_t_o__ 等；
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Guessing game
❖ He dreamed of being a super star in NBA.
❖ Hard training helped make his dream come true.
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Guessing game
❖ His acting is amusing. ❖ He devotes himself to making
their study in our classroom.
❖ 6. It’s extremely hot r定ec语ently, we can go to the
swimming pool.
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① His acting is amusing.
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②What he does well in is playing football.
❖ 第二类为表示“致使”等意义的动词，如 __h__av_e_,_k_e_e_p__, _g_e_t,_l_e_a_v_e_等。
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Complete the sentences (Task 2)
❖① 当我走进房间时，发现他们正在看电视。 ❖ When I entered the room,
I _f_o_u_n_d__t_h_e_m__w_a_t_c_h_in_g__T_V___. ❖② 不要让他在外面一直等着。 ❖ Don’t _k_e_e_p__h_im__w__a_it_in__g_o_u_t_s_id__e.
❖ 2. 主He语dreamed of being a 表sup语er star in N宾BA语.
❖ 3. His acting is amusing.
表语
❖ 4. What he does well in is playing football.
❖ 5. We often see him helping h宾er补students with
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V-ing做宾补还可以用于以下结构中：
❖ “with+宾语+宾补(V-ing)”, 这里的宾语和宾 语补足语之间存在主动关系。
❖ The child fell asleep with the light burning. 这个孩子睡着了，亮着灯。
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Please learn the following expressions: drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台
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③The movie is exciting.
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④The hen’s full-time job is lclusion (Task 1)
❖ 动词-ing形式作表语时放在 _系__动__词___之后，有以下特征和作用： 第一：有形容词的特征，用来说明主语 的__B_._性__质__或_特__征____，如例句 __①__和__③___。第二：相当于一个名词， 但可以带自己的宾语，用来表示主语的 _A_._某__种__动_作__或__行__为_ ，如例句_②__和__④___
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working people = people who work.
a developing country = a country which is developing. boiling water = the water which is boiling
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Complete the sentences (Task 1)
❖① 这个故事听起来令人吃惊。 ❖ The story _s_o_u_n_d_s__s_u_r_p_r_is_i_n_g____. ❖② 她的爱好是听音乐。 ❖ Her hobby _i_s_l_is_t_e_n_i_n_g_t_o__m_u_s_i_c_.
Chinese Kongfu popular all over the world.
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Guessing game
❖ The news that he succeeded in winning the second Oscar is very exciting.
❖ His winning two Oscars for directing films makes us very proud.
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Guessing game
❖ What he does well in is playing football.
❖ We often see him playing football on the playground after class.
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Guessing game
It’s extremely hot recently.
Where is the safe place for us to swim?
Swimming pool
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Can you tell the function of the underlined part?
❖ 1. Hard training hel主ped语make his dream come
true.
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❖We often see him playing football
on the playground after class.
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The train is passing by. We can watch the train.
We can watch the train passing by .