非谓语动词被动语态归纳及练演示教学

非谓语动词被动语态归纳及练习(2010-01-12 15:33:06)转载▼

标签：非谓语被动教育分类：语法知识

当不定式或动词的-ing形式与其逻辑主语之间构成被动关系时，要用其用被动式。其形式归纳如下：

不定式To be done To have been done

动词-ing形式Being done Having been done

对非谓语动词被动语态的考查在高考中也是较常见的。

例1：

Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre this evening. （92全国）

A. to be taken

B. to take

C. being taken

D. taking

【分析】答案选A。句子主语Little Jim与take是被动关系，“被带去看戏”发生在“想(should love=want)”后，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。

例2：

After he became conscious, he remembered _______ and ________ on the head with a rod. 【06江西】

A. to attack; hit

B. to be attacked; to be hit

C. attacking; be hit

D. having been attacked; hit 【分析】特殊情况：“remember”接动名词的一般式或完成式均表示“记得已经发生过的事”，句子的主语he与并列的attack，hit是被动关系，答案应选D。

例3：

At the beginning of the class,the noise of desks_____could be heard outside the classrooms.（07全国II）

A. opened and closed

B. to be opened and closed

B. being opened and closed D. to open and close

【分析】动词-ing形式的被动语态为“being done”。根据所提供的情景课判断出在上课的开始可以听到桌子被打开和关上的声音。Desks与open,close之间为被动关系，且充当介词of的宾语，因此使用动词-ing形式的被动语态。

例4：----Where is George? He said he would meet me at 3 o’clock.

----He seems ____ with Mr. Brown in the office.（2000全国）

A. to talk

B. to be talking

C.to have talked

D. talking

【分析】seem 后接动词不定式作宾语，此处根据情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在办公室说话，应该用不定式的进行式，故选B。

说明：

一．动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义的情况：在作表语或宾补的形容词后用状语时；作定语修饰have, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名词或代词时；作表语的to blame，to let, to rent等。如：

1. The text is difficult to learn. 这篇课文很难学。(to learn主动表被动)

2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我们觉得这篇课文很难学。(to learn主动表被动)

3. He was to blame for that. 他因此受到了责备。(作表语的to blame主动表被动)

4. I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have an ything ________ ?

A. to be buying

B. to buy

C. for buying

D. bought

【分析】答案选B。表示“有…要…”，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.【08全国卷I】

A. to be breathed

B. to breathe

C. breathing

D. being breathed 【分析】在主系表结构中，当表语形容词为good, light,heavy, difficult等时，其后常用不定式作状语，表示时间，原因，结果等，且常用主动形式表示被动意义，因此选B。

二．need, want和require表示“需要”，主语通常是物时，后面除用不定式的被动式外，也可用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动。如：

There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need ________. (05上海卷)

A. that; to be improved

B. which; to be improved

C. where; improving

D. when; improving

【分析】答案选A。need improving=need to be improved。that引导的从句与problem是同位语。

练一练：

1. (2002)Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains____whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen